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Bengali Language Movement (Barak Valley)

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194:). Seeing their fellow activists arrested and being taken away, the Satyagrahis assembled at the railway tracks and broke out in loud protests. At that point, the truck driver and the policemen escorting the arrested activists fled the scene. Immediately after they fled, an unidentified person set fire to the truck. A firefighting team rushed to the spot to bring the fire under control. Within five minutes, at around 2:35 p.m., the paramilitary forces guarding the railway station started beating the protesters with rifle butts and batons without provocation. Within a span of seven minutes, the paramilitary forces fired 17 rounds into the crowd. Several people were hit by bullets and were carried to hospitals. Nine people died that day. On 20 May, the people of Silchar defied curfew with to make a procession for the martyrs' bodies in protest against the killings. Two more people were martyred the next day. 362: 220: 160: 198: 2656: 1403: 1108: 22: 887: 175:, and Hailakandi. In Karimganj, the agitators picketed in front of government offices, courts, and railway stations. In Silchar, the agitators picketed in the railway station. The last train from Silchar was around 4 p.m., after which the hartal would be effectively dissolved. Not a single ticket was sold for the first train at 5:40 a.m. The morning passed peacefully without incident. However, in the afternoon, the 605: 615: 246:
Section 5 of the Assam Official Language Act of 1960 as amended in 1967 had specified Bengali as the official language. This prompted the state government to issue a fresh circular on September 9 saying that Bengali, the official language of Barak Valley, will continue to be used for all official works.
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After the incident, the Assam government had to withdraw and Bengali was ultimately given official status in Barak Valley's three districts. Section 5 of Assam Act XVIII, 1961 safeguards the use of Bengali in the Cachar district. It states, "Without prejudice to the provisions contained in Section 3,
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was erected in Silchar in memory of the martyrs. This stone tomb contains the ashes of the brave individuals who chose death for their right to get formal education in their mother tongue in their free country. In 2011, Gopa Dutta Aich unveiled a bronze bust of Kamala Bhattacharya on the premises of
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and bayonets. Many received bullet wounds. At least 30 protesters were admitted to Silchar Civil Hospital, while others were released after first aid treatment. Of these 30 activists, some lived with pain and disfigurement from bullet wounds for the remainder of their lives. Some organizations and
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On 12 May, the soldiers of the Assam Rifles, the Madras Regiment, and the Central Reserve Police staged a flag march in Silchar. On 18 May, the Assam police arrested three prominent leaders of the movement, namely Nalinikanta Das, Rathindranath Sen, and Bidhubhushan Chowdhury, the editor of weekly
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in the Barak Valley, in the regions surrounding Silchar and Karimganj to raise awareness among the populace. The Satyagrahis, who took part in the padayatra, walked over 200 miles and covered several villages. The procession ended on 2 May in Silchar. Later on, a similar padayatra was organized in
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The Assam government had, on 30 November 2013, issued a circular asking the deputy commissioners of all the state's districts to ensure the use of Assamese as an official language, which generated a lot of protests in the three Barak Valley districts—Cachar, Karimganj, and Hailakandi. However,
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is celebrated every year on 19 May to commemorate those 11 martyrs who sacrificed their lives for the sake of protecting Bengali language. Various cultural programmes are conducted, rallies are held, and the busts of the martyrs are decorated with flower garlands.
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when students demonstrating for recognition of their language, Bengali, as one of the two national languages of what was then Pakistan, were shot and killed by police in Dhaka, the capital of present-day Bangladesh.
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Hailakandi. After the padayatra, Rathindranath Sen, the Parishad leader, declared that if Bengali was not accorded the status of official language by 13 April 1961, a complete work stoppage (called a
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in about equal number, constituting the overwhelming majority of the population. There is also a substantial minority of native tribes and immigrants from other parts of India.
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observed a Sankalpa Divas in protest against the injustice of the Assamese government. On 24 April, the Parishad left for a two-week
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Other than 11 martyrs of 19 May 1961, many protesters of the 1961 language movement were badly beaten by the armed forces with
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On 5 February 1961, the Cachar Gana Sangram Parishad was formed to protest the imposition of Assamese in the Bengali-speaking
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writers in Barak valley humbly remember them alongside eleven martyrs of Bengali language movement of 1961. Their names are:
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On 19 May, the dawn-to-dusk hartal began. Picketing started early in the morning in the sub-divisional towns of Silchar,
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Raktanjali, Bangla Bhasa sangramer Itihas, by Paritosh Paul Chaudhury, Raktim Giganta, Natun Diganta Prakashani, Silchar
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the Bengali language shall be used for administrative and other official purposes up to and including district level".
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Procession in Silchar on 20 May 1961 in memory of the deceased martyrs in defiance of the curfew.
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Assam police resort to lathi charge on the satyagrahis at the Tarapur railway station (now,
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Eleven people were martyred in 1961. Nine people died on 19 May 1961, and two died later:
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Statue dedicated to martyrs of Bengali Language movement of Barak valley, located in
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the state's sole official language, even though most Barak Valley residents speak
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under the initiative of Shahid Kamala Bhattacharya Murti Sthapan Committee.
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from Katigorah was passing by the Tarapur railway station (present-day
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Dr. Mohit Ray, speaking at a commemorative event in Kolkata in 2019.
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Role of political parties during Bengali Language Movement
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Protest against Assamese as the sole official language
791:"Bronze bust of martyr Kamala Bhattacharya installed" 573:"Report of Non-Official Enquiry Commission on Cachar" 1354:
Artistic depictions of the Bengali Language Movement
555:āĻŦāĻžāĻ™āĻžāĻ˛āĻŋāĻ° āĻšā§‡āĻ¤āĻ¨āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻļā§āĻ§ā§ āĻāĻ•ā§āĻļā§‡, āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻ‰āĻ¨āĻŋāĻļā§‡āĻ° āĻļāĻšā§€āĻĻāĻĻā§‡āĻ° 459:. In Ambagudia, Jagannath; Xaxa, Virginius (eds.). 430:. In Ambagudia, Jagannath; Xaxa, Virginius (eds.). 49:. About 80% of the valley's residents are ethnic 3075: 1066:Shorbodolio Kendrio Rashtrobhasha Kormi Porishod 64:The main incident took place on 19 May 1961 at 694:"Compulsory use of Bengali Language in Cachar" 548: 546: 25:A memorial built in memory of language martyrs 2636: 1385: 1045: 1031: 832: 527:. We The People, Barak Valley. Archived from 552: 482: 480: 91:In April 1960, a proposal was raised at the 543: 518: 516: 300:One person was martyred on 17 August 1972: 2643: 2629: 1392: 1378: 1093:Pakistaner Rashtra Bhasha: Bangla Na Urdu? 1038: 1024: 839: 825: 783: 597: 154: 37:was a protest against the decision of the 553:Mukhopadhyay, Baidyanath (19 May 2013). 486: 477: 232:the one in Bangladesh on 21 February 1952 885: 668:"Silchar rly station to be renamed soon" 513: 360: 218: 196: 158: 99:as the state's sole official language. 20: 660: 565: 393:Bengali language movement in Bangladesh 308:Two more people were martyred in 1986: 108:Karimganj (North) assembly constituency 3076: 2804:Bengali language movement (Bangladesh) 2270:Joymati, first Assamese motion picture 638:"No alliance with BJP, says AGP chief" 630: 603: 2624: 1373: 1019: 820: 522: 454: 425: 604:Laskar, Dilip Kanti (4 March 2012). 461:Handbook of tribal politics in India 432:Handbook of tribal politics in India 75: 3063:States of India by Bengali speakers 2834:Bengali language movement (Manbhum) 13: 3058:Bengali input methods in computers 2829:Bengali Language Movement in India 2824:Bengali Language Movement in Assam 2809:Language Movement Day (Bangladesh) 2165:List of Assamese writers Pen Names 848:Bengali language movement in India 644:. 27 December 2003. Archived from 487:Chowdhury, Ranajit (19 May 2013). 463:. SAGE Publications. p. 398. 434:. SAGE Publications. p. 398. 388:Bengali language movement in India 249: 14: 3130: 2819:International Mother Language Day 1626:Legislative Assembly (Since 1937) 1344:International Mother Language Day 719:International Mother Language Day 2654: 1536:Institutions of higher education 1401: 1106: 179:arrived at the railway station. 93:Assam Pradesh Congress Committee 3114:History of the Bengali language 1483:Dipterocarpus retusus (Hollong) 758: 749: 723: 712: 686: 230:This massacre is compared with 2175:The Arunodoi (Orunodoi - 1846) 766:"Learn A Little About Silchar" 607:āĻ‰āĻ¨āĻŋāĻļā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ—ā§āĻ°āĻžāĻŽ āĻ…āĻ¨āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯, āĻ…āĻ¤ā§āĻ˛āĻ¨ā§€āĻ¯āĻŧ 448: 419: 405: 369:A martyr's tomb, known as the 1: 2919:Bangla Academy Literary Award 2875:Pôshchim Bônggô Natyô Akademi 2860:PôshchimBônggô Bangla Akademi 797:. 18 May 2011. Archived from 398: 186:truck carrying nine arrested 126:. On 14 April, the people of 80: 2170:List of Assamese Periodicals 1621:Assam Province (1912 – 1947) 1071:Rastrabhasa Sangram Parishad 872:Cachar Gana Sangram Parishad 614:(in Bengali). Archived from 497:(in Bengali). Archived from 72:killed 11 ethnic Bengalis. 7: 381: 356: 10: 3135: 3104:Language conflict in India 1974:Barak Valley (South Assam) 1474:Foxtail Orchids (Kopouful) 337:Nishitendra Narayan Thakur 117: 84: 3119:Bengali language in India 3099:Bengali language movement 3050: 3029: 3008: 2975:Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar 2952: 2911: 2883: 2865:Bônggiyô Sahityô Pôrishôd 2842: 2796: 2706: 2663: 2595: 2504: 2370: 2362:List of people from Assam 2283: 2275:Guwahati Theatre Festival 2190:Assam Rhetorical Congress 2122: 2021: 2011:The Hill station of Assam 1954: 1922: 1864: 1821: 1753: 1720: 1707: 1654: 1581: 1491: 1433: 1418: 1316: 1115: 1104: 1053: 1047:Bengali language movement 987: 896: 883: 854: 340:Santosh Chandra Kirtoniya 214: 205: 31:Bengali Language Movement 2980:Nathaniel Brassey Halhed 1969:Lower-Assam (West Assam) 1964:Upper-Assam (East Assam) 1298:Abdur Rashid Tarkabagish 1253:Mahbub Ul Alam Choudhury 606: 554: 489: 376:Chhotelal Seth Institute 1813:South Salmara Mankachar 1689:Human rights Commission 1248:Muhammad Habibur Rahman 1098:Romanisation of Bengali 995:Silchar railway station 642:The Telegraph, Calcutta 192:Silchar railway station 182:At around 2:30 p.m., a 165:Silchar railway station 155:Main incident of 19 May 66:Silchar railway station 2990:Suniti Kumar Chatterji 1646:Assam History Timeline 1000:Shahid Minar, Shilchar 924:Chandicharan Sutradhar 890: 561:(in Bengali). Kolkata. 366: 263:Chandicharan Sutradhar 227: 202: 168: 26: 3042:Cinema of West Bengal 2934:Sahitya Akademi Award 2870:Bishwô Sahityô Kendrô 2843:Language institutions 1339:Language Movement Day 1303:Sheikh Mujibur Rahman 1233:Abul Kalam Shamsuddin 959:Sachindra Chandra Pal 889: 525:"Bhasha Shahid Divas" 455:Bodhi, S. R. (2021). 426:Bodhi, S. R. (2021). 364: 284:Sachindra Chandra Pal 222: 200: 162: 104:Bimala Prasad Chaliha 24: 3037:Cinema of Bangladesh 2995:Muhammad Shahidullah 2103:Textiles and dresses 2056:Folk dances of Assam 1846:Karbi Anglong (West) 1669:Legislative Assembly 1288:Muhammad Shahidullah 1005:Bhasha Smritistambha 969:Sukamal Purakayastha 949:Labanya Prabha Ghosh 648:on 14 September 2012 343:Bhupendra Kumar Paul 331:Krishna Kanta Biswas 291:Sukamal Purakayastha 102:On 10 October 1960, 87:Barak state movement 2970:Rabindranath Tagore 2600:Fairs and Festivals 2215:Saptakanda Ramayana 2150:Assamese literature 1989:Mora Dhansiri River 1641:Golaghat Convention 1258:Mohammad Akram Khan 1158:Muhammad Ali Jinnah 1148:Dhirendranath Datta 934:Kamala Bhattacharya 737:. 10 September 2014 618:on 2 September 2015 585:on 29 December 2013 295:Kamala Bhattacharya 239:Bhasha Shahid Divas 39:Government of Assam 2855:Shilpakala Academy 2797:Language movements 2681:consonant clusters 2434:and its variations 2380:and its variations 2230:Goalpariya Lokgeet 2046:Traditional crafts 1543:Physical geography 1511:Brahmaputra Valley 1153:Khawaja Nazimuddin 1054:History and events 919:Birendra Sutradhar 904:Atul Chandra Ghosh 891: 855:History and events 735:The Indian Express 672:The Times of India 523:Choudhuri, Arjun. 367: 328:Pradip Kumar Dutta 288:Birendra Sutradhar 228: 203: 169: 27: 3109:Protests in India 3071: 3070: 3021:Kolkata Book Fair 3016:Ekushey Book Fair 2965:Kazi Nazrul Islam 2929:Rabindra Puraskar 2618: 2617: 2185:The Assam Tribune 2036:Assamese alphabet 2031:Assamese language 1979:Brahmaputra River 1950: 1949: 1465:White-winged duck 1456:Indian rhinoceros 1447:O Mur Apunar Desh 1367: 1366: 1324:Ekushey Book Fair 1238:Kazi Golam Mahbub 1178:Nurul Huq Bhuiyan 1143:Rafiq Uddin Ahmed 1013: 1012: 612:The Sunday Indian 470:978-93-5388-460-4 441:978-93-5388-460-4 349:Monoranjan Sarkar 334:Manik Miya Laskar 304:Bijan Chakraborty 76:Events of 1960–61 3126: 2658: 2652:Bengali language 2645: 2638: 2631: 2622: 2621: 2371:Notable surnames 2073:Ekasarana Dharma 1718: 1717: 1406: 1405: 1404: 1394: 1387: 1380: 1371: 1370: 1308:Munier Choudhury 1213:Maulana Bhashani 1208:A. 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Fazlul Huq 1203:Abdul Malek Ukil 1188:Liaquat Ali Khan 1110: 1061:Tamaddun Majlish 1040: 1033: 1026: 1017: 1016: 944:Kumud Ranjan Das 914:Bhajahari Mahato 841: 834: 827: 818: 817: 811: 810: 808: 806: 787: 781: 780: 778: 776: 762: 756: 753: 747: 746: 744: 742: 727: 721: 716: 710: 709: 707: 705: 690: 684: 683: 681: 679: 664: 658: 657: 655: 653: 634: 628: 627: 625: 623: 601: 595: 594: 592: 590: 584: 577: 569: 563: 562: 550: 541: 540: 538: 536: 520: 511: 510: 508: 506: 484: 475: 474: 452: 446: 445: 423: 417: 416: 409: 272:Kumud Ranjan Das 3134: 3133: 3129: 3128: 3127: 3125: 3124: 3123: 3074: 3073: 3072: 3067: 3046: 3025: 3004: 2948: 2944:Ananda Puraskar 2939:Bankim Puraskar 2912:Literary awards 2907: 2893:Folk literature 2879: 2838: 2792: 2702: 2664:Written Bengali 2659: 2649: 2619: 2614: 2591: 2567:North Lakhimpur 2500: 2366: 2330:Tribes of Assam 2298:Assamese people 2279: 2155:Assamese poetry 2131: 2118: 2017: 1946: 1918: 1860: 1817: 1749: 1703: 1699:Political Party 1674:Chief Ministers 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771: 767: 761: 752: 736: 732: 726: 720: 715: 699: 695: 689: 674:. 9 June 2009 673: 669: 663: 647: 643: 639: 633: 617: 613: 609: 600: 581: 574: 568: 560: 549: 547: 530: 526: 519: 517: 500: 496: 492: 483: 481: 472: 466: 462: 458: 451: 443: 437: 433: 429: 422: 414: 408: 404: 394: 391: 389: 386: 385: 379: 377: 372: 363: 351: 348: 345: 342: 339: 336: 333: 330: 327: 326: 325: 322: 314: 311: 310: 309: 303: 302: 301: 296: 293: 290: 287: 285: 282: 280: 277: 274: 271: 269:Satyendra Deb 268: 266:Hitesh Biswas 265: 262: 260: 257: 256: 255: 247: 243: 240: 236: 233: 226: 221: 212: 199: 195: 193: 189: 185: 180: 178: 174: 166: 161: 152: 148: 146: 141: 137: 133: 129: 125: 115: 113: 109: 105: 100: 98: 94: 88: 73: 71: 68:in which the 67: 62: 60: 56: 52: 48: 44: 40: 36: 32: 23: 19: 3000:Humayun Azad 2823: 2776:Sadhu bhasha 2741:Chittagonian 2723: 2686:Romanization 2433: 2379: 2200:Kirtan Ghoxa 2105: 2010: 1924:Barak Valley 1798:Kamrup Metro 1636:Assam Accord 1606:Ahom kingdom 1568:Assam Rifles 1506:Biodiversity 1424: 1359:Ekusher Gaan 1283:Altaf Mahmud 1263:Zahir Raihan 1243:Gaziul Haque 1128:Abdul Jabbar 1080: 974:Sunil Sarkar 862:Barak Valley 861: 803:. 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The 704:26 May 678:26 May 652:26 May 622:23 May 589:25 May 535:23 May 505:22 May 467:  438:  321:lathis 215:Legacy 206:Effect 145:hartal 134:, and 55:Hindus 3051:Other 2903:Poets 2771:Rarhi 2532:Diphu 2490:Sarma 2458:Gogoi 2454:Gayen 2449:Dutta 2392:Borah 2350:Karbi 2340:Deori 2133:music 2083:Satra 1836:Hojai 1763:Baksa 1412:Assam 1408:State 583:(PDF) 576:(PDF) 2445:Deka 2335:Bodo 2318:Koch 2303:Ahom 2260:Pepa 2250:Dhol 2135:and 2124:Arts 2110:and 2108:Muga 2051:Bihu 1711:and 1479:Tree 1461:Bird 1443:Song 807:2012 777:2013 743:2018 706:2017 680:2017 654:2017 624:2013 591:2013 537:2013 507:2013 465:ISBN 436:ISBN 374:the 57:and 29:The 2441:Das 2112:Eri 1410:of 33:of 3080:: 2126:, 1481:: 1472:: 1463:: 1454:: 1445:: 1423:: 793:. 733:. 696:. 670:. 640:. 610:. 557:. 545:^ 515:^ 493:. 479:^ 167:). 130:, 2644:e 2637:t 2630:v 2436:) 2382:) 2130:, 2114:) 2106:( 2013:) 1393:e 1386:t 1379:v 1039:e 1032:t 1025:v 840:e 833:t 826:v 809:. 779:. 745:. 708:. 682:. 656:. 626:. 593:. 539:. 509:. 473:. 444:. 415:.

Index


Barak Valley
Government of Assam
Assamese
Bengali
Bengalis
Hindus
Muslims
Silchar railway station
Assam police
Barak state movement
Assam Pradesh Congress Committee
Assamese
Bimala Prasad Chaliha
Karimganj (North) assembly constituency
Bengali
Barak Valley
Silchar
Karimganj
Hailakandi
padayatra

Silchar railway station
Karimganj
Assam Rifles
Bedford
Satyagrahis
Silchar railway station

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