836:. Because he had redefined Ornithomimosauria in a much narrower sense, a new term was made necessary within his preferred terminology to denote the clade containing the sistergroups Ornithomimosauria and Alvarezsauridae — previously the latter had been contained within the former. However, this concept only appeared on Sereno's Web site and has not yet been officially published as a valid name. "Ornithomimiformes" was identical in content to Holtz's Arctometatarsalia, as it has a very similar definition. While "Ornithomimiformes" is the newer group, Sereno rejected the idea that Arctometatarsalia should take precedence, because the meaning of the former name has been changed very radically by Holtz.
6232:
8364:
1555:
1377:
6225:
4729:
1274:
5554:
1004:
1252:
5540:
2923:
1348:
7816:
7020:
7802:
1189:
5533:
7809:
1575:
4735:
6239:
1528:
1033:
957:
120:
181:
5547:
2562:
1131:
8377:
7038:
2652:
626:
2674:
7026:
3073:
637:
2877:
1060:
7045:
8371:
2819:
845:
7796:
2741:
2623:
2848:
1399:
2790:
928:
7033:
2584:
1160:
8473:
2516:
1102:
1501:
809:
than with birds." Subsequently, the idea that all arctometatarsalian dinosaurs formed a natural group was abandoned by most paleontologists, including Holtz, as studies began to demonstrate that tyrannosaurids and troodontids were more closely related to other groups of coelurosaurs than they were to
4112:
Tanke, D.H. and Brett-Surman, M.K. 2001. Evidence of
Hatchling and Nestling-Size Hadrosaurs (Reptilia:Ornithischia) from Dinosaur Provincial Park (Dinosaur Park Formation: Campanian), Alberta, Canada. pp. 206–218. In: Mesozoic Vertebrate Life—New Research Inspired by the Paleontology of Philip
3040:
suggested that the long, sloth-like "arms" of ornithomimosaurs may have been used to pull down branches on which to feed, an idea supported by further study of their strange, hook-like hands. The sheer abundance of ornithomimids — they are the most common small dinosaurs in North
America — is
3157:
A right second metatarsal belonging to a large-bodied ornithomimosaur weighing approximately 432 kg has been described from
Mississippi with a "butterfly" fragment fracture pattern characteristic of blunt force trauma, likely as a result of an interaction with a predator or a violent bout of
3128:
bonebed, a high concentration of ornithomimosaur specimens from the Bayshi Tsav locality was collected in a single multitaxic bonebed that is composed of at least five individuals at different ontogenetic stages. It is unlikely that the individuals of this bonebed represent a strategical
3111:
for an increased protection from predators. The notable abundance of juveniles indicates a high mortality in them or that a large mass-mortality event of an entire group occurred, with more susceptibility in juveniles. Additionally, the increase in the tibia-femur ratio through the
900:
The cladogram below follows an analysis by Yuong-Nam Lee, Rinchen
Barsbold, Philip J. Currie, Yoshitsugu Kobayashi, Hang-Jae Lee, Pascal Godefroit, François Escuillié & Tsogtbaatar Chinzorig. The analysis was published in 2014, and includes many ornithomimosaurian taxa.
3967:
Li Xu; Yoshitsugu
Kobayashi; Junchang Lü; Yuong-Nam Lee; Yongqing Liu; Kohei Tanaka; Xingliao Zhang; Songhai Jia; Jiming Zhang (2011). "A new ornithomimid dinosaur with North American affinities from the Late Cretaceous Qiupa Formation in Henan Province of China".
3822:
Chinzorig, T.; Kobayashi, Y.; Saneyoshi, M.; Tsogtbaatar, K.; Batamkhatan, Z.; Ryuji, T. (2017). "Multitaxic bonebed of two new ornithomimids (Theropoda, Ornithomimosauria) from the Upper
Cretaceous Bayanshiree Formnation of southeastern Gobi desert, Mongolia".
682:. The fore limbs ("arms") were long and slender and bore powerful claws. The hind limbs were long and powerful, with a long foot and short, strong toes terminating in hooflike claws. Ornithomimosaurs were probably among the fastest of all dinosaurs. Like other
3476:
Lee, Yuong-Nam; Barsbold, Rinchen; Currie, Philip J.; Kobayashi, Yoshitsugu; Lee, Hang-Jae; Godefroit, Pascal; Escuillié, François; Chinzorig, Tsogtbaatar (2014). "Resolving the long-standing enigmas of a giant ornithomimosaur
Deinocheirus mirificus".
3203:
Brownstein CD. (2016) Redescription of
Arundel formation Ornithomimosaur material and a reinterpretation of Nedcolbertia justinhofmanni as an "Ostrich Dinosaur": Biogeographic implications. PeerJ Preprints 4:e2308v1
1670:
The cladogram below follows the phylogenetic analysis by Scott
Hartman and colleagues in 2019, which has included a vast majority of species and uncertain specimens, resulting in a novel phylogenetic arrangement.
3217:
Choiniere, J. N.; Forster, C. A.; De Klerk, W. J. (2012). "New information on
Nqwebasaurus thwazi, a coelurosaurian theropod from the Early Cretaceous (Hauteriverian?) Kirkwood Formation in South Africa".
3398:
Choiniere, Jonah N.; Forster, Catherine A.; De Klerk, William J. (2012). "New information on Nqwebasaurus thwazi, a coelurosaurian theropod from the Early Cretaceous Kirkwood Formation in South Africa".
3579:
Van Der Reest, Aaron J.; Wolfe, Alexander P.; Currie, Philip J. (2016). "A densely feathered ornithomimid (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Upper Cretaceous Dinosaur Park Formation, Alberta, Canada".
756:" containing any medium to large sized theropod dinosaurs), but as more theropod diversity was uncovered, their true relationships to other theropods started to resolve, and they were moved to the
3133:
of a single species given the identification of at least two different taxa. Under this consideration, it is possible that a small pack of more than 10 individuals of different ornithomimosaurian
3041:
consistent with the idea that they were plant eaters, as herbivores usually outnumber carnivores in an ecosystem. However, they may have been omnivores that ate both plants and small animal prey.
3317:
Jin Liyong, Chen Jun & Pascal Godefroit (2012). "A New Basal Ornithomimosaur (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Early Cretaceous Yixian Formation, Northeast China". In Godefroit, P. (ed.).
3996:
Molnar, R. E., 2001, Theropod paleopathology: a literature survey: In: Mesozoic Vertebrate Life, edited by Tanke, D. H., and Carpenter, K., Indiana University Press, p. 337-363.
3343:
Lee, Y.-N.; Barsbold, R.; Currie, P.J.; Kobayashi, Y.; Lee, H.-J.; Godefroit, P.; Escuillié, F.; Chinzorig, T. (2014). "Resolving the long-standing enigmas of a giant ornithomimosaur
3441:
van der Reest, A.J.; Wolfe, A.P.; Currie, P.J. (2016). "A densely feathered ornithomimid (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Upper Cretaceous Dinosaur Park Formation, Alberta, Canada".
3528:
Foth, Christian; Tischlinger, Helmut; Rauhut, Oliver W. M. (2014). "New specimen of Archaeopteryx provides insights into the evolution of pennaceous feathers".
3868:"Chronic fracture and osteomyelitis in a large‐bodied ornithomimosaur with implications for the identification of unusual endosteal bone in the fossil record"
877:) and replaces the more inclusive use of Ornithomimosauria when alvarezsaurids or some other group are found to be closer relatives of ornithomimosaurs than
3702:
Claudia Inés Serrano-Brañas; Belinda Espinosa-Chávez; S. Augusta Maccracken; Cirene Gutiérrez-Blando; Claudio de León-Dávila; José Flores Ventura (2020). "
3429:
3032:
Ornithomimosaurs probably acquired most of their calories from plants. Many ornithomimosaurs, including primitive species, have been found with numerous
3255:(Theropoda: Ornithomimosauria) postcranial anatomy and the evolution of the specialized manus in Ornithomimosaurs and sternum in maniraptoriforms".
3107:
were collected from a single monospecific bonebed with a considerable density of juvenile individuals—out of 14, 11 were juveniles—, suggesting a
814:, it became redundant with the name Ornithomimosauria under broad definitions of that clade, and the name Arctometatarsalia was mostly abandoned.
666:
The skulls of ornithomimosaurs were small, with large eyes, above relatively long and slender necks. The most basal members of the taxon (such as
865:
might fall under Ornithomimosauria if an inclusive definition were adopted. Another clade, Ornithomimiformes, was defined by Sereno (2005) as (
716:, and the later due to possible impressions (otherwise taken to be collagen fibers). There is a debate on whether ornithomimids possessed the
3951:
783:
foot; that is, bipedal dinosaurs in which the upper foot bones were 'pinched' together, an adaptation for running. Holtz (1994) defined the
8498:
4107:
3620:
3839:
612:
to be close relatives of the ornithomimosaurs and place them together in the superfamily Ornithomimoidea (see classification below).
861:
than to birds, and in more restrictive senses. The more exclusive sense began to grow in popularity when the possibility arose that
3701:
6231:
6224:
4212:
3167:
8363:
4191:
8503:
3083:
Ornithomimosaurs are fairly well known for their gregarious life-styles. Some of the first findings of ornithomimosaur
3841:
Evolution, diversity, and disparity of ornithomimosaurs (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Upper Cretaceous of Mongolia
3220:
3866:
Chinzorig, Tsogtbaatar; Beguesse, Kyla A.; Canoville, Aurore; Phillips, George; Zanno, Lindsay E. (4 October 2022).
768:, Ornithomimosauria, in 1976. The contents of Ornithomimidae and Ornithomimosauria varied from author to author as
17:
7019:
4062:
Schmitz, L. & Motani, R. (2011). "Nocturnality in Dinosaurs Inferred from Scleral Ring and Orbit Morphology".
3706:, a large deinocheirid ornithomimosaur from the Cerro del Pueblo Formation (Upper Cretaceous), Coahuila, Mexico".
5553:
5539:
7801:
180:
8242:
5532:
4728:
3653:"A new paravian dinosaur from the Late Jurassic of North America supports a late acquisition of avian flight"
582:, the arms of which reached 2.4 m (8 feet) in length. More advanced species, members of the family
7037:
4734:
7815:
3192:
6238:
2491:., 2020, showing an analysis more in line with previous assumptions about ornithomimosaur classification.
8434:
5546:
4113:
J. Currie. Edited by D.H. Tanke and K. Carpenter. Indiana University Press: Bloomington. xviii + 577 pp.
889:
has proposed that Ornithomimosauria might be a group of primitive, flightless birds, more advanced than
8508:
8463:
7808:
4000:
Nicholls, E. L.; Russell, A. P. (1985). "Structure and function of the pectoral girdle and forelimb of
7044:
8493:
8376:
826:
696:
4279:
3959:
Jacobsen, A.R. 2001. Tooth-marked small theropod bone: An extremely rare trace. p. 58-63. In:
3867:
8370:
7025:
4184:
4119:"Supporting online material for: A basal dromaeosaurid and size evolution preceding avian flight"
1554:
166:
4158:
3282:
Sereno, P. (2017). "Early Cretaceous ornithomimosaurs (Dinosauria: Coelurosauria) from Africa".
857:
Ornithomimosauria has variously been used for the branch-based group of all dinosaurs closer to
8448:
8396:
3037:
799:, and Ornithomimosauria. Holtz (1996, 2000) later refined this definition to the branch-based "
3651:
Hartman, S.; Mortimer, M.; Wahl, W. R.; Lomax, D. R.; Lippincott, J.; Lovelace, D. M. (2019).
3617:
8443:
6750:
6662:
3872:
3088:
1376:
406:
8328:
6439:
6407:
4130:
4071:
4026:
3977:
3930:
3715:
3588:
3537:
3486:
3450:
3404:
3356:
3322:
3225:
410:
7795:
3797:
824:, in 2005, proposed the clade "Ornithomimiformes", defining them as all species closer to
8:
6763:
6550:
3108:
2218:
1003:
850:
776:
491:
7032:
4134:
4075:
4030:
3981:
3934:
3719:
3592:
3541:
3490:
3454:
3408:
3360:
3326:
3229:
8235:
6739:
6599:
6455:
6395:
5830:
5740:
5623:
4487:
4177:
4095:
4050:
3731:
3679:
3652:
3561:
3510:
3380:
3299:
3097:
3092:
2922:
2735:
1523:
788:
678:) had a jaw with small teeth, while the later and more derived species had a toothless
474:
175:
4017:
Norell, M. A.; Makovicky, P.; Currie, P. J. (2001). "The beaks of ostrich dinosaurs".
3798:"A new ornithomimid dinosaur with gregarious habits from the Late Cretaceous of China"
3190:
Dinosaurs: The Most Complete, Up-to-Date Encyclopedia for Dinosaur Lovers of All Ages,
1273:
8117:
8008:
7847:
7834:
7712:
7253:
7205:
6037:
5387:
4466:
4148:
4087:
4042:
3943:
3918:
3889:
3735:
3684:
3553:
3502:
3416:
3372:
3303:
3237:
1072:
832:
753:
264:
4099:
1251:
8477:
8221:
7978:
7888:
7677:
7593:
7455:
7374:
7346:
7306:
7187:
7157:
6675:
6428:
6292:
6149:
6049:
5898:
5805:
5763:
5330:
4640:
4138:
4079:
4054:
4034:
3985:
3938:
3881:
3848:
3776:
3723:
3674:
3664:
3596:
3565:
3545:
3514:
3494:
3458:
3412:
3384:
3364:
3291:
3264:
3233:
3130:
1836:
1550:
1496:
999:
894:
890:
796:
761:
545:
525:
285:
3989:
3600:
3462:
712:
have been speculated to be feathered as well, the former due to the presence of a
8284:
8022:
7985:
7917:
7772:
7765:
7577:
7519:
7492:
7482:
7441:
7276:
7135:
7119:
6937:
6909:
6887:
6774:
6619:
6326:
6100:
5983:
5961:
5882:
5711:
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5681:
5659:
5645:
5638:
5599:
5450:
5297:
5224:
5213:
5149:
5037:
4924:
4501:
4410:
4264:
4239:
3966:
3727:
3624:
3295:
3268:
3205:
3103:
2784:
1860:
1574:
1347:
1055:
983:
886:
862:
609:
549:
3767:
Gilmore, C. W. (1933). "On the dinosaurian fauna of the Iren Dabasu Formation".
810:
ornithomimosaurs. Since the strict definition of Arctometatarsalia was based on
760:. Recognizing the distinctiveness of ornithomimids compared to other dinosaurs,
8419:
8249:
8212:
8193:
8155:
8144:
7941:
7654:
7613:
7604:
7586:
7566:
7462:
7176:
6921:
6783:
6610:
6592:
6420:
6387:
6373:
6334:
6108:
5969:
5926:
5919:
5841:
5817:
5770:
5729:
5666:
5652:
5380:
5365:
5192:
5026:
4890:
4858:
4847:
4824:
4786:
4647:
4617:
4541:
4480:
4379:
3045:
2721:
2690:
2603:
2578:
2308:
1822:
1749:
1527:
1304:
1208:
1188:
1154:
1032:
969:
956:
818:
749:
583:
566:
460:
450:
393:
3963:. Ed.s Tanke, D. H., Carpenter, K., Skrepnick, M. W. Indiana University Press.
119:
8487:
8291:
8137:
8098:
8077:
7956:
7949:
7876:
7670:
7643:
7501:
7417:
7395:
7388:
7381:
7324:
7241:
7104:
7076:
7063:
6987:
6864:
6704:
6538:
6469:
6355:
6342:
6087:
6065:
6058:
6022:
5995:
5947:
5871:
5607:
5398:
5372:
5288:
5269:
5262:
5199:
5178:
5157:
5142:
5128:
5087:
5053:
5046:
4965:
4817:
4704:
4697:
4624:
4594:
4583:
4473:
4444:
4437:
4363:
3893:
3638:
Dinosaurs of the Air: The Evolution and Loss of Flight in Dinosaurs and Birds
2842:
2561:
2556:
2350:
1924:
1393:
1130:
1125:
1027:
951:
908:
873:
757:
708:
668:
594:
560:
544:), as well as Africa and possibly Australia. The group first appeared in the
541:
440:
383:
336:
159:
77:
4143:
4118:
4083:
2651:
8263:
8201:
8171:
8091:
8084:
8062:
8054:
7934:
7926:
7906:
7621:
7532:
7470:
7360:
7331:
7283:
7112:
7097:
6872:
6804:
6732:
6711:
6690:
6506:
6462:
6270:
6257:
6187:
6140:
6015:
5905:
5857:
5850:
5787:
5756:
5749:
5630:
5457:
5309:
5206:
5108:
5101:
4996:
4980:
4916:
4867:
4799:
4576:
4459:
4452:
4423:
4386:
4355:
4152:
4091:
4046:
3688:
3557:
3506:
3376:
3124:
capacities in adults than in juveniles. Moreover, and also contrary to the
3056:
2917:
2646:
2510:
1877:
1793:
1716:
1371:
1268:
1096:
867:
801:
792:
721:
702:
600:
578:
554:
326:
316:
305:
147:
141:
2673:
625:
8428:
8317:
8298:
8228:
8178:
8164:
8106:
8047:
7992:
7869:
7663:
7539:
7508:
7424:
7410:
7142:
7090:
6958:
6880:
6843:
6725:
6697:
6650:
6570:
6448:
6305:
6156:
6129:
6029:
5976:
5912:
5891:
5864:
5615:
5428:
5421:
5407:
5233:
5080:
5071:
4973:
4944:
4874:
4839:
4832:
4632:
4610:
4603:
4562:
4554:
4530:
4515:
4494:
4402:
4394:
3138:
3050:
2900:
2668:
2539:
2267:
2141:
2023:
2006:
1938:
1483:
1318:
1246:
1222:
878:
821:
683:
650:
605:
420:
347:
135:
52:
4117:
Turner, A.H.; Pol, D.; Clarke, J.A.; Erickson, G.M.; Norell, M. (2007).
3549:
3498:
3368:
3072:
2876:
1059:
8256:
8185:
8130:
7751:
7550:
7367:
7353:
7338:
7290:
7224:
7150:
6972:
6965:
6951:
6857:
6790:
6718:
6682:
6635:
6577:
6563:
6530:
6522:
6515:
6496:
6319:
6284:
6072:
5673:
5464:
5414:
5351:
5322:
5277:
5255:
5248:
5240:
5164:
5060:
5019:
5012:
5004:
4988:
4908:
4779:
4655:
4508:
4371:
4230:
3669:
3061:
3033:
2818:
2813:
2617:
2391:
2123:
2092:
1342:
1183:
765:
745:
717:
674:
656:
636:
588:
522:
373:
238:
153:
129:
97:
62:
39:
3852:
3821:
844:
8277:
8270:
7970:
7963:
7636:
7628:
7559:
7212:
6930:
6476:
6380:
6115:
5700:
5585:
5572:
5499:
5435:
5358:
5337:
5094:
4957:
4765:
4752:
4670:
4522:
4341:
4328:
4291:
4200:
4038:
3885:
3121:
2871:
2740:
2622:
2291:
2201:
769:
713:
251:
192:
102:
46:
8390:
3781:
3316:
8413:
7861:
7269:
7262:
7234:
7127:
6627:
6008:
5344:
5171:
4932:
4569:
4248:
4224:
3142:
3113:
2847:
1398:
700:, of which there are multiple specimens preserving feather traces.
645:
529:
514:
511:
225:
212:
92:
87:
72:
67:
57:
3865:
2789:
927:
881:, with Ornithomimosauria redefined to include dinosaurs closer to
7402:
7164:
6894:
6797:
6122:
5443:
3084:
3060:) and modern birds and reptiles indicate that they may have been
2583:
2374:
1570:
1159:
922:
729:
725:
518:
107:
82:
3319:
Bernissart Dinosaurs and Early Cretaceous Terrestrial Ecosystems
8070:
7758:
5185:
4218:
2515:
1699:
1101:
686:, the ornithomimosaurian hide was feathered rather than scaly.
572:
537:
521:. They were fast, omnivorous or herbivorous dinosaurs from the
430:
202:
127:
Collection of seven ornithomimosaurs, clockwise from top left:
3919:"The diet of ostrich dinosaurs (Theropoda: Ornithomimosauria)"
6901:
6642:
6584:
805:
and all theropods sharing a more recent common ancestor with
784:
4169:
8334:
6944:
3146:
3134:
3101:
ranging from young to adult remains. Multiple specimens of
1500:
679:
533:
507:
3475:
3342:
752:
was originally classified as a group of "megalosaurs" (a "
3251:
Cuesta E, Vidal D, Ortega F, Shibata M, Sanz JL (2021). "
791:
pes and all of its descendants." This group included the
772:
definitions began to appear for the groups in the 1990s.
3650:
3578:
3440:
3397:
3250:
3216:
787:
Arctometatarsalia as "the first theropod to develop the
779:
proposed a close relationship between theropods with an
4116:
3742:
517:
which bore a superficial resemblance to the modern-day
3695:
775:
In the early 1990s, prominent paleontologists such as
8461:
4061:
4016:
3527:
456:
446:
436:
426:
416:
399:
389:
379:
369:
354:
343:
332:
322:
312:
301:
7743:
3095:. The bonebed consisted of numerous individuals of
3769:Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History
3036:in their stomachs, characteristic of herbivores.
8485:
7845:
7711:
3064:, active throughout the day at short intervals.
7185:
3999:
694:Unambiguous evidence of feathers is known from
5709:
4263:
3815:
3321:. Indiana University Press. pp. 467–487.
3206:https://doi.org/10.7287/peerj.preprints.2308v1
732:and feather range is known in one specimen of
4185:
3612:
3610:
3338:
3336:
7074:
3640:. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
3430:Last of the Dinosaurs: The Cretaceous Period
6268:
6186:
5308:
3837:
3795:
3751:
3644:
3184:
3182:
4192:
4178:
3635:
3607:
3333:
118:
4142:
3942:
3831:
3780:
3678:
3668:
3275:
3257:Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society
552:. Primitive members of the group include
5583:
5498:
4763:
4339:
3708:Journal of South American Earth Sciences
3629:
3179:
3071:
843:
3916:
3766:
2487:Below is a cladogram by Serrano-Brañas
14:
8486:
3281:
3197:
764:placed ornithomimids within their own
8395:
8394:
7833:
7832:
7061:
6255:
5570:
4750:
4326:
4211:
4173:
3310:
3168:Timeline of ornithomimosaur research
3076:Block containing eight specimens of
3847:(PhD thesis). Hokkaido University.
27:Extinct clade of theropod dinosaurs
24:
8499:Early Cretaceous first appearances
3910:
3825:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
3152:
3067:
25:
8520:
7062:
4165:
3953:British Museum (Natural History):
3903:– via Wiley Online Library.
3796:Kobayashi, Y.; Lü, J.-C. (2003).
3401:Journal of African Earth Sciences
3221:Journal of African Earth Sciences
739:
8471:
8375:
8369:
8362:
7814:
7807:
7800:
7794:
7043:
7036:
7031:
7024:
7018:
6256:
6237:
6230:
6223:
5552:
5545:
5538:
5531:
4733:
4727:
3944:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2005.00448.x
3417:10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2012.05.005
3238:10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2012.05.005
3027:
2921:
2875:
2846:
2817:
2788:
2739:
2672:
2650:
2621:
2582:
2560:
2514:
1573:
1553:
1526:
1499:
1397:
1375:
1346:
1272:
1250:
1187:
1158:
1129:
1100:
1058:
1031:
1002:
955:
926:
635:
624:
179:
50:
3859:
3789:
3760:
3572:
3521:
3469:
3434:
3048:of two ornithomimosaur genera (
4004:(Theropoda: Ornithomimidae)".
3423:
3391:
3244:
3210:
615:
13:
1:
5571:
4751:
4327:
4199:
3990:10.1016/j.cretres.2010.12.004
3805:Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
3601:10.1016/j.cretres.2015.10.004
3463:10.1016/j.cretres.2015.10.004
3173:
604:. Some paleontologists, like
4108:Stem Archosauria—TaxonSearch
3827:. Program and Abstracts: 97.
3748:Nicholls and Russell (1985).
3728:10.1016/j.jsames.2020.102610
3618:Stem Archosauria—TaxonSearch
3296:10.5710/AMGH.23.10.2017.3155
3188:Holtz, Thomas R. Jr. (2012)
839:
7:
3161:
3158:intraspecific competition.
689:
10:
8525:
3704:Paraxenisaurus normalensis
3269:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab013
8504:Maastrichtian extinctions
8403:
8359:
8316:
8211:
8154:
8125:
8116:
8042:
8033:
8017:
8006:
7916:
7901:
7897:
7886:
7856:
7841:
7828:
7792:
7739:
7707:
7653:
7603:
7576:
7549:
7527:
7518:
7491:
7480:
7450:
7439:
7319:
7315:
7304:
7252:
7223:
7200:
7196:
7174:
7085:
7070:
7057:
7016:
6986:
6920:
6852:
6842:
6838:
6773:
6758:
6749:
6670:
6661:
6609:
6558:
6549:
6505:
6494:
6438:
6415:
6406:
6368:
6364:
6353:
6314:
6303:
6279:
6264:
6251:
6220:
6182:
6139:
6095:
6086:
6048:
6003:
5994:
5956:
5945:
5881:
5840:
5825:
5816:
5800:
5796:
5785:
5739:
5724:
5720:
5698:
5594:
5579:
5566:
5528:
5494:
5397:
5317:
5287:
5223:
5137:
5126:
5070:
5036:
4952:
4943:
4903:
4899:
4888:
4857:
4812:
4808:
4797:
4774:
4759:
4746:
4724:
4689:
4669:
4593:
4549:
4540:
4432:
4421:
4350:
4335:
4322:
4290:
4272:
4259:
4207:
3757:Schmitz and Motani (2011)
3149:sites or something else.
2914:
2897:
2890:
2868:
2861:
2839:
2832:
2810:
2803:
2781:
2774:
2761:
2754:
2732:
2725:
2687:
2665:
2643:
2636:
2614:
2607:
2597:
2575:
2553:
2536:
2529:
2507:
2500:
2388:
2371:
2364:
2347:
2340:
2305:
2288:
2281:
2264:
2257:
2250:
2215:
2198:
2191:
2178:
2171:
2164:
2138:
2120:
2113:
2106:
2089:
2082:
2020:
2003:
1996:
1983:
1976:
1959:
1952:
1935:
1928:
1918:
1874:
1857:
1850:
1833:
1826:
1816:
1790:
1777:
1770:
1763:
1746:
1739:
1713:
1696:
1689:
1682:
1568:
1548:
1541:
1521:
1514:
1494:
1487:
1390:
1368:
1361:
1339:
1332:
1315:
1308:
1265:
1243:
1236:
1219:
1212:
1202:
1180:
1173:
1151:
1144:
1122:
1115:
1093:
1086:
1076:
1053:
1046:
1024:
1017:
997:
980:
973:
948:
941:
919:
912:
827:Ornithomimus edmontonicus
697:Ornithomimus edmontonicus
608:, consider the enigmatic
480:
473:
298:
293:
176:Scientific classification
174:
126:
117:
34:
3961:Mesozoic Vertebrate Life
3838:Tsogtbaatar, K. (2019).
3044:Comparisons between the
885:than to alvarezsaurids.
548:and persisted until the
4144:10.1126/science.1144066
4084:10.1126/science.1200043
3917:Barrett, P. M. (2005).
3087:were reported from the
167:Gallimimus mongoliensis
3616:Sereno, P. C. (2005).
3345:Deinocheirus mirificus
3080:
3038:Henry Fairfield Osborn
854:
8444:Paleobiology Database
6751:Carcharodontosaurinae
6663:Carcharodontosauridae
3873:The Anatomical Record
3193:Winter 2011 Appendix.
3089:Iren Dabasu Formation
3075:
847:
510:-mimic lizards") are
7744:Dubious coelurosaurs
6440:Metriacanthosaurinae
6408:Metriacanthosauridae
4690:Dubious neotheropods
4106:Sereno, P. C. 2005.
3141:in optimal areas to
3120:may indicate higher
748:in 1890, the family
724:. Otherwise, a very
6764:Carcharodontosaurus
6551:Carcharodontosauria
4135:2007Sci...317.1378T
4129:(5843): 1378–1381.
4076:2011Sci...332..705S
4031:2001Natur.412..873N
4002:Struthiomimus altus
3982:2011CrRes..32..213X
3970:Cretaceous Research
3935:2005Palgy..48..347B
3720:2020JSAES.10102610S
3636:Paul, G.S. (2002).
3593:2016CrRes..58..108V
3581:Cretaceous Research
3550:10.1038/nature13467
3542:2014Natur.511...79F
3499:10.1038/nature13874
3491:2014Natur.515..257L
3455:2016CrRes..58..108V
3443:Cretaceous Research
3409:2012JAfES..71....1C
3369:10.1038/nature13874
3361:2014Natur.515..257L
3327:2012bdec.book.....G
3230:2012JAfES..71....1C
3143:find food resources
3109:gregarious behavior
2219:Ornithomimus sedens
851:Beishanlong grandis
777:Thomas R. Holtz Jr.
8236:Archaeornithomimus
6740:Veterupristisaurus
6600:Veterupristisaurus
6456:Metriacanthosaurus
6396:Piatnitzkysauridae
5831:Eustreptospondylus
5741:Piatnitzkysauridae
5624:Chuandongocoelurus
4488:Notatesseraeraptor
3714:: Article 102610.
3670:10.7717/peerj.7247
3623:2009-01-15 at the
3098:Archaeornithomimus
3093:Charles W. Gilmore
3081:
2736:Archaeornithomimus
2498:Ornithomimosauria
1963:Archaeornithomimus
1524:Therizinosauroidea
868:Ornithomimus velox
855:
789:arctometatarsalian
781:arctometatarsalian
489:Arctometatarsalia
483:Deinocheirosauria
8509:Clawed herbivores
8459:
8458:
8435:Ornithomimosauria
8405:Ornithomimosauria
8397:Taxon identifiers
8388:
8387:
8384:
8383:
8357:
8356:
8353:
8352:
8349:
8348:
8345:
8344:
8312:
8311:
8308:
8307:
8118:Macrocheiriformes
8035:Ornithomimosauria
8009:Maniraptoriformes
8002:
8001:
7848:Maniraptoromorpha
7835:Maniraptoromorpha
7824:
7823:
7790:
7789:
7786:
7785:
7782:
7781:
7735:
7734:
7731:
7730:
7713:Maniraptoromorpha
7703:
7702:
7699:
7698:
7695:
7694:
7691:
7690:
7687:
7686:
7435:
7434:
7300:
7299:
7254:Proceratosauridae
7206:Chingkankousaurus
7053:
7052:
7014:
7013:
7010:
7009:
7006:
7005:
6982:
6981:
6834:
6833:
6830:
6829:
6826:
6825:
6822:
6821:
6818:
6817:
6814:
6813:
6490:
6489:
6486:
6485:
6247:
6246:
6218:
6217:
6214:
6213:
6210:
6209:
6206:
6205:
6178:
6177:
6174:
6173:
6170:
6169:
6166:
6165:
6082:
6081:
6038:Vallibonavenatrix
5941:
5940:
5937:
5936:
5781:
5780:
5562:
5561:
5526:
5525:
5522:
5521:
5518:
5517:
5490:
5489:
5486:
5485:
5482:
5481:
5478:
5477:
5474:
5473:
5122:
5121:
5118:
5117:
4884:
4883:
4742:
4741:
4722:
4721:
4718:
4717:
4714:
4713:
4665:
4664:
4318:
4317:
4314:
4313:
4310:
4309:
4025:(6850): 873–874.
3955:Ostrich Dinosaurs
3485:(7526): 257–260.
3024:
3023:
3015:
3014:
3006:
3005:
2997:
2996:
2988:
2987:
2979:
2978:
2970:
2969:
2961:
2960:
2952:
2951:
2943:
2942:
2934:
2933:
2711:
2710:
2702:
2701:
2484:
2483:
2475:
2474:
2466:
2465:
2457:
2456:
2448:
2447:
2439:
2438:
2430:
2429:
2421:
2420:
2412:
2411:
2403:
2402:
2329:
2328:
2320:
2319:
2239:
2238:
2230:
2229:
2153:
2152:
2071:
2070:
2062:
2061:
2053:
2052:
2044:
2043:
2035:
2034:
1907:
1906:
1898:
1897:
1889:
1888:
1805:
1804:
1728:
1727:
1679:Ornithomimosauria
1667:
1666:
1658:
1657:
1649:
1648:
1640:
1639:
1631:
1630:
1622:
1621:
1613:
1612:
1604:
1603:
1595:
1594:
1586:
1585:
1473:
1472:
1464:
1463:
1455:
1454:
1446:
1445:
1437:
1436:
1428:
1427:
1419:
1418:
1410:
1409:
1294:
1293:
1285:
1284:
1083:Ornithomimosauria
1073:Maniraptoriformes
874:Passer domesticus
833:Passer domesticus
754:wastebasket taxon
720:feathers seen in
646:Life restorations
504:Ornithomimosauria
501:
500:
495:
486:
413:
366:
358:Macrocheiriformes
289:
281:Ornithomimosauria
265:Maniraptoriformes
16:(Redirected from
8516:
8494:Ornithomimosaurs
8476:
8475:
8474:
8467:
8452:
8451:
8439:
8438:
8437:
8424:
8423:
8422:
8392:
8391:
8379:
8373:
8366:
8222:Aepyornithomimus
8123:
8122:
8040:
8039:
8015:
8014:
7979:Sinocalliopteryx
7899:
7898:
7895:
7894:
7889:Neocoelurosauria
7854:
7853:
7843:
7842:
7830:
7829:
7818:
7811:
7804:
7798:
7741:
7740:
7709:
7708:
7678:Zhuchengtyrannus
7594:Thanatotheristes
7525:
7524:
7489:
7488:
7456:Appalachiosaurus
7448:
7447:
7317:
7316:
7313:
7312:
7307:Pantyrannosauria
7198:
7197:
7194:
7193:
7188:Tyrannosauroidea
7183:
7182:
7158:Xinjiangovenator
7083:
7082:
7072:
7071:
7059:
7058:
7047:
7040:
7035:
7028:
7022:
6850:
6849:
6840:
6839:
6756:
6755:
6676:Acrocanthosaurus
6668:
6667:
6556:
6555:
6503:
6502:
6429:Yangchuanosaurus
6413:
6412:
6366:
6365:
6362:
6361:
6312:
6311:
6293:Lourinhanosaurus
6277:
6276:
6266:
6265:
6253:
6252:
6241:
6234:
6227:
6184:
6183:
6150:Sigilmassasaurus
6093:
6092:
6050:Ceratosuchopsini
6001:
6000:
5954:
5953:
5899:Dubreuillosaurus
5823:
5822:
5806:Streptospondylus
5798:
5797:
5794:
5793:
5764:Piatnitzkysaurus
5722:
5721:
5718:
5717:
5707:
5706:
5592:
5591:
5581:
5580:
5568:
5567:
5556:
5549:
5542:
5535:
5496:
5495:
5331:Ekrixinatosaurus
5315:
5314:
5306:
5305:
5135:
5134:
4950:
4949:
4901:
4900:
4897:
4896:
4810:
4809:
4806:
4805:
4772:
4771:
4761:
4760:
4748:
4747:
4737:
4731:
4641:Procompsognathus
4547:
4546:
4430:
4429:
4348:
4347:
4337:
4336:
4324:
4323:
4270:
4269:
4261:
4260:
4254:
4253:
4209:
4208:
4194:
4187:
4180:
4171:
4170:
4156:
4146:
4103:
4058:
4039:10.1038/35091139
4013:
3993:
3948:
3946:
3905:
3904:
3902:
3900:
3886:10.1002/ar.25069
3880:(7): 1864–1879.
3863:
3857:
3856:
3846:
3835:
3829:
3828:
3819:
3813:
3812:
3802:
3793:
3787:
3786:
3784:
3764:
3758:
3755:
3749:
3746:
3740:
3739:
3699:
3693:
3692:
3682:
3672:
3648:
3642:
3641:
3633:
3627:
3614:
3605:
3604:
3576:
3570:
3569:
3525:
3519:
3518:
3473:
3467:
3466:
3438:
3432:
3427:
3421:
3420:
3395:
3389:
3388:
3340:
3331:
3330:
3314:
3308:
3307:
3279:
3273:
3272:
3248:
3242:
3241:
3214:
3208:
3201:
3195:
3186:
3131:social behaviour
2925:
2893:
2892:
2879:
2864:
2863:
2850:
2835:
2834:
2821:
2806:
2805:
2792:
2777:
2776:
2757:
2756:
2743:
2728:
2727:
2676:
2654:
2639:
2638:
2625:
2610:
2609:
2600:
2599:
2586:
2564:
2532:
2531:
2518:
2503:
2502:
2495:
2494:
2367:
2366:
2343:
2342:
2284:
2283:
2260:
2259:
2253:
2252:
2194:
2193:
2174:
2173:
2167:
2166:
2116:
2115:
2109:
2108:
2085:
2084:
1999:
1998:
1979:
1978:
1955:
1954:
1931:
1930:
1921:
1920:
1853:
1852:
1837:Aepyornithomimus
1829:
1828:
1819:
1818:
1773:
1772:
1766:
1765:
1742:
1741:
1692:
1691:
1685:
1684:
1675:
1674:
1577:
1557:
1551:Oviraptorosauria
1544:
1543:
1530:
1517:
1516:
1503:
1497:Alvarezsauroidea
1490:
1489:
1401:
1379:
1364:
1363:
1350:
1335:
1334:
1311:
1310:
1276:
1254:
1239:
1238:
1215:
1214:
1205:
1204:
1191:
1176:
1175:
1162:
1147:
1146:
1133:
1118:
1117:
1104:
1089:
1088:
1079:
1078:
1062:
1049:
1048:
1035:
1020:
1019:
1006:
1000:Tyrannosauroidea
976:
975:
959:
944:
943:
930:
915:
914:
905:
904:
895:Oviraptorosauria
891:Deinonychosauria
797:Tyrannosauroidea
762:Rinchen Barsbold
639:
628:
546:Early Cretaceous
490:
484:
458:
448:
438:
428:
418:
405:
401:
391:
381:
371:
360:
356:
345:
334:
324:
314:
303:
284:
279:
184:
183:
122:
112:
49:
38:Temporal range:
35:Ornithomimosaurs
32:
31:
21:
18:Ostrich dinosaur
8524:
8523:
8519:
8518:
8517:
8515:
8514:
8513:
8484:
8483:
8482:
8472:
8470:
8462:
8460:
8455:
8447:
8442:
8433:
8432:
8427:
8418:
8417:
8412:
8399:
8389:
8380:
8367:
8341:
8304:
8285:Sinornithomimus
8207:
8150:
8112:
8029:
8023:Compsognathidae
8011:
7998:
7986:Sinosauropteryx
7918:Compsognathidae
7912:
7891:
7882:
7850:
7837:
7820:
7819:
7805:
7778:
7773:Shanyangosaurus
7766:Phaedrolosaurus
7727:
7683:
7649:
7599:
7578:Daspletosaurini
7572:
7545:
7520:Tyrannosaurinae
7514:
7493:Albertosaurinae
7485:
7483:Tyrannosauridae
7476:
7444:
7442:Eutyrannosauria
7431:
7309:
7296:
7277:Proceratosaurus
7248:
7219:
7190:
7179:
7170:
7136:Richardoestesia
7120:Chilantaisaurus
7079:
7066:
7049:
7048:
7029:
7002:
6978:
6938:Australovenator
6916:
6910:Chilantaisaurus
6888:Phuwiangvenator
6810:
6775:Giganotosaurini
6769:
6745:
6657:
6620:Chilantaisaurus
6605:
6545:
6499:
6482:
6434:
6402:
6358:
6349:
6327:Monolophosaurus
6308:
6299:
6273:
6260:
6243:
6242:
6228:
6202:
6162:
6135:
6101:Camarillasaurus
6078:
6044:
5990:
5984:Ostafrikasaurus
5962:Camarillasaurus
5950:
5933:
5883:Afrovenatorinae
5877:
5836:
5812:
5790:
5777:
5735:
5714:
5712:Megalosauroidea
5703:
5694:
5689:Vectaerovenator
5682:Szechuanosaurus
5660:Monolophosaurus
5646:Kaijiangosaurus
5639:Cryolophosaurus
5600:Calamospondylus
5588:
5575:
5558:
5557:
5550:
5543:
5536:
5514:
5470:
5451:Pycnonemosaurus
5393:
5304:
5298:Majungasaurinae
5283:
5225:Majungasaurinae
5219:
5214:Xenotarsosaurus
5150:Dryptosauroides
5131:
5114:
5066:
5038:Elaphrosaurinae
5032:
4939:
4925:Ornithomimoides
4893:
4880:
4853:
4802:
4793:
4768:
4755:
4738:
4732:
4710:
4685:
4661:
4589:
4536:
4502:Shuangbaisaurus
4426:
4417:
4344:
4331:
4306:
4286:
4280:Avemetatarsalia
4265:Avemetatarsalia
4255:
4240:Avemetatarsalia
4214:
4213:
4203:
4198:
4168:
4070:(6030): 705–8.
3913:
3911:Further reading
3908:
3898:
3896:
3864:
3860:
3844:
3836:
3832:
3820:
3816:
3800:
3794:
3790:
3765:
3761:
3756:
3752:
3747:
3743:
3700:
3696:
3649:
3645:
3634:
3630:
3625:Wayback Machine
3615:
3608:
3577:
3573:
3536:(7507): 79–82.
3526:
3522:
3474:
3470:
3439:
3435:
3428:
3424:
3403:. 71–72: 1–17.
3396:
3392:
3341:
3334:
3315:
3311:
3280:
3276:
3249:
3245:
3224:. 71–72: 1–17.
3215:
3211:
3202:
3198:
3187:
3180:
3176:
3164:
3155:
3153:Palaeopathology
3137:was travelling
3126:Sinornithomimus
3118:Sinornithomimus
3104:Sinornithomimus
3078:Sinornithomimus
3070:
3068:Social behavior
3030:
3025:
3016:
3007:
2998:
2989:
2980:
2971:
2962:
2953:
2944:
2935:
2785:Sinornithomimus
2763:Bissekty Taxon
2712:
2703:
2485:
2476:
2467:
2458:
2449:
2440:
2431:
2422:
2413:
2404:
2330:
2321:
2240:
2231:
2154:
2127:"mongoliensis"
2072:
2063:
2054:
2045:
2036:
1908:
1899:
1890:
1861:Sinornithomimus
1806:
1729:
1668:
1659:
1650:
1641:
1632:
1623:
1614:
1605:
1596:
1587:
1474:
1465:
1456:
1447:
1438:
1429:
1420:
1411:
1295:
1286:
1056:Compsognathidae
984:Proceratosaurus
887:Gregory S. Paul
848:Restoration of
842:
742:
692:
664:
663:
662:
661:
642:
641:
640:
631:
630:
629:
618:
550:Late Cretaceous
403:Ornithomimoidea
283:
277:
178:
113:
111:
110:
105:
100:
95:
90:
85:
80:
75:
70:
65:
60:
55:
44:
43:
36:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
8522:
8512:
8511:
8506:
8501:
8496:
8481:
8480:
8457:
8456:
8454:
8453:
8440:
8425:
8409:
8407:
8401:
8400:
8386:
8385:
8382:
8381:
8361:
8360:
8358:
8355:
8354:
8351:
8350:
8347:
8346:
8343:
8342:
8340:
8339:
8338:
8337:
8331:
8322:
8320:
8314:
8313:
8310:
8309:
8306:
8305:
8303:
8302:
8295:
8288:
8281:
8274:
8267:
8260:
8253:
8250:Dromiceiomimus
8246:
8239:
8232:
8225:
8217:
8215:
8213:Ornithomimidae
8209:
8208:
8206:
8205:
8198:
8194:Paraxenisaurus
8190:
8182:
8175:
8168:
8160:
8158:
8156:Deinocheiridae
8152:
8151:
8149:
8148:
8145:Shenzhousaurus
8141:
8134:
8126:
8120:
8114:
8113:
8111:
8110:
8103:
8095:
8088:
8081:
8074:
8067:
8059:
8051:
8043:
8037:
8031:
8030:
8028:
8027:
8018:
8012:
8007:
8004:
8003:
8000:
7999:
7997:
7996:
7989:
7982:
7975:
7967:
7960:
7953:
7946:
7942:Beipiaognathus
7938:
7931:
7922:
7920:
7914:
7913:
7911:
7910:
7902:
7892:
7887:
7884:
7883:
7881:
7880:
7873:
7866:
7857:
7851:
7846:
7839:
7838:
7826:
7825:
7822:
7821:
7813:
7799:
7793:
7791:
7788:
7787:
7784:
7783:
7780:
7779:
7777:
7776:
7769:
7762:
7755:
7747:
7745:
7737:
7736:
7733:
7732:
7729:
7728:
7726:
7725:
7724:
7723:
7717:
7715:
7705:
7704:
7701:
7700:
7697:
7696:
7693:
7692:
7689:
7688:
7685:
7684:
7682:
7681:
7674:
7667:
7659:
7657:
7655:Tyrannosaurini
7651:
7650:
7648:
7647:
7640:
7633:
7625:
7618:
7614:Bistahieversor
7609:
7607:
7605:Teratophoneini
7601:
7600:
7598:
7597:
7590:
7587:Daspletosaurus
7582:
7580:
7574:
7573:
7571:
7570:
7567:Qianzhousaurus
7563:
7555:
7553:
7547:
7546:
7544:
7543:
7536:
7528:
7522:
7516:
7515:
7513:
7512:
7505:
7497:
7495:
7486:
7481:
7478:
7477:
7475:
7474:
7467:
7463:Bistahieversor
7459:
7451:
7445:
7440:
7437:
7436:
7433:
7432:
7430:
7429:
7421:
7414:
7407:
7399:
7392:
7385:
7378:
7371:
7364:
7357:
7350:
7343:
7335:
7328:
7320:
7310:
7305:
7302:
7301:
7298:
7297:
7295:
7294:
7287:
7280:
7273:
7266:
7258:
7256:
7250:
7249:
7247:
7246:
7238:
7230:
7228:
7221:
7220:
7218:
7217:
7209:
7201:
7191:
7186:
7180:
7177:Tyrannoraptora
7175:
7172:
7171:
7169:
7168:
7161:
7154:
7147:
7139:
7132:
7124:
7116:
7109:
7101:
7094:
7086:
7080:
7075:
7068:
7067:
7055:
7054:
7051:
7050:
7042:
7023:
7017:
7015:
7012:
7011:
7008:
7007:
7004:
7003:
7001:
7000:
6999:
6998:
6992:
6990:
6984:
6983:
6980:
6979:
6977:
6976:
6969:
6962:
6955:
6948:
6941:
6934:
6926:
6924:
6922:Megaraptoridae
6918:
6917:
6915:
6914:
6906:
6898:
6891:
6884:
6877:
6869:
6861:
6853:
6847:
6836:
6835:
6832:
6831:
6828:
6827:
6824:
6823:
6820:
6819:
6816:
6815:
6812:
6811:
6809:
6808:
6801:
6794:
6787:
6784:Giganotosaurus
6779:
6777:
6771:
6770:
6768:
6767:
6759:
6753:
6747:
6746:
6744:
6743:
6736:
6729:
6722:
6715:
6708:
6701:
6694:
6687:
6679:
6671:
6665:
6659:
6658:
6656:
6655:
6647:
6639:
6632:
6624:
6615:
6613:
6611:Neovenatoridae
6607:
6606:
6604:
6603:
6596:
6593:Ulughbegsaurus
6589:
6581:
6574:
6567:
6559:
6553:
6547:
6546:
6544:
6543:
6535:
6527:
6519:
6511:
6509:
6500:
6495:
6492:
6491:
6488:
6487:
6484:
6483:
6481:
6480:
6473:
6466:
6459:
6452:
6444:
6442:
6436:
6435:
6433:
6432:
6425:
6421:Xuanhanosaurus
6416:
6410:
6404:
6403:
6401:
6400:
6392:
6388:Xuanhanosaurus
6384:
6377:
6374:Asfaltovenator
6369:
6359:
6354:
6351:
6350:
6348:
6347:
6339:
6335:Megalosauridae
6331:
6323:
6315:
6309:
6304:
6301:
6300:
6298:
6297:
6289:
6280:
6274:
6269:
6262:
6261:
6249:
6248:
6245:
6244:
6236:
6222:
6221:
6219:
6216:
6215:
6212:
6211:
6208:
6207:
6204:
6203:
6201:
6200:
6199:
6198:
6192:
6190:
6180:
6179:
6176:
6175:
6172:
6171:
6168:
6167:
6164:
6163:
6161:
6160:
6153:
6145:
6143:
6137:
6136:
6134:
6133:
6126:
6119:
6112:
6109:Ichthyovenator
6105:
6096:
6090:
6084:
6083:
6080:
6079:
6077:
6076:
6069:
6062:
6054:
6052:
6046:
6045:
6043:
6042:
6034:
6026:
6019:
6012:
6004:
5998:
5992:
5991:
5989:
5988:
5980:
5973:
5970:Cristatusaurus
5966:
5957:
5951:
5946:
5943:
5942:
5939:
5938:
5935:
5934:
5932:
5931:
5927:Poekilopleuron
5923:
5920:Piveteausaurus
5916:
5909:
5902:
5895:
5887:
5885:
5879:
5878:
5876:
5875:
5868:
5861:
5854:
5846:
5844:
5842:Megalosaurinae
5838:
5837:
5835:
5834:
5826:
5820:
5818:Megalosauridae
5814:
5813:
5811:
5810:
5801:
5791:
5786:
5783:
5782:
5779:
5778:
5776:
5775:
5771:Xuanhanosaurus
5767:
5760:
5753:
5745:
5743:
5737:
5736:
5734:
5733:
5730:Yunyangosaurus
5725:
5715:
5710:
5704:
5699:
5696:
5695:
5693:
5692:
5685:
5678:
5670:
5667:Pandoravenator
5663:
5656:
5653:Kayentavenator
5649:
5642:
5635:
5627:
5620:
5612:
5604:
5595:
5589:
5584:
5577:
5576:
5564:
5563:
5560:
5559:
5551:
5544:
5537:
5530:
5529:
5527:
5524:
5523:
5520:
5519:
5516:
5515:
5513:
5512:
5511:
5510:
5504:
5502:
5492:
5491:
5488:
5487:
5484:
5483:
5480:
5479:
5476:
5475:
5472:
5471:
5469:
5468:
5461:
5454:
5447:
5440:
5432:
5425:
5418:
5411:
5403:
5401:
5395:
5394:
5392:
5391:
5384:
5381:Skorpiovenator
5377:
5369:
5362:
5355:
5348:
5341:
5334:
5327:
5318:
5312:
5303:
5302:
5293:
5291:
5285:
5284:
5282:
5281:
5274:
5266:
5259:
5252:
5245:
5237:
5229:
5227:
5221:
5220:
5218:
5217:
5210:
5203:
5196:
5193:Spectrovenator
5189:
5182:
5175:
5168:
5161:
5154:
5146:
5138:
5132:
5127:
5124:
5123:
5120:
5119:
5116:
5115:
5113:
5112:
5105:
5098:
5091:
5084:
5076:
5074:
5068:
5067:
5065:
5064:
5057:
5050:
5042:
5040:
5034:
5033:
5031:
5030:
5027:Spinostropheus
5023:
5016:
5009:
5001:
4993:
4985:
4977:
4970:
4962:
4953:
4947:
4941:
4940:
4938:
4937:
4929:
4921:
4913:
4904:
4894:
4891:Abelisauroidea
4889:
4886:
4885:
4882:
4881:
4879:
4878:
4871:
4863:
4861:
4859:Ceratosauridae
4855:
4854:
4852:
4851:
4848:Saltriovenator
4844:
4836:
4829:
4825:Fosterovenator
4821:
4813:
4803:
4798:
4795:
4794:
4792:
4791:
4787:Lophostropheus
4783:
4775:
4769:
4764:
4757:
4756:
4744:
4743:
4740:
4739:
4726:
4725:
4723:
4720:
4719:
4716:
4715:
4712:
4711:
4709:
4708:
4701:
4693:
4691:
4687:
4686:
4684:
4683:
4682:
4681:
4675:
4673:
4667:
4666:
4663:
4662:
4660:
4659:
4652:
4648:Pterospondylus
4644:
4637:
4629:
4621:
4618:Lucianovenator
4614:
4607:
4599:
4597:
4591:
4590:
4588:
4587:
4580:
4573:
4566:
4559:
4550:
4544:
4542:Coelophysoidea
4538:
4537:
4535:
4534:
4527:
4519:
4512:
4505:
4498:
4491:
4484:
4481:Lophostropheus
4477:
4470:
4463:
4456:
4449:
4441:
4433:
4427:
4422:
4419:
4418:
4416:
4415:
4407:
4399:
4391:
4383:
4380:Erythrovenator
4376:
4368:
4360:
4351:
4345:
4340:
4333:
4332:
4320:
4319:
4316:
4315:
4312:
4311:
4308:
4307:
4305:
4304:
4303:
4302:
4296:
4294:
4288:
4287:
4285:
4284:
4283:
4282:
4273:
4267:
4257:
4256:
4252:
4251:
4242:
4233:
4227:
4221:
4205:
4204:
4197:
4196:
4189:
4182:
4174:
4167:
4166:External links
4164:
4163:
4162:
4114:
4110:
4104:
4059:
4014:
3997:
3994:
3976:(2): 213–222.
3964:
3957:
3949:
3929:(2): 347–358.
3912:
3909:
3907:
3906:
3858:
3830:
3814:
3788:
3759:
3750:
3741:
3694:
3643:
3628:
3606:
3571:
3520:
3468:
3433:
3422:
3390:
3332:
3309:
3290:(5): 576–616.
3274:
3263:(2): 553–591.
3243:
3209:
3196:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3171:
3170:
3163:
3160:
3154:
3151:
3069:
3066:
3029:
3026:
3022:
3021:
3018:
3017:
3013:
3012:
3009:
3008:
3004:
3003:
3000:
2999:
2995:
2994:
2991:
2990:
2986:
2985:
2982:
2981:
2977:
2976:
2973:
2972:
2968:
2967:
2964:
2963:
2959:
2958:
2955:
2954:
2950:
2949:
2946:
2945:
2941:
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2937:
2936:
2932:
2931:
2928:
2927:
2913:
2910:
2909:
2906:
2905:
2896:
2891:
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2885:
2882:
2881:
2867:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2856:
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2852:
2838:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2827:
2824:
2823:
2809:
2804:
2802:
2799:
2798:
2795:
2794:
2780:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2769:
2766:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2753:
2750:
2749:
2746:
2745:
2731:
2726:
2724:
2722:Ornithomimidae
2718:
2717:
2714:
2713:
2709:
2708:
2705:
2704:
2700:
2699:
2696:
2695:
2691:Paraxenisaurus
2686:
2683:
2682:
2679:
2678:
2664:
2661:
2660:
2657:
2656:
2642:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2631:
2628:
2627:
2613:
2608:
2606:
2604:Deinocheiridae
2598:
2596:
2593:
2592:
2589:
2588:
2579:Shenzhousaurus
2574:
2571:
2570:
2567:
2566:
2552:
2549:
2548:
2545:
2544:
2535:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2524:
2521:
2520:
2506:
2501:
2499:
2493:
2482:
2481:
2478:
2477:
2473:
2472:
2469:
2468:
2464:
2463:
2460:
2459:
2455:
2454:
2451:
2450:
2446:
2445:
2442:
2441:
2437:
2436:
2433:
2432:
2428:
2427:
2424:
2423:
2419:
2418:
2415:
2414:
2410:
2409:
2406:
2405:
2401:
2400:
2397:
2396:
2387:
2384:
2383:
2380:
2379:
2370:
2365:
2363:
2360:
2359:
2356:
2355:
2346:
2341:
2339:
2336:
2335:
2332:
2331:
2327:
2326:
2323:
2322:
2318:
2317:
2314:
2313:
2309:Dromiceiomimus
2304:
2301:
2300:
2297:
2296:
2287:
2282:
2280:
2277:
2276:
2273:
2272:
2263:
2258:
2256:
2251:
2249:
2246:
2245:
2242:
2241:
2237:
2236:
2233:
2232:
2228:
2227:
2224:
2223:
2214:
2211:
2210:
2207:
2206:
2197:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2186:
2183:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2170:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2159:
2156:
2155:
2151:
2150:
2147:
2146:
2137:
2134:
2133:
2130:
2129:
2119:
2114:
2112:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2101:
2098:
2097:
2088:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2077:
2074:
2073:
2069:
2068:
2065:
2064:
2060:
2059:
2056:
2055:
2051:
2050:
2047:
2046:
2042:
2041:
2038:
2037:
2033:
2032:
2029:
2028:
2019:
2016:
2015:
2012:
2011:
2002:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1991:
1988:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1971:
1968:
1967:
1958:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1947:
1944:
1943:
1934:
1929:
1927:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1913:
1910:
1909:
1905:
1904:
1901:
1900:
1896:
1895:
1892:
1891:
1887:
1886:
1883:
1882:
1873:
1870:
1869:
1866:
1865:
1856:
1851:
1849:
1846:
1845:
1842:
1841:
1832:
1827:
1825:
1823:Ornithomimidae
1817:
1815:
1812:
1811:
1808:
1807:
1803:
1802:
1799:
1798:
1789:
1786:
1785:
1782:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1769:
1764:
1762:
1759:
1758:
1755:
1754:
1750:Shenzhousaurus
1745:
1740:
1738:
1735:
1734:
1731:
1730:
1726:
1725:
1722:
1721:
1712:
1709:
1708:
1705:
1704:
1695:
1690:
1688:
1683:
1681:
1673:
1665:
1664:
1661:
1660:
1656:
1655:
1652:
1651:
1647:
1646:
1643:
1642:
1638:
1637:
1634:
1633:
1629:
1628:
1625:
1624:
1620:
1619:
1616:
1615:
1611:
1610:
1607:
1606:
1602:
1601:
1598:
1597:
1593:
1592:
1589:
1588:
1584:
1583:
1580:
1579:
1567:
1564:
1563:
1560:
1559:
1547:
1542:
1540:
1537:
1536:
1533:
1532:
1520:
1515:
1513:
1510:
1509:
1506:
1505:
1493:
1488:
1486:
1480:
1479:
1476:
1475:
1471:
1470:
1467:
1466:
1462:
1461:
1458:
1457:
1453:
1452:
1449:
1448:
1444:
1443:
1440:
1439:
1435:
1434:
1431:
1430:
1426:
1425:
1422:
1421:
1417:
1416:
1413:
1412:
1408:
1407:
1404:
1403:
1389:
1386:
1385:
1382:
1381:
1367:
1362:
1360:
1357:
1356:
1353:
1352:
1338:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1327:
1324:
1323:
1314:
1309:
1307:
1305:Ornithomimidae
1301:
1300:
1297:
1296:
1292:
1291:
1288:
1287:
1283:
1282:
1279:
1278:
1264:
1261:
1260:
1257:
1256:
1242:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1231:
1228:
1227:
1218:
1213:
1211:
1209:Deinocheiridae
1203:
1201:
1198:
1197:
1194:
1193:
1179:
1174:
1172:
1169:
1168:
1165:
1164:
1155:Shenzhousaurus
1150:
1145:
1143:
1140:
1139:
1136:
1135:
1121:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1110:
1107:
1106:
1092:
1087:
1085:
1077:
1075:
1069:
1068:
1065:
1064:
1052:
1047:
1045:
1042:
1041:
1038:
1037:
1023:
1018:
1016:
1013:
1012:
1009:
1008:
996:
993:
992:
989:
988:
979:
974:
972:
970:Tyrannoraptora
966:
965:
962:
961:
947:
942:
940:
937:
936:
933:
932:
918:
913:
911:
903:
863:alvarezsaurids
841:
838:
819:paleontologist
750:Ornithomimidae
741:
740:Classification
738:
691:
688:
644:
643:
634:
633:
632:
623:
622:
621:
620:
619:
617:
614:
610:alvarezsaurids
584:Ornithomimidae
567:Shenzhousaurus
499:
498:
497:
496:
487:
485:Barsbold, 1976
478:
477:
471:
470:
469:
468:
467:
466:
465:
464:
461:Ornithomimidae
454:
451:Deinocheiridae
444:
434:
424:
397:
394:Shenzhousaurus
387:
377:
352:
341:
330:
320:
310:
296:
295:
291:
290:
275:
268:
267:
262:
255:
254:
249:
242:
241:
236:
229:
228:
223:
216:
215:
210:
206:
205:
200:
196:
195:
190:
186:
185:
172:
171:
124:
123:
115:
114:
106:
101:
96:
91:
86:
81:
76:
71:
66:
61:
56:
51:
37:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
8521:
8510:
8507:
8505:
8502:
8500:
8497:
8495:
8492:
8491:
8489:
8479:
8469:
8468:
8465:
8450:
8445:
8441:
8436:
8430:
8426:
8421:
8415:
8411:
8410:
8408:
8406:
8402:
8398:
8393:
8378:
8374:
8372:
8365:
8336:
8332:
8330:
8326:
8325:
8324:
8323:
8321:
8319:
8315:
8301:
8300:
8296:
8294:
8293:
8292:Struthiomimus
8289:
8287:
8286:
8282:
8280:
8279:
8275:
8273:
8272:
8268:
8266:
8265:
8261:
8259:
8258:
8254:
8252:
8251:
8247:
8245:
8244:
8243:"Coelosaurus"
8240:
8238:
8237:
8233:
8231:
8230:
8226:
8224:
8223:
8219:
8218:
8216:
8214:
8210:
8204:
8203:
8199:
8196:
8195:
8191:
8188:
8187:
8183:
8181:
8180:
8176:
8174:
8173:
8169:
8167:
8166:
8162:
8161:
8159:
8157:
8153:
8147:
8146:
8142:
8140:
8139:
8138:Pelecanimimus
8135:
8133:
8132:
8128:
8127:
8124:
8121:
8119:
8115:
8109:
8108:
8104:
8101:
8100:
8099:Thecocoelurus
8096:
8094:
8093:
8089:
8087:
8086:
8082:
8080:
8079:
8078:Kinnareemimus
8075:
8073:
8072:
8068:
8065:
8064:
8060:
8057:
8056:
8052:
8050:
8049:
8045:
8044:
8041:
8038:
8036:
8032:
8025:
8024:
8020:
8019:
8016:
8013:
8010:
8005:
7995:
7994:
7990:
7988:
7987:
7983:
7981:
7980:
7976:
7973:
7972:
7968:
7966:
7965:
7961:
7959:
7958:
7957:Huaxiagnathus
7954:
7952:
7951:
7950:Compsognathus
7947:
7944:
7943:
7939:
7937:
7936:
7932:
7929:
7928:
7924:
7923:
7921:
7919:
7915:
7909:
7908:
7904:
7903:
7900:
7896:
7893:
7890:
7885:
7879:
7878:
7877:Ornitholestes
7874:
7872:
7871:
7867:
7864:
7863:
7859:
7858:
7855:
7852:
7849:
7844:
7840:
7836:
7831:
7827:
7817:
7812:
7810:
7803:
7797:
7775:
7774:
7770:
7768:
7767:
7763:
7761:
7760:
7756:
7754:
7753:
7749:
7748:
7746:
7742:
7738:
7721:
7720:
7719:
7718:
7716:
7714:
7710:
7706:
7680:
7679:
7675:
7673:
7672:
7671:Tyrannosaurus
7668:
7666:
7665:
7661:
7660:
7658:
7656:
7652:
7646:
7645:
7644:Teratophoneus
7641:
7639:
7638:
7634:
7631:
7630:
7626:
7624:
7623:
7619:
7616:
7615:
7611:
7610:
7608:
7606:
7602:
7596:
7595:
7591:
7589:
7588:
7584:
7583:
7581:
7579:
7575:
7569:
7568:
7564:
7562:
7561:
7557:
7556:
7554:
7552:
7548:
7542:
7541:
7537:
7535:
7534:
7530:
7529:
7526:
7523:
7521:
7517:
7511:
7510:
7506:
7504:
7503:
7502:Albertosaurus
7499:
7498:
7496:
7494:
7490:
7487:
7484:
7479:
7473:
7472:
7468:
7465:
7464:
7460:
7458:
7457:
7453:
7452:
7449:
7446:
7443:
7438:
7427:
7426:
7422:
7420:
7419:
7418:Xiongguanlong
7415:
7413:
7412:
7408:
7405:
7404:
7400:
7398:
7397:
7396:Suskityrannus
7393:
7391:
7390:
7389:Stokesosaurus
7386:
7384:
7383:
7382:Santanaraptor
7379:
7377:
7376:
7372:
7370:
7369:
7365:
7363:
7362:
7358:
7356:
7355:
7351:
7349:
7348:
7344:
7341:
7340:
7336:
7334:
7333:
7329:
7327:
7326:
7325:Alectrosaurus
7322:
7321:
7318:
7314:
7311:
7308:
7303:
7293:
7292:
7288:
7286:
7285:
7281:
7279:
7278:
7274:
7272:
7271:
7267:
7265:
7264:
7260:
7259:
7257:
7255:
7251:
7244:
7243:
7242:Tanycolagreus
7239:
7237:
7236:
7232:
7231:
7229:
7226:
7222:
7215:
7214:
7210:
7208:
7207:
7203:
7202:
7199:
7195:
7192:
7189:
7184:
7181:
7178:
7173:
7167:
7166:
7162:
7160:
7159:
7155:
7153:
7152:
7148:
7145:
7144:
7140:
7138:
7137:
7133:
7130:
7129:
7125:
7122:
7121:
7117:
7115:
7114:
7110:
7107:
7106:
7105:Bahariasaurus
7102:
7100:
7099:
7095:
7093:
7092:
7088:
7087:
7084:
7081:
7078:
7077:Coelurosauria
7073:
7069:
7065:
7064:Coelurosauria
7060:
7056:
7046:
7041:
7039:
7034:
7027:
7021:
6996:
6995:
6994:
6993:
6991:
6989:
6988:Coelurosauria
6985:
6975:
6974:
6970:
6968:
6967:
6963:
6961:
6960:
6956:
6954:
6953:
6949:
6947:
6946:
6942:
6940:
6939:
6935:
6933:
6932:
6928:
6927:
6925:
6923:
6919:
6913:
6911:
6907:
6905:
6903:
6899:
6897:
6896:
6892:
6890:
6889:
6885:
6883:
6882:
6878:
6875:
6874:
6870:
6867:
6866:
6865:Bahariasaurus
6862:
6860:
6859:
6855:
6854:
6851:
6848:
6845:
6841:
6837:
6807:
6806:
6802:
6800:
6799:
6795:
6793:
6792:
6788:
6786:
6785:
6781:
6780:
6778:
6776:
6772:
6766:
6765:
6761:
6760:
6757:
6754:
6752:
6748:
6742:
6741:
6737:
6735:
6734:
6730:
6728:
6727:
6723:
6721:
6720:
6716:
6714:
6713:
6709:
6707:
6706:
6705:Kelmayisaurus
6702:
6700:
6699:
6695:
6693:
6692:
6688:
6685:
6684:
6680:
6678:
6677:
6673:
6672:
6669:
6666:
6664:
6660:
6653:
6652:
6648:
6645:
6644:
6640:
6638:
6637:
6633:
6630:
6629:
6625:
6622:
6621:
6617:
6616:
6614:
6612:
6608:
6602:
6601:
6597:
6595:
6594:
6590:
6587:
6586:
6582:
6580:
6579:
6575:
6573:
6572:
6568:
6566:
6565:
6561:
6560:
6557:
6554:
6552:
6548:
6541:
6540:
6539:Saurophaganax
6536:
6533:
6532:
6528:
6525:
6524:
6520:
6518:
6517:
6513:
6512:
6510:
6508:
6504:
6501:
6498:
6493:
6479:
6478:
6474:
6472:
6471:
6470:Siamotyrannus
6467:
6465:
6464:
6460:
6458:
6457:
6453:
6451:
6450:
6446:
6445:
6443:
6441:
6437:
6431:
6430:
6426:
6423:
6422:
6418:
6417:
6414:
6411:
6409:
6405:
6398:
6397:
6393:
6390:
6389:
6385:
6383:
6382:
6378:
6376:
6375:
6371:
6370:
6367:
6363:
6360:
6357:
6356:Allosauroidea
6352:
6345:
6344:
6343:Spinosauridae
6340:
6337:
6336:
6332:
6329:
6328:
6324:
6322:
6321:
6317:
6316:
6313:
6310:
6307:
6302:
6295:
6294:
6290:
6287:
6286:
6282:
6281:
6278:
6275:
6272:
6267:
6263:
6259:
6254:
6250:
6240:
6235:
6233:
6226:
6196:
6195:
6194:
6193:
6191:
6189:
6185:
6181:
6159:
6158:
6154:
6152:
6151:
6147:
6146:
6144:
6142:
6138:
6132:
6131:
6127:
6125:
6124:
6120:
6118:
6117:
6113:
6111:
6110:
6106:
6103:
6102:
6098:
6097:
6094:
6091:
6089:
6088:Spinosaurinae
6085:
6075:
6074:
6070:
6068:
6067:
6066:Riparovenator
6063:
6061:
6060:
6059:Ceratosuchops
6056:
6055:
6053:
6051:
6047:
6040:
6039:
6035:
6032:
6031:
6027:
6025:
6024:
6023:Riojavenatrix
6020:
6018:
6017:
6013:
6011:
6010:
6006:
6005:
6002:
5999:
5997:
5996:Baryonychinae
5993:
5986:
5985:
5981:
5979:
5978:
5974:
5972:
5971:
5967:
5964:
5963:
5959:
5958:
5955:
5952:
5949:
5948:Spinosauridae
5944:
5929:
5928:
5924:
5922:
5921:
5917:
5915:
5914:
5910:
5908:
5907:
5903:
5901:
5900:
5896:
5894:
5893:
5889:
5888:
5886:
5884:
5880:
5874:
5873:
5872:Wiehenvenator
5869:
5867:
5866:
5862:
5860:
5859:
5855:
5853:
5852:
5848:
5847:
5845:
5843:
5839:
5833:
5832:
5828:
5827:
5824:
5821:
5819:
5815:
5808:
5807:
5803:
5802:
5799:
5795:
5792:
5789:
5784:
5773:
5772:
5768:
5766:
5765:
5761:
5759:
5758:
5754:
5752:
5751:
5747:
5746:
5744:
5742:
5738:
5732:
5731:
5727:
5726:
5723:
5719:
5716:
5713:
5708:
5705:
5702:
5697:
5691:
5690:
5686:
5684:
5683:
5679:
5676:
5675:
5671:
5669:
5668:
5664:
5662:
5661:
5657:
5655:
5654:
5650:
5648:
5647:
5643:
5641:
5640:
5636:
5633:
5632:
5628:
5626:
5625:
5621:
5618:
5617:
5613:
5610:
5609:
5608:Chienkosaurus
5605:
5602:
5601:
5597:
5596:
5593:
5590:
5587:
5582:
5578:
5574:
5569:
5565:
5555:
5548:
5541:
5534:
5508:
5507:
5506:
5505:
5503:
5501:
5497:
5493:
5467:
5466:
5462:
5460:
5459:
5455:
5453:
5452:
5448:
5446:
5445:
5441:
5438:
5437:
5433:
5431:
5430:
5426:
5424:
5423:
5419:
5417:
5416:
5412:
5410:
5409:
5405:
5404:
5402:
5400:
5399:Furileusauria
5396:
5390:
5389:
5385:
5383:
5382:
5378:
5375:
5374:
5373:Rahiolisaurus
5370:
5368:
5367:
5363:
5361:
5360:
5356:
5354:
5353:
5349:
5347:
5346:
5342:
5340:
5339:
5335:
5333:
5332:
5328:
5325:
5324:
5320:
5319:
5316:
5313:
5311:
5307:
5300:
5299:
5295:
5294:
5292:
5290:
5289:Carnotaurinae
5286:
5280:
5279:
5275:
5272:
5271:
5270:Rahiolisaurus
5267:
5265:
5264:
5263:Majungasaurus
5260:
5258:
5257:
5253:
5251:
5250:
5246:
5243:
5242:
5238:
5236:
5235:
5231:
5230:
5228:
5226:
5222:
5216:
5215:
5211:
5209:
5208:
5204:
5202:
5201:
5200:Tarascosaurus
5197:
5195:
5194:
5190:
5188:
5187:
5183:
5181:
5180:
5176:
5174:
5173:
5169:
5167:
5166:
5162:
5160:
5159:
5158:Eoabelisaurus
5155:
5152:
5151:
5147:
5145:
5144:
5143:Chenanisaurus
5140:
5139:
5136:
5133:
5130:
5129:Abelisauridae
5125:
5111:
5110:
5106:
5104:
5103:
5099:
5097:
5096:
5092:
5090:
5089:
5088:Masiakasaurus
5085:
5083:
5082:
5078:
5077:
5075:
5073:
5069:
5063:
5062:
5058:
5056:
5055:
5054:Huinculsaurus
5051:
5049:
5048:
5047:Elaphrosaurus
5044:
5043:
5041:
5039:
5035:
5029:
5028:
5024:
5022:
5021:
5017:
5015:
5014:
5010:
5007:
5006:
5002:
4999:
4998:
4994:
4991:
4990:
4986:
4983:
4982:
4978:
4976:
4975:
4971:
4968:
4967:
4966:Austrocheirus
4963:
4960:
4959:
4955:
4954:
4951:
4948:
4946:
4942:
4935:
4934:
4930:
4927:
4926:
4922:
4919:
4918:
4914:
4911:
4910:
4906:
4905:
4902:
4898:
4895:
4892:
4887:
4877:
4876:
4872:
4870:
4869:
4865:
4864:
4862:
4860:
4856:
4850:
4849:
4845:
4842:
4841:
4837:
4835:
4834:
4830:
4827:
4826:
4822:
4820:
4819:
4818:Berberosaurus
4815:
4814:
4811:
4807:
4804:
4801:
4796:
4789:
4788:
4784:
4782:
4781:
4777:
4776:
4773:
4770:
4767:
4762:
4758:
4754:
4749:
4745:
4736:
4730:
4707:
4706:
4705:Halticosaurus
4702:
4700:
4699:
4698:Teinurosaurus
4695:
4694:
4692:
4688:
4679:
4678:
4677:
4676:
4674:
4672:
4668:
4658:
4657:
4653:
4650:
4649:
4645:
4643:
4642:
4638:
4635:
4634:
4630:
4627:
4626:
4625:Megapnosaurus
4622:
4620:
4619:
4615:
4613:
4612:
4608:
4606:
4605:
4601:
4600:
4598:
4596:
4595:Coelophysidae
4592:
4586:
4585:
4584:Powellvenator
4581:
4579:
4578:
4574:
4572:
4571:
4567:
4565:
4564:
4560:
4557:
4556:
4552:
4551:
4548:
4545:
4543:
4539:
4533:
4532:
4528:
4525:
4524:
4520:
4518:
4517:
4513:
4511:
4510:
4506:
4504:
4503:
4499:
4497:
4496:
4492:
4490:
4489:
4485:
4483:
4482:
4478:
4476:
4475:
4474:Liliensternus
4471:
4469:
4468:
4464:
4462:
4461:
4457:
4455:
4454:
4450:
4447:
4446:
4445:Dolichosuchus
4442:
4440:
4439:
4438:Dilophosaurus
4435:
4434:
4431:
4428:
4425:
4420:
4413:
4412:
4411:Herrerasauria
4408:
4405:
4404:
4400:
4397:
4396:
4392:
4389:
4388:
4384:
4382:
4381:
4377:
4374:
4373:
4369:
4366:
4365:
4364:Daemonosaurus
4361:
4358:
4357:
4353:
4352:
4349:
4346:
4343:
4338:
4334:
4330:
4325:
4321:
4300:
4299:
4298:
4297:
4295:
4293:
4289:
4281:
4277:
4276:
4275:
4274:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4262:
4258:
4250:
4246:
4243:
4241:
4237:
4234:
4232:
4228:
4226:
4222:
4220:
4216:
4215:
4210:
4206:
4202:
4195:
4190:
4188:
4183:
4181:
4176:
4175:
4172:
4160:
4154:
4150:
4145:
4140:
4136:
4132:
4128:
4124:
4120:
4115:
4111:
4109:
4105:
4101:
4097:
4093:
4089:
4085:
4081:
4077:
4073:
4069:
4065:
4060:
4056:
4052:
4048:
4044:
4040:
4036:
4032:
4028:
4024:
4020:
4015:
4011:
4007:
4006:Palaeontology
4003:
3998:
3995:
3991:
3987:
3983:
3979:
3975:
3971:
3965:
3962:
3958:
3956:
3954:
3950:
3945:
3940:
3936:
3932:
3928:
3924:
3923:Palaeontology
3920:
3915:
3914:
3895:
3891:
3887:
3883:
3879:
3875:
3874:
3869:
3862:
3854:
3850:
3843:
3842:
3834:
3826:
3818:
3811:(2): 235−259.
3810:
3806:
3799:
3792:
3783:
3778:
3774:
3770:
3763:
3754:
3745:
3737:
3733:
3729:
3725:
3721:
3717:
3713:
3709:
3705:
3698:
3690:
3686:
3681:
3676:
3671:
3666:
3662:
3658:
3654:
3647:
3639:
3632:
3626:
3622:
3619:
3613:
3611:
3602:
3598:
3594:
3590:
3586:
3582:
3575:
3567:
3563:
3559:
3555:
3551:
3547:
3543:
3539:
3535:
3531:
3524:
3516:
3512:
3508:
3504:
3500:
3496:
3492:
3488:
3484:
3480:
3472:
3464:
3460:
3456:
3452:
3448:
3444:
3437:
3431:
3426:
3418:
3414:
3410:
3406:
3402:
3394:
3386:
3382:
3378:
3374:
3370:
3366:
3362:
3358:
3355:(7526): 1–4.
3354:
3350:
3346:
3339:
3337:
3328:
3324:
3320:
3313:
3305:
3301:
3297:
3293:
3289:
3285:
3278:
3270:
3266:
3262:
3258:
3254:
3253:Pelecanimimus
3247:
3239:
3235:
3231:
3227:
3223:
3222:
3213:
3207:
3200:
3194:
3191:
3185:
3183:
3178:
3169:
3166:
3165:
3159:
3150:
3148:
3144:
3140:
3136:
3132:
3127:
3123:
3119:
3115:
3110:
3106:
3105:
3100:
3099:
3094:
3090:
3086:
3079:
3074:
3065:
3063:
3059:
3058:
3053:
3052:
3047:
3046:scleral rings
3042:
3039:
3035:
3028:Palaeobiology
3020:
3019:
3011:
3010:
3002:
3001:
2993:
2992:
2984:
2983:
2975:
2974:
2966:
2965:
2957:
2956:
2948:
2947:
2939:
2938:
2930:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2920:
2919:
2912:
2911:
2908:
2907:
2904:
2903:
2902:
2895:
2894:
2888:
2887:
2884:
2883:
2880:
2878:
2874:
2873:
2866:
2865:
2859:
2858:
2855:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2845:
2844:
2843:Struthiomimus
2837:
2836:
2830:
2829:
2826:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2816:
2815:
2808:
2807:
2801:
2800:
2797:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2787:
2786:
2779:
2778:
2772:
2771:
2768:
2767:
2764:
2759:
2758:
2752:
2751:
2748:
2747:
2744:
2742:
2738:
2737:
2730:
2729:
2723:
2720:
2719:
2716:
2715:
2707:
2706:
2698:
2697:
2694:
2693:
2692:
2685:
2684:
2681:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2671:
2670:
2663:
2662:
2659:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2649:
2648:
2641:
2640:
2634:
2633:
2630:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2620:
2619:
2612:
2611:
2605:
2602:
2601:
2595:
2594:
2591:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2581:
2580:
2573:
2572:
2569:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2559:
2558:
2557:Pelecanimimus
2551:
2550:
2547:
2546:
2543:
2542:
2541:
2534:
2533:
2527:
2526:
2523:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2513:
2512:
2505:
2504:
2497:
2496:
2492:
2490:
2480:
2479:
2471:
2470:
2462:
2461:
2453:
2452:
2444:
2443:
2435:
2434:
2426:
2425:
2417:
2416:
2408:
2407:
2399:
2398:
2395:
2394:
2393:
2386:
2385:
2382:
2381:
2378:
2377:
2376:
2369:
2368:
2362:
2361:
2358:
2357:
2354:
2353:
2352:
2351:Struthiomimus
2345:
2344:
2338:
2337:
2334:
2333:
2325:
2324:
2316:
2315:
2312:
2311:
2310:
2303:
2302:
2299:
2298:
2295:
2294:
2293:
2286:
2285:
2279:
2278:
2275:
2274:
2271:
2270:
2269:
2262:
2261:
2255:
2254:
2248:
2247:
2244:
2243:
2235:
2234:
2226:
2225:
2222:
2221:
2220:
2213:
2212:
2209:
2208:
2205:
2204:
2203:
2196:
2195:
2189:
2188:
2185:
2184:
2181:
2176:
2175:
2169:
2168:
2162:
2161:
2158:
2157:
2149:
2148:
2145:
2144:
2143:
2136:
2135:
2132:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2125:
2118:
2117:
2111:
2110:
2104:
2103:
2100:
2099:
2096:
2095:
2094:
2087:
2086:
2080:
2079:
2076:
2075:
2067:
2066:
2058:
2057:
2049:
2048:
2040:
2039:
2031:
2030:
2027:
2026:
2025:
2018:
2017:
2014:
2013:
2010:
2009:
2008:
2001:
2000:
1994:
1993:
1990:
1989:
1986:
1985:GIN 960910KD
1981:
1980:
1974:
1973:
1970:
1969:
1966:
1965:
1964:
1957:
1956:
1950:
1949:
1946:
1945:
1942:
1941:
1940:
1933:
1932:
1926:
1925:Garudimimidae
1923:
1922:
1916:
1915:
1912:
1911:
1903:
1902:
1894:
1893:
1885:
1884:
1881:
1880:
1879:
1872:
1871:
1868:
1867:
1864:
1863:
1862:
1855:
1854:
1848:
1847:
1844:
1843:
1840:
1839:
1838:
1831:
1830:
1824:
1821:
1820:
1814:
1813:
1810:
1809:
1801:
1800:
1797:
1796:
1795:
1788:
1787:
1784:
1783:
1780:
1779:Angeac taxon
1775:
1774:
1768:
1767:
1761:
1760:
1757:
1756:
1753:
1752:
1751:
1744:
1743:
1737:
1736:
1733:
1732:
1724:
1723:
1720:
1719:
1718:
1711:
1710:
1707:
1706:
1703:
1702:
1701:
1694:
1693:
1687:
1686:
1680:
1677:
1676:
1672:
1663:
1662:
1654:
1653:
1645:
1644:
1636:
1635:
1627:
1626:
1618:
1617:
1609:
1608:
1600:
1599:
1591:
1590:
1582:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1572:
1566:
1565:
1562:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1552:
1546:
1545:
1539:
1538:
1535:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1525:
1519:
1518:
1512:
1511:
1508:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1498:
1492:
1491:
1485:
1482:
1481:
1478:
1477:
1469:
1468:
1460:
1459:
1451:
1450:
1442:
1441:
1433:
1432:
1424:
1423:
1415:
1414:
1406:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1396:
1395:
1394:Struthiomimus
1388:
1387:
1384:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1374:
1373:
1366:
1365:
1359:
1358:
1355:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1345:
1344:
1337:
1336:
1330:
1329:
1326:
1325:
1322:
1321:
1320:
1313:
1312:
1306:
1303:
1302:
1299:
1298:
1290:
1289:
1281:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1271:
1270:
1263:
1262:
1259:
1258:
1255:
1253:
1249:
1248:
1241:
1240:
1234:
1233:
1230:
1229:
1226:
1225:
1224:
1217:
1216:
1210:
1207:
1206:
1200:
1199:
1196:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1186:
1185:
1178:
1177:
1171:
1170:
1167:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1157:
1156:
1149:
1148:
1142:
1141:
1138:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1128:
1127:
1126:Pelecanimimus
1120:
1119:
1113:
1112:
1109:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1099:
1098:
1091:
1090:
1084:
1081:
1080:
1074:
1071:
1070:
1067:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1057:
1051:
1050:
1044:
1043:
1040:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1030:
1029:
1028:Ornitholestes
1022:
1021:
1015:
1014:
1011:
1010:
1007:
1005:
1001:
995:
994:
991:
990:
987:
986:
985:
978:
977:
971:
968:
967:
964:
963:
960:
958:
954:
953:
952:Tanycolagreus
946:
945:
939:
938:
935:
934:
931:
929:
925:
924:
917:
916:
910:
909:Coelurosauria
907:
906:
902:
898:
896:
892:
888:
884:
880:
879:maniraptorans
876:
875:
870:
869:
864:
860:
853:
852:
846:
837:
835:
834:
829:
828:
823:
820:
815:
813:
808:
804:
803:
798:
794:
790:
786:
782:
778:
773:
771:
767:
763:
759:
758:Coelurosauria
755:
751:
747:
737:
735:
731:
727:
723:
719:
715:
711:
710:
709:Pelecanimimus
705:
704:
699:
698:
687:
685:
681:
677:
676:
671:
670:
669:Pelecanimimus
659:
658:
653:
652:
647:
638:
627:
613:
611:
607:
603:
602:
597:
596:
595:Struthiomimus
591:
590:
585:
581:
580:
575:
574:
569:
568:
563:
562:
561:Pelecanimimus
557:
556:
551:
547:
543:
542:North America
539:
535:
531:
527:
524:
520:
516:
513:
509:
505:
493:
488:
482:
481:
479:
476:
472:
463:
462:
455:
453:
452:
445:
443:
442:
441:Kinnareemimus
435:
433:
432:
425:
423:
422:
415:
414:
412:
408:
404:
398:
396:
395:
388:
386:
385:
384:Pelecanimimus
378:
376:
375:
368:
367:
364:
359:
353:
350:
349:
342:
339:
338:
337:Thecocoelurus
331:
329:
328:
321:
319:
318:
311:
308:
307:
300:
299:
297:
292:
287:
282:
276:
273:
270:
269:
266:
263:
260:
257:
256:
253:
250:
247:
244:
243:
240:
237:
234:
231:
230:
227:
224:
221:
218:
217:
214:
211:
208:
207:
204:
201:
198:
197:
194:
191:
188:
187:
182:
177:
173:
170:
168:
162:
161:
160:Struthiomimus
156:
155:
150:
149:
144:
143:
138:
137:
132:
131:
125:
121:
116:
109:
104:
99:
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
69:
64:
59:
54:
48:
41:
33:
30:
19:
8404:
8368:
8297:
8290:
8283:
8276:
8269:
8264:Ornithomimus
8262:
8255:
8248:
8241:
8234:
8227:
8220:
8202:Tyrannomimus
8200:
8192:
8184:
8177:
8172:Deinocheirus
8170:
8163:
8143:
8136:
8129:
8105:
8097:
8092:Nqwebasaurus
8090:
8085:Nedcolbertia
8083:
8076:
8069:
8063:Calamosaurus
8061:
8055:Aviatyrannis
8053:
8046:
8034:
8021:
7991:
7984:
7977:
7969:
7962:
7955:
7948:
7940:
7935:Aristosuchus
7933:
7927:Aniksosaurus
7925:
7907:Aniksosaurus
7905:
7875:
7868:
7860:
7806:
7771:
7764:
7757:
7750:
7676:
7669:
7662:
7642:
7635:
7627:
7622:Dynamoterror
7620:
7612:
7592:
7585:
7565:
7558:
7538:
7533:Asiatyrannus
7531:
7507:
7500:
7471:Dryptosaurus
7469:
7461:
7454:
7423:
7416:
7409:
7401:
7394:
7387:
7380:
7373:
7366:
7361:Jinbeisaurus
7359:
7352:
7345:
7337:
7332:Aviatyrannis
7330:
7323:
7289:
7284:Sinotyrannus
7282:
7275:
7268:
7261:
7240:
7233:
7211:
7204:
7163:
7156:
7149:
7141:
7134:
7126:
7118:
7113:Bicentenaria
7111:
7103:
7098:Asiamericana
7096:
7089:
7030:
6971:
6964:
6957:
6950:
6943:
6936:
6929:
6908:
6900:
6893:
6886:
6879:
6873:Deltadromeus
6871:
6863:
6856:
6805:Tyrannotitan
6803:
6796:
6789:
6782:
6762:
6738:
6733:Taurovenator
6731:
6724:
6717:
6712:Lajasvenator
6710:
6703:
6696:
6691:Concavenator
6689:
6681:
6674:
6649:
6641:
6634:
6626:
6618:
6598:
6591:
6583:
6576:
6569:
6562:
6537:
6529:
6521:
6514:
6507:Allosauridae
6475:
6468:
6463:Shidaisaurus
6461:
6454:
6447:
6427:
6419:
6394:
6386:
6379:
6372:
6341:
6333:
6325:
6318:
6291:
6283:
6271:Avetheropoda
6258:Avetheropoda
6229:
6188:Avetheropoda
6155:
6148:
6141:Spinosaurini
6128:
6121:
6114:
6107:
6099:
6071:
6064:
6057:
6036:
6028:
6021:
6016:Protathlitis
6014:
6007:
5982:
5975:
5968:
5960:
5925:
5918:
5911:
5906:Leshansaurus
5904:
5897:
5890:
5870:
5863:
5858:Megalosaurus
5856:
5851:Duriavenator
5849:
5829:
5804:
5788:Megalosauria
5769:
5762:
5757:Marshosaurus
5755:
5750:Condorraptor
5748:
5728:
5687:
5680:
5672:
5665:
5658:
5651:
5644:
5637:
5631:Cruxicheiros
5629:
5622:
5614:
5606:
5598:
5463:
5458:Quilmesaurus
5456:
5449:
5442:
5434:
5427:
5420:
5413:
5406:
5386:
5379:
5371:
5364:
5357:
5350:
5343:
5336:
5329:
5321:
5310:Brachyrostra
5296:
5276:
5268:
5261:
5254:
5247:
5239:
5232:
5212:
5207:Tralkasaurus
5205:
5198:
5191:
5184:
5177:
5170:
5163:
5156:
5148:
5141:
5109:Vespersaurus
5107:
5102:Velocisaurus
5100:
5093:
5086:
5079:
5059:
5052:
5045:
5025:
5018:
5011:
5003:
4997:Deltadromeus
4995:
4987:
4981:Compsosuchus
4979:
4972:
4964:
4956:
4931:
4923:
4917:Lametasaurus
4915:
4907:
4873:
4868:Ceratosaurus
4866:
4846:
4838:
4831:
4823:
4816:
4800:Ceratosauria
4785:
4778:
4703:
4696:
4654:
4646:
4639:
4631:
4623:
4616:
4609:
4602:
4582:
4577:Podokesaurus
4575:
4568:
4561:
4553:
4529:
4521:
4514:
4507:
4500:
4493:
4486:
4479:
4472:
4465:
4460:Gojirasaurus
4458:
4453:Dracovenator
4451:
4443:
4436:
4424:Neotheropoda
4409:
4401:
4393:
4387:Guaibasaurus
4385:
4378:
4370:
4362:
4356:Chindesaurus
4354:
4244:
4235:
4126:
4122:
4067:
4063:
4022:
4018:
4009:
4005:
4001:
3973:
3969:
3960:
3952:
3926:
3922:
3899:27 September
3897:. Retrieved
3877:
3871:
3861:
3840:
3833:
3824:
3817:
3808:
3804:
3791:
3775:(2): 23−78.
3772:
3768:
3762:
3753:
3744:
3711:
3707:
3703:
3697:
3660:
3656:
3646:
3637:
3631:
3584:
3580:
3574:
3533:
3529:
3523:
3482:
3478:
3471:
3446:
3442:
3436:
3425:
3400:
3393:
3352:
3348:
3344:
3318:
3312:
3287:
3283:
3277:
3260:
3256:
3252:
3246:
3219:
3212:
3199:
3189:
3156:
3125:
3117:
3102:
3096:
3082:
3077:
3057:Ornithomimus
3055:
3049:
3043:
3031:
2918:Ornithomimus
2916:
2915:
2899:
2898:
2870:
2869:
2841:
2840:
2812:
2811:
2783:
2782:
2762:
2734:
2733:
2689:
2688:
2667:
2666:
2647:Deinocheirus
2645:
2644:
2616:
2615:
2577:
2576:
2555:
2554:
2538:
2537:
2511:Nqwebasaurus
2509:
2508:
2488:
2486:
2390:
2389:
2373:
2372:
2349:
2348:
2307:
2306:
2290:
2289:
2266:
2265:
2217:
2216:
2200:
2199:
2180:MNAP 11762A
2179:
2140:
2139:
2122:
2121:
2091:
2090:
2022:
2021:
2005:
2004:
1984:
1962:
1961:
1960:
1937:
1936:
1878:Ornithomimus
1876:
1875:
1859:
1858:
1835:
1834:
1794:Nedcolbertia
1792:
1791:
1778:
1748:
1747:
1717:Deinocheirus
1715:
1714:
1698:
1697:
1678:
1669:
1569:
1549:
1522:
1495:
1392:
1391:
1372:Ornithomimus
1370:
1369:
1341:
1340:
1317:
1316:
1269:Deinocheirus
1267:
1266:
1245:
1244:
1221:
1220:
1182:
1181:
1153:
1152:
1124:
1123:
1097:Nqwebasaurus
1095:
1094:
1082:
1054:
1026:
1025:
998:
982:
981:
950:
949:
921:
920:
899:
883:Ornithomimus
882:
872:
866:
859:Ornithomimus
858:
856:
849:
831:
825:
816:
812:Ornithomimus
811:
807:Ornithomimus
806:
802:Ornithomimus
800:
793:Troodontidae
780:
774:
743:
734:Ornithomimus
733:
722:Pennaraptora
707:
703:Deinocheirus
701:
695:
693:
684:coelurosaurs
673:
667:
665:
655:
649:
601:Ornithomimus
599:
593:
587:
579:Deinocheirus
577:
571:
565:
559:
555:Nqwebasaurus
553:
503:
502:
459:
449:
439:
429:
419:
402:
392:
382:
372:
362:
357:
346:
335:
327:Nqwebasaurus
325:
317:Nedcolbertia
315:
306:Haplocheirus
304:
280:
271:
258:
245:
232:
219:
164:
158:
152:
148:Deinocheirus
146:
142:Ornithomimus
140:
134:
128:
45:140–66
29:
8429:Wikispecies
8329:Maniraptora
8318:Maniraptora
8299:Tototlmimus
8229:Anserimimus
8179:Garudimimus
8165:Beishanlong
8107:Valdoraptor
8048:Arkansaurus
7993:Xunmenglong
7870:Juravenator
7664:Tarbosaurus
7540:Nanuqsaurus
7509:Gorgosaurus
7425:Megaraptora
7411:Timurlengia
7143:Sciurumimus
7091:Aratasaurus
6959:Murusraptor
6881:Fukuiraptor
6844:Megaraptora
6726:Shaochilong
6698:Eocarcharia
6651:Megaraptora
6571:Lusovenator
6449:Alpkarakush
6306:Carnosauria
6157:Spinosaurus
6130:Siamosaurus
6030:Suchosaurus
5977:Iberospinus
5913:Magnosaurus
5892:Afrovenator
5865:Torvosaurus
5616:Chilesaurus
5429:Carnotaurus
5422:Caletodraco
5408:Abelisaurus
5234:Arcovenator
5081:Laevisuchus
5072:Noasaurinae
4974:Berthasaura
4945:Noasauridae
4875:Genyodectes
4840:Lukousaurus
4833:Jubbulpuria
4633:Panguraptor
4611:Coelophysis
4604:Camposaurus
4563:Panguraptor
4555:Dracoraptor
4531:Zupaysaurus
4516:Tachiraptor
4495:Sarcosaurus
4395:Nhandumirim
3587:: 108–117.
3449:: 108–117.
3284:Ameghiniana
3091:in 1993 by
3051:Garudimimus
3034:gastroliths
2901:Anserimimus
2669:Garudimimus
2540:Beishanlong
2268:Anserimimus
2142:Tototlmimus
2024:Garudimimus
2007:Beishanlong
1939:Arkansaurus
1484:Maniraptora
1319:Anserimimus
1247:Garudimimus
1223:Beishanlong
822:Paul Sereno
651:Garudimimus
616:Description
606:Paul Sereno
421:Arkansaurus
348:Valdoraptor
136:Anserimimus
8488:Categories
8257:Gallimimus
8186:Harpymimus
8131:Harpymimus
7752:Iliosuchus
7722:see below↓
7551:Alioramini
7368:Juratyrant
7354:Eotyrannus
7339:Bagaraatan
7291:Yutyrannus
7225:Coeluridae
7151:Vayuraptor
6997:see below↓
6973:Tratayenia
6966:Orkoraptor
6952:Megaraptor
6858:Aoniraptor
6791:Mapusaurus
6719:Sauroniops
6683:Altispinax
6636:Neovenator
6578:Siamraptor
6564:Datanglong
6531:Epanterias
6523:Antrodemus
6516:Allosaurus
6497:Allosauria
6320:Altispinax
6285:Gasosaurus
6197:see below↓
6073:Suchomimus
5674:Sinosaurus
5509:see below↓
5465:Viavenator
5415:Aucasaurus
5352:Ilokelesia
5323:Dahalokely
5278:Rajasaurus
5256:Indosaurus
5249:Genusaurus
5241:Dahalokely
5165:Indosuchus
5061:Limusaurus
5020:Ligabueino
5013:Kiyacursor
5005:Genusaurus
4989:Dahalokely
4909:Betasuchus
4780:Dornraptor
4680:see below↓
4656:Segisaurus
4509:Sinosaurus
4372:Eodromaeus
4301:see below↓
4249:Dinosauria
4231:Sauropsida
4159:supplement
4012:: 643–677.
3853:2115/74432
3174:References
3062:cathemeral
2814:Gallimimus
2618:Harpymimus
2392:Gallimimus
2124:Gallimimus
2093:Harpymimus
1343:Gallimimus
1184:Harpymimus
766:infraorder
746:O.C. Marsh
718:pennaceous
675:Harpymimus
657:Gallimimus
654:(top) and
589:Gallimimus
586:, include
523:Cretaceous
374:Harpymimus
294:Subgroups
239:Saurischia
226:Dinosauria
154:Harpymimus
130:Gallimimus
40:Cretaceous
8478:Dinosaurs
8333:includes
8278:Rativates
8271:Qiupalong
7971:Scipionyx
7964:Mirischia
7637:Lythronax
7629:Labocania
7560:Alioramus
7213:Labocania
6931:Aerosteon
6477:Sinraptor
6381:Erectopus
6116:Irritator
5701:Orionides
5586:Tetanurae
5573:Tetanurae
5500:Tetanurae
5436:Elemgasem
5359:Llukalkan
5338:Elemgasem
5095:Noasaurus
4958:Afromimus
4766:Averostra
4753:Averostra
4671:Averostra
4523:Velocipes
4342:Theropoda
4329:Theropoda
4292:Theropoda
4217:Kingdom:
4201:Theropoda
3894:1932-8486
3736:218968100
3663:: e7247.
3304:134718338
3122:cursorial
2872:Qiupalong
2292:Qiupalong
2202:Rativates
840:Phylogeny
770:cladistic
744:Named by
714:pygostyle
515:dinosaurs
252:Theropoda
199:Kingdom:
193:Eukaryota
8420:Q1225733
8414:Wikidata
7862:Coelurus
7270:Kileskus
7263:Guanlong
7235:Coelurus
7128:Gualicho
6628:Gualicho
6009:Baryonyx
5345:Guemesia
5172:Kryptops
4933:Ozraptor
4570:Pendraig
4225:Chordata
4223:Phylum:
4219:Animalia
4153:17823350
4100:33253407
4092:21493820
4047:11528466
3782:2246/355
3689:31333906
3621:Archived
3558:24990749
3507:25337880
3377:25337880
3162:See also
3139:together
3114:ontogeny
3085:bonebeds
830:than to
690:Feathers
660:(bottom)
530:Laurasia
512:theropod
475:Synonyms
286:Barsbold
213:Chordata
209:Phylum:
203:Animalia
189:Domain:
7403:Timimus
7165:Zuolong
6895:Rapator
6798:Meraxes
6123:Oxalaia
5444:Koleken
4467:Lepidus
4229:Class:
4131:Bibcode
4123:Science
4072:Bibcode
4064:Science
4055:4313779
4027:Bibcode
3978:Bibcode
3931:Bibcode
3716:Bibcode
3680:6626525
3589:Bibcode
3566:4464659
3538:Bibcode
3515:2986017
3487:Bibcode
3451:Bibcode
3405:Bibcode
3385:2986017
3357:Bibcode
3323:Bibcode
3226:Bibcode
3147:nesting
2375:Timimus
1571:Paraves
923:Zuolong
730:plumage
726:ostrich
519:ostrich
361:Cuesta
8464:Portal
8071:Hexing
7759:Kakuru
7347:Dilong
5388:Thanos
5366:Niebla
5186:Rugops
5179:Kurupi
4151:
4098:
4090:
4053:
4045:
4019:Nature
3892:
3734:
3687:
3677:
3564:
3556:
3530:Nature
3513:
3505:
3479:Nature
3383:
3375:
3349:Nature
3302:
1700:Hexing
728:-like
598:, and
573:Hexing
538:Europe
526:Period
494:, 1994
431:Hexing
365:, 2021
363:et al.
288:, 1976
8449:55491
8335:birds
7375:Moros
6902:Siats
6643:Siats
6585:Siats
4245:Clade
4236:Clade
4096:S2CID
4051:S2CID
3845:(PDF)
3801:(PDF)
3732:S2CID
3657:PeerJ
3562:S2CID
3511:S2CID
3381:S2CID
3300:S2CID
3135:herds
2489:et al
871:>
785:clade
532:(now
492:Holtz
407:Marsh
272:Clade
259:Clade
246:Clade
233:Clade
220:Clade
8327:see
6945:Maip
4403:Tawa
4278:see
4149:PMID
4088:PMID
4043:PMID
3901:2024
3890:ISSN
3685:PMID
3554:PMID
3503:PMID
3373:PMID
3054:and
893:and
817:The
706:and
680:beak
672:and
576:and
540:and
534:Asia
508:bird
411:1890
163:and
53:PreꞒ
4139:doi
4127:317
4080:doi
4068:332
4035:doi
4023:412
3986:doi
3939:doi
3882:doi
3878:306
3849:hdl
3777:hdl
3724:doi
3712:101
3675:PMC
3665:doi
3597:doi
3546:doi
3534:511
3495:doi
3483:515
3459:doi
3413:doi
3365:doi
3353:515
3347:".
3292:doi
3265:doi
3261:194
3234:doi
3116:of
648:of
528:of
8490::
8446::
8431::
8416::
4247::
4238::
4147:.
4137:.
4125:.
4121:.
4094:.
4086:.
4078:.
4066:.
4049:.
4041:.
4033:.
4021:.
4010:28
4008:.
3984:.
3974:32
3972:.
3937:.
3927:48
3925:.
3921:.
3888:.
3876:.
3870:.
3809:48
3807:.
3803:.
3773:67
3771:.
3730:.
3722:.
3710:.
3683:.
3673:.
3659:.
3655:.
3609:^
3595:.
3585:58
3583:.
3560:.
3552:.
3544:.
3532:.
3509:.
3501:.
3493:.
3481:.
3457:.
3447:58
3445:.
3411:.
3379:.
3371:.
3363:.
3351:.
3335:^
3298:.
3288:54
3286:.
3259:.
3232:.
3181:^
3145:,
897:.
795:,
736:.
592:,
570:,
564:,
558:,
536:,
506:("
409:,
274::
261::
248::
235::
222::
157:,
151:,
145:,
139:,
133:,
103:Pg
47:Ma
42:,
8466::
8197:?
8189:?
8102:?
8066:?
8058:?
8026:?
7974:?
7945:?
7930:?
7865:?
7632:?
7617:?
7466:?
7428:?
7406:?
7342:?
7245:?
7227:?
7216:?
7146:?
7131:?
7123:?
7108:?
6912:?
6904:?
6876:?
6868:?
6846:?
6686:?
6654:?
6646:?
6631:?
6623:?
6588:?
6542:?
6534:?
6526:?
6424:?
6399:?
6391:?
6346:?
6338:?
6330:?
6296:?
6288:?
6104:?
6041:?
6033:?
5987:?
5965:?
5930:?
5809:?
5774:?
5677:?
5634:?
5619:?
5611:?
5603:?
5439:?
5376:?
5326:?
5301:?
5273:?
5244:?
5153:?
5008:?
5000:?
4992:?
4984:?
4969:?
4961:?
4936:?
4928:?
4920:?
4912:?
4843:?
4828:?
4790:?
4651:?
4636:?
4628:?
4558:?
4526:?
4448:?
4414:?
4406:?
4398:?
4390:?
4375:?
4367:?
4359:?
4193:e
4186:t
4179:v
4161:)
4157:(
4155:.
4141::
4133::
4102:.
4082::
4074::
4057:.
4037::
4029::
3992:.
3988::
3980::
3947:.
3941::
3933::
3884::
3855:.
3851::
3785:.
3779::
3738:.
3726::
3718::
3691:.
3667::
3661:7
3603:.
3599::
3591::
3568:.
3548::
3540::
3517:.
3497::
3489::
3465:.
3461::
3453::
3419:.
3415::
3407::
3387:.
3367::
3359::
3329:.
3325::
3306:.
3294::
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169:"
165:"
108:N
98:K
93:J
88:T
83:P
78:C
73:D
68:S
63:O
58:Ꞓ
20:)
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