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415:) is that it lies in the middle of the Azraq oasis, the only permanent source of fresh water in approximately 12,000 km (4,600 sq mi) of desert. The town is also located on a major desert route that would have facilitated trade within the region.
494:
According to the Jordan
National Census of 2004, the population of Azraq was 9,021, of whom 7,625 (84.5%) were Jordanian citizens. 4,988 (55.3%) were males, and 4,033 (44.7%) females. The next census was conducted in 2014.
396:. Protein residue analysis of tools at the site suggests that the people there butchered ducks, camels, bovines (probably aurochs) equines and rhinoceros (probably the narrow-nosed rhinoceros).
324:
for humans and other animals at times when the surrounding area dried out. The oasis itself changed as the climate fluctuated: at times a permanent lake, a
320:, around 500–300,000 years ago. The spring-fed oasis provided a more or less constant source of water throughout this period, and probably acted as a
588:
113:
975:
411:
Azraq has long been an important settlement in a remote and now-arid desert area of Jordan. The strategic value of the town and its castle (
516:
742:"Faunal remains from recent excavations at Shishan Marsh 1 (SM1), a Late Lower Paleolithic open-air site in the Azraq Basin, Jordan"
787:
Nowell, A.; Walker, C.; Cordova, C.E.; Ames, C.J.H.; Pokines, J.T.; Stueber, D.; DeWitt, R.; al-Souliman, A.S.A. (September 2016).
316:
evidence indicates that Azraq has been occupied for hundreds of thousands of years, with the oldest known remains dating to the
65:
985:
741:
474:, was opened in 2014 and is located 20 km (12 mi) west of Azraq. The site had been previously used during the
850:
335:
Animals found in Lower
Palaeolithic layers at the Shishan Marsh site include a large elephant (probably the extinct
471:
867:
953:
740:
Pokines, James T.; Lister, Adrian M.; Ames, Christopher J. H.; Nowell, April; Cordova, Carlos E. (March 2019).
17:
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606:"Prehistoric Environment and Settlement in the Azraq Basin: An Interim Report on the 1984 Excavation Season"
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was built by the Romans in the 3rd century AD, and was heavily modified in the Middle Ages by the
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695:"Interglacial and glacial desert refugia and the Middle Paleolithic of the Azraq Oasis, Jordan"
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789:"Middle Pleistocene subsistence in the Azraq Oasis, Jordan: Protein residue and other proxies"
605:
515:
Azraq is also the site of one of Jordan's seven protected nature reserve areas (set up by the
645:"Environment, chronology and Lower-Middle Paleolithic occupations of the Azraq Basin, Jordan"
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460:
35:
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Lawrence of Arabia's War: The Arabs, the
British and the Remaking of the Middle East in WWI
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Cordova, Carlos E.; Nowell, April; Bisson, Michael; et al. (June 2013).
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in the early 20th century, Qasr Azraq was an important headquarters for
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Journal des anthropologues. Association française des anthropologues
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918:"Water in Azraq (Jordan): a fluid link between state and society"
519:): the Azraq Wetlands Reserve in Azraq al-Janoubi (South Azraq).
438:
434:
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period settlement activity has also been documented in the area.
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845:. New Haven: Yale University Press. pp. 273, 367–368, 426.
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reserve is about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) south of the town.
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of 1990–91 as a transit camp for displaced Iraqis and
Kuwaitis.
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240:
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Garrard, Andrew; Byrd, Brian; Betts, Alison (1 January 1986).
826:. Garden City: Doubleday, Doran & Company, Inc. pp.
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period a water reservoir was constructed in southern Azraq.
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period the oasis was also an important focus of settlement.
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868:"Azraq Refugee Camp Opens For 130,000 Syrians Fleeing War"
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30:"Azraq" redirects here. For the villages in Iran, see
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296:. The population of Azraq was 9,021 in 2004. The
967:
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916:Janssens, Sylvie; Thill, Zack (8 July 2013).
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517:Royal Society for the Conservation of Nature
586:Department of Statistics-Jordan 2004 Census
70:Ruins of Azraq Castle and a street in Azraq
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866:Hadid, Diaa; Akour, Omar (30 April 2014).
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893:"Azraq Refugee Camp officially opened"
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292:, 100 kilometres (62 mi) east of
976:Populated places in Zarqa Governorate
559:, of which the Azraq oasis has two:
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284:meaning "blue") is a small town in
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793:Journal of Archaeological Science
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27:Town in Zarqa Governorate, Jordan
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472:refugees of the Syrian Civil War
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341:), a smaller elephant (probably
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891:Oddone, Elisa (30 April 2014).
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986:Druze communities in Jordan
958:American Center of Research
643:Copeland, Lorraine (1988).
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348:the ancestor of the living
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196:525 m (1,722 ft)
34:. For nature reserve, see
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805:10.1016/j.jas.2016.07.013
509:Shaumari Wildlife Reserve
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699:Quaternary International
522:The separate and larger
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841:Faulkner, Neil (2016).
822:Seven Pillars of Wisdom
818:Lawrence, T.E. (1935).
661:10.3406/paleo.1988.4456
622:10.1179/lev.1986.18.1.5
354:narrow-nosed rhinoceros
298:Muwaffaq Salti Air Base
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266:Muwaffaq Salti Airbase
552:Azraq Wetland Reserve
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461:Azraq Wetland Reserve
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300:is located in Azraq.
232: • Summer (
129:31.83417°N 36.81500°E
41:Town in Zarqa, Jordan
36:Azraq Wetland Reserve
924:(132–133): 317–338.
766:10.1017/qua.2018.113
873:The Huffington Post
758:2019QuRes..91..768P
746:Quaternary Research
711:2013QuInt.300...94C
563:and Qasr Ain es-Sil
338:Palaeoloxodon recki
288:in central-eastern
125: /
591:2011-07-22 at the
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468:Azraq refugee camp
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344:Elephas hysudricus
318:Lower Palaeolithic
206: • Total
185: • Mayor
134:31.83417; 36.81500
101:Location in Jordan
422:Azraq street view
381:Equus hydruntinus
286:Zarqa Governorate
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177: • Type
16:(Redirected from
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180:Municipality
616:(1): 5–24.
446:Arab Revolt
444:During the
399:During the
161:Governorate
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32:Azraq, Iran
970:Categories
705:: 94–110.
649:Paléorient
573:References
561:Qasr Azraq
431:Qasr Azraq
413:Qasr Azraq
366:wild horse
309:Prehistory
201:Population
172:Government
120:36°48′54″E
117:31°50′03″N
940:1156-0428
799:: 36–44.
774:0033-5894
727:1040-6182
669:0153-9345
630:0075-8914
511:in Azraq.
437:. In the
394:wild boar
253:Area code
215:Time zone
193:Elevation
188:Kamal Ata
677:41492296
589:Archived
530:See also
524:Shaumari
476:Gulf War
435:Mameluks
427:Nabatean
386:gazelles
372:(either
322:refugium
262:Airports
956:at the
754:Bibcode
707:Bibcode
439:Umayyad
390:aurochs
304:History
257:+(962)5
145:Country
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772:
725:
675:
667:
628:
610:Levant
392:, and
358:camels
290:Jordan
282:الأزرق
278:Arabic
209:14,800
154:Jordan
51:الأزرق
673:JSTOR
368:, an
362:lions
330:playa
326:marsh
294:Amman
274:Azraq
241:UTC+3
220:UTC+2
166:Zarqa
95:Azraq
48:Azraq
936:ISSN
847:ISBN
770:ISSN
723:ISSN
665:ISSN
626:ISSN
507:The
466:The
459:The
58:Town
926:doi
828:414
801:doi
762:doi
715:doi
703:300
657:doi
618:doi
384:),
378:or
370:ass
247:+3)
245:UTC
234:DST
226:+2)
224:UTC
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