464:, as Orosius reported it in a rhetorical history that was explicitly written "against pagans" (it was completed in 417/18) has been doubted. Antonio Marchetta concludes that the words are indeed Athaulf's and distinguishes them from their interpretation by Orosius, who was preparing his readers for a conclusion that Christian times were felicitous and who attributed Athaulf's apparent change of heart to the power of his love for Galla Placidia, the instrument of divine intervention in God's plan for an eternal Roman Empire. Marchetta finds the marriage instead an act of hard-headed politics.
375:"At first I wanted to erase the Roman name and convert all Roman territory into a Gothic empire: I longed for Romania to become Gothia, and Athaulf to be what Caesar Augustus had been. But long experience has taught me that the ungoverned wildness of the Goths will never submit to laws, and that without law a state is not a state. Therefore I have more prudently chosen the different glory of reviving the Roman name with Gothic vigour, and I hope to be acknowledged by posterity as the initiator of a Roman restoration, since it is impossible for me to alter the character of this Empire"
918:
36:
270:, and who had remained with the Visigoths after he'd been deposed—Athaulf led his followers out of Italy. Moving north into a momentarily pacified Gaul, the Visigoths lived off the countryside in the usual way. Athaulf may have received some additional encouragement in the form of payments in gold from the Emperor Honorius—since Athaulf carried with him as a respected hostage the emperor's half-sister
152:
324:
in Africa. Heraclianus stopped the grain shipments from Africa, which prevented the emperor from delivering on his promise to provide the
Visigoths in Gaul. Athaulf, in turn, refused to release Galla Placidia and his army resumed their hostilities against the Romans, taking the cities of Narbonne,
414:
In
Hispania, Athaulf imprudently accepted into his service one of the late Sarus' followers, unaware that the man harbored a secret desire to avenge the death of his beloved patron. And so, in the palace at
429:. Under the latter's reign, Galla Placidia was returned to Ravenna where, in 417, at the urging of Honorius, she remarried, her new husband being the implacable enemy of the Goths, Constantius.
406:
Galla
Placidia traveled with Athaulf. Their son, Theodosius, died in infancy and was buried in Hispania in a silver-plated coffin, thus eliminating an opportunity for a Romano-Visigothic line.
285:
and some of his men. Athaulf attacked, captured, and later executed Sarus, continuing the feud between their families that had begun with Sarus and Alaric. Jovinus then named his brother
702:
348:(Forum Livii). The nuptials were celebrated with high Roman festivities and magnificent gifts from the Gothic booty. Priscus Attalus gave the wedding speech, a classical
248:
590:(Rome: Istituto Isorico per il Medio Evo) 1987. The first chapter deals with the doubts raised by previous historians as to the authenticity of the discourse.
297:
was captured, and
Jovinus fled for his life. Athaulf then turned Sebastianus over for execution to Honorius' Gallic praetorian prefect (provincial governor),
255:. There Constantine and his son were offered an honorable capitulation— but were beheaded in September on their way to pay homage to Honorius at
367:, his relationship with Roman culture was summed up, from a Catholic Roman perspective, by the words that the contemporary Christian apologist
325:
Tolosa and BurdĂgala (present-day
Bordeaux). In an attempt to conquer the city of Marseille, Ataulf was injured in a Roman attack led by
621:
709:
977:
230:
570:"Review of: Silver and Society in Late Antiquity. Functions and Meanings of Silver Plate in the Fourth to the Seventh Centuries"
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Under
Athaulf's rule, the Visigoths couldn't be said to be masters of a settled kingdom until Athaulf took possession of
425:, the brother of Sarus, immediately became king—for a mere seven days, when he was also murdered and succeeded by
289:(Sebastian) as Augustus (co-emperor). This offended Athaulf, who hadn't been consulted. So he allied his Visigoths with
332:
Nevertheless the relations between
Athaulf and Honorius improved sufficiently for Athaulf to cement them by marrying
395:
in 414. But
Constantius' naval blockade was successful and, in 415, Athaulf withdrew with his people into northern
320:. Despite coming to terms with Honorius, their relationship soon deteriorated due to a new conflict caused by the
44:
947:
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De
Imperatoribus Romanis: Hugh Elton, "Western Roman Emperors of the First Quarter of the Fifth Century"
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218:. King Athaulf's first act was to halt Alaric's southward expansion of the Goths in Italy.
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in late August, to be sent forward for displaying among other usurpers on the walls of
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399:. Attalus fled, fell into the hands of Constantius, and was banished to the island of
302:
506:"within that period he developed from a tribal chief to a late antique statesman."
239:
419:, the man brought Athaulf's reign to a sudden end by killing him while he bathed.
383:), poisoned official relations with Athaulf and gained permission to blockade the
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The Goths: from the
Earliest Times to the End of the Gothic Dominion in Spain
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Once in Gaul, Athaulf opened negotiations with a new usurper, the Gallic
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In the spring of 412 Constantius pressed Athaulf. Taking the advice of
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He was unanimously elected to the throne to succeed his brother-in-law
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The heads of Sebastianus and Jovinus arrived at Honorius' court in
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497:(New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons, Second edition, 1883), chapter 11.
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Honorius's general Constantius (who would later become Emperor
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Orosio e Athaulfo nell'ideologia dei rapporti romano-barbarici
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391:. In reply, Athaulf acclaimed Priscus Attalus as Augustus in
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281:. But while on his way to meet Jovinus, Athaulf came across
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Septimane Wisigothique: "D'oĂą venaient les Wisigoths?"
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from 411 to 415. During his reign, he transformed the
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History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire,
198:
from a tribal kingdom to a major political power of
214:, who had been struck down by a fever suddenly in
929:
432:The main sources for the career of Athaulf are
251:, crushed the Gallic rebellion with a siege of
555:(vii.43.4-6), translated in Stephen Williams,
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460:The authenticity of Athaulf's declaration at
243:(master of military) of the western emperor,
371:put into his mouth, Athaulf's Declaration:
293:. Jovinus' troops were defeated in battle,
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484:(Ontario: Broadview Press Ltd., 2003), 97.
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190:370 – 15 August 415) was
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528:. Oxford: Clarendon Press. p. 198.
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363:in 413. Although Athaulf remained an
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344:says he married her in Italy, at
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559:, Routledge, 1985, 2000, p. 218)
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670:King of the Visigoths
192:king of the Visigoths
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28:King of the Visigoths
16:King of the Visigoths
512:History of the Goths
450:Prosper of Aquitaine
340:in January 414, but
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586:Antonio Marchetta,
410:Death and aftermath
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843:Reccared II
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611:(in French)
456:Declaration
446:Augustine's
295:Sebastianus
287:Sebastianus
235:Constantius
221:Meanwhile,
69:Predecessor
968:415 deaths
932:Categories
818:Reccared I
803:Athanagild
758:Thorismund
719:Visigothic
619:chapter 31
538:Jordanes,
468:References
448:disciple,
438:Gallaecian
327:Bonifatius
108:1) Unknown
813:Liuvigild
773:Alaric II
551:Orosius,
417:Barcelona
387:ports of
184:Ataulphus
180:Latinized
134:Athanaric
79:Successor
47:, 1858. (
903:Agila II
858:Chintila
853:Sisenand
848:Suintila
833:Gundemar
828:Witteric
823:Liuva II
783:Amalaric
733:Alaric I
674:410–415
663:Alaric I
622:Archived
462:Narbonne
442:Hydatius
397:Hispania
393:Bordeaux
361:Toulouse
357:Narbonne
342:Jordanes
318:Carthage
307:Narbonne
291:Honorius
216:Calabria
164:Athavulf
144:Arianism
140:Religion
73:Alaric I
898:Roderic
893:Wittiza
838:Sisebut
808:Liuva I
798:Agila I
788:Theudis
778:Gesalec
743:Sigeric
738:Athaulf
680:Sigeric
635:Athaulf
542:, XXXI.
440:bishop
423:Sigeric
369:Orosius
314:Ravenna
303:Valence
279:Jovinus
268:Ravenna
257:Ravenna
249:Ulfilas
168:Atawulf
160:Athaulf
155:Athaulf
119:Dynasty
83:Sigeric
64:411–415
22:Athaulf
748:Wallia
645:
427:Wallia
401:Lipari
237:, the
212:Alaric
172:Ataulf
162:(also
130:Father
105:Spouse
92:c. 370
53:Madrid
888:Egica
883:Erwig
878:Wamba
863:Tulga
768:Euric
722:kings
647:Died:
346:Forlì
338:Narbo
283:Sarus
253:Arles
176:Adolf
170:, or
61:Reign
43:, by
908:Ardo
389:Gaul
359:and
223:Gaul
206:Life
174:and
97:Died
89:Born
649:415
336:at
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186:) (
182:as
110:2)
100:415
934::
572:.
510:,
452:.
403:.
352:.
259:.
202:.
188:c.
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576:.
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