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was overlapped by a resident male that occupied 337.5 acres (137 ha) during the same period. The average density of black-footed ferrets near
Meeteetse, Wyoming, is estimated at one black-footed ferret to 148 acres (60 ha). As of 1985, 40 to 60 black-footed ferrets occupied a total of 6,178 to 7,413 acres (2,500 to 3,000 ha) of white-tailed prairie dog habitat. From 1982 to 1984, the average year-round movement of 15 black-footed ferrets between white-tailed prairie dog colonies was 1.6 miles/night (2.5 km) (with a spread of 1.1 miles or 1.7 km). Movement of black-footed ferrets between prairie dog colonies is influenced by factors including breeding activity, season, sex, intraspecific territoriality, prey density, and expansion of home ranges with declining population density. Movements of black-footed ferrets have been shown to increase during the breeding season; however, snow-tracking from December to March over a 4-year period near Meeteetse, Wyoming, revealed that factors other than breeding were responsible for movement distances.
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824:, and cheatgrass. High densities of prairie dog burrows provide the greatest amount of cover for black-footed ferrets. Black-tailed prairie dog colonies contain a greater burrow density per acre than white-tailed prairie dog colonies, and may be more suitable for the recovery of black-footed ferrets. The type of prairie dog burrow may be important for occupancy by black-footed ferrets. Black-footed ferret litters near Meeteetse, Wyoming, were associated with mounded white-tailed prairie dog burrows, which are less common than non-mounded burrows. Mounded burrows contain multiple entrances and probably have a deep and extensive burrow system that protects kits. However, black-footed ferrets used non-mounded prairie dog burrows (64%) more often than mounded burrows (30%) near Meeteetse, Wyoming.
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other hand, the tribe was also contracted for the U.S. Forest
Service prairie dog poisoning program. The increasing numbers of ferrets led to conflicts between the tribe's Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe Game, Fish and Parks Department and the Tribal Land Enterprise Organization. When the federal government started an investigation of the tribe's prairie dog management program, threatening to prosecute tribal employees or agents carrying out the management plan in the ferret reintroduction area, the tribal council passed a resolution in 2008, asking the two federal agencies to remove ferrets, and reimburse the tribe for its expenses for the ferret recovery program.
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breeding and white-tailed prairie dogs emerged from hibernation. Nightly movement distance of 170 black-footed ferrets averaged 0.87 miles (1.40 km) (range 0.001 to 6.91 miles (0.0016 to 11.1206 kilometres)). Nightly activity areas of black-footed ferrets ranged from 1 to 337.5 acres (0 to 137 ha)), and were larger from
February to March (110.2 acres (45 ha)) than from December to January (33.6 acres (14 ha)). Adult females establish activity areas based on access to food for rearing young. Males establish activity areas to maximize access to females, resulting in larger activity areas than those of females.
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339:. The species appeared in the Great Basin and the Rockies by 750,000 years ago. The oldest recorded fossil find originates from Cathedral Cave, White Pine County, Nevada, and dates back 750,000 to 950,000 years ago. Prairie dog fossils have been found in six sites that yield ferrets, thus indicating that the association between the two species is an old one. Anecdotal observations and 42% of examined fossil records indicated that any substantial colony of medium- to large-sized colonial
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conservation of an endangered species in nature. The U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service, state and tribal agencies, private landowners, conservation groups, and North American zoos have actively reintroduced ferrets back into the wild since 1991. Beginning in Shirley Basin in Eastern Wyoming, reintroduction expanded to Montana, six sites in South Dakota in 1994, Arizona, Utah, Colorado, Saskatchewan, Canada and Chihuahua, Mexico. The
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ferret movements were nonlinear in character, probably to avoid predators. From
December to March over a 4-year study period, black-footed ferrets investigated 68 white-tailed prairie dog holes per 1 mile (1.6 km) of travel/night. Distance traveled between white-tailed prairie dog burrows from December to March averaged 74.2 feet (22.6 m) over 149 track routes.
347:, may provide a sufficient prey base and a source of burrows for black-footed ferrets. This suggests that the black-footed ferret and prairie dogs did not historically have an obligate predator–prey relationship. The species has likely always been rare, and the modern black-footed ferret represents a relict population. A reported occurrence of the species is from a late
409:, and its ears are triangular, short, erect and broad at the base. The neck is long and the legs short and stout. The toes are armed with sharp, very slightly arched claws. The feet on both surfaces are covered in hair, even to the soles, thus concealing the claws. It combines several physical features common in both members of the
512:. It is most active above ground from dusk to midnight and 4 am to mid-morning. Aboveground activity is greatest during late summer and early autumn when juveniles become independent. Climate generally does not limit black-footed ferret activity, but it may remain inactive inside burrows for up to 6 days at a time during winter.
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forward, we cannot wonder that many species have been entirely overlooked... The habits of this species resemble, as far as we have learned, those of . It feeds on birds, small reptiles and animals, eggs, and various insects, and is a bold and cunning foe to the rabbits, hares, grouse, and other game of our western regions.
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The contradictory mandates of the two federal agencies involved, the USFWS and the U.S. Forest
Service, are exemplified in what the Rosebud Sioux tribe experienced: The ferret was reintroduced by the USFWS, which according to the tribe promised to pay more than $ 1 million a year through 2010. On the
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As of 2013, about 1,200 ferrets are thought to live in the wild. These wild populations are possible due to the extensive breeding program that releases surplus animals to reintroduction sites, which are then monitored by USFWS biologists for health and growth. However, the species cannot depend just
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management efforts that allow access to prey resources at a wider region or actions that could substantially reduce the plague transmission. Implementing efforts to conserve large prairie dog landscapes and plague mitigation tools are very important in conserving the black-footed ferrets' population.
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It is with great pleasure that we introduce this handsome new species; ... inhabits the wooded parts of the country to the Rocky
Mountains, and perhaps is found beyond that range... When we consider the very rapid manner in which every expedition that has crossed the Rocky Mountains, has been pushed
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Female black-footed ferrets have smaller home ranges than males. Home ranges of males may sometimes include the home ranges of several females. Adult females usually occupy the same territory every year. A female that was tracked from
December to March occupied 39.5 acres (16 ha). Her territory
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Prey density may account for movement distances. Black-footed ferrets may travel up to 11 miles (18 km) to seek prey, suggesting that they will interchange freely among white-tailed prairie dog colonies that are less than 11 miles (18 km) apart. In areas of high prey density, black-footed
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resulted in its reintroduction into eight western US states, Canada, and Mexico from 1991 to 2009. As of 2015, over 200 mature individuals are in the wild across 18 populations, with four self-sustaining populations in South Dakota, Arizona, and
Wyoming. It was first listed as "endangered" in 1982,
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Historical habitats of the black-footed ferret included shortgrass prairie, mixed-grass prairie, desert grassland, shrub steppe, sagebrush steppe, mountain grassland, and semi-arid grassland. Black-footed ferrets use prairie dog burrows for raising young, avoiding predators, and thermal cover. Six
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lasting from 1.5 to 3.0 hours. Unlike other mustelids, the black-footed ferret is a habitat specialist with low reproductive rates. In captivity, gestation of black-footed ferrets lasts 42–45 days. Litter size ranges from one to five kits. Kits are born in May and June in prairie dog burrows. Kits
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Temperature is positively correlated with distance of black-footed ferret movement. Snow-tracking from
December to March over a 4-year period near Meeteetse, Wyoming, revealed that movement distances were shortest during winter and longest between February and April, when black-footed ferrets were
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Males measure 500–533 millimetres (19.7–21.0 in) in body length and 114–127 millimetres (4.5–5.0 in) in tail length, thus constituting 22–25% of its body length. Females are typically 10% smaller than males. It weighs 650–1,400 grams (1.43–3.09 lb). Captive-bred ferrets used for the
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featured a black-footed ferret on its "Data Federated Electronic Research Review Extraction and Tabulation Tool" or "Data FERRETT" web tool. This tool allowed researchers outside the government to extract unique, anonymized data from respondents to Census surveys, including the Current Population
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Conservation efforts have been opposed by stock growers and ranchers, who have traditionally fought prairie dogs. In 2005, the U.S. Forest Service began poisoning prairie dogs in private land buffer zones of the Conata Basin of Buffalo Gap National Grassland. Because 10–15 ranchers complained the
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Oil and natural gas exploration and extraction can have detrimental impacts on prairie dogs and black-footed ferrets. Seismic activity collapses prairie dog burrows. Other problems include potential leaks and spills, increased roads and fences, increased vehicle traffic and human presence, and an
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A study published in 1983 modeling metabolizable energy requirements estimated that one adult female black-footed ferret and her litter require about 474 to 1,421 black-tailed prairie dogs per year or 412 to 1,236 white-tailed prairie dogs per year for sustenance. They concluded that this dietary
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and are raised by their mother for several months after birth. Kits first emerge above ground in July, at 6 weeks old. They are then separated into individual prairie dog burrows around their mother's burrow. Kits reach adult weight and become independent several months following birth, from late
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a female named Willa, who died in the mid-1980s and left no living descendants. Her clone, a female named Elizabeth Ann, was born on December 10, 2020, making her the first North American endangered species to be cloned. Scientists hope that the contribution of this individual will alleviate the
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breeding for future survival, as reproductive traits such as pregnancy rate and normal sperm motility and morphology have been steadily declining with time in captivity. These declining markers of individual and population health are thought to be due to increased inbreeding, an occurrence often
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Primary causes of mortality include habitat loss, human-introduced diseases, and indirect poisoning from prairie dog control measures. Annual mortality of juvenile and adult black-footed ferrets over a 4-year period ranged from 59 to 83% (128 individuals) near Meeteetse, Wyoming. During fall and
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Intercolony dispersal of juvenile black-footed ferrets occurs several months after birth, from early September to early November. Dispersal distances may be short or long. Near Meeteetse, Wyoming, 9 juvenile males and three juvenile females dispersed 1 to 4 mi (1.6 to 6.4 km) following
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region are sooty-black. The area midway between the front and back legs is marked by a large patch of dark umber-brown, which fades into the buffy surrounding parts. A small spot occurs over each eye, with a narrow band behind the black mask. The sides of the head and the ears are dirty-white in
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introduced into North America, also contributed to the prairie dog die-off, though ferret numbers declined proportionately more than their prey, thus indicating other factors may have been responsible. Plague was first detected in South Dakota in a coyote in 2004, and then in about 50,000 acres
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breeding and then reintroduction into its native range. As such, this sole endemic North American ferret allows examining the impact of a severe genetic restriction on subsequent biological form and function, especially on reproductive traits and success. The black-footed ferret was listed as
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counted a population of 223 in one area of Wyoming (the original number of reintroduced ferrets, most of which died, was 228), and an annual growth rate of 35% from 2003 to 2006 was estimated. This rate of recovery is much faster than for many endangered species, and the ferret seems to have
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in 2006–2007. Nevertheless, plague was proven in ferrets in May 2008. Since then each year 12,000 acres (4,900 ha) of their Conata Basin habitat is dusted and about 50–150 ferrets are immunized with plague vaccine. Ferrets are unlikely to persist through plague episodes unless there are
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The black-footed ferret is an example of a species that benefits from strong reproductive science. A captive-breeding program was initiated in 1987, capturing 18 living individuals and using artificial insemination. This is one of the first examples of assisted reproduction contributing to
1035:, revealed low levels of genetic variation. Canine distemper devastated the Meeteetse ferret population in 1985. A live virus vaccine originally made for domestic ferrets killed large numbers of black-footed ferrets, thus indicating that the species is especially susceptible to distemper.
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The base color is pale yellowish or buffy above and below. The top of the head and sometimes the neck is clouded by dark-tipped hairs. The face is crossed by a broad band of sooty black, which includes the eyes. The feet, lower parts of the legs, the tip of the tail and the
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endangered by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) in 1967. Declared extinct in 1979, a residual wild population was discovered in Meeteetse, Wyoming, in 1981. This cohort eventually grew to 130 individuals and was then nearly extirpated by sylvatic plague,
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having received 86 ferret skins from Pratt, Chouteau, and Company of St. Louis in the late 1830s. During the early years of predator control, black-footed ferret carcasses were likely discarded, as their fur was of low value. This likely continued after the passing of the
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winter, 50–70% of juveniles and older animals perish. Average lifespan in the wild is probably only one year, but may be up to five years. Males have higher rates of mortality than females because of longer dispersal distances when they are most vulnerable to predators.
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Santymire, R. M.; Lonsdorf, E. V.; Lynch, C. M.; Wildt, D. E.; Marinari, P. E.; Kreeger, J. S.; Howard, J. G. (2019). "Inbreeding causes decreased seminal quality affecting pregnancy and litter size in the endangered black-footed ferret".
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Santymire, R. M.; Lonsdorf, E. V.; Lynch, C. M.; Wildt, D. E.; Marinari, P. E.; Kreeger, J. S.; Howard, J. G. (2019). "Inbreeding causes decreased seminal quality affecting pregnancy and litter size in the endangered black-footed ferret".
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requirement would require protection of 91 to 235 acres (37 to 95 ha) of black-tailed prairie dog habitat or 413 to 877 acres (167 to 355 ha) of white-tailed prairie dog habitat for each female black-footed ferret with a litter.
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prevailed over the previous problems of disease and prey shortage that hampered its improvement. As of 2007, the total wild population of black-footed ferrets in the U.S. was well over 650 individuals, plus 250 in captivity. In 2008, the
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encounter each other, the male sniffs the genital region of the female, but does not mount her until after a few hours have elapsed, which is contrast to the more violent behavior displayed by the male European polecat. During
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Given an obligate dependence of black-footed ferrets on prairie dogs, black-footed ferrets are extremely vulnerable to prairie dog habitat loss. Habitat loss results from agriculture, livestock use, and other development.
1001:, for fear of reprisals. The large drop in black-footed ferret numbers began during the 1800s through to the 1900s, as prairie dog numbers declined because of control programs and the conversion of prairies to croplands.
428:(European and steppe polecats). Its skull resembles that of polecats in its size, massiveness and the development of its ridges and depressions, though it is distinguished by the extreme degree of constriction behind the
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and were forced to find alternative prey when white-tailed prairie dogs entered their four-month hibernation cycle. In Wyoming, alternative prey items consumed during white-tailed prairie dog hibernation included voles
2000:
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In Mellette County, South Dakota, black-tailed prairie dog remains occurred in 91% of 82 black-footed ferret scats. Mouse remains occurred in 26% of scats. Mouse remains could not be identified to species; however,
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show aspects of the tightly controlled breeding. In May 2000, the Canadian Species at Risk Act listed the black-footed ferret as being an extirpated species in Canada. A population of 35 animals was released into
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reclassified the species as "globally endangered", a substantial improvement since the 1996 assessment, when it was considered extinct in the wild, as the species was indeed only surviving in captivity. In 2016,
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O'Brien, S. J.; Roelke, M. E.; Marker, L.; Newman, A.; Winkler, C. A.; Meltzer, D.; Colly, L.; Evermann, J. F.; Bush, M.; Wildt, D. E. (March 22, 1985). "Genetic basis for species vulnerability in the cheetah".
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effects of inbreeding and help black-footed ferrets better cope with plague. Experts estimate that this female's genome contains three times as much genetic diversity as any of the modern black-footed ferrets.
860:. A short-term vaccine for canine distemper is available for captive black-footed ferrets, but no protection is available for young born in the wild. Black-footed ferrets are also susceptible to rabies,
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467:. The only noticeable differences between the black-footed ferret and the steppe polecat are the former's much shorter and coarser fur, larger ears, and longer post molar extension of the palate.
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Forrest, Steven C.; Biggins, Dean E.; Richardson, Louise; Clark, Tim W.; Campbell, Thomas M. III; Fagerstone, Kathleen A.; Thorne, E. (1988). "Population attributes for the black-footed ferret (
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The black-footed ferret has a long, slender body with black outlines on its paws, ears, parts of its face and its tail. The forehead is arched and broad, and the muzzle is short. It has few
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breeding program. Seven of those 18 animals produced offspring that survived and reproduced, and with currently living descendants, are the ancestors of all black-footed ferrets now in the
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Roelke, Melody E.; Martenson, Janice S.; O'Brien, Stephen J. (June 1, 1993). "The consequences of demographic reduction and genetic depletion in the endangered Florida panther".
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Antonelli, T.S.; Leischner, C.L.; Ososky, J.J.; Hartstone-Rose, A. (January 2016). "The effect of captivity on the oral health of the critically endangered black-footed ferret (
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is much closer in conformation to weasels and stoats. The dentition of the black-footed ferret closely resembles that of the European and steppe polecat, though the back lower
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on October 2, 2009, and a litter of newborn kits was observed in July 2010. Reintroduction sites have experienced multiple years of reproduction from released individuals.
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Based on 86 black-footed ferret scats found near Meeteetse, Wyoming, 87% of their diet was composed of white-tailed prairie dogs. Other food items included deer mice,
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Shoemaker, Kevin T.; Lacy, Robert C.; Verant, Michelle L.; Brook, Barry W.; Livieri, Travis M.; Miller, Philip S.; Fordham, Damien A.; Akçakaya, H. Resit (2014).
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1124:. In September 2006, South Dakota's ferret population was estimated to be around 420, with 250 (100 breeding adults consisting of 67 females and 33 males) in
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The black-footed ferret was first listed as endangered in 1967 under the Endangered Species Preservation Act, and was re-listed on January 4, 1974, under the
594:. Their diet varies depending on geographic location. In western Colorado, Utah, Wyoming, and Montana, black-footed ferrets are historically associated with
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544:, based on data collected from home range sizes, skewed sex ratios, and sexual dimorphism. Mating occurs in February and March. When a male and female in
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reintroduction projects were found to be smaller than their wild counterparts, though these animals rapidly attained historical body sizes once released.
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2280:, In: Endangered Species Program. Pierre, SD: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Mountain-Prairie Region, South Dakota Ecological Services Field Office
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1074:, with eventually 18 animals remaining. These survivors were captured from 1985 to 1987 to serve as the foundation for the black-footed ferret
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2013:
Wisely, Samantha M.; Santymire, Rachel M.; Livieri, Travis M.; Marinari, Paul E.; Kreeger, Julie S.; Wildt, David E.; Howard, Jogayle (2005).
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Hillman, Conrad N. 1968. Life history and ecology of the black-footed ferret in the wild. Brookings, SD: South Dakota State University. Thesis
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by the greater contrast between its dark limbs and pale body and the shorter length of its black tail-tip. In contrast, differences from the
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2500:"Effects of prey metapopulation structure on the viability of black-footed ferrets in plague-impacted landscapes: a metamodelling approach"
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in Nebraska, against opinions of biologists in the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Following exposure by conservation groups including the
1187:, then Undersecretary of Agriculture, expanded its "prairie-dog management" in September 2006 to all of South Dakota's Buffalo Gap and the
2003:. pp. 9397. In Eighth Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop, USDA Forest Service Gen. Tech. Rpt. RM-154, Rapid City, South Dakota.
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ferret population was well over 100 and a second reintroduction site with around 50 animals is used. An August 2007 report in the journal
736:. As of 2007, the only known wild black-footed ferret population was located on approximately 6,000 acres (2,400 hectares) in the western
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The reproductive physiology of the black-footed ferret is similar to that of the European polecat and the steppe polecat. It is probably
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litter breakup. Four juvenile females dispersed a short distance (<0.2 mi (0.32 km)), but remained on their natal area.
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Although similar in size to polecats, its attenuate body, long neck, very short legs, slim tail, large orbicular ears and close-set
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1128:, which is 100,000 acres (40,000 ha), less than 3% of the public grasslands in South Dakota, 70 miles (110 km) east of
289:
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Stromberg, Mark R.; Rayburn, R. Lee; Clark, Tim W. (1983). "Black-footed ferret prey requirements: an energy balance estimate".
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The black-footed ferret experienced a recent population bottleneck in the wild followed by a more than 30-year recovery through
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The historical range of the black-footed ferret was closely correlated with, but not restricted to, the range of prairie dogs (
3314:. U.S. Dept. Of Agriculture. Division of Ornithology and Mammalogy. North American fauna no.11. Washington: Govt. Print. Off.
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Richardson, Louise; Clark, Tim W.; Forrest, Steven C.; Campbell, Thomas M. (1987). "Winter ecology of black-footed ferrets (
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617:. Because black-tailed prairie dogs do not hibernate, little seasonal change in black-footed ferret diet is necessary.
273:. It is largely nocturnal and solitary, except when breeding or raising litters. Up to 90% of its diet is composed of
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Wildt, David E.; Wemmer, Christen (July 1999). "Sex and wildlife: the role of reproductive science in conservation".
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The species declined throughout the 20th century, primarily as a result of decreases in prairie dog populations and
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2015:"Environment influences morphology and development for in situ and ex situ populations of the black-footed ferret (
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Heptner, V. G. (Vladimir Georgievich); Nasimovich, A. A; Bannikov, Andrei Grigorovich; Hoffmann, Robert S. (2001).
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Volume: v. 2, pt. 1b. Washington, D.C. : Smithsonian Institution Libraries and National Science Foundation.
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and national media public outcry and a lawsuit mobilized federal officials, and the poisoning plan was revoked.
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Elizabeth Ann, the first cloned black-footed ferret and first-ever cloned U.S. endangered species, 54 days old
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317:), the black-footed ferret represents a more progressive form than the European polecat in the direction of
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944:, used black-footed ferrets for religious rites and for food. The species was not encountered during the
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Owen, Pamela R.; Bell, Christopher J. (2000). "Fossils, diet, and conservation of black-footed ferrets (
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in 2005. Thereafter 7,000 acres (2,800 ha) of prairie dog colonies were treated with insecticide (
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327:(from which the European and steppe polecats are also derived), which originated in Europe during the
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1580:"Habitat suitability index model for the black-footed ferret: a method to locate transplant sites"
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748:. Since 1990, black-footed ferrets have been reintroduced to the following sites: Shirley Basin,
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then listed as "extinct in the wild" in 1996 before being upgraded back to "endangered" in the
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2458:"Black-footed ferrets were nearly extinct. Here's how landowners want to help bring them back"
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331:. Molecular evidence indicates that the steppe polecat and black-footed ferret diverged from
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Black-footed ferrets are susceptible to numerous diseases. They are fatally susceptible to
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1810:"Elizabeth Ann the Black-Footed Ferret Is the First-Ever Cloned Endangered U.S. Species"
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Skeletons of black-footed ferret (left) and prairie dog (right) articulated to show the
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Like its close relative, the Asian steppe polecat (with which it was once thought to be
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4843:
4228:
4164:
3841:
3736:
3620:
2968:
2832:
2702:
2629:
2423:
2348:
2247:
2049:
1937:
1881:
1873:
1693:
1655:
1318:
1032:
957:
953:
670:
575:
328:
285:
216:
203:
86:
1288:
Animated GIF of a ferret typing at a computer for Census Bureau Data Ferrett web tool.
9584:
9510:
9334:
8895:
8812:
8592:
8088:
8055:
6979:
6486:
6208:
5990:
5844:
5718:
5602:
4955:
4785:
4743:
4690:
4470:
4452:
4210:
3560:
3351:
3343:
3294:
3275:
3249:
3012:
2960:
2956:
2485:. Final Report to South Dakota Game, Fish & Parks, 2012 Wildlife Diversity Grant.
2415:
1530:
1422:
1153:
870:), and epidemics in prairie dog towns may completely destroy the ferrets' prey base.
805:
3380:
2972:
2633:
2427:
2053:
1885:
816:
black-footed ferret nests found near Mellette County, South Dakota, were lined with
504:
The black-footed ferret is solitary, except when breeding or raising litters. It is
284:. It was declared extinct in 1979, but a residual wild population was discovered in
9569:
9339:
9174:
9007:
8285:
7715:
7005:
6787:
6537:
5727:
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5410:
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4776:
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3004:
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2405:
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2311:
2303:
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2091:
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1927:
1865:
1647:
1440:
1231:
898:
878:
662:
498:
456:
452:
266:
2483:
Assessing the risk of plague to black-footed ferrets in Conata Basin, South Dakota
1094:
has bred hundreds, most of which were released into the wild. Several episodes of
1031:
may have also contributed to the decline, as studies on black-footed ferrets from
9541:
9192:
9183:
9111:
9066:
8728:
8678:
8669:
8544:
8490:
8434:
8303:
8276:
8169:
7987:
7946:
7911:
7656:
6719:
6432:
6399:
6390:
5897:
5635:
5084:
4534:
4461:
4419:
4155:
3960:
3894:
3871:
3625:
3565:
3555:
3540:
3505:
3438:
3408:
3387:
3049:
1336:
The Worse Things Get, the Harder I Fight, the Harder I Fight, the More I Love You
1064:
1004:
909:
increased number of raptor perching sites on power poles. Traps set for coyotes,
886:
866:
857:
476:
429:
340:
281:
9463:
956:, and it did not become known to modern science until it was first described in
9165:
9084:
8886:
8633:
8526:
8499:
7552:
7169:
6769:
6633:
6316:
5853:
5835:
5766:
5377:
5368:
4970:
4931:
3885:
3797:
3575:
3550:
2410:
1421:
Belant, J.; Biggins, D.; Garelle, D.; Griebel, R.G. & Hughes, J.P. (2015).
949:
894:
849:
821:
737:
677:
613:
spp.) found near streams. In South Dakota, black-footed ferrets associate with
554:
463:
of Asia are slight, to the point where the two species were once thought to be
460:
399:
270:
3063:"A black-footed ferret has been cloned, a first for a U.S. endangered species"
2625:
2389:
Williams, E.S.; D.R. Kwiatkowski; E.T. Thorne & A. Boerger-Fields (1994).
2096:
2079:
2045:
1116:
Ferret kit at the National Black-footed Ferret Conservation Center in Colorado
493:
9558:
9445:
9261:
9129:
9025:
8998:
8624:
8322:
8267:
7789:
7733:
7474:
7115:
6570:
6132:
5297:
5264:
5066:
5057:
4994:
4894:
4852:
4704:
4297:
3610:
3585:
3520:
3355:
3347:
2541:"An invisible enemy: the battle to save black-footed ferrets from the plague"
1431:
1420:
1308:
1296:
1222:
have teamed up to clone a black-footed ferret. In 2020, a team of scientists
1149:
941:
910:
845:
785:
448:
440:
294:
59:
5754:
5566:
3008:
2655:
2524:
2499:
1753:
1202:
9424:
9156:
9102:
8803:
8571:
8517:
8294:
8193:
7748:
7724:
7543:
7534:
7354:
7321:
7244:
7205:
6615:
6597:
6459:
6331:
5790:
5191:
5154:
5039:
5021:
4434:
4380:
4306:
3984:
3728:
3545:
3530:
3412:
2964:
2732:
1304:
1106:
961:
874:
781:
721:
532:
417:
360:
207:
3270:
Feldhamer, George A.; Thompson, Bruce Carlyle; Chapman, Joseph A. (2003).
3016:
2419:
2307:
1179:
found with small populations or ones that spend a long time in captivity.
394:
9484:
9393:
9270:
8770:
7961:
7878:
7851:
7600:
7514:
7446:
7372:
7363:
7330:
7288:
7253:
6970:
6863:
6695:
6235:
6147:
6055:
5700:
5273:
5093:
4758:
4672:
4655:
4632:
4595:
4479:
4443:
4288:
4077:
3932:
3811:
1230:
In the year 2020, black-footed ferrets were used to test an experimental
1163:
1096:
1091:
925:
681:
666:
646:
587:
580:
464:
368:
356:
314:
274:
9349:
9313:
1697:
9385:
8979:
8225:
8156:
8143:
8110:
7896:
7634:
7394:
6942:
6919:
6805:
6796:
6745:
6710:
6686:
6450:
6349:
6298:
6244:
6226:
6199:
6106:
6056:
5455:
5428:
5356:
5339:
5102:
5075:
4921:
4825:
4809:
4645:
4525:
4365:
4201:
4068:
3860:
3828:
3812:
2352:
2251:
1941:
1877:
1659:
729:
638:
591:
255:
153:
2921:
2587:
2316:
2289:
1496:
1043:
9398:
8910:
8845:
8458:
8398:
8184:
8005:
7620:
7612:
7561:
7411:
7297:
7279:
6993:
6827:
6660:
6502:
6468:
6280:
5972:
5246:
4716:
4192:
3760:
3674:
3369:
2365:
1330:
1017:
989:
929:
861:
741:
625:
559:
505:
444:
432:
where the width of the cranium is much less than that of the muzzle.
348:
318:
143:
103:
30:
9232:
3272:
Wild mammals of North America: biology, management, and conservation
2344:
2243:
1932:
1915:
1651:
590:. The remaining 10% of their diet is composed of small rodents, and
9255:
8607:
8070:
7887:
7863:
7224:
7074:
7020:
6956:
6951:
6904:
6836:
6754:
6624:
6373:
6364:
6262:
6217:
6097:
5930:
5667:
5576:
5545:
5505:
5392:
5324:
5232:
5223:
4543:
4339:
4092:
3975:
3942:
3791:
3779:
3633:
2828:"Call It a Comeback: Ferret Population Shows Big Growth in Wyoming"
2758:
1184:
937:
864:, and human influenza. They can directly contract sylvatic plague (
797:
601:
410:
336:
123:
3445:
Smithsonian Institution – North American Mammals: Mustela nigripes
3124:"Endangered ferrets get experimental COVID-19 vaccine in Colorado"
1752:. Black-footed Ferret Recovery Implementation Team. Archived from
649:
were captured in snap-trap surveys. Potential prey items included
563:
August to October. Sexual maturity occurs at the age of one year.
379:
8989:
8836:
8710:
8425:
7937:
7267:
6733:
6289:
6253:
6120:
6088:
6072:
5585:
5288:
4867:
4348:
4255:
4173:
4101:
4043:
4020:
3913:
3601:
3496:
1223:
853:
789:
761:
749:
745:
733:
717:
406:
298:
3336:
Clark, Tim W. (June 1983). "Last of the Black-footed Ferrets?".
9362:
9298:
9093:
9040:
8785:
8473:
8207:
6927:
6588:
6423:
6180:
5617:
4389:
4315:
4264:
4246:
4219:
4140:
4002:
3785:
3773:
3480:
2158:"Restoring balance between the endangered black-footed ferret (
890:
882:
553:, the male grasps the female by the nape of the neck, with the
545:
509:
436:
364:
163:
133:
113:
2012:
1633:
1214:
Employees of the San Diego Zoo, the conservation organization
9536:
9075:
8934:
8877:
8750:
8553:
8410:
8037:
8019:
7642:
7312:
6561:
6546:
5207:
4498:
3993:
3580:
3262:
Fur-bearing Animals: A Monograph of North American Mustelidae
3230:
2985:
2225:
1284:
933:
725:
421:
76:
70:
3209:"Did the U.S. Government Make the Greatest GIF of All Time?"
8449:
7345:
6670:
6606:
4279:
4011:
3869:
2898:
2564:
2162:) and human use of the Great Plains and Intermountain West"
1870:
10.1644/1545-1542(2000)081<0422:FDACOB>2.0.CO;2
1682:"Some guidelines for management of the black-footed ferret"
1158:
801:
586:
Up to 90% of the black-footed ferret's diet is composed of
262:
3449:
2934:
988:
For a time, the black-footed ferret was harvested for the
6579:
6188:
4516:
2273:
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. (1988). Species account:
1267:
any relevant information into other sections or articles.
1140:, 130 ferrets northeast of Eagle Butte, South Dakota, on
455:
which are more apparent in polecats. It differs from the
3428:
Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada
3370:
Black-footed Ferret Recovery Implementation Team website
3269:
2497:
2001:
Historical and present status of the black-footed ferret
508:
and primarily hunts for sleeping prairie dogs in their
3094:"Endangered ferrets get experimental COVID-19 vaccine"
3091:
1183:
measure was inadequate, the forest service advised by
2330:
321:. The black-footed ferret's most likely ancestor was
7410:
4806:
3630:
1578:
Houston, B. R.; Clark, Tim W.; Minta, S. C. (1986).
335:
between 500,000 and 2,000,000 years ago, perhaps in
288:
in 1981. A captive-breeding program launched by the
1292:In 2023, the black-footed ferret was featured on a
913:, and other animals may harm black-footed ferrets.
1038:
451:which is too small and weak to develop the little
2368:"Black-footed Ferret. Frequently Asked Questions"
1577:
708:Head of a black-footed ferret by Carol Snow, 1972
692:. Water is obtained through consumption of prey.
261:The Black-footed ferret is roughly the size of a
9556:
5206:
3441:Black-footed Ferret National Conservation Center
3419:U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service Species Profile
3396:Black-Footed Ferret Recovery – At the Crossroads
3180:"DATA FERRETT For the Current Population Survey"
297:in 2008. In February 2021, the first successful
3342:. Vol. 163, no. 6. pp. 828–838.
1999:Biggins, Dean E. and Max H. Schroeder. (1988).
1313:. The stamp was dedicated at a ceremony at the
794:Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife Refuge
527:
3247:
3154:"Postal Service Spotlights Endangered Species"
2799:"Once rare black-footed ferrets make comeback"
2443:
1954:
1446:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T14020A45200314.en
1197:Climate, Community & Biodiversity Alliance
6070:
3911:
3744:
3465:
2169:Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences
1218:, the ViaGen Pets and Equine Company and the
3758:
2678:"Toronto Zoo > Conservation > Mammals"
1913:
3424:COSEWIC Status report – Black-footed ferret
3248:Audubon, John James; Bachman, John (1851).
3189:. United States Census Bureau. October 2010
2648:"Black-footed Ferret Recovery – A Timeline"
2603:
2366:Parks Canada Agency, Government of Canada.
699:
363:, Alberta. Fossils have also been found in
3931:
3751:
3737:
3472:
3458:
3043:Rosebud tribe tells feds to remove ferrets
2729:"Black-footed ferret back on prairie turf"
1995:
1993:
1914:Hillman, Conrad N.; Clark, Tim W. (1980).
873:Predators of black-footed ferrets include
48:
29:
8154:
4643:
3826:
3319:
2523:
2409:
2315:
2095:
1931:
1804:
1802:
1777:"Rare U.S. ferret marks 30-year comeback"
1444:
301:of a black-footed ferret, a female named
6500:
3311:Synopsis of the weasels of North America
2825:
2599:
2597:
1851:
1774:
1506:Global Biodiversity Information Facility
1283:
1201:
1111:
1042:
800:; Coyote Basin, straddling Colorado and
716:spp.). Its range extended from southern
703:
619:
574:
531:
492:
393:
389:Synopsis of the weasels of North America
378:
5574:
4337:
3858:
3307:
3092:Pappas-Live, Stephanie (January 2021).
2790:
2755:"Black-footed ferrets breeding in Sask"
2699:"Species at Risk – Black-footed Ferret"
2455:
2439:
2437:
2221:
2219:
2217:
2120:National Parks Conservation Association
1990:
1984:
1965:
1963:
1476:Integrated Taxonomic Information System
1399:United States Department of Agriculture
488:
483:
290:United States Fish and Wildlife Service
9557:
8667:
6903:
3288:
3254:. Vol. 2. New York, V.G. Audubon.
2821:
2819:
2538:
2269:
2267:
2265:
2263:
2261:
2215:
2213:
2211:
2209:
2207:
2205:
2203:
2201:
2199:
2197:
2151:
2149:
2147:
2145:
2143:
2141:
2073:
2071:
2069:
2067:
2065:
2063:
1909:
1907:
1905:
1903:
1901:
1899:
1897:
1895:
1847:
1845:
1836:
1799:
1731:
1729:
1727:
1629:
1627:
1625:
1623:
1621:
1619:
1617:
1573:
1525:
1523:
1416:
1414:
1412:
1410:
966:Viviparous Quadrupeds of North America
9237:
9236:
8141:
7598:
6902:
6054:
5189:
4630:
3810:
3732:
3453:
3335:
3258:
2594:
2493:
2491:
2230:) at Meeteetse, Wyoming, 1981–1985".
2155:
2077:
1980:
1978:
1969:
1725:
1723:
1721:
1719:
1717:
1715:
1713:
1711:
1709:
1707:
1679:
1675:
1673:
1671:
1669:
1615:
1613:
1611:
1609:
1607:
1605:
1603:
1601:
1599:
1597:
1571:
1569:
1567:
1565:
1563:
1561:
1559:
1557:
1555:
1553:
1544:
1339:, is about the Black-footed Ferret.
1237:
3291:Pleistocene mammals of North America
3134:from the original on January 5, 2022
3104:from the original on January 3, 2021
2539:Fritts, Rachel (September 7, 2020).
2456:Delgado, Anton L. (August 4, 2021).
2434:
1960:
1948:
1832:
1830:
1241:
1012:(20,000 ha) of prairie dogs on
265:and is similar in appearance to the
5121:South African small-spotted genet (
3069:. February 18, 2021. Archived from
2826:Fountain, Henry (August 14, 2007).
2816:
2796:
2781:"South Dakota a ferret focal point"
2324:
2258:
2194:
2138:
2060:
1892:
1842:
1538:
1520:
1432:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
1407:
13:
3402:Q&A about their reintroduction
3329:
2779:Harlan, Bill (September 24, 2006).
2488:
1975:
1704:
1666:
1594:
1550:
1315:National Grasslands Visitor Center
776:, Wind Cave National Park and the
355:, and it is further recorded from
14:
9626:
5465:Broad-striped Malagasy mongoose (
3363:
2391:"Plague in a black-footed ferret"
1827:
1329:The song "Yon Ferrets Return" by
1258:list of miscellaneous information
1142:Cheyenne River Indian Reservation
497:Black-footed ferret performing a
258:native to central North America.
9605:Taxa named by John James Audubon
9565:IUCN Red List endangered species
5190:
3713:
3712:
3703:
3702:
3391:Arizona Game and Fish Department
1386: This article incorporates
1381:
1349:
1303:set, based on a photograph from
1246:
778:Cheyenne River Sioux Reservation
754:UL Bend National Wildlife Refuge
305:, was introduced to the public.
90:
7599:
4631:
3381:Black-footed Ferrets in Arizona
3251:The quadrupeds of North America
3241:
3223:
3201:
3172:
3146:
3116:
3085:
3055:
3052:. Aberdeen News, March 14, 2008
3036:
3023:
2979:
2928:
2892:
2872:
2847:
2773:
2747:
2721:
2691:
2670:
2640:
2558:
2532:
2481:Livieri T.M. (April 28, 2013).
2475:
2449:
2382:
2359:
2283:
2104:
2006:
1768:
1738:
1640:The American Midland Naturalist
1047:Ferret in the wild, July 2008,
1039:Reintroduction and conservation
758:Fort Belknap Indian Reservation
651:thirteen-lined ground squirrels
628:relationship between the two. (
8142:
3685:Cultural depictions of weasels
3372:, from a team led by the USFWS
3308:Merriam, Clinton Hart (1896).
2797:Fox, Maggie (August 9, 2007).
2333:Journal of Wildlife Management
1686:Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs
1584:Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs
1501:(Audubon & Bachman, 1851)"
1489:
1460:
1220:U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
1189:Fort Pierre National Grassland
1144:, and about 40 ferrets on the
1134:Buffalo Gap National Grassland
1068:, and canine distemper virus,
999:Endangered Species Act of 1973
774:Buffalo Gap National Grassland
374:
1:
4877:Malabar large-spotted civet (
3321:2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t3tt4h07f
3293:. Columbia University Press.
3265:. Government Printing Office.
3029:CNN Broken government series
2705:. May 8, 2006. Archived from
2606:Biodiversity and Conservation
1342:
345:Richardson's ground squirrels
9590:Fauna of the Rocky Mountains
9575:Mammals of the United States
9139:Indonesian mountain weasel (
8795:North American river otter (
7683:Humboldt's hog-nosed skunk (
4737:Macrogalidia musschenbroekii
3158:United States Postal Service
2957:10.1016/0960-9822(93)90197-V
2398:Journal of Wildlife Diseases
2175:(4): 168–173. Archived from
1472:(Audubon and Bachman, 1851)"
1294:United States Postal Service
827:
579:Black-footed ferret chasing
528:Reproduction and development
308:
7:
6000:Somalian slender mongoose (
3479:
2296:Canadian Journal of Zoology
1532:Mammals of the Soviet Union
398:Black-footed ferret at the
10:
9631:
9610:Taxa named by John Bachman
8953:Asian small-clawed otter (
7692:American hog-nosed skunk (
7674:Molina's hog-nosed skunk (
5982:Angolan slender mongoose (
5677:Ethiopian dwarf mongoose (
4726:Small-toothed palm civet (
3718:Category:Fictional weasels
3536:Indonesian mountain weasel
3437:February 15, 2013, at the
3048:December 14, 2013, at the
2855:"NatureServe Explorer 2.0"
2504:Journal of Applied Ecology
2444:Audubon & Bachman 1851
2411:10.7589/0090-3558-30.4.581
1955:Audubon & Bachman 1851
1638:) at Meeteetse, Wyoming".
1146:Rosebud Indian Reservation
983:
978:Audubon and Bachman (1851)
946:Lewis and Clark Expedition
916:
9595:Mammals described in 1851
9245:
9038:
8987:
8978:
8932:
8908:
8875:
8858:
8834:
8783:
8766:
8749:
8720:Saharan striped polecat (
8708:
8691:
8650:
8605:
8588:
8579:
8570:
8471:
8447:
8423:
8406:
8397:
8320:
8265:
8223:
8206:
8182:
8165:
8150:
8137:
8109:
8068:
8035:
8018:
7959:
7909:
7876:
7859:
7850:
7787:
7746:
7713:
7701:Striped hog-nosed skunk (
7654:
7633:
7611:
7607:
7594:
7530:
7513:
7472:
7444:
7432:Mediterranean monk seal (
7427:
7393:
7343:
7310:
7275:
7266:
7240:
7223:
7204:
7161:Juan Fernández fur seal (
7125:South American fur seal (
7113:
7096:
7072:
7060:South American sea lion (
7055:
7018:
7001:
6992:
6968:
6940:
6918:
6914:
6898:
6862:
6835:
6826:
6767:
6741:
6732:
6708:
6684:
6669:
6658:
6559:
6533:
6485:
6442:South American gray fox (
6412:
6386:
6362:
6345:
6330:
6315:
6178:
6145:
6128:
6119:
6086:
6066:
6050:
6018:Common slender mongoose (
5970:
5928:
5884:
5788:
5762:
5753:
5698:
5665:
5648:
5615:
5598:
5565:
5544:
5503:
5491:Narrow-striped mongoose (
5486:
5453:
5436:
5427:
5390:
5364:
5355:
5338:
5322:
5286:
5260:
5245:
5221:
5202:
5198:
5185:
5153:
5149:
5013:Crested servaline genet (
4968:
4929:
4920:
4865:
4839:
4824:
4802:
4756:
4712:
4703:
4654:
4639:
4626:
4594:
4496:
4432:
4415:
4406:
4378:
4361:
4328:
4277:
4190:
4153:
4136:
4127:
4090:
4066:
4057:
4041:
3973:
3940:
3927:
3907:
3854:
3837:
3822:
3806:
3768:
3698:
3667:
3646:
3599:
3494:
3487:
3386:January 21, 2013, at the
3376:Black-footed Ferret Video
3231:"Welcome home, Blackfeet"
2097:10.1017/S0030605300013727
2080:"The black-footed ferret"
2046:10.1017/S1367943005002283
1193:Oglala National Grassland
1126:Eagle Butte, South Dakota
1086:(about 300) populations.
643:northern grasshopper mice
615:black-tailed prairie dogs
596:white-tailed prairie dogs
383:Skull, as illustrated in
359:deposits in Nebraska and
228:Audubon and Bachman, 1851
222:
215:
192:
185:
87:Scientific classification
85:
68:
46:
37:
28:
23:
9076:Stoat/Beringian ermine (
8944:African clawless otter (
8696:African striped weasel (
8509:Yellow-throated marten (
8385:Formosan ferret-badger (
8089:Western mountain coati (
8080:Eastern mountain coati (
7997:Western lowland olingo (
7979:Eastern lowland olingo (
7807:Southern spotted skunk (
7501:Southern elephant seal (
7492:Northern elephant seal (
7282:Pagophilus groenlandicus
6059:("dog-like" carnivorans)
5872:Stripe-necked mongoose (
5493:Mungotictis decemlineata
4368:Herpailurus yagouaroundi
3815:("cat-like" carnivorans)
2859:explorer.natureserve.org
1376:
1255:This article contains a
1130:Rapid City, South Dakota
1103:Grasslands National Park
810:Grasslands National Park
700:Distribution and habitat
690:white-tailed jackrabbits
536:Black-footed ferret kits
9121:Yellow-bellied weasel (
8376:Burmese ferret-badger (
8358:Chinese ferret-badger (
8349:Bornean ferret badger (
8340:Vietnam ferret-badger (
7825:Eastern spotted skunk (
7816:Western spotted skunk (
7546:Leptonychotes weddellii
7188:Subantarctic fur seal (
7134:Australasian fur seal (
5958:Black-footed mongoose (
5940:Bushy-tailed mongoose (
5889:White-tailed mongoose (
5827:Indian brown mongoose (
5809:Short-tailed mongoose (
5800:Small Indian mongoose (
5737:Flat-headed kusimanse (
5710:Alexander's kusimanse (
5686:Common dwarf mongoose (
5653:Pousargues's mongoose (
5515:Brown-tailed mongoose (
5474:Grandidier's mongoose (
4728:Arctogalidia trivirgata
3952:Sunda clouded leopard (
3259:Coues, Elliott (1877).
3009:10.1126/science.2983425
2626:10.1023/A:1008813532763
2525:10.1111/1365-2664.12223
1166:considered the species
570:
447:, with a hemispherical
9600:ESA endangered species
8962:Congo clawless otter (
8865:Hydrictis maculicollis
8863:Spotted-necked otter (
8822:Southern river otter (
8773:Pteronura brasiliensis
8536:European pine marten (
8047:South American coati (
7775:Palawan stink badger (
7101:New Zealand sea lion (
6166:Japanese raccoon dog (
5863:Crab-eating mongoose (
5818:Indian grey mongoose (
5441:Ring-tailed vontsira (
5252:(bone-crushing hyenas)
4947:Central African oyan (
4508:Chinese mountain cat (
3415:, a USFWS 2002 article
3398:, a USFWS 1995 article
3289:Kurtén, Björn (1980).
2156:Clark, Tim W. (1987).
2112:"Black-Footed Ferret (
2078:Clark, Tim W. (1976).
1680:Clark, Tim W. (1986).
1388:public domain material
1333:, from her 2013 album
1289:
1207:
1138:Badlands National Park
1122:Endangered Species Act
1117:
1052:
1014:Pine Ridge Reservation
1007:, a disease caused by
981:
924:tribes, including the
842:canine distemper virus
709:
633:
583:
537:
501:
402:
391:
9524:Paleobiology Database
9202:Back-striped weasel (
9148:Black-footed ferret (
8920:Smooth-coated otter (
8698:Poecilogale albinucha
8367:Javan ferret-badger (
8253:Sumatran hog badger (
8235:Northern hog badger (
7929:Crab-eating raccoon (
7834:Pygmy spotted skunk (
7555:Lobodon carcinophagus
7291:Histriophoca fasciata
7084:Australian sea lion (
7030:California sea lion (
6779:American black bear (
6521:Black-backed jackal (
6512:Side-striped jackal (
6352:Chrysocyon brachyurus
5776:Long-nosed mongoose (
5049:Rusty-spotted genet (
4886:Large-spotted civet (
4735:Sulawesi palm civet (
4664:Owston's palm civet (
4238:Andean mountain cat (
3659:Polecat–ferret hybrid
3591:Yellow-bellied weasel
3407:May 10, 2007, at the
3130:. December 29, 2020.
2879:"Black footed Ferret"
2652:blackfootedferret.org
2308:10.1139/cjz-2015-0135
1781:Mother Nature Network
1775:McLendon, R. (2011).
1750:Blackfootedferret.org
1439:: e.T14020A45200314.
1287:
1205:
1115:
1046:
1029:Inbreeding depression
970:
948:, nor was it seen by
707:
655:plains pocket gophers
623:
578:
535:
496:
397:
382:
353:Clay County, Nebraska
246:), also known as the
9017:Long-tailed weasel (
8595:Lyncodon patagonicus
8244:Greater hog badger (
7766:Sunda stink badger (
7456:Hawaiian monk seal (
7179:Guadalupe fur seal (
7152:Antarctic fur seal (
7143:Galápagos fur seal (
7039:Galápagos sea lion (
6157:Common raccoon dog (
6009:Cape gray mongoose (
5949:Jackson's mongoose (
5909:Paracynictis selousi
5900:Cynictis penicillata
5524:Durrell's vontsira (
5112:Giant forest genet (
4904:Large Indian civet (
4844:Small Indian civet (
4453:Sunda leopard cat (
4229:Southern tiger cat (
4165:African golden cat (
3842:African palm civet (
3690:Weasel and Aphrodite
3211:. September 26, 2013
3073:on February 18, 2021
2658:on February 19, 2021
2462:The Arizona Republic
2378:on February 8, 2013.
2275:Black-footed ferret—
2232:Journal of Mammalogy
1858:Journal of Mammalogy
1756:on February 19, 2021
1216:Revive & Restore
1168:Critically Imperiled
1071:Canine morbillivirus
994:American Fur Company
903:prairie rattlesnakes
820:, prairie threeawn,
686:mountain cottontails
659:mountain cottontails
489:Territorial behavior
484:Behavior and ecology
422:short-tailed weasels
24:Black-footed ferret
16:Species of carnivore
9060:M. aistoodonnivalis
8896:Hairy-nosed otter (
8813:Neotropical otter (
8593:Patagonian weasel (
8056:White-nosed coati (
7256:Cystophora cristata
7247:Erignathus barbatus
6980:Northern fur seal (
6757:Helarctos malayanus
6393:Atelocynus microtis
6100:U. cinereoargenteus
5991:Egyptian mongoose (
5918:Rhynchogale melleri
5916:Meller's mongoose (
5907:Selous's mongoose (
5891:Ichneumia albicauda
5845:Collared mongoose (
5719:Angolan kusimanse (
5603:Liberian mongoose (
4956:West African oyan (
4855:Civettictis civetta
4786:Golden palm civet (
4744:Masked palm civet (
4719:Arctictis binturong
4693:Hemigalus derbyanus
4691:Banded palm civet (
4682:Hose's palm civet (
4471:Rusty-spotted cat (
3654:Polecat–mink hybrid
3516:Black-footed ferret
3511:Back-striped weasel
3411:into south-central
3339:National Geographic
3067:National Geographic
3033:. February 21, 2008
3001:1985Sci...227.1428O
2995:(4693): 1428–1434.
2949:1993CBio....3..340R
2914:2019AnCon..22..331S
2902:Animal Conservation
2618:1999BiCon...8..965W
2580:2019AnCon..22..331S
2568:Animal Conservation
2516:2014JApEc..51..735S
2126:on January 10, 2010
2038:2005AnCon...8..321W
2026:Animal Conservation
1367:Black-footed ferret
671:western meadowlarks
630:Museum of Osteology
238:Black-footed ferret
40:Conservation status
9175:European polecat (
9008:Colombian weasel (
8658:(African polecats)
8286:Caucasian badger (
8214:(Eurasian badgers)
7664:(hog-nosed skunks)
7401:("southern seals")
7300:Halichoerus grypus
7231:("northern seals")
7103:Phocarctos hookeri
7008:Eumetopias jubatus
7006:Steller sea lion (
6788:Asian black bear (
6538:African wild dog (
6492:(wolf-like canids)
5769:Atilax paludinosus
5728:Common kusimanse (
5655:Dologale dybowskii
5627:Gambian mongoose (
5411:Western falanouc (
5402:Eastern falanouc (
5371:Cryptoprocta ferox
5276:Parahyaena brunnea
5031:Johnston's genet (
4986:Abyssinian genet (
4938:(African linsangs)
4846:Viverricula indica
4777:Brown palm civet (
4768:Asian palm civet (
4675:Cynogale bennettii
4666:Chrotogale owstoni
4562:European wildcat (
4553:Black-footed cat (
4143:Leptailurus serval
4111:Asian golden cat (
3877:(Asiatic linsangs)
3621:Long-tailed weasel
2883:Defenders magazine
2833:The New York Times
2785:Rapid City Journal
2703:Environment Canada
2446:, pp. 298–299
1972:, pp. 147–148
1839:, pp. 152–153
1323:U.S. Census Bureau
1319:Wall, South Dakota
1301:Endangered Species
1290:
1238:In popular culture
1208:
1191:, and also to the
1118:
1053:
1033:Meeteetse, Wyoming
958:John James Audubon
796:and Wolf Creek in
710:
634:
584:
538:
502:
403:
392:
329:Middle Pleistocene
286:Meeteetse, Wyoming
254:, is a species of
252:prairie dog hunter
9580:Mammals of Canada
9552:
9551:
9511:Open Tree of Life
9239:Taxon identifiers
9230:
9229:
9226:
9225:
9222:
9221:
9218:
9217:
9214:
9213:
9193:Siberian weasel (
9184:American ermine (
9112:Japanese weasel (
9067:Mountain weasel (
9051:
8974:
8973:
8760:
8745:
8744:
8741:
8740:
8729:Striped polecat (
8679:Marbled polecat (
8661:
8646:
8645:
8618:
8566:
8565:
8545:Japanese marten (
8491:American marten (
8484:
8342:M. cucphuongensis
8333:
8316:
8315:
8304:European badger (
8277:Japanese badger (
8217:
8170:American badger (
8133:
8132:
8129:
8128:
8105:
8104:
8101:
8100:
8029:
7988:Northern olingo (
7972:
7947:Cozumel raccoon (
7922:
7846:
7845:
7800:
7759:
7667:
7648:
7590:
7589:
7586:
7585:
7582:
7581:
7578:
7577:
7574:
7573:
7564:Ommatophoca rossi
7537:Hydrurga leptonyx
7524:
7521:(Antarctic seals)
7494:M. angustirostris
7485:
7468:
7467:
7434:Monachus monachus
7421:
7404:
7389:
7388:
7385:
7384:
7234:
7217:
7200:
7199:
7062:Otaria flavescens
7051:
7050:
6962:
6930:Odobenus rosmarus
6894:
6893:
6890:
6889:
6886:
6885:
6882:
6881:
6845:
6822:
6821:
6818:
6817:
6720:Spectacled bear (
6678:
6654:
6653:
6650:
6649:
6646:
6645:
6494:
6481:
6480:
6400:Crab-eating fox (
6391:Short-eared dog (
6339:
6324:
6311:
6310:
6193:
6135:Otocyon megalotis
6079:
6046:
6045:
6042:
6041:
6038:
6037:
6034:
6033:
6030:
6029:
5898:Yellow mongoose (
5749:
5748:
5636:Banded mongoose (
5605:Liberiictus kuhni
5559:
5540:
5539:
5536:
5535:
5423:
5422:
5349:
5318:
5317:
5314:
5313:
5310:
5309:
5254:
5215:
5181:
5180:
5177:
5176:
5173:
5172:
5145:
5144:
5141:
5140:
5137:
5136:
5133:
5132:
5085:Servaline genet (
5004:Bourlon's genet (
4979:
4940:
4916:
4915:
4798:
4797:
4770:P. hermaphroditus
4622:
4621:
4618:
4617:
4614:
4613:
4590:
4589:
4586:
4585:
4582:
4581:
4578:
4577:
4574:
4573:
4535:African wildcat (
4492:
4491:
4462:Flat-headed cat (
4402:
4401:
4186:
4185:
4123:
4122:
4037:
4036:
4033:
4032:
3961:Clouded leopard (
3920:
3895:Spotted linsang (
3879:
3844:Nandinia binotata
3726:
3725:
3642:
3641:
3561:Patagonian weasel
2922:10.1111/acv.12466
2735:. October 2, 2009
2709:on March 31, 2017
2588:10.1111/acv.12466
1924:Mammalian Species
1282:
1281:
899:ferruginous hawks
879:great horned owls
663:upland sandpipers
234:
233:
229:
225:Putorius nigripes
80:
63:
9622:
9545:
9544:
9532:
9531:
9519:
9518:
9506:
9505:
9493:
9492:
9480:
9479:
9467:
9466:
9454:
9453:
9441:
9440:
9428:
9427:
9415:
9414:
9402:
9401:
9389:
9388:
9376:
9375:
9366:
9365:
9353:
9352:
9343:
9342:
9330:
9329:
9317:
9316:
9307:
9306:
9304:mustela-nigripes
9294:
9293:
9291:Mustela_nigripes
9281:
9280:
9279:
9277:Mustela nigripes
9266:
9265:
9264:
9247:Mustela nigripes
9234:
9233:
9166:Malayan weasel (
9085:Steppe polecat (
9058:Sichuan weasel (
9050:
9049:
9045:
8985:
8984:
8922:L. perspicillata
8887:Eurasian otter (
8764:
8763:
8759:
8758:
8754:
8665:
8664:
8660:
8659:
8655:
8634:Greater grison (
8617:
8616:
8612:
8586:
8585:
8577:
8576:
8527:Nilgiri marten (
8500:Pacific marten (
8483:
8482:
8478:
8404:
8403:
8387:M. subaurantiaca
8332:
8331:
8330:(ferret-badgers)
8327:
8221:
8220:
8216:
8215:
8211:
8163:
8162:
8152:
8151:
8139:
8138:
8033:
8032:
8028:
8027:
8023:
7971:
7970:
7966:
7921:
7920:
7916:
7857:
7856:
7799:
7798:
7797:(spotted skunks)
7794:
7758:
7757:
7753:
7666:
7665:
7661:
7652:
7651:
7647:
7646:
7638:
7609:
7608:
7596:
7595:
7553:Crabeater seal (
7528:
7527:
7523:
7522:
7518:
7484:
7483:
7482:(elephant seals)
7479:
7458:N. schauinslandi
7425:
7424:
7420:
7419:
7415:
7408:
7407:
7403:
7402:
7398:
7273:
7272:
7238:
7237:
7233:
7232:
7228:
7221:
7220:
7216:
7215:
7209:
7170:Brown fur seal (
7145:A. galapagoensis
7032:Z. californianus
6999:
6998:
6966:
6965:
6961:
6960:
6946:
6916:
6915:
6908:
6900:
6899:
6844:
6843:
6839:
6833:
6832:
6748:Melursus ursinus
6739:
6738:
6682:
6681:
6677:
6674:
6667:
6666:
6634:Ethiopian wolf (
6498:
6497:
6493:
6490:
6343:
6342:
6338:
6335:
6328:
6327:
6323:
6320:
6209:Blanford's fox (
6192:
6185:
6126:
6125:
6084:
6083:
6078:
6075:
6068:
6067:
6060:
6052:
6051:
5854:Ruddy mongoose (
5836:Javan mongoose (
5767:Marsh mongoose (
5760:
5759:
5739:C. platycephalus
5572:
5571:
5563:
5562:
5558:
5555:
5553:
5434:
5433:
5378:Malagasy civet (
5362:
5361:
5353:
5352:
5348:
5343:
5336:
5335:
5331:
5258:
5257:
5253:
5250:
5219:
5218:
5214:
5211:
5204:
5203:
5200:
5199:
5187:
5186:
5151:
5150:
4978:
4975:
4939:
4936:
4927:
4926:
4837:
4836:
4833:
4822:
4821:
4817:
4804:
4803:
4710:
4709:
4652:
4651:
4641:
4640:
4628:
4627:
4422:Otocolobus manul
4413:
4412:
4335:
4334:
4211:Geoffroy's cat (
4134:
4133:
4064:
4063:
4055:
4054:
4050:
3938:
3937:
3929:
3928:
3925:
3924:
3919:
3916:
3909:
3908:
3886:Banded linsang (
3878:
3875:
3867:
3866:
3856:
3855:
3835:
3834:
3824:
3823:
3816:
3808:
3807:
3753:
3746:
3739:
3730:
3729:
3716:
3715:
3708:Category:Weasels
3706:
3705:
3632:
3616:Colombian weasel
3526:European polecat
3492:
3491:
3474:
3467:
3460:
3451:
3450:
3359:
3325:
3323:
3304:
3285:
3266:
3255:
3235:
3234:
3227:
3221:
3220:
3218:
3216:
3205:
3199:
3198:
3196:
3194:
3184:
3176:
3170:
3169:
3167:
3165:
3160:. April 19, 2023
3150:
3144:
3143:
3141:
3139:
3120:
3114:
3113:
3111:
3109:
3089:
3083:
3082:
3080:
3078:
3059:
3053:
3040:
3034:
3031:"Scorched Earth"
3027:
3021:
3020:
2983:
2977:
2976:
2932:
2926:
2925:
2896:
2890:
2876:
2870:
2869:
2867:
2865:
2851:
2845:
2844:
2842:
2840:
2823:
2814:
2813:
2811:
2809:
2794:
2788:
2777:
2771:
2770:
2768:
2766:
2761:. August 4, 2010
2751:
2745:
2744:
2742:
2740:
2725:
2719:
2718:
2716:
2714:
2695:
2689:
2688:
2686:
2684:
2674:
2668:
2667:
2665:
2663:
2654:. Archived from
2644:
2638:
2637:
2601:
2592:
2591:
2562:
2556:
2555:
2553:
2551:
2536:
2530:
2529:
2527:
2495:
2486:
2479:
2473:
2472:
2470:
2468:
2453:
2447:
2441:
2432:
2431:
2413:
2395:
2386:
2380:
2379:
2374:. Archived from
2363:
2357:
2356:
2328:
2322:
2321:
2319:
2292:Mustela nigripes
2287:
2281:
2277:Mustela nigripes
2271:
2256:
2255:
2228:Mustela nigripes
2223:
2192:
2191:
2189:
2187:
2181:
2166:
2160:Mustela nigripes
2153:
2136:
2135:
2133:
2131:
2122:. Archived from
2114:Mustela nigripes
2108:
2102:
2101:
2099:
2075:
2058:
2057:
2023:
2017:Mustela nigripes
2010:
2004:
1997:
1988:
1982:
1973:
1967:
1958:
1952:
1946:
1945:
1935:
1918:Mustela nigripes
1911:
1890:
1889:
1854:Mustela nigripes
1849:
1840:
1834:
1825:
1824:
1822:
1820:
1806:
1797:
1796:
1794:
1792:
1783:. Archived from
1772:
1766:
1765:
1763:
1761:
1742:
1736:
1733:
1702:
1701:
1677:
1664:
1663:
1636:Mustela nigripes
1631:
1592:
1591:
1575:
1548:
1542:
1536:
1527:
1518:
1517:
1515:
1513:
1499:Mustela nigripes
1493:
1487:
1486:
1484:
1482:
1470:Mustela nigripes
1464:
1458:
1457:
1455:
1453:
1448:
1425:Mustela nigripes
1418:
1402:
1394:Mustela nigripes
1385:
1384:
1353:
1352:
1277:
1274:
1268:
1250:
1249:
1242:
1232:COVID-19 vaccine
1082:(about 320) and
979:
887:American badgers
858:American badgers
844:, introduced by
605:spp.) and mice (
499:weasel war dance
457:European polecat
367:dating from the
341:ground squirrels
333:M. stromeri
324:Mustela stromeri
267:European polecat
248:American polecat
243:Mustela nigripes
227:
198:
196:Mustela nigripes
178:M. nigripes
95:
94:
74:
57:
52:
51:
33:
21:
20:
9630:
9629:
9625:
9624:
9623:
9621:
9620:
9619:
9555:
9554:
9553:
9548:
9540:
9535:
9527:
9522:
9514:
9509:
9501:
9496:
9488:
9483:
9475:
9470:
9462:
9457:
9449:
9444:
9436:
9431:
9423:
9418:
9410:
9405:
9397:
9392:
9384:
9379:
9371:
9369:
9361:
9356:
9348:
9346:
9338:
9333:
9325:
9320:
9312:
9310:
9302:
9297:
9289:
9284:
9275:
9274:
9269:
9260:
9259:
9254:
9241:
9231:
9210:
9186:M. richardsonii
9130:European mink (
9047:
9046:
9044:
9034:
9026:American mink (
8999:Amazon weasel (
8970:
8928:
8904:
8871:
8854:
8830:
8779:
8756:
8755:
8753:
8737:
8704:
8687:
8657:
8656:
8654:
8642:
8625:Lesser grison (
8614:
8613:
8611:
8601:
8562:
8480:
8479:
8477:
8467:
8443:
8419:
8393:
8329:
8328:
8326:
8312:
8261:
8213:
8212:
8210:
8202:
8178:
8159:
8146:
8125:
8097:
8064:
8025:
8024:
8022:
8014:
7968:
7967:
7965:
7955:
7918:
7917:
7915:
7905:
7872:
7842:
7809:S. angustifrons
7796:
7795:
7793:
7783:
7756:(stink badgers)
7755:
7754:
7752:
7742:
7734:Striped skunk (
7709:
7703:C. semistriatus
7663:
7662:
7660:
7640:
7639:
7637:
7629:
7623:Ailurus fulgens
7603:
7570:
7520:
7519:
7517:
7509:
7481:
7480:
7478:
7464:
7440:
7417:
7416:
7414:
7400:
7399:
7397:
7381:
7339:
7306:
7262:
7230:
7229:
7227:
7213:
7211:
7210:
7208:
7196:
7109:
7092:
7068:
7047:
7014:
6988:
6955:
6950:
6948:
6947:
6945:
6941:
6936:
6910:
6906:
6878:
6858:
6841:
6840:
6814:
6763:
6728:
6704:
6675:
6673:
6663:
6642:
6571:Golden jackal (
6555:
6529:
6491:
6489:
6477:
6408:
6402:Cerdocyon thous
6382:
6358:
6336:
6334:
6321:
6319:
6307:
6272:RĂĽppell's fox (
6186:
6184:
6174:
6159:N. procyonoides
6141:
6133:Bat-eared fox (
6115:
6080:
6076:
6062:
6058:
6026:
6011:H. pulverulenta
5966:
5924:
5880:
5847:U. semitorquata
5802:U. auropunctata
5784:
5745:
5694:
5661:
5644:
5611:
5594:
5556:
5554:
5549:
5548:
5532:
5499:
5482:
5449:
5443:Galidia elegans
5419:
5386:
5346:
5344:
5342:
5332:
5327:
5306:
5298:Spotted hyena (
5282:
5265:Striped hyena (
5251:
5249:
5241:
5212:
5210:
5194:
5169:
5129:
5067:Aquatic genet (
5058:Pardine genet (
4995:Angolan genet (
4976:
4974:
4964:
4949:P. richardsonii
4937:
4935:
4912:
4895:Malayan civet (
4861:
4853:African civet (
4829:
4828:
4818:
4813:
4812:
4808:
4794:
4752:
4699:
4684:Diplogale hosei
4648:
4635:
4610:
4570:
4488:
4428:
4408:
4398:
4374:
4357:
4330:
4324:
4298:Eurasian lynx (
4273:
4182:
4149:
4129:
4119:
4086:
4059:
4051:
4046:
4029:
3969:
3921:
3917:
3903:
3876:
3863:
3850:
3831:
3818:
3814:
3802:
3764:
3757:
3727:
3722:
3694:
3663:
3638:
3626:Tropical weasel
3595:
3566:Siberian weasel
3556:Mountain weasel
3541:Japanese weasel
3506:American ermine
3483:
3478:
3439:Wayback Machine
3409:Wayback Machine
3388:Wayback Machine
3366:
3332:
3330:Further reading
3301:
3282:
3244:
3239:
3238:
3229:
3228:
3224:
3214:
3212:
3207:
3206:
3202:
3192:
3190:
3187:www2.census.gov
3182:
3178:
3177:
3173:
3163:
3161:
3152:
3151:
3147:
3137:
3135:
3122:
3121:
3117:
3107:
3105:
3098:livescience.com
3090:
3086:
3076:
3074:
3061:
3060:
3056:
3050:Wayback Machine
3041:
3037:
3028:
3024:
2984:
2980:
2937:Current Biology
2933:
2929:
2897:
2893:
2877:
2873:
2863:
2861:
2853:
2852:
2848:
2838:
2836:
2824:
2817:
2807:
2805:
2795:
2791:
2778:
2774:
2764:
2762:
2753:
2752:
2748:
2738:
2736:
2727:
2726:
2722:
2712:
2710:
2697:
2696:
2692:
2682:
2680:
2676:
2675:
2671:
2661:
2659:
2646:
2645:
2641:
2602:
2595:
2563:
2559:
2549:
2547:
2537:
2533:
2496:
2489:
2480:
2476:
2466:
2464:
2454:
2450:
2442:
2435:
2393:
2387:
2383:
2364:
2360:
2345:10.2307/3808053
2329:
2325:
2288:
2284:
2272:
2259:
2244:10.2307/1381377
2224:
2195:
2185:
2183:
2182:on June 6, 2013
2179:
2164:
2154:
2139:
2129:
2127:
2110:
2109:
2105:
2076:
2061:
2021:
2011:
2007:
1998:
1991:
1983:
1976:
1968:
1961:
1953:
1949:
1933:10.2307/3503892
1912:
1893:
1850:
1843:
1835:
1828:
1818:
1816:
1808:
1807:
1800:
1790:
1788:
1773:
1769:
1759:
1757:
1744:
1743:
1739:
1734:
1705:
1678:
1667:
1652:10.2307/2425964
1632:
1595:
1576:
1551:
1543:
1539:
1528:
1521:
1511:
1509:
1495:
1494:
1490:
1480:
1478:
1466:
1465:
1461:
1451:
1449:
1419:
1408:
1391:
1382:
1379:
1374:
1373:
1372:
1354:
1350:
1345:
1299:as part of the
1278:
1272:
1269:
1262:
1251:
1247:
1240:
1065:Yersinia pestis
1041:
1009:Yersinia pestis
1005:Sylvatic plague
986:
980:
977:
922:Native American
919:
895:prairie falcons
867:Yersinia pestis
856:, coyotes, and
850:common raccoons
830:
702:
678:sagebrush voles
573:
530:
491:
486:
377:
311:
282:sylvatic plague
211:
200:
194:
181:
89:
81:
64:
53:
49:
42:
17:
12:
11:
5:
9628:
9618:
9617:
9612:
9607:
9602:
9597:
9592:
9587:
9582:
9577:
9572:
9567:
9550:
9549:
9547:
9546:
9533:
9520:
9507:
9494:
9481:
9468:
9455:
9442:
9429:
9416:
9403:
9390:
9377:
9367:
9354:
9344:
9331:
9318:
9308:
9295:
9282:
9267:
9251:
9249:
9243:
9242:
9228:
9227:
9224:
9223:
9220:
9219:
9216:
9215:
9212:
9211:
9209:
9208:
9204:M. strigidorsa
9199:
9190:
9181:
9172:
9163:
9157:Least weasel (
9154:
9145:
9136:
9127:
9118:
9109:
9103:Haida ermine (
9100:
9091:
9087:M. eversmannii
9082:
9073:
9064:
9054:
9052:
9036:
9035:
9033:
9032:
9023:
9014:
9005:
8995:
8993:
8982:
8976:
8975:
8972:
8971:
8969:
8968:
8959:
8950:
8940:
8938:
8930:
8929:
8927:
8926:
8916:
8914:
8906:
8905:
8903:
8902:
8893:
8883:
8881:
8873:
8872:
8870:
8869:
8859:
8856:
8855:
8853:
8852:
8842:
8840:
8832:
8831:
8829:
8828:
8819:
8815:L. longicaudis
8810:
8804:Marine otter (
8801:
8791:
8789:
8781:
8780:
8778:
8777:
8767:
8761:
8747:
8746:
8743:
8742:
8739:
8738:
8736:
8735:
8726:
8716:
8714:
8706:
8705:
8703:
8702:
8692:
8689:
8688:
8686:
8685:
8675:
8673:
8662:
8648:
8647:
8644:
8643:
8641:
8640:
8631:
8621:
8619:
8603:
8602:
8600:
8599:
8589:
8583:
8574:
8568:
8567:
8564:
8563:
8561:
8560:
8551:
8542:
8533:
8524:
8518:Beech marten (
8515:
8506:
8497:
8487:
8485:
8469:
8468:
8466:
8465:
8455:
8453:
8445:
8444:
8442:
8441:
8431:
8429:
8421:
8420:
8418:
8417:
8407:
8401:
8395:
8394:
8392:
8391:
8382:
8373:
8364:
8355:
8346:
8336:
8334:
8318:
8317:
8314:
8313:
8311:
8310:
8301:
8295:Asian badger (
8292:
8283:
8273:
8271:
8263:
8262:
8260:
8259:
8250:
8241:
8237:A. albogularis
8231:
8229:
8218:
8204:
8203:
8201:
8200:
8194:Honey badger (
8190:
8188:
8180:
8179:
8177:
8176:
8166:
8160:
8155:
8148:
8147:
8135:
8134:
8131:
8130:
8127:
8126:
8124:
8123:
8122:
8121:
8115:
8113:
8107:
8106:
8103:
8102:
8099:
8098:
8096:
8095:
8086:
8076:
8074:
8066:
8065:
8063:
8062:
8053:
8043:
8041:
8030:
8016:
8015:
8013:
8012:
8003:
7994:
7985:
7975:
7973:
7957:
7956:
7954:
7953:
7944:
7935:
7931:P. cancrivorus
7925:
7923:
7907:
7906:
7904:
7903:
7899:B. sumichrasti
7894:
7884:
7882:
7874:
7873:
7871:
7870:
7860:
7854:
7848:
7847:
7844:
7843:
7841:
7840:
7831:
7822:
7813:
7803:
7801:
7785:
7784:
7782:
7781:
7772:
7762:
7760:
7744:
7743:
7741:
7740:
7731:
7725:Hooded skunk (
7721:
7719:
7711:
7710:
7708:
7707:
7698:
7689:
7680:
7670:
7668:
7649:
7631:
7630:
7628:
7627:
7617:
7615:
7605:
7604:
7592:
7591:
7588:
7587:
7584:
7583:
7580:
7579:
7576:
7575:
7572:
7571:
7569:
7568:
7559:
7550:
7544:Weddell seal (
7541:
7535:Leopard seal (
7531:
7525:
7511:
7510:
7508:
7507:
7498:
7488:
7486:
7470:
7469:
7466:
7465:
7463:
7462:
7452:
7450:
7442:
7441:
7439:
7438:
7428:
7422:
7405:
7391:
7390:
7387:
7386:
7383:
7382:
7380:
7379:
7370:
7361:
7355:Caspian seal (
7351:
7349:
7341:
7340:
7338:
7337:
7328:
7322:Spotted seal (
7318:
7316:
7308:
7307:
7305:
7304:
7295:
7286:
7276:
7270:
7264:
7263:
7261:
7260:
7251:
7245:Bearded seal (
7241:
7235:
7218:
7214:or true seals)
7212:(earless seals
7202:
7201:
7198:
7197:
7195:
7194:
7185:
7176:
7167:
7158:
7149:
7140:
7131:
7121:
7119:
7111:
7110:
7108:
7107:
7097:
7094:
7093:
7091:
7090:
7080:
7078:
7070:
7069:
7067:
7066:
7056:
7053:
7052:
7049:
7048:
7046:
7045:
7036:
7026:
7024:
7016:
7015:
7013:
7012:
7002:
6996:
6990:
6989:
6987:
6986:
6976:
6974:
6963:
6938:
6937:
6935:
6934:
6924:
6922:
6912:
6911:
6896:
6895:
6892:
6891:
6888:
6887:
6884:
6883:
6880:
6879:
6877:
6876:
6875:
6874:
6868:
6866:
6860:
6859:
6857:
6856:
6855:
6854:
6848:
6846:
6830:
6824:
6823:
6820:
6819:
6816:
6815:
6813:
6812:
6803:
6794:
6785:
6775:
6773:
6765:
6764:
6762:
6761:
6752:
6742:
6736:
6730:
6729:
6727:
6726:
6716:
6714:
6706:
6705:
6703:
6702:
6698:A. melanoleuca
6692:
6690:
6679:
6664:
6659:
6656:
6655:
6652:
6651:
6648:
6647:
6644:
6643:
6641:
6640:
6631:
6622:
6616:Eastern wolf (
6613:
6604:
6598:African wolf (
6595:
6586:
6580:Domestic dog (
6577:
6567:
6565:
6557:
6556:
6554:
6553:
6544:
6534:
6531:
6530:
6528:
6527:
6518:
6508:
6506:
6495:
6483:
6482:
6479:
6478:
6476:
6475:
6466:
6460:Sechuran fox (
6457:
6453:L. gymnocercus
6448:
6439:
6433:Darwin's fox (
6430:
6420:
6418:
6410:
6409:
6407:
6406:
6397:
6387:
6384:
6383:
6381:
6380:
6370:
6368:
6360:
6359:
6357:
6356:
6346:
6340:
6325:
6313:
6312:
6309:
6308:
6306:
6305:
6296:
6287:
6278:
6269:
6260:
6251:
6242:
6233:
6224:
6215:
6206:
6202:V. bengalensis
6196:
6194:
6176:
6175:
6173:
6172:
6163:
6153:
6151:
6143:
6142:
6140:
6139:
6129:
6123:
6117:
6116:
6114:
6113:
6104:
6094:
6092:
6081:
6071:
6064:
6063:
6048:
6047:
6044:
6043:
6040:
6039:
6036:
6035:
6032:
6031:
6028:
6027:
6025:
6024:
6015:
6006:
5997:
5988:
5978:
5976:
5968:
5967:
5965:
5964:
5955:
5946:
5942:B. crassicauda
5936:
5934:
5926:
5925:
5923:
5922:
5913:
5904:
5895:
5885:
5882:
5881:
5879:
5878:
5869:
5860:
5851:
5842:
5833:
5824:
5815:
5806:
5796:
5794:
5786:
5785:
5783:
5782:
5773:
5763:
5757:
5751:
5750:
5747:
5746:
5744:
5743:
5734:
5725:
5716:
5706:
5704:
5696:
5695:
5693:
5692:
5683:
5673:
5671:
5663:
5662:
5660:
5659:
5649:
5646:
5645:
5643:
5642:
5633:
5623:
5621:
5613:
5612:
5610:
5609:
5599:
5596:
5595:
5593:
5592:
5582:
5580:
5569:
5560:
5542:
5541:
5538:
5537:
5534:
5533:
5531:
5530:
5521:
5511:
5509:
5501:
5500:
5498:
5497:
5487:
5484:
5483:
5481:
5480:
5476:G. grandidieri
5471:
5461:
5459:
5451:
5450:
5448:
5447:
5437:
5431:
5425:
5424:
5421:
5420:
5418:
5417:
5408:
5398:
5396:
5388:
5387:
5385:
5384:
5375:
5365:
5359:
5350:
5333:
5323:
5320:
5319:
5316:
5315:
5312:
5311:
5308:
5307:
5305:
5304:
5294:
5292:
5284:
5283:
5281:
5280:
5271:
5261:
5255:
5243:
5242:
5240:
5239:
5229:
5227:
5216:
5196:
5195:
5183:
5182:
5179:
5178:
5175:
5174:
5171:
5170:
5168:
5167:
5166:
5165:
5159:
5157:
5147:
5146:
5143:
5142:
5139:
5138:
5135:
5134:
5131:
5130:
5128:
5127:
5118:
5109:
5100:
5091:
5082:
5073:
5064:
5055:
5046:
5040:Letaba genet (
5037:
5028:
5022:Common genet (
5019:
5010:
5001:
4992:
4982:
4980:
4966:
4965:
4963:
4962:
4953:
4943:
4941:
4924:
4918:
4917:
4914:
4913:
4911:
4910:
4901:
4892:
4883:
4873:
4871:
4863:
4862:
4860:
4859:
4850:
4840:
4834:
4819:
4807:
4800:
4799:
4796:
4795:
4793:
4792:
4788:P. zeylonensis
4783:
4774:
4764:
4762:
4754:
4753:
4751:
4750:
4746:Paguma larvata
4741:
4732:
4723:
4713:
4707:
4701:
4700:
4698:
4697:
4688:
4679:
4670:
4660:
4658:
4649:
4644:
4637:
4636:
4624:
4623:
4620:
4619:
4616:
4615:
4612:
4611:
4609:
4608:
4607:
4606:
4600:
4598:
4592:
4591:
4588:
4587:
4584:
4583:
4580:
4579:
4576:
4575:
4572:
4571:
4569:
4568:
4559:
4550:
4541:
4532:
4523:
4517:Domestic cat (
4514:
4504:
4502:
4494:
4493:
4490:
4489:
4487:
4486:
4477:
4473:P. rubiginosus
4468:
4459:
4450:
4446:P. bengalensis
4440:
4438:
4430:
4429:
4427:
4426:
4420:Pallas's cat (
4416:
4410:
4404:
4403:
4400:
4399:
4397:
4396:
4386:
4384:
4376:
4375:
4373:
4372:
4362:
4359:
4358:
4356:
4355:
4345:
4343:
4332:
4326:
4325:
4323:
4322:
4313:
4307:Iberian lynx (
4304:
4295:
4285:
4283:
4275:
4274:
4272:
4271:
4262:
4253:
4244:
4235:
4226:
4217:
4208:
4198:
4196:
4188:
4187:
4184:
4183:
4181:
4180:
4171:
4161:
4159:
4151:
4150:
4148:
4147:
4137:
4131:
4125:
4124:
4121:
4120:
4118:
4117:
4108:
4098:
4096:
4088:
4087:
4085:
4084:
4074:
4072:
4061:
4052:
4042:
4039:
4038:
4035:
4034:
4031:
4030:
4028:
4027:
4018:
4009:
4000:
3991:
3985:Snow leopard (
3981:
3979:
3971:
3970:
3968:
3967:
3958:
3948:
3946:
3935:
3922:
3912:
3905:
3904:
3902:
3901:
3892:
3882:
3880:
3864:
3859:
3852:
3851:
3849:
3848:
3838:
3832:
3827:
3820:
3819:
3804:
3803:
3801:
3800:
3798:Laurasiatheria
3794:
3788:
3782:
3776:
3769:
3766:
3765:
3756:
3755:
3748:
3741:
3733:
3724:
3723:
3721:
3720:
3710:
3699:
3696:
3695:
3693:
3692:
3687:
3682:
3677:
3671:
3669:
3665:
3664:
3662:
3661:
3656:
3650:
3648:
3644:
3643:
3640:
3639:
3637:
3636:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3607:
3605:
3597:
3596:
3594:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3576:Steppe polecat
3573:
3571:Sichuan weasel
3568:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3551:Malayan weasel
3548:
3543:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3513:
3508:
3502:
3500:
3489:
3485:
3484:
3477:
3476:
3469:
3462:
3454:
3448:
3447:
3442:
3430:
3421:
3416:
3399:
3393:
3378:
3373:
3365:
3364:External links
3362:
3361:
3360:
3331:
3328:
3327:
3326:
3305:
3299:
3286:
3280:
3267:
3256:
3243:
3240:
3237:
3236:
3222:
3200:
3171:
3145:
3115:
3084:
3054:
3035:
3022:
2978:
2943:(6): 340–350.
2927:
2908:(4): 331–340.
2891:
2871:
2846:
2815:
2789:
2772:
2746:
2720:
2690:
2669:
2639:
2612:(7): 965–976.
2593:
2574:(4): 331–340.
2557:
2531:
2510:(3): 735–745.
2487:
2474:
2448:
2433:
2381:
2358:
2323:
2282:
2257:
2238:(2): 261–273.
2193:
2137:
2103:
2090:(3): 275–280.
2059:
2032:(3): 321–328.
2005:
1989:
1974:
1959:
1947:
1891:
1841:
1826:
1798:
1787:on May 9, 2015
1767:
1737:
1703:
1665:
1646:(2): 225–239.
1593:
1549:
1537:
1519:
1488:
1459:
1405:
1404:
1378:
1375:
1355:
1348:
1347:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1280:
1279:
1254:
1252:
1245:
1239:
1236:
1051:, South Dakota
1040:
1037:
985:
982:
975:
918:
915:
846:striped skunks
829:
826:
822:sixweeks grass
808:, Mexico, and
738:Big Horn Basin
701:
698:
572:
569:
555:copulatory tie
529:
526:
490:
487:
485:
482:
461:steppe polecat
400:Louisville Zoo
376:
373:
310:
307:
271:steppe polecat
269:and the Asian
232:
231:
220:
219:
213:
212:
201:
190:
189:
183:
182:
175:
173:
169:
168:
161:
157:
156:
151:
147:
146:
141:
137:
136:
131:
127:
126:
121:
117:
116:
111:
107:
106:
101:
97:
96:
83:
82:
69:
66:
65:
47:
44:
43:
38:
35:
34:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
9627:
9616:
9613:
9611:
9608:
9606:
9603:
9601:
9598:
9596:
9593:
9591:
9588:
9586:
9583:
9581:
9578:
9576:
9573:
9571:
9568:
9566:
9563:
9562:
9560:
9543:
9538:
9534:
9530:
9525:
9521:
9517:
9512:
9508:
9504:
9499:
9495:
9491:
9486:
9482:
9478:
9473:
9469:
9465:
9460:
9456:
9452:
9447:
9443:
9439:
9434:
9430:
9426:
9421:
9417:
9413:
9408:
9404:
9400:
9395:
9391:
9387:
9382:
9378:
9374:
9368:
9364:
9359:
9355:
9351:
9345:
9341:
9336:
9332:
9328:
9323:
9319:
9315:
9309:
9305:
9300:
9296:
9292:
9287:
9283:
9278:
9272:
9268:
9263:
9257:
9253:
9252:
9250:
9248:
9244:
9240:
9235:
9207:
9205:
9200:
9198:
9196:
9191:
9189:
9187:
9182:
9180:
9178:
9173:
9171:
9169:
9164:
9162:
9160:
9155:
9153:
9151:
9146:
9144:
9142:
9141:M. lutreolina
9137:
9135:
9133:
9128:
9126:
9124:
9119:
9117:
9115:
9110:
9108:
9106:
9101:
9099:
9097:
9092:
9090:
9088:
9083:
9081:
9079:
9074:
9072:
9070:
9065:
9063:
9061:
9056:
9055:
9053:
9043:
9042:
9037:
9031:
9029:
9024:
9022:
9020:
9015:
9013:
9011:
9006:
9004:
9002:
8997:
8996:
8994:
8992:
8991:
8986:
8983:
8981:
8977:
8967:
8965:
8960:
8958:
8956:
8951:
8949:
8947:
8942:
8941:
8939:
8937:
8936:
8931:
8925:
8923:
8918:
8917:
8915:
8913:
8912:
8907:
8901:
8899:
8894:
8892:
8890:
8885:
8884:
8882:
8880:
8879:
8874:
8868:
8866:
8861:
8860:
8857:
8851:
8849:
8844:
8843:
8841:
8839:
8838:
8833:
8827:
8825:
8820:
8818:
8816:
8811:
8809:
8807:
8802:
8800:
8798:
8797:L. canadensis
8793:
8792:
8790:
8788:
8787:
8782:
8776:
8774:
8771:Giant otter (
8769:
8768:
8765:
8762:
8752:
8748:
8734:
8732:
8727:
8725:
8723:
8718:
8717:
8715:
8713:
8712:
8707:
8701:
8699:
8694:
8693:
8690:
8684:
8682:
8677:
8676:
8674:
8672:
8671:
8666:
8663:
8653:
8649:
8639:
8637:
8632:
8630:
8628:
8623:
8622:
8620:
8610:
8609:
8604:
8598:
8596:
8591:
8590:
8587:
8584:
8582:
8578:
8575:
8573:
8569:
8559:
8557:
8552:
8550:
8548:
8543:
8541:
8539:
8534:
8532:
8530:
8529:M. gwatkinsii
8525:
8523:
8521:
8516:
8514:
8512:
8507:
8505:
8503:
8498:
8496:
8494:
8489:
8488:
8486:
8476:
8475:
8470:
8464:
8462:
8457:
8456:
8454:
8452:
8451:
8446:
8440:
8438:
8433:
8432:
8430:
8428:
8427:
8422:
8416:
8414:
8409:
8408:
8405:
8402:
8400:
8396:
8390:
8388:
8383:
8381:
8379:
8374:
8372:
8370:
8369:M. orientalis
8365:
8363:
8361:
8356:
8354:
8352:
8347:
8345:
8343:
8338:
8337:
8335:
8325:
8324:
8319:
8309:
8307:
8302:
8300:
8298:
8293:
8291:
8289:
8284:
8282:
8280:
8275:
8274:
8272:
8270:
8269:
8264:
8258:
8256:
8251:
8249:
8247:
8242:
8240:
8238:
8233:
8232:
8230:
8228:
8227:
8222:
8219:
8209:
8205:
8199:
8197:
8192:
8191:
8189:
8187:
8186:
8181:
8175:
8173:
8172:Taxidea taxus
8168:
8167:
8164:
8161:
8158:
8153:
8149:
8145:
8140:
8136:
8119:
8118:
8117:
8116:
8114:
8112:
8108:
8094:
8092:
8087:
8085:
8083:
8082:N. meridensis
8078:
8077:
8075:
8073:
8072:
8067:
8061:
8059:
8054:
8052:
8050:
8045:
8044:
8042:
8040:
8039:
8034:
8031:
8021:
8017:
8011:
8009:
8004:
8002:
8000:
7995:
7993:
7991:
7986:
7984:
7982:
7977:
7976:
7974:
7964:
7963:
7958:
7952:
7950:
7945:
7943:
7941:
7936:
7934:
7932:
7927:
7926:
7924:
7914:
7913:
7908:
7902:
7900:
7895:
7893:
7891:
7886:
7885:
7883:
7881:
7880:
7875:
7869:
7867:
7862:
7861:
7858:
7855:
7853:
7849:
7839:
7837:
7832:
7830:
7828:
7823:
7821:
7819:
7814:
7812:
7810:
7805:
7804:
7802:
7792:
7791:
7786:
7780:
7778:
7773:
7771:
7769:
7768:M. javanensis
7764:
7763:
7761:
7751:
7750:
7745:
7739:
7737:
7732:
7730:
7728:
7723:
7722:
7720:
7718:
7717:
7712:
7706:
7704:
7699:
7697:
7695:
7694:C. leuconotus
7690:
7688:
7686:
7685:C. humboldtii
7681:
7679:
7677:
7672:
7671:
7669:
7659:
7658:
7653:
7650:
7644:
7636:
7632:
7626:
7624:
7619:
7618:
7616:
7614:
7610:
7606:
7602:
7597:
7593:
7567:
7565:
7560:
7558:
7556:
7551:
7549:
7547:
7542:
7540:
7538:
7533:
7532:
7529:
7526:
7516:
7512:
7506:
7504:
7499:
7497:
7495:
7490:
7489:
7487:
7477:
7476:
7471:
7461:
7459:
7454:
7453:
7451:
7449:
7448:
7443:
7437:
7435:
7430:
7429:
7426:
7423:
7413:
7409:
7406:
7396:
7392:
7378:
7376:
7373:Baikal seal (
7371:
7369:
7367:
7364:Ringed seal (
7362:
7360:
7358:
7353:
7352:
7350:
7348:
7347:
7342:
7336:
7334:
7331:Harbor seal (
7329:
7327:
7325:
7320:
7319:
7317:
7315:
7314:
7309:
7303:
7301:
7296:
7294:
7292:
7289:Ribbon seal (
7287:
7285:
7283:
7278:
7277:
7274:
7271:
7269:
7265:
7259:
7257:
7254:Hooded seal (
7252:
7250:
7248:
7243:
7242:
7239:
7236:
7226:
7222:
7219:
7207:
7203:
7193:
7191:
7190:A. tropicalis
7186:
7184:
7182:
7177:
7175:
7173:
7168:
7166:
7164:
7159:
7157:
7155:
7150:
7148:
7146:
7141:
7139:
7137:
7132:
7130:
7128:
7123:
7122:
7120:
7118:
7117:
7116:Arctocephalus
7112:
7106:
7104:
7099:
7098:
7095:
7089:
7087:
7082:
7081:
7079:
7077:
7076:
7071:
7065:
7063:
7058:
7057:
7054:
7044:
7042:
7041:Z. wollebaeki
7037:
7035:
7033:
7028:
7027:
7025:
7023:
7022:
7017:
7011:
7009:
7004:
7003:
7000:
6997:
6995:
6991:
6985:
6983:
6978:
6977:
6975:
6973:
6972:
6967:
6964:
6958:
6953:
6949:(eared seals:
6944:
6939:
6933:
6931:
6926:
6925:
6923:
6921:
6917:
6913:
6909:
6901:
6897:
6872:
6871:
6870:
6869:
6867:
6865:
6861:
6852:
6851:
6850:
6849:
6847:
6838:
6834:
6831:
6829:
6825:
6811:
6809:
6804:
6802:
6800:
6795:
6793:
6791:
6790:U. thibetanus
6786:
6784:
6782:
6781:U. americanus
6777:
6776:
6774:
6772:
6771:
6766:
6760:
6758:
6753:
6751:
6749:
6744:
6743:
6740:
6737:
6735:
6731:
6725:
6723:
6718:
6717:
6715:
6713:
6712:
6707:
6701:
6699:
6696:Giant panda (
6694:
6693:
6691:
6689:
6688:
6683:
6680:
6672:
6668:
6665:
6662:
6657:
6639:
6637:
6632:
6630:
6628:
6623:
6621:
6619:
6614:
6612:
6610:
6605:
6603:
6601:
6596:
6594:
6592:
6587:
6585:
6583:
6582:C. familiaris
6578:
6576:
6574:
6569:
6568:
6566:
6564:
6563:
6558:
6552:
6550:
6545:
6543:
6541:
6540:Lycaon pictus
6536:
6535:
6532:
6526:
6524:
6519:
6517:
6515:
6510:
6509:
6507:
6505:
6504:
6499:
6496:
6488:
6484:
6474:
6472:
6467:
6465:
6463:
6458:
6456:
6454:
6449:
6447:
6445:
6440:
6438:
6436:
6431:
6429:
6427:
6422:
6421:
6419:
6417:
6416:
6411:
6405:
6403:
6398:
6396:
6394:
6389:
6388:
6385:
6379:
6377:
6372:
6371:
6369:
6367:
6366:
6361:
6355:
6353:
6348:
6347:
6344:
6341:
6333:
6329:
6326:
6318:
6314:
6304:
6302:
6297:
6295:
6293:
6288:
6286:
6284:
6279:
6277:
6275:
6270:
6268:
6266:
6261:
6259:
6257:
6252:
6250:
6248:
6243:
6241:
6239:
6236:Tibetan fox (
6234:
6232:
6230:
6225:
6223:
6221:
6216:
6214:
6212:
6207:
6205:
6203:
6198:
6197:
6195:
6190:
6183:
6182:
6177:
6171:
6169:
6168:N. viverrinus
6164:
6162:
6160:
6155:
6154:
6152:
6150:
6149:
6144:
6138:
6136:
6131:
6130:
6127:
6124:
6122:
6118:
6112:
6110:
6109:U. littoralis
6105:
6103:
6101:
6096:
6095:
6093:
6091:
6090:
6085:
6082:
6074:
6069:
6065:
6061:
6053:
6049:
6023:
6021:
6016:
6014:
6012:
6007:
6005:
6003:
5998:
5996:
5994:
5989:
5987:
5985:
5984:H. flavescens
5980:
5979:
5977:
5975:
5974:
5969:
5963:
5961:
5956:
5954:
5952:
5947:
5945:
5943:
5938:
5937:
5935:
5933:
5932:
5927:
5921:
5919:
5914:
5912:
5910:
5905:
5903:
5901:
5896:
5894:
5892:
5887:
5886:
5883:
5877:
5875:
5874:U. vitticolla
5870:
5868:
5866:
5861:
5859:
5857:
5852:
5850:
5848:
5843:
5841:
5839:
5834:
5832:
5830:
5825:
5823:
5821:
5816:
5814:
5812:
5807:
5805:
5803:
5798:
5797:
5795:
5793:
5792:
5787:
5781:
5779:
5778:Xenogale naso
5774:
5772:
5770:
5765:
5764:
5761:
5758:
5756:
5752:
5742:
5740:
5735:
5733:
5731:
5726:
5724:
5722:
5717:
5715:
5713:
5708:
5707:
5705:
5703:
5702:
5697:
5691:
5689:
5684:
5682:
5680:
5675:
5674:
5672:
5670:
5669:
5664:
5658:
5656:
5651:
5650:
5647:
5641:
5639:
5634:
5632:
5630:
5625:
5624:
5622:
5620:
5619:
5614:
5608:
5606:
5601:
5600:
5597:
5591:
5589:
5584:
5583:
5581:
5579:
5578:
5573:
5570:
5568:
5564:
5561:
5552:
5551:sensu stricto
5547:
5543:
5529:
5527:
5522:
5520:
5518:
5513:
5512:
5510:
5508:
5507:
5502:
5496:
5494:
5489:
5488:
5485:
5479:
5477:
5472:
5470:
5468:
5463:
5462:
5460:
5458:
5457:
5452:
5446:
5444:
5439:
5438:
5435:
5432:
5430:
5426:
5416:
5414:
5409:
5407:
5405:
5400:
5399:
5397:
5395:
5394:
5389:
5383:
5381:
5380:Fossa fossana
5376:
5374:
5372:
5367:
5366:
5363:
5360:
5358:
5354:
5351:
5341:
5337:
5334:
5330:
5326:
5321:
5303:
5301:
5296:
5295:
5293:
5291:
5290:
5285:
5279:
5277:
5274:Brown hyena (
5272:
5270:
5268:
5267:Hyaena hyaena
5263:
5262:
5259:
5256:
5248:
5244:
5238:
5236:
5231:
5230:
5228:
5226:
5225:
5220:
5217:
5209:
5205:
5201:
5197:
5193:
5188:
5184:
5163:
5162:
5161:
5160:
5158:
5156:
5152:
5148:
5126:
5124:
5119:
5117:
5115:
5110:
5108:
5106:
5101:
5099:
5097:
5094:Hausa genet (
5092:
5090:
5088:
5083:
5081:
5079:
5074:
5072:
5070:
5065:
5063:
5061:
5056:
5054:
5052:
5047:
5045:
5043:
5038:
5036:
5034:
5029:
5027:
5025:
5020:
5018:
5016:
5011:
5009:
5007:
5002:
5000:
4998:
4997:G. angolensis
4993:
4991:
4989:
4988:G. abyssinica
4984:
4983:
4981:
4973:
4972:
4967:
4961:
4959:
4954:
4952:
4950:
4945:
4944:
4942:
4934:
4933:
4928:
4925:
4923:
4919:
4909:
4907:
4902:
4900:
4898:
4897:V. tangalunga
4893:
4891:
4889:
4884:
4882:
4880:
4875:
4874:
4872:
4870:
4869:
4864:
4858:
4856:
4851:
4849:
4847:
4842:
4841:
4838:
4835:
4832:
4831:sensu stricto
4827:
4823:
4820:
4816:
4811:
4805:
4801:
4791:
4789:
4784:
4782:
4780:
4775:
4773:
4771:
4766:
4765:
4763:
4761:
4760:
4755:
4749:
4747:
4742:
4740:
4738:
4733:
4731:
4729:
4724:
4722:
4720:
4715:
4714:
4711:
4708:
4706:
4705:Paradoxurinae
4702:
4696:
4694:
4689:
4687:
4685:
4680:
4678:
4676:
4673:Otter civet (
4671:
4669:
4667:
4662:
4661:
4659:
4657:
4653:
4650:
4647:
4642:
4638:
4634:
4629:
4625:
4604:
4603:
4602:
4601:
4599:
4597:
4593:
4567:
4565:
4564:F. silvestris
4560:
4558:
4556:
4551:
4549:
4547:
4542:
4540:
4538:
4533:
4531:
4529:
4524:
4522:
4520:
4515:
4513:
4511:
4506:
4505:
4503:
4501:
4500:
4495:
4485:
4483:
4482:P. viverrinus
4480:Fishing cat (
4478:
4476:
4474:
4469:
4467:
4465:
4460:
4458:
4456:
4455:P. javanensis
4451:
4449:
4447:
4444:Leopard cat (
4442:
4441:
4439:
4437:
4436:
4431:
4425:
4423:
4418:
4417:
4414:
4411:
4405:
4395:
4393:
4388:
4387:
4385:
4383:
4382:
4377:
4371:
4369:
4364:
4363:
4360:
4354:
4352:
4347:
4346:
4344:
4342:
4341:
4336:
4333:
4327:
4321:
4319:
4314:
4312:
4310:
4305:
4303:
4301:
4296:
4294:
4292:
4291:L. canadensis
4289:Canada lynx (
4287:
4286:
4284:
4282:
4281:
4276:
4270:
4268:
4263:
4261:
4259:
4254:
4252:
4250:
4245:
4243:
4241:
4236:
4234:
4232:
4227:
4225:
4223:
4218:
4216:
4214:
4209:
4207:
4205:
4200:
4199:
4197:
4195:
4194:
4189:
4179:
4177:
4172:
4170:
4168:
4163:
4162:
4160:
4158:
4157:
4152:
4146:
4144:
4139:
4138:
4135:
4132:
4126:
4116:
4114:
4113:C. temminckii
4109:
4107:
4105:
4100:
4099:
4097:
4095:
4094:
4089:
4083:
4081:
4078:Marbled cat (
4076:
4075:
4073:
4071:
4070:
4065:
4062:
4056:
4053:
4049:
4048:sensu stricto
4045:
4040:
4026:
4024:
4019:
4017:
4015:
4010:
4008:
4006:
4001:
3999:
3997:
3992:
3990:
3988:
3983:
3982:
3980:
3978:
3977:
3972:
3966:
3964:
3959:
3957:
3955:
3950:
3949:
3947:
3945:
3944:
3939:
3936:
3934:
3930:
3926:
3923:
3915:
3910:
3906:
3900:
3898:
3897:P. pardicolor
3893:
3891:
3889:
3884:
3883:
3881:
3874:
3873:
3868:
3865:
3862:
3857:
3853:
3847:
3845:
3840:
3839:
3836:
3833:
3830:
3825:
3821:
3817:
3809:
3805:
3799:
3795:
3793:
3789:
3787:
3783:
3781:
3777:
3775:
3771:
3770:
3767:
3762:
3754:
3749:
3747:
3742:
3740:
3735:
3734:
3731:
3719:
3711:
3709:
3701:
3700:
3697:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3683:
3681:
3678:
3676:
3673:
3672:
3670:
3666:
3660:
3657:
3655:
3652:
3651:
3649:
3645:
3635:
3629:
3627:
3624:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3611:American mink
3609:
3608:
3606:
3604:
3603:
3598:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3586:Tonkin weasel
3584:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3521:European mink
3519:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3503:
3501:
3499:
3498:
3493:
3490:
3486:
3482:
3475:
3470:
3468:
3463:
3461:
3456:
3455:
3452:
3446:
3443:
3440:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3429:
3425:
3422:
3420:
3417:
3414:
3410:
3406:
3403:
3400:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3385:
3382:
3379:
3377:
3374:
3371:
3368:
3367:
3357:
3353:
3349:
3345:
3341:
3340:
3334:
3333:
3322:
3317:
3313:
3312:
3306:
3302:
3300:0-231-03733-3
3296:
3292:
3287:
3283:
3281:0-8018-7416-5
3277:
3274:. JHU Press.
3273:
3268:
3264:
3263:
3257:
3253:
3252:
3246:
3245:
3232:
3226:
3210:
3204:
3188:
3181:
3175:
3159:
3155:
3149:
3133:
3129:
3125:
3119:
3103:
3099:
3095:
3088:
3072:
3068:
3064:
3058:
3051:
3047:
3044:
3039:
3032:
3026:
3018:
3014:
3010:
3006:
3002:
2998:
2994:
2990:
2982:
2974:
2970:
2966:
2962:
2958:
2954:
2950:
2946:
2942:
2938:
2931:
2923:
2919:
2915:
2911:
2907:
2903:
2895:
2888:
2885:, Fall 2013,
2884:
2880:
2875:
2860:
2856:
2850:
2835:
2834:
2829:
2822:
2820:
2804:
2800:
2793:
2786:
2782:
2776:
2760:
2756:
2750:
2734:
2730:
2724:
2708:
2704:
2700:
2694:
2679:
2673:
2657:
2653:
2649:
2643:
2635:
2631:
2627:
2623:
2619:
2615:
2611:
2607:
2600:
2598:
2589:
2585:
2581:
2577:
2573:
2569:
2561:
2546:
2542:
2535:
2526:
2521:
2517:
2513:
2509:
2505:
2501:
2494:
2492:
2484:
2478:
2463:
2459:
2452:
2445:
2440:
2438:
2429:
2425:
2421:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2403:
2399:
2392:
2385:
2377:
2373:
2369:
2362:
2354:
2350:
2346:
2342:
2338:
2334:
2327:
2318:
2313:
2309:
2305:
2301:
2297:
2293:
2286:
2279:
2278:
2270:
2268:
2266:
2264:
2262:
2253:
2249:
2245:
2241:
2237:
2233:
2229:
2222:
2220:
2218:
2216:
2214:
2212:
2210:
2208:
2206:
2204:
2202:
2200:
2198:
2178:
2174:
2170:
2163:
2161:
2152:
2150:
2148:
2146:
2144:
2142:
2125:
2121:
2117:
2115:
2107:
2098:
2093:
2089:
2085:
2081:
2074:
2072:
2070:
2068:
2066:
2064:
2055:
2051:
2047:
2043:
2039:
2035:
2031:
2027:
2020:
2018:
2009:
2002:
1996:
1994:
1986:
1981:
1979:
1971:
1966:
1964:
1957:, p. 297
1956:
1951:
1943:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1925:
1921:
1919:
1910:
1908:
1906:
1904:
1902:
1900:
1898:
1896:
1887:
1883:
1879:
1875:
1871:
1867:
1863:
1859:
1855:
1848:
1846:
1838:
1833:
1831:
1815:
1811:
1805:
1803:
1786:
1782:
1778:
1771:
1755:
1751:
1747:
1741:
1732:
1730:
1728:
1726:
1724:
1722:
1720:
1718:
1716:
1714:
1712:
1710:
1708:
1699:
1695:
1691:
1687:
1683:
1676:
1674:
1672:
1670:
1661:
1657:
1653:
1649:
1645:
1641:
1637:
1630:
1628:
1626:
1624:
1622:
1620:
1618:
1616:
1614:
1612:
1610:
1608:
1606:
1604:
1602:
1600:
1598:
1589:
1585:
1581:
1574:
1572:
1570:
1568:
1566:
1564:
1562:
1560:
1558:
1556:
1554:
1547:, p. 151
1546:
1541:
1534:
1533:
1526:
1524:
1508:
1507:
1502:
1500:
1492:
1477:
1473:
1471:
1463:
1447:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1433:
1428:
1426:
1417:
1415:
1413:
1411:
1406:
1403:
1400:
1396:
1395:
1389:
1370:
1369:
1368:
1362:
1358:
1340:
1338:
1337:
1332:
1327:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1312:
1311:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1297:Forever stamp
1295:
1286:
1276:
1266:
1261:
1259:
1253:
1244:
1243:
1235:
1234:in Colorado.
1233:
1228:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1212:
1204:
1200:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1180:
1177:
1171:
1169:
1165:
1160:
1155:
1151:
1150:Aubrey Valley
1147:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1114:
1110:
1108:
1104:
1099:
1098:
1093:
1087:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1072:
1067:
1066:
1060:
1059:
1050:
1045:
1036:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1010:
1006:
1002:
1000:
995:
991:
974:
969:
967:
963:
959:
955:
951:
947:
943:
939:
935:
931:
927:
923:
914:
912:
911:American mink
906:
904:
900:
896:
892:
888:
884:
880:
876:
875:golden eagles
871:
869:
868:
863:
859:
855:
851:
847:
843:
838:
834:
825:
823:
819:
818:buffalo grass
813:
811:
807:
803:
799:
795:
791:
787:
786:Aubrey Valley
783:
779:
775:
771:
767:
763:
759:
755:
751:
747:
743:
739:
735:
731:
727:
723:
720:and southern
719:
715:
706:
697:
693:
691:
687:
683:
679:
674:
672:
668:
664:
660:
656:
652:
648:
644:
640:
631:
627:
626:predator-prey
622:
618:
616:
612:
608:
604:
603:
597:
593:
589:
582:
577:
568:
564:
561:
556:
552:
547:
543:
534:
525:
521:
517:
513:
511:
507:
500:
495:
481:
478:
472:
468:
466:
462:
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
438:
433:
431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
412:
408:
401:
396:
390:
386:
381:
372:
370:
366:
362:
358:
354:
350:
346:
342:
338:
334:
330:
326:
325:
320:
316:
306:
304:
303:Elizabeth Ann
300:
296:
295:IUCN Red List
291:
287:
283:
278:
276:
272:
268:
264:
259:
257:
253:
249:
245:
244:
239:
230:
226:
221:
218:
214:
209:
205:
199:
197:
191:
188:
187:Binomial name
184:
180:
179:
174:
171:
170:
167:
166:
162:
159:
158:
155:
152:
149:
148:
145:
142:
139:
138:
135:
132:
129:
128:
125:
122:
119:
118:
115:
112:
109:
108:
105:
102:
99:
98:
93:
88:
84:
78:
72:
67:
61:
56:
45:
41:
36:
32:
27:
22:
19:
9246:
9203:
9194:
9185:
9176:
9167:
9158:
9149:
9147:
9140:
9131:
9122:
9113:
9104:
9095:
9086:
9077:
9068:
9059:
9039:
9027:
9018:
9009:
9000:
8988:
8963:
8954:
8945:
8933:
8921:
8909:
8898:L. sumatrana
8897:
8888:
8876:
8864:
8847:
8835:
8823:
8814:
8805:
8796:
8784:
8772:
8730:
8721:
8709:
8697:
8681:V. peregusna
8680:
8668:
8635:
8626:
8606:
8594:
8581:Lyncodontini
8572:Ictonychinae
8556:M. zibellina
8555:
8546:
8537:
8528:
8519:
8511:M. flavigula
8510:
8501:
8493:M. americana
8492:
8472:
8460:
8448:
8436:
8424:
8413:Eira barbara
8412:
8386:
8378:M. personata
8377:
8368:
8359:
8350:
8341:
8321:
8305:
8296:
8288:M. canescens
8287:
8278:
8266:
8254:
8245:
8236:
8224:
8195:
8183:
8171:
8090:
8081:
8069:
8057:
8048:
8036:
8007:
7998:
7989:
7980:
7960:
7948:
7939:
7930:
7910:
7898:
7897:Cacomistle (
7889:
7877:
7866:Potos flavus
7865:
7835:
7826:
7817:
7808:
7788:
7776:
7767:
7747:
7735:
7726:
7714:
7702:
7693:
7684:
7675:
7655:
7622:
7563:
7554:
7545:
7536:
7502:
7493:
7473:
7457:
7445:
7433:
7418:(monk seals)
7374:
7365:
7356:
7344:
7332:
7323:
7311:
7299:
7290:
7281:
7255:
7246:
7189:
7181:A. townsendi
7180:
7171:
7163:A. philippii
7162:
7153:
7144:
7135:
7127:A. australis
7126:
7114:
7102:
7085:
7073:
7061:
7040:
7031:
7019:
7007:
6981:
6969:
6929:
6808:U. maritimus
6807:
6806:Polar bear (
6798:
6797:Brown bear (
6789:
6780:
6768:
6756:
6747:
6746:Sloth bear (
6721:
6709:
6697:
6685:
6635:
6626:
6617:
6608:
6599:
6590:
6581:
6572:
6560:
6549:Cuon alpinus
6548:
6539:
6523:L. mesomelas
6522:
6513:
6501:
6470:
6461:
6452:
6451:Pampas fox (
6443:
6434:
6425:
6413:
6401:
6392:
6376:S. venaticus
6375:
6363:
6351:
6350:Maned wolf (
6332:Cerdocyonina
6300:
6299:Fennec fox (
6291:
6282:
6274:V. rueppelli
6273:
6264:
6255:
6246:
6245:Arctic fox (
6238:V. ferrilata
6237:
6228:
6227:Corsac fox (
6219:
6210:
6201:
6200:Bengal fox (
6179:
6167:
6158:
6146:
6134:
6108:
6107:Island fox (
6099:
6087:
6020:H. sanguinea
6019:
6010:
6001:
5993:H. ichneumon
5992:
5983:
5971:
5959:
5950:
5941:
5929:
5917:
5908:
5899:
5890:
5873:
5864:
5855:
5846:
5837:
5828:
5820:U. edwardsii
5819:
5811:U. brachyura
5810:
5801:
5789:
5777:
5768:
5738:
5729:
5720:
5712:C. alexandri
5711:
5699:
5687:
5678:
5666:
5654:
5637:
5629:M. gambianus
5628:
5616:
5604:
5588:S. suricatta
5587:
5575:
5550:
5525:
5516:
5504:
5492:
5475:
5466:
5454:
5442:
5412:
5403:
5391:
5379:
5370:
5347:carnivorans)
5328:
5299:
5287:
5275:
5266:
5234:
5222:
5192:Herpestoidea
5155:Herpestoidea
5122:
5114:G. victoriae
5113:
5104:
5103:Cape genet (
5095:
5087:G. servalina
5086:
5077:
5076:King genet (
5069:G. piscivora
5068:
5059:
5050:
5041:
5033:G. johnstoni
5032:
5023:
5014:
5005:
4996:
4987:
4969:
4958:P. leightoni
4957:
4948:
4930:
4905:
4896:
4888:V. megaspila
4887:
4879:V. civettina
4878:
4866:
4854:
4845:
4830:
4814:
4787:
4778:
4769:
4757:
4745:
4736:
4727:
4718:
4692:
4683:
4674:
4665:
4563:
4554:
4546:F. margarita
4545:
4536:
4527:
4526:Jungle cat (
4518:
4509:
4497:
4481:
4472:
4464:P. planiceps
4463:
4454:
4445:
4435:Prionailurus
4433:
4421:
4391:
4379:
4367:
4366:Jaguarundi (
4350:
4338:
4317:
4308:
4299:
4290:
4278:
4266:
4257:
4248:
4239:
4230:
4221:
4213:L. geoffroyi
4212:
4203:
4202:Pampas cat (
4191:
4175:
4166:
4154:
4142:
4112:
4103:
4091:
4080:P. marmorata
4079:
4067:
4047:
4022:
4013:
4004:
3995:
3986:
3974:
3962:
3953:
3941:
3896:
3887:
3870:
3843:
3796:Superorder:
3790:Infraclass:
3600:
3546:Least weasel
3531:Haida ermine
3515:
3495:
3413:South Dakota
3337:
3310:
3290:
3271:
3261:
3250:
3242:Bibliography
3225:
3213:. Retrieved
3203:
3191:. Retrieved
3186:
3174:
3162:. Retrieved
3157:
3148:
3136:. Retrieved
3127:
3118:
3106:. Retrieved
3097:
3087:
3077:February 21,
3075:. Retrieved
3071:the original
3066:
3057:
3038:
3025:
2992:
2988:
2981:
2940:
2936:
2930:
2905:
2901:
2894:
2886:
2882:
2874:
2862:. Retrieved
2858:
2849:
2837:. Retrieved
2831:
2806:. Retrieved
2802:
2792:
2784:
2775:
2763:. Retrieved
2749:
2739:September 5,
2737:. Retrieved
2733:Parks Canada
2723:
2713:September 5,
2711:. Retrieved
2707:the original
2693:
2683:September 5,
2681:. Retrieved
2672:
2660:. Retrieved
2656:the original
2651:
2642:
2609:
2605:
2571:
2567:
2560:
2548:. Retrieved
2545:The Guardian
2544:
2534:
2507:
2503:
2477:
2465:. Retrieved
2461:
2451:
2404:(4): 581–5.
2401:
2397:
2384:
2376:the original
2372:www.pc.gc.ca
2371:
2361:
2339:(1): 67–73.
2336:
2332:
2326:
2302:(1): 15–22.
2299:
2295:
2291:
2285:
2276:
2235:
2231:
2227:
2184:. Retrieved
2177:the original
2172:
2168:
2159:
2128:. Retrieved
2124:the original
2113:
2106:
2087:
2083:
2029:
2025:
2016:
2008:
1985:Merriam 1896
1950:
1926:(126): 1–3.
1923:
1917:
1861:
1857:
1853:
1819:February 21,
1817:. Retrieved
1813:
1789:. Retrieved
1785:the original
1780:
1770:
1758:. Retrieved
1754:the original
1749:
1740:
1689:
1685:
1643:
1639:
1635:
1587:
1583:
1540:
1531:
1510:. Retrieved
1504:
1498:
1491:
1479:. Retrieved
1469:
1462:
1450:. Retrieved
1436:
1430:
1424:
1393:
1380:
1365:
1364:
1363:profile for
1360:
1334:
1328:
1309:
1305:Joel Sartore
1300:
1291:
1270:
1256:
1229:
1213:
1209:
1181:
1175:
1172:
1167:
1148:. Arizona's
1119:
1107:Saskatchewan
1105:in southern
1095:
1088:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1069:
1063:
1056:
1054:
1049:Conata Basin
1027:
1022:Conata Basin
1008:
1003:
987:
971:
965:
962:John Bachman
920:
907:
872:
865:
839:
835:
831:
814:
782:South Dakota
766:Conata Basin
722:Saskatchewan
713:
711:
694:
682:meadow voles
675:
667:horned larks
635:
610:
606:
600:
588:prairie dogs
585:
565:
539:
522:
518:
514:
503:
473:
469:
434:
425:
413:
404:
388:
361:Medicine Hat
332:
322:
312:
279:
275:prairie dogs
260:
251:
247:
242:
241:
237:
235:
224:
223:
195:
193:
177:
176:
164:
18:
9485:NatureServe
9394:iNaturalist
9271:Wikispecies
9195:M. sibirica
9177:M. putorius
9150:M. nigripes
9132:M. lutreola
9105:M. haidarum
9001:N. africana
8964:A. congicus
8955:A. cinereus
8946:A. capensis
8846:Sea otter (
8824:L. provocax
8731:I. striatus
8652:Ictonychini
8547:M. melampus
8459:Wolverine (
8437:P. pennanti
8360:M. moschata
8351:M. everetti
8297:M. leucurus
8255:A. hoevenii
8246:A. collaris
8196:M. capensis
8091:N. olivacea
8006:Olinguito (
7962:Bassaricyon
7949:P. pygmaeus
7879:Bassariscus
7852:Procyonidae
7827:S. putorius
7818:S. gracilis
7736:M. mephitis
7727:M. macroura
7621:Red panda (
7601:Musteloidea
7562:Ross seal (
7515:Lobodontini
7447:Neomonachus
7375:P. sibirica
7333:P. vitulina
7298:Grey seal (
7280:Harp seal (
7172:A. pusillus
7136:A. forsteri
6971:Callorhinus
6905:Pinnipedia
6864:Musteloidea
6636:C. simensis
6600:C. lupaster
6469:Hoary fox (
6462:L. sechurae
6435:L. fulvipes
6426:L. culpaeus
6322:(true dogs)
6281:Swift fox (
6256:V. macrotis
6148:Nyctereutes
6057:Caniformia
6002:H. ochracea
5960:B. nigripes
5951:B. jacksoni
5838:U. javanica
5755:Herpestinae
5730:C. obscurus
5721:C. ansorgei
5701:Crossarchus
5557:(mongooses)
5546:Herpestidae
5526:S. durrelli
5517:S. concolor
5467:G. fasciata
5404:E. goudotii
5325:Herpestidae
5235:P. cristata
5096:G. thierryi
5051:G. maculata
5015:G. cristata
5006:G. bourloni
4759:Paradoxurus
4717:Binturong (
4656:Hemigalinae
4633:Viverroidea
4596:Viverroidea
4555:F. nigripes
4407:Leopard cat
4392:P. concolor
4309:L. pardinus
4258:L. tigrinus
4249:L. pardalis
4240:L. jacobita
4231:L. guttulus
4204:L. colocola
3963:N. nebulosa
3933:Pantherinae
3813:Feliformia
3215:January 25,
3193:January 25,
2864:November 1,
2186:November 7,
1987:, p. 8
1837:Kurtén 1980
1692:: 160–168.
1452:February 8,
1164:NatureServe
1097:Zoo Diaries
1092:Toronto Zoo
992:, with the
804:, northern
581:prairie dog
465:conspecific
375:Description
369:Pleistocene
357:Sangamonian
351:deposit in
315:conspecific
9559:Categories
9168:M. nudipes
9159:M. nivalis
9123:M. kathiah
9078:M. erminea
9069:M. altaica
9019:N. frenata
9010:N. felipei
8980:Mustelinae
8722:I. libycus
8636:G. vittata
8502:M. caurina
8279:M. anakuma
8157:Mustelidae
8144:Mustelidae
8120:see below↓
8111:Mustelidae
8008:B. neblina
7919:(raccoons)
7890:B. astutus
7888:Ringtail (
7864:Kinkajou (
7836:S. pygmaea
7777:M. marchei
7635:Mephitidae
7503:M. leonina
7395:Monachinae
7366:P. hispida
7357:P. caspica
7154:A. gazella
7086:N. cinerea
6982:C. ursinus
6920:Odobenidae
6873:see below↓
6853:see below↓
6837:Pinnipedia
6755:Sun bear (
6722:T. ornatus
6711:Tremarctos
6687:Ailuropoda
6625:Red wolf (
6591:C. latrans
6514:L. adustus
6471:L. vetulus
6444:L. griseus
6374:Bush dog (
6265:V. pallida
6263:Pale fox (
6247:V. lagopus
6218:Cape fox (
6098:Gray fox (
5856:U. smithii
5688:H. parvula
5679:H. hirtula
5567:Mungotinae
5456:Galidictis
5429:Galidiinae
5357:Euplerinae
5340:Eupleridae
5329:sensu lato
5300:C. crocuta
5233:Aardwolf (
5164:see below↓
5105:G. tigrina
5078:G. poensis
5060:G. pardina
5042:G. letabae
5024:G. genetta
4922:Genettinae
4906:V. zibetha
4826:Viverrinae
4815:sensu lato
4810:Viverrinae
4779:P. jerdoni
4646:Viverridae
4605:see below↓
4544:Sand cat (
4351:A. jubatus
4176:C. caracal
4069:Pardofelis
3888:P. linsang
3829:Feliformia
3138:January 3,
3108:January 3,
2839:October 2,
2808:October 2,
2317:1807/70615
1970:Coues 1877
1864:(2): 422.
1791:October 9,
1746:"Timeline"
1545:Coues 1877
1343:References
1136:bordering
812:, Canada
730:New Mexico
647:house mice
607:Peromyscus
592:lagomorphs
551:copulation
542:polygynous
343:, such as
154:Mustelidae
73:Appendix I
55:Endangered
9615:Fur trade
9114:M. itatsi
9048:(weasels)
8911:Lutrogale
8848:E. lutris
8806:L. felina
8615:(grisons)
8538:M. martes
8481:(martens)
8399:Guloninae
8185:Mellivora
8058:N. narica
7999:B. medius
7990:B. gabbii
7981:B. alleni
7969:(olingos)
7938:Raccoon (
7790:Spilogale
7676:C. chinga
7657:Conepatus
7613:Ailuridae
7412:Monachini
7324:P. largha
6994:Otariinae
6957:sea lions
6952:fur seals
6943:Otariidae
6828:Mustelida
6799:U. arctos
6661:Arctoidea
6618:C. lycaon
6573:C. aureus
6503:Lupulella
6415:Lycalopex
6292:V. vulpes
6290:Red fox (
6254:Kit fox (
6229:V. corsac
5973:Herpestes
5586:Meerkat (
5345:(Malagasy
5247:Hyaeninae
5208:Hyaenidae
5123:G. felina
4537:F. lybica
4349:Cheetah (
4267:L. wiedii
4256:Oncilla (
4222:L. guigna
4193:Leopardus
4174:Caracal (
4167:C. aurata
4102:Bay cat (
4023:P. pardus
4021:Leopard (
3996:P. tigris
3954:N. diardi
3872:Prionodon
3772:Kingdom:
3761:Carnivora
3675:Galanthis
3356:643483454
3348:0027-9358
2765:August 5,
2662:March 11,
2550:August 6,
2467:August 6,
1760:March 18,
1590:: 99–114.
1331:Neko Case
1310:Photo Ark
1132:, in the
1018:DeltaDust
990:fur trade
968:in 1851.
930:Blackfoot
862:tularemia
854:red foxes
828:Mortality
806:Chihuahua
742:Meeteetse
724:south to
639:deer mice
560:altricial
506:nocturnal
477:preputial
445:vestigial
349:Illinoian
319:carnivory
309:Evolution
172:Species:
144:Carnivora
110:Kingdom:
104:Eukaryota
9585:Prairies
9537:Species+
9490:2.102031
9477:14001437
9412:11259518
9311:BioLib:
9256:Wikidata
9094:Ferret (
9028:N. vison
8889:L. lutra
8757:(otters)
8751:Lutrinae
8608:Galictis
8520:M. foina
8435:Fisher (
8323:Melogale
8306:M. meles
8226:Arctonyx
8071:Nasuella
8049:N. nasua
8026:(coatis)
7940:P. lotor
7716:Mephitis
7475:Mirounga
7225:Phocinae
7206:Phocidae
7075:Neophoca
7021:Zalophus
6928:Walrus (
6627:C. rufus
6609:C. lupus
6589:Coyote (
6424:Culpeo (
6365:Speothos
6301:V. zerda
6283:V. velox
6220:V. chama
5931:Bdeogale
5829:U. fusca
5668:Helogale
5638:M. mungo
5577:Suricata
5506:Salanoia
5413:E. major
5393:Eupleres
5224:Proteles
5213:(hyenas)
4977:(genets)
4528:F. chaus
4519:F. catus
4510:F. bieti
4390:Cougar (
4340:Acinonyx
4318:L. rufus
4316:Bobcat (
4265:Margay (
4247:Ocelot (
4220:Kodkod (
4141:Serval (
4104:C. badia
4093:Catopuma
4003:Jaguar (
3987:P. uncia
3976:Panthera
3943:Neofelis
3861:Feloidea
3792:Eutheria
3786:Mammalia
3780:Chordata
3778:Phylum:
3774:Animalia
3634:Sea mink
3435:Archived
3405:Archived
3384:Archived
3132:Archived
3128:KUSA.com
3102:Archived
3046:Archived
2973:40900753
2965:15335727
2889:(4): 22.
2759:CBC News
2634:25528029
2428:19203496
2130:June 14,
2054:49366571
1886:85863751
1698:23377649
1326:Survey.
1273:May 2024
1265:relocate
1185:Mark Rey
976:—
954:Townsend
938:Cheyenne
798:Colorado
770:Badlands
602:Microtus
426:Putorius
411:subgenus
407:whiskers
337:Beringia
256:mustelid
217:Synonyms
150:Family:
134:Mammalia
124:Chordata
120:Phylum:
114:Animalia
100:Domain:
60:IUCN 3.1
9570:Weasels
9464:1005873
9386:5218985
9262:Q402885
9096:M. furo
9041:Mustela
8990:Neogale
8837:Enhydra
8711:Ictonyx
8670:Vormela
8627:G. cuja
8554:Sable (
8461:G. gulo
8426:Pekania
8411:Tayra (
8208:Melinae
8020:Nasuina
7912:Procyon
7268:Phocini
6907:(seals)
6842:(seals)
6734:Ursinae
6676:(bears)
6671:Ursidae
6547:Dhole (
6337:(zorro)
6211:V. cana
6121:Vulpini
6089:Urocyon
6073:Canidae
5865:U. urva
5369:Fossa (
5289:Crocuta
4971:Genetta
4868:Viverra
4409:lineage
4331:lineage
4300:L. lynx
4156:Caracal
4130:lineage
4128:Caracal
4060:lineage
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2997:Bibcode
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