Mandatory Palestine

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establishment of a "Jewish National Home" without, however, defining its meaning. A statement on "British Policy in Palestine", issued on 3 June 1922 by the Colonial Office, placed a restrictive construction upon the Balfour Declaration. The statement said the British government did not contemplate "the disappearance or subordination of the Arabic population, language or customs in Palestine" or "the imposition of Jewish nationality upon the inhabitants of Palestine as a whole", and made it clear that in the eyes of the mandatory Power, the Jewish National Home was to be founded in Palestine and not that Palestine as a whole was to be converted into a Jewish National Home. The Committee noted that the construction, which restricted considerably the scope of the National Home, was made prior to the confirmation of the Mandate by the Council of the League of Nations and was formally accepted at the time by the Executive of the Zionist Organisation.

2672: 2687:(26,625.6 km), of which 8,252,900 dunams (8,252.9 km) or 33% were arable. Official statistics show that Jews privately and collectively owned 1,393,531 dunams (1,393.53 km), or 5.23% of Palestine's total in 1945. The Jewish owned agricultural land was largely located in the Galilee and along the coastal plain. Estimates of the total volume of land that Jews had purchased by 15 May 1948 are complicated by illegal and unregistered land transfers, as well as by the lack of data on land concessions from the Palestine administration after 31 March 1936. According to Avneri, Jews held 1,850,000 dunams (1,850 km) of land in 1947, or 6.94% of the total. Stein gives the estimate of 2,000,000 dunams (2,000 km) as of May 1948, or 7.51% of the total. According to Fischbach, by 1948, Jews and Jewish companies owned 20% percent of all cultivable land in the country. 5567: 2284: 90: 5985:

majority and minority rights for the Jews. The AHC went one better and insisted that the proportion of Jews to Arabs in the unitary state should stand at one to six, meaning that only Jews who lived in Palestine before the British Mandate be eligible for citizenship"; p. 67, at 1947 "The League's Political Committee met in Sofar, Lebanon, on 16–19 September, and urged the Palestine Arabs to fight partition, which it called "aggression", "without mercy". The League promised them, in line with Bludan, assistance "in manpower, money and equipment" should the United Nations endorse partition."; p. 72, at Dec 1947 "The League vowed, in very general language, "to try to stymie the partition plan and prevent the establishment of a Jewish state in Palestine,"

1902: 1878:. After the victory, British forces in Jerusalem announced that they had no intention of overseeing any local administration but also that they would not permit actions that would hamper the safe and orderly withdrawal of their forces; military courts would try anybody who interfered. Although by this time British authority in most of Palestine had broken down, with most of the country in the hands of Jews or Arabs, the British air and sea blockade of Palestine remained in place. Although Arab volunteers were able to cross the borders between Palestine and the surrounding Arab states to join the fighting, the British did not allow the regular armies of the surrounding Arab states to cross into Palestine. 5718: 3357: 2588:

assistance by a Mandatory as foreshadowed in Article XXII of the Covenant) should be curtailed in order to facilitate the establishment in Palestine of a National Home for the Jewish people." ... Zionist leaders have not concealed and do not conceal their opposition to the grant of any measure of self-government to the people of Palestine either now or for many years to come. Some of them even go so far as to claim that that provision of Article 2 of the Mandate constitutes a bar to compliance with the demand of the Arabs for any measure of self-government. In view of the provisions of Article XXII of the Covenant and of the promises made to the Arabs on several occasions that claim is inadmissible.

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whole, but that the united and whole country be Jewish." He explained that a first-class Jewish army would permit Zionists to settle in the rest of the country with or without the consent of the Arabs. Benny Morris said that both Chaim Weizmann and David Ben Gurion saw partition as a stepping stone to further expansion and the eventual takeover of the whole of Palestine. Former Israeli Foreign Minister and historian Schlomo Ben Ami writes that 1937 was the same year that the "Field Battalions" under Yitzhak Sadeh wrote the "Avner Plan", which anticipated and laid the groundwork for what would become in 1948,

5703: 2006:. With the end of the Mandate, the remaining British troops in Israel were concentrated in an enclave in the Haifa port area, through which they were being withdrawn, and at RAF Ramat David, which was maintained to cover the withdrawal. The British handed over RAF Ramat David to the Israelis on 26 May and on 30 June, the last British troops were evacuated from Haifa. The British flag was lowered from the administrative building of the Port of Haifa and the Israeli flag was raised in its place, and the Haifa port area was formally handed over to the Israeli authorities in a ceremony. 893:– a Jewish entrepreneur – concessions for the production and distribution of electrical power. Rutenberg soon established an electric company whose shareholders were Zionist organisations, investors, and philanthropists. Palestinian-Arabs saw it as proof that the British intended to favour Zionism. The British administration claimed that electrification would enhance the economic development of the country as a whole, while at the same time securing their commitment to facilitate a Jewish National Home through economic – rather than political – means. 1026: 73: 1674: 5777: 2039: 5549: 415: 5657: 5244: 5687: 5749: 59: 866: 468: 5672: 5396: 5625: 5733: 6337:, the Land of Israel, the ancient and traditional Jewish name. Jews have never called the country Palestine, which was indeed a Roman name etymologically akin to Philistia. .the Government was undoubtedly right in resisting a nomenclature intolerable to the vast majority of Palestinians, and in substituting the device, relatively inoffensive to all parties (though giving complete satisfaction to none), of adding to "Palestine" in Hebrew the two Hebrew initials (E.Y.).' 2219:, during which he exhorted the crowd to give their blood for Palestine. During the entire Mandate period, but especially during the latter half, the rivalry between the mufti and al-Nashashibi dominated Palestinian politics. Khalidi ascribes the failure of the Palestinian leaders to enroll mass support to the fact that they had been part of the ruling elite and accustomed to their commands being obeyed; thus, the idea of mobilising the masses was unknown to them. 1574: 13124: 1796: 13134: 6584:"It was not scholarly religious credentials that made Hajj Amin an attractive candidate for president of the SMC in the eyes of colonial officials. Rather, it was the combination of his being an effective nationalist activist and a member of one of Jerusalem's most respected notable families that made it advantageous to align his interests with those of the British administration and thereby keep him on a short tether." Weldon C. Matthews, 2051: 5765: 3329:, and the neighborhood of Jerusalem, there were no restrictions. The reason given for the regulations was that the Mandatory was required to "ensur that the rights and positions of other sections of the population are not prejudiced", and an assertion that "such transfers of land must be restricted if Arab cultivators are to maintain their existing standard of life and a considerable landless Arab population is not soon to be created" 454: 440: 5372: 3412: 2171: 838: 10766: 1890:, stating that "unfortunately, it has become clear that the partition plan cannot be carried out at this time by peaceful means... unless emergency action is taken, there will be no public authority in Palestine on that date capable of preserving law and order. Violence and bloodshed will descend upon the Holy Land. Large-scale fighting among the people of that country will be the inevitable result". The 1698:

100,000 Jewish refugees from Europe into Palestine. It also recommended that there be no Arab or Jewish state. The Committee stated that "in order to dispose, once and for all, of the exclusive claims of Jews and Arabs to Palestine, we regard it as essential that a clear statement of principle should be made that Jew shall not dominate Arab and Arab shall not dominate Jew in Palestine". U.S. President

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seasonal basis, immigrated illegally during this period. Immigration accounted for most of the increase of Jewish population, while the non-Jewish population increase was largely natural. Of the Jewish immigrants, in 1939 most had come from Germany and Czechoslovakia, but in 1940–1944 most came from Romania and Poland, with an additional 3,530 immigrants arriving from Yemen during the same period.

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this enemy and of the common struggle against it lies the firm foundation of the natural alliance that exists between the National Socialist Greater Germany and the freedom-loving Muslims of the whole world. In this spirit I am sending you on the anniversary of the infamous Balfour declaration my hearty greetings and wishes for the successful pursuit of your struggle until the final victory.

2245:. During the 1930s, Palestinian Arab popular discontent with Jewish immigration grew. In the late 1920s and early 1930s, several factions of Palestinian society, especially from the younger generation, became impatient with the internecine divisions and ineffectiveness of the Palestinian elite and engaged in grass-roots anti-British and anti-Zionist activism, organised by groups such as the 2382:

restrictive measures were soon increasingly introduced. A new Publications Law was issued in 1933, which gave the British authorities the power to revoke publication permits, suspend newspapers, and punish journalists. Regulations were issued that further restricted freedom of the press. Many major publications were suspended for extended periods between 1937 and 1938, including

2121:, the mandate ignored the political rights of the Arabs. The Arab leadership repeatedly pressed the British to grant them national and political rights, such as representative government, over Jewish national and political rights in the remaining 23% of the Mandate of Palestine which the British had set aside for a Jewish homeland. The Arabs reminded the British of 1352:. However, this history has been less studied, as Israeli sources put more focus in studying the role played by Jewish soldiers. Meanwhile, Palestinian sources "were not eager to glorify the names of those who cooperated with Britain not so many years after the British put down the Arab Revolt of 1936-1939, and thereby indirectly helped the Jews establish a state." 3440:, which placed immigration restrictions on Jews, stated that the Jewish population "has risen to some 450,000" and was "approaching a third of the entire population of the country". In 1945, a demographic study showed that the population had grown to 1,764,520, comprising 1,061,270 Muslims, 553,600 Jews, 135,550 Christians and 14,100 people of other groups. 1948:), to come into effect at the moment of termination of the Mandate at midnight. Also on the 14th, the Provisional Government of Israel asked the US Government for recognition, on the frontiers specified in the UN Plan for Partition. The United States immediately replied, recognizing "the provisional government as the de facto authority". 2152:, admitted that, during the previous twenty-five years, the British had done their best to further the legitimate aspirations of the Jewish communities without prejudicing the interests of the Arabs, but had failed to "secure the development of self-governing institutions" in accordance with the terms of the Mandate. 2321:. During this period, the press became more diverse, and increasingly reflected different political factions and national consciousness. According to one survey in the mid 1930s, over 250 Arabic newspapers and 65 in other languages were circulating in Mandatory Palestine. Twenty newspapers were established in 9554:: "The High Commissioner may, with the approval of a Secretary of State, by Proclamation divide Palestine into administrative divisions or districts in such manner and with such subdivisions as may be convenient for purposes of administration describing the boundaries thereof and assigning names thereto." 7088:

Quote: "No Zionist can forgo the smallest portion of the Land Of Israel. Jewish state in part is not an end, but a beginning ….. Our possession is important not only for itself … through this we increase our power, and every increase in power facilitates getting hold of the country in its entirety.

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determined for around 1939, of 36 countries, Palestinian Jews were placed 15th, Palestinian Arabs 30th, Egypt 33rd and Turkey 35th. The Jews in Palestine were mainly urban, 76.2% in 1942, while the Arabs were mainly rural, 68.3% in 1942. Overall, Khalidi concludes that Palestinian Arab society, while

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Between 1922 and 1947, the annual growth rate of the Jewish sector of the economy was 13.2%, mainly due to immigration and foreign capital, while that of the Arab was 6.5%. Per capita, these figures were 4.8% and 3.6% respectively. By 1936, Jews earned 2.6 times as much as Arabs. Compared to Arabs in

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A collection of private correspondence published by David Ben Gurion contained a letter written in 1937 which explained that he was in favour of partition because he did not envision a partial Jewish state as the end of the process. Ben Gurion wrote "What we want is not that the country be united and

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had provisionally recognised the communities of Palestine as independent nations. The mandate simply marked a transitory period, with the aim and object of leading the mandated territory to become an independent self-governing State. Judge Higgins explained that the Palestinian people are entitled to

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area, home to more than half the Jewish population, and turned over responsibility for the maintenance of law and order to Jewish police. As the civil war raged on, British military forces gradually withdrew from Palestine, although they occasionally intervened in favour of either side. Many of these

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as Resolution 181 (II), while making some adjustments to the boundaries between the two states proposed by it. The division was to take effect on the date of British withdrawal. The partition plan required that the proposed states grant full civil rights to all people within their borders, regardless

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Quote from a meeting of the Jewish Agency executive in June 1938: " satisfied with part of the country, but on the basis of the assumption that after we build up a strong force following the establishment of the state, we will abolish the partition of the country and we will expand to the whole Land

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There were no further censuses but statistics were maintained by counting births, deaths and migration. By the end of 1936 the total population was approximately 1,300,000, the Jews being estimated at 384,000. The Arabs had also increased their numbers rapidly, mainly as a result of the cessation of

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The League of Nations Permanent Mandates Commission took the position that the Mandate contained a dual obligation. In 1932 the Mandates Commission questioned the representative of the Mandatory on the demands made by the Arab population regarding the establishment of self-governing institutions, in

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The spirit of factionalism has penetrated most levels of society; one can see it among journalists, trainees, and the rank and file. If you ask anyone: who does he support? He will reply with pride, Husseini or Nashasibi, or ... he will start to pour out his wrath against the opposing camp in a most

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contained a safeguarding clause for the existing rights of the non-Jewish communities. The conference accepted the terms of the Mandate with reference to Palestine, on the understanding that there was inserted in the memorandum a legal undertaking by the Mandatory Power that it would not involve the

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was largely inoperative, and government services such as social welfare, water supplies, and postal services were withdrawn. In March 1948, all British judges in Palestine were sent back to Britain. In April 1948, the British withdrew from most of Haifa but retained an enclave in the port area to be

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broke out. The strike lasted until October 1936, instigated by the Arab Higher Committee, headed by Amin al-Husseini. During the summer of that year, thousands of Jewish-farmed acres and orchards were destroyed. Jewish civilians were attacked and killed, and some Jewish communities, such as those in

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and anti-British militant organisation. He recruited and arranged military training for peasants, and by 1935 he had enlisted between 200 and 800 men. They used bombs and firearms against Zionist settlers and vandalised settlers' orchards and British-built railway lines. In November 1935, two of his

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p. 50, at 1947 "Haj Amin al-Husseini went one better: he denounced also the minority report, which, in his view, legitimized the Jewish foothold in Palestine, a "partition in disguise", as he put it."; p. 66, at 1946 "The League demanded independence for Palestine as a "unitary" state, with an Arab

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The National Socialist movement of Greater Germany has, since its inception, inscribed upon its flag the fight against the world Jewry. It has therefore followed with particular sympathy the struggle of freedom-loving Arabs, especially in Palestine, against Jewish interlopers. In the recognition of

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took over from the Zionist Commission its representative functions and administration of the Jewish community. During the Mandate period, the Jewish Agency was a quasi-governmental organisation that served the administrative needs of the Jewish community. Its leadership was elected by Jews from all

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1910. Damaged by an earthquake in 1927, this building served as the headquarters and official residence of the British High Commissioners until 1933. In that year, a new, purpose-built headquarters and official residence for the High Commissioner was completed on what was then the southeastern edge

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Many of the editors and owners of newspapers were members of political organizations, and used their publications for mobilizing the public. The British authorities' attitude towards Palestinian press was initially tolerant, given they had assessed that their impact on public life was minimal, but

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had promised before its election in 1945 to allow mass Jewish migration into Palestine but reneged on this promise once in office. Anti-British Jewish militancy increased, and the situation required the presence of over 100,000 British troops in the country. Following the Acre Prison Break and the

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The revolt had also a negative effect on Palestinian Arab leadership, social cohesion, and military capabilities, and it contributed to the outcome of the 1948 War because "when the Palestinians faced their most fateful challenge in 1947–49, they were still suffering from the British repression of

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I am sending my greetings to your eminence and to the participants of the meeting held today in the Reich capital under your chairmanship. Germany is linked to the Arab nation by old ties of friendship, and today we are united more than ever before. The elimination of the socalled Jewish national

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After transition to the British rule, much of the agricultural land in Palestine (about one third of the whole territory) was still owned by the same landowners as under Ottoman rule, mostly powerful Arab clans and local Muslim sheikhs. Other lands had been held by foreign Christian organisations

2137:, of 1922, which implemented the terms of the mandate. It stated that: "No Ordinance shall be passed which shall be in any way repugnant to or inconsistent with the provisions of the Mandate." For the Arabs, this decree was unacceptable, akin to "self murder". As a result, the Arabs boycotted the 2089:

in all parts of the Ottoman Empire. The guarantees have frequently been referred to as "religious rights" or "minority rights". However, the guarantees included a prohibition against discrimination in civil and political matters. Difference of religion could not be alleged against any person as a

2014:

The administration of the Mandate was officially under British Government Service however, the Peel Commission noted that it was unreliable, understaffed, and over-centralised and that racial antagonism between Jews and Arabs had begun affecting the whole Administration. The Jewish Agency and the

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announced, "The partition of the Homeland is illegal. It will never be recognised. The signature by institutions and individuals of the partition agreement is invalid. It will not bind the Jewish people. Jerusalem was and will forever be our capital. Eretz Israel will be restored to the people of

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In June 1947, the British Mandate Government of Palestine had published the following statistics: "It is estimated that over a quarter of the Jewish population in Palestine are Sephardic Jews of whom some 60,000 were born of families resident in Palestine for centuries. The bulk of the Sephardic

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newspaper in January 1942, read: "She couldn't stop thinking about contribution and sacrifice, she felt ongoing pride and exaltation of spirit – when she did what she saw as her sacred duty for her nation and its sons. When your country is crying out to you and asking for your service, when your

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as the basis for discussion. A spokesman for the agency, Eliahu Epstein, told the US State Department that the Agency could not attend the London conference if the Grady-Morrison proposal was on the agenda. He stated that the Agency was unwilling to be placed in a position where it might have to

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In 1946 an Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry noted that the demand for a Jewish State went beyond the obligations of either the Balfour Declaration or the Mandate and had been expressly disowned by the Chairman of the Jewish Agency as recently as 1932. The Jewish Agency subsequently refused to

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Britain announced that it would accept the partition plan, but refused to enforce it, arguing it was not accepted by the Arabs. Britain also refused to share the administration of Palestine with the UN Palestine Commission during the transitional period. In September 1947, the British government

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in 1946 was a joint attempt by Britain and the United States to agree on a policy regarding the admission of Jews to Palestine. In April, the Committee reported that its members had arrived at a unanimous decision. The Committee approved the American recommendation of the immediate acceptance of

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By the time the revolt concluded in March 1939, more than 5,000 Arabs, 400 Jews, and 200 British had been killed and at least 15,000 Arabs were wounded. In total, 10% of the adult Arab male population was killed, wounded, imprisoned, or exiled. From 1936 to 1945, while establishing collaborative

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attributed this to "Zionist pressure, British anti-Arab racism, and lack of resources." He added that "the colonial mentality of the British authorities who deemed the Palestinians yet another colonized people who had to be oppressed, while regarding the Zionist settlers as fellow colonialists,

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In the Balfour Declaration there is no suggestion that the Jews should be accorded a special or favoured position in Palestine as compared with the Arab inhabitants of the country, or that the claims of Palestinians to enjoy self-government (subject to the rendering of administrative advice and

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During the Mandate, the Yishuv grew from one-sixth to almost one-third of the population. According to official records, 367,845 Jews and 33,304 non-Jews immigrated legally between 1920 and 1945. It was estimated that another 50–60,000 Jews and a marginal number of Arabs, the latter mostly on a

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Colonel Symes explained that the country was described as "Palestine" by Europeans and as "Falestin" by the Arabs. The Hebrew name for the country was the designation "Land of Israel", and the Government, to meet Jewish wishes, had agreed that the word "Palestine" in Hebrew characters should be

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farmers had 5,484,700 dunams of land under cultivation. The 1945 UN estimate shows that Arab ownership of arable land was on average 68% of a district, ranging from 15% ownership in the Beer-Sheba district to 99% ownership in the Ramallah district. These data cannot be fully understood without

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Under the British Mandate, the office of "Mufti of Jerusalem", traditionally limited in authority and geographical scope, was refashioned into that of "Grand Mufti of Palestine". Furthermore, a Supreme Muslim Council (SMC) was established and given various duties, such as the administration of

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and an "outlet to the Red Sea and the Port of Aqaba". According to John Snetsinger, Chaim Weizmann visited President Truman on 19 November 1947 and said it was imperative that the Negev and Port of Aqaba be within the Jewish state. Truman telephoned the US delegation to the UN and told them he

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Chapter 9: Being Palestine, becoming Palestine, p. 287: "the sense of continuity between the ancient, medieval and modern political geography and naming traditions of Palestine eventually came into play in the designation of the British Mandatory Government of Palestine". The preceding pages,

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grew in Europe during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Jewish immigration (mostly from Europe) to Palestine began to increase markedly. Combined with the growth of Arab nationalism in the region and increasing anti-Jewish sentiments the growth of the Jewish population created much Arab

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established a Legislative Council, which was to consist of 23 members: 12 elected, 10 appointed, and the High Commissioner. Of the 12 elected members, eight were to be Muslim Arabs, two Christian Arabs, and two Jews. Arabs protested against the distribution of the seats, arguing that as they

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has provoked many discussions concerning its meaning, scope and legal character, especially since it had no known legal connotation and there are no precedents in international law for its interpretation. It was used in the Balfour Declaration and in the Mandate, both of which promised the

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p. 11 "while the Zionist movement, after much agonising, accepted the principle of partition and the proposals as a basis for negotiation"; p. 49 "In the end, after bitter debate, the Congress equivocally approved—by a vote of 299 to 160—the Peel recommendations as a basis for further

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dairy in 1926. Electric current mainly flowed to Jewish industry, following it to its nestled locations in Tel Aviv and Haifa. Although Tel Aviv had by far more workshops and factories, the demand for electric power for industry was roughly the same for both cities by the early 1930s.

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urged acceptance on the ground that realities must be faced, but wanted modification of the proposed boundaries and Arab administrations in the neutral enclave. The Consul also noted that Nashashibi sidestepped the principle, but was willing to negotiate for favourable modifications.

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home and the liberation of all Arab countries from the oppression and exploitation of the Western powers is an unchangeable part of the Great German Reich policy. Let the hour not be far off when the Arab nation will be able to build its future and find unity in full independence.

1951:

At midnight on 14/15 May 1948, the Mandate for Palestine expired, and the State of Israel came into being. The Palestine Government formally ceased to exist, the status of British forces still in the process of withdrawal from Haifa changed to occupiers of foreign territory, the

9532: 1994:) and moved into areas designated as part of the Arab state by the UN partition plan. The war, which was to last until 1949, would see Israel expand to encompass about 78% of the territory of the former British Mandate, with Transjordan seizing and subsequently annexing the 3321:, a region northeast of the Gaza District, and the southern part of the Beersheba sub-District, sale of land by a Palestinian Arab was forbidden except to a Palestinian Arab with similar exceptions. In the "free zone", which consisted of Haifa Bay, the coastal plain from 7266:

parachuted into Palestine in September 1944. This was one of the last German efforts in the region to attack the Jewish community in Palestine and undermine British rule by supplying local Arabs with cash, arms and sabotage equipment. The team was captured shortly after

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The name given to the Mandate's territory was "Palestine", in accordance with local Palestinian Arab and Ottoman usage and with European tradition. The Mandate charter stipulated that Mandatory Palestine would have three official languages: English, Arabic and Hebrew.

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by torpedo and shellfire and machine-gunned survivors in the water, killing between 300 and 400 refugees. Illegal immigration resumed after the end of the Second World War, especially by the Haganah, who carried mostly illegal Jewish immigrants in the period 1945-47.

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and a general improvement in health services. In absolute figures their increase exceeded that of the Jewish population, but proportionally, the latter had risen from 13 per cent of the total population at the census of 1922 to nearly 30 per cent at the end of 1936.

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followed in all official documents by the initials which stood for that designation. As a set-off to this, certain of the Arab politicians suggested that the country should be called "Southern Syria" in order to emphasise its close relation with another Arab State.

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had said earlier that to assist Britain in maintaining order against an Arab revolt, an open-ended US commitment of 300,000 troops would be necessary. The immediate admission of 100,000 new Jewish immigrants would almost certainly have provoked an Arab uprising.

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Article 7. The Administration of Palestine shall be responsible for enacting a nationality law. There shall be included in this law provisions framed so as to facilitate the acquisition of Palestinian citizenship by Jews who take up their permanent residence in

1165:, Ben-Gurion explained that partition would be a first step to "possession of the land as a whole". The same sentiment was recorded by Ben-Gurion on other occasions, such as at a meeting of the Jewish Agency executive in June 1938, as well as by Chaim Weizmann. 5536:

Literacy rates in 1932 were 86% for the Jews compared to 22% for the Palestinian Arabs, but Arab literacy rates steadily increased thereafter. By comparison, Palestinian Arab literacy rates were higher than those of Egypt and Turkey, but lower than in Lebanon.

3114:

The land owned privately and collectively by Jews, Arabs and other non-Jews can be classified as urban, rural built-on, cultivable (farmed), and uncultivable. The following chart shows the ownership by Jews, Arabs and other non-Jews in each of the categories.

1861:, even as Jerusalem came under siege by Arab forces and became the scene of fierce fighting, though the British occasionally intervened in the fighting, largely to secure their evacuation routes, including by proclaiming martial law and enforcing truces. The 5291:

Apart from the Religious Courts, the judicial system was modelled on the British one, having a High Court with appellate jurisdiction and the power of review over the Central Court and the Central Criminal Court. The five consecutive Chief Justices were:

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and Palestine, and all of the post-war peace treaties, contained clauses for the protection of religious groups and minorities. The mandates invoked the compulsory jurisdiction of the Permanent Court of International Justice in the event of any disputes.

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in 1946, the final Assembly of the League of Nations and the General Assembly both adopted resolutions welcoming the news. The Jewish Agency objected, claiming that Transjordan was an integral part of Palestine, and that according to Article 80 of the

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to approve equivocally the Peel recommendations as a basis for more negotiation. The US Consul General at Jerusalem told the State Department that the Mufti had refused the principle of partition and declined to consider it. The Consul said that the

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ground for exclusion or incapacity in matters relating to the enjoyment of civil or political rights, admission to public employments, functions, and honours, or the exercise of the various professions and industries, "in any locality whatsoever".

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over the world by proportional representation. The Jewish Agency was charged with facilitating Jewish immigration to Palestine, land purchase and planning the general policies of the Zionist leadership. It ran schools and hospitals and formed the

636:, based on its social, political, and economic development. This classification was reserved for post-war mandates with the highest capacity for self-governance. All Class A mandates other than mandatory Palestine had gained independence by 1946. 2526:

resentment. The British government placed limitations on Jewish immigration to Palestine. These quotas were controversial, particularly in the latter years of British rule, and both Arabs and Jews disliked the policy, each for their own reasons.

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system which only recognised eleven religious communities: Muslims, Jews and nine Christian denominations (none of which were Christian Protestant churches). All those who were not members of these recognised communities were excluded from the

1881:

The British had notified the UN of their intent to terminate the mandate not later than 1 August 1948. However, early in 1948, the United Kingdom announced its firm intention to end its mandate in Palestine on 15 May. In response, President

1723:(the UN Special Committee on Palestine) on 15 May 1947, with representatives from 11 countries. UNSCOP conducted hearings and made a general survey of the situation in Palestine and issued its report on 31 August. Seven members (Canada, 5640: 2571:, it being clearly understood that nothing should be done which might prejudice the civil and religious rights of existing non-Jewish communities in Palestine, or the rights and political status enjoyed by Jews in any other country. 1702:

angered the British Government by issuing a statement supporting the 100,000 refugees but refusing to acknowledge the rest of the committee's findings. Britain had asked for U.S. assistance in implementing the recommendations. The

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A discrepancy between the two censuses and records of births, deaths and immigration, led the authors of the second census to postulate the illegal immigration of about 9,000 Jews and 4,000 Arabs during the intervening years.

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High Commissioner Samuel tried to establish self-governing institutions in Palestine, as required by the mandate, but the Arab leadership refused to co-operate with any institution which included Jewish participation. When

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Table 2 showing Holdings of Large Jewish Lands Owners as of December 31st, 1945, British Mandate: A Survey of Palestine: Volume I – Page 245. Chapter VIII: Land: Section 3., prepared by the British Mandate for the United

5994:"The Arabs rejected the United Nations Partition Plan so that any comment of theirs did not specifically concern the status of the Arab section of Palestine under partition but rather rejected the scheme in its entirety." 1823:

During the General Assembly deliberations on Palestine, there were suggestions that it would be desirable to incorporate part of Transjordan's territory into the proposed Jewish state. A few days before the adoption of

6614:, I.B. Tauris, London and New York, 2001 p. 38. The 'Jewish Agency', mentioned in article 4 of the Mandate only became the official term in 1928. At the time the organisation was called the Palestine Zionist Executive. 2297:

newspaper featuring a caricature on its 18 June 1936 edition showing Zionism as a crocodile under the protection of a British officer telling Palestinian Arabs: "don't be afraid!!! I will swallow you peacefully...."

1625:"), and the Jewish Agency Executive decided on a series of measures against "terrorist organisations" in Palestine. Irgun ordered its members not to resist or retaliate with violence, so as to prevent a civil war. 7330: 971:, Austria, 1923, it was decided that: "It appears, therefore, to be the duty of all Jews to co-operate in the social-economic reconstruction of Palestine and to assist in the settlement of Jews in that country." 6332:

Nicholson & Watson 1943 pp.383-384.|quote='When . .the first civil issue of Palestine stamps was being designed, strong pressure was exerted on the authorities to render Palestine, in the Hebrew title, by

1109:, which were to prove decisive in 1948. Secondly, it became clear that the two communities could not be reconciled, and the idea of partition was born. Thirdly, the British responded to Arab opposition with the 9226:

By 1948, after several decades of Jewish immigration, the Jewish population of Palestine had risen to about one third of the total, and Jews and Jewish companies owned 20 percent of all cultivable land in the

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accordance with various articles of the mandate, and in particular Article 2. The chairman noted that "under the terms of the same article, the mandatory Power had long since set up the Jewish National Home".

1176:

which proposed a limit to Jewish immigration from Europe, restrictions on Jewish land purchases, and a programme for creating an independent state to replace the Mandate within ten years. This was seen by the

5959:

For example, Radio Palestine broadcast the comments of an Egyptian writer who said, "The war is between the lofty and humane values represented by England and the forces of darkness represented by the Nazis."

7514: 2646:

compromise between the Grady-Morrison proposals on the one hand and its own partition plan on the other. He stated that the Agency had accepted partition as the solution for Palestine which it favoured.

1292:

As in most of the Arab world, there was no unanimity amongst the Palestinian Arabs as to their position regarding the belligerents in the Second World War. A number of leaders and public figures saw an

2695:

comparing them to those of neighbouring countries: in Iraq, for instance, still in 1951 only 0.3 per cent of registered land (or 50 per cent of the total amount) was categorised as 'private property'.

5288:

arrangement. As a result, there was no possibility, for example, of marriages between confessional communities, and there were no civil marriages. Personal contacts between communities were nominal.

5975:

country makes it plain that our Arab men need your love and support, and when your country reminds you of how cruel the enemy is – when your country is calling you, can you stand by and do nothing?"

2141:

held in 1923, which were subsequently annulled. During the interwar period, the British rejected the principle of majority rule or any other measure that would give Arabs control of the government.

1925:

By 14 May 1948, the only British forces remaining in Palestine were in the Haifa area and in Jerusalem. On that same day, the British garrison in Jerusalem withdrew, and the last High Commissioner,

8871:

p. 210: "Arab illegal immigration is mainly ... casual, temporary and seasonal". pp. 212: "The conclusion is that Arab illegal immigration for the purpose of permanent settlement is insignificant".

5586: 8149: 1197:, which represented the mainstream Zionist leadership and most of the Jewish population, still hoped to persuade Britain to allow resumed Jewish immigration and cooperated with Britain during the 11182: 1751:

supported the resolution. Haiti, Liberia, and the Philippines changed their votes at the last moment after concerted pressure from the US and from Zionist organisations. The five members of the

1117:, even this reduced immigration quota was not reached. The White Paper policy itself radicalised segments of the Jewish population, who after the war would no longer cooperate with the British. 9904: 8792:

community, however, consists of oriental Jews emanating from Syria, Egypt, Persia, Iraq, Georgia, Bokhara and other Eastern countries. They are confined mainly to the larger towns ..." (From:

9350: 8051: 5505:

Under the British Mandate, the country developed economically and culturally. In 1919, the Jewish community founded a centralised Hebrew school system, and the following year established the

3301:

which divided Palestine into three regions with different restrictions on land sales applying to each. In Zone "A", which included the hill-country of Judea as a whole, certain areas in the

1979:. Around 4,500 Transjordanian troops, commanded partly by 38 British officers who had resigned their commissions in the British Army only weeks earlier, including overall commander, General 8464: 6350: 1431:

Besides Jews and Arabs from Palestine, in total by mid-1944 the British had assembled a multiethnic force consisting of volunteer European Jewish refugees (from German-occupied countries),

9158:"Land Ownership in Palestine", CZA, KKL5/1878. The statistics were prepared by the Palestine Lands Department for the Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry, 1945, ISA, Box 3874/file 1. See 5776: 1956:

formally stood down and was disbanded, with the remaining personnel evacuated alongside British military forces, the British blockade of Palestine was lifted, and all those who had been

13111: 8988:

Memorandum by the Secretary of State for the Colonies, "Palestine: High Commissioners Views on Policy", March 1930, UK National Archives Cabinet Paper CAB/24/211, formerly C.P. 108 (30)

682:

whenever the Mandate's name was mentioned in Hebrew in official documents. The Arab leadership saw this compromise as a violation of the mandate terms. Some Arab politicians suggested "

2475:, a Jewish paramilitary organisation, was formed on 15 June 1920 to defend Jewish residents. Tensions led to widespread violent disturbances on several occasions, notably in 1921 (see 1828:(II) on 29 November 1947, US Secretary of State Marshall noted frequent references had been made by the Ad Hoc Committee regarding the desirability of the Jewish State having both the 10649:

Kamel, Lorenzo. "Whose Land? Land Tenure in Late Nineteenth- and Early Twentieth-Century Palestine", "British Journal of Middle Eastern studies" (April 2014), 41, 2, pp. 230–242.

6408:, 2009: "An All-Palestine Congress, known also as the First Congress of the Muslim-Christian Societies, was organised by the MCA and convened in Jerusalem in February 1919." p.220-221 5928:

describes the "British preoccupation with Palestine" and the large increase in European books, articles, travelogues and geographical publications during the 18th and 19th centuries.

5548: 2133:. The British, however, made acceptance of the terms of the mandate a precondition for any change in the constitutional position of the Arabs. A legislative council was proposed in 1402:'s efforts to help Jews escape Europe for Palestine, a role many of its members would continue after the brigade was disbanded. Among its projects was the education and care of the 6942: 6511: 1690:

retaliatory hanging of British sergeants by the Irgun, the British announced their desire to terminate the mandate and to withdraw by no later than the beginning of August 1948.

1553:

After the war, 250,000 Jewish refugees were stranded in displaced persons (DP) camps in Europe. Despite the pressure of world opinion, in particular the repeated requests of the

1917: 2680:(most notably the Greek Orthodox Church), as well as Jewish private and Zionist organisations, and to lesser degree by small minorities of Baháʼís, Samaritans and Circassians. 974:

In October 1923, Britain provided the League of Nations with a report on the administration of Palestine for the period 1920–1922, which covered the period before the mandate.

6243:

of the Ottoman Army, which identified Palestine as a region including the sanjaqs of Akka (the Galilee), the Sanjaq of Nablus, and the Sanjaq of Jerusalem (Kudus Sherif), see

5528:

There were several attempts by the Arab Palestinians to establish an Arab higher education institution, starting from the 1920s, but it did not materialise. Israeli historian

2348:

The Ottoman Press Law, which mandated licensing and the submission of translations to government authorities, was adopted by the British, but they rarely interfered until the

8498:

See paragraphs 49, 70, and 129 of the International Court of Justice Advisory Opinion, Legal Consequences of the Construction of a Wall in the Occupied Palestinian Territory

8381: 6180:

p.259-287, document in detail the usage of the term Palestine by native Palestinians from the moment the printing press was introduced into the area in the late 19th century.

1651:

in Jerusalem, the southern wing of which was the headquarters of the British administration, killing 92 people. Following the bombing, the British Government began interning

1348:

newspaper, volunteered to join and fight for the British, with many serving in units that also included Jews from Palestine. 120 Palestinian women also served as part of the

7179:, while the Peel Commission was convening in 1937: "We shall spread in the whole country in the course of time ….. this is only an arrangement for the next 25 to 30 years." 7913: 7868: 12922: 9047: 7327: 3313:

sub-District, new agreements for sale of land other than to a Palestinian Arab were forbidden without the High Commissioner's permission. In Zone "B", which included the

1747:

of race, religion or gender. The UN General Assembly is only granted the power to make recommendations; therefore, UNGAR 181 was not legally binding. Both the US and the

1105:

The attacks on the Jewish population by Arabs had three lasting effects: firstly, they led to the formation and development of Jewish underground militias, primarily the

924:

and Muslim leader. As Grand Mufti, as well as in the other influential positions that he held during this period, al-Husseini played a key role in violent opposition to

8217: 796:, a Zionist and a recent British cabinet minister, arrived in Palestine on 20 June 1920 to take up his appointment from 1 July. Samuel established his headquarters and 5702: 686:" (سوريا الجنوبية) as the Arabic name instead. The British authorities rejected this proposal; according to the Minutes of the Ninth Session of the League of Nations' 1711:

These events were the decisive factors that forced Britain to announce their desire to terminate the Palestine Mandate and place the Question of Palestine before the

7211: 2630:. It envisioned going far beyond any boundaries contained in the existing partition proposals and planned the conquest of the Galilee, the West Bank, and Jerusalem. 6247: 5717: 6418: 5833: 2452:), established since the 1870s. With the establishment of the Mandate, the Jewish community in Palestine formed the Zionist Commission to represent its interests. 1013:

patrol hunting fruit thieves and a policeman was killed. Following the incident, British colonial police launched a search and surrounded al-Qassam in a cave near

7511: 5383: 5275:

whereby all matters of a religious nature and personal status were within the jurisdiction of Muslim courts and the courts of other recognised religions, called

6136:

Legal Consequences of the Construction of a Wall in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, Advisory Opinion of 9 July 2004, 2004 International Court of Justice 63.

13215: 11327: 11026: 9352:

Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry on Jewish Problems in Palestine and Europe, J. V. W. Shaw, General Assembly, Special Committee on Palestine, United Nations

9331: 1975:

Over the next few days, approximately 700 Lebanese, 1,876 Syrian, 4,000 Iraqi, and 2,800 Egyptian troops crossed over the borders into Palestine, starting the

9438: 7997: 13235: 6872: 1214: 722:

For the period of Palestine's history between the fall of the Ottoman Empire in 1917–18 and the beginning of British civil administration in July 1920, see

11781: 10798: 10590:

Bar-Yosef, Eitan. "Bonding with the British: Colonial Nostalgia and the Idealization of Mandatory Palestine in Israeli Literature and Culture after 1967."

1078:

and Hebron. British forces, supported by 6,000 armed Jewish auxiliary police, suppressed the widespread riots with overwhelming force. The British officer

2352:, which saw violent confrontations between Arabs and Zionists, and led to a radicalization of Arab newspapers. One outspoken newspaper was established in 13210: 8141: 3338: 734: 1913:

that the state had been proclaimed "within the frontiers approved by the General Assembly of the United Nations in its Resolution of November 29, 1947".

1129: 89: 13230: 6395:, 2002: "The first were the nationalists, who in 1918 formed the first Muslim-Christian associations to protest against the Jewish national home" p.558 2575:

The United Nations Special Committee on Palestine said the Jewish National Home, which derived from the formulation of Zionist aspirations in the 1897

2212: 1727:, Guatemala, Netherlands, Peru, Sweden, and Uruguay) recommended the creation of independent Arab and Jewish states, with Jerusalem to be placed under 10632: 8267: 2378:

became the two most prominent dailies during the mandate period, and a rivalry developed between the two, which led to improvements in their quality.

2265:. Most of these initiatives were contained and defeated by notables in the pay of the Mandatory Administration, particularly the mufti and his cousin 13185: 12495: 11097: 10938: 7049: 1870:, an airbase close to Haifa, to cover their retreat, leaving behind a volunteer police force to maintain order. The city was quickly captured by the 1039:

The death of al-Qassam on 20 November 1935 generated widespread outrage in the Arab community. Huge crowds accompanied Qassam's body to his grave in

250: 8055: 2106:, and to have their own State." The Court said that specific guarantees regarding freedom of movement and access to the Holy Sites contained in the 1297:

victory as the likely outcome and a way of securing Palestine back from the Zionists and the British. Even though Arabs were not highly regarded by

1090:; these "scored significant successes against the Arab rebels in the lower Galilee and in the Jezreel valley" by conducting raids on Arab villages. 10933: 9397:

Ownership of land in Palestine, Share of Palestinan (sic) Arabs and Jews as of 1 April 1943, prepared by the British Mandate for the United Nations

9383: 7176: 5823: 5259: 1531:

by a Soviet submarine in February 1942 with the loss of nearly 800 lives. The last refugee boats to try to reach Palestine during the war were the

654:

In 1926, the British authorities formally decided to use the traditional Arabic equivalent to the English name, and its Hebrew transcription i.e.

182: 30:

This article is about the geopolitical entity. For the document granting Britain a mandate over both Palestine and the Emirate of Transjordan, see

13089:

Claimed in 1908; territory formed 1962; overlaps portions of Argentine and Chilean claims, borders not enforced but claim not renounced under the

9547: 9481: 8998: 8461: 7730: 6624: 6476: 6070: 2438:, the southern part of Ottoman Syria, containing a mixed population of Muslims, Christians, Jews and Druze. In this period, the Jewish community ( 11121: 9519: 8806: 7531: 6446: 5506: 763: 8509:

and PAUL J. I. M. DE WAART (2005). "International Court of Justice Firmly Walled in the Law of Power in the Israeli–Palestinian Peace Process."

2671: 1932:, left the city for Haifa, where he was to leave the country by sea. The Jewish leadership, led by the future Prime Minister, David Ben-Gurion, 1681:

The negative publicity resulting from the situation in Palestine caused the Mandate to become widely unpopular in Britain itself and caused the

7263: 6794: 6512:

https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/culture/2012-04-24/ty-article/a-colonial-room-with-a-view-of-Jerusalem/0000017f-deec-db22-a17f-fefd9e520000

5838: 1638: 1141:

proposed a partition between a small Jewish state, whose Arab population would have to be transferred, and an Arab state to be attached to the

7952: 7326:

Aderet, Ofer. "12,000 Palestinians Fought for U.K. in WWII alongside Jewish Volunteers, Historian Finds." Haaretz.com. Haaretz, May 31, 2019.

1121:

1936–39, and were in effect without a unified leadership. Indeed, it might be argued that they were virtually without any leadership at all."

12654: 10832: 10770: 9717: 9663: 9399: 5732: 2258: 2138: 1243: 1074:

After the Arab rejection of the Peel Commission recommendation, the revolt resumed in autumn 1937. Over the next 18 months, the British lost

1071:

among the Palestinian Arabs, Raghib Nashashibi was forced to flee to Egypt after several assassination attempts ordered by Amin al-Husseini.

953: 582: 5592: 2203:

to become Grand Mufti, although he was young and had received the fewest votes from Jerusalem's Islamic leaders. One of the mufti's rivals,

13082: 13065: 12943: 2690:

According to Clifford A. Wright, by the end of the British Mandate period in 1948, Jewish farmers cultivated 425,450 dunams of land, while

9493: 7231: 1758:

The Jewish Agency, which was the Jewish state-in-formation, accepted the plan, and nearly all the Jews in Palestine rejoiced at the news.

1613:. Moyne was the British Minister of State for the Middle East and the assassination is said by some to have turned British Prime Minister 936:

funds, worth annually tens of thousands of pounds, and the orphan funds, worth annually about £50,000, as compared to the £600,000 in the

12534: 11092: 9048:"FRUS: Foreign relations of the United States diplomatic papers, 1937. The British Commonwealth, Europe, Near East and Africa: Palestine" 7935: 2111: 1739: 1183:

as betrayal of the mandatory terms, especially in light of the increasing persecution of Jews in Europe. In response, Zionists organised

594: 10673:

Roberts, Nicholas E. "Re‐Remembering the Mandate: Historiographical Debates and Revisionist History in the Study of British Palestine."

8300: 6663: 12224: 12218: 11320: 11126: 10598: 8896:

Supplement to Survey of Palestine – Notes compiled for the information of the United Nations Special Committee on Palestine – June 1947

8794:

Supplement to Survey of Palestine – Notes compiled for the information of the United Nations Special Committee on Palestine – June 1947

7255: 6116: 4127: 4066: 2975: 2940: 1841: 5254:

Under the terms of the August 1922 Palestine Order in Council, the Mandate territory was divided into administrative regions known as

823:, remained in use as the headquarters and official residence of the British High Commissioners until the end of British rule in 1948. 12280: 11033: 9311: 6327: 3861: 3805: 3045: 2819: 2787: 2637:

was adopted as the platform of the World Zionist Organisation. It demanded "that Palestine be established as a Jewish Commonwealth".

2199:). In dealings with the Palestinian Arabs, the British negotiated with the elite rather than the middle or lower classes. They chose 896:

In May 1921, following a disturbance between rival Jewish left-wing protestors and then attacks by Arabs on Jews, almost 100 died in

759: 687: 11053: 10791: 4007: 2905: 2367: 2144:

The terms of the mandate required the establishment of self-governing institutions in both Palestine and Transjordan. In 1947, the

2015:

Arab Higher Committee representing the Jews and the Arabs respectively, had grown to be parallel governments themselves, a case of

1790: 1765:

on November and December 1947, the Arab League then adopted a series of resolutions endorsing a military solution to the conflict.

590: 9496:

A Survey of Palestine: Prepared in December, 1945 and January, 1946 for the Information of the Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry

9356:

A Survey of Palestine: Prepared in December, 1945 and January, 1946 for the Information of the Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry

13225: 10827: 8183: 6846: 5460: 4038: 3777: 2924: 2771: 2283: 1606: 723: 645: 420: 10688: 8867:

A Survey of Palestine: Prepared in December 1945 and January 1946 for the Information of the Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry

8853:

A Survey of Palestine: Prepared in December 1945 and January 1946 for the Information of the Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry

8410: 7846: 13170: 12128: 11048: 8457: 8363:"Plan of partition - Summary of the UK Palestine Royal Commission (Peel Commission) report - League of Nations/Non-UN document" 3951: 3920: 3892: 3833: 3718: 3018:

The table below shows the land ownership of Palestine by large Jewish Corporations (in square kilometres) on 31 December 1945.

2873: 2854: 2838: 2803: 2736: 2567:, by the Government of His Britannic Majesty, and adopted by the said Powers, in favour of the establishment in Palestine of a 1330:. On the other hand, as many as 12,000 Palestinian Arabs, with the endorsement of many prominent figures such as the mayors of 1095: 1034: 586: 8502: 8482: 8224: 4215:

The table below shows the population of the municipal areas of Palestine in 1922, at the start of the mandate period, per the

13205: 12489: 11313: 10697:

Shelef, Nadav G. "From 'Both Banks of the Jordan' to the 'Whole Land of Israel:' Ideological Change in Revisionist Zionism."

10572: 10546: 10518: 10492: 10464: 10429: 10408: 10382: 10343: 10286: 10258: 10230: 10195: 10156: 10119: 10088: 10056: 10028: 10002: 9974: 9939: 9914: 9886: 9861: 9839: 9813: 9781: 9503: 9367: 9254: 9219: 9107: 9086: 9035: 8919: 8839: 8444: 8346: 8125: 8079: 7981: 7897: 7802: 7777: 7731:"UNITED NATIONS CONCILIATION COMMISSION FOR PALESTINE A/AC.25/W/19 30 July 1949: (Working paper prepared by the Secretariat)" 7707: 7637: 7568: 7413: 7355: 7306: 7196: 7146: 7113: 7082: 6992: 6856: 6569: 6544: 6277: 6244: 6213: 6172: 6097: 4155: 3749: 3264:

Data is from Survey of Palestine (vol. II, p. 566). By the end of 1946, Jewish ownership had increased to 1624 km.

2991: 2755: 1969: 610: 447: 1735:) supported the creation of a single federal state containing both Jewish and Arab constituent states. Australia abstained. 1102:

security arrangements with the Jewish Agency, the British confiscated 13,200 firearms from Arabs and 521 weapons from Jews.

13200: 13195: 13190: 12827: 12437: 11663: 6378: 5557: 3376:

area and the region south and east of it), as well as Jews (who accounted for some 11% of the total) and smaller groups of

1933: 964: 2563:

Whereas the Principal Allied Powers have also agreed that the Mandatory should be responsible for putting into effect the

2178:

against the British Mandate by Arab women. The sign reads "No dialogue, no negotiations until termination of the Mandate."

13240: 13165: 12767: 11549: 11434: 11156: 10784: 9351: 8052:"'U.N. Resolution 181 (II). Future Government of Palestine, Part 1-A, Termination of Mandate, Partition and Independence" 5828: 5808: 5798: 2568: 2134: 1957: 1694: 1562: 842: 793: 312: 202: 7215: 6429: 830:

The formal transfer of Jerusalem to British rule, with a "native priest" reading the proclamation from the steps of the

13220: 12485: 10968: 10538: 10080: 9318:– Map prepared by the Government of Palestine on the instructions of the UN Ad Hoc Committee on the Palestine Question. 3425: 3400: 1844:

broke out between the Arab and Jewish communities, and British authority began to break down. On 16 December 1947, the

886: 633: 543: 78: 10666:

Ravndal, Ellen Jenny. "Exit Britain: British Withdrawal From the Palestine Mandate in the Early Cold War, 1947–1948",

8077:

U.N. Resolution 181 (II). Future Government of Palestine, Part 1-A, Termination of Mandate, Partition and Independence

5748: 72: 12647: 11840: 9579: 7472: 5803: 5647: 5321: 3393: 2655: 2278: 2246: 2098: 997: 17: 10021:

Allenby in Palestine: The Middle East Correspondence of Field Marshal Viscount Allenby June 1917 – October 1919

8934:

See History of Zionism (1600–1918), Volume I, Nahum Sokolow, 1919 Longmans, Green, and Company, London, pp. xxiv–xxv

7998:"British Forces in Jerusalem Alerter Following Haifa Victory; Fear Haganah Raid on City – Jewish Telegraphic Agency" 6090:

Allenby in Palestine: The Middle East Correspondence of Field Marshal Viscount Allenby June 1917 – October 1919

2604:, proposed solving the Arab–Jewish conflict by partitioning Palestine into two states. The two main Jewish leaders, 12520: 12507: 10869: 10722: 10705: 9494:

prepared in December 1945 and January 1946 for the information of the Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry. (1991).

9435: 9327: 5255: 3661: 2704: 1891: 1386:, with hand-picked Jewish and also non-Jewish senior officers. On 20 September 1944, an official communiqué by the 1001: 10746: 10684:

Sargent, Andrew. " The British Labour Party and Palestine 1917–1949" (PhD thesis, University of Nottingham, 1980)

10678: 9533:

File:J. B. Barron, ed. Palestine, Report and General Abstracts of the Census of 1922. Government of Palestine.djvu

6876: 1761:

The partition plan was rejected by the Palestinian Arab leadership and by most of the Arab population. Meeting in

1495:. Tens of thousands of European Jews escaped the Nazis in boats and small ships headed for Palestine. The British 1390:

announced the formation of the Jewish Brigade Group of the British Army. The Jewish Brigade then was stationed in

13175: 12736: 12467: 11305: 11146: 10222: 9359: 5624: 1652: 1421: 1305:

encouraged Arab support as a counter to British hegemony. On the anniversary of the Balfour Declaration in 1943,

789: 8018: 7089:

Establishing a state …. will serve as a very potent lever in our historical effort to redeem the whole country"

6347: 2583:

In March 1930, Lord Passfield, the Secretary of State for the Colonies, had written a Cabinet Paper which said:

869:

An Arab "protest gathering" in session, in the Rawdat el Maaref hall, 1929. From left to right : unknown –

13030: 12558: 12172: 12066: 11883: 11567: 11065: 7510:

Howard Adelman, "UNSCOP and the Partition Recommendation." (Centre for Refugee Studies, York University, 2009)

7057: 5656: 5577: 5522: 5361: 3429: 2250: 2094: 1594: 1425: 563: 7819: 2309:

in 1914, only two of the three leading newspapers of the Ottoman era were reopened during the mandate period,

1901: 1647:

and carry out several attacks and bombings against the British administration. In 1946, the Irgun blew up the

1193:, a small group of extremist Zionists, staged armed attacks on British authorities in Palestine. However, the 12840: 12604: 12355: 11796:. After recognised independence in 1980, Zimbabwe was a member of the Commonwealth until it withdrew in 2003. 11693: 11625: 6681: 5686: 3356: 1349: 743: 10023:. Army Records Society. Vol. 22. Phoenix Mill, Thrupp, Stroud, Gloucestershire: Sutton Publishing Ltd. 8480:

See the Judgment in "Legal Consequences of the Construction of a Wall in the Occupied Palestinian Territory"

8268:"Palestine Passports Cease to Give British Protection After May Govt. Announces – Jewish Telegraphic Agency" 6092:. Army Records Society. Vol. 22. Phoenix Mill, Thrupp, Stroud, Gloucestershire: Sutton Publishing Ltd. 6071:"League of Nations decision confirming the Principal Allied Powers' agreement on the territory of Palestine" 5782:

Movement and curfew pass, issued under the authority of the British Military Commander, East Palestine, 1946

2543:

In 1919, the general secretary (and future President) of the Zionist Organisation, Nahum Sokolow, published

2073:

surrender of the rights hitherto enjoyed by the non-Jewish communities in Palestine. The draft mandates for

1565:

that 100,000 Jews be immediately granted entry to Palestine, the British maintained the ban on immigration.

13160: 12640: 12090: 12014: 11990: 11984: 11341: 11294: 10953: 10822: 5793: 3403:, of 1931, gave a total population of 1,035,154 of whom 73.4% were Muslim, 16.9% Jewish and 8.6% Christian. 1984: 1965: 1728: 527: 10629: 7046: 3582: 944:

courts in Palestine. Among other functions, these courts had the power to appoint teachers and preachers.

808:

on what was then the northeastern edge of Jerusalem, a building that had been constructed for the Germans

13180: 13057: 12723: 11573: 11003: 10963: 10739: 9773: 8883:

The population of Palestine: population history and statistics of the late Ottoman period and the Mandate

6586:

Confronting an Empire, Constructing a Nation: Arab Nationalists and Popular Politics in Mandate Palestine

6240: 5349: 2601: 2456: 1887: 606: 64: 9544: 9002: 8979:

See the report of the United Nations Special Committee on Palestine, UN Document A/364, 3 September 1947

8039:

The Arab-Israeli Wars: War and Peace in the Middle East from the 1948 War of Independence to the Present

6800: 6628: 6484: 6074: 5671: 2505: 12795: 12572: 12546: 12443: 12212: 11267: 10187: 7734: 6148:

From Coexistence to Conquest, International Law and the Origins of the Arab-Israeli Conflict, 1891–1949

5616: 2675:

Palestinian index of villages and settlements, showing land in Jewish possession as of 31 December 1944

2086: 1644: 1414: 707:; it is not related to the word's more commonplace usage as a synonym for "compulsory" or "necessary". 622: 461: 58: 8810: 7535: 6450: 6015: 5407: 2398:, emergency laws were enacted and the British closed almost all the newspapers, with the exception of 1454:

ship, one of several Haganah ships that carried Jewish immigrants from Europe, mostly illegal, at the

13086:; Ascension Island (1922–) and Tristan da Cunha (1938–) were previously dependencies of Saint Helena. 12729: 12685: 12407: 12118: 11793: 11763: 11521: 7653:

Sarsar, Saliba (2004). "The question of Palestine and United States behavior at the United Nations".

1976: 1323: 1169: 913: 801: 704: 555: 344: 103: 8287:(1992). "Expulsion of the Palestinians." Institute for Palestine Studies, this edition 2001, p. 175. 7953:"Violence Ebbs; British Police Withdrawn from Tel Aviv and Its Environs – Jewish Telegraphic Agency" 3022:

Land ownership of Palestine by large Jewish Corporations (in square kilometres) on 31 December 1945

2448:), which had existed for centuries, and the newly established agricultural Zionist communities (the 12910: 12618: 12565: 12473: 12431: 12395: 12349: 11964: 11613: 11555: 11172: 11167: 10998: 10296:

Louis, Wm. Roger (1969). "The United Kingdom and the Beginning of the Mandates System, 1919–1922".

10038: 9431: 8307:"In 1948 half of Palestine's 1.4 million Arabs were uprooted from their homes and became refugees". 7430: 7172: 7169: 6780: 6776: 5709: 5554: 4216: 2665: 2191:

and local muftis. In Ottoman times, these duties had been fulfilled by the Imperial bureaucracy in

1961: 1926: 1667: 1648: 1319: 909: 597:

to divide the territory into two states, one Arab and one Jewish, was passed in November 1947. The

546:

that it would honour Arab independence in case of a revolt but, in the end, the United Kingdom and

9455: 9396: 9271: 9137:

See Foreign relations of the United States, 1946, The Near East and Africa Volume VII, pp. 692–693

8338:

Zionism's Maritime Revolution: The Yishuv's Hold on the Land of Israel's Sea and Shores, 1917–1948

2660: 1894:

passed the necessary legislation to terminate the Mandate with the Palestine Bill, which received

1447: 1113:, which severely restricted Jewish land purchase and immigration. However, with the advent of the 13127: 12959: 12834: 12802: 12783: 12449: 12401: 12343: 12052: 11996: 11372: 11188: 10943: 10837: 10484: 9027: 8664: 5510: 5487: 5456: 5267: 2415: 2161: 2107: 2082: 1834: 1511: 747: 8703:"Anatomy of the 1936–39 Revolt: Images of the Body in Political Cartoons of Mandatory Palestine" 7184:

Expulsion of the Palestinians: The Concept of "Transfer" in Zionist Political Thought, 1882–1948

7134:

Expulsion of the Palestinians: The Concept of "Transfer" in Zionist Political Thought, 1882–1948

1067:

During the first stages of the Arab Revolt, due to rivalry between the clans of al-Husseini and

12598: 12579: 12455: 12419: 12191: 12179: 12078: 11958: 11946: 11834: 11789: 11777: 11408: 11256: 10993: 10456: 9805: 9068:, David Ben Gurion, translated by Aubry Hodes, University of Pittsburgh Press, 1971 pp. 153–157 7629: 5448: 5312: 5276: 2613: 2262: 1953: 1875: 1862: 1845: 1808: 1682: 1634: 1315: 1162: 1158: 1142: 929: 819:

by the Jewish population, this building, located on the 'Hill of Evil Counsel' on the ridge of

662:(פּלשׂתינה) respectively. The Jewish leadership proposed that the proper Hebrew name should be 585:

in both the Jewish and Arab communities. Competing interests of the two populations led to the

327: 238: 8336: 8115: 7971: 7930: 7228: 7157: 7138: 7132: 7103: 6722: 5497:, was as advanced as any other Arab society in the region and considerably more than several. 3396:

of 1922 showed a population of 757,182, of whom 78% were Muslim, 11% Jewish and 10% Christian.

3348: 758:

formed in March 1918 and actively promoted Zionist objectives in Palestine. On 19 April 1920,

13137: 12743: 11898: 11675: 11657: 11466: 11397: 10948: 10928: 9966: 9240: 8909: 8462:– Minutes of the Permanent Mandates Commission/League of Nations 32nd session, 18 August 1937 8297: 8249: 7887: 7558: 7296: 7188: 7182: 6660: 4258: 2311: 2200: 2028: 1407: 1146: 826: 716: 567: 547: 509: 31: 10595: 10364: 10177: 8578:

See Foreign relations of the United States, 1947. The Near East and Africa Volume V, p. 1033

7252: 6203: 6113: 13048: 12866: 12779: 12713: 12691: 12592: 12552: 12461: 12425: 12363: 12288: 11976: 11711: 11705: 11699: 11043: 11008: 8553:"Palestine. The Constitution Suspended., Arab Boycott Of Elections., Back To British Rule" 8316:

Appendix IX-B, 'The Arab Expeditionary Forces to Palestine, 15/5/48, Khalidi, 1971, p. 867.

5764: 5678: 5615:

The surrender of Jerusalem by the Ottomans to the British on 9 December 1917 following the

3364:

In 1920, the majority of the approximately 750,000 people in this multi-ethnic region were

3035: 2618: 2480: 2349: 2317: 2242: 2216: 2204: 1406:. Later, veterans of the Jewish Brigade were to play a major role in the foundation of the 1094:, a Jewish militia group, used violence also against Arab civilians as "retaliatory acts", 1083: 1079: 993: 978: 885:

One of the first actions of the newly installed civil administration was to begin granting

878: 850: 782: 566:

in Palestine. Mandatory Palestine was then established in 1920, and the British obtained a

11275: 9308: 8362: 5861:, but, in later years, a variety of other names and descriptors have been used, including 1025: 157: 8: 12527: 12330: 12237: 12185: 12072: 12060: 12040: 11940: 11731: 11643: 10864: 9854:

The Palestine Triangle: the Struggle Between the British, the Jews and the Arabs, 1935–48

8396: 7666: 6644:"Palestine. The Constitution Suspended. Arab Boycott Of Elections. Back To British Rule" 6041: 5247: 3437: 2642: 2564: 2556: 2069: 1867: 1492: 1463: 1110: 751: 559: 7444: 6779:

were created and equipped with trucks and armoured cars by the British working with the

3372:

population (estimated at 103,331 at the time of the 1922 census and concentrated in the

2110:(1878) had been preserved under the terms of the Palestine Mandate and a chapter of the 1275:, raising a fear that they would conquer Palestine. This period was referred to as the " 750:

in Jerusalem. It was aimed primarily at representative government and opposition to the

700: 12773: 12755: 12695: 12586: 12312: 12274: 12250: 12231: 12122: 11669: 11595: 11561: 11460: 11440: 11366: 11261: 11016: 10894: 10313: 9513: 9377: 9291: 8962: 8944: 8284: 7678: 7622: 7602: 7593:

Roosevelt, Kermit (1948). "The Partition of Palestine: A lesson in pressure politics".

7379: 6310: 5600: 5596: 5420: 5340: 5330: 3436:

Some components such as illegal immigration could only be estimated approximately. The

3322: 2435: 2421: 2208: 2103: 2038: 1673: 1622: 1474:

started shortly thereafter and once the 15,000 annual quota was exceeded, Jews fleeing

1060:, fled to safer areas. The violence abated for about a year while the British sent the 797: 755: 598: 502: 490: 174: 9718:"Why Only a Hebrew University? The Tale of the Arab University in Mandatory Jerusalem" 9120: 7056:, Obtained from the Ben-Gurion Archives in Hebrew, and translated into English by the 1307: 13133: 12719: 12337: 12302: 12034: 11922: 11870: 11864: 11848: 11687: 11681: 11631: 11601: 11531: 11077: 10988: 10685: 10568: 10542: 10514: 10488: 10460: 10450: 10425: 10404: 10378: 10339: 10317: 10282: 10254: 10226: 10191: 10152: 10141: 10115: 10084: 10052: 10024: 9998: 9970: 9935: 9910: 9882: 9857: 9835: 9809: 9777: 9499: 9363: 9295: 9250: 9215: 9103: 9082: 9031: 8915: 8835: 8440: 8418: 8342: 8121: 7977: 7893: 7854: 7798: 7773: 7703: 7682: 7670: 7633: 7564: 7409: 7372:"United States: British Collaboration on Illegal Immigration to Palestine, 1945-1947" 7351: 7302: 7192: 7142: 7109: 7078: 6988: 6852: 6565: 6540: 6294: 6273: 6209: 6168: 6093: 5813: 5464: 5302: 3551: 2664:

Map of Palestinian land ownership by sub-district (1945) originally published in the

2425: 2266: 2145: 1991: 1716: 1704: 1686: 1614: 1479: 1276: 774: 571: 506: 7768:

Stefan Brooks (2008). "Palestine, British Mandate for". In Spencer C. Tucker (ed.).

7247:

Secret World War II documents released by the UK in July 2001, include documents on

1621:

kidnapped, interrogated, and turned over to the British many members of the Irgun ("

1161:

to equivocally approve the Peel recommendations as a basis for more negotiation. In

13090: 13023: 13015: 13007: 12935: 12846: 12814: 12701: 12501: 12413: 12198: 11724: 11717: 11619: 11504: 11449: 11241: 10958: 10528: 10305: 9849: 9434:

of Inquiry), vol. 1, chapter VIII, section 7, Government Printer of Jerusalem, pp.

9283: 9272:"Whose Land? Land Tenure in Late Nineteenth- and Early Twentieth-Century Palestine" 8714: 8514: 8499: 8479: 7662: 6306: 5739: 5452: 5345: 5279:. The High Commissioner established the Orthodox Rabbinate and retained a modified 5243: 2634: 2609: 2518: 2165: 1999: 1980: 1740:

the UN General Assembly, voting 33 to 13, with 10 abstentions, adopted a resolution

1659: 1602: 1504: 1467: 1403: 1311: 1231: 1227: 1198: 1173: 1154: 1114: 1010: 948: 921: 905: 897: 890: 854: 618: 268: 127: 11335: 8076: 6245:

Ottoman Conceptions of Palestine-Part 2: Ethnography and Cartography, Salim Tamari

1279:". This event was the direct cause for the founding, with British support, of the 932:

which had been established by Samuel in December 1921. The Council controlled the

13043: 12820: 12749: 12540: 12479: 12318: 12002: 11904: 11607: 11246: 11087: 10750: 10726: 10709: 10692: 10636: 10602: 10532: 10478: 10419: 10368: 10335: 10329: 10276: 10248: 10216: 10181: 10109: 10074: 10042: 9992: 9960: 9925: 9872: 9799: 9767: 9551: 9442: 9403: 9335: 9315: 9287: 9209: 8506: 8486: 8468: 8304: 8083: 7939: 7697: 7518: 7334: 7259: 7248: 7235: 7053: 6982: 6946: 6937: 6667: 6373: 6354: 6267: 6251: 6162: 6120: 5893: 5878: 5818: 5296: 2597: 2130: 2126: 1945: 1941: 1929: 1910: 1883: 1699: 1558: 1524: 1417: 1298: 1138: 1061: 874: 870: 602: 520: 371: 263: 214: 135: 131: 10218:

From Haven to Conquest: Readings in Zionism and the Palestine Problem Until 1948

6368: 5533:

feared that such a university would enhance the Palestinian national movement."

2269:. A six-month general strike in 1936 marked the start of the great Arab Revolt. 1628: 1149:. The proposal was rejected outright by the Arabs. The two main Jewish leaders, 670:). The final compromise was to append the initials of the Hebrew proposed name, 12928: 12916: 12761: 12377: 12306: 12295: 12084: 12046: 11952: 11916: 11910: 11876: 11414: 11337: 11021: 10889: 10882: 10776: 10173: 10136: 10105: 9956: 8439:

See Defending the Rights of Others, by Carol Fink, Cambridge University, 2006,

7277: 6205:

Hamidian Palestine: Politics and Society in the District of Jerusalem 1872–1908

5912: 5468: 5272: 3416: 3314: 2605: 2302: 2288: 2192: 2122: 2118: 2074: 1937: 1906: 1837:

excluded territories of the Emirate of Transjordan from any Jewish settlement.

1825: 1777: 1769:

announced that the Mandate for Palestine would end at midnight on 14 May 1948.

1724: 1712: 1554: 1379: 1372: 1364: 1235: 1150: 1053: 1044: 858: 846: 831: 815: 683: 667: 539: 531: 524: 365: 107: 10714:

Sinanoglou, Penny. "British Plans for the Partition of Palestine, 1929–1938."

10309: 8518: 6939:

Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization

2547:. He also represented the Zionist Organisation at the Paris Peace Conference. 960:, the results were annulled and a 12-member Advisory Council was established. 865: 13154: 12969: 12789: 11970: 11854: 11209: 10731: 10474: 10212: 10076:

Politics in Palestine: Arab Factionalism and Social Disintegration, 1939–1948

8718: 7674: 6557: 6323: 5433: 5335: 5308: 4122: 3306: 2683:

As of 1931, the territory of the British Mandate of Palestine was 26,625,600

2576: 2522: 2442:) in Palestine was composed of traditional Jewish communities in cities (the 2431: 1663: 1598: 1499:

intercepted many of the vessels; others were unseaworthy and were wrecked; a

1455: 1432: 1194: 937: 820: 551: 386: 10360: 8250:"Our Documents – Press Release Announcing U.S. Recognition of Israel (1948)" 8096: 5560:'s final attacks of the Palestine Campaign gave Britain control of the area. 5529: 3586:

Map of the municipalities in Mandatory Palestine by population count (1945)

2703:

The following table shows the 1945 land ownership of mandatory Palestine by

1536: 1413:

From the Palestine Regiment, two platoons, one Jewish, under the command of

952:

constituted 88% of the population, having only 43% of the seats was unfair.

12999: 12707: 12268: 12262: 12243: 12008: 11743: 11650: 11589: 11583: 11216: 11202: 10902: 10325: 10148: 10048: 9801:

The Claim of Dispossession: Jewish Land-Settlement and the Arabs, 1878–1948

9763: 9024:

Partner to Partition: The Jewish Agency's Partition Plan in the Mandate Era

7070: 7034: 6978: 5693: 4771: 2691: 2491:

conducted campaigns of violence against British military and Arab targets.

2406:, due to the moderation of their tone and the publishing of censored news. 2395: 2149: 1895: 1748: 1586: 1478:

persecution were interned in detention camps or deported to places such as

1466:, the British reduced the number of immigrants allowed into Palestine. The 1383: 1378:

On 3 July 1944, the British government consented to the establishment of a

1268: 1264: 1239: 1190: 1057: 1005: 912:, died in March 1921, High Commissioner Samuel appointed his half-brother, 805: 614: 153: 8617: 5395: 2555:

One of the objectives of British administration was to give effect to the

2517:

Initially, Jewish immigration to Palestine met little opposition from the

1685:

to delay granting the British vital loans for reconstruction. The British

562:

of 1917, in which Britain promised its support for the establishment of a

13116: 12612: 12513: 12324: 11928: 11828: 11543: 11537: 11038: 8911:

The Statehood of Palestine: International Law in the Middle East Conflict

8397:"Summary of the work of the League of Nations, January 1920 – March 1922" 7918:

United States Department of State, Foreign relations of the United States

6263: 5925: 3381: 2479:), 1929 (primarily violent attacks by Arabs on Jews – see 2476: 2306: 2238: 1752: 1436: 1294: 516: 10719: 10702: 10623:

Partition of Palestine, The: Decision Crossroads in the Zionist Movement

10421:

The Balfour Declaration: Empire, the Mandate and Resistance in Palestine

10401:

Britain, the Hashemites and Arab Rule, 1920–1925: The Sherifian Solution

7755: 7105:

Beyond Chutzpah: On the Misuse of Anti-semitism and the Abuse of History

2222:

On the Husseini-Nashashibi rivalry, an editorial in the Arabic-language

1573: 12389: 12370: 12113: 11892: 11511: 11428: 11223: 11082: 10743: 10374: 10111:

Palestinian Identity: The Construction of Modern National Consciousness

9430:(Prepared in December 1945 and January 1946 for the information of the 7606: 7383: 7371: 6057: 5755: 5631: 4853: 4253: 4248: 4238: 2627: 2488: 2444: 2237:

There had already been rioting and attacks on and massacres of Jews in

2155: 2003: 1817: 1732: 1496: 1395: 1387: 1368: 1272: 1185: 1087: 1068: 917: 626: 9242:

Facts and Fables (RLE Israel and Palestine): The Arab-Israeli Conflict

6612:

A Broken Trust: Herbert Samuel, Zionism and the Palestinians 1920–1925

3297:

In February 1940, the British Government of Palestine promulgated the

2434:

by British forces in 1917 found a mixed community in the region, with

1795: 1617:

against the Zionist cause. After the assassination of Lord Moyne, the

13035: 11888: 11637: 11421: 10609:

Britain's Moment in Palestine: Retrospect and Perspectives, 1917–1948

10446: 9931: 9878: 9246: 7973:

Britain's Moment in Palestine: Retrospect and Perspectives, 1917–1948

5576:

with British troops on 11 December 1917 (Allenby was later created a

5573: 5514: 5099: 5058: 4976: 4730: 4402: 4279: 3660:

The following table gives the religious demography of each of the 16

3373: 3310: 2559:, which was also set out in the preamble of the mandate, as follows: 2338: 2334: 2322: 2175: 1995: 1854: 1528: 1518: 1487: 1471: 1335: 1014: 117: 10331:

Righteous Victims: A History of the Zionist–Arab Conflict, 1881–1999

10250:

From Dust to Digital: Ten Years of the Endangered Archives Programme

9079:

Righteous Victims: A History of the Zionist–Arab Conflict, 1881–1999

8999:"PERMANENT MANDATES COMMISSION MINUTES OF THE TWENTY-SECOND SESSION" 8702: 7298:

Germany and the Middle East: From Kaiser Wilhelm II to Angela Merkel

7075:

Righteous Victims: A History of the Zionist-Arab Conflict, 1881–1998

7047:

Letter from David Ben-Gurion to his son Amos, written 5 October 1937

3339:

Demographic history of Palestine (region) § British Mandate era

1888:

statement on 25 March proposing UN trusteeship rather than partition

558:—an act of betrayal in the eyes of the Arabs. Another issue was the 501:

was a geopolitical entity that existed between 1920 and 1948 in the

12963: 12878: 12157: 12109: 11858: 11785: 11771: 11767: 11737: 11525: 10877: 8456:

See the Statement of the Principal Accredited Representative, Hon.

7758:. Encyclopædia Britannica Online School Edition, 2006. 15 May 2006. 5970: 5518: 4935: 4894: 4812: 4689: 4607: 4094: 3119:

Land ownership of Palestine (in square kilometres) on 1 April 1943

2956: 2342: 2293: 2224: 2196: 2050: 1853:

areas became war zones. The British maintained strong presences in

1849: 1515: 1391: 1344: 1247: 1219: 792:

replaced the military administration. The first High Commissioner,

742:

Following the arrival of the British, Arab inhabitants established

381: 273: 10143:

The Iron Cage: The Story of the Palestinian Struggle for Statehood

9832:

How Israel Was Won: A Concise History of the Arab–Israeli Conflict

9121:"Avalon Project – Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry – Chapter V" 8379:

See Papers relating to the foreign relations of the United States

5857:

During its existence the territory was officially known simply as

5646:

The Palestine Archaeological Museum (PAM; known since 1967 as the

5371: 3426:

military conscription imposed on the country by the Ottoman Empire

2257:), which called for a boycott of the British in the manner of the 1643:

The three main Jewish underground forces later united to form the

1082:(who supported a Zionist revival for religious reasons) organised 601:

ended with the territory of Mandatory Palestine divided among the

12872: 12205: 12165: 11758: 11515: 11474: 11134: 10842: 10452:

One Palestine, Complete: Jews and Arabs Under the British Mandate

9927:

Mandated Landscape: British Imperial Rule in Palestine, 1929–1948

9906:

Israel's Secret Wars: A History of Israel's Intelligence Services

8023: 7772:. Vol. 3. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO. p. 770. 6760:

Palestine and the Arab–Israeli Conflict: A History with Documents

6506: 4228: 3411: 3369: 2472: 2461: 2358: 2170: 1871: 1618: 1500: 1399: 1286: 1281: 1106: 957: 941: 925: 778: 746:

in all of the major towns. In 1919 they joined to hold the first

169: 149: 10616:

Mandated landscape: British imperial rule in Palestine 1929–1948

9498:. Vol. 1. Institute for Palestine Studies. pp. 12–13. 6048:

Scan of the original document at the National Library of Israel.

2471:

In response to numerous Arab attacks on Jewish communities, the

1326:, to read out for a radio broadcast to a rally of supporters in 837: 12882: 12257: 12022: 11800: 11402: 11236: 11196: 11139: 10765: 10639:", Washington, D.C., American Council on Public Affairs, (1942) 9664:"Haifa's glass house transparent, but still an Israeli mystery" 9482:

The Political History of Palestine under British Administration

5493: 5311:(1936–1941; knighted in 1938) (afterwards Chief Justice of the 5140: 4648: 4484: 4443: 4263: 3979: 3365: 2889: 2529:

Jewish immigrants were to be afforded Palestinian citizenship:

2500: 2439: 1812: 1755:, who were voting members at the time, voted against the Plan. 1720: 1578: 1331: 1327: 1259: 1179: 1172:

in February and March 1939, the British Government published a

1075: 1049: 996:

arrived in Palestine from Syria, then part of the French-ruled

990: 968: 767: 578: 535: 486: 433: 8749: 6963:

One State, Two States: Resolving the Israel/Palestine Conflict

6848:

Holy War in Judaism: The Fall and Rise of a Controversial Idea

1597:

against the British Mandate in the 1940s. On 6 November 1944,

12383: 12105: 11577: 10178:"The Palestinians and 1948: the underlying causes of failure" 6406:

A History of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict, Second Edition

5663: 5480: 5472: 5017: 4566: 4525: 4361: 4320: 4268: 4243: 3652: 3385: 3377: 3326: 3318: 3302: 3275: 2684: 2484: 2353: 2330: 2326: 1858: 1829: 1820:, the Jewish people had a secured interest in its territory. 1800: 1773: 1762: 1656: 1629:

After the Second World War: Insurgency and the Partition Plan

1610: 1590: 1339: 1302: 1251: 1133:

Jewish demonstration against White Paper in Jerusalem in 1939

1091: 1040: 671: 161: 145: 8144:

Declaration of Establishment of State of Israel: 14 May 1948

7851:

Historical Jewish Press, Tel Aviv University, Palestine Post

788:

In July 1920, a British civilian administration headed by a

11934: 9562: 9560: 8855:. Vol. 1. Palestine: Govt. printer. 1946. p. 185. 8773: 8198:

J. Sussmann (1950). "Law and Judicial Practice in Israel".

8113: 7836:, by H. Duncan Hall, Carnegie Endowment, 1948, pp. 266–267. 6865: 6104:

Allenby to Robertson 25 January 1918 in Hughes 2004, p. 128

5723: 4233: 2509:

Jewish immigration to Mandatory Palestine from 1920 to 1945

2188: 2184: 2085:, signed on 13 July 1878, dealt with religious freedom and 1545:

in August 1944. A Soviet submarine sank the motor schooner

1475: 1420:, and another Arab, were sent to join Allied forces on the 933: 675: 9739: 9545:

The Palestine Order in Council, 10 August 1922, article 11

9189: 8761: 8739: 8737: 8735: 8560: 6183: 6127:, Vol. 11, p. 862, Keter Publishing House, Jerusalem, 1972 2483:) and 1936–1939. Beginning in 1936, Jewish groups such as 1807:

When the United Kingdom announced the independence of the

1485:

Starting in 1939, a clandestine immigration effort called

956:

took place in February and March 1923, but due to an Arab

703:" indicates that the entity's legal status derived from a 9698: 9618: 9102:, by Shlomo Ben-Ami, Oxford University Press, USA, 2006, 8834:, by Caplan, Neil. London and Totowa, NJ: F. Cass, 1978. 8682: 8605: 8535: 8523: 7556: 6357:(Arab Grievances), Held at Geneva from 8 to 25 June 1926, 5444:

other countries, Palestinian Arabs earned slightly more.

1972:

took place both before and after the end of the Mandate.

889:

over key economic assets. In 1921 the government granted

9606: 9594: 9557: 8200:

Journal of Comparative Legislation and International Law

6039: 5968:

A British recruiting poster in Arabic, published in the

5834:

List of post offices in the British Mandate of Palestine

5483:, where many housing projects were built for employees. 3103:

Data is from Survey of Palestine (vol. I, p. 245).

1360: 9100:

Scars of war, Wounds of Peace: The Israeli–Arab Tragedy

8732: 8394: 8185:

Declaration of the Establishment of the State of Israel

7031:

The Continuum Political Encyclopedia of the Middle East

6419:"First Arab Congress 1919 Paris Resolution (in Arabic)" 1921:

Hoisting of the Yishuv flag in Tel Aviv, 1 January 1948

1866:

used in the evacuation of British forces, and retained

1442: 1043:. A few months later, in April 1936, the Arab national 715:

For the background to the creation of the mandate, see

313:

Declaration of the Establishment of the State of Israel

10480:

Land and Power: The Zionist Resort to Force, 1881–1948

9686: 9674: 9630: 9177: 8645: 8633: 8593: 8581: 7655:

International Journal of Politics, Culture and Society

6984:

The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem Revisited

6903: 5348:

founded the Palestine Electric Company (to become the

3317:, eastern Galilee, a parcel of coastal plain south of 2565:

declaration originally made on November 2nd, 1917

2464:. The British authorities offered to create a similar 1944:, on the afternoon of 14 May 1948 (5 Iyar 5708 in the 1338:

and media such as "Radio Palestine" and the prominent

12988: 12121:. Iraq's mandate was not enacted and replaced by the 9207: 9165: 7282:

Mufti of Jerusalem; the story of Haj Amin el Husseini

7016:'Zionists Ready To Negotiate British Plan As Basis', 6915: 6599:

Islamic Endowments in Jerusalem under British Mandate

6560:(2003). "al-Husayni, Amin". In Mattar, Philip (ed.). 6369:"Mandatory Palestine: What It Was and Why It Matters" 2249:. There was also support for the radical nationalist 1772:

Some Jewish organisations also opposed the proposal.

1257:

In 1942, there was a period of great concern for the

1189:, a programme of illegal immigration into Palestine. 916:, to the position. Amin al-Husseini, a member of the 577:

During the Mandate, the area saw successive waves of

10183:

The War for Palestine: Rewriting the History of 1948

9484:, Memorandum to the United Nations Special Committee 7942:, p. 348. William Roger Louis, Clarendon Press, 1984 7020:

Thursday, 12 August 1937; p. 10; Issue 47761; col B.

5901: 5886: 2156:

Palestinian Arab leadership and national aspirations

1742:

recommending the adoption and implementation of the

1289:(a paramilitary group composed mostly of reserves). 928:. In 1922, al-Husseini was elected President of the 10511:

Mandate Days: British Lives in Palestine, 1918–1948

9140: 7889:

Truman, the Jewish vote, and the creation of Israel

7795:

Mandate Days: British Lives in Palestine, 1918–1948

7624:

Truman, the Jewish vote, and the creation of Israel

6987:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 11, 48, 49. 6610:Excluding funds for land purchases. Sahar Huneidi, 3360:

Population distribution near the end of the Mandate

3343: 1510:, killing 267 people; two other ships were sunk by 10370:The Making of the Arab–Israeli Conflict, 1947–1951 10140: 9769:Jordan: A Study in Political Development 1923–1965 7621: 6537:Palestine Jewry and the Arab Question, 1917 – 1925 6239:("Palestine Document") is a country survey of the 5708:Supreme Military Tribunal of the British Mandate, 1568: 1086:of British soldiers and Jewish volunteers such as 8945:"The Avalon Project : The Palestine Mandate" 8097:"President Truman's Trusteeship Statement – 1948" 7097: 7095: 7077:, Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group, p. 138, 6844: 6346:League of Nations, Permanent Mandate Commission, 6114:Article 22, The Covenant of the League of Nations 1398:, and Austria, where it played a key role in the 940:'s annual budget. In addition, he controlled the 246:• Parliamentary body of the Jewish community 234:• Parliamentary body of the Muslim community 13152: 10806: 10654:Britain, Palestine and Empire: The Mandate Years 9991:Gorman, Anthony; Monciaud, Didier, eds. (2018). 8832:Palestine Jewry and the Arab Question, 1917–1925 7932:The British Empire in the Middle East, 1945–1951 7406:The Mauritius Affair, The Boat People of 1940–41 6151:. London, New York: Pluto Press, 2009. 5824:High Commissioners for Palestine and Transjordan 5650:), built in Jerusalem during the British Mandate 3013: 2711:Land ownership of Palestine in 1945 by district 10661:The People's Peace: British history 1945 – 1990 9580:"H.h. Trusted Named Chief Justice of Palestine" 8907: 7969: 7294: 7108:, University of California Press, p. 280, 6873:"Aljazeera: The history of Palestinian revolts" 1017:. In the ensuing battle, al-Qassam was killed. 984: 9990: 9650:Current Flow: The Electrification of Palestine 9346: 9344: 8869:. Vol. 1. Palestine: Govt. printer. 1946. 8755: 7817: 7276: 7092: 7029:Eran, Oded (2002). "Arab-Israel Peacemaking." 6524:Current Flow: The Electrification of Palestine 5839:Postage stamps and postal history of Palestine 5726:in Jerusalem, built during the British Mandate 5455:, and was later absorbed into a newly created 5427:) and Hebrew; the latter includes the acronym 5238: 3270: 2272: 1988:region encompassing Jerusalem and its environs 13216:States and territories disestablished in 1948 12648: 11321: 10792: 10180:. In Eugene L. Rogan & Avi Shlaim (ed.). 9994:The Press in the Middle East and North Africa 9874:The Boundaries of Modern Palestine, 1840–1947 9211:Jewish Property Claims Against Arab Countries 7792: 7770:The Encyclopedia of the Arab-Israeli Conflict 7767: 7699:1948: a history of the first Arab-Israeli war 7695: 6564:(Revised ed.). New York: Facts On File. 6447:"Palestine Through History: A Chronology (I)" 5479:The country's largest industrial zone was in 2698: 2468:but this offer was rejected by Arab leaders. 2022: 1784: 1285:– a highly trained regular unit belonging to 27:British League of Nations mandate (1920–1948) 13236:1948 disestablishments in the British Empire 13083:Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha 13066:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands 12944:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands 9582:. Jewish Telegraphic Agency. 27 October 1936 9406:Survey of Palestine Retrieved 25 August 2014 9382:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 9201: 8334: 6504:'A Colonial Room With a View of Jerusalem' ( 6033: 3670:Demography of Palestine in 1945 by district 2301:After the Palestinian Arab press during the 1833:supported Weizmann's position. However, the 1145:, this emirate also being part of the wider 10044:Battleground: Fact and Fantasy in Palestine 9518:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 9341: 8880: 8197: 8013: 8011: 7914:"The Near East and Africa, Volume V (1947)" 7101: 6973: 6971: 6957: 6955: 6601:, Frank Cass, London Portland, Oregon, 1996 6262: 6160: 5258:and were administered by the office of the 3287:1926 Correction of Land Registers Ordinance 2305:had been suppressed due to the outbreak of 2112:United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine 1209: 595:United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine 13211:States and territories established in 1920 12655: 12641: 11328: 11314: 10799: 10785: 8914:. Cambridge University Press. p. 54. 8218:"Copy of telegram from Epstein to Shertok" 7885: 7749: 7619: 7431:"Who Perished on the Struma And How Many?" 7428: 6550: 6500: 6498: 6496: 6494: 3007:Data from the Land Ownership of Palestine 1639:1947–1948 Civil War in Mandatory Palestine 1491:was spearheaded by an organisation called 339:25,585.3 km (9,878.5 sq mi) 301:• Britain officially assumes control 88: 13231:1920 establishments in the British Empire 11034:Sectarian conflict in Mandatory Palestine 10565:Les frontières de la Palestine, 1914–1947 10562: 10534:The Land Question in Palestine, 1917–1939 10274: 9661: 9612: 9600: 9566: 9338:Survey of Palestine Retrieved 4 July 2015 9276:British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies 9214:. Columbia University Press. p. 24. 7853:. 9 April 1946. p. 3. Archived from 7592: 7322: 7320: 7318: 6295:"ZIONIST VISIONS OF PALESTINE, 1917–1936" 3279:Land classification as prescribed in 1940 3109: 1968:no longer giving British protection. The 1587:Lehi (Fighters for the Freedom of Israel) 887:concessions from the Mandatory government 13186:Political entities in the Land of Israel 12127:Legitimacy of territorial establishment 9472:(UK government, 1932), Vol I, pp. 61–65. 9208:Fischbach, Michael R. (13 August 2013). 8290: 8210: 8107: 8008: 7583:Article 11 of the United Nations Charter 6968: 6952: 6932: 6930: 6851:. Oxford University Press. p. 192. 6714: 6712: 6539:. London and Totowa, NJ: F. Cass, 1978. 5521:university was founded in 1924, and the 5242: 3581: 3410: 3355: 3347: 3274: 2670: 2659: 2504: 2282: 2169: 1916: 1900: 1794: 1791:End of the British Mandate for Palestine 1672: 1572: 1446: 1359: 1213: 1128: 1024: 864: 836: 825: 733: 632:Mandatory Palestine was designated as a 591:Jewish insurgency in Mandatory Palestine 10828:Occupied Enemy Territory Administration 10508: 10473: 10455:. Translated by Watzman, Haim. London: 10246: 10211: 10172: 10135: 10104: 9955: 9923: 9848: 9829: 9745: 9727:. Institute for Palestine Studies. 2023 9704: 9692: 9680: 9636: 9624: 8937: 8779: 8743: 8688: 8651: 8623: 8611: 8599: 8587: 8566: 8541: 8529: 8450: 7786: 7451:Черноморский Флот информационный ресурс 7366: 7364: 7180: 7130: 6921: 6909: 6897: 6832: 6772: 6745: 6733: 6684:. International Council of Jewish Women 6682:"International Council of Jewish Women" 6491: 6471: 6469: 6385: 6189: 6164:Palestine: A Four Thousand Year History 5461:First Jordan Hydro-Electric Power House 5260:British High Commissioner for Palestine 3415:Arab Christian Palestinian boys at the 2600:, a British Royal Commission headed by 2538: 724:Occupied Enemy Territory Administration 421:Occupied Enemy Territory Administration 14: 13153: 13112:Historical flags of the British Empire 13096:Claimed in 1908; territory formed 1985 10324: 10072: 10018: 9797: 9652:. Stanford: Stanford University Press. 9238: 9183: 9159: 8796:, Gov. Printer Jerusalem, pp. 150–151) 8700: 8639: 8399:. London – via Internet Archive. 8341:. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. 8223:. Government of Israel. Archived from 8120:. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 127. 7873:Foreign relations of the United States 7834:Mandates, Dependencies and Trusteeship 7797:. The Johns Hopkins University Press. 7652: 7534:. United Nations. 1947. Archived from 7315: 7187:, Inst for Palestine Studies, p. 7137:, Inst for Palestine Studies, p. 7069: 6977: 6679: 6556: 6366: 6292: 6269:Palestine A Four Thousand year History 6201: 6195: 6087: 5401:1927 Mandatory Palestine revenue stamp 5377:1927 Mandatory Palestine postage stamp 2062:Passports from the British Mandate era 1591:Irgun (National Military Organisation) 1124: 519:against the Ottoman Empire during the 12987: 12899: 12636: 12145: 11817: 11492: 11385: 11309: 10780: 10527: 10445: 10417: 10398: 10359: 10295: 10278:Law and Identity in Mandate Palestine 9902: 9870: 9762: 9269: 9195: 9171: 9146: 8767: 8627: 8460:, C.330.M.222, Mandate for Palestine 8142:"Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs: 7212:"Why Italian Planes Bombed Tel-Aviv?" 7168:From a letter from Chaim Weizmann to 7153: 6927: 6838: 6820: 6757: 6718: 6709: 6640: 6638: 2494: 2366:) in 1934, which was associated with 2215:, whom the British removed after the 1970:1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight 1840:Immediately after the UN resolution, 1744:Plan of Partition with Economic Union 1394:, near the border triangle of Italy, 448:Jordanian annexation of the West Bank 10670:, (Sept 2010) 21#3 pp. 416–433. 10275:Likhovski, Assaf (8 December 2006). 10037: 8152:from the original on 16 January 2013 8114:Northey, Ruth (project ed.) (2013). 7970:Michael J Cohen (24 February 2014). 7557:Cathy Hartley; Paul Cossali (2004). 7403: 7361: 7295:Rolf Steininger (17 December 2018). 6656: 6654: 6466: 3071:Africa Palestine Investment Co. Ltd. 1443:The Holocaust and immigration quotas 1263:, when the German forces of General 1000:, and organised and established the 965:First World Congress of Jewish Women 12923:Saint Andrew and Providence Islands 11766:. British Cameroons is now part of 9458:. Zionism-israel.com. October 1930. 9001:. LEAGUE OF NATIONS. Archived from 8511:Leiden Journal of International Law 7532:"A/RES/181(II) of 29 November 1947" 7473:"מפקורה SS Mefküre Mafkura Mefkura" 6762:(Sixth ed.). pp. 111–225. 6673: 6526:Stanford: Stanford University Press 5897: 5882: 5829:Israeli Declaration of Independence 5809:History of agriculture in Palestine 5799:Palestinian Citizenship Order, 1925 5338:. In 1950, its name was changed to 3055:Palestine Land Development Co. Ltd. 2569:national home for the Jewish people 2409: 1695:Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry 1653:illegal Jewish immigrants in Cyprus 1563:Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry 1204: 1163:a letter to his son in October 1937 24: 11782:unilaterally declared independence 11477:1708–1757, 1763–1782 and 1798–1802 10583: 10539:University of North Carolina Press 10418:Regan, Bernard (30 October 2018). 10247:Kominko, Maja (16 February 2015). 10081:State University of New York Press 9456:"Hope Simpson report, Chapter III" 8963:"British White Paper of June 1922" 8335:Cohen-Hattab, Kobi (8 July 2019). 8170:Bier, Aharon, & Slae, Bracha, 7667:10.1023/B:IJPS.0000019613.01593.5e 6799:, vol. 3, IDC, archived from 6635: 6367:Rayman, Noah (29 September 2014). 6311:10.1111/j.1478-1913.1994.tb03587.x 5318:Frederick Gordon-Smith (1941–1944) 2228:newspaper in the 1920s commented: 2093:A legal analysis performed by the 1781:Israel. All of it. And for ever." 1731:. Three members (India, Iran, and 1318:sent telegrams of support for the 1254:, inflicting multiple casualties. 1035:1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine 1020: 1009:men engaged in a firefight with a 777:by Arabs on the Jewish village of 738:Palestinians in Jaffa in the 1920s 611:annexed territory on the West Bank 587:1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine 25: 13252: 12989:Antarctica and the South Atlantic 12968:Occupied by Argentina during the 12900: 12146: 10758: 10742:, 41#3 (1926), pp. 384–412, 9066:Letters to Paula and the Children 8557:, 30 May 1923, p. 14, Issue 43354 8037:Herzog, Chaim and Gazit, Shlomo: 6651: 6648:, 30 May 1923, p. 14, Issue 43354 6625:"1922 Palestine Order in Council" 6477:"United Nations Maintenance Page" 6381:from the original on 26 May 2020. 6202:Büssow, Johann (11 August 2011). 6040:Department of Statistics (1945). 5804:History of Palestinian journalism 5648:Rockefeller Archaeological Museum 3293:Land Transfer Regulations of 1940 3290:Land Settlement Ordinance of 1928 2656:Jewish land purchase in Palestine 2649: 2551:Nahum Sokolow, History of Zionism 2279:History of Palestinian journalism 2099:Covenant of the League of Nations 1662:, the UN mediator, in Jerusalem. 1655:. In 1948, the Lehi assassinated 1561:, and the recommendations of the 1462:In 1939, as a consequence of the 998:Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon 785:on Jews, this time in Jerusalem. 678:, within parenthesis (א״י) after 13132: 13123: 13122: 12535:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 10764: 10281:. Univ of North Carolina Press. 9710: 9655: 9642: 9572: 9538: 9526: 9487: 9475: 9462: 9447: 9421: 9409: 9390: 9321: 9302: 9263: 9232: 9152: 9131: 9113: 9092: 9081:, by Benny Morris, Knopf, 1999, 9071: 9058: 9040: 9017: 8991: 8982: 8973: 8955: 8928: 8901: 8889: 8885:. Princeton, N.J.: Darwin Press. 8874: 8859: 8845: 8825: 8799: 8785: 8701:Sufian, Sandy (1 January 2008). 8694: 8657: 8572: 8547: 8492: 8473: 8433: 8403: 8395:League of Nations Union (1922). 8388: 8373: 8355: 8328: 8319: 8310: 8278: 8260: 8242: 8191: 8177: 8164: 8134: 8089: 8070: 8044: 8031: 7892:. Hoover Press. pp. 60–61. 7560:Survey of Arab-Israeli Relations 7301:. Berghahn Books. pp. 55–. 6597:For details see Yitzhak Reiter, 6562:Encyclopedia of the Palestinians 5775: 5763: 5747: 5731: 5716: 5701: 5685: 5670: 5655: 5639: 5623: 5608: 5585: 5565: 5547: 5406: 5394: 5382: 5370: 3384:, Egyptians, Copts, Greeks, and 3344:British censuses and estimations 2129:and British promises during the 2049: 2037: 1905:On the day of its proclamation, 1813:Hashemite Kingdom of Transjordan 1096:attacking marketplaces and buses 646:Timeline of the name "Palestine" 466: 452: 438: 413: 71: 57: 10223:Institute for Palestine Studies 9755: 9360:Institute for Palestine Studies 8898:, Gov. Printer Jerusalem, p. 18 8024:Parliamentary Debates (Hansard) 7990: 7963: 7945: 7924: 7906: 7879: 7861: 7839: 7826: 7811: 7761: 7723: 7689: 7646: 7628:. Hoover Institution. pp. 7613: 7586: 7577: 7550: 7524: 7504: 7491: 7465: 7437: 7422: 7397: 7340: 7288: 7270: 7241: 7222: 7204: 7177:High Commissioner for Palestine 7162: 7121: 7063: 7040: 7023: 7010: 6891: 6826: 6814: 6786: 6766: 6751: 6739: 6727: 6696: 6661:Legislative Council (Palestine) 6617: 6604: 6591: 6578: 6529: 6516: 6439: 6411: 6398: 6360: 6340: 6317: 6286: 6272:. Zed Books. pp. 242–245. 6256: 6229: 6154: 6043:Village Statistics, April, 1945 5988: 5978: 5962: 5953: 5931: 5918: 5423:" is shown in English, Arabic ( 3368:-speaking Muslims, including a 3332: 3309:, and the northern part of the 3284:Land Transfer Ordinance of 1920 1670:, was one of the conspirators. 1605:(members of Lehi) assassinated 1569:Beginning of Zionist insurgency 1355: 1244:attacked Palestine from the air 1242:. Within a month, the Italians 1029:Arab revolt against the British 13226:1948 disestablishments in Asia 13031:Australian Antarctic Territory 11887:since 1965 (before as part of 11884:British Indian Ocean Territory 11770:, while Tanganyika is part of 11401:since 1960 (before as part of 9997:. Edinburgh University Press. 9909:. Morris, Benny. Grove Press. 8411:"Internet History Sourcebooks" 8174:, Mazo Publishers, 2006, p. 49 7058:Institute of Palestine Studies 7037:. New York: Continuum, p. 122. 6393:A History of Islamic Societies 6139: 6130: 6107: 6081: 6063: 6051: 6008: 5851: 5523:Hebrew University of Jerusalem 5457:Palestine Electric Corporation 5362:Economy of Mandatory Palestine 4210: 3577: 3380:, Syrians, Sudanese, Somalis, 3352:Street in As-Salt in the 1920s 2549: 2545:History of Zionism (1600–1918) 2263:fight the British and the Jews 2247:Young Men's Muslim Association 2135:The Palestine Order in Council 2095:International Court of Justice 1990:(in response to the Haganah's 781:. In April, there was another 544:McMahon–Hussein Correspondence 13: 1: 13171:Former countries in West Asia 10563:Vareilles, Guillaume (2010). 10114:. Columbia University Press. 10019:Hughes, Matthew, ed. (2004). 7563:. Routledge. pp. 52–53. 7262:. A German task force led by 6936:Louis, William Roger (2006). 6123:and "Mandate for Palestine", 6088:Hughes, Matthew, ed. (2004). 6060:, retrieved 19 February 2024. 6001: 5413:1927 Mandatory Palestine coin 5389:1941 Mandatory Palestine coin 3651: Nomadic regions in the 3087:Palestine Kupat Am. Bank Ltd. 3079:Bayside Land Corporation Ltd. 3014:Land ownership by corporation 2207:, had already been appointed 2102:their territory, to exercise 1966:Mandatory Palestine passports 1350:Auxiliary Territorial Service 813:of Jerusalem. Referred to as 744:Muslim-Christian Associations 688:Permanent Mandates Commission 13206:1920s establishments in Asia 11342:British Overseas Territories 10823:Sinai and Palestine campaign 10771:British Mandate of Palestine 9288:10.1080/13530194.2013.878518 9239:Wright, Clifford A. (2015). 8707:Journal of Palestine Studies 8382:"The Paris Peace Conference" 7976:. Routledge. pp. 481–. 7477:Haapalah Aliyah Bet Database 7102:Finkelstein, Norman (2005), 6588:, I.B.Tauris, 2006 pp. 31–32 6348:Minutes of the Ninth Session 5871:British Mandate of Palestine 5794:Mandatory Palestine passport 5500: 2261:. Some took to the hills to 1729:international administration 1226:On 10 June 1940, during the 985:1930s: Arab armed insurgency 773:In March 1920, there was an 768:Palestinian Jewish community 639: 7: 13201:1940s in the British Empire 13196:1930s in the British Empire 13191:1920s in the British Empire 13058:British Antarctic Territory 12768:Western Pacific Territories 12662: 11004:Jewish Supernumerary Police 10939:Assembly of Representatives 10740:Political Science Quarterly 10630:British Policy in Palestine 9924:El-Eini, Roza I.M. (2006). 9774:Martinus Nijhoff Publishers 9309:Land Ownership of Palestine 7847:"The Mandate is Indivisble" 7429:Aroni, Samuel (2002–2007). 5902: 5887: 5787: 5507:Assembly of Representatives 5350:Israel Electric Corporation 5239:Government and institutions 3271:List of Mandatory land laws 3127:Arab / non-Jewish ownership 2457:Jewish Agency for Palestine 2273:Palestinian Arab journalism 2009: 1458:, Mandatory Palestine, 1947 1424:, having taken part in the 977:In August 1929, there were 764:Assembly of Representatives 607:Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan 251:Assembly of Representatives 94:Mandatory Palestine in 1946 10: 13257: 13241:Yishuv during World War II 13166:League of Nations mandates 12796:Gilbert and Ellice Islands 12213:British Arctic Territories 11493: 11386: 10483:. trans. William Templer. 10399:Paris, Timothy J. (2003). 10298:International Organization 10188:Cambridge University Press 9662:Noam Dvir (5 April 2012). 8756:Gorman & Monciaud 2018 8669:National Library of Israel 8146:: Retrieved 10 April 2012" 7869:"The Near East and Africa" 7284:. V. Gollancz. p. 50. 7229:How the Palmach was formed 6845:Firestone, Reuven (2012). 6758:Smith, Charles D. (2007). 6046:. Government of Palestine. 6020:www.royalmintmuseum.org.uk 5738:"Bevingrad" in Jerusalem, 5540: 5359: 5355: 4154: 4126: 4093: 4065: 4037: 4006: 3978: 3950: 3919: 3891: 3860: 3832: 3804: 3776: 3748: 3717: 3556:rate per annum, 1922–1945 3336: 3249: 3235: 3221: 3207: 3193: 3179: 3165: 3151: 3137: 3094: 3086: 3078: 3070: 3062: 3054: 3044: 3034: 2990: 2974: 2955: 2939: 2923: 2904: 2888: 2872: 2853: 2837: 2818: 2802: 2786: 2770: 2754: 2735: 2699:Land ownership by district 2653: 2498: 2419: 2413: 2370:(The Independence Party). 2276: 2159: 2087:civil and political rights 2026: 2023:Palestinian Arab community 1934:declared the establishment 1788: 1785:Termination of the mandate 1645:Jewish Resistance Movement 1632: 1032: 981:in which 250 people died. 920:clan of Jerusalem, was an 721: 714: 710: 643: 623:All-Palestine Protectorate 462:All-Palestine Protectorate 29: 13107: 13076: 13036:Commonwealth of Australia 12994: 12983: 12954: 12906: 12895: 12861: 12668: 12632: 12438:Newfoundland and Labrador 12152: 12141: 12119:League of Nations mandate 12100: 11824: 11813: 11794:Lancaster House Agreement 11764:League of Nations mandate 11753: 11499: 11488: 11392: 11381: 11348: 11290: 11155: 11117: 11110: 11073: 11064: 10981: 10924: 10917: 10860: 10853: 10815: 10310:10.1017/s0020818300025534 9798:Avneri, Aryeh L. (1984). 9550:16 September 2014 at the 9470:Census of Palestine, 1931 9441:12 September 2017 at the 9402:29 September 2018 at the 9052:digicoll.library.wisc.edu 8519:10.1017/S0922156505002839 8172:For the sake of Jerusalem 7886:Snetsinger, John (1974). 7702:. Yale University Press. 7620:Snetsinger, John (1974). 7350:Thomas Dunne Books, 2011 5907:, where "E.Y." indicates 5572:General Allenby entering 4182: 4121: 4034: 3947: 3888: 3745: 3689: 3686: 3683: 3680: 3677: 3674: 3669: 3305:sub-District, and in the 3299:Land Transfer Regulations 3263: 3102: 3006: 2971: 2920: 2869: 2834: 2751: 2081:Article 62 (LXII) of the 1962:British protected persons 1324:Mohammad Amin al-Husseini 914:Mohammad Amin al-Husseini 802:Augusta Victoria Hospital 705:League of Nations mandate 621:, which established the " 482: 392: 380: 360: 350: 343: 333: 326: 322: 309: 299: 286: 282: 256: 244: 232: 224: 220: 208: 198:• 1920–1925 (first) 196: 192: 180: 168: 141: 123: 113: 99: 87: 53: 48: 41: 12566:Turks and Caicos Islands 11873:(protectorate) 1907–1949 11818: 11445:(integrated into the UK) 10999:Jewish Settlement Police 10725:10 November 2019 at the 10691:25 December 2018 at the 10668:Diplomacy and Statecraft 10253:. Open Book Publishers. 9830:Bayliss, Thomas (1999). 9432:Anglo-American Committee 9314:26 February 2024 at the 8908:John B. Quigley (2010). 8719:10.1525/jps.2008.37.2.23 8303:28 November 2022 at the 7938:28 November 2022 at the 7517:19 December 2019 at the 7445: 7253:References: KV 2/400–402 7234:12 December 2019 at the 6945:28 November 2022 at the 6835:, pp. 247, 249, 350 6777:Jewish Settlement Police 6706:, October 1923, p. 1217. 6058:1922 Census of Palestine 5844: 5710:Kiryat Shmuel, Jerusalem 5277:confessional communities 4217:1922 census of Palestine 3664:of the Mandate in 1945. 3430:campaign against malaria 2666:Village Statistics, 1945 2394:. After the outbreak of 2205:Raghib Bey al-Nashashibi 2139:elections to the Council 1668:Prime Minister of Israel 1320:Grand Mufti of Jerusalem 1210:Allied and Axis activity 910:Grand Mufti of Jerusalem 729: 210:• 1945–1948 (last) 12849:1919–1942 and 1945–1968 12674:18th and 19th centuries 12490:Queen Charlotte Islands 12450:North-Western Territory 12422:1665–1674 and 1702–1776 12025:1781–1784 and 1795–1819 11690:1923–1965 and 1979–1980 11373:Commonwealth of Nations 10944:Jewish National Council 10838:Palestinian nationalism 10708:5 November 2019 at the 10601:31 October 2019 at the 10513:. Thames & Hudson. 10509:Sherman, A. J. (1998). 10485:Oxford University Press 9270:Kamel, Lorenzo (2014). 8807:"Jewish Agency History" 8082:29 October 2006 at the 7818:Menachem Begin (1977). 7453:(in Russian). 2000–2013 7446:Подводная лодка "Щ-215" 6793:"The Zionism of Orde", 6666:15 October 2018 at the 6463:The Palestine Chronicle 5888:Filasṭīn al-Intidābiyah 5517:labour federation. The 5511:Jewish National Council 5488:Human Development Index 5486:On the scale of the UN 5451:was founded in 1923 by 5334:was founded in 1932 by 2416:Jewish National Council 2217:Nabi Musa riots of 1920 2187:and the appointment of 2162:Palestinian Nationalism 2117:According to historian 1835:Trans-Jordan memorandum 1799:British troops leaving 1715:, the successor to the 1367:headquarters under the 1218:Australian soldiers in 748:Palestine Arab Congress 505:under the terms of the 13176:20th century in Jordan 12599:West Indies Federation 11788:) and continued as an 11371:Current member of the 10994:Palestine Police Force 10833:Intercommunal conflict 10749:1 October 2018 at the 10718:52.1 (2009): 131–152. 10635:1 October 2018 at the 10567:. Paris: L'Harmattan. 10457:Henry Holt and Company 9871:Biger, Gideon (2004). 9806:Transaction Publishers 9648:Shamir, Ronen (2013). 7793:A. J. Sherman (2001). 7696:Morris, Benny (2008). 7358:p. 523, last paragraph 7173:Sir Arthur G. Wauchope 6961:Morris, Benny (2009). 5950: 5943: 5449:Jaffa Electric Company 5322:Sir William Fitzgerald 5313:Federated Malay States 5265:Britain continued the 5251: 3657: 3591: 150,000 and more 3420: 3361: 3353: 3280: 3110:Land ownership by type 2676: 2668: 2641:accept the subsequent 2590: 2573: 2553: 2536: 2510: 2298: 2235: 2179: 2068:The resolution of the 1954:Palestine Police Force 1922: 1914: 1863:Palestine Police Force 1846:Palestine Police Force 1809:Emirate of Transjordan 1804: 1683:United States Congress 1678: 1635:1947 UN Partition Plan 1582: 1459: 1375: 1316:Joachim von Ribbentrop 1223: 1143:Emirate of Transjordan 1134: 1030: 930:Supreme Muslim Council 882: 862: 845:. From left to right: 834: 739: 697: 564:Jewish "national home" 550:divided what had been 239:Supreme Muslim Council 13221:Sykes–Picot Agreement 12521:Saint Kitts and Nevis 11792:state until the 1979 11398:Akrotiri and Dhekelia 10949:Arab Higher Committee 10736:The Palestine Problem 10701:9.1 (2004): 125–148. 10677:9.3 (2011): 215–230. 10628:Hanna, Paul Lamont, " 10592:Jewish Social Studies 10403:. London: Routledge. 10073:Khalaf, Issa (1991). 9428:A Survey of Palestine 8325:Bayliss, 1999, p. 84. 7875:. 1947. p. 1255. 7857:on 29 September 2010. 7333:27 March 2022 at the 7218:on 21 September 2011. 7181:Masalha, Nur (1992), 7131:Masalha, Nur (1992), 6631:on 16 September 2014. 6522:Shamir, Ronen (2013) 6435:on 25 September 2017. 6293:Caplan, Neil (1994). 6250:27 March 2015 at the 6125:Encyclopaedia Judaica 5945: 5938: 5898:פָּלֶשְׂתִּינָה (א״י) 5467:was founded in 1934, 5303:Sir Michael McDonnell 5246: 3585: 3414: 3359: 3351: 3278: 2674: 2663: 2585: 2561: 2531: 2508: 2414:Further information: 2286: 2259:Indian Congress Party 2230: 2201:Hajj Amin al-Husseini 2173: 2097:(ICJ) noted that the 2029:Arab Higher Committee 2027:Further information: 1977:1948 Arab–Israeli War 1940:, to be known as the 1936:of a Jewish State in 1920: 1904: 1798: 1738:On 29 November 1947, 1677:The UN Partition Plan 1676: 1576: 1450: 1408:Israel Defense Forces 1363: 1314:and Foreign Minister 1267:advanced east across 1217: 1147:Mandate for Palestine 1132: 1028: 868: 840: 829: 737: 717:Mandate for Palestine 692: 583:nationalist movements 568:Mandate for Palestine 556:Sykes–Picot Agreement 510:Mandate for Palestine 203:Sir Herbert L. Samuel 124:Common languages 32:Mandate for Palestine 13049:Realm of New Zealand 13047:(transferred to the 13034:(transferred to the 12867:Realm of New Zealand 12468:Prince Edward Island 12346:1671–1816, 1833–1960 11093:List of post offices 11083:Anglo-Palestine Bank 11044:1929 Palestine riots 11009:Special Night Squads 10773:at Wikimedia Commons 9334:18 June 2021 at the 9198:, pp. 3–4, 247. 8881:J. McCarthy (1995). 8254:www.ourdocuments.gov 7348:The Second World War 7258:2 April 2014 at the 6208:. BRILL. p. 5. 6161:Nur Masalha (2018). 6119:26 July 2011 at the 6077:on 25 November 2013. 5679:Anglo-Palestine Bank 5595:Watson meeting with 5463:was opened in 1933. 5328:The local newspaper 3180:Cereal (not taxable) 2612:, had convinced the 2539:Jewish national home 2481:1929 Hebron massacre 2350:1929 Palestine riots 2185:religious endowments 1958:Palestinian citizens 1593:movements initiated 1234:declared war on the 1157:, had convinced the 1084:Special Night Squads 1080:Charles Orde Wingate 994:Izz ad-Din al-Qassam 879:Raghib al-Nashashibi 855:Sir Geoffrey Salmond 754:. Concurrently, the 13161:Mandatory Palestine 13080:Since 2009 part of 12972:of April–June 1982. 12559:Trinidad and Tobago 12173:Antigua and Barbuda 12073:Straits Settlements 10808:Mandatory Palestine 10625:(SUNY Press, 2012). 10594:22.3 (2017): 1–37. 9903:Black, Ian (1991). 9856:. London: Deutsch. 9834:. Lexington Books. 9764:Aruri, Naseer Hasan 9725:Jerusalem Quarterly 9125:avalon.law.yale.edu 9030:, Routledge, 1998, 8967:avalon.law.yale.edu 8949:avalon.law.yale.edu 8813:on 15 February 2006 8770:, p. 135, 137. 8630:, pp. 127–144. 8626:, pp. 63, 69; 8513:, 18, pp. 467–487, 8467:3 June 2011 at the 8384:. 1919. p. 94. 8230:on 13 November 2013 7959:. 16 December 1947. 7595:Middle East Journal 7479:. 27 September 2011 7052:12 May 2019 at the 6879:on 15 December 2005 6702:League of Nations, 6192:, pp. 151–152. 5617:Battle of Jerusalem 5491:overmatched by the 5297:Sir Thomas Haycraft 5248:Jerusalem City Hall 3645: less than 500 3550:Average compounded 3438:White Paper of 1939 3120: 3023: 2712: 2643:Morrison-Grady Plan 2557:Balfour Declaration 2211:in 1920, replacing 2070:San Remo Conference 2017:imperium in imperio 1930:Sir Alan Cunningham 1493:Mossad LeAliyah Bet 1464:White Paper of 1939 1125:Partition proposals 1111:White Paper of 1939 947:The 1922 Palestine 762:took place for the 752:Balfour Declaration 560:Balfour Declaration 503:region of Palestine 499:Mandatory Palestine 215:Sir Alan Cunningham 13181:History of Zionism 12232:Cape Breton Island 12123:Anglo-Iraqi Treaty 11965:Unfederated States 11780:Southern Rhodesia 11367:Commonwealth realm 11017:Palestine Regiment 10895:Palestine (region) 10716:Historical Journal 10659:Morgan, Kenneth O. 10652:Miller, Rory, ed. 10646:(1982) pp 388–400. 10618:(Routledge, 2004). 10607:Cohen, Michael J. 10363:(15 August 1994). 9748:, pp. 14, 24. 8782:, p. 386-387. 8569:, pp. 32, 36. 8505:2010-07-06 at the 8485:2011-01-12 at the 8296:Rashid (1997). p. 8117:Whitaker's Britain 8101:www.mideastweb.org 8058:on 7 February 2009 7501:(1982) pp 388–400. 7408:. London: R Lenk. 7376:Miriam Joyce Haron 7346:Corrigan, Gordon. 6775:, p. 85: The 6510:, 24 April 2012). 6353:2011-06-28 at the 5770:1941 currency coin 5742:behind barbed wire 5662:Main post office, 5630:Main post office, 5603:, in December 1917 5601:Mayor of Jerusalem 5597:Hussein al-Husayni 5558:Sir Edmund Allenby 5341:The Jerusalem Post 5331:The Palestine Post 5252: 3658: 3421: 3362: 3354: 3281: 3118: 3021: 2710: 2677: 2669: 2511: 2495:Jewish immigration 2422:History of Zionism 2299: 2251:Independence Party 2209:Mayor of Jerusalem 2180: 2174:A 1930 protest in 2104:self-determination 2056:Biographical pages 1923: 1915: 1898:on 29 April 1948. 1892:British Parliament 1848:withdrew from the 1805: 1679: 1623:The Hunting Season 1583: 1525:torpedoed and sunk 1460: 1376: 1299:Nazi racial theory 1224: 1135: 1031: 967:which was held in 883: 863: 859:Sir Wyndham Deedes 843:Sir Herbert Samuel 835: 798:official residence 794:Sir Herbert Samuel 756:Zionist Commission 740: 599:1948 Palestine war 589:and the 1944–1948 579:Jewish immigration 542:had agreed in the 13146: 13145: 13103: 13102: 12979: 12978: 12911:Providence Island 12891: 12890: 12856: 12855: 12724:Western Australia 12692:Van Diemen's Land 12628: 12627: 12605:Associated States 12303:Columbia District 12137: 12136: 11991:Manila and Cavite 11809: 11808: 11688:Southern Rhodesia 11682:South-West Africa 11632:Northern Rhodesia 11544:Cape of Good Hope 11484: 11483: 11361:Current territory 11303: 11302: 11286: 11285: 11270: 11226: 11219: 11212: 11205: 11191: 11106: 11105: 11078:Palestine Airways 11054:Jewish insurgency 10989:Palestine Command 10977: 10976: 10934:High Commissioner 10913: 10912: 10769:Media related to 10642:Harris, Kenneth. 10621:Galnoor, Itzhak. 10574:978-2-296-13621-2 10548:978-0-8078-4178-5 10529:Stein, Kenneth W. 10520:978-0-8018-6620-3 10494:978-0-19-506104-8 10466:978-0-8050-4848-3 10431:978-1-78663-248-7 10410:978-0-7146-5451-5 10384:978-1-85043-819-9 10345:978-0-679-74475-7 10288:978-0-8078-7718-0 10260:978-1-78374-062-8 10232:978-0-88728-155-6 10197:978-0-521-69934-1 10158:978-0-8070-0308-4 10121:978-0-231-10575-0 10090:978-0-7914-0708-0 10058:978-0-929093-13-0 10030:978-0-7509-3841-9 10004:978-1-4744-3064-7 9976:978-0-385-40401-3 9962:Israel: a history 9941:978-0-7146-5426-3 9916:978-0-8021-1159-3 9888:978-0-7146-5654-0 9863:978-0-233-97069-1 9850:Bethell, Nicholas 9841:978-0-7391-0064-6 9815:978-0-87855-964-0 9783:978-90-247-1217-5 9707:, pp. 29–30. 9627:, pp. 13–14. 9505:978-0-88728-211-9 9418:, Supplement p30. 9369:978-0-88728-211-9 9256:978-1-317-44775-7 9221:978-0-231-51781-2 9108:978-0-19-518158-6 9087:978-0-679-42120-7 9036:978-0-7146-4846-0 9005:on 10 August 2011 8921:978-0-521-15165-8 8840:978-0-7146-3110-3 8691:, pp. 87–90. 8614:, pp. 56–57. 8544:, pp. 33–34. 8532:, pp. 32–33. 8445:978-0-521-02994-0 8348:978-3-11-063352-8 8127:978-1-4729-0305-1 7983:978-1-317-91364-1 7899:978-0-8179-3391-3 7804:978-0-8018-6620-3 7779:978-1-85109-842-2 7737:on 2 October 2013 7709:978-0-300-12696-9 7639:978-0-8179-3391-3 7570:978-1-135-35527-2 7415:978-0-9518805-2-4 7404:Lenk, RS (1994). 7356:978-0-312-57709-4 7308:978-1-78920-039-3 7238:(History Central) 7198:978-0-88728-235-5 7148:978-0-88728-235-5 7115:978-0-520-24598-3 7084:978-0-307-78805-4 6994:978-0-521-00967-6 6858:978-0-19-986030-2 6571:978-0-8160-5764-1 6545:978-0-7146-3110-3 6279:978-1-78699-274-1 6237:Filastin Risalesi 6215:978-90-04-20569-7 6174:978-1-78699-272-7 6099:978-0-7509-3841-9 5944:From Ribbentrop: 5883:فلسطين الانتدابية 5875:British Palestine 5867:Mandate Palestine 5814:Palestine Command 5593:Brigadier-General 5471:in 1927, and the 5465:Palestine Airways 5437:(Land of Israel). 5309:Sir Harry Trusted 5236: 5235: 4208: 4207: 3575: 3574: 3268: 3267: 3107: 3106: 3011: 3010: 2519:Palestinian Arabs 2489:Lehi (Stern Gang) 2426:History of Israel 2267:Jamal al-Husseini 2233:repulsive manner. 2146:Foreign Secretary 1992:Operation Kilshon 1719:. The UN created 1717:League of Nations 1705:US War Department 1615:Winston Churchill 1595:violent uprisings 1512:Soviet submarines 1277:200 days of dread 1170:London Conference 790:High Commissioner 572:League of Nations 507:League of Nations 496: 495: 478: 477: 474: 473: 426: 425: 305:29 September 1923 183:High Commissioner 18:Mandate Palestine 16:(Redirected from 13248: 13136: 13126: 13125: 13091:Antarctic Treaty 13052: 13039: 13024:Falkland Islands 13016:Tristan da Cunha 13008:Ascension Island 12985: 12984: 12936:Falkland Islands 12897: 12896: 12865:Now part of the 12737:Pitcairn Islands 12702:Auckland Islands 12671: 12670: 12657: 12650: 12643: 12634: 12633: 12619:Windward Islands 12573:Vancouver Island 12350:MassachusettsBay 12219:British Columbia 12143: 12142: 11959:Federated States 11815: 11814: 11725:Tristan da Cunha 11694:Southern Nigeria 11626:Northern Nigeria 11505:Ascension Island 11490: 11489: 11446: 11383: 11382: 11357:Former territory 11354: 11330: 11323: 11316: 11307: 11306: 11266: 11222: 11215: 11208: 11201: 11187: 11115: 11114: 11071: 11070: 10929:Mandate document 10922: 10921: 10858: 10857: 10801: 10794: 10787: 10778: 10777: 10768: 10578: 10559: 10557: 10555: 10524: 10505: 10503: 10501: 10470: 10442: 10440: 10438: 10414: 10395: 10393: 10391: 10356: 10354: 10352: 10321: 10292: 10271: 10269: 10267: 10243: 10241: 10239: 10208: 10206: 10204: 10186:(2nd ed.). 10169: 10167: 10165: 10146: 10132: 10130: 10128: 10101: 10099: 10097: 10069: 10067: 10065: 10034: 10015: 10013: 10011: 9987: 9985: 9983: 9952: 9950: 9948: 9920: 9899: 9897: 9895: 9867: 9845: 9826: 9824: 9822: 9794: 9792: 9790: 9749: 9743: 9737: 9736: 9734: 9732: 9722: 9714: 9708: 9702: 9696: 9690: 9684: 9678: 9672: 9671: 9659: 9653: 9646: 9640: 9634: 9628: 9622: 9616: 9610: 9604: 9598: 9592: 9591: 9589: 9587: 9576: 9570: 9564: 9555: 9542: 9536: 9530: 9524: 9523: 9517: 9509: 9491: 9485: 9479: 9473: 9466: 9460: 9459: 9451: 9445: 9425: 9419: 9413: 9407: 9394: 9388: 9387: 9381: 9373: 9348: 9339: 9325: 9319: 9306: 9300: 9299: 9267: 9261: 9260: 9236: 9230: 9229: 9205: 9199: 9193: 9187: 9181: 9175: 9169: 9163: 9156: 9150: 9144: 9138: 9135: 9129: 9128: 9117: 9111: 9096: 9090: 9075: 9069: 9062: 9056: 9055: 9044: 9038: 9021: 9015: 9014: 9012: 9010: 8995: 8989: 8986: 8980: 8977: 8971: 8970: 8959: 8953: 8952: 8941: 8935: 8932: 8926: 8925: 8905: 8899: 8893: 8887: 8886: 8878: 8872: 8870: 8863: 8857: 8856: 8849: 8843: 8829: 8823: 8822: 8820: 8818: 8809:. Archived from 8803: 8797: 8789: 8783: 8777: 8771: 8765: 8759: 8753: 8747: 8741: 8730: 8729: 8727: 8725: 8698: 8692: 8686: 8680: 8679: 8677: 8675: 8661: 8655: 8649: 8643: 8637: 8631: 8621: 8615: 8609: 8603: 8597: 8591: 8585: 8579: 8576: 8570: 8564: 8558: 8551: 8545: 8539: 8533: 8527: 8521: 8496: 8490: 8477: 8471: 8454: 8448: 8437: 8431: 8430: 8428: 8426: 8417:. Archived from 8407: 8401: 8400: 8392: 8386: 8385: 8377: 8371: 8370: 8359: 8353: 8352: 8332: 8326: 8323: 8317: 8314: 8308: 8294: 8288: 8282: 8276: 8275: 8274:. 26 March 1948. 8264: 8258: 8257: 8246: 8240: 8239: 8237: 8235: 8229: 8222: 8214: 8208: 8207: 8195: 8189: 8181: 8175: 8168: 8162: 8161: 8159: 8157: 8138: 8132: 8131: 8111: 8105: 8104: 8093: 8087: 8074: 8068: 8067: 8065: 8063: 8054:. Archived from 8048: 8042: 8035: 8029: 8028: 8027:. 10 March 1948. 8019:"PALESTINE BILL" 8015: 8006: 8005: 8004:. 23 April 1948. 7994: 7988: 7987: 7967: 7961: 7960: 7949: 7943: 7928: 7922: 7921: 7910: 7904: 7903: 7883: 7877: 7876: 7865: 7859: 7858: 7843: 7837: 7830: 7824: 7823: 7815: 7809: 7808: 7790: 7784: 7783: 7765: 7759: 7753: 7747: 7746: 7744: 7742: 7733:. Archived from 7727: 7721: 7720: 7718: 7716: 7693: 7687: 7686: 7650: 7644: 7643: 7627: 7617: 7611: 7610: 7590: 7584: 7581: 7575: 7574: 7554: 7548: 7547: 7545: 7543: 7528: 7522: 7508: 7502: 7497:Kenneth Harris, 7495: 7489: 7488: 7486: 7484: 7469: 7463: 7462: 7460: 7458: 7441: 7435: 7434: 7433:. JewishGen.org. 7426: 7420: 7419: 7401: 7395: 7394: 7392: 7390: 7368: 7359: 7344: 7338: 7324: 7313: 7312: 7292: 7286: 7285: 7274: 7268: 7245: 7239: 7226: 7220: 7219: 7214:. Archived from 7208: 7202: 7201: 7166: 7160: 7151: 7125: 7119: 7118: 7099: 7090: 7087: 7067: 7061: 7044: 7038: 7027: 7021: 7014: 7008: 7005: 7003: 7001: 6975: 6966: 6959: 6950: 6934: 6925: 6919: 6913: 6907: 6901: 6895: 6889: 6888: 6886: 6884: 6875:. Archived from 6869: 6863: 6862: 6842: 6836: 6830: 6824: 6818: 6812: 6811: 6810: 6808: 6803:on 1 August 2014 6790: 6784: 6770: 6764: 6763: 6755: 6749: 6748:, pp. 87–90 6743: 6737: 6731: 6725: 6716: 6707: 6704:Official Journal 6700: 6694: 6693: 6691: 6689: 6677: 6671: 6658: 6649: 6642: 6633: 6632: 6627:. Archived from 6621: 6615: 6608: 6602: 6595: 6589: 6582: 6576: 6575: 6554: 6548: 6533: 6527: 6520: 6514: 6502: 6489: 6488: 6483:. Archived from 6473: 6464: 6462: 6460: 6458: 6449:. Archived from 6443: 6437: 6436: 6434: 6428:. Archived from 6423: 6415: 6409: 6402: 6396: 6391:Ira M. Lapidus, 6389: 6383: 6382: 6364: 6358: 6344: 6338: 6321: 6315: 6314: 6299:The Muslim World 6290: 6284: 6283: 6260: 6254: 6233: 6227: 6226: 6224: 6222: 6199: 6193: 6187: 6181: 6178: 6158: 6152: 6143: 6137: 6134: 6128: 6111: 6105: 6103: 6085: 6079: 6078: 6073:. Archived from 6067: 6061: 6055: 6049: 6047: 6037: 6031: 6030: 6028: 6026: 6016:"Palestine seal" 6012: 5995: 5992: 5986: 5982: 5976: 5966: 5960: 5957: 5951: 5935: 5929: 5922: 5916: 5905: 5903:Pāleśtīnā (E.Y.) 5899: 5890: 5884: 5855: 5779: 5767: 5751: 5740:Russian Compound 5735: 5720: 5705: 5689: 5674: 5659: 5643: 5627: 5612: 5589: 5580:, in April 1919) 5569: 5551: 5453:Pinhas Rutenberg 5410: 5398: 5386: 5374: 5346:Pinhas Rutenberg 4222: 4221: 3667: 3666: 3650: 3644: 3638: 3632: 3626: 3620: 3614: 3608: 3602: 3596: 3590: 3443: 3442: 3166:Cereal (taxable) 3130:Jewish ownership 3121: 3117: 3024: 3020: 2713: 2709: 2635:Biltmore Program 2614:Zionist Congress 2610:David Ben-Gurion 2430:The conquest of 2410:Jewish community 2368:Hizb Al-Istiqlal 2333:, and others in 2287:The Palestinian 2255:Hizb al-Istiqlal 2189:religious judges 2166:Arab nationalism 2123:President Wilson 2108:Treaty of Berlin 2083:Treaty of Berlin 2053: 2041: 2000:Kingdom of Egypt 1986:corpus separatum 1981:John Bagot Glubb 1649:King David Hotel 1603:Eliyahu Bet Zuri 1468:Second World War 1404:Selvino children 1312:Heinrich Himmler 1232:Kingdom of Italy 1228:Second World War 1205:Second World War 1199:Second World War 1159:Zionist Congress 1155:David Ben-Gurion 1115:Second World War 1064:to investigate. 1011:Palestine Police 949:Order in Council 922:Arab nationalist 906:Kamil al-Husayni 898:rioting in Jaffa 891:Pinhas Rutenberg 619:Kingdom of Egypt 581:and the rise of 470: 469: 456: 455: 442: 441: 430: 429: 417: 416: 410: 409: 394: 393: 376: 291: 290:Mandate assigned 269:Second World War 228: 185: 92: 75: 61: 39: 38: 21: 13256: 13255: 13251: 13250: 13249: 13247: 13246: 13245: 13151: 13150: 13147: 13142: 13099: 13072: 13046: 13044:Ross Dependency 13033: 12990: 12975: 12950: 12902: 12887: 12857: 12852: 12808: 12803:Solomon Islands 12750:North Australia 12730:South Australia 12686:New South Wales 12664: 12661: 12624: 12344:Leeward Islands 12148: 12133: 12096: 12003:Muscat and Oman 11820: 11805: 11749: 11495: 11480: 11444: 11388: 11377: 11352: 11344: 11334: 11304: 11299: 11282: 11151: 11102: 11088:Palestine pound 11060: 11027:Italian bombing 10973: 10909: 10849: 10811: 10805: 10761: 10756: 10751:Wayback Machine 10727:Wayback Machine 10710:Wayback Machine 10693:Wayback Machine 10675:History Compass 10637:Wayback Machine 10614:El-Eini, Roza. 10603:Wayback Machine 10586: 10584:Further reading 10581: 10575: 10553: 10551: 10549: 10521: 10499: 10497: 10495: 10467: 10436: 10434: 10432: 10424:. Verso Books. 10411: 10389: 10387: 10385: 10350: 10348: 10346: 10336:Alfred A. Knopf 10289: 10265: 10263: 10261: 10237: 10235: 10233: 10202: 10200: 10198: 10174:Khalidi, Rashid 10163: 10161: 10159: 10137:Khalidi, Rashid 10126: 10124: 10122: 10106:Khalidi, Rashid 10095: 10093: 10091: 10063: 10061: 10059: 10031: 10009: 10007: 10005: 9981: 9979: 9977: 9957:Gilbert, Martin 9946: 9944: 9942: 9917: 9893: 9891: 9889: 9864: 9842: 9820: 9818: 9816: 9788: 9786: 9784: 9758: 9753: 9752: 9744: 9740: 9730: 9728: 9720: 9716: 9715: 9711: 9703: 9699: 9691: 9687: 9679: 9675: 9660: 9656: 9647: 9643: 9635: 9631: 9623: 9619: 9611: 9607: 9599: 9595: 9585: 9583: 9578: 9577: 9573: 9565: 9558: 9552:Wayback Machine 9543: 9539: 9531: 9527: 9511: 9510: 9506: 9492: 9488: 9480: 9476: 9467: 9463: 9454: 9452: 9448: 9443:Wayback Machine 9426: 9422: 9414: 9410: 9404:Wayback Machine 9395: 9391: 9375: 9374: 9370: 9358:. Vol. 1. 9349: 9342: 9336:Wayback Machine 9326: 9322: 9316:Wayback Machine 9307: 9303: 9268: 9264: 9257: 9237: 9233: 9222: 9206: 9202: 9194: 9190: 9182: 9178: 9170: 9166: 9157: 9153: 9145: 9141: 9136: 9132: 9119: 9118: 9114: 9097: 9093: 9076: 9072: 9063: 9059: 9046: 9045: 9041: 9022: 9018: 9008: 9006: 8997: 8996: 8992: 8987: 8983: 8978: 8974: 8961: 8960: 8956: 8943: 8942: 8938: 8933: 8929: 8922: 8906: 8902: 8894: 8890: 8879: 8875: 8865: 8864: 8860: 8851: 8850: 8846: 8830: 8826: 8816: 8814: 8805: 8804: 8800: 8790: 8786: 8778: 8774: 8766: 8762: 8754: 8750: 8742: 8733: 8723: 8721: 8699: 8695: 8687: 8683: 8673: 8671: 8663: 8662: 8658: 8650: 8646: 8638: 8634: 8622: 8618: 8610: 8606: 8598: 8594: 8586: 8582: 8577: 8573: 8565: 8561: 8552: 8548: 8540: 8536: 8528: 8524: 8507:Wayback Machine 8497: 8493: 8487:Wayback Machine 8478: 8474: 8469:Wayback Machine 8455: 8451: 8438: 8434: 8424: 8422: 8415:www.fordham.edu 8409: 8408: 8404: 8393: 8389: 8380: 8378: 8374: 8361: 8360: 8356: 8349: 8333: 8329: 8324: 8320: 8315: 8311: 8305:Wayback Machine 8295: 8291: 8283: 8279: 8266: 8265: 8261: 8256:. 9 April 2021. 8248: 8247: 8243: 8233: 8231: 8227: 8220: 8216: 8215: 8211: 8196: 8192: 8182: 8178: 8169: 8165: 8155: 8153: 8140: 8139: 8135: 8128: 8112: 8108: 8095: 8094: 8090: 8084:Wayback Machine 8075: 8071: 8061: 8059: 8050: 8049: 8045: 8036: 8032: 8017: 8016: 8009: 7996: 7995: 7991: 7984: 7968: 7964: 7951: 7950: 7946: 7940:Wayback Machine 7929: 7925: 7920:. p. 1271. 7912: 7911: 7907: 7900: 7884: 7880: 7867: 7866: 7862: 7845: 7844: 7840: 7831: 7827: 7816: 7812: 7805: 7791: 7787: 7780: 7766: 7762: 7754: 7750: 7740: 7738: 7729: 7728: 7724: 7714: 7712: 7710: 7694: 7690: 7651: 7647: 7640: 7618: 7614: 7591: 7587: 7582: 7578: 7571: 7555: 7551: 7541: 7539: 7530: 7529: 7525: 7519:Wayback Machine 7509: 7505: 7496: 7492: 7482: 7480: 7471: 7470: 7466: 7456: 7454: 7447: 7443: 7442: 7438: 7427: 7423: 7416: 7402: 7398: 7388: 7386: 7378:. JSTOR. 1980. 7370: 7369: 7362: 7345: 7341: 7335:Wayback Machine 7325: 7316: 7309: 7293: 7289: 7275: 7271: 7260:Wayback Machine 7249:Operation ATLAS 7246: 7242: 7236:Wayback Machine 7227: 7223: 7210: 7209: 7205: 7199: 7167: 7163: 7149: 7129: 7126: 7122: 7116: 7100: 7093: 7085: 7068: 7064: 7054:Wayback Machine 7045: 7041: 7028: 7024: 7015: 7011: 6999: 6997: 6995: 6976: 6969: 6960: 6953: 6947:Wayback Machine 6935: 6928: 6920: 6916: 6908: 6904: 6896: 6892: 6882: 6880: 6871: 6870: 6866: 6859: 6843: 6839: 6831: 6827: 6819: 6815: 6806: 6804: 6792: 6791: 6787: 6771: 6767: 6756: 6752: 6744: 6740: 6732: 6728: 6717: 6710: 6701: 6697: 6687: 6685: 6678: 6674: 6668:Wayback Machine 6659: 6652: 6643: 6636: 6623: 6622: 6618: 6609: 6605: 6596: 6592: 6583: 6579: 6572: 6555: 6551: 6534: 6530: 6521: 6517: 6503: 6492: 6487:on 3 June 2014. 6475: 6474: 6467: 6456: 6454: 6453:on 17 June 2011 6445: 6444: 6440: 6432: 6421: 6417: 6416: 6412: 6403: 6399: 6390: 6386: 6365: 6361: 6355:Wayback Machine 6345: 6341: 6322: 6318: 6291: 6287: 6280: 6261: 6257: 6252:Wayback Machine 6234: 6230: 6220: 6218: 6216: 6200: 6196: 6188: 6184: 6175: 6159: 6155: 6145:Victor Kattan. 6144: 6140: 6135: 6131: 6121:Wayback Machine 6112: 6108: 6100: 6086: 6082: 6069: 6068: 6064: 6056: 6052: 6038: 6034: 6024: 6022: 6014: 6013: 6009: 6004: 5999: 5998: 5993: 5989: 5983: 5979: 5967: 5963: 5958: 5954: 5936: 5932: 5923: 5919: 5909:’Eretz Yiśrā’ēl 5856: 5852: 5847: 5819:Palestine pound 5790: 5783: 5780: 5771: 5768: 5759: 5752: 5743: 5736: 5727: 5721: 5712: 5706: 5697: 5690: 5681: 5675: 5666: 5660: 5651: 5644: 5635: 5628: 5619: 5613: 5604: 5590: 5581: 5570: 5561: 5552: 5543: 5503: 5441: 5440: 5439: 5438: 5430: 5426: 5416: 5415: 5414: 5411: 5403: 5402: 5399: 5391: 5390: 5387: 5379: 5378: 5375: 5364: 5358: 5241: 4213: 3656: 3648: 3646: 3642: 3640: 3636: 3634: 3630: 3628: 3624: 3622: 3618: 3616: 3612: 3610: 3606: 3604: 3600: 3598: 3594: 3592: 3588: 3580: 3553: 3544: 3539: 3534: 3529: 3516: 3511: 3506: 3501: 3488: 3483: 3478: 3473: 3346: 3341: 3335: 3323:Zikhron Ya'akov 3273: 3112: 3016: 2728:Public / other 2701: 2658: 2652: 2598:Peel Commission 2541: 2503: 2497: 2428: 2418: 2412: 2281: 2275: 2168: 2160:Main articles: 2158: 2131:First World War 2127:Fourteen Points 2066: 2065: 2064: 2063: 2059: 2058: 2057: 2054: 2046: 2045: 2042: 2031: 2025: 2012: 1946:Hebrew calendar 1942:State of Israel 1911:Harry S. Truman 1884:Harry S. Truman 1876:Battle of Haifa 1868:RAF Ramat David 1793: 1787: 1700:Harry S. Truman 1641: 1633:Main articles: 1631: 1571: 1559:Harry S. Truman 1445: 1437:Abyssinian Jews 1426:final offensive 1418:Ernest Benjamin 1358: 1308:Reichsführer-SS 1238:and sided with 1212: 1207: 1139:Peel Commission 1127: 1062:Peel Commission 1037: 1023: 1021:The Arab revolt 987: 875:Musa al-Husayni 871:Amin al-Husayni 841:The arrival of 800:in part of the 732: 727: 720: 713: 699:The adjective " 664:ʾĒrēts Yiśrāʾel 648: 642: 634:Class A Mandate 603:State of Israel 521:First World War 489: 467: 453: 439: 414: 374: 372:Palestine pound 370: 368: 364: 353: 336: 315: 302: 292: 289: 278: 264:Interwar period 247: 235: 211: 199: 181: 95: 83: 82: 81: 76: 68: 67: 62: 44: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 13254: 13244: 13243: 13238: 13233: 13228: 13223: 13218: 13213: 13208: 13203: 13198: 13193: 13188: 13183: 13178: 13173: 13168: 13163: 13144: 13143: 13141: 13140: 13130: 13120: 13114: 13108: 13105: 13104: 13101: 13100: 13098: 13097: 13094: 13087: 13077: 13074: 13073: 13071: 13070: 13062: 13054: 13041: 13028: 13020: 13012: 13004: 12995: 12992: 12991: 12981: 12980: 12977: 12976: 12974: 12973: 12966: 12955: 12952: 12951: 12949: 12948: 12940: 12932: 12926: 12920: 12917:Willoughbyland 12914: 12907: 12904: 12903: 12893: 12892: 12889: 12888: 12886: 12885: 12875: 12869: 12862: 12859: 12858: 12854: 12853: 12851: 12850: 12844: 12838: 12831: 12824: 12818: 12811: 12809: 12807: 12806: 12799: 12793: 12787: 12777: 12771: 12765: 12759: 12753: 12747: 12741: 12733: 12727: 12717: 12711: 12705: 12699: 12689: 12682: 12679: 12678: 12675: 12669: 12666: 12665: 12660: 12659: 12652: 12645: 12637: 12630: 12629: 12626: 12625: 12623: 12622: 12616: 12610: 12609: 12608: 12596: 12590: 12584: 12580:Virgin Islands 12576: 12570: 12562: 12556: 12550: 12547:South Carolina 12544: 12538: 12531: 12524: 12517: 12511: 12505: 12499: 12493: 12483: 12477: 12471: 12465: 12459: 12453: 12447: 12444:North Carolina 12441: 12435: 12429: 12423: 12417: 12411: 12405: 12399: 12393: 12387: 12381: 12378:Mosquito Coast 12375: 12367: 12361: 12360: 12359: 12347: 12341: 12334: 12328: 12322: 12316: 12310: 12307:Oregon Country 12300: 12296:Cayman Islands 12292: 12286: 12285: 12284: 12278: 12272: 12266: 12254: 12247: 12241: 12235: 12229: 12228: 12227: 12216: 12210: 12202: 12195: 12189: 12183: 12176: 12169: 12162: 12153: 12150: 12149: 12139: 12138: 12135: 12134: 12132: 12131: 12125: 12116: 12101: 12098: 12097: 12095: 12094: 12088: 12085:Trucial States 12082: 12076: 12070: 12064: 12058: 12057: 12056: 12044: 12038: 12032: 12026: 12020: 12019: 12018: 12006: 12000: 11994: 11988: 11982: 11981: 11980: 11974: 11968: 11962: 11950: 11944: 11938: 11932: 11926: 11920: 11914: 11908: 11902: 11896: 11880: 11874: 11868: 11862: 11852: 11846: 11845: 11844: 11832: 11825: 11822: 11821: 11811: 11810: 11807: 11806: 11804: 11803: 11797: 11778:Self-governing 11775: 11761: 11754: 11751: 11750: 11748: 11747: 11741: 11735: 11729: 11721: 11715: 11709: 11703: 11697: 11691: 11685: 11679: 11673: 11667: 11661: 11655: 11647: 11641: 11635: 11629: 11623: 11617: 11611: 11605: 11599: 11593: 11587: 11581: 11571: 11565: 11559: 11553: 11550:Central Africa 11547: 11541: 11535: 11529: 11519: 11509: 11500: 11497: 11496: 11486: 11485: 11482: 11481: 11479: 11478: 11472: 11471: 11470: 11464: 11455: 11454: 11453: 11438: 11435:Ionian Islands 11432: 11426: 11418: 11412: 11406: 11393: 11390: 11389: 11379: 11378: 11376: 11375: 11369: 11363: 11358: 11355: 11349: 11346: 11345: 11338:British Empire 11333: 11332: 11325: 11318: 11310: 11301: 11300: 11298: 11297: 11291: 11288: 11287: 11284: 11283: 11281: 11280: 11279: 11278: 11273: 11272: 11271: 11259: 11251: 11250: 11249: 11244: 11239: 11231: 11230: 11229: 11228: 11227: 11220: 11213: 11206: 11194: 11193: 11192: 11177: 11176: 11175: 11170: 11161: 11159: 11153: 11152: 11150: 11149: 11144: 11143: 11142: 11137: 11129: 11124: 11118: 11112: 11108: 11107: 11104: 11103: 11101: 11100: 11095: 11090: 11085: 11080: 11074: 11068: 11062: 11061: 11059: 11058: 11057: 11056: 11051: 11046: 11041: 11031: 11030: 11029: 11024: 11022:Jewish Brigade 11019: 11011: 11006: 11001: 10996: 10991: 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10003: 9988: 9975: 9953: 9940: 9921: 9915: 9900: 9887: 9868: 9862: 9846: 9840: 9827: 9814: 9795: 9782: 9759: 9757: 9754: 9751: 9750: 9738: 9709: 9697: 9685: 9673: 9654: 9641: 9629: 9617: 9613:Likhovski 2006 9605: 9601:Likhovski 2006 9593: 9571: 9567:Likhovski 2006 9556: 9537: 9525: 9504: 9486: 9474: 9461: 9446: 9420: 9408: 9389: 9368: 9340: 9320: 9301: 9282:(2): 230–242. 9262: 9255: 9249:. p. 38. 9231: 9220: 9200: 9188: 9186:, p. 224. 9176: 9174:, p. 226. 9164: 9151: 9139: 9130: 9112: 9091: 9070: 9057: 9039: 9016: 8990: 8981: 8972: 8954: 8936: 8927: 8920: 8900: 8888: 8873: 8858: 8844: 8842:. pp. 161–165. 8824: 8798: 8784: 8772: 8760: 8758:, p. 106. 8748: 8746:, p. 384. 8731: 8693: 8681: 8656: 8644: 8642:, p. 112. 8632: 8616: 8604: 8592: 8580: 8571: 8559: 8546: 8534: 8522: 8491: 8472: 8458:W. Ormsby-Gore 8449: 8432: 8421:on 8 June 2008 8402: 8387: 8372: 8354: 8347: 8327: 8318: 8309: 8289: 8277: 8259: 8241: 8209: 8190: 8188:, 14 May 1948. 8176: 8163: 8133: 8126: 8106: 8088: 8069: 8043: 8030: 8007: 7989: 7982: 7962: 7944: 7923: 7905: 7898: 7878: 7860: 7838: 7825: 7810: 7803: 7785: 7778: 7760: 7748: 7722: 7708: 7688: 7661:(3): 457–470. 7645: 7638: 7612: 7585: 7576: 7569: 7549: 7538:on 24 May 2012 7523: 7503: 7490: 7464: 7436: 7421: 7414: 7396: 7360: 7339: 7314: 7307: 7287: 7278:Moshe Pearlman 7269: 7240: 7221: 7203: 7197: 7161: 7147: 7128:of Israel." in 7120: 7114: 7091: 7083: 7062: 7039: 7022: 7009: 6993: 6967: 6951: 6926: 6914: 6912:, p. 845. 6902: 6890: 6864: 6857: 6837: 6825: 6813: 6785: 6765: 6750: 6738: 6726: 6708: 6695: 6672: 6650: 6634: 6616: 6603: 6590: 6577: 6570: 6558:Mattar, Philip 6549: 6547:. pp. 148–161. 6535:Caplan, Neil. 6528: 6515: 6490: 6481:unispal.un.org 6465: 6438: 6410: 6397: 6384: 6359: 6339: 6316: 6305:(1–2): 19–35. 6285: 6278: 6255: 6228: 6214: 6194: 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3315:Jezreel Valley 3295: 3294: 3291: 3288: 3285: 3272: 3269: 3266: 3265: 3261: 3260: 3257: 3254: 3251: 3247: 3246: 3243: 3240: 3237: 3233: 3232: 3229: 3226: 3223: 3219: 3218: 3215: 3212: 3209: 3205: 3204: 3201: 3198: 3195: 3191: 3190: 3187: 3184: 3181: 3177: 3176: 3173: 3170: 3167: 3163: 3162: 3159: 3156: 3153: 3152:Rural built-on 3149: 3148: 3145: 3142: 3139: 3135: 3134: 3131: 3128: 3125: 3111: 3108: 3105: 3104: 3100: 3099: 3096: 3092: 3091: 3088: 3084: 3083: 3080: 3076: 3075: 3072: 3068: 3067: 3064: 3060: 3059: 3056: 3052: 3051: 3048: 3042: 3041: 3038: 3032: 3031: 3028: 3015: 3012: 3009: 3008: 3004: 3003: 3000: 2997: 2994: 2988: 2987: 2984: 2981: 2978: 2973: 2969: 2968: 2965: 2962: 2959: 2953: 2952: 2949: 2946: 2943: 2937: 2936: 2933: 2930: 2927: 2922: 2918: 2917: 2914: 2911: 2908: 2902: 2901: 2898: 2895: 2892: 2886: 2885: 2882: 2879: 2876: 2871: 2867: 2866: 2863: 2860: 2857: 2851: 2850: 2847: 2844: 2841: 2836: 2832: 2831: 2828: 2825: 2822: 2816: 2815: 2812: 2809: 2806: 2800: 2799: 2796: 2793: 2790: 2784: 2783: 2780: 2777: 2774: 2768: 2767: 2764: 2761: 2758: 2753: 2749: 2748: 2745: 2742: 2739: 2734: 2730: 2729: 2726: 2723: 2720: 2717: 2700: 2697: 2651: 2650:Land ownership 2648: 2606:Chaim Weizmann 2540: 2537: 2521:. However, as 2499:Main article: 2496: 2493: 2411: 2408: 2303:Ottoman period 2289:Arab Christian 2277:Main article: 2274: 2271: 2193:Constantinople 2157: 2154: 2119:Rashid Khalidi 2061: 2060: 2055: 2048: 2047: 2043: 2036: 2035: 2034: 2033: 2032: 2024: 2021: 2011: 2008: 1983:, entered the 1907:Eliahu Epstein 1826:Resolution 181 1786: 1783: 1778:Menachem Begin 1725:Czechoslovakia 1713:United Nations 1630: 1627: 1570: 1567: 1555:U.S. President 1503:bomb sunk the 1444: 1441: 1380:Jewish Brigade 1365:Jewish Brigade 1357: 1354: 1236:British Empire 1211: 1208: 1206: 1203: 1168:Following the 1151:Chaim Weizmann 1126: 1123: 1045:general strike 1033:Main article: 1022: 1019: 986: 983: 853:, Air Marshal 847:T. E. Lawrence 832:Tower of David 816:Armon HaNetziv 731: 728: 712: 709: 684:Southern Syria 668:Land of Israel 641: 638: 540:United Kingdom 532:Ottoman forces 494: 493: 484: 480: 479: 476: 475: 472: 471: 464: 458: 457: 450: 444: 443: 436: 427: 424: 423: 418: 406: 405: 400: 390: 389: 384: 378: 377: 366:Egyptian pound 362: 358: 357: 356:757,182 (1922) 354: 351: 348: 347: 341: 340: 337: 334: 331: 330: 324: 323: 320: 319: 316: 310: 307: 306: 303: 300: 297: 296: 293: 287: 284: 283: 280: 279: 277: 276: 271: 266: 260: 258: 257:Historical era 254: 253: 248: 245: 242: 241: 236: 233: 230: 229: 226: 222: 221: 218: 217: 212: 209: 206: 205: 200: 197: 194: 193: 190: 189: 186: 178: 177: 172: 166: 165: 143: 139: 138: 125: 121: 120: 115: 111: 110: 108:United Kingdom 101: 97: 96: 93: 85: 84: 77: 70: 69: 63: 56: 55: 54: 51: 50: 46: 45: 42: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 13253: 13242: 13239: 13237: 13234: 13232: 13229: 13227: 13224: 13222: 13219: 13217: 13214: 13212: 13209: 13207: 13204: 13202: 13199: 13197: 13194: 13192: 13189: 13187: 13184: 13182: 13179: 13177: 13174: 13172: 13169: 13167: 13164: 13162: 13159: 13158: 13156: 13149: 13139: 13135: 13131: 13129: 13121: 13118: 13115: 13113: 13110: 13109: 13106: 13095: 13092: 13088: 13085: 13084: 13079: 13078: 13075: 13068: 13067: 13063: 13060: 13059: 13055: 13050: 13045: 13042: 13037: 13032: 13029: 13026: 13025: 13021: 13018: 13017: 13013: 13010: 13009: 13005: 13002: 13001: 12997: 12996: 12993: 12986: 12982: 12971: 12970:Falklands War 12967: 12965: 12961: 12957: 12956: 12953: 12946: 12945: 12941: 12938: 12937: 12933: 12930: 12927: 12924: 12921: 12918: 12915: 12912: 12909: 12908: 12905: 12901:South America 12898: 12894: 12884: 12880: 12876: 12874: 12870: 12868: 12864: 12863: 12860: 12848: 12845: 12842: 12839: 12836: 12832: 12829: 12825: 12822: 12819: 12816: 12813: 12812: 12810: 12804: 12800: 12797: 12794: 12791: 12790:Union Islands 12788: 12785: 12781: 12778: 12775: 12772: 12769: 12766: 12763: 12760: 12757: 12754: 12751: 12748: 12745: 12742: 12739: 12738: 12734: 12731: 12728: 12725: 12721: 12718: 12715: 12712: 12709: 12706: 12703: 12700: 12697: 12693: 12690: 12687: 12684: 12683: 12681: 12680: 12676: 12673: 12672: 12667: 12658: 12653: 12651: 12646: 12644: 12639: 12638: 12635: 12631: 12620: 12617: 12614: 12611: 12606: 12603: 12602: 12600: 12597: 12594: 12591: 12588: 12585: 12582: 12581: 12577: 12574: 12571: 12568: 12567: 12563: 12560: 12557: 12554: 12551: 12548: 12545: 12542: 12539: 12536: 12532: 12529: 12525: 12522: 12518: 12515: 12512: 12509: 12506: 12503: 12502:Rupert's Land 12500: 12497: 12494: 12491: 12487: 12484: 12481: 12478: 12475: 12472: 12469: 12466: 12463: 12462:Paulet affair 12460: 12457: 12454: 12451: 12448: 12445: 12442: 12439: 12436: 12433: 12430: 12427: 12424: 12421: 12418: 12415: 12412: 12409: 12408:New Hampshire 12406: 12403: 12400: 12397: 12396:New Brunswick 12394: 12391: 12388: 12385: 12382: 12379: 12376: 12373: 12372: 12368: 12365: 12362: 12357: 12354: 12353: 12351: 12348: 12345: 12342: 12339: 12335: 12332: 12329: 12326: 12323: 12320: 12317: 12314: 12311: 12308: 12304: 12301: 12298: 12297: 12293: 12290: 12287: 12282: 12279: 12276: 12273: 12270: 12267: 12264: 12261: 12260: 12259: 12255: 12252: 12248: 12245: 12242: 12239: 12236: 12233: 12230: 12226: 12223: 12222: 12220: 12217: 12214: 12211: 12208: 12207: 12203: 12200: 12196: 12193: 12190: 12187: 12184: 12181: 12177: 12174: 12170: 12167: 12163: 12160: 12159: 12155: 12154: 12151: 12147:North America 12144: 12140: 12130: 12126: 12124: 12120: 12117: 12115: 12111: 12107: 12103: 12102: 12099: 12092: 12089: 12086: 12083: 12080: 12077: 12074: 12071: 12068: 12067:South Vietnam 12065: 12062: 12059: 12054: 12051: 12050: 12048: 12045: 12042: 12039: 12036: 12033: 12030: 12027: 12024: 12021: 12016: 12013: 12012: 12010: 12007: 12004: 12001: 11998: 11995: 11992: 11989: 11986: 11983: 11978: 11975: 11972: 11969: 11966: 11963: 11960: 11957: 11956: 11954: 11951: 11948: 11945: 11942: 11939: 11936: 11933: 11930: 11927: 11924: 11921: 11918: 11915: 11912: 11909: 11906: 11903: 11900: 11897: 11894: 11890: 11886: 11885: 11881: 11878: 11875: 11872: 11869: 11866: 11863: 11860: 11856: 11853: 11850: 11847: 11842: 11839: 11838: 11836: 11833: 11830: 11827: 11826: 11823: 11816: 11812: 11802: 11798: 11795: 11791: 11787: 11783: 11779: 11776: 11773: 11769: 11765: 11762: 11760: 11756: 11755: 11752: 11745: 11742: 11739: 11736: 11733: 11730: 11727: 11726: 11722: 11719: 11716: 11713: 11710: 11707: 11704: 11701: 11698: 11695: 11692: 11689: 11686: 11683: 11680: 11677: 11674: 11671: 11668: 11665: 11662: 11659: 11656: 11653: 11652: 11648: 11645: 11642: 11639: 11636: 11633: 11630: 11627: 11624: 11621: 11618: 11615: 11612: 11609: 11606: 11603: 11600: 11597: 11594: 11591: 11588: 11585: 11582: 11579: 11575: 11572: 11569: 11566: 11563: 11560: 11557: 11554: 11551: 11548: 11545: 11542: 11539: 11536: 11533: 11530: 11527: 11523: 11520: 11517: 11513: 11510: 11507: 11506: 11502: 11501: 11498: 11491: 11487: 11476: 11473: 11468: 11465: 11462: 11459: 11458: 11456: 11451: 11448: 11447: 11442: 11439: 11436: 11433: 11430: 11427: 11424: 11423: 11419: 11416: 11413: 11410: 11407: 11404: 11400: 11399: 11395: 11394: 11391: 11384: 11380: 11374: 11370: 11368: 11364: 11362: 11359: 11356: 11351: 11350: 11347: 11343: 11339: 11331: 11326: 11324: 11319: 11317: 11312: 11311: 11308: 11296: 11293: 11292: 11289: 11277: 11274: 11269: 11265: 11264: 11263: 11260: 11258: 11255: 11254: 11252: 11248: 11245: 11243: 11240: 11238: 11235: 11234: 11232: 11225: 11221: 11218: 11214: 11211: 11207: 11204: 11200: 11199: 11198: 11195: 11190: 11186: 11185: 11184: 11181: 11180: 11178: 11174: 11171: 11169: 11166: 11165: 11163: 11162: 11160: 11158: 11154: 11148: 11145: 11141: 11138: 11136: 11133: 11132: 11130: 11128: 11125: 11123: 11120: 11119: 11116: 11113: 11109: 11099: 11096: 11094: 11091: 11089: 11086: 11084: 11081: 11079: 11076: 11075: 11072: 11069: 11067: 11063: 11055: 11052: 11050: 11047: 11045: 11042: 11040: 11037: 11036: 11035: 11032: 11028: 11025: 11023: 11020: 11018: 11015: 11014: 11012: 11010: 11007: 11005: 11002: 11000: 10997: 10995: 10992: 10990: 10987: 10986: 10984: 10980: 10970: 10967: 10965: 10962: 10960: 10959:Tegart's Wall 10957: 10955: 10952: 10950: 10947: 10945: 10942: 10940: 10937: 10935: 10932: 10930: 10927: 10926: 10923: 10920: 10916: 10904: 10901: 10900: 10898: 10896: 10893: 10891: 10888: 10884: 10881: 10879: 10876: 10875: 10873: 10871: 10868: 10866: 10863: 10862: 10859: 10856: 10852: 10844: 10841: 10839: 10836: 10835: 10834: 10831: 10829: 10826: 10824: 10821: 10820: 10818: 10814: 10809: 10802: 10797: 10795: 10790: 10788: 10783: 10782: 10779: 10772: 10767: 10763: 10762: 10752: 10748: 10745: 10741: 10737: 10733: 10730: 10728: 10724: 10721: 10717: 10713: 10711: 10707: 10704: 10700: 10696: 10694: 10690: 10687: 10683: 10680: 10676: 10672: 10669: 10665: 10663:(1992) 49–52. 10662: 10658: 10655: 10651: 10648: 10645: 10641: 10638: 10634: 10631: 10627: 10624: 10620: 10617: 10613: 10610: 10606: 10604: 10600: 10597: 10593: 10589: 10588: 10576: 10570: 10566: 10561: 10550: 10544: 10540: 10536: 10535: 10530: 10526: 10522: 10516: 10512: 10507: 10496: 10490: 10486: 10482: 10481: 10476: 10472: 10468: 10462: 10458: 10454: 10453: 10448: 10444: 10433: 10427: 10423: 10422: 10416: 10412: 10406: 10402: 10397: 10386: 10380: 10376: 10372: 10371: 10366: 10362: 10358: 10347: 10341: 10337: 10333: 10332: 10327: 10326:Morris, Benny 10323: 10319: 10315: 10311: 10307: 10303: 10299: 10294: 10290: 10284: 10280: 10279: 10273: 10262: 10256: 10252: 10251: 10245: 10234: 10228: 10224: 10220: 10219: 10214: 10210: 10199: 10193: 10189: 10185: 10184: 10179: 10175: 10171: 10160: 10154: 10150: 10145: 10144: 10138: 10134: 10123: 10117: 10113: 10112: 10107: 10103: 10092: 10086: 10082: 10078: 10077: 10071: 10060: 10054: 10050: 10046: 10045: 10040: 10036: 10032: 10026: 10022: 10017: 10006: 10000: 9996: 9995: 9989: 9978: 9972: 9968: 9964: 9963: 9958: 9954: 9943: 9937: 9933: 9929: 9928: 9922: 9918: 9912: 9908: 9907: 9901: 9890: 9884: 9880: 9876: 9875: 9869: 9865: 9859: 9855: 9851: 9847: 9843: 9837: 9833: 9828: 9817: 9811: 9807: 9803: 9802: 9796: 9785: 9779: 9775: 9772:. The Hague: 9771: 9770: 9765: 9761: 9760: 9747: 9742: 9726: 9719: 9713: 9706: 9701: 9695:, p. 17. 9694: 9689: 9683:, p. 16. 9682: 9677: 9669: 9665: 9658: 9651: 9645: 9639:, p. 27. 9638: 9633: 9626: 9621: 9615:, p. 75. 9614: 9609: 9603:, p. 74. 9602: 9597: 9581: 9575: 9569:, p. 64. 9568: 9563: 9561: 9553: 9549: 9546: 9541: 9534: 9529: 9521: 9515: 9507: 9501: 9497: 9490: 9483: 9478: 9471: 9465: 9457: 9450: 9444: 9440: 9437: 9433: 9429: 9424: 9417: 9412: 9405: 9401: 9398: 9393: 9385: 9379: 9371: 9365: 9361: 9357: 9353: 9347: 9345: 9337: 9333: 9330: 9324: 9317: 9313: 9310: 9305: 9297: 9293: 9289: 9285: 9281: 9277: 9273: 9266: 9258: 9252: 9248: 9244: 9243: 9235: 9228: 9223: 9217: 9213: 9212: 9204: 9197: 9192: 9185: 9180: 9173: 9168: 9161: 9155: 9148: 9143: 9134: 9126: 9122: 9116: 9109: 9105: 9101: 9095: 9088: 9084: 9080: 9074: 9067: 9061: 9053: 9049: 9043: 9037: 9033: 9029: 9025: 9020: 9004: 9000: 8994: 8985: 8976: 8968: 8964: 8958: 8950: 8946: 8940: 8931: 8923: 8917: 8913: 8912: 8904: 8897: 8892: 8884: 8877: 8868: 8862: 8854: 8848: 8841: 8837: 8833: 8828: 8812: 8808: 8802: 8795: 8788: 8781: 8776: 8769: 8764: 8757: 8752: 8745: 8740: 8738: 8736: 8720: 8716: 8712: 8708: 8704: 8697: 8690: 8685: 8670: 8666: 8660: 8654:, p. 81. 8653: 8648: 8641: 8636: 8629: 8625: 8620: 8613: 8608: 8602:, p. 52. 8601: 8596: 8590:, p. 63. 8589: 8584: 8575: 8568: 8563: 8556: 8550: 8543: 8538: 8531: 8526: 8520: 8516: 8512: 8508: 8504: 8501: 8495: 8488: 8484: 8481: 8476: 8470: 8466: 8463: 8459: 8453: 8446: 8442: 8436: 8420: 8416: 8412: 8406: 8398: 8391: 8383: 8376: 8368: 8364: 8358: 8350: 8344: 8340: 8339: 8331: 8322: 8313: 8306: 8302: 8299: 8293: 8286: 8281: 8273: 8269: 8263: 8255: 8251: 8245: 8226: 8219: 8213: 8205: 8201: 8194: 8187: 8186: 8180: 8173: 8167: 8151: 8147: 8145: 8137: 8129: 8123: 8119: 8118: 8110: 8102: 8098: 8092: 8085: 8081: 8078: 8073: 8057: 8053: 8047: 8040: 8034: 8026: 8025: 8020: 8014: 8012: 8003: 7999: 7993: 7985: 7979: 7975: 7974: 7966: 7958: 7954: 7948: 7941: 7937: 7934: 7933: 7927: 7919: 7915: 7909: 7901: 7895: 7891: 7890: 7882: 7874: 7870: 7864: 7856: 7852: 7848: 7842: 7835: 7829: 7821: 7814: 7806: 7800: 7796: 7789: 7781: 7775: 7771: 7764: 7757: 7752: 7736: 7732: 7726: 7711: 7705: 7701: 7700: 7692: 7684: 7680: 7676: 7672: 7668: 7664: 7660: 7656: 7649: 7641: 7635: 7631: 7626: 7625: 7616: 7608: 7604: 7600: 7596: 7589: 7580: 7572: 7566: 7562: 7561: 7553: 7537: 7533: 7527: 7520: 7516: 7513: 7507: 7500: 7494: 7478: 7474: 7468: 7452: 7448: 7440: 7432: 7425: 7417: 7411: 7407: 7400: 7385: 7381: 7377: 7373: 7367: 7365: 7357: 7353: 7349: 7343: 7336: 7332: 7329: 7323: 7321: 7319: 7310: 7304: 7300: 7299: 7291: 7283: 7279: 7273: 7265: 7261: 7257: 7254: 7250: 7244: 7237: 7233: 7230: 7225: 7217: 7213: 7207: 7200: 7194: 7190: 7186: 7185: 7178: 7174: 7171: 7165: 7159: 7155: 7150: 7144: 7140: 7136: 7135: 7124: 7117: 7111: 7107: 7106: 7098: 7096: 7086: 7080: 7076: 7072: 7071:Morris, Benny 7066: 7059: 7055: 7051: 7048: 7043: 7036: 7032: 7026: 7019: 7013: 7007:negotiation." 6996: 6990: 6986: 6985: 6980: 6979:Morris, Benny 6974: 6972: 6964: 6958: 6956: 6948: 6944: 6941: 6940: 6933: 6931: 6924:, p. 28. 6923: 6918: 6911: 6906: 6899: 6894: 6878: 6874: 6868: 6860: 6854: 6850: 6849: 6841: 6834: 6829: 6822: 6817: 6802: 6798: 6797: 6789: 6782: 6781:Jewish Agency 6778: 6774: 6769: 6761: 6754: 6747: 6742: 6735: 6730: 6724: 6720: 6715: 6713: 6705: 6699: 6683: 6676: 6669: 6665: 6662: 6657: 6655: 6647: 6641: 6639: 6630: 6626: 6620: 6613: 6607: 6600: 6594: 6587: 6581: 6573: 6567: 6563: 6559: 6553: 6546: 6542: 6538: 6532: 6525: 6519: 6513: 6509: 6508: 6501: 6499: 6497: 6495: 6486: 6482: 6478: 6472: 6470: 6452: 6448: 6442: 6431: 6427: 6420: 6414: 6407: 6401: 6394: 6388: 6380: 6376: 6375: 6370: 6363: 6356: 6352: 6349: 6343: 6336: 6335:Eretz Yisrael 6331: 6330: 6329:Orientations, 6325: 6324:Ronald Storrs 6320: 6312: 6308: 6304: 6300: 6296: 6289: 6281: 6275: 6271: 6270: 6265: 6259: 6253: 6249: 6246: 6242: 6238: 6232: 6217: 6211: 6207: 6206: 6198: 6191: 6186: 6176: 6170: 6166: 6165: 6157: 6150: 6149: 6142: 6133: 6126: 6122: 6118: 6115: 6110: 6101: 6095: 6091: 6084: 6076: 6072: 6066: 6059: 6054: 6045: 6044: 6036: 6021: 6017: 6011: 6007: 5991: 5981: 5973: 5972: 5965: 5956: 5949: 5942: 5934: 5927: 5921: 5914: 5910: 5906: 5904: 5895: 5891: 5889: 5880: 5876: 5872: 5868: 5864: 5860: 5854: 5850: 5840: 5837: 5835: 5832: 5830: 5827: 5825: 5822: 5820: 5817: 5815: 5812: 5810: 5807: 5805: 5802: 5800: 5797: 5795: 5792: 5791: 5778: 5773: 5766: 5761: 5757: 5750: 5745: 5741: 5734: 5729: 5725: 5719: 5714: 5711: 5704: 5699: 5695: 5688: 5683: 5680: 5673: 5668: 5665: 5658: 5653: 5649: 5642: 5637: 5633: 5626: 5621: 5618: 5611: 5606: 5602: 5598: 5594: 5588: 5583: 5579: 5578:field marshal 5575: 5568: 5563: 5559: 5556: 5550: 5545: 5544: 5538: 5534: 5531: 5526: 5524: 5520: 5516: 5512: 5508: 5498: 5496: 5495: 5489: 5484: 5482: 5477: 5474: 5470: 5466: 5462: 5458: 5454: 5450: 5445: 5436: 5435: 5434:Eretz Yisrael 5422: 5409: 5397: 5385: 5373: 5363: 5353: 5351: 5347: 5343: 5342: 5337: 5336:Gershon Agron 5333: 5332: 5323: 5320: 5317: 5314: 5310: 5307: 5304: 5301: 5298: 5295: 5294: 5293: 5289: 5287: 5282: 5278: 5274: 5270: 5269: 5263: 5261: 5257: 5249: 5245: 5232: 5229: 5227: 5224: 5222: 5219: 5217: 5214: 5212: 5209: 5207: 5204: 5202: 5199: 5197: 5194: 5192: 5189: 5187: 5184: 5182: 5179: 5178: 5175: 5172: 5169: 5166: 5163: 5160: 5157: 5154: 5151: 5148: 5145: 5143: 5142: 5138: 5137: 5134: 5131: 5128: 5125: 5122: 5119: 5116: 5113: 5110: 5107: 5104: 5102: 5101: 5097: 5096: 5093: 5090: 5087: 5084: 5081: 5078: 5075: 5072: 5069: 5066: 5063: 5061: 5060: 5056: 5055: 5052: 5049: 5046: 5043: 5040: 5037: 5034: 5031: 5028: 5025: 5022: 5020: 5019: 5015: 5014: 5011: 5008: 5005: 5002: 4999: 4996: 4993: 4990: 4987: 4984: 4981: 4979: 4978: 4974: 4973: 4970: 4967: 4964: 4961: 4958: 4955: 4952: 4949: 4946: 4943: 4940: 4938: 4937: 4933: 4932: 4929: 4926: 4923: 4920: 4917: 4914: 4911: 4908: 4905: 4902: 4899: 4897: 4896: 4892: 4891: 4888: 4885: 4882: 4879: 4876: 4873: 4870: 4867: 4864: 4861: 4858: 4856: 4855: 4851: 4850: 4847: 4844: 4841: 4838: 4835: 4832: 4829: 4826: 4823: 4820: 4817: 4815: 4814: 4810: 4809: 4806: 4803: 4800: 4797: 4794: 4791: 4788: 4785: 4782: 4779: 4776: 4774: 4773: 4769: 4768: 4765: 4762: 4759: 4756: 4753: 4750: 4747: 4744: 4741: 4738: 4735: 4733: 4732: 4728: 4727: 4724: 4721: 4718: 4715: 4712: 4709: 4706: 4703: 4700: 4697: 4694: 4692: 4691: 4687: 4686: 4683: 4680: 4677: 4674: 4671: 4668: 4665: 4662: 4659: 4656: 4653: 4651: 4650: 4646: 4645: 4642: 4639: 4636: 4633: 4630: 4627: 4624: 4621: 4618: 4615: 4612: 4610: 4609: 4605: 4604: 4601: 4598: 4595: 4592: 4589: 4586: 4583: 4580: 4577: 4574: 4571: 4569: 4568: 4564: 4563: 4560: 4557: 4554: 4551: 4548: 4545: 4542: 4539: 4536: 4533: 4530: 4528: 4527: 4523: 4522: 4519: 4516: 4513: 4510: 4507: 4504: 4501: 4498: 4495: 4492: 4489: 4487: 4486: 4482: 4481: 4478: 4475: 4472: 4469: 4466: 4463: 4460: 4457: 4454: 4451: 4448: 4446: 4445: 4441: 4440: 4437: 4434: 4431: 4428: 4425: 4422: 4419: 4416: 4413: 4410: 4407: 4405: 4404: 4400: 4399: 4396: 4393: 4390: 4387: 4384: 4381: 4378: 4375: 4372: 4369: 4366: 4364: 4363: 4359: 4358: 4355: 4352: 4349: 4346: 4343: 4340: 4337: 4334: 4331: 4328: 4325: 4323: 4322: 4318: 4317: 4314: 4311: 4308: 4305: 4302: 4299: 4296: 4293: 4290: 4287: 4284: 4282: 4281: 4277: 4276: 4272: 4270: 4267: 4265: 4262: 4260: 4257: 4255: 4252: 4250: 4247: 4245: 4242: 4240: 4237: 4235: 4232: 4230: 4227: 4224: 4223: 4220: 4218: 4203: 4200: 4197: 4194: 4191: 4188: 4185: 4181: 4177: 4174: 4171: 4168: 4165: 4162: 4159: 4157: 4153: 4149: 4146: 4143: 4140: 4137: 4134: 4131: 4129: 4124: 4120: 4116: 4113: 4110: 4107: 4104: 4101: 4098: 4096: 4092: 4088: 4085: 4082: 4079: 4076: 4073: 4070: 4068: 4064: 4060: 4057: 4054: 4051: 4048: 4045: 4042: 4040: 4033: 4029: 4026: 4023: 4020: 4017: 4014: 4011: 4009: 4005: 4001: 3998: 3995: 3992: 3989: 3986: 3983: 3981: 3977: 3973: 3970: 3967: 3964: 3961: 3958: 3955: 3953: 3946: 3942: 3939: 3936: 3933: 3930: 3927: 3924: 3922: 3918: 3914: 3911: 3908: 3905: 3902: 3899: 3896: 3894: 3887: 3883: 3880: 3877: 3874: 3871: 3868: 3865: 3863: 3859: 3855: 3852: 3849: 3846: 3843: 3840: 3837: 3835: 3831: 3827: 3824: 3821: 3818: 3815: 3812: 3809: 3807: 3803: 3799: 3796: 3793: 3790: 3787: 3784: 3781: 3779: 3775: 3771: 3768: 3765: 3762: 3759: 3756: 3753: 3751: 3744: 3740: 3737: 3734: 3731: 3728: 3725: 3722: 3720: 3714: 3713: 3709: 3706: 3703: 3700: 3697: 3694: 3693: 3678:Sub-District 3673: 3668: 3665: 3663: 3654: 3597: 100,000 3584: 3570: 3567: 3564: 3561: 3558: 3555: 3549: 3548: 3542: 3537: 3532: 3527: 3524: 3521: 3520: 3514: 3509: 3504: 3499: 3496: 3493: 3492: 3486: 3481: 3476: 3471: 3468: 3465: 3464: 3460: 3457: 3454: 3451: 3448: 3445: 3444: 3441: 3439: 3434: 3431: 3427: 3418: 3413: 3409: 3402: 3401:second census 3398: 3395: 3391: 3390: 3389: 3387: 3383: 3379: 3375: 3371: 3367: 3358: 3350: 3340: 3330: 3328: 3324: 3320: 3316: 3312: 3308: 3307:Gaza District 3304: 3300: 3292: 3289: 3286: 3283: 3282: 3277: 3262: 3258: 3255: 3252: 3248: 3244: 3241: 3238: 3234: 3230: 3227: 3224: 3220: 3216: 3213: 3210: 3206: 3202: 3199: 3196: 3192: 3188: 3185: 3182: 3178: 3174: 3171: 3168: 3164: 3160: 3157: 3154: 3150: 3146: 3143: 3140: 3136: 3132: 3129: 3126: 3123: 3122: 3116: 3101: 3097: 3093: 3089: 3085: 3081: 3077: 3073: 3069: 3065: 3061: 3057: 3053: 3049: 3047: 3043: 3039: 3037: 3033: 3029: 3026: 3025: 3019: 3005: 3001: 2998: 2995: 2993: 2989: 2985: 2982: 2979: 2977: 2970: 2966: 2963: 2960: 2958: 2954: 2950: 2947: 2944: 2942: 2938: 2934: 2931: 2928: 2926: 2919: 2915: 2912: 2909: 2907: 2903: 2899: 2896: 2893: 2891: 2887: 2883: 2880: 2877: 2875: 2868: 2864: 2861: 2858: 2856: 2852: 2848: 2845: 2842: 2840: 2833: 2829: 2826: 2823: 2821: 2817: 2813: 2810: 2807: 2805: 2801: 2797: 2794: 2791: 2789: 2785: 2781: 2778: 2775: 2773: 2769: 2765: 2762: 2759: 2757: 2750: 2746: 2743: 2740: 2738: 2732: 2731: 2727: 2724: 2721: 2718: 2715: 2714: 2708: 2706: 2696: 2693: 2688: 2686: 2681: 2673: 2667: 2662: 2657: 2647: 2644: 2638: 2636: 2633:In 1942, the 2631: 2629: 2623: 2620: 2619:Emir Abdullah 2615: 2611: 2607: 2603: 2599: 2596:In 1937, the 2594: 2589: 2584: 2581: 2578: 2577:Basle program 2572: 2570: 2566: 2560: 2558: 2552: 2548: 2546: 2535: 2530: 2527: 2524: 2523:anti-Semitism 2520: 2515: 2507: 2502: 2492: 2490: 2486: 2485:Etzel (Irgun) 2482: 2478: 2474: 2469: 2467: 2463: 2458: 2455:In 1929, the 2453: 2451: 2447: 2446: 2441: 2437: 2433: 2432:Ottoman Syria 2427: 2423: 2417: 2407: 2405: 2401: 2397: 2393: 2389: 2385: 2379: 2377: 2373: 2369: 2365: 2361: 2360: 2355: 2351: 2346: 2344: 2340: 2336: 2332: 2328: 2324: 2320: 2319: 2314: 2313: 2308: 2304: 2296: 2295: 2290: 2285: 2280: 2270: 2268: 2264: 2260: 2256: 2252: 2248: 2244: 2240: 2234: 2229: 2227: 2226: 2220: 2218: 2214: 2210: 2206: 2202: 2198: 2194: 2190: 2186: 2177: 2172: 2167: 2163: 2153: 2151: 2147: 2142: 2140: 2136: 2132: 2128: 2124: 2120: 2115: 2113: 2109: 2105: 2100: 2096: 2091: 2088: 2084: 2079: 2076: 2071: 2052: 2040: 2030: 2020: 2018: 2007: 2005: 2001: 1997: 1993: 1989: 1987: 1982: 1978: 1973: 1971: 1967: 1963: 1960:ceased to be 1959: 1955: 1949: 1947: 1943: 1939: 1935: 1931: 1928: 1919: 1912: 1908: 1903: 1899: 1897: 1893: 1889: 1885: 1879: 1877: 1873: 1869: 1864: 1860: 1856: 1851: 1847: 1843: 1838: 1836: 1831: 1827: 1821: 1819: 1814: 1810: 1802: 1797: 1792: 1782: 1779: 1775: 1770: 1766: 1764: 1759: 1756: 1754: 1750: 1745: 1741: 1736: 1734: 1730: 1726: 1722: 1718: 1714: 1709: 1706: 1701: 1696: 1691: 1688: 1684: 1675: 1671: 1669: 1665: 1664:Yitzak Shamir 1661: 1658: 1654: 1650: 1646: 1640: 1636: 1626: 1624: 1620: 1616: 1612: 1608: 1604: 1600: 1599:Eliyahu Hakim 1596: 1592: 1588: 1580: 1577:Jerusalem on 1575: 1566: 1564: 1560: 1556: 1551: 1548: 1544: 1540: 1539: 1534: 1530: 1526: 1522: 1521: 1517: 1513: 1509: 1508: 1502: 1498: 1494: 1490: 1489: 1483: 1481: 1477: 1473: 1469: 1465: 1457: 1453: 1449: 1440: 1438: 1434: 1433:Yemenite Jews 1429: 1427: 1423: 1422:Italian Front 1419: 1416: 1411: 1409: 1405: 1401: 1397: 1393: 1389: 1385: 1381: 1374: 1370: 1366: 1362: 1353: 1351: 1347: 1346: 1341: 1337: 1333: 1329: 1325: 1321: 1317: 1313: 1310: 1309: 1304: 1300: 1296: 1290: 1288: 1284: 1283: 1278: 1274: 1270: 1266: 1262: 1261: 1255: 1253: 1249: 1245: 1241: 1237: 1233: 1229: 1221: 1216: 1202: 1200: 1196: 1195:Jewish Agency 1192: 1188: 1187: 1182: 1181: 1175: 1171: 1166: 1164: 1160: 1156: 1152: 1148: 1144: 1140: 1137:In 1937, the 1131: 1122: 1118: 1116: 1112: 1108: 1103: 1099: 1097: 1093: 1089: 1085: 1081: 1077: 1072: 1070: 1065: 1063: 1059: 1055: 1051: 1046: 1042: 1036: 1027: 1018: 1016: 1012: 1007: 1003: 999: 995: 992: 982: 980: 975: 972: 970: 966: 961: 959: 955: 950: 945: 943: 939: 938:Jewish Agency 935: 931: 927: 923: 919: 915: 911: 907: 901: 899: 894: 892: 888: 880: 876: 872: 867: 860: 856: 852: 851:Emir Abdullah 848: 844: 839: 833: 828: 824: 822: 821:Jabel Mukaber 818: 817: 811: 807: 803: 799: 795: 791: 786: 784: 780: 776: 771: 769: 765: 761: 757: 753: 749: 745: 736: 725: 718: 708: 706: 702: 696: 691: 689: 685: 681: 677: 673: 669: 666:(ארץ ישׂראל, 665: 661: 658:(فلسطين) and 657: 652: 647: 637: 635: 630: 628: 624: 620: 616: 612: 608: 604: 600: 596: 592: 588: 584: 580: 575: 573: 569: 565: 561: 557: 553: 552:Ottoman Syria 549: 545: 541: 537: 533: 529: 526: 522: 518: 517:Arab uprising 513: 511: 508: 504: 500: 492: 488: 485: 483:Today part of 481: 465: 463: 460: 459: 451: 449: 446: 445: 437: 435: 432: 431: 428: 422: 419: 412: 411: 408: 407: 404: 401: 399: 396: 395: 391: 388: 385: 383: 382:ISO 3166 code 379: 373: 367: 363: 359: 355: 352:• Census 349: 346: 342: 338: 332: 329: 325: 321: 317: 314: 308: 304: 298: 295:25 April 1920 294: 285: 281: 275: 272: 270: 267: 265: 262: 261: 259: 255: 252: 249: 243: 240: 237: 231: 227: 223: 219: 216: 213: 207: 204: 201: 195: 191: 187: 184: 179: 176: 173: 171: 167: 163: 159: 155: 151: 147: 144: 140: 137: 133: 129: 126: 122: 119: 116: 112: 109: 105: 102: 98: 91: 86: 80: 74: 66: 60: 52: 47: 40: 37: 33: 19: 13148: 13081: 13064: 13056: 13022: 13014: 13006: 13000:Saint Helena 12998: 12942: 12934: 12784:Cook Islands 12735: 12708:New Hebrides 12677:20th century 12593:West Florida 12578: 12564: 12496:Rhode Island 12474:Pennsylvania 12432:Newfoundland 12369: 12294: 12244:East Florida 12215:16th c.–1880 12204: 12156: 12053:Crown Colony 12041:Pulo Condore 12028: 12015:Crown Colony 12009:North Borneo 11882: 11841:Protectorate 11790:unrecognised 11784:in 1965 (as 11723: 11676:South Africa 11664:Sierra Leone 11651:Saint Helena 11649: 11644:Orange River 11522:Bechuanaland 11503: 11461:Protectorate 11420: 11396: 11360: 11340:and Current 11257:Christianity 11179:Immigration 11157:Demographics 11131:Settlements 11098:Arab boycott 11013:During WWII 10903:Jordan River 10807: 10735: 10715: 10698: 10674: 10667: 10660: 10653: 10643: 10622: 10615: 10608: 10591: 10564: 10552:. Retrieved 10533: 10510: 10498:. Retrieved 10479: 10451: 10435:. Retrieved 10420: 10400: 10388:. Retrieved 10369: 10349:. Retrieved 10334:. New York: 10330: 10304:(1): 73–96. 10301: 10297: 10277: 10264:. Retrieved 10249: 10236:. Retrieved 10217: 10201:. Retrieved 10182: 10162:. Retrieved 10149:Beacon Press 10142: 10125:. Retrieved 10110: 10094:. Retrieved 10075: 10062:. Retrieved 10049:Bantam Books 10043: 10039:Katz, Shmuel 10020: 10008:. Retrieved 9993: 9980:. Retrieved 9961: 9945:. Retrieved 9926: 9905: 9892:. Retrieved 9873: 9853: 9831: 9819:. Retrieved 9800: 9787:. Retrieved 9768: 9756:Bibliography 9746:Khalidi 2006 9741: 9729:. Retrieved 9724: 9712: 9705:Khalidi 2006 9700: 9693:Khalidi 2006 9688: 9681:Khalidi 2006 9676: 9667: 9657: 9649: 9644: 9637:Khalidi 2006 9632: 9625:Khalidi 2006 9620: 9608: 9596: 9584:. Retrieved 9574: 9540: 9528: 9495: 9489: 9477: 9469: 9464: 9449: 9427: 9423: 9415: 9411: 9392: 9355: 9323: 9304: 9279: 9275: 9265: 9241: 9234: 9225: 9210: 9203: 9191: 9179: 9167: 9162:, p. 27 9154: 9149:, p. 4. 9142: 9133: 9124: 9115: 9099: 9094: 9078: 9073: 9065: 9060: 9051: 9042: 9023: 9019: 9007:. Retrieved 9003:the original 8993: 8984: 8975: 8966: 8957: 8948: 8939: 8930: 8910: 8903: 8895: 8891: 8882: 8876: 8866: 8861: 8852: 8847: 8831: 8827: 8815:. Retrieved 8811:the original 8801: 8793: 8787: 8780:Kominko 2015 8775: 8763: 8751: 8744:Kominko 2015 8722:. Retrieved 8713:(2): 23–42. 8710: 8706: 8696: 8689:Khalidi 2006 8684: 8672:. Retrieved 8668: 8659: 8652:Khalidi 2006 8647: 8635: 8624:Khalidi 2006 8619: 8612:Khalidi 2006 8607: 8600:Khalidi 2006 8595: 8588:Khalidi 2006 8583: 8574: 8567:Khalidi 2006 8562: 8554: 8549: 8542:Khalidi 2006 8537: 8530:Khalidi 2006 8525: 8510: 8494: 8475: 8452: 8435: 8423:. Retrieved 8419:the original 8414: 8405: 8390: 8375: 8366: 8357: 8337: 8330: 8321: 8312: 8292: 8285:Masalha, Nur 8280: 8271: 8262: 8253: 8244: 8232:. Retrieved 8225:the original 8212: 8203: 8199: 8193: 8184: 8179: 8171: 8166: 8154:. Retrieved 8143: 8136: 8116: 8109: 8100: 8091: 8072: 8060:. Retrieved 8056:the original 8046: 8038: 8033: 8022: 8001: 7992: 7972: 7965: 7956: 7947: 7931: 7926: 7917: 7908: 7888: 7881: 7872: 7863: 7855:the original 7850: 7841: 7833: 7828: 7820:"The Revolt" 7813: 7794: 7788: 7769: 7763: 7751: 7739:. Retrieved 7735:the original 7725: 7713:. Retrieved 7698: 7691: 7658: 7654: 7648: 7623: 7615: 7598: 7594: 7588: 7579: 7559: 7552: 7540:. Retrieved 7536:the original 7526: 7506: 7498: 7493: 7481:. Retrieved 7476: 7467: 7455:. Retrieved 7450: 7439: 7424: 7405: 7399: 7387:. Retrieved 7375: 7347: 7342: 7297: 7290: 7281: 7272: 7264:Kurt Wieland 7243: 7224: 7216:the original 7206: 7183: 7164: 7133: 7123: 7104: 7074: 7065: 7042: 7035:Avraham Sela 7030: 7025: 7017: 7012: 6998:. Retrieved 6983: 6962: 6938: 6922:Khalidi 2001 6917: 6910:Khalidi 1987 6905: 6900:, p. 26 6898:Khalidi 2001 6893: 6881:. Retrieved 6877:the original 6867: 6847: 6840: 6833:Shapira 1992 6828: 6823:, p. 14 6816: 6805:, retrieved 6801:the original 6795: 6788: 6773:Gilbert 1998 6768: 6759: 6753: 6746:Khalidi 2006 6741: 6736:, p. 80 6734:Gilbert 1998 6729: 6703: 6698: 6686:. Retrieved 6680:Las, Nelly. 6675: 6645: 6629:the original 6619: 6611: 6606: 6598: 6593: 6585: 6580: 6561: 6552: 6536: 6531: 6523: 6518: 6505: 6485:the original 6480: 6455:. Retrieved 6451:the original 6441: 6430:the original 6425: 6413: 6405: 6400: 6392: 6387: 6372: 6362: 6342: 6334: 6328: 6319: 6302: 6298: 6288: 6268: 6258: 6236: 6231: 6219:. Retrieved 6204: 6197: 6190:Khalidi 1997 6185: 6163: 6156: 6147: 6146: 6141: 6132: 6124: 6109: 6089: 6083: 6075:the original 6065: 6053: 6042: 6035: 6023:. Retrieved 6019: 6010: 5990: 5980: 5969: 5964: 5955: 5946: 5939: 5933: 5920: 5908: 5900: 5885: 5874: 5870: 5866: 5862: 5858: 5853: 5754:Mandate-era 5694:Western Wall 5535: 5527: 5504: 5492: 5485: 5478: 5446: 5442: 5432: 5339: 5329: 5327: 5290: 5285: 5280: 5266: 5264: 5253: 5230: 5225: 5220: 5215: 5210: 5205: 5200: 5195: 5190: 5185: 5180: 5173: 5139: 5132: 5098: 5091: 5057: 5050: 5016: 5009: 4975: 4968: 4934: 4927: 4893: 4886: 4852: 4845: 4811: 4804: 4770: 4763: 4729: 4722: 4688: 4681: 4647: 4640: 4606: 4599: 4565: 4558: 4524: 4517: 4483: 4476: 4442: 4435: 4401: 4394: 4360: 4353: 4319: 4312: 4278: 4225:Municipality 4214: 3659: 3615: 10,000 3609: 20,000 3603: 50,000 3435: 3422: 3406: 3394:first census 3386:Hejazi Arabs 3363: 3333:Demographics 3298: 3296: 3236:Uncultivable 3113: 3027:Corporations 3017: 2725:Jewish-owned 2719:Sub-district 2702: 2689: 2682: 2678: 2639: 2632: 2624: 2595: 2591: 2586: 2582: 2574: 2562: 2554: 2550: 2544: 2542: 2532: 2528: 2516: 2512: 2470: 2465: 2454: 2449: 2443: 2429: 2403: 2399: 2396:World War II 2391: 2387: 2383: 2380: 2375: 2371: 2363: 2357: 2347: 2329:, twelve in 2316: 2310: 2300: 2292: 2254: 2236: 2231: 2223: 2221: 2181: 2150:Ernest Bevin 2143: 2116: 2092: 2080: 2067: 2016: 2013: 2002:seizing the 1985: 1974: 1950: 1938:Eretz-Israel 1924: 1896:Royal assent 1880: 1839: 1822: 1806: 1771: 1767: 1760: 1757: 1749:Soviet Union 1743: 1737: 1710: 1692: 1687:Labour Party 1680: 1642: 1584: 1581:, 8 May 1945 1552: 1546: 1542: 1537: 1532: 1519: 1514:: the motor 1506: 1486: 1484: 1461: 1452:Jewish State 1451: 1430: 1412: 1384:British Army 1377: 1356:Mobilisation 1343: 1306: 1291: 1280: 1271:towards the 1269:North Africa 1265:Erwin Rommel 1258: 1256: 1240:Nazi Germany 1225: 1184: 1178: 1167: 1136: 1119: 1104: 1100: 1073: 1066: 1038: 1006:anti-Zionist 988: 976: 973: 962: 946: 902: 895: 884: 814: 809: 806:Mount Scopus 787: 772: 741: 698: 693: 679: 663: 659: 655: 653: 649: 631: 615:Jordan River 576: 514: 498: 497: 403:Succeeded by 402: 397: 369:(until 1927) 335:• Total 158:Baháʼí Faith 154:Christianity 106:of the 36: 13117:Anglosphere 12835:New Zealand 12744:New Zealand 12613:West Jersey 12528:Saint Lucia 12514:Saint Kitts 12508:Saint Croix 12488:1763–1791* 12456:Nova Scotia 12402:New England 12358:, 1691–1776 12325:East Jersey 12313:Connecticut 12192:Bay Islands 12079:Transjordan 11997:Mesopotamia 11835:Afghanistan 11829:Aden Colony 11614:Niger Coast 11580:) 1874–1957 11556:East Africa 11538:Cape Colony 11528:) 1884–1966 11518:) 1868–1966 11224:clandestine 11122:Archaeology 11049:Arab Revolt 11039:Jaffa riots 10361:Pappé, Ilan 10127:12 February 9586:18 November 9184:Avneri 1984 9160:Khalaf 1991 8640:Morris 2001 8272:www.jta.org 8002:www.jta.org 7957:www.jta.org 7756:"Palestine" 7601:(1): 1–16. 7000:12 February 6883:15 December 6721:, pp. 6688:20 November 6670:Answers.com 6457:14 February 6264:Nur Masalha 6025:12 February 5926:Nur Masalha 5758:, Jerusalem 5634:, Jerusalem 5344:. In 1923, 5324:(1944–1948) 5305:(1927–1936) 5299:(1921–1927) 4211:Urban areas 3633: 1,000 3627: 2,000 3621: 5,000 3578:By district 3382:Circassians 3063:Hemnuta Ltd 2692:Palestinian 2477:Jaffa riots 2466:Arab Agency 2364:The Defense 2307:World War I 2075:Mesopotamia 2044:Front cover 1753:Arab League 1666:, a future 1585:The Jewish 1382:within the 1373:Jewish flag 1174:White Paper 1054:Beit She'an 804:complex on 534:out of the 398:Preceded by 375:(from 1927) 318:14 May 1948 225:Legislature 175:Palestinian 79:Public Seal 13155:Categories 13069:since 1908 13061:since 1908 13027:since 1833 13019:since 1816 13011:since 1815 13003:since 1658 12960:department 12947:since 1908 12939:since 1833 12740:since 1838 12720:Swan River 12714:Queensland 12601:1958–1962 12583:since 1666 12569:since 1799 12420:New Jersey 12390:New Albion 12374:since 1632 12371:Montserrat 12352:1629–1691 12299:since 1670 12221:1858–1866 12209:since 1619 12161:since 1650 12114:Bangladesh 12049:1841–1946 12011:1882–1963 11977:Federation 11955:1819–1826 11893:Seychelles 11837:1839–1842 11728:since 1816 11712:Tanganyika 11670:Somaliland 11658:Seychelles 11654:since 1658 11574:Gold Coast 11568:The Gambia 11512:Basutoland 11508:since 1815 11450:Free State 11443:1542–1800 11429:Heligoland 11425:since 1713 11233:Languages 10447:Segev, Tom 10375:I.B.Tauris 9930:. London: 9877:. London: 9468:Mills, E. 9196:Stein 1984 9172:Stein 1984 9147:Stein 1984 9028:Yossi Katz 8817:29 January 8768:Regan 2018 8724:14 January 8665:"Filastin" 8628:Segev 2000 8425:12 January 7542:11 January 7389:6 December 7156:, p. 7154:Segev 2000 6821:Black 1991 6719:Segev 2000 6426:ecf.org.il 6241:VIII Corps 6235:|The 1915 6002:References 5924:Historian 5756:pillar box 5632:Jaffa Road 5530:Ilan Pappé 5352:in 1961). 4854:Khan Yunis 4259:Metawilehs 4249:Samaritans 4239:Christians 4204:1,845,560 4105:negligible 4035:Jerusalem 3990:negligible 3962:negligible 3687:Christian 3552:population 3259:26,184.70 3245:17,224.33 3194:Plantation 2921:Jerusalem 2722:Arab-owned 2654:See also: 2534:Palestine. 2450:New Yishuv 2445:Old Yishuv 2420:See also: 2213:Musa Kazim 2004:Gaza Strip 1818:UN Charter 1789:See also: 1733:Yugoslavia 1660:Bernadotte 1607:Lord Moyne 1497:Royal Navy 1456:Haifa Port 1396:Yugoslavia 1388:War Office 1369:Union Flag 1273:Suez Canal 1246:, bombing 1186:Aliyah Bet 1088:Yigal Alon 1069:Nashashibi 1002:Black Hand 918:al-Husayni 861:and others 644:See also: 627:Gaza Strip 617:, and the 554:under the 345:Population 170:Demonym(s) 13053:1841–1947 13040:1841–1933 12931:1831–1966 12925:1670–1688 12919:1651–1667 12913:1631–1641 12843:1914–1962 12837:1907–1947 12830:1901–1942 12828:Australia 12823:1900–1974 12817:1900–1970 12805:1893–1978 12798:1892–1979 12792:1889–1948 12786:1888–1901 12780:Rarotonga 12776:1884–1902 12770:1877–1976 12764:1874–1970 12758:1851–1901 12752:1846–1847 12746:1841–1907 12732:1836–1901 12726:1829–1901 12716:1824–1901 12710:1824–1980 12704:1807–1863 12698:1803–1901 12688:1788–1901 12621:1833–1960 12615:1674–1702 12607:1967–1983 12595:1763–1783 12589:1607–1776 12575:1849–1866 12561:1889–1962 12555:1862–1863 12549:1712–1776 12543:1635–1644 12537:1627–1979 12530:1605–1979 12523:1882–1983 12516:1623–1983 12510:1625–1650 12504:1670–1870 12498:1636–1776 12492:1853–1863 12482:1620–1691 12476:1681–1776 12470:1763–1873 12458:1713–1867 12452:1859–1870 12446:1712–1776 12440:1583–1907 12434:1907–1949 12428:1664–1776 12416:1637–1662 12414:New Haven 12410:1680–1776 12404:1686–1689 12398:1784–1867 12386:1628–1983 12380:1655–1860 12366:1632–1776 12340:1655–1962 12333:1733–1776 12327:1674–1702 12321:1701–1776 12315:1636–1776 12309:1818–1846 12291:1663–1712 12283:1867–1931 12277:1841–1867 12271:1791–1841 12265:1791–1841 12253:1762–1974 12246:1763–1783 12240:1763–1978 12234:1754–1820 12225:1866–1871 12201:1871–1981 12194:1643–1860 12188:1624–1966 12182:1670–1973 12175:1860–1981 12168:1632–1860 12093:1898–1930 12087:1892–1971 12081:1921–1946 12075:1826–1946 12069:1945–1946 12063:1946–1963 12061:Singapore 12055:1946–1963 12043:1702–1705 12037:1786–1946 12031:1923–1948 12029:Palestine 12017:1946–1963 12005:1891–1971 11999:1920–1932 11993:1762–1764 11987:1796–1965 11979:1948–1957 11973:1946–1948 11967:1885–1946 11961:1895–1946 11949:1848–1946 11943:1918–1961 11937:1811–1816 11931:1858–1947 11925:1841–1997 11923:Hong Kong 11919:1878–1960 11913:1795–1948 11907:1888–1984 11901:1824–1948 11889:Mauritius 11879:1874–1963 11867:1757–1947 11861:1812–1824 11851:1685–1824 11849:Bencoolen 11843:1879–1919 11831:1839–1967 11746:1887–1897 11740:1890–1963 11734:1890–1962 11720:1900–1910 11718:Transvaal 11714:1922–1961 11708:1899–1956 11702:1893–1968 11700:Swaziland 11696:1900–1914 11684:1915–1931 11678:1910–1931 11672:1884–1960 11666:1792–1961 11660:1903–1976 11646:1900–1910 11640:1891–1964 11638:Nyasaland 11634:1924–1964 11628:1900–1914 11622:1914–1960 11616:1884–1900 11610:1856–1910 11604:1810–1968 11602:Mauritius 11598:1807–1808 11592:1862–1906 11586:1920–1963 11570:1816–1965 11564:1882–1922 11558:1895–1920 11552:1891–1907 11546:1806–1910 11540:1795–1803 11534:1919–1961 11532:Cameroons 11469:1813–1964 11463:1800–1813 11452:1921–1931 11437:1809–1864 11431:1807–1890 11422:Gibraltar 11417:1878–1960 11411:1794–1796 11365:*Current 11253:Religion 11217:1929-1939 11210:1924-1928 11203:1919-1923 11164:Censuses 10870:Districts 10854:Geography 10531:(1987) . 10328:(2001) . 10318:154745632 10215:(1987) . 10176:(2007) . 9967:Doubleday 9932:Routledge 9879:Routledge 9514:cite book 9378:cite book 9296:153944896 9247:Routledge 8555:The Times 7741:24 August 7683:143484109 7675:0891-4486 7018:The Times 6981:(2004) . 6949:, p. 391. 6646:The Times 6404:Tessler, 5863:Mandatory 5859:Palestine 5574:Jerusalem 5525:in 1925. 5515:Histadrut 5501:Education 5421:Palestine 5256:districts 5100:Shefa-Amr 5059:Beersheba 4977:Beit Jala 4731:Bethlehem 4280:Jerusalem 4186:1,076,780 4128:Beersheba 4067:Jerusalem 3675:District 3662:districts 3639: 500 3528:1,061,270 3525:1,764,520 3497:1,036,339 3458:Christian 3374:Beersheba 3311:Beersheba 3253:24,670.46 3239:16,925.81 3203:1,175.30 3175:6,317.29 2976:Beersheba 2941:Jerusalem 2602:Earl Peel 2436:Palestine 2335:Bethlehem 2325:, six in 2323:Jerusalem 2312:Al-Karmil 2176:Jerusalem 1996:West Bank 1909:wrote to 1855:Jerusalem 1842:civil war 1529:Black Sea 1488:Aliya Bet 1480:Mauritius 1472:Holocaust 1415:Brigadier 989:In 1930, 954:Elections 881:– unknown 760:elections 701:mandatory 680:Pālēśtīnā 660:Pālēśtīnā 640:Etymology 625:" in the 574:in 1922. 570:from the 523:in 1916, 515:After an 491:Palestine 142:Religion 118:Jerusalem 49:1920–1948 43:Palestine 13128:Category 12964:Colombia 12879:Kiribati 12756:Victoria 12696:Tasmania 12587:Virginia 12553:Stickeen 12541:Saybrook 12480:Plymouth 12426:New York 12364:Maryland 12356:Province 12319:Delaware 12289:Carolina 12281:Dominion 12275:Province 12238:Dominica 12186:Barbados 12158:Anguilla 12129:disputed 12110:Pakistan 11985:Maldives 11859:Billiton 11786:Rhodesia 11772:Tanzania 11768:Cameroon 11744:Zululand 11738:Zanzibar 11526:Botswana 11295:Category 11147:Olympics 11127:Football 10982:Security 10954:Passport 10918:Politics 10878:Dead Sea 10747:Archived 10723:Archived 10706:Archived 10689:Archived 10633:Archived 10599:Archived 10477:(1992). 10449:(2000). 10266:31 March 10139:(2006). 10108:(1997). 10041:(1973). 9959:(1998). 9852:(1979). 9766:(1972). 9731:16 April 9548:Archived 9535:, page 9 9439:Archived 9400:Archived 9354:(1991). 9332:Archived 9312:Archived 9089:, p. 138 8503:Archived 8483:Archived 8465:Archived 8301:Archived 8206:: 29–31. 8150:Archived 8080:Archived 7936:Archived 7515:Archived 7483:26 March 7457:27 March 7331:Archived 7280:(1947). 7267:landing. 7256:Archived 7232:Archived 7073:(2011), 7060:, Beirut 7050:Archived 6943:Archived 6807:4 August 6796:Covenant 6664:Archived 6379:Archived 6351:Archived 6266:(2018). 6248:Archived 6117:Archived 5971:Falastin 5788:See also 5519:Technion 5513:and the 4936:Ramallah 4895:Tulkarem 4690:Tiberias 4608:Nazareth 4178:150,540 4095:Ramallah 4089:253,270 3948:Samaria 3943:134,030 3915:409,290 3862:Tiberias 3806:Nazareth 3746:Galilee 3741:253,450 3256:1,514.25 3197:1,079.79 3169:5,503.18 3124:Category 2957:Ramallah 2870:Samaria 2820:Tiberias 2788:Nazareth 2752:Galilee 2716:District 2705:district 2400:Falastin 2384:Falastin 2376:Al-Difa' 2372:Falastin 2359:Al-Difa' 2343:Tulkarem 2318:Falastin 2294:Falastin 2225:Falastin 2197:Istanbul 2010:Politics 1998:and the 1850:Tel Aviv 1516:schooner 1505:SS 1470:and the 1392:Tarvisio 1345:Falastin 1248:Tel Aviv 1220:Tel Aviv 656:Filasţīn 609:, which 361:Currency 274:Cold War 13119:culture 12873:Vanuatu 12663:Oceania 12338:Jamaica 12331:Georgia 12251:Grenada 12206:Bermuda 12180:Bahamas 12166:Antigua 12047:Sarawak 11759:Namibia 11620:Nigeria 11596:Madeira 11516:Lesotho 11475:Minorca 11441:Ireland 11409:Corsica 11336:Former 11276:Judaism 11242:English 11189:Bedouin 11135:Kibbutz 11111:Culture 11066:Economy 10899:Rivers 10843:Zionism 10816:History 10437:1 April 10010:2 April 9668:Haaretz 9436:260–262 9329:Nations 9227:country 9110:, p. 17 8674:4 March 8447:, p. 28 8156:9 April 8041:, p. 46 7715:24 July 7607:4321940 7384:4467083 7170:General 6965:, p. 66 6723:360–362 6507:Haaretz 6167:. Zed. 5555:General 5541:Gallery 5356:Economy 5315:, 1941) 4254:Baha'is 4229:Muslims 4198:145,060 4192:608,230 4160:145,700 4117:48,930 4108:<1% 4077:102,520 4071:104,460 4061:93,120 4058:<1% 4052:<1% 4030:93,220 4008:Tulkarm 4002:94,600 3993:<1% 3974:61,210 3965:<1% 3903:295,160 3884:41,470 3856:56,970 3828:49,910 3800:24,950 3772:73,600 3729:119,020 3684:Jewish 3681:Muslim 3538:135,550 3533:553,600 3505:175,138 3500:761,922 3472:589,177 3469:752,048 3370:Bedouin 3217:286.76 3189:951.34 3147:146.77 3098:906.80 3050:193.70 3040:660.10 2906:Tulkarm 2473:Haganah 2462:Haganah 2404:Al-Difa 2392:Al-Liwa 2388:Al-Difa 2356:called 2291:-owned 1964:, with 1927:General 1886:made a 1874:in the 1872:Haganah 1811:as the 1803:in 1948 1776:leader 1619:Haganah 1547:Mefküre 1538:Mefküre 1527:in the 1501:Haganah 1428:there. 1410:(IDF). 1400:Berihah 1342:-based 1287:Haganah 1282:Palmach 1222:in 1942 1107:Haganah 963:At the 958:boycott 942:Islamic 926:Zionism 779:Tel Hai 766:of the 711:History 613:of the 525:British 311:• 288:• 150:Judaism 128:English 114:Capital 104:Mandate 13138:Portal 12958:Now a 12929:Guiana 12883:Tuvalu 12486:Quebec 12258:Canada 12199:Belize 12091:Weihai 12035:Penang 12023:Padang 11953:Malaya 11947:Labuan 11941:Kuwait 11917:Cyprus 11911:Ceylon 11905:Brunei 11877:Borneo 11871:Bhutan 11865:Bengal 11801:Zambia 11732:Uganda 11494:Africa 11467:Colony 11457:Malta 11415:Cyprus 11403:Cyprus 11387:Europe 11353:Legend 11247:Hebrew 11237:Arabic 11197:Jewish 11140:Moshav 10874:Lakes 10865:Survey 10744:online 10720:online 10703:Online 10686:online 10679:online 10656:(2010) 10644:Attlee 10611:(2014) 10596:online 10571: 10545: 10517: 10491: 10463: 10428: 10407: 10381: 10342: 10316: 10285: 10257: 10229: 10194: 10155: 10118: 10087: 10055: 10027: 10001: 9973: 9938: 9913: 9885: 9860: 9838: 9812: 9780: 9502: 9366: 9294: 9253: 9218: 9106: 9085: 9034: 9009:8 June 8918: 8838: 8443: 8367:un.org 8345: 8124: 8062:20 May 7980: 7896: 7801: 7776: 7706: 7681: 7673: 7636: 7605: 7567: 7512:online 7499:Attlee 7412: 7382: 7354: 7305: 7195: 7152:; and 7145: 7112: 7081: 7033:. Ed. 6991: 6855: 6568: 6543: 6276: 6221:17 May 6212: 6171: 6096: 5911:, the 5894:Hebrew 5879:Arabic 5869:, the 5696:, 1933 5599:, the 5509:, the 5494:Yishuv 5459:; the 5425:فلسطين 5286:millet 5281:millet 5268:millet 5250:, 1939 5231:264317 5186:139074 5141:Beisan 4813:Majdal 4649:Ramleh 4485:Nablus 4444:Hebron 4273:TOTAL 4264:Hindus 4183:Total 4150:7,000 4099:40,520 4083:46,130 4043:92,640 4039:Hebron 4018:16,180 4012:76,460 3984:92,810 3980:Nablus 3956:60,000 3931:31,590 3925:95,590 3909:17,790 3897:95,980 3889:Lydda 3872:13,640 3866:23,940 3838:47,310 3822:11,770 3810:30,160 3782:16,660 3778:Beisan 3766:11,800 3754:51,130 3735:33,710 3723:95,970 3715:Haifa 3707:Number 3701:Number 3695:Number 3690:Total 3655:desert 3649: 3643: 3637: 3631: 3625: 3619: 3613: 3607: 3601: 3595: 3589: 3554:growth 3543:14,100 3515:10,145 3510:89,134 3482:71,464 3477:83,790 3461:Other 3455:Jewish 3452:Muslim 3428:, the 3419:, 1938 3366:Arabic 3250:Total 3242:298.52 3222:Banana 3214:141.19 3211:145.57 3208:Citrus 3183:900.29 3172:814.10 3161:79.18 3133:Total 3066:16.50 2983:<1% 2964:<1% 2932:<1% 2925:Hebron 2897:<1% 2890:Nablus 2881:<1% 2835:Lydda 2772:Beisan 2733:Haifa 2685:dunams 2628:Plan D 2501:Aliyah 2440:Yishuv 2390:, and 1721:UNSCOP 1579:VE Day 1543:Morina 1533:Bulbul 1520:Struma 1507:Patria 1332:Nablus 1328:Berlin 1301:, the 1260:Yishuv 1230:, the 1180:Yishuv 1076:Nablus 1056:) and 1050:Beisan 1015:Ya'bad 991:Sheikh 969:Vienna 908:, the 783:attack 775:attack 605:, the 593:. The 548:France 538:. The 536:Levant 530:drove 528:forces 487:Israel 434:Israel 188: 136:Hebrew 132:Arabic 100:Status 12881:and * 12847:Nauru 12841:Samoa 12815:Tonga 12774:Papua 12384:Nevis 12269:Upper 12263:Lower 12106:India 11971:Union 11929:India 11899:Burma 11855:Banka 11706:Sudan 11608:Natal 11590:Lagos 11584:Kenya 11578:Ghana 11562:Egypt 11262:Islam 10554:2 May 10500:2 May 10390:2 May 10351:2 May 10314:S2CID 10238:2 May 10203:2 May 10164:2 May 10096:6 May 10064:2 May 9982:2 May 9947:5 May 9894:2 May 9821:2 May 9789:2 May 9721:(PDF) 9292:S2CID 9026:, by 8489:(PDF) 8234:3 May 8228:(PDF) 8221:(PDF) 7679:S2CID 7630:66–67 7603:JSTOR 7380:JSTOR 7251:(See 6433:(PDF) 6422:(PDF) 5845:Notes 5664:Jaffa 5481:Haifa 5473:Tnuva 5196:55043 5191:68622 5181:TOTAL 5018:Jenin 4567:Lydda 4526:Safad 4518:15947 4490:15238 4477:16577 4449:16074 4436:17480 4408:16722 4395:24634 4362:Haifa 4354:47709 4329:20152 4326:20699 4321:Jaffa 4313:62578 4291:14699 4288:33971 4285:13413 4269:Sikhs 4244:Druze 4172:1,300 4166:3,540 4132:6,270 4111:8,410 3996:1,560 3968:1,210 3952:Jenin 3937:5,840 3921:Ramle 3893:Jaffa 3878:2,470 3850:1,630 3844:7,170 3834:Safad 3816:7,980 3788:7,590 3760:3,030 3719:Haifa 3653:Negev 3571:2.7% 3545:(1%) 3535:(31%) 3530:(60%) 3522:1945 3517:(1%) 3507:(17%) 3502:(74%) 3494:1931 3489:(1%) 3487:7,617 3484:(10%) 3479:(11%) 3474:(78%) 3466:1922 3449:Total 3378:Druze 3327:Yibna 3319:Haifa 3303:Jaffa 3231:3.73 3200:95.51 3186:51.05 3158:42.33 3155:36.85 3144:70.11 3141:76.66 3138:Urban 3095:Total 3090:8.40 3082:8.50 3074:9.90 3058:9.70 3030:Area 2972:Gaza 2874:Jenin 2855:Ramle 2839:Jaffa 2804:Safad 2737:Haifa 2354:Jaffa 2331:Haifa 2327:Jaffa 1859:Haifa 1830:Negev 1801:Haifa 1774:Irgun 1763:Cairo 1657:Count 1611:Cairo 1340:Jaffa 1303:Nazis 1252:Haifa 1092:Irgun 1041:Haifa 1004:, an 979:riots 810:circa 730:1920s 328:Area 164:faith 162:Druze 146:Islam 12877:Now 12871:Now 12821:Niue 12762:Fiji 12464:1843 12392:1579 12112:and 12104:Now 11935:Java 11891:and 11857:and 11819:Asia 11799:Now 11757:Now 11268:Shia 11183:Arab 11173:1931 11168:1922 10969:Seal 10964:Flag 10569:ISBN 10556:2009 10543:ISBN 10515:ISBN 10502:2009 10489:ISBN 10461:ISBN 10439:2024 10426:ISBN 10405:ISBN 10392:2009 10379:ISBN 10353:2009 10340:ISBN 10283:ISBN 10268:2024 10255:ISBN 10240:2009 10227:ISBN 10205:2009 10192:ISBN 10166:2009 10153:ISBN 10129:2022 10116:ISBN 10098:2009 10085:ISBN 10066:2009 10053:ISBN 10025:ISBN 10012:2024 9999:ISBN 9984:2009 9971:ISBN 9949:2009 9936:ISBN 9911:ISBN 9896:2009 9883:ISBN 9858:ISBN 9836:ISBN 9823:2009 9810:ISBN 9791:2009 9778:ISBN 9733:2023 9588:2015 9520:link 9500:ISBN 9416:ibid 9384:link 9364:ISBN 9251:ISBN 9216:ISBN 9104:ISBN 9098:See 9083:ISBN 9077:See 9064:See 9032:ISBN 9011:2010 8916:ISBN 8836:ISBN 8819:2012 8726:2008 8676:2019 8441:ISBN 8427:2010 8343:ISBN 8236:2013 8158:2012 8122:ISBN 8064:2017 7978:ISBN 7894:ISBN 7832:See 7799:ISBN 7774:ISBN 7743:2013 7717:2013 7704:ISBN 7671:ISSN 7634:ISBN 7565:ISBN 7544:2012 7485:2013 7459:2013 7410:ISBN 7391:2023 7352:ISBN 7328:Link 7303:ISBN 7193:ISBN 7143:ISBN 7110:ISBN 7079:ISBN 7002:2022 6989:ISBN 6885:2005 6853:ISBN 6809:2014 6690:2018 6566:ISBN 6541:ISBN 6459:2016 6374:Time 6274:ISBN 6223:2013 6210:ISBN 6169:ISBN 6094:ISBN 6027:2024 5873:and 5724:YMCA 5692:The 5677:The 5447:The 5431:for 5174:1941 5146:1687 5133:2288 5111:1263 5092:2356 5064:2012 5051:2637 5023:2307 5010:3101 4988:3060 4969:3104 4947:2972 4928:3350 4900:3109 4887:3890 4859:3866 4846:5097 4818:5064 4805:6420 4783:1344 4777:4883 4772:Acre 4764:6658 4742:5838 4723:6950 4698:4427 4695:2096 4682:7312 4660:1440 4654:5837 4641:7424 4619:4885 4613:2486 4600:8103 4572:7166 4559:8761 4534:2986 4531:5431 4403:Gaza 4373:8863 4370:6230 4367:9377 4332:6850 4234:Jews 4195:33% 4189:58% 4163:97% 4156:Gaza 4135:90% 4123:Gaza 4114:17% 4102:83% 4086:18% 4080:40% 4074:41% 4046:99% 4021:17% 4015:82% 3987:98% 3959:98% 3934:24% 3928:71% 3906:72% 3900:24% 3875:33% 3869:58% 3847:13% 3841:83% 3825:24% 3819:16% 3813:60% 3791:30% 3785:67% 3769:16% 3757:69% 3750:Acre 3738:13% 3732:47% 3726:38% 3568:2.8% 3565:8.6% 3562:2.6% 3559:3.8% 3540:(8%) 3512:(9%) 3446:Year 3424:the 3399:The 3392:The 3228:1.43 3225:2.30 3046:PICA 3002:21% 2992:Gaza 2986:85% 2951:14% 2900:13% 2884:16% 2849:14% 2830:11% 2814:14% 2798:20% 2782:22% 2766:10% 2756:Acre 2747:23% 2608:and 2487:and 2424:and 2402:and 2374:and 2341:and 2339:Gaza 2315:and 2243:1929 2241:and 2239:1921 2164:and 1857:and 1693:The 1637:and 1601:and 1589:and 1541:and 1523:was 1476:Nazi 1435:and 1371:and 1336:Gaza 1334:and 1295:Axis 1250:and 1191:Lehi 1153:and 1058:Acre 934:Waqf 672:Alef 65:Flag 12962:of 10306:doi 9284:doi 8715:doi 8515:doi 8500:PDF 7663:doi 7158:403 7139:107 6307:doi 5877:. 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