283:" engines are the most common, many larger (especially above 15 cc/0.90 ci displacement) model engines, both two-stroke and a growing number of four-stroke examples are spark ignition, and are primarily fueled with gasoline — with some examples of both two and four-stroke glow plug-designed methanol aeromodeling engines capable, with aftermarket upgrades, to having battery-powered, electronically controlled spark ignition systems replacing the glow plugs normally used. Model engines refitted in such a manner often run more efficiently on methanol-based glow plug engine fuels, often with the ability to exclude the use of nitromethane altogether in their fuel formulas.
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294:, and other yard equipment, unless they happen to be purpose-built for aeromodeling use, being especially true for four-stroke gasoline-fueled model engines. Such engines usually use a fuel that contains a small percentage of motor oil as a two-stroke engine uses for lubrication purposes, as most model four-stroke engines — be they glow plug or spark ignition — have no built-in reservoir for motor oil in their crankcase or engine block design.
29:
524:. They use compression ignition to ignite the mixture: the compression within the cylinder heats the inlet charge sufficiently to cause ignition, without requiring an applied ignition source. A fundamental feature of such engines, unlike petrol (gasoline) engines, is that they draw in air alone and the fuel is only mixed by being injected into the combustion chamber separately. Model diesel engines are instead a
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is not effective on such a small scale.) The valve reed, cross shaped above its retainer spring, is still beryllium copper alloy, in this old engine. The glow plug is built into the cylinder head. Large production volume makes it possible to use a machined cylinder and an extruded crank case (cut
341:
Images of a glowplug engine and a "diesel" engine are shown below for comparison. The most obvious external difference is seen on top of the cylinder head. The glowplug engine's glow plug has a pinlike terminal for its center contact, which is an electrical connector for the glowplug. The "diesel"
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models, all the way up to 3.05 in3 (50 cc) for the largest size for single-cylinder units, with twin- and multi-cylinder engines on the market being as small as 10 cc for opposed-cylinder twins, while going somewhat larger in size than 50 cc, and even upwards to well above 200 cc for some model
582:, sometimes reaching 30:1. Diesels also run significantly quieter, due to the more rapid combustion, unlike two-stroke glow engines, in which combustion may still be occurring when the exhaust ports are uncovered, causing a significant amount of noise.
551:. This variable compression is achieved by a "contra-piston", at the top of the cylinder, which can be adjusted by a screwed "T-bar". The swept volume of the engine remains the same, but as the volume of the combustion chamber at
444:, the type of glow plug, etc. A richer mixture will tend to cool the filament and so retard ignition, slowing the engine, and a rich mixture also eases starting. After starting the engine can easily be leaned (by adjusting a
180:, the behaviour of many engines does not always scale up or down at the same rate as the machine's size; usually at best causing a dramatic loss of power or efficiency, and at worst causing them not to work at all.
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Apart from sharing the diesel's use of compression ignition, their construction has more in common with a small two-stroke motorcycle or lawnmower engine. In addition to this, model diesels have variable
585:
Recent developments in model engineering have produced true diesel model engines, with a traditional injector and injector pump, and these engines operate in the same way as a large diesel engine.
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reaction of the methanol vapor to the presence of the platinum in the filament, thus causing the ignition. This keeps the plug's filament glowing hot, and allows it to ignite the next charge.
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An old Cox Golden Bee 0.049 cubic inch (0.8 cubic cm.) reed valve engine disassembled. The weight is two and a quarter ounces with the propeller and large fuel tank, but without fuel.
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The engine shown to the right has its carburetor in the center of the zinc alloy casting to the left. (It uses a flow restriction, like the choke on an old car engine, because the
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in the spraybar) to obtain maximum power. Glowplug engines are also known as nitro engines. Nitro engines require a 1.5 volt ignitor to light the glow plug in the
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Bee reed valve engines are notable for their low cost and ability to survive crashes. The components of the engine shown come from several different engines.
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may not be significantly superior to a glow engine, due to the heavier construction needed to assure that the engine can withstand the much higher
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is changed by adjusting the contra-piston, the compression ratio (swept volume + combustion chamber / combustion chamber) changes accordingly.
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engine has a T-bar which is used for adjusting the compression. The cylindrical object behind the glowplug engine is an exhaust silencer or
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The same Cox Golden Bee 0.049 assembled. The left rotating propeller and horizontal cylinder contribute to keeping the control lines tight.
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of fuel and air into the engine, with the proportions kept fairly constant and their total volume throttled to control the engine power.
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405:(around 1.5 volts) is applied to the glow plug, the engine is then started, and the voltage is removed. The burning of the fuel/air
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for best performance, range in typical size from .12 cubic inches (2 cubic centimeters) to 1.2 ci (19.6 cc) and generate between .5
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This article concerns itself with the methanol engines; gasoline-powered model engines are similar to those built for use in
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Glow plugs are used for starting as well as continuing the power cycle. The glow plug consists of a durable, mostly
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Diesel engines are an alternative to methanol glow plug engines. These "diesels" run on a mixture of
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The fully functional, albeit small, engines vary from the most common single-cylinder
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809:"AdriansModelAeroEngines.com :: Commercial British fuel history"
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Since the ignition timing is not controlled electrically, as in a
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The majority of model engines have used, and continue to use, the
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for greater power output and steadier idle, occurs due to the
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designs are also used. Most model engines run on a blend of
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321:, and rotary valve formats for induction and exhaust.
574:, and in a smaller displacement engine. However, the
497:, and the use of a kerosene fuel that is similar to
508:Full-size diesel engines, such as those found in a
246:model engines, most often designed since 1970 with
53:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
617:, used on model two-stroke engines since the 1970s
501:, model diesels share very little with full-size
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570:, because the same power is produced at a lower
305:, but a growing number of model engines use the
745:(four-stroke and model steam engine specialist)
279:. While the methanol and nitromethane blended "
785:"Model Engineers—Internal Combustion Engines"
462:Carbureted compression ignition model engine
409:in a glow-plug model engine, which requires
329:away by hand in the example shown). These
200:to the exotic single and multiple-cylinder
493:booster. Despite their name, their use of
301:principle to avoid needing valves in the
113:Learn how and when to remove this message
766:(YS) (two and four-stroke model engines)
558:Model diesels are found to produce more
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51:adding citations to reliable sources
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707:(two and four-stroke model engines)
640:(two and four-stroke model engines)
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813:www.adriansmodelaeroengines.com
38:needs additional citations for
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562:than glow engines of the same
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204:, the latter taking shape in
18:Model engine (disambiguation)
169:aircraft, or ground-running
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149:typically used to power a
147:internal combustion engine
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151:radio-controlled aircraft
600:Glow plug (model engine)
382:Glow plug (model engine)
232:, and lubricant (either
789:craftsmanshipmuseum.com
649:FX Royal Racing Engines
390:, helically wound wire
666:(rebranded OS Engines)
309:design instead. Both
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130:
836:K&B Manufacturing
654:K&B Manufacturing
535:for compression. The
460:Further information:
440:, the cooling of the
337:Comparison of engines
159:radio-controlled boat
136:
128:
495:compression ignition
432:, as in an ordinary
155:radio-controlled car
47:improve this article
16:For other uses, see
851:2014-02-03 at the
741:2014-02-03 at the
638:Enya Model Engines
549:compression ratios
396:combustion chamber
303:combustion chamber
188:are common fuels.
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131:
888:Engine technology
863:FOX Manufacturing
716:Picco Micromotori
644:FOX Manufacturing
633:Cox Model Engines
615:Schnuerle porting
580:compression ratio
438:compression ratio
307:four-stroke cycle
248:Schnuerle porting
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846:Saito Seisakusho
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103:December 2009
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58:Find sources:
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36:This article
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30:
25:
24:
19:
816:. Retrieved
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803:
792:. Retrieved
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711:OPS (engine)
705:O.S. Engines
690:Ninja Engine
610:Nitro engine
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564:displacement
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545:
540:
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491:amyl nitrate
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446:needle valve
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415:nitromethane
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319:poppet valve
315:rotary valve
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230:nitromethane
220:form, a few
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186:nitromethane
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167:control line
143:model engine
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45:Please help
40:verification
37:
873:COX Hobbies
731:Reds Racing
721:RB Products
675:GAUI GPOWER
539:supplies a
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516:and either
260:Four-stroke
202:four-stroke
163:free flight
145:is a small
882:Categories
818:2024-08-05
794:2024-08-05
771:References
749:Team Orion
726:rcvengines
537:carburetor
531:using the
529:two-stroke
526:carbureted
518:two-stroke
476:castor oil
398:. A small
311:reed valve
252:horsepower
244:Two-stroke
198:two-stroke
171:tether car
73:newspapers
695:Novarossi
605:Glow fuel
533:crankcase
450:heat sink
419:catalytic
292:chainsaws
281:glow fuel
849:Archived
739:Archived
589:See also
468:kerosene
411:methanol
392:filament
388:platinum
226:methanol
192:Overview
182:Methanol
700:nVision
541:mixture
407:mixture
403:voltage
344:muffler
173:model.
87:scholar
622:Makers
560:torque
512:, are
499:diesel
487:cetane
484:Amsoil
482:, and
434:diesel
273:inline
234:castor
218:radial
214:inline
210:v-twin
89:
82:
75:
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60:
868:MECOA
858:WEBRA
759:Webra
680:MECOA
510:truck
472:ether
275:and
269:boxer
256:watts
254:(370
206:boxer
94:JSTOR
80:books
313:and
240:).
216:and
184:and
66:news
572:rpm
520:or
489:or
478:or
331:Cox
236:or
49:by
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