127:
264:. In contrast, there are a number of independent university chairs in neuropathology and even institutes of neuropathology in German-speaking countries due to a different historical background. A physician who specializes in neuropathology, usually by completing a fellowship after a residency in anatomical or general pathology, is called a neuropathologist. In day-to-day clinical practice, a neuropathologist is a consultant for other physicians. If a disease of the nervous system is suspected, and the diagnosis cannot be made by less invasive methods, a
381:). The majority are members of the International Society of Neuropathology (ISN). For neuropathologists practicing within the United States of America please refer to the Membership Directory available through the American Association of Neuropathologists (AANP) website. There are also Membership Directories available for many of the neuropathology societies that exist in other specific countries and/or regions of the world (British, European, Canadian... etc.).
2052:
1368:
1398:
1408:
25:
1388:
117:
2064:
1378:
1610:
251:
Neuropathologists work in hospital labs and clinics, universities, or with the government depending on the situation. They often do not work with patients but only with medical professionals or other officials behind the scene. They research using information given to them by other neurologists and/
315:
UK. A neuropathologist has training in anatomic pathology followed by training in relation to diagnosis of diseases of the nervous system and muscle. The training in other
European and commonwealth countries is similar. In Canada, Neuropathologists complete a 5-year Royal College of Physicians and
247:
density testing (ENFD) is a more recently developed neuropathology test in which a punch skin biopsy is taken to identify small fiber neuropathies by analyzing the nerve fibers of the skin. This pathology test is becoming available in select labs as well as many universities; it replaces the
389:
A European Board
Examination in Neuropathology which emphasizes the importance of proper training in the neurosciences is currently being established (www.euro-cns.org). The most recent international congress of neuropathology was held in Tokyo, Japan, in September 2018.
216:
of disease. In addition to brain and spinal cord, tissues of the eyes, nerves, muscles, and tumors are examined. A biopsy is usually requested after a mass is detected by radiologic imaging, the imaging in turn driven by presenting signs and symptoms of a patient.
252:
or physicians. Neuropathologists may also research in coroner's or morgue offices for forensic projects. The ultimate goal of neuropathologists is to find the medical issue and then formulate a timeline in which to cure the patient's tissue.
319:
In addition to examining central nervous system tissue, the neuropathologist usually is assigned the task of examining muscle and peripheral nerve biopsies. Muscle biopsies are taken to aid in the diagnosis of muscle diseases (such as
299:
in a related field. Neuropathologists must have strong communication abilities as they must analyze results and be able to explain the results to patients and/ or physicians (in paper or verbally).
316:
Surgeons of Canada
Neuropathology residency including a year of clinical medicine and a year of anatomical pathology. It is quite common for neuropathologists to have PhDs in a related field.
357:
There are many neuropathologists around the world who have made important clinical and research contributions toward our understanding of diseases that specifically affect the brain (
237:
and other conditions that affect the central nervous system. Tissue samples are researched within the lab for diagnosis, and in forensic investigations to clarify the cause of death.
295:
in both anatomical and neuropathology. This is less specialized neuropathology training than in most other countries. It is also quite common for neuropathologists to have a
291:(DO) degree. They must finish either 3 or 4 years of an anatomical pathology residency followed by 2 years of a neuropathology fellowship and be certified by the
188:) rather than the tissues. In neuropathology, the branches of the specializations of nervous system as well as the tissues come together into one field of study.
324:, mitochondrial myopathy, etc.). Peripheral nerve is assessed to help work up patients with suspected peripheral neuropathies secondary to such conditions as
419:
537:
Hider, Robert C.; Kong, Xiaole (2013). "Chapter 8. Iron: Effect of
Overload and Deficiency". In Astrid Sigel, Helmut Sigel and Roland K. O. Sigel (ed.).
35:
402:
is the neuropathology journal with the highest impact factor. Some journals are sponsored by national or international neuropathology associations:
1972:
272:
is taken and sent to the neuropathologist, who examines it using a microscope or certain molecular methods to make a definitive diagnosis.
897:
1238:
510:
425:
409:
837:
1444:
275:
Many neuropathologists in Europe have a background in the clinical neurosciences (neurology, psychiatry) as well as pathology.
96:
1137:
311:
in the UK. A postgraduate qualification in neuropathology is obtained through training and an examination overseen by the
68:
1273:
615:
449:
75:
1952:
415:
54:
82:
1391:
1263:
697:
578:
288:
248:
traditional sural nerve biopsy test as less invasive. It is used to identify painful small fiber neuropathies.
2095:
2068:
1793:
312:
1947:
1768:
1243:
64:
1987:
887:
292:
1653:
1514:
1437:
867:
222:
1982:
1957:
1826:
1296:
358:
185:
43:
1921:
1896:
1821:
1728:
1633:
1529:
1088:
1010:
1005:
925:
685:
2090:
1758:
1469:
1464:
1068:
1042:
308:
39:
480:
1753:
1743:
1534:
1489:
660:
608:
374:
351:
343:
234:
2056:
1816:
1811:
1618:
1509:
1430:
1311:
1197:
1170:
1143:
1095:
1049:
744:
399:
378:
134:
126:
89:
2037:
1788:
1628:
1599:
1494:
1331:
1291:
1158:
972:
967:
947:
882:
734:
296:
261:
138:
502:
8:
1931:
1831:
1708:
1678:
1663:
1411:
1353:
1336:
995:
712:
229:, the work of the neuropathologist is to make post-mortem diagnosis of diseases such as
50:
2100:
2007:
1901:
1841:
1564:
1544:
1301:
1258:
1248:
1037:
990:
957:
952:
702:
680:
362:
284:
173:
172:, which often depend on neuropathology for a diagnosis. Neuropathology also relates to
161:
1926:
1861:
1836:
1688:
1648:
1397:
1371:
1253:
1223:
1202:
1165:
1148:
1063:
1027:
1017:
912:
832:
776:
739:
724:
665:
632:
601:
550:
307:
Neuropathologists are medically qualified practitioners who are registered with the
1967:
1851:
1778:
1693:
1574:
1524:
1381:
1073:
1058:
935:
810:
766:
542:
241:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2012:
1906:
1846:
1783:
1698:
1658:
1643:
1594:
1584:
1539:
1401:
1346:
1207:
1192:
1175:
1115:
1110:
1054:
1032:
729:
675:
655:
403:
398:
Academic neuropathology is served by several specialist neuropathology journals.
347:
546:
1992:
1962:
1891:
1866:
1856:
1703:
1673:
1559:
1479:
1233:
1187:
1000:
930:
749:
269:
177:
260:
In many
English-speaking countries neuropathology is considered a subfield of
2084:
1916:
1911:
1876:
1773:
1763:
1723:
1569:
1504:
1499:
1316:
1105:
1100:
962:
902:
805:
2002:
1997:
1881:
1713:
1638:
1589:
1579:
1554:
1549:
1519:
1453:
1321:
1306:
1132:
857:
707:
692:
638:
554:
321:
169:
1871:
1718:
1180:
1125:
1022:
877:
852:
670:
541:. Metal Ions in Life Sciences. Vol. 13. Springer. pp. 229–294.
370:
329:
244:
209:
408:
is the official journal of the
International Society of Neuropathology,
2032:
1733:
1268:
1153:
1120:
892:
842:
827:
822:
815:
800:
790:
325:
181:
152:
of nervous system tissue, usually in the form of either small surgical
130:
53:
if you can. Unsourced or poorly sourced material may be challenged and
1977:
1668:
1341:
1083:
1078:
942:
920:
795:
759:
583:
354:
is named, is considered an important early contributor to the field.
213:
184:, which refers to disorders of the nerves themselves (usually in the
165:
1886:
847:
624:
432:
is the official journal of the
Japanese Society of Neuropathology.
230:
588:
1326:
786:
754:
647:
226:
218:
197:
157:
149:
1422:
366:
265:
225:
scans are also used to discover lesions in the patient. As for
201:
196:
The work of the neuropathologist consists largely of examining
153:
539:
Interrelations between
Essential Metal Ions and Human Diseases
579:
568:
205:
593:
338:
1609:
573:
346:
is considered one of the founders of modern neuroanatomy.
472:
302:
176:
because brain disease or brain injury can be related to
421:
335:
Neuropathology is a heavily research-oriented field.
164:, but work closely with the clinical disciplines of
160:. Neuropathologists usually work in a department of
589:
Neuropathology web site by Dimitri Agamanolis, M.D.
2082:
49:Please review the contents of the article and
1438:
609:
180:. Neuropathology should not be confused with
1973:Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring
470:
1445:
1431:
898:Reproductive endocrinology and infertility
616:
602:
255:
1239:Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery
569:American Association of Neuropathologists
536:
426:American Association of Neuropathologists
411:Neuropathology & Applied Neurobiology
16:Study of disease of nervous system tissue
339:Prominent historical and current figures
283:Neuropathologists are physicians with a
125:
584:International Society of Neuropathology
240:Biopsies can also consist of the skin.
2083:
303:In the UK/Canadian/Commonwealth system
1426:
597:
2063:
1377:
1138:Physical medicine and rehabilitation
18:
1387:
278:
13:
1274:Medical Scientist Training Program
529:
483:from the original on 22 March 2018
14:
2112:
1953:Development of the nervous system
574:British Neuropathological Society
562:
513:from the original on 9 April 2018
416:British Neuropathological Society
2062:
2051:
2050:
1608:
1452:
1406:
1396:
1386:
1376:
1367:
1366:
115:
23:
1407:
424:is the official journal of the
1264:Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine
698:Oral and maxillofacial surgery
495:
464:
442:
289:Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine
191:
51:add the appropriate references
1:
1794:Social cognitive neuroscience
473:"American Board of Pathology"
435:
313:Royal College of Pathologists
1769:Molecular cellular cognition
1244:Bachelor of Medical Sciences
1011:Neurosurgical anesthesiology
623:
535:Neuropathology and iron, in
7:
1988:Neurodevelopmental disorder
1963:Neural network (biological)
1958:Neural network (artificial)
547:10.1007/978-94-007-7500-8_8
393:
384:
293:American Board of Pathology
36:reliable medical references
10:
2117:
1515:Computational neuroscience
2046:
1983:Neurodegenerative disease
1940:
1827:Evolutionary neuroscience
1802:
1742:
1617:
1606:
1478:
1460:
1362:
1284:
1222:
983:
911:
866:
775:
646:
631:
186:peripheral nervous system
42:or relies too heavily on
1948:Brain–computer interface
1897:Neuromorphic engineering
1822:Educational neuroscience
1729:Nutritional neuroscience
1634:Clinical neurophysiology
1530:Integrative neuroscience
1198:Transplantation medicine
1089:Clinical neurophysiology
1006:Obstetric anesthesiology
926:Interventional radiology
686:Digestive system surgery
350:, the person after whom
1759:Behavioral neuroscience
1069:Intensive care medicine
1043:Mass gathering medicine
888:Maternal–fetal medicine
503:"Acta Neuropathologica"
309:General Medical Council
256:Focus of specialization
1754:Affective neuroscience
1535:Molecular neuroscience
1490:Behavioral epigenetics
661:Cardiothoracic surgery
379:neuromuscular diseases
344:Santiago Ramon y Cajal
142:
1817:Cultural neuroscience
1812:Consumer neuroscience
1654:Neurogastroenterology
1510:Cellular neuroscience
1312:Personalized medicine
1171:Reproductive medicine
1096:Occupational medicine
1050:Evolutionary medicine
400:Acta Neuropathologica
359:degenerative diseases
135:vasculitic neuropathy
129:
2096:Anatomical pathology
1789:Sensory neuroscience
1629:Behavioral neurology
1600:Systems neuroscience
1332:Traditional medicine
1292:Alternative medicine
1159:Addiction psychiatry
973:Transfusion medicine
968:Medical microbiology
883:Gynecologic oncology
735:Reproductive surgery
414:is sponsored by the
262:anatomical pathology
139:Toluidine blue stain
137:. Plastic embedded.
1932:Social neuroscience
1832:Global neurosurgery
1709:Neurorehabilitation
1679:Neuro-ophthalmology
1664:Neurointensive care
1495:Behavioral genetics
1354:History of medicine
1337:Veterinary medicine
1144:Preventive medicine
996:Adolescent medicine
838:Infectious diseases
352:Alzheimer's disease
235:Parkinson's disease
2008:Neuroimmune system
1902:Neurophenomenology
1842:Neural engineering
1565:Neuroendocrinology
1545:Neural engineering
1302:Molecular oncology
1259:Doctor of Medicine
1249:Master of Medicine
1166:Radiation oncology
1038:Emergency medicine
991:Addiction medicine
958:Clinical chemistry
953:Clinical pathology
745:Transplant surgery
703:Orthopedic surgery
681:Colorectal surgery
471:elevationweb.org.
363:multiple sclerosis
285:Doctor of Medicine
174:forensic pathology
162:anatomic pathology
143:
2078:
2077:
1927:Paleoneurobiology
1862:Neuroepistemology
1837:Neuroanthropology
1803:Interdisciplinary
1689:Neuropharmacology
1649:Neuroepidemiology
1420:
1419:
1254:Master of Surgery
1218:
1217:
1203:Tropical medicine
1149:Prison healthcare
1064:Hospital medicine
1028:Disaster medicine
1018:Aviation medicine
833:Hospital medicine
740:Surgical oncology
725:Pediatric surgery
719:
666:Endocrine surgery
124:
123:
100:
2108:
2066:
2065:
2054:
2053:
1968:Detection theory
1852:Neurocriminology
1779:Neurolinguistics
1694:Neuroprosthetics
1612:
1575:Neuroinformatics
1525:Imaging genetics
1447:
1440:
1433:
1424:
1423:
1410:
1409:
1400:
1390:
1389:
1380:
1379:
1370:
1369:
1074:Medical genetics
1059:General practice
936:Nuclear medicine
811:Gastroenterology
767:Vascular surgery
717:
644:
643:
618:
611:
604:
595:
594:
558:
523:
522:
520:
518:
499:
493:
492:
490:
488:
468:
462:
461:
459:
457:
450:"Neuropathology"
446:
279:In the US system
204:tissue from the
148:is the study of
119:
118:
110:
107:
101:
99:
65:"Neuropathology"
58:
27:
26:
19:
2116:
2115:
2111:
2110:
2109:
2107:
2106:
2105:
2081:
2080:
2079:
2074:
2042:
2028:Neurotechnology
2023:Neuroplasticity
2018:Neuromodulation
2013:Neuromanagement
1936:
1907:Neurophilosophy
1804:
1798:
1784:Neuropsychology
1745:
1738:
1699:Neuropsychiatry
1659:Neuroimmunology
1644:Neurocardiology
1620:
1613:
1604:
1595:Neurophysiology
1585:Neuromorphology
1540:Neural decoding
1481:
1474:
1456:
1451:
1421:
1416:
1358:
1347:Chief physician
1280:
1225:
1214:
1208:Travel medicine
1193:Sports medicine
1176:Sexual medicine
1116:Palliative care
1111:Pain management
1055:Family medicine
1033:Diving medicine
979:
907:
869:
862:
778:
771:
730:Plastic surgery
676:General surgery
656:Cardiac surgery
637:
635:
627:
622:
565:
532:
530:Further reading
527:
526:
516:
514:
501:
500:
496:
486:
484:
469:
465:
455:
453:
448:
447:
443:
438:
405:Brain Pathology
396:
387:
348:Alois Alzheimer
341:
305:
281:
258:
194:
120:
116:
111:
105:
102:
59:
48:
44:primary sources
28:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2114:
2104:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2091:Neuropathology
2076:
2075:
2073:
2072:
2060:
2047:
2044:
2043:
2041:
2040:
2038:Self-awareness
2035:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1993:Neurodiversity
1990:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1944:
1942:
1938:
1937:
1935:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1892:Neuromarketing
1889:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1867:Neuroesthetics
1864:
1859:
1857:Neuroeconomics
1854:
1849:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1829:
1824:
1819:
1814:
1808:
1806:
1800:
1799:
1797:
1796:
1791:
1786:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1766:
1761:
1756:
1750:
1748:
1740:
1739:
1737:
1736:
1731:
1726:
1721:
1716:
1711:
1706:
1704:Neuroradiology
1701:
1696:
1691:
1686:
1684:Neuropathology
1681:
1676:
1674:Neuro-oncology
1671:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1625:
1623:
1615:
1614:
1607:
1605:
1603:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1560:Neurochemistry
1557:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1492:
1486:
1484:
1476:
1475:
1473:
1472:
1467:
1461:
1458:
1457:
1450:
1449:
1442:
1435:
1427:
1418:
1417:
1415:
1414:
1404:
1394:
1384:
1374:
1363:
1360:
1359:
1357:
1356:
1351:
1350:
1349:
1339:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1288:
1286:
1285:Related topics
1282:
1281:
1279:
1278:
1277:
1276:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1236:
1234:Medical school
1230:
1228:
1220:
1219:
1216:
1215:
1213:
1212:
1211:
1210:
1200:
1195:
1190:
1188:Sleep medicine
1185:
1184:
1183:
1173:
1168:
1163:
1162:
1161:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1135:
1130:
1129:
1128:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1092:
1091:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1066:
1061:
1052:
1047:
1046:
1045:
1035:
1030:
1025:
1020:
1015:
1014:
1013:
1008:
1001:Anesthesiology
998:
993:
987:
985:
981:
980:
978:
977:
976:
975:
970:
965:
960:
955:
950:
940:
939:
938:
933:
931:Neuroradiology
928:
917:
915:
909:
908:
906:
905:
900:
895:
890:
885:
880:
874:
872:
868:Obstetrics and
864:
863:
861:
860:
855:
850:
845:
840:
835:
830:
825:
820:
819:
818:
808:
803:
798:
793:
783:
781:
773:
772:
770:
769:
764:
763:
762:
752:
750:Trauma surgery
747:
742:
737:
732:
727:
722:
721:
720:
713:Otolaryngology
710:
705:
700:
695:
690:
689:
688:
683:
673:
668:
663:
658:
652:
650:
641:
639:subspecialties
629:
628:
621:
620:
613:
606:
598:
592:
591:
586:
581:
576:
571:
564:
563:External links
561:
560:
559:
531:
528:
525:
524:
494:
477:www.abpath.org
463:
440:
439:
437:
434:
430:Neuropathology
395:
392:
386:
383:
340:
337:
304:
301:
280:
277:
270:nervous tissue
257:
254:
193:
190:
178:cause of death
156:or whole-body
146:Neuropathology
122:
121:
114:
112:
31:
29:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2113:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2088:
2086:
2071:
2070:
2061:
2059:
2058:
2049:
2048:
2045:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1945:
1943:
1939:
1933:
1930:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1922:Neurotheology
1920:
1918:
1917:Neurorobotics
1915:
1913:
1912:Neuropolitics
1910:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1877:Neuroethology
1875:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1858:
1855:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1835:
1833:
1830:
1828:
1825:
1823:
1820:
1818:
1815:
1813:
1810:
1809:
1807:
1801:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1787:
1785:
1782:
1780:
1777:
1775:
1774:Motor control
1772:
1770:
1767:
1765:
1764:Chronobiology
1762:
1760:
1757:
1755:
1752:
1751:
1749:
1747:
1741:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1724:Neurovirology
1722:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1707:
1705:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1665:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1626:
1624:
1622:
1616:
1611:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1570:Neurogenetics
1568:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1518:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1505:Brain-reading
1503:
1501:
1500:Brain mapping
1498:
1496:
1493:
1491:
1488:
1487:
1485:
1483:
1477:
1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1462:
1459:
1455:
1448:
1443:
1441:
1436:
1434:
1429:
1428:
1425:
1413:
1405:
1403:
1399:
1395:
1393:
1385:
1383:
1375:
1373:
1365:
1364:
1361:
1355:
1352:
1348:
1345:
1344:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1317:Public health
1315:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1297:Allied health
1295:
1293:
1290:
1289:
1287:
1283:
1275:
1272:
1271:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1231:
1229:
1227:
1221:
1209:
1206:
1205:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1182:
1179:
1178:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1160:
1157:
1156:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1139:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1127:
1124:
1123:
1122:
1119:
1117:
1114:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1106:Oral medicine
1104:
1102:
1101:Ophthalmology
1099:
1097:
1094:
1090:
1087:
1086:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1065:
1062:
1060:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1044:
1041:
1040:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1026:
1024:
1021:
1019:
1016:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1003:
1002:
999:
997:
994:
992:
989:
988:
986:
982:
974:
971:
969:
966:
964:
963:Cytopathology
961:
959:
956:
954:
951:
949:
946:
945:
944:
941:
937:
934:
932:
929:
927:
924:
923:
922:
919:
918:
916:
914:
910:
904:
903:Urogynecology
901:
899:
896:
894:
891:
889:
886:
884:
881:
879:
876:
875:
873:
871:
865:
859:
856:
854:
851:
849:
846:
844:
841:
839:
836:
834:
831:
829:
826:
824:
821:
817:
814:
813:
812:
809:
807:
806:Endocrinology
804:
802:
799:
797:
794:
792:
788:
785:
784:
782:
780:
774:
768:
765:
761:
758:
757:
756:
753:
751:
748:
746:
743:
741:
738:
736:
733:
731:
728:
726:
723:
716:
715:
714:
711:
709:
706:
704:
701:
699:
696:
694:
691:
687:
684:
682:
679:
678:
677:
674:
672:
669:
667:
664:
662:
659:
657:
654:
653:
651:
649:
645:
642:
640:
634:
630:
626:
619:
614:
612:
607:
605:
600:
599:
596:
590:
587:
585:
582:
580:
577:
575:
572:
570:
567:
566:
556:
552:
548:
544:
540:
534:
533:
512:
508:
504:
498:
482:
478:
474:
467:
451:
445:
441:
433:
431:
427:
423:
422:
417:
413:
412:
407:
406:
401:
391:
382:
380:
376:
372:
368:
364:
360:
355:
353:
349:
345:
336:
333:
331:
327:
323:
317:
314:
310:
300:
298:
294:
290:
286:
276:
273:
271:
267:
263:
253:
249:
246:
243:
238:
236:
232:
228:
224:
220:
215:
211:
207:
203:
199:
189:
187:
183:
179:
175:
171:
167:
163:
159:
155:
151:
147:
140:
136:
132:
128:
113:
109:
106:November 2018
98:
95:
91:
88:
84:
81:
77:
74:
70:
67: –
66:
62:
61:Find sources:
56:
52:
46:
45:
41:
37:
32:This article
30:
21:
20:
2067:
2055:
2003:Neuroimaging
1998:Neurogenesis
1882:Neurohistory
1847:Neurobiotics
1746:neuroscience
1714:Neurosurgery
1683:
1639:Epileptology
1621:neuroscience
1590:Neurophysics
1580:Neurometrics
1555:Neurobiology
1550:Neuroanatomy
1520:Connectomics
1454:Neuroscience
1322:Rural health
1307:Nanomedicine
858:Rheumatology
789: /
708:Hand surgery
693:Neurosurgery
538:
515:. Retrieved
507:springer.com
506:
497:
485:. Retrieved
476:
466:
454:. Retrieved
444:
429:
420:
410:
404:
397:
388:
371:brain tumors
356:
342:
334:
322:polymyositis
318:
306:
282:
274:
259:
250:
239:
195:
170:neurosurgery
145:
144:
103:
93:
86:
79:
72:
60:
40:verification
33:
1872:Neuroethics
1719:Neurotology
1392:Wikiproject
1181:Venereology
1126:Neonatology
1023:Dermatology
878:Gynaecology
870:gynaecology
853:Pulmonology
671:Eye surgery
633:Specialties
428:(AANP) and
330:amyloidosis
245:nerve fiber
210:spinal cord
192:Methodology
34:needs more
2085:Categories
2033:Neurotoxin
1734:Psychiatry
1154:Psychiatry
1140:(PM&R)
1133:Phlebology
1121:Pediatrics
948:Anatomical
913:Diagnostic
893:Obstetrics
843:Nephrology
828:Hematology
823:Geriatrics
816:Hepatology
801:Cardiology
791:Immunology
436:References
326:vasculitis
212:to aid in
182:neuropathy
131:Micrograph
76:newspapers
2101:Neurology
1978:Neurochip
1744:Cognitive
1669:Neurology
1342:Physician
1226:education
1084:Neurology
1079:Narcology
943:Pathology
921:Radiology
796:Angiology
760:Andrology
456:4 October
242:Epidermal
227:autopsies
214:diagnosis
166:neurology
158:autopsies
2057:Category
1941:Concepts
1887:Neurolaw
1619:Clinical
1372:Category
848:Oncology
779:medicine
777:Internal
625:Medicine
555:24470094
511:Archived
481:Archived
394:Journals
385:Progress
287:(MD) or
231:dementia
154:biopsies
2069:Commons
1482:science
1470:History
1465:Outline
1412:Outline
1382:Commons
1327:Therapy
1224:Medical
787:Allergy
755:Urology
648:Surgery
517:9 April
487:9 April
198:autopsy
150:disease
90:scholar
55:removed
1805:fields
1402:Portal
1269:MD–PhD
553:
452:. UPMC
418:, the
375:trauma
367:stroke
266:biopsy
202:biopsy
168:, and
92:
85:
78:
71:
63:
1480:Basic
984:Other
297:Ph.D.
206:brain
133:of a
97:JSTOR
83:books
551:PMID
519:2018
489:2018
458:2020
377:and
328:and
221:and
208:and
69:news
38:for
718:ENT
636:and
543:doi
268:of
223:MRI
200:or
2087::
1057:/
549:.
509:.
505:.
479:.
475:.
373:,
369:,
365:,
361:,
332:.
233:,
219:CT
57:.
1446:e
1439:t
1432:v
617:e
610:t
603:v
557:.
545::
521:.
491:.
460:.
141:.
108:)
104:(
94:·
87:·
80:·
73:·
47:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
