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models, steam engines, and other examples of the budding industrial revolution were collected and lovingly displayed. The collection of the Teyler's was mostly based on scientific theory, while the collection of the Dutch
Society of Science was mostly based on scientific practise. The rooms in the Grote Houtstraat were filled with stuffed animals and other "naturalia", while the summer garden was a modern continuation of Linder's old
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and all publications of the Dutch
Society of Science, which Teyler had been a member of, but could not be on the board of, due to religious differences with the board. The criteria for purchase was always expense. If a Society member could afford to purchase it himself it was not worth adding to the
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51, van Marum lived there as concierge. He managed to scare off Linder by obtaining permission from the society to allow his servants to keep tips they received from cabinet visitors; a source of income that Linder had come to rely on. Then van Marum increased this salary to 300 from 100 by adding
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During the tenure of
Hendriks, van Marum himself was busy giving public demonstrations of electricity in the Oval room, but was also collecting in this period (this is why he was so involved with the lifestyle of the concierge of the Fundatiehuis, since he was there every day). He concentrated on
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Though the public is allowed access during the day to the museum rooms, the private rooms of Pieter Teyler in the "Fundatiehuis" are only open one day a year, on
Monument Day. Because of its rich scientific tradition, many noted scholars of Physics moved to Haarlem to work at Teyler's, including
167:. The Teyler legacy was split into three societies, one for religion, one for science, and one for the arts, known as the first, second, and third societies. The caretakers had to meet in Teyler's home weekly, and each society had 5 caretakers, so all of the gentlemen involved lived in Haarlem.
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The Teyler's Museum kept its role as a museum of scientific research (some of the periodical subscriptions he started are still running) and is a repository of important scientific demonstration models from the period. Not only items regarding electricity, but also weather stations, industrial
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collection. Any member could suggest purchases, however, which explains why the collection is filled with richly illustrated examples of contemporary publications. The most impressive of these are the large illustrated books of travellers. To view the collection, van Marum organised
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After his arrival in
Haarlem he began to practise medicine, but devoted himself mainly to lecturing on physical subjects and creating instruments to demonstrate physical theory. He must have made a big impression on Haarlem society, because he became a member of the
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Of van Marum's three categories, only the first was discontinued at the close of the 19th century. The collection of periodicals which has been expanded through exchange networks, contains uninterrupted series that are among the oldest in the world.
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hortus once located behind the original city hall quarters in the
Prinsenhof. Since Linder had not known any Latin, it was easier for Van Marum to entertain foreign visitors with stories of Linnaean trivia and of course, the Haarlem story of
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In 1794 van Marum became secretary as well as director of the Dutch
Society of Science. Under his management, both societies were advanced to the position of the most noted in Europe. Period travelogues mention both Museums.
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scientific publications for the Teyler library. He concentrated his efforts on three aspects: 1) Greek and Latin authors, among them the church fathers, 2) Works of natural history including
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on gases other than air. He found that ammonium gas deviated from Boyle's law with increasing pressure, and it liquified at 7 atm. With this, he was the first to liquify ammonium.
271:" as concierge and caretaker of the art collection. He left the next year because of continuous disagreements with van Marum over art and the opening hours of the museum.
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De geschiedenis van een verdwenen
Haarlemsch museum van natuurlijke historie. Het Kabinet van Naturalien van de Hollandsche Maatschappij der Wetenschappen 1759–1866.
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Martin van Marum in 1826. This portrait was commissioned by the
Teylers Museum, but van Marum hated it. He had another portrait painted by Hodges that he preferred.
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built in the 18th century and at the time a crowd pleaser for the young
Teylers museum. The demonstration model is still on display, as is a smaller version in the
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Van Marum received at first no salary, but by scaring off the former cabinet concierge Nicolaus Linder, he was able to collect Linder's' annual salary of 100
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The Teyler's museum created a new wing in 1996 to house a rotational display of van Marum's library collection, such as the works of
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Journal of a horticultural tour through some parts of Flanders, Holland, and the North of France, in the autumn of 1817
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Famous Oval room in the Teylers Museum painted by Wybrand Hendriks, showing Martin van Marum's "Electriseermachine".
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Van kastelein tot directeur. Teylers museum in de 20ste eeuw. Stichting Vrienden van Teylers Museum (1975–2000),
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was hired as curator of the art collection and lived in Pieter Teyler's former residence that was called the "
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Van der Vinne was an artist born into an important Haarlem artist family – he was the great-grandson of
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in the same year, but was named director and curator of their cabinet of curiosities in the next year.
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prints, most notably the purchase in Rome 1790 of a print & drawing collection formerly owned by
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because the Haarlemmers had more taste in the sciences than anywhere else in the Netherlands.
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Under his guidance the two societies slowly merged. His name is associated with the
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Ford, P. J. "Towards the absolute zero: The early history of low temperatures."
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In 1784, when the Teylers Museum opened its new 'Oval Room', the artist
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responsibilities to his list of duties, such as a summer garden in the
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Members of the Koninklijke Hollandsche Maatschappij der Wetenschappen
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163:(1702–1778), which led under his direction to the foundation of the
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This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
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Provinciaal Utrechtsch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen
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Members of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences
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Deugd boven geweld – Een geschiedenis van Haarlem 1245–1995
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in Pieter Teyler's library, a tradition that still exists.
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Bataafsch Genootschap der Proefondervindelijke wijsbegeerte
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384:. Historisch Werkgroep Haarlem en Gemeentearchief, 1995.
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Vergadering van Notabelen voor het departement Zuiderzee
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committee for the formation of the Koninklijk Instituut
230:, the largest electricity demonstration machine with
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190:from 27 August 1782, corresponding member of the
16:Dutch physician, inventor, scientist and teacher.
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148:Martinus van Marum's electrostatic generator at
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511:(11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
198:from 29 March 1814. In 1808 he was asked by
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99:Born in Delft, Van Marum moved to
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82:He researched on the validity of
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440:"Martinus van Marum (1750–1837)"
400:Johannes Abraham Bierens de Haan
369:South African Journal of Science
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194:from 1783, and a member of the
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625:19th-century Dutch physicists
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428:Google Books Library Project
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580:18th-century Dutch chemists
265:Vincent Jansz van der Vinne
186:from 1784, a member of the
161:Pieter Teyler van der Hulst
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525:Archives of North Holland
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72:Large electricity machine
534:Dutch Society of Science
416:p 188 van Marum's museum
110:Dutch Society of Science
508:Encyclopædia Britannica
406:Haarlem, F. Bohn, 1941.
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212:Jean Henri van Swinden
202:to be a member of the
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132:Curator of two museums
57:– 26 December 1837 in
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371:77.6 (1981): 244-248.
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276:Vincent van der Vinne
192:Académie des Sciences
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27:Charles Howard Hodges
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46:Dutch pronunciation:
25:Martin van Marum by
288:Christina of Sweden
159:left to Haarlem by
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305:gentleman evenings
228:Electriseermachine
182:, a member of the
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326:Nobel prize
296:travelogues
253:tulip mania
232:Leiden jars
206:along with
126:Rozenprieel
84:Boyle's law
544:Categories
536:(in Dutch)
355:References
284:Old Master
426:, on the
349:Naturalis
90:Biography
67:Lavoisier
63:Groningen
42:van Marum
328:winners
248:Linnaeus
117:guilders
103:in 1776
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446:17 July
101:Haarlem
59:Haarlem
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311:Legacy
240:Leiden
214:, and
34:Martin
55:Delft
471:ISBN
448:2015
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
