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automobile tour of the widely dispersed battle sites. By 1979, the founders of the
Monnett Fund had successfully raised funds to erect permanent markers at 25 sites, and had created a self-guided automobile tour. These markers included a monument located at the meadow site, and several wayside markers on nearby Bloody Hill. The battlefield was entered on the
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Confederate flank and rear, General Curtis had ordered a general advance of the entire Union line, with Blair's and
Jennison's brigades leading the charge. Shelby, meanwhile, had only Thompson's Iron Brigade to hold off this massive assault. When one of Pleasonton's batteries arrived in support of Curtis's men, Thompson's Confederates finally broke and fled.
1039:, with over 30,000 troops involved. The Union victory put an end to Price's campaign for Missouri, and the battle has accordingly been referred to as "The Gettysburg of the West". Curtis wrote to Henry W. Halleck after the battle that "the victory at Westport was most decisive." This greatly contested border state was now firmly under
803:, with Price emerging victorious yet again. Curtis was nearly sixty years old, and age had taken a toll on his desire for combat; however, thanks to his aggressive subordinate Gen. Blunt, Curtis decided to make another stand south of Westport. Blunt personally oversaw the construction of a defensive line south of the town along
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in the lead. This attack drove the outflanked
Federals back across the creek. Moonlight's brigade was hit so hard that it was forced to fall back to the high ground on Brush Creek's west bluff, into what is now Westwood, Kansas, while Jennison's brigade retreated almost to the streets of Westport. It
1281:. This endeavor proved unsuccessful, and memorial efforts ceased for several years. During the 1950s, much of the battlefield was disturbed by commercial and industrial construction, though the developer of one industrial complex did erect a memorial near the historic route of the Byram's Ford Road.
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Needing another option besides frontal assaults, Curtis decided to search for a weak point elsewhere in the Rebel lines. His scouts found a local farmer named George Thoman, who was eager to help the
Federals as the Confederates had absconded with his horse the previous night. Thoman showed Curtis a
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But this was not to be. Shelby's force was out of ammunition, and remained on the heights south of Brush Creek. Also at this crucial hour, Col. Blair's brigade arrived and Curtis heard
Pleasonton's guns engaging the Confederates at nearby Byram's Ford. His spirits lifted, the Union commander rode to
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Price was aware of the forces to his front and rear, which together outnumbered him nearly three-to-one, so he determined to deal with them one at a time. He decided to attack Curtis's army first, at
Westport. Almost as old as his adversary, Price left direction of the engagement to his subordinate,
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in 1989, after the Fund acquired 50 acres (200,000 m) of the
Westport battlefield, including the site of Byram's Ford itself. Title was transferred to the Kansas City Parks Department in April 1995, and archaeological surveys in 1996 revealed artifacts from the battle in and around the Byram's
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in 1912. During the 1920s, civic leaders under H. H. Crittenden of the
Missouri Valley Historical Society conceived a plan to save the Westport battle sites near present-day Loose Park and Byram's Ford. Crittenden's father was Col. Thomas Crittenden, who led one of the Union cavalry brigades at the
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and was later buried in Forest Hill
Cemetery, scene of fighting during Price's retreat from Westport. Serving in the Kansas Militia during the battle was Kansas State Treasurer David. H. Heflebower who helped found the Peoples Party in Kansas and was a leader in the Greenback and later Union Labor
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charged down
Wornall's Lane in an attempt to capture it. Captain Curtis Johnson of the 15th Kansas Cavalry saw the Confederate attack forming and immediately moved to intercept. Johnson and McGhee personally engaged each other with their revolvers; both commanders were badly wounded, but survived.
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as a charter member. Dr. Howard N. Monnett, a member of this Round Table, researched, spoke and wrote extensively about what he termed the "action before Westport". His book of that title was published in 1964 for the battle's centennial. Dr. Monnett's enthusiasm led to the eventual creation of an
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As disaster was befalling Shelby and Fagan, a similar fate was happening to Price's rearguard, under Marmaduke, at Byram's Ford. A division of Price's army under General Shelby had forced a crossing at the ford on the 22nd (the day prior to the battle), forcing Federal defenders there to retire to
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to call out the state militia to bolster his forces. Governor Carney immediately suspected Curtis of attempting to draw the militia away from their voting districts, as election time was nearing. Carney was unconcerned with Price's force far away in Missouri, and felt it posed no threat to Kansas.
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During the Civil War, nearby Kansas City (known then as the Town of Kansas) served as headquarters for the Federal "District of the Border" and was garrisoned by a sizable contingent of Union troops. While its own municipal star was beginning to fade in favor of its northern neighbor, Westport was
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historians have long exaggerated the casualties inflicted in the fighting around Westport on October 21–23, 1864. Sinisi's new estimates are that the Union forces lost 361 and the Confederates 510 men, killed, wounded, or captured, on October 23. However, most sources give the total casualties as
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to secure his wagon trains, but these had already been removed by order of General Price. Jackman was instead intercepted by General Fagan, who alerted him to the massed Union cavalry (Pleasonton's) which had just crossed the Big Blue River to the east. Seeing Pleasanton's close proximity to the
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through this gully. Meanwhile, Blunt continued to push Jennison and Ford up the rise across Brush Creek, making slow progress until the 9th Wisconsin opened fire upon the Confederate flank and rear. Encouraged, Blunt's men now poured over the ridge, but Shelby's men fought back stubbornly and a
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The Confederates pulled back to their last line of defense, along the road south of Forest Hill (present day Gregory Blvd), with Colonel Jennison leading the pursuit. By now thirty Union guns had been brought to bear against the lone remaining Confederate cannon. One Federal battery had just
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at Kelly's Westport Inn, the oldest standing building in Kansas City, Missouri. It consists of a series of placards, one at each stop, giving both a detailed history of what occurred there and directions to the next stop. Stops along the self-guided tour include the
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Westport. Shelby's colleague General Marmaduke had subsequently established his own defensive line on the west bank of the river to hold off Pleasanton's cavalry, which was pressing them hard from the east. If Pleasanton could now force
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was made) enlisted in the U.S. Navy before the war and on February 24, 1864, joined Company A, 3rd Regiment, Colorado Cavalry Volunteers "from depot in St. Louis." With that regiment, he fought for the Union at the Battle of Westport.
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Although never capturing Price or the tattered remnants of his army, Federal forces did manage to render the Army of Missouri incapable of any future significant operations. Indeed, Price's campaign would prove the last in the
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the front lines and personally directed Blair's troops into battle west of Jennison. The reinforced Federals charged across the creek once more, with Blair in the lead, but were again repulsed and retreated to the north bank.
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accordingly forced a crossing at Byram's Ford on the 22nd, then took up positions on the west bank to hold off Pleasonton's Federal Cavalry, which now threatened Price's rear. Two other Confederate divisions, under Shelby and
1027:, from which he eventually returned to Arkansas via Texas, and ultimately leaving the Confederate leader with less than 6,000 survivors from his initial force of 12,000 when his campaign officially ended on November 1, 1864.
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still of some importance in the region. As it turned out, however, the decision to fight here would be the result of a chain of events that had little to do with any strategic importance attached to the town itself.
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Marmaduke's division was attacked by three of Pleasonton's brigades starting at 8:00 on the morning of the 23rd; the Confederates initially managed to hold their own. One of the Union brigade commanders, Brig. Gen.
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was recalled from Indian campaigns to lead its 1st Division, composed mostly of volunteer regiments and some Kansas militia. Curtis was only initially able to muster about 4,000 volunteers; he asked Kansas governor
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Byram's Ford battle, and later served as governor of Missouri. The mayor and council of Kansas City passed ordinances recognizing these sites; this was followed by the introduction of a bill in 1924 in the
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At daybreak on the 23rd, Blunt opened the battle by sending Jennison and Ford over an icy Brush Creek with their skirmishers. Advancing up a ridge, the Union forces engaged the Confederates in an
864:, with an artillery battery in support. Two regiments of cavalry filled the gap to the west between Jennison and the Kansas/Missouri state line. At a right angle to Jennison was the brigade of
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stalled his attack and was placed under arrest by Pleasonton for disobeying orders. Another of Pleasonton's brigade commanders, Col. Edward F. Winslow, was wounded and succeeded by Lt. Col.
791:, approximately forty miles east of Kansas City, on October 19. Blunt was unable to stop Price, but did slow his progress and gathered information on the Confederate forces. Again, at the
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joined Gen. Price's staff, in hopes that Price's army might capture Jefferson City and install him as governor of a Confederate regime in Missouri. Price had served as a prewar
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The following day, Blunt and Pleasonton took up their pursuit of Price's remaining forces. They would chase Price through Kansas and southern Missouri, engaging him at the
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Although many signs and placards commemorating some aspect of the Battle of Westport are present throughout Kansas City today, the main battle monument is located in the
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By order of Maj. Gen. Blunt (General Field Orders No. 2) the militia regiments of William H.M. Fishbeck, Brigadier General of Militia, were placed under the command of
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3,000 men, about 1,500 Union and 1,500 Confederate. Another primary source gives an estimate of 400 casualties for the Union and 1,000 to 1,500 for the Confederacy.
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Anticipating Price's impending attack, Blunt had positioned his three available brigades along Brush Creek, while a fourth under Col. Charles Blair was
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The first steps toward memorializing the Battle of Westport came early in the twentieth century. In 1906, local historian Paul Jenkins published his
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in the area to create a smoke screen to cover their withdrawal. Witnesses reported that the road was strewn with debris from the fleeing Rebel army.
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see-saw battle ensued in the open prairie. The Union army gradually gained the upper hand, slowly pushing Shelby's brigades back to the
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on October 21, Blunt was forced to retire — but not without slowing Price enough for a pursuing Federal cavalry division under
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While the main Confederate army was now being hit hard on two sides, Pleasonton's fourth brigade under Brig. Gen.
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1619:. Combines into one volume the original 5 volume work published by ABC-CLIO, Santa Barbara, California in 2000.
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had meanwhile received orders from Price to hold Curtis in front of Westport. Shelby counterattacked with his
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Several participants in the battle later went on to gain national fame in other ways, many of them in the
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into Missouri, with the hope of capturing the state for the South and turning the Northern people against
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General Curtis sent the bulk of his 1st Division under Gen. James Blunt to confront the Confederates at
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Lause, Mark J. "Battle of Westport," p. 2093, In Heidler, David S. and Heidler, Jeanne T., eds.,
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way across the Blue River, he would be in position to threaten Price's army as well as his supplies.
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was far too heavily fortified for his rather small force (12,000 men), so he turned west to threaten
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1556:, which shows what the battlefield will look like following full restoration to its 1864 appearance.
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to close the gap between himself and the Rebels. Additional fighting occurred the next day at
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set out in pursuit of Price's force, accompanied by a large detachment of infantry from the
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as the "jumping-off point" for the Westward trails, contributing to the growth of the town.
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took command of a division of Kansas Militia that now joined Curtis's Army of the Border.
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However, once Price had turned west toward Jefferson City, Carney relented and Maj. Gen.
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museum in Kansas City has several exhibits and research material related to the battle.
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Memorial to Confederate dead on the high ground at Forest Hill Cemetery, Kansas City.
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from Kansas City. East of Wornall Lane (present-day Wornall Road) was the brigade of
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Encyclopedia of the American Civil War: A Political, Social and Military History
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The fight continued to rage until Union reinforcements secured the battery.
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Three Union officers at Westport later served as post-war state governors:
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Civil War on the Western Border: The Missouri-Kansas Conflict, 1854-1865
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Civil War on the Western Border: The Missouri-Kansas Conflict, 1854-1865
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Battles of the Trans-Mississippi Theater of the American Civil War
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Monnett Battle of Westport Fund Interpretive and Development Plan.
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The Battle of Westport was one of the largest battles west of the
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appeared at this point that the Confederates might carry the day.
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According to a recent book on Price's campaign, Kyle S. Sinisi's
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The Last Hurrah: Sterling Price's Missouri Expedition of 1864.
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The Battle of Westport Museum and Visitor Center, located in
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The Last Hurrah: Sterling Price's Missouri Expedition of 1864
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1626:. Columbia, Missouri: University of Missouri Press, 2011.
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The Battle of Westport: Missouri's Great Confederate Raid
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1581:. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1993.
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control, and would remain so until the end of the war.
848:"Battleground of Westport" 1864 map showing Brush Creek
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The Last Hurrah: Sterling Price's Missouri Expedition
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Showing Position of Forces in morning of October 22nd
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Price's Lost Campaign: The 1864 Invasion of Missouri
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General Sterling Price and the Civil War in the West
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On the eve of the Civil War centennial in 1958, the
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served on Curtis's staff while future U.S. Senators
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in the presidential election of 1864. Major General
1611:. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, Inc., 2000.
1268:while the Byram's Ford engagement was reenacted in
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1481:"Battle of Westport Museum & Visitor Center"
1211:and a portion of the upper (Wornall) campus of
827:near Westport. One of Price's divisions under
2300:Battles of the American Civil War in Missouri
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1168:, while Marmaduke later served as a post-war
523:", was fought on October 23, 1864, in modern
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580:, which was used by both sides as a hospital
1639:The Battle of Westport, October 21–23, 1864
1596:. Charleston, SC: The History Press, 2011.
1507:"Tourist Center is Worthy of Exiting I-435"
1413:"Byram's Ford, Big Blue River, or Westport"
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550:. This engagement was the turning point of
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986:Colonel James H. McGhee's Arkansas Cavalry
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2305:Union victories of the American Civil War
1526:, September 6, 1912. As described in the
1377:(Rowman & Littlefield, 2015), p. 257.
66:Learn how and when to remove this message
1667:National Park Service battle description
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29:This article includes a list of general
773:Confederate order of battle at Westport
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1641:. Westport Historical Society, 1996.
875:to the south. The rebel divisions of
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627:. Westport gradually replaced nearby
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1483:. Battle of Westport. Archived from
1295:National Register of Historic Places
1286:Civil War Round Table of Kansas City
1090:served as scout for General Curtis.
992:Shelby sent a brigade under Colonel
967:moved against a Rebel brigade under
596:by Paul B. Jenkins published in 1906
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623:all passed through it on their way
542:decisively defeated an outnumbered
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1737:Missouri in the American Civil War
952:, who would later ride to fame at
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35:it lacks sufficient corresponding
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1701:Battle of Westport Visitor Center
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1288:was formed with former President
1023:, forcing Price to withdraw into
762:Union order of battle at Westport
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1554:Saving Kansas City's Battlefield
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78:Battle of the American Civil War
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1656:Rowman & Littlefield, 2015.
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1540:"Battle of Westport Welcome"
1188:was buried by the memorial;
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1157:served as Federal officers.
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971:guarding a second ford near
379:Westport (the United States)
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2295:Price's Missouri Expedition
1803:Price's Missouri Expedition
1561:September 28, 2007, at the
1160:Former lieutenant governor
1104:John "Liver Eating" Johnson
1078:served as a private in the
645:Price's Missouri Expedition
594:The Battle of Westport book
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552:Price's Missouri Expedition
426:Price's Missouri Expedition
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1417:American Battlefield Trust
1134:Thomas Theodore Crittenden
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1000:Price's men set fire to
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1761:Harney–Price Convention
1756:Capture of Camp Jackson
1260:from book by that name.
1066:Noteworthy participants
50:more precise citations.
2315:History of Kansas City
1687:The Battle of Westport
1673:Action Before Westport
1279:National Military Park
1275:United States Congress
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923:Battle of Byram's Ford
862:Charles "Doc" Jennison
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685:, Price realized that
683:Battle of Ft. Davidson
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521:Gettysburg of the West
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232:Commanders and leaders
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906:9th Wisconsin Battery
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840:Action at Brush Creek
771:Further information:
760:Further information:
675:Army of the Tennessee
605:Kansas City, Missouri
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295:Casualties and losses
163:39.03000°N 94.59444°W
1437:"Battle of Westport"
1388:"Battle of Westport"
1350:"Battle of Westport"
1192:is buried behind it.
1170:governor of Missouri
1141:Parties. Senators
1138:governor of Missouri
1130:governor of Illinois
969:William Lewis Cabell
663:William S. Rosecrans
349:Show map of Missouri
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105:Westport Battlefield
2330:October 1864 events
1671:Howard N. Monnett:
1487:on 12 November 2020
1266:Battle of Westport,
979:Confederate retreat
917:Fight for the fords
649:In September 1864,
639:Price's Raid begins
168:39.03000; -94.59444
159: /
1866:Blue Mills Landing
1577:Castel, Albert E.
1513:. August 31, 2010.
1444:Battle of Westport
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1205:Country Club Plaza
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1162:Thomas C. Reynolds
1122:governor of Kansas
1118:Samuel J. Crawford
1080:7th Kansas Cavalry
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715:Army of the Border
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578:John Wornall House
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529:American Civil War
517:Battle of Westport
513:
271:Army of the Border
226:Confederate States
93:American Civil War
86:Battle of Westport
2320:Conflicts in 1864
2282:
2281:
2227:
2226:
2142:
2141:
2098:John S. Marmaduke
2056:(by city or town)
2047:
2046:
1891:Mount Zion Church
1632:978-0-8262-1949-7
1602:978-1-60949-006-5
1147:Samuel C. Pomeroy
1092:Frederick Benteen
1076:Buffalo Bill Cody
1072:American Old West
1037:Mississippi River
1019:, and finally at
1009:Marais des Cygnes
994:Sidney D. Jackman
950:Frederick Benteen
829:John S. Marmaduke
815:. With about 500
797:Alfred Pleasonton
793:Little Blue River
671:Alfred Pleasonton
609:John Calvin McCoy
556:Mississippi River
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479:Marais des Cygnes
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76:
75:
68:
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2325:1864 in Missouri
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2259:
2239:General Order 11
2219:Confederate Home
2151:
2150:
2129:Thomas Ewing Jr.
2124:Samuel R. Curtis
2108:Joseph O. Shelby
2088:
2087:
2057:
2019:2nd Independence
1927:1st Independence
1886:Blackwater Creek
1816:
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1716:
1707:
1706:
1652:Sinisi, Kyle S.
1565:
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1524:Kansas City Star
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1497:
1496:
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1471:
1468:
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1446:. Archived from
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1327:
1318:. Archived from
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1243:Trailside Center
1190:Waldo P. Johnson
1186:Joseph O. Shelby
1151:Preston B. Plumb
1109:Jeremiah Johnson
1088:Wild Bill Hickok
1025:Indian Territory
984:unlimbered when
889:M. Jeff Thompson
877:Joseph O. Shelby
866:Thomas Moonlight
741:Charles W. Blair
735:Command disputes
711:Wild Bill Hickok
707:Samuel R. Curtis
695:Fort Leavenworth
655:Army of Missouri
540:Samuel R. Curtis
464:2nd Independence
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1681:0-87081-413-3
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1453:on 2018-04-04
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17:
2272:
2178:Island Mound
2039:2nd Newtonia
2028:
1947:Clark's Mill
1942:Island Mound
1937:1st Newtonia
1917:Moore's Mill
1686:
1672:
1653:
1638:
1623:
1608:
1593:
1578:
1553:
1548:
1534:
1527:
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1519:
1501:
1489:. Retrieved
1485:the original
1475:
1466:
1455:. Retrieved
1448:the original
1443:
1431:
1420:. Retrieved
1416:
1407:
1396:. Retrieved
1394:. 2013-04-22
1391:
1382:
1374:
1369:
1358:. Retrieved
1356:. 2013-04-22
1353:
1344:
1335:
1324:. Retrieved
1320:the original
1310:
1285:
1283:
1277:to create a
1265:
1263:
1240:
1226:
1224:
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1201:neighborhood
1195:
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931:Byram's Ford
898:
894:
885:Iron Brigade
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809:
801:Independence
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738:
704:
648:
633:
629:Independence
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494:2nd Newtonia
473:
469:Byram's Ford
305:
300:
194:Belligerents
91:Part of the
62:
56:January 2013
53:
34:
2091:Confederate
2053:Involvement
2014:Little Blue
1978:Chalk Bluff
1777:Confederacy
1298:Ford area.
1198:Sunset Hill
965:John McNeil
881:James Fagan
834:James Fagan
805:Brush Creek
767:Confederate
544:Confederate
459:Little Blue
306:about 1,500
301:about 1,500
166: /
138:Kansas City
48:introducing
2289:Categories
2212:Cemeteries
1922:Kirksville
1912:New Madrid
1770:Combatants
1572:References
1491:18 October
1457:2020-09-14
1422:2020-09-14
1398:2020-09-14
1360:2019-05-30
1326:2009-12-04
1270:Swope Park
1258:Title page
1229:starts in
1220:Swope Park
1209:Loose Park
1136:served as
1120:served as
1084:Jayhawkers
1013:Mine Creek
873:open field
825:Blue River
617:California
567:Loose Park
565:Cannon at
484:Mine Creek
257:Maj. Gen.
244:Maj. Gen.
154:94°35′40″W
151:39°01′48″N
121:1864-10-23
31:references
2187:Newtonia
2183:Lexington
2156:memorials
2147:Aftermath
2075:St. Louis
2065:Centralia
1968:Hartville
1932:Lone Jack
1831:Cole Camp
1826:Boonville
1791:Campaigns
1176:Memorials
1031:Aftermath
813:Jo Shelby
789:Lexington
687:St. Louis
2262:Category
2168:Carthage
2029:Westport
2024:Big Blue
1836:Carthage
1559:Archived
1470:Lee p.71
1231:Westport
1166:governor
1143:Jim Lane
1124:, while
1021:Newtonia
854:en route
811:General
653:led his
601:Westport
585:Westport
474:Westport
373:Westport
345:Missouri
332:Westport
282:Strength
142:Missouri
134:Westport
129:Location
2273:Commons
2084:Leaders
2070:Osceola
2004:Glasgow
1999:Sedalia
1881:Belmont
1812:Battles
1744:Origins
1128:became
1098:at the
783:Prelude
449:Sedalia
444:Glasgow
185:victory
119: (
44:improve
2163:Athens
1846:Athens
1693:
1679:
1645:
1630:
1615:
1600:
1585:
1015:, the
887:under
821:cattle
817:wagons
778:Battle
677:under
613:Oregon
287:22,000
223:
205:
179:Result
33:, but
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1451:(PDF)
1440:(PDF)
1302:Notes
1041:Union
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756:Union
533:Union
290:8,500
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183:Union
1987:1864
1956:1863
1900:1862
1819:1861
1691:ISBN
1677:ISBN
1643:ISBN
1628:ISBN
1613:ISBN
1598:ISBN
1583:ISBN
1493:2017
1241:The
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