47:
805:
147:
633:-bit) CPU, while 3-bit, or any CPU with higher odd number of bits, hasn't been manufactured and sold in volume). Four 4-bit ALU chips could be used to build a 16-bit ALU. It would take eight chips to build a 32-bit word ALU. The designer could add as many slices as required to manipulate longer word lengths.
945:
Combining components to produce bit-slice products allowed engineers and students to create more powerful and complex computers at a more reasonable cost, using off-the-shelf components that could be custom-configured. The complexities of creating a new computer architecture were greatly reduced when
915:
Prior to the mid-1970s and late 1980s there was some debate over how much bus width was necessary in a given computer system to make it function. Silicon chip technology and parts were much more expensive than today. Using multiple simpler, and thus less expensive, ALUs was seen as a way to increase
1603:
voltage of 2.5 mV Another 8-bit parallel ALU has been designed and fabricated with target processing frequency of 30 GHz To achieve comparable performance to CMOS parallel microprocessors operating at 2–3 GHz, 4-bit bit-slice processing should be performed with a clock frequency of
87:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge.
59:
1594:
4-bit bit-slice arithmetic logic unit (ALU) for 32-bit rapid single-flux-quantum microprocessors was demonstrated. The proposed ALU covers all of the ALU operations for the MIPS32 instruction set. It consists of 3481
628:
For example, two 4-bit ALU chips could be arranged side by side, with control lines between them, to form an 8-bit ALU (result need not be power of two, e.g. three 1-bit units can make a 3-bit ALU, thus 3-bit (or
1558:
Tang, Guang-Ming; Takata, Kensuke; Tanaka, Masamitsu; Fujimaki, Akira; Takagi, Kazuyoshi; Takagi, Naofumi (January 2016) . "4-bit Bit-Slice
Arithmetic Logic Unit for 32-bit RSFQ Microprocessors".
712:, a 16-bit processor based on the IMP chipset, e.g. four RALU chips with one each IMP16A/521D and IMP16A/522D CROM chips (additional optional CROM chips could provide instruction set additionis)
519:
990:
In more recent times, the term bit slicing was reused by
Matthew Kwan to refer to the technique of using a general-purpose CPU to implement multiple parallel simple
1599:
with an area of 3.09 × 1.66 mm. It achieved the target frequency of 50 GHz and a latency of 524 ps for a 32-bit operation, at the designed
684:
IMP family, consisting primarily of the IMP-00A/520 RALU (also known as MM5750) and various masked ROM microcode and control chips (CROMs, also known as MM5751)
1434:
1690:
1464:
168:
161:
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1096:
90:
Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
827:
778:
774:
1604:
several tens of gigahertz. Several bit-serial arithmetic circuits have been successfully demonstrated with high-speed clocks of above 50 GHz
909:
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from modules of processors of smaller bit width, for the purpose of increasing the word length; in theory to make an arbitrary
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1037:"4-bit bit-slice arithmetic logic unit (ALU) for 32-bit rapid single-flux-quantum microprocessors was demonstrated".
230:
111:
Content in this edit is translated from the existing
Russian Knowledge article at ]; see its history for attribution.
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would be used to execute logic to provide data and control signals to regulate function of the component ALUs.
1534:
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795:
RP-16, a 16-bit processor consisting of seven integrated circuits, using four RALU chips and three CROM chips.
965:
transistors. This allowed much higher clock rates, where speed was needed – for example, for
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AL1 (1969, considered to be the first microprocessor used in a commercial product, now discontinued)
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953:
The main advantage was that bit slicing made it economically possible in smaller processors to use
106:
1046:
897:
768:
622:
544:
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27:
1660: – a bitslicing primer presenting a pedagogical bitsliced implementation of the
999:
696:
681:
469:
1214:]. Sammlung Göschen (in German). Vol. 2050 (4th reworked ed.). Berlin, Germany:
555:. The grouped processing components would then have the capability to process the chosen full
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127:
977:, the combination of flexibility and speed, before discrete CPUs were able to deliver that.
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At the time 16-bit processors were common but expensive, and 8-bit processors, such as the
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4-bit ALU chips to implement the needed word width while using modern integrated circuits.
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Bit slicing, although not called that at the time, was also used in computers before
705:, an 8-bit processor based on the IMP chipset, using two RALU chips and one CROM chip
356:
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102:
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family (1974, now discontinued), e.g. Intel 3002 with Intel 3001, second-sourced by
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Digitale
Rechenautomaten – Eine Einführung in die Struktur von Computerhardware
637:
563:
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994:
using general logic instructions to perform single-instruction multiple-data (
904:, or very-large-scale integration circuits). The first bit-sliced machine was
1674:
1206:
Klar, Rainer (1989) . "5.2 Der
Mikroprozessor, ein Universal-Rechenautomat".
927:
series mainframes (one of the oldest series, originating in the 1950s) has a
804:
1665:
1212:
Digital
Computers – An Introduction into the structure of computer hardware
868:
575:
920:
microprocessors were being discussed at the time, few were in production.
1491:. Delran, NJ, USA: Datapro Research Corporation. January 1983. 70C-877-12
1066:
Benadjila, Ryad; Guo, Jian; Lomné, Victor; Peyrin, Thomas (2014-03-21) .
924:
20:
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to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
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5700/6700 family (1974) e.g. MMI 5701 / MMI 6701, second-sourced by
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To simplify the circuit structure and reduce the hardware cost of
1600:
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Kurth, Rüdiger; Groß, Martin; Hunger, Henry, eds. (2021-09-27) .
905:
854:
552:
84:
1109:
Here's how you would put three 1-bit ALU to create a 3-bit ALU
928:
917:
720:
709:
1068:"Implementing Lightweight Block Ciphers on x86 Architectures"
947:
621:
signals that are internal to the processor in non-bitsliced
995:
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architecture, and the 1100/60 introduced in 1979 used nine
562:
Bit slicing more or less died out due to the advent of the
1316:"5701/6701 4-Bit Expandable Bipolar Microcontroller Aug74"
1388:
985:
939:
717:
579:
1557:
942:, were widely used in the nascent home-computer market.
1065:
1013:, which achieved significant gains in performance of
547:(CPU). Each of these component modules processes one
80:
34:
used in computer graphics and image processing, see
946:the details of the ALU were already specified (and
1448:
916:computing power in a cost-effective manner. While
1459:[Applications of the U830C and chipset].
1672:
1146:"Technology Leadership - Bipolar Microprocessor"
1394:
1020:
910:University of Cambridge Mathematical Laboratory
1561:IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
1257:
1233:
998:) operations. This technique is also known as
105:accompanying your translation by providing an
71:Click for important translation instructions.
58:expand this article with text translated from
1138:
1059:
513:
1166:
738:(1975) and SBP0401, cascadable up to 16 bits
590:Bit-slice processors (BSPs) usually include
1691:University of Cambridge Computer Laboratory
1535:"A Fast New DES Implementation in Software"
1478:
1418:
1289:"File:MMI 5701-6701 MCU (August, 1974).pdf"
1201:
1199:
1197:
1195:
1193:
723:family (1975), e.g. AM2901, AM2901A, AM2903
30:construction technique. For bit slicing as
16:Method of constructing a computer processor
1360:
1358:
520:
506:
117:{{Translated|ru|Микропроцессорная секция}}
1619:
1551:
1011:A Fast New DES Implementation in Software
231:Learn how and when to remove this message
1486:"Computers Sperry Univac 1100/60 System"
1331:
1308:
1190:
1089:
803:
1457:"Einsatzgebiete des U830C und Chipsatz"
1454:
1364:
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1281:
1114:
891:
1673:
1424:
986:Software use on non-bit-slice hardware
585:
574:and as a software technique, e.g. for
167:Please improve this article by adding
1532:
1502:
1205:
845:(1978/1981), cascadable up to 32 bit
140:
40:
1526:
1005:This was initially in reference to
613:(ALU) and control lines (including
13:
1613:
535:is a technique for constructing a
14:
1707:
1644:
1620:Mick, John; Brick, James (1980).
1265:"5700/6700 - Monolithic Memories"
973: – or, as in the
900:(LSI, the predecessor to today's
647:Known bit-slice microprocessors:
1652:"Untwisted: Bit-sliced TEA time"
1174:"IMP-4 - National Semiconductor"
957:, which switch much faster than
246:Computer architecture bit widths
145:
45:
1623:Bit-Slice Microprocessor Design
1467:from the original on 2019-11-10
1437:from the original on 2016-08-09
1407:from the original on 2021-12-03
1399:[Integrated Circuits].
1377:from the original on 2018-07-18
1078:from the original on 2017-08-17
898:large-scale integrated circuits
673:family (1977, now discontinued)
566:. Recently it has been used in
115:You may also add the template
1:
1455:Salomon, Peter (2007-06-25).
1241:"6701 - The CPU Shack Museum"
1122:"3002 - The CPU Shack Museum"
1052:
980:
169:secondary or tertiary sources
1021:Bit-sliced quantum computers
559:of a given software design.
7:
1216:Walter de Gruyter & Co.
1097:"How to Create a 1-bit ALU"
1040:
786:M10800 family (1979), e.g.
10:
1712:
1397:"Integrierte Schaltkreise"
695:(1973), second-sourced by
79:Machine translation, like
26:This article is about the
25:
18:
1662:Tiny Encryption Algorithm
1582:10.1109/TASC.2015.2507125
742:Texas Instruments SN74181
736:Texas Instruments SBP0400
60:the corresponding article
1365:Mueller, Dieter (2012).
19:Not to be confused with
1686:Central processing unit
1047:Bit-serial architecture
885:(1979/1982), unreleased
545:central processing unit
126:For more guidance, see
1433:. Nuremberg, Germany.
1427:"Eastern Bloc DEC PDP"
1031:MIPS32 instruction set
1017:by using this method.
1000:SIMD within a register
809:
568:arithmetic logic units
470:Decimal floating-point
156:relies excessively on
1461:Robotrontechnik-Forum
1425:Oppelt, Dirk (2016).
1029:(proposed to run the
971:matrix transformation
823:SN54AS888 / SN74AS888
807:
611:arithmetic logic unit
407:Binary floating-point
128:Knowledge:Translation
99:copyright attribution
1343:The CPU Shack Museum
892:Historical necessity
32:bit plane separation
1681:Digital electronics
1597:Josephson junctions
1574:2016ITAS...2607125T
1533:Biham, Eli (1997).
1074:. Report 2013/445.
955:bipolar transistors
727:Monolithic Memories
586:Operational details
1401:robotrontechnik.de
1072:Cryptology Archive
821:Texas Instruments
816:Four-Phase Systems
810:
757:Texas Instruments
747:Texas Instruments
731:ITT Semiconductors
107:interlanguage link
1539:cs.technion.ac.il
1431:cpu-collection.de
1027:quantum computers
572:quantum computers
551:or "slice" of an
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1654:. Archived from
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1103:. Archived from
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1033:) a 50 GHz
1009:'s 1997 article
992:virtual machines
933:Motorola MC10800
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1629:. McGraw-Hill.
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1614:Further reading
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1107:on 2017-05-08.
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1510:"Bitslice DES"
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1656:the original
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1245:cpushack.com
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1230:(320 pages)
925:UNIVAC 1100
879: [
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642:control ROM
570:(ALUs) for
557:word-length
533:Bit slicing
372:Application
362:bit slicing
21:Bit-banding
1675:Categories
1544:2017-11-05
1519:2017-11-05
1495:2021-10-11
1471:2021-12-07
1441:2021-12-07
1411:2021-12-07
1381:2017-11-05
1348:2017-11-05
1339:"SN74S481"
1324:2021-05-24
1301:2017-11-05
1274:2017-11-05
1250:2017-11-05
1183:2017-11-05
1159:2021-10-11
1131:2017-11-05
1082:2019-12-28
1053:References
981:Modern use
975:Xerox Alto
655:Intel 3000
625:designs).
191:newspapers
158:references
67:(May 2017)
62:in Russian
1664:(TEA), a
1153:Signetics
1007:Eli Biham
769:Fairchild
708:National
701:National
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668:Signetics
659:Signetics
549:bit field
537:processor
473:precision
410:precision
121:talk page
36:Bit plane
28:processor
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1465:Archived
1435:Archived
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1371:6502.org
1076:Archived
1041:See also
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948:debugged
861:Synopsys
793:Raytheon
784:Motorola
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697:Rockwell
682:National
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619:overflow
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1570:Bibcode
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