419:
433:
394:
444:
405:
455:
77:
50:
390:. The authors were unable to propose revised genera as not all the species were sampled and not all the nodes in their phylogenies were strongly supported. A subsequent study published in 2016, that included 37 of the 42 Muscicapini species, confirmed that the genera were non-monophyletic and proposed a reorganised arrangement of the species with several new or resurrected genera.
299:
in an article published in 1951. Their large family, Muscicapidae, which they termed the "primitive insect eaters" contained 1460 species divided into eight subfamilies. The use of the extended group was endorsed by a committee set up following the
Eleventh International Ornithological Congress held
987:
study of the family by Min Zhao and collaborators that was published in 2023. Some regions of the phylogenetic tree were not strongly supported by the sequence data. Both the genera included and the number of species in each genera are taken from the list of birds maintained by
308:
and others showed that the subfamilies were not closely related to one another. As a result, the large group was broken up into a number of separate families, although for a while most authorities continued to retain the thrushes in
Muscicapidae. In 1998 the
2882:
are either well-constructed cups placed in a tree or cliff ledge, or simply lining in a pre-existing tree hole. The hole-nesting species tend to lay larger clutches, with an average of eight eggs, rather than just two to five.
3403:
Sangster, G.; Alström, P.; Forsmark, E.; Olsson, U. (2010). "Multi-locus phylogenetic analysis of Old World chats and flycatchers reveals extensive paraphyly at family, subfamily and genus level (Aves: Muscicapidae)".
2863:
The appearance of these birds is very varied, but they mostly have weak songs and harsh calls. They are small to medium birds, ranging from 9 to 22 cm in length. Many species are dull brown in colour, but the
2868:
of some can be much brighter, especially in the males. Most have broad, flattened bills suited to catching insects in flight, although the few ground-foraging species typically have finer bills.
361:
studies have shown that the species in these four genera are more closely related to species in
Muscicapidae. As a consequence, these four genera are now placed here. In contrast, the genus
2899:
The ornithologist Dario Zuccon pointed out that when George
Sangster and colleagues erected the name "Niltavinae" for the subfamily, they did not provide a description as required by the
3290:
326:
2871:
Old World flycatchers live in almost every environment with a suitable supply of trees, from dense forest to open scrub, and even the montane woodland of the
4162:
4041:
4080:
2900:
3069:
Die Vögel der paläarktischen Fauna systematische Übersicht der in Europa, Nord-Asien und der
Mittelmeerregion vorkommenden Vögel. Volume 1
3843:
3016:
3309:
4015:
3361:
Voelker, G.; Spellman, G.M. (2004). "Nuclear and mitochondrial DNA evidence of polyphyly in the avian superfamily
Muscicapoidea".
4054:
997:
466:
3448:
3342:
3207:
3024:
2988:
Ornithologie; ou, Méthode contenant la division des oiseaux en ordres, sections, genres, espéces & leurs variétés. &c
4059:
3614:
Robin, V.V.; Vishnudas, C. K.; Gupta, Pooja; Rheindt, Frank E.; Hooper, Daniel M.; Ramakrishnan, Uma; Reddy, Sushma (2017).
3464:
Zuccon, D.; Ericson, P.G.P. (2010). "A multi-gene phylogeny disentangles the chat-flycatcher complex (Aves: Muscicapidae)".
3232:
3010:
477:
418:
3745:
3043:
3039:
3806:
3754:
3303:
432:
310:
4129:
3994:
3705:"A near-complete and time-calibrated phylogeny of the Old World flycatchers, robins and chats (Aves, Muscicapidae)"
4085:
2912:
Dario Zuccon has argued that the correct name for the
African forest robins assemblage is Cossyphinae (type genus
4007:
3616:"Two new genera of songbirds represent endemic radiations from the Shola Sky Islands of the Western Ghats, India"
2946:
The philosophy of zoology; or a general view of the structure, functions, and classification of animals. Volume 2
393:
3139:. American Museum Novitates, Number 1496. New York: American Museum of Natural History. pp. 17–19, 36–37.
4067:
291:(Monarch flycatchers). Forty years later, a similar arrangement was adopted by the American ornithologists
443:
3937:
283:(thrushes). He therefore treated them as subfamilies of an extended flycatcher family that also included
76:
57:
32:
3942:
3255:
989:
404:
4134:
4095:
2940:
493:
301:
243:
153:
2983:
325:
The family formerly included fewer species. At the time of the publication of the third edition of
253:
3673:
2916:
780:
469:
recognises 351 species and divides the family into 54 genera. Subdivisions have been proposed by
4121:
230:
on the wing. The family is relatively large and includes 351 species, which are divided into 54
3915:
3877:
3863:
984:
371:
358:
3825:
4157:
4116:
4046:
3767:
2875:. The more northerly species migrate south in winter, ensuring a continuous diet of insects.
1920:
1159:
4108:
3963:
3924:
3627:
3857:
3837:
8:
3441:
The Howard & Moore
Complete Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 2, Passerines
3259:
3631:
3650:
3615:
3481:
3187:. Vol. 11. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. pp. v–vi.
3100:
3048:
938:
677:
422:
71:
3374:
454:
4103:
3950:
3929:
3802:
3750:
3726:
3655:
3570:
3526:
3477:
3444:
3421:
3378:
3338:
3299:
3228:
3203:
3104:
3020:
2651:
2227:
827:
568:
408:
215:
28:
3592:
3485:
3182:
3067:
2995:
2991:
2944:
3852:
3716:
3677:
3645:
3635:
3560:
3516:
3473:
3413:
3370:
3159:
3140:
3092:
3087:. In del Hoyo, J.; Elliott, A.; Sargatal, J.; Christie, D.A.; de Juana, E. (eds.).
2965:
2161:
1403:
993:
811:
748:
591:
367:
which was previously placed in
Muscicapidae has been shown to belong in Turdidae.
275:
found it impossible to define boundaries between the three families
Muscicapidae,
3955:
3053:
2743:
1191:
969:
538:
470:
313:
chose to treat the thrushes as a separate family in the seventh edition of their
4072:
3721:
3704:
3521:
3500:
3417:
374:
studies of species within Muscicapidae published in 2010 showed that the genera
4002:
3989:
506:
337:
305:
3703:
Zhao, M.; Gordon Burleigh, J.; Olsson, U.; Alström, P.; Kimball, R.T. (2023).
3640:
3565:
3548:
3298:(7th ed.). Washington D.C.: American Ornithologists' Union. p. 495.
49:
4151:
3900:
3832:
2964:. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History Issue 222. p. 116.
2710:
2633:
2526:
2116:
1970:
1035:
961:
930:
898:
787:
272:
138:
3288:
3263:
242:
The name Muscicapa for the family was introduced by the Scottish naturalist
3730:
3659:
3574:
3530:
3443:(4th ed.). Eastbourne, U.K.: Aves Press. pp. 584, 598, 601, 607.
3425:
3382:
3096:
2386:
1818:
1752:
1734:
1088:
1060:
866:
716:
700:
692:
514:
387:
343:
3501:"Resolving taxonomic uncertainty and historical biogeographic patterns in
4028:
3909:
3749:. Volume 11: Old World Flycatchers to Old World Warblers. Lynx Edicions.
3132:
3072:(in German). Vol. 1. Berlin: R. Friedländer & Sohn. p. 469.
2692:
2551:
1988:
1843:
1793:
1472:
1241:
945:
906:
775:
756:
724:
708:
616:
560:
553:
296:
288:
223:
1646:– blue flycatchers, jungle flycatchers (36 species) many taxa unsampled
3549:"Niltavinae, a new taxon of Old World flycatchers (Aves: Muscicapidae)"
3128:
2903:. Sangster and colleagues subsequently published a description in 2016.
2716:
2351:
2327:
2033:
1945:
1554:
1291:
1266:
953:
858:
843:
764:
740:
640:
292:
284:
207:
3856:
264:
258:
4033:
3976:
3144:
2879:
2872:
2576:
2404:
2345:
2245:
1702:
1504:
1397:
1379:
1106:
980:
914:
874:
851:
835:
684:
624:
599:
584:
522:
349:
331:
276:
248:
191:
184:
128:
88:
4020:
3871:
2969:
3981:
3894:
2601:
2501:
2440:
2288:
2202:
2134:
1861:
1624:
1216:
922:
890:
882:
819:
803:
795:
732:
656:
545:
354:
280:
108:
3836:
3499:
Voelker, G.; Huntley, J.W.; Peñalba, J.V.; Bowie, R.C.K. (2016).
3335:
The Howard and Moore Complete Checklist of the Birds of the World
2865:
1642:
1572:
1529:
1309:
1064:– scrub robins (c. 5 species) Zhao et al. (2023) resurrect genus
664:
648:
632:
576:
3702:
3084:
2949:. Vol. 2. Edinburgh: Hurst, Robinson & Co. p. 240.
222:), found also in North America. These are mainly small arboreal
3547:
Sangster, G.; Alström, P.; Forsmark, Émile; Olsson, U. (2016).
3200:
A Supplement to Distribution and Taxonomy of Birds of the World
363:
231:
199:
195:
98:
3743:
del Hoyo, J.; Elliot, A. & Christie D. (editors). (2006).
3968:
3546:
3402:
327:
Howard and Moore Complete Checklist of the Birds of the World
2919:, 1825) as the name predates Erithacinae (G.R. Gray, 1846).
317:
and subsequently most authors have followed their example.
227:
206:), with the exception of several vagrants and two species,
203:
187:
118:
3613:
3498:
1163:– slaty-backed jungle flycatcher (position uncertain)
246:
in 1822. The word had earlier been used for the genus
19:
This article is about the old world flycatcher family
3289:
Committee on Classification and Nomenclature (1998).
3254:
3015:. London, United Kingdom: Christopher Helm. p.
2990:(in Latin and French). Paris: Jean-Baptiste Bauche.
2962:
History and nomenclature of avian family-group names
3438:
1924:– blue-shouldered robin-chat (position uncertain)
3202:. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press.
2138:– nightingales, redstart, bluethroat (4 species)
226:, many of which, as the name implies, take their
4149:
3542:
3540:
3398:
3396:
3394:
3392:
3360:
3170:. Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard: 1–11.
612:(Sangster, Alström, Forsmark and Olsson, 2010)
3439:Dickinson, E.C.; Christidis, L., eds. (2014).
3356:
3354:
3222:
3801:. London: Merehurst Press. pp. 194–195.
3586:
3584:
3463:
2901:International Code of Zoological Nomenclature
476:(2010). For a complete list of species, see "
23:. For the new world Tyrant Flycatcher family
3597:Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club
3537:
3389:
3197:
3157:
3012:The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names
3797:Perrins, C. (1991). Forshaw, Joseph (ed.).
3351:
3184:Check-list of Birds of the World. Volume 11
3180:
3581:
3337:(3rd ed.). London: Christopher Helm.
3127:
680:, 1846) – African forest robin assemblage
48:
3851:
3720:
3649:
3639:
3564:
3520:
3332:
1992:– robin-chats, ground robins (4 species)
620:– single species: white-tailed flycatcher
3432:
3326:
3227:. London: Christopher Helm. p. 28.
3089:Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive
453:
442:
431:
417:
403:
392:
256:in 1760. Muscicapa comes from the Latin
4163:Taxa named by John Fleming (naturalist)
3796:
3160:"Sequence of passerine families (Aves)"
3065:
3046:. Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short.
3008:
2982:
2939:
2349:– jungle flycatchers (3 species) &
4150:
3831:
3792:
3790:
3788:
3672:
3593:"Taxonomic notes on some Muscicapidae"
3590:
3250:
3248:
3246:
3244:
3181:Mayr, E.; William, C.G., eds. (1986).
3085:"Old World Flycatchers (Muscicapidae)"
3082:
2605:– bush chats, stonechats (15 species)
1110:– magpie-robins, sharmas (13 species)
998:International Ornithological Committee
791:– single species: white-throated robin
595:– single species: Humblot's flycatcher
3876:
3875:
3737:
3709:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
3509:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
3406:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
3363:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
3270:. International Ornithologists' Union
3158:Mayr, E.; Greenway, J.C. Jr. (1956).
2505:– bush robins, bluetails (6 species)
704:– single species: white-starred robin
4096:ce8b11eb-06a3-4c13-88d6-6c274dbdd812
4008:f7b1d9b4-5830-4b78-a77a-f37bdd5dadf2
3768:"Old World Flycatchers Muscicapidae"
3696:
3225:Helm Identification Guides: Thrushes
2959:
1797:– forest robin (position uncertain)
934:– single species: buff-streaked chat
831:– single species: blue-fronted robin
696:– single species: Swynnerton's robin
478:List of Old World flycatcher species
3785:
3241:
3198:Sibley, C.G.; Monroe, B.L. (1993).
996:and David Donsker on behalf of the
902:– single species: Gould's shortwing
580:– single species: fiscal flycatcher
467:International Ornithologists' Union
353:were included in the thrush family
13:
3746:Handbook of the Birds of the World
3292:Check-list of North American birds
878:– East and South-East Asian robins
752:– single species: Angola cave chat
315:Check-list of North American birds
271:In 1910, the German ornithologist
14:
4174:
3819:
3223:Clement, P.; Hathway, R. (2000).
2249:– whistling thrushes (9 species)
1401:– flycatchers (17 species) &
847:– single species: great shortwing
3478:10.1111/j.1463-6409.2010.00423.x
3268:IOC World Bird List Version 13.2
3137:A Classification of Recent Birds
2878:Depending on the species, their
862:– single species: Bagobo babbler
688:– single species: European robin
75:
3828:on the Internet Bird Collection
3799:Encyclopaedia of Animals: Birds
3760:
3666:
3607:
3492:
3457:
3282:
3216:
3191:
3174:
2906:
2893:
949:– single species: moorland chat
3264:"Chats, Old World flycatchers"
3151:
3121:
3076:
3059:
3033:
3002:
2976:
2953:
2933:
2858:
1092:– scrub robins (c. 5 species)
712:– single species: forest robin
438:Monticola sharpei erythronotus
311:American Ornithologists' Union
1:
3505:flycatchers and their allies"
3375:10.1016/S1055-7903(03)00191-X
3333:Dickinson, E.C., ed. (2003).
2926:
2580:– rock thrushes (13 species)
564:– single species: Herero chat
399:Copsychus albospecularis pica
300:in Basel in 1954. Subsequent
1949:– palm thrushes (3 species)
799:– nightingales and relatives
572:– single species: silverbird
7:
3826:Old World flycatcher videos
3722:10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107646
3522:10.1016/j.ympev.2015.09.026
3418:10.1016/j.ympev.2010.07.008
2720:– cliff chats (2 species)
2444:– flycatchers (34 species)
894:– bush robins and bluetails
436:Amber mountain rock thrush
237:
58:White-eyed slaty flycatcher
10:
4179:
3009:Jobling, James A. (2010).
2714:– chats (8 species) &
2165:– rubythroats (5 species)
1865:- robin-chats (8 species)
1822:– robin-chats (2 species)
1628:– flycatchers (2 species)
1576:– flycatchers (6 species)
1558:– flycatchers (2 species)
1508:– blue robins (2 species)
1476:– white-tailed flycatcher
1383:– flycatchers (6 species)
1245:– flycatchers (7 species)
1220:– flycatchers (8 species)
1195:– flycatchers (2 species)
18:
3884:
3641:10.1186/s12862-017-0882-6
3566:10.11646/zootaxa.4196.3.7
2984:Brisson, Mathurin Jacques
2747:– wheatears (32 species)
2740:
2707:
2689:
2682:
2675:
2648:
2630:
2623:
2616:
2598:
2591:
2573:
2566:
2555:– redstarts (14 species)
2548:
2541:
2523:
2516:
2498:
2491:
2437:
2401:
2390:– shortwings (6 species)
2383:
2376:
2342:
2324:
2317:
2310:
2303:
2285:
2278:
2242:
2224:
2217:
2199:
2192:
2185:
2158:
2131:
2113:
2106:
2099:
2092:
2085:
2030:
1985:
1967:
1960:
1942:
1935:
1917:
1910:
1903:
1858:
1840:
1833:
1815:
1808:
1790:
1783:
1776:
1749:
1731:
1724:
1717:
1699:
1692:
1684:
1639:
1621:
1614:
1569:
1551:
1544:
1526:
1519:
1501:
1494:
1487:
1469:
1462:
1454:
1394:
1376:
1369:
1306:
1288:
1281:
1263:
1256:
1238:
1231:
1213:
1206:
1188:
1181:
1174:
1156:
1149:
1103:
1085:
1078:
1057:
1050:
1032:
1025:
1017:
1009:
526:– magpie-robins or shamas
423:Tickell's blue flycatcher
320:
287:(Old World babblers) and
279:(Old World warblers) and
166:
161:
72:Scientific classification
70:
56:
47:
42:
3674:Vigors, Nicholas Aylward
3620:BMC Evolutionary Biology
2960:Bock, Walter J. (1994).
2886:
2206:– forktails (8 species)
397:Madagascar magpie-robin
254:Mathurin Jacques Brisson
252:by the French zoologist
179:are a large family, the
3844:Encyclopædia Britannica
3117:(subscription required)
3066:Hartert, Ernst (1910).
2120:– white-throated robin
2037:– akalats (11 species)
1533:– niltavas (7 species)
1407:– Humblot's flycatcher
3864:Encyclopedia Americana
3097:10.2173/bow.muscic3.01
1847:– alethes (4 species)
1756:– white-starred robin
1039:– alethes (2 species)
985:molecular phylogenetic
926:– stonechats and chats
674:Subfamily Erithacinae
490:Subfamily Muscicapinae
462:
451:
440:
429:
415:
401:
372:molecular phylogenetic
359:molecular phylogenetic
43:Old World flycatchers
31:. For other uses, see
4117:Paleobiology Database
2637:– buff-streaked chat
2408:– robins (6 species)
2292:– robins (3 species)
2231:– blue-fronted robin
1921:Cossypha cyanocampter
1738:– Swynnerton's robin
1160:Vauriella goodfellowi
457:
446:
435:
421:
407:
396:
302:DNA–DNA hybridization
177:Old World flycatchers
4003:Fauna Europaea (new)
3262:, eds. (July 2023).
2655:– chats (3 species)
2530:– Gould's shortwing
1313:– fiscal flycatcher
983:below is based on a
839:– whistling thrushes
610:Subfamily Niltavinae
549:– forest flycatchers
329:in 2003, the genera
64:Melaenornis fischeri
3632:2017BMCEE..17...31R
3591:Zuccon, D. (2011).
3083:Taylor, B. (2020).
1974:– Angola cave chat
484:Family Muscicapidae
447:European stonechat
262:meaning a fly, and
3858:"Flycatcher"
3838:"Flycatcher"
3686:Zoological Journal
3258:; Donsker, David;
3049:A Latin Dictionary
2331:– great shortwing
668:– blue flycatchers
652:– blue flycatchers
502:(Sundevall, 1872)
463:
452:
449:Saxicola torquatus
441:
430:
416:
411:, monotypic genus
402:
190:restricted to the
4145:
4144:
4104:Open Tree of Life
3878:Taxon identifiers
3853:Ingersoll, Ernest
3515:(Pt B): 618–625.
3466:Zoologica Scripta
3450:978-0-9568611-2-2
3344:978-0-7136-6536-9
3260:Rasmussen, Pamela
3209:978-0-300-05549-8
3091:. Lynx Edicions.
3026:978-1-4081-2501-4
2855:
2854:
2846:
2845:
2837:
2836:
2828:
2827:
2819:
2818:
2810:
2809:
2801:
2800:
2792:
2791:
2783:
2782:
2774:
2773:
2765:
2764:
2756:
2755:
2729:
2728:
2664:
2663:
2480:
2479:
2471:
2470:
2462:
2461:
2453:
2452:
2426:
2425:
2417:
2416:
2365:
2364:
2267:
2266:
2258:
2257:
2174:
2173:
2147:
2146:
2073:
2072:
2064:
2063:
2055:
2054:
2046:
2045:
2019:
2018:
2010:
2009:
2001:
2000:
1892:
1891:
1883:
1882:
1874:
1873:
1765:
1764:
1706:– European robin
1673:
1672:
1664:
1663:
1655:
1654:
1603:
1602:
1594:
1593:
1585:
1584:
1443:
1442:
1434:
1433:
1425:
1424:
1416:
1415:
1358:
1357:
1349:
1348:
1340:
1339:
1331:
1330:
1322:
1321:
1137:
1136:
1128:
1127:
1119:
1118:
532:Tribe Muscicapini
460:Oenanthe cypriaca
220:Oenanthe oenanthe
216:northern wheatear
173:
172:
157:
29:Tyrant flycatcher
4170:
4138:
4137:
4125:
4124:
4112:
4111:
4099:
4098:
4089:
4088:
4076:
4075:
4073:NBNSYS0000160469
4063:
4062:
4050:
4049:
4037:
4036:
4024:
4023:
4011:
4010:
3998:
3997:
3985:
3984:
3972:
3971:
3959:
3958:
3946:
3945:
3933:
3932:
3920:
3919:
3918:
3905:
3904:
3903:
3873:
3872:
3868:
3860:
3848:
3847:(11th ed.).
3840:
3813:
3812:
3794:
3783:
3782:
3780:
3778:
3772:artfullbirds.com
3764:
3758:
3741:
3735:
3734:
3724:
3700:
3694:
3693:
3670:
3664:
3663:
3653:
3643:
3611:
3605:
3604:
3588:
3579:
3578:
3568:
3544:
3535:
3534:
3524:
3496:
3490:
3489:
3461:
3455:
3454:
3436:
3430:
3429:
3400:
3387:
3386:
3358:
3349:
3348:
3330:
3324:
3323:
3321:
3320:
3314:
3308:. Archived from
3297:
3286:
3280:
3279:
3277:
3275:
3252:
3239:
3238:
3234:978-07136-3940-7
3220:
3214:
3213:
3195:
3189:
3188:
3178:
3172:
3171:
3155:
3149:
3148:
3125:
3119:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3111:
3080:
3074:
3073:
3063:
3057:
3037:
3031:
3030:
3006:
3000:
2999:
2980:
2974:
2973:
2957:
2951:
2950:
2937:
2920:
2910:
2904:
2897:
2696:– moorland chat
2685:
2684:
2678:
2677:
2626:
2625:
2619:
2618:
2594:
2593:
2569:
2568:
2544:
2543:
2519:
2518:
2494:
2493:
2379:
2378:
2320:
2319:
2313:
2312:
2306:
2305:
2281:
2280:
2220:
2219:
2195:
2194:
2188:
2187:
2109:
2108:
2102:
2101:
2095:
2094:
2088:
2087:
1963:
1962:
1938:
1937:
1913:
1912:
1906:
1905:
1836:
1835:
1811:
1810:
1786:
1785:
1779:
1778:
1727:
1726:
1720:
1719:
1695:
1694:
1687:
1686:
1617:
1616:
1547:
1546:
1522:
1521:
1497:
1496:
1490:
1489:
1465:
1464:
1457:
1456:
1372:
1371:
1284:
1283:
1259:
1258:
1234:
1233:
1209:
1208:
1184:
1183:
1177:
1176:
1152:
1151:
1081:
1080:
1053:
1052:
1028:
1027:
1020:
1019:
1012:
1011:
1004:
1003:
994:Pamela Rasmussen
534:(Fleming, 1822)
500:Tribe Copsychini
458:Cyprus wheatear
388:non-monophyletic
212:Luscinia svecica
152:
80:
79:
52:
40:
39:
4178:
4177:
4173:
4172:
4171:
4169:
4168:
4167:
4148:
4147:
4146:
4141:
4133:
4128:
4120:
4115:
4107:
4102:
4094:
4092:
4084:
4079:
4071:
4066:
4058:
4053:
4045:
4040:
4032:
4027:
4019:
4014:
4006:
4001:
3993:
3988:
3980:
3975:
3967:
3962:
3954:
3949:
3941:
3936:
3928:
3923:
3914:
3913:
3908:
3899:
3898:
3893:
3880:
3822:
3817:
3816:
3809:
3795:
3786:
3776:
3774:
3766:
3765:
3761:
3742:
3738:
3701:
3697:
3671:
3667:
3612:
3608:
3589:
3582:
3545:
3538:
3497:
3493:
3462:
3458:
3451:
3437:
3433:
3401:
3390:
3359:
3352:
3345:
3331:
3327:
3318:
3316:
3312:
3306:
3295:
3287:
3283:
3273:
3271:
3253:
3242:
3235:
3221:
3217:
3210:
3196:
3192:
3179:
3175:
3156:
3152:
3126:
3122:
3116:
3109:
3107:
3081:
3077:
3064:
3060:
3054:Perseus Project
3038:
3034:
3027:
3007:
3003:
2981:
2977:
2958:
2954:
2938:
2934:
2929:
2924:
2923:
2911:
2907:
2898:
2894:
2889:
2861:
2856:
2847:
2838:
2829:
2820:
2811:
2802:
2793:
2784:
2775:
2766:
2757:
2730:
2665:
2481:
2472:
2463:
2454:
2427:
2418:
2366:
2356:Bagobo babbler
2268:
2259:
2175:
2148:
2074:
2065:
2056:
2047:
2020:
2011:
2002:
1893:
1884:
1875:
1766:
1674:
1665:
1656:
1604:
1595:
1586:
1444:
1435:
1426:
1417:
1359:
1350:
1341:
1332:
1323:
1138:
1129:
1120:
918:– rock thrushes
744:– palm thrushes
323:
240:
151:
74:
61:
36:
17:
16:Family of birds
12:
11:
5:
4176:
4166:
4165:
4160:
4143:
4142:
4140:
4139:
4126:
4113:
4100:
4090:
4077:
4064:
4051:
4038:
4025:
4012:
3999:
3990:Fauna Europaea
3986:
3973:
3960:
3947:
3934:
3921:
3906:
3890:
3888:
3882:
3881:
3870:
3869:
3849:
3833:Newton, Alfred
3829:
3821:
3820:External links
3818:
3815:
3814:
3807:
3784:
3759:
3736:
3695:
3665:
3606:
3580:
3559:(3): 428–429.
3536:
3491:
3472:(3): 213–224.
3456:
3449:
3431:
3412:(1): 380–392.
3388:
3369:(2): 386–394.
3350:
3343:
3325:
3304:
3281:
3240:
3233:
3215:
3208:
3190:
3173:
3150:
3120:
3075:
3058:
3032:
3025:
3001:
2975:
2952:
2931:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2922:
2921:
2905:
2891:
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2826:
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2822:
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2817:
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2808:
2807:
2804:
2803:
2799:
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2780:
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2772:
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2767:
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2749:
2739:
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2722:
2706:
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2702:
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2676:
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2671:
2670:
2667:
2666:
2662:
2661:
2658:
2657:
2647:
2644:
2643:
2640:
2639:
2629:
2624:
2622:
2617:
2615:
2612:
2611:
2608:
2607:
2597:
2592:
2590:
2587:
2586:
2583:
2582:
2572:
2567:
2565:
2562:
2561:
2558:
2557:
2547:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2536:
2533:
2532:
2522:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2511:
2508:
2507:
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2436:
2433:
2432:
2429:
2428:
2424:
2423:
2420:
2419:
2415:
2414:
2411:
2410:
2400:
2397:
2396:
2393:
2392:
2382:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2371:
2368:
2367:
2363:
2362:
2359:
2358:
2341:
2338:
2337:
2334:
2333:
2323:
2318:
2316:
2311:
2309:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2298:
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2294:
2284:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2273:
2270:
2269:
2265:
2264:
2261:
2260:
2256:
2255:
2252:
2251:
2241:
2238:
2237:
2234:
2233:
2223:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2212:
2209:
2208:
2198:
2193:
2191:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2180:
2177:
2176:
2172:
2171:
2168:
2167:
2157:
2154:
2153:
2150:
2149:
2145:
2144:
2141:
2140:
2130:
2127:
2126:
2123:
2122:
2112:
2107:
2105:
2100:
2098:
2093:
2091:
2086:
2084:
2080:
2079:
2076:
2075:
2071:
2070:
2067:
2066:
2062:
2061:
2058:
2057:
2053:
2052:
2049:
2048:
2044:
2043:
2040:
2039:
2029:
2026:
2025:
2022:
2021:
2017:
2016:
2013:
2012:
2008:
2007:
2004:
2003:
1999:
1998:
1995:
1994:
1984:
1981:
1980:
1977:
1976:
1966:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1955:
1952:
1951:
1941:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1930:
1927:
1926:
1916:
1911:
1909:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1898:
1895:
1894:
1890:
1889:
1886:
1885:
1881:
1880:
1877:
1876:
1872:
1871:
1868:
1867:
1857:
1854:
1853:
1850:
1849:
1839:
1834:
1832:
1829:
1828:
1825:
1824:
1814:
1809:
1807:
1804:
1803:
1800:
1799:
1789:
1784:
1782:
1777:
1775:
1772:
1771:
1768:
1767:
1763:
1762:
1759:
1758:
1748:
1745:
1744:
1741:
1740:
1730:
1725:
1723:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1712:
1709:
1708:
1698:
1693:
1691:
1685:
1683:
1680:
1679:
1676:
1675:
1671:
1670:
1667:
1666:
1662:
1661:
1658:
1657:
1653:
1652:
1649:
1648:
1638:
1635:
1634:
1631:
1630:
1620:
1615:
1613:
1610:
1609:
1606:
1605:
1601:
1600:
1597:
1596:
1592:
1591:
1588:
1587:
1583:
1582:
1579:
1578:
1568:
1565:
1564:
1561:
1560:
1550:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1539:
1536:
1535:
1525:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1514:
1511:
1510:
1500:
1495:
1493:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1482:
1479:
1478:
1468:
1463:
1461:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1449:
1446:
1445:
1441:
1440:
1437:
1436:
1432:
1431:
1428:
1427:
1423:
1422:
1419:
1418:
1414:
1413:
1410:
1409:
1393:
1390:
1389:
1386:
1385:
1375:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1364:
1361:
1360:
1356:
1355:
1352:
1351:
1347:
1346:
1343:
1342:
1338:
1337:
1334:
1333:
1329:
1328:
1325:
1324:
1320:
1319:
1316:
1315:
1305:
1302:
1301:
1298:
1297:
1287:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1276:
1273:
1272:
1270:– herero chat
1262:
1257:
1255:
1252:
1251:
1248:
1247:
1237:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1226:
1223:
1222:
1212:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1201:
1198:
1197:
1187:
1182:
1180:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1169:
1166:
1165:
1155:
1150:
1148:
1144:
1143:
1140:
1139:
1135:
1134:
1131:
1130:
1126:
1125:
1122:
1121:
1117:
1116:
1113:
1112:
1102:
1099:
1098:
1095:
1094:
1084:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1073:
1070:
1069:
1056:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1045:
1042:
1041:
1031:
1026:
1024:
1018:
1016:
1010:
1008:
1002:
977:
976:
975:
974:
966:
958:
950:
942:
935:
927:
919:
911:
903:
895:
887:
879:
871:
863:
855:
848:
840:
832:
824:
816:
808:
800:
792:
771:
770:
769:
761:
753:
745:
737:
729:
721:
713:
705:
697:
689:
671:
670:
669:
661:
653:
645:
637:
629:
621:
607:
606:
605:
604:
603:
596:
588:
581:
573:
565:
557:
550:
542:
529:
528:
527:
519:
518:– scrub robins
511:
322:
319:
306:Charles Sibley
239:
236:
171:
170:
164:
163:
159:
158:
146:
142:
141:
136:
132:
131:
126:
122:
121:
116:
112:
111:
106:
102:
101:
96:
92:
91:
86:
82:
81:
68:
67:
54:
53:
45:
44:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4175:
4164:
4161:
4159:
4156:
4155:
4153:
4136:
4131:
4127:
4123:
4118:
4114:
4110:
4105:
4101:
4097:
4091:
4087:
4082:
4078:
4074:
4069:
4065:
4061:
4056:
4052:
4048:
4043:
4039:
4035:
4030:
4026:
4022:
4017:
4013:
4009:
4004:
4000:
3996:
3991:
3987:
3983:
3978:
3974:
3970:
3965:
3961:
3957:
3952:
3948:
3944:
3939:
3935:
3931:
3926:
3922:
3917:
3911:
3907:
3902:
3896:
3892:
3891:
3889:
3887:
3883:
3879:
3874:
3866:
3865:
3859:
3854:
3850:
3846:
3845:
3839:
3834:
3830:
3827:
3824:
3823:
3810:
3808:1-85391-186-0
3804:
3800:
3793:
3791:
3789:
3773:
3769:
3763:
3756:
3755:84-96553-06-X
3752:
3748:
3747:
3740:
3732:
3728:
3723:
3718:
3714:
3710:
3706:
3699:
3691:
3687:
3683:
3681:
3675:
3669:
3661:
3657:
3652:
3647:
3642:
3637:
3633:
3629:
3625:
3621:
3617:
3610:
3603:(3): 196–199.
3602:
3598:
3594:
3587:
3585:
3576:
3572:
3567:
3562:
3558:
3554:
3550:
3543:
3541:
3532:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3514:
3510:
3506:
3504:
3495:
3487:
3483:
3479:
3475:
3471:
3467:
3460:
3452:
3446:
3442:
3435:
3427:
3423:
3419:
3415:
3411:
3407:
3399:
3397:
3395:
3393:
3384:
3380:
3376:
3372:
3368:
3364:
3357:
3355:
3346:
3340:
3336:
3329:
3315:on 2015-11-18
3311:
3307:
3305:1-891276-00-X
3301:
3294:
3293:
3285:
3269:
3265:
3261:
3257:
3251:
3249:
3247:
3245:
3236:
3230:
3226:
3219:
3211:
3205:
3201:
3194:
3186:
3185:
3177:
3169:
3165:
3161:
3154:
3146:
3142:
3138:
3134:
3130:
3124:
3106:
3102:
3098:
3094:
3090:
3086:
3079:
3071:
3070:
3062:
3055:
3051:
3050:
3045:
3041:
3036:
3028:
3022:
3018:
3014:
3013:
3005:
2997:
2996:Vol. 2 p. 357
2993:
2989:
2985:
2979:
2971:
2967:
2963:
2956:
2948:
2947:
2942:
2941:Fleming, John
2936:
2932:
2918:
2915:
2909:
2902:
2896:
2892:
2884:
2881:
2876:
2874:
2869:
2867:
2851:
2850:
2842:
2841:
2833:
2832:
2824:
2823:
2815:
2814:
2806:
2805:
2797:
2796:
2788:
2787:
2779:
2778:
2770:
2769:
2761:
2760:
2752:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2745:
2738:
2737:
2734:
2733:
2725:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2718:
2713:
2712:
2711:Myrmecocichla
2705:
2704:
2701:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2694:
2687:
2686:
2680:
2679:
2673:
2672:
2669:
2668:
2660:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2653:
2646:
2645:
2642:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2635:
2634:Campicoloides
2628:
2627:
2621:
2620:
2614:
2613:
2610:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2603:
2596:
2595:
2589:
2588:
2585:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2578:
2571:
2570:
2564:
2563:
2560:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2553:
2546:
2545:
2539:
2538:
2535:
2534:
2531:
2529:
2528:
2527:Heteroxenicus
2521:
2520:
2514:
2513:
2510:
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2042:
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2038:
2036:
2035:
2028:
2027:
2024:
2023:
2015:
2014:
2006:
2005:
1997:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1990:
1983:
1982:
1979:
1978:
1975:
1973:
1972:
1971:Xenocopsychus
1965:
1964:
1958:
1957:
1954:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1947:
1940:
1939:
1933:
1932:
1929:
1928:
1925:
1923:
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1915:
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1908:
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1538:
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1517:
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1474:
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1374:
1373:
1367:
1366:
1363:
1362:
1354:
1353:
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1344:
1336:
1335:
1327:
1326:
1318:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1311:
1304:
1303:
1300:
1299:
1296:
1295:– silverbird
1294:
1293:
1286:
1285:
1279:
1278:
1275:
1274:
1271:
1269:
1268:
1261:
1260:
1254:
1253:
1250:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1243:
1236:
1235:
1229:
1228:
1225:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1218:
1211:
1210:
1204:
1203:
1200:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1193:
1186:
1185:
1179:
1178:
1172:
1171:
1168:
1167:
1164:
1162:
1161:
1154:
1153:
1146:
1145:
1142:
1141:
1133:
1132:
1124:
1123:
1115:
1114:
1111:
1109:
1108:
1101:
1100:
1097:
1096:
1093:
1091:
1090:
1083:
1082:
1076:
1075:
1072:
1071:
1068:
1067:
1063:
1062:
1055:
1054:
1048:
1047:
1044:
1043:
1040:
1038:
1037:
1030:
1029:
1022:
1021:
1015:Muscicapinae
1014:
1013:
1007:Muscicapidae
1006:
1005:
1001:
999:
995:
991:
986:
982:
972:
971:
967:
964:
963:
962:Myrmecocichla
959:
957:– cliff chats
956:
955:
951:
948:
947:
943:
941:
940:
936:
933:
932:
931:Campicoloides
928:
925:
924:
920:
917:
916:
912:
909:
908:
904:
901:
900:
899:Heteroxenicus
896:
893:
892:
888:
886:– flycatchers
885:
884:
880:
877:
876:
872:
869:
868:
864:
861:
860:
856:
854:
853:
849:
846:
845:
841:
838:
837:
833:
830:
829:
825:
822:
821:
817:
815:– rubythroats
814:
813:
809:
806:
805:
801:
798:
797:
793:
790:
789:
785:
784:
782:
778:
777:
772:
767:
766:
762:
760:– robin-chats
759:
758:
754:
751:
750:
749:Xenocopsychus
746:
743:
742:
738:
736:– robin-chats
735:
734:
730:
728:– (4 species)
727:
726:
722:
720:– robin-chats
719:
718:
714:
711:
710:
706:
703:
702:
698:
695:
694:
690:
687:
686:
682:
681:
679:
675:
672:
667:
666:
662:
660:– flycatchers
659:
658:
654:
651:
650:
646:
644:– flycatchers
643:
642:
638:
635:
634:
630:
627:
626:
622:
619:
618:
614:
613:
611:
608:
602:
601:
597:
594:
593:
589:
587:
586:
582:
579:
578:
574:
571:
570:
566:
563:
562:
558:
556:
555:
551:
548:
547:
543:
541:
540:
536:
535:
533:
530:
525:
524:
520:
517:
516:
512:
509:
508:
504:
503:
501:
498:
497:
495:
491:
488:
487:
486:
485:
481:
479:
475:
472:
468:
461:
456:
450:
445:
439:
434:
428:
424:
420:
414:
410:
406:
400:
395:
391:
389:
385:
381:
377:
373:
368:
366:
365:
360:
357:. Subsequent
356:
352:
351:
346:
345:
340:
339:
334:
333:
328:
318:
316:
312:
307:
303:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
278:
274:
273:Ernst Hartert
269:
267:
266:
261:
260:
255:
251:
250:
245:
235:
233:
229:
225:
221:
217:
213:
209:
205:
201:
197:
193:
189:
186:
182:
178:
169:
165:
160:
155:
150:
147:
144:
143:
140:
139:Muscicapoidea
137:
135:Superfamily:
134:
133:
130:
129:Passeriformes
127:
124:
123:
120:
117:
114:
113:
110:
107:
104:
103:
100:
97:
94:
93:
90:
87:
84:
83:
78:
73:
69:
65:
59:
55:
51:
46:
41:
38:
34:
30:
26:
22:
4158:Muscicapidae
3930:Muscicapidae
3916:Muscicapidae
3886:Muscicapidae
3885:
3862:
3842:
3798:
3775:. Retrieved
3771:
3762:
3744:
3739:
3712:
3708:
3698:
3689:
3685:
3679:
3668:
3623:
3619:
3609:
3600:
3596:
3556:
3552:
3512:
3508:
3502:
3494:
3469:
3465:
3459:
3440:
3434:
3409:
3405:
3366:
3362:
3334:
3328:
3317:. Retrieved
3310:the original
3291:
3284:
3272:. Retrieved
3267:
3224:
3218:
3199:
3193:
3183:
3176:
3167:
3163:
3153:
3136:
3123:
3108:. Retrieved
3088:
3078:
3068:
3061:
3047:
3035:
3011:
3004:
2992:Vol. 1 p. 32
2987:
2978:
2961:
2955:
2945:
2935:
2913:
2908:
2895:
2877:
2870:
2862:
2742:
2741:
2715:
2709:
2708:
2691:
2690:
2650:
2649:
2632:
2631:
2600:
2599:
2575:
2574:
2550:
2549:
2525:
2524:
2500:
2499:
2439:
2438:
2403:
2402:
2387:Brachypteryx
2385:
2384:
2350:
2344:
2343:
2326:
2325:
2287:
2286:
2244:
2243:
2226:
2225:
2201:
2200:
2160:
2159:
2133:
2132:
2115:
2114:
2083:Saxicolinae
2032:
2031:
1987:
1986:
1969:
1968:
1944:
1943:
1919:
1918:
1860:
1859:
1842:
1841:
1819:Cossyphicula
1817:
1816:
1792:
1791:
1753:Pogonocichla
1751:
1750:
1735:Swynnertonia
1733:
1732:
1701:
1700:
1690:Cossyphinae
1641:
1640:
1623:
1622:
1571:
1570:
1553:
1552:
1528:
1527:
1503:
1502:
1471:
1470:
1402:
1396:
1395:
1378:
1377:
1308:
1307:
1290:
1289:
1265:
1264:
1240:
1239:
1215:
1214:
1190:
1189:
1158:
1157:
1147:Muscicapini
1105:
1104:
1089:Cercotrichas
1087:
1086:
1065:
1061:Cercotrichas
1059:
1058:
1034:
1033:
978:
968:
960:
952:
944:
937:
929:
921:
913:
905:
897:
889:
881:
873:
870:– shortwings
867:Brachypteryx
865:
857:
850:
842:
834:
826:
818:
810:
802:
794:
786:
773:
763:
755:
747:
739:
731:
723:
717:Cossyphicula
715:
707:
701:Pogonocichla
699:
693:Swynnertonia
691:
683:
673:
663:
655:
647:
639:
631:
628:– sholakilis
623:
615:
609:
598:
590:
583:
575:
567:
559:
552:
544:
537:
531:
521:
515:Cercotrichas
513:
505:
499:
489:
483:
482:
473:
464:
459:
448:
437:
426:
412:
398:
383:
379:
375:
369:
362:
348:
344:Brachypteryx
342:
336:
330:
324:
314:
270:
263:
257:
247:
244:John Fleming
241:
224:insectivores
219:
211:
181:Muscicapidae
180:
176:
174:
167:
149:Muscicapidae
148:
63:
37:
24:
21:Muscicapidae
20:
4029:iNaturalist
3910:Wikispecies
3274:28 November
3256:Gill, Frank
2859:Description
2693:Pinarochroa
2552:Phoenicurus
1989:Dessonornis
1844:Chamaetylas
1794:Stiphrornis
1473:Leucoptilon
1460:Niltavinae
1242:Melaenornis
1023:Copsychini
973:– wheatears
946:Pinarochroa
910:– redstarts
907:Phoenicurus
823:– forktails
776:Saxicolinae
757:Dessonornis
725:Chamaetylas
709:Stiphrornis
617:Leucoptilon
554:Melaenornis
380:Melaenornis
304:studies by
297:Dean Amadon
289:Monarchidae
183:, of small
4152:Categories
3715:: 107646.
3680:Cossyphina
3319:2016-07-08
3133:Amadon, D.
2927:References
2717:Thamnolaea
2652:Emarginata
2352:Leonardina
2328:Heinrichia
2228:Cinclidium
2034:Sheppardia
1946:Cichladusa
1555:Cyanoptila
1292:Empidornis
1267:Namibornis
990:Frank Gill
954:Thamnolaea
939:Emarginata
859:Leonardina
844:Heinrichia
828:Cinclidium
774:Subfamily
765:Sheppardia
741:Cichladusa
641:Cyanoptila
636:– niltavas
569:Empidornis
561:Namibornis
413:Empidornis
409:Silverbird
370:Two large
293:Ernst Mayr
285:Timaliidae
268:to catch.
208:bluethroat
154:Fleming J.
33:Flycatcher
25:Tyrannidae
3626:(1): 31.
3503:Muscicapa
3145:2246/3994
3105:216288554
2873:Himalayas
2577:Monticola
2405:Larvivora
2346:Vauriella
2246:Myophonus
1703:Erithacus
1505:Sholicola
1404:Humblotia
1398:Muscicapa
1380:Bradornis
1107:Copsychus
1066:Tychaedon
981:cladogram
915:Monticola
875:Larvivora
852:Vauriella
836:Myophonus
768:– akalats
685:Erithacus
678:G.R. Gray
625:Sholicola
600:Muscicapa
592:Humblotia
585:Bradornis
523:Copsychus
510:– alethes
384:Muscicapa
350:Monticola
332:Myophonus
277:Sylviidae
249:Muscicapa
192:Old World
185:passerine
168:See text
95:Kingdom:
89:Eukaryota
3895:Wikidata
3855:(1920).
3835:(1911).
3731:36265831
3676:(1825).
3660:28114902
3575:27988667
3531:26475615
3486:85963319
3426:20656044
3383:14715230
3164:Breviora
3135:(1951).
3129:Mayr, E.
2986:(1760).
2970:2246/830
2943:(1822).
2914:Cossypha
2744:Oenanthe
2602:Saxicola
2502:Tarsiger
2441:Ficedula
2289:Myiomela
2203:Enicurus
2162:Calliope
2135:Luscinia
1862:Cossypha
1625:Anthipes
1217:Fraseria
1192:Agricola
970:Oenanthe
923:Saxicola
891:Tarsiger
883:Ficedula
820:Enicurus
812:Calliope
807:– robins
804:Myiomela
796:Luscinia
783:, 1825)
733:Cossypha
657:Anthipes
546:Fraseria
539:Agricola
496:, 1822)
471:Sangster
425:, genus
376:Fraseria
355:Turdidae
281:Turdidae
238:Taxonomy
145:Family:
109:Chordata
105:Phylum:
99:Animalia
85:Domain:
3901:Q200989
3777:June 3,
3651:5259981
3628:Bibcode
3553:Zootaxa
2866:plumage
1643:Cyornis
1573:Eumyias
1530:Niltava
1310:Sigelus
1000:(IOC).
965:– chats
665:Cyornis
649:Eumyias
633:Niltava
577:Sigelus
494:Fleming
427:Cyornis
162:Genera
125:Order:
115:Class:
4135:196044
4122:133794
4109:131990
4093:NZOR:
4060:178663
4047:109372
3982:1MUSPF
3805:
3753:
3729:
3692:: 395.
3658:
3648:
3573:
3529:
3484:
3447:
3424:
3381:
3341:
3302:
3231:
3206:
3110:30 May
3103:
3044:capere
3023:
2917:Vigors
2117:Irania
1036:Alethe
788:Irania
781:Vigors
507:Alethe
364:Cochoa
338:Alethe
321:Genera
265:capere
232:genera
214:) and
200:Africa
196:Europe
156:, 1822
27:, see
4130:WoRMS
4086:36291
4042:IRMNG
4034:12704
3995:10853
3943:70320
3482:S2CID
3313:(PDF)
3296:(PDF)
3101:S2CID
3040:musca
2887:Notes
2880:nests
474:et al
386:were
259:musca
188:birds
4081:NCBI
4055:ITIS
4021:9322
4016:GBIF
3977:EPPO
3969:1637
3938:BOLD
3803:ISBN
3779:2010
3751:ISBN
3727:PMID
3656:PMID
3571:PMID
3557:4196
3527:PMID
3445:ISBN
3422:PMID
3379:PMID
3339:ISBN
3300:ISBN
3276:2023
3229:ISBN
3204:ISBN
3112:2016
3021:ISBN
979:The
465:The
382:and
347:and
295:and
228:prey
204:Asia
202:and
175:The
119:Aves
4068:NBN
3964:EoL
3956:CZN
3951:CoL
3925:ADW
3717:doi
3713:178
3646:PMC
3636:doi
3601:131
3561:doi
3517:doi
3474:doi
3414:doi
3371:doi
3141:hdl
3093:doi
3052:on
3017:260
2966:hdl
480:".
4154::
4132::
4119::
4106::
4083::
4070::
4057::
4044::
4031::
4018::
4005::
3992::
3979::
3966::
3953::
3940::
3927::
3912::
3897::
3861:.
3841:.
3787:^
3770:.
3725:.
3711:.
3707:.
3688:.
3684:.
3654:.
3644:.
3634:.
3624:17
3622:.
3618:.
3599:.
3595:.
3583:^
3569:.
3555:.
3551:.
3539:^
3525:.
3513:94
3511:.
3507:.
3480:.
3470:39
3468:.
3420:.
3410:57
3408:.
3391:^
3377:.
3367:30
3365:.
3353:^
3266:.
3243:^
3168:58
3166:.
3162:.
3131:;
3099:.
3042:,
3019:.
2994:,
2354:–
992:,
378:,
341:,
335:,
234:.
198:,
66:)
3867:.
3811:.
3781:.
3757:.
3733:.
3719::
3690:2
3682:"
3678:"
3662:.
3638::
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