583:. The McGir team was then in a similar situation as Harvard, as they sought some team with which to play rugby football and no other club wanted to play that game. Harvard boys agreed to a rugby match with McGir under the condition the Canadians played the Boston Game. As McGill accepted, a two-game series was scheduled for May 1874 in Boston. The team captains sent letters detailing their respective game's rules and it was agreed that the first game would be played under Boston rules and the second under rugby rules.
669:
481:
587:
During the second game under the rugby rules, the
Harvard players easily adapted to the less restrictive rules of the game, such as the unlimited running and passing the ball or the more aggressive and constant tackling. Within a few years, Harvard had both adopted McGill's rules and persuaded other U.S. university teams to do the same. On June 4, 1875, Harvard played another rugby match v
26:
552:. They played mostly among themselves, though they organized a team of non-members to play a game in November 1863, which the Oneidas won easily. The game caught the attention of the press, and "the Boston game" continued to spread throughout the 1860s. Oneida, from 1862 to 1865, reportedly never lost a game or even gave up a single point.
586:
The first game, attended by nearly 500 spectators, mostly students, showed the kicking of a round ball as the most prominent feature of the "Boston Game". The
Canadians were easily defeated by a Harvard squad familiarised with the Boston rules in contrast to the lack of experience of McGill players.
709:
Any player when on the adversary's side of the ball must either walk toward the ball, or must walk toward his own goal in a line at right angles with that goal. Any player not complying with this law shall be considered as lurking, and shall not be allowed to touch the ball until he has reached a
578:
Like
Princeton, most of the surrounding universities preferred to play association football, so Harvard could not find an opponent, as they refused to play that style of game. Nevertheless, that situation changed in 1873 when the Harvard team received an invitation from Canadian
689:
When the ball passes over either side boundary it shall be considered dead, and the player first holding it shall be entitled to a fair kick, and shall carry the ball within bounds at right angles to the boundary line at the spot where it first
634:, who had become a fixture at the Massasoit House conventions where the rules were debated and changed, devised a number of major innovations. Camp's two most important rule changes that diverged the American game from rugby were replacing the
657:, marking the end of the rugby-style football played until then. Likewise the Boston Game was a milestone in the history of football in the United States and an evolution chain from association to American football.
836:
693:
When the ball passes over either goal in any manner other than to win a game, it shall be considered dead, as in Rule 5, and may be placed anywhere within a line drawn parallel to the goal, and 10 feet distant from
539:
followed suit in 1861. In its place, two general types of football evolved: "kicking" games and "running" (or "carrying") games. A hybrid of the two, known as the "Boston game", was played by a group known as the
419:, formed in 1862 and considered by some historians as the first formal "football" club in the United States. Rules allowed carrying and kicking and is considered the first step to the codification of rules for
719:
It shall be the duty of the umpires to settle all disputes, see that the rules of the game are complied with, name the victors in all matches, and perform in short all the ordinary duties of an umpire.
686:
The two end boundaries shall form the goals. To win a game, the ball must strike the ground beyond either goal, passing over it on the fly, but no game can be won on a fair kick.
700:
Any player is allowed to catch or pick up the ball. No player is allowed to run with the ball or to baby the ball unless pursued by an opponent, and then only while so pursued.
524:" style games, with huge numbers of players attempting to advance the ball into a goal area, often by any means necessary. Rules were simple, violence and injury were common.
1721:
870:
901:
390:
697:
The winner of the toss shall have either the warning kick or the choice of goals. The warning kick shall be taken from a point half-way between the two goals.
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331:
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618:" was established. Many college teams followed them, which led to a long decline of popularity of association football in North America.
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680:
The grounds shall not be less than 350 feet nor more than 450 feet in length; and not less than 255 nor more than 325 feet in width.
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1977:
754:
By PFRA Research (Originally
Published in The Journey to Camp: The Origins of American Football to 1889 (PFRA Books)
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346:
306:
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all began playing "kicking" games during this time. In 1867, Princeton used rules based on those of the
English
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A match shall consist of five games. The side winning 3 games out of 5 shall be the winner of the match.
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The game began to return to
American college campuses by the late 1860s. The universities of Yale,
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364:
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game in 1874, played under rugby football rules; the first game was played under the Boston rules.
1972:
1665:
1492:
1447:
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527:
The violence of these mob-style games led to widespread protests and a decision to abandon them.
453:
that they decided to embrace the game, leaving the Boston Game behind. The establishment of the
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No player is allowed to throw or pass the ball to another player unless pursued by an opponent.
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played their own local games, between sides made up of students. For example, students at
8:
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Nevertheless, after the series vs McGill, the
Harvard players were so enthusiastic about
1941:
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885:
560:
548:
in the United States, was formed in 1862 by schoolboys who played the "Boston game" on
536:
224:
149:
954:
928:
677:
The number of players upon each side shall not be less than ten nor more than fifteen.
595:
on
November 13. That game caused Yale to drop association football in favor of rugby.
575:
in 1869 with rules that resembled more association than any other form of "football".
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Best of the 1870s: The defining players and teams of college football’s first decade
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No lurking, striking, hacking, tripping, nor butting among the players is allowed.
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Old
Division Football: The Indigenous Mob Soccer Of Dartmouth College
824:
An
Historical Sketch of the Oneida Football Club of Boston: 1862-1865
716:
Each side shall appoint an umpire who shall select in turn a referee.
653:
The adoption of Camp's ideas derived in the sport currently known as
1926:
1896:
1876:
1575:
1021:
412:
1936:
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1346:
990:
25:
1799:
480:
457:
in 1876 would be a further step in the transition from rugby to
1946:
1901:
1891:
1841:
1600:
1457:
1412:
1057:
827:
by Winthrop S. Scudder - Library of the University of Wisconsin
118:
69:
39:
544:. The club, considered by some historians as the first formal
969:
BY PETER CARFAGNA at Harvard Rugby (archived, June 12, 2013)
1550:
1209:
1146:
683:
There shall be two end boundaries and two side boundaries.
598:
On November 23, 1876, representatives from Harvard, Yale,
535:, banned the play of all forms of football in 1860, while
431:. After Oneida disbanded, former members established the
672:
An Oneida FC formation, which showed 16 players on field
621:
442:
The rules were also the code used in the first (of two)
752:
No Christian End! The Beginnings of Football in America
982:
Camp and His Followers: American Football 1876–1889
1959:
871:"THE FOOTBALL H: A CRIMSON H ON A BLACK SWEATER
837:Remembering the first high school football games
520:, as early as the 1820s. They remained largely "
919:by Matt Brown on The Athletic, January 28, 2019
665:1874 Rules of the Boston Game were as follows:
496:By the early 19th century, as was the case in
1815:
1006:
571:, Moreover, Princeton and Rutgers played the
475:
384:
791:article by Michael T. Geary at academia.edu
1822:
1808:
1013:
999:
866:
864:
862:
860:
391:
377:
879:
873:The H Book Of Harvard Athletics 1852 1922
818:
816:
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801:
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446:between Harvard and McGill Universities.
1968:1862 establishments in the United States
977:
975:
960:
904:at cfbdatawarehouse.com (archived, 2014)
808:by Roger Allaway at sover.net (archived)
782:
780:
667:
479:
912:
910:
857:
806:Were the Oneidas playing soccer or not?
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733:
559:(then known as the College of Ottawa),
1960:
846:
811:
794:
297:Black players in professional football
1803:
994:
972:
622:Demise and birth of American football
614:rules, with some variations, so the "
907:
853:The Boston Game: Origins of Football
830:
757:
730:
616:Intercollegiate Football Association
455:Intercollegiate Football Association
606:met at the Massasoit Convention in
13:
1020:
922:
710:point on his own side of the ball.
531:, under pressure from the city of
14:
1994:
1829:
902:Harvard Yearly Results: 1873-1874
610:, agreeing to adopt most of the
433:Harvard University Football Club
24:
948:
936:
581:McGill University Football Club
1862:Composite rules shinty–hurling
1779:Attempts to ban football games
1758:Australian rules football card
933:by SCOTT MEACHAM at dartmo.com
895:
500:, schools and universities in
238:Close relations to other codes
1:
723:
644:and the establishment of the
43:
1983:History of American football
1887:International rules football
1732:Rugby league and rugby union
471:History of American football
302:Canadian football comparison
197:Origins of American football
191:History of American football
59:; 162 years ago
7:
1722:Gaelic and Australian rules
1707:Association and rugby union
984:By PFRA Research (archived)
10:
1999:
608:Springfield, Massachusetts
518:association football codes
476:Background and development
468:
464:
435:, which continued to play
1837:
1771:
1753:Association football card
1740:
1712:Canadian and rugby league
1692:American and rugby league
1679:
1631:
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158:
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125:
110:
100:
88:
80:
75:
53:
23:
1978:Harvard Crimson football
1717:Canadian and rugby union
1697:American and rugby union
660:
569:The Football Association
365:American football Portal
967:They Picked Up The Ball
876:(archived, 21 Ago 2010)
411:, was an early code of
332:Rugby league comparison
1748:American football card
1727:Gaelic and rugby union
1702:Association and futsal
673:
573:first collegiate match
510:Hanover, New Hampshire
493:
337:Rugby union comparison
317:Hall of Fame (College)
131:Country or region
30:An illustration of an
1687:American and Canadian
945:at CFL.com (archived)
671:
591:(lost 1–0), and then
514:Old division football
512:played a game called
483:
121:, Massachusetts, U.S.
1561:English school games
892:, May 16, 1874, p. 3
612:Rugby Football Union
542:Oneida Football Club
421:association football
417:Oneida Football Club
407:, also known as the
32:Oneida Football Club
1789:Oldest competitions
1433:International rules
843:, November 21, 2012
516:, a variant of the
439:under those rules.
150:World Championships
20:
1942:Universal football
1621:Uppies and Downies
1152:Lightning football
674:
537:Harvard University
494:
322:Hall of Fame (Pro)
18:
1955:
1954:
1797:
1796:
1556:Calcio Fiorentino
1534:
1533:
957:at Britannica.com
955:gridiron football
839:By Bob Holmes on
655:American football
647:down-and-distance
641:line of scrimmage
506:Dartmouth College
459:American football
429:American football
415:developed by the
401:
400:
183:American football
176:
175:
1990:
1824:
1817:
1810:
1801:
1800:
1772:Related articles
1661:Australian rules
1616:Royal Shrovetide
1473:
1472:
1139:Australian rules
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1001:
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943:History: 1872-79
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888:, clipping from
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841:The Boston Globe
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589:Tufts University
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225:First pro player
220:First pro league
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47: 1862-1865
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1872:Football tennis
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788:THE BOSTON GAME
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34:game played at
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1784:Oldest clubs
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266:Old division
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181:Part of the
54:First played
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1932:Tennis polo
1917:Samoa rules
1907:Parahawking
1852:Boston game
1741:Memorabilia
1680:Comparisons
1671:Rugby union
1656:Association
1505:Rugby union
1483:Association
1469:regulations
1438:Samoa rules
1418:Boston game
1373:Other codes
1162:Nine-a-side
1157:Metro footy
1124:Three-sided
1109:Rush goalie
1053:Five-a-side
1030:Association
886:"Foot Ball"
632:Walter Camp
484:The second
405:Boston game
352:NFL seasons
307:Concussions
276:Rugby union
251:Boston game
230:Walter Camp
19:Boston game
1962:Categories
1912:Polocrosse
1882:Footvolley
1763:Rugby card
1581:Marn Grook
1423:Eton field
1395:Lelo burti
1364:Wheelchair
1290:Wheelchair
1230:Wheelchair
1172:Variations
1092:Powerchair
1087:Paralympic
724:References
469:See also:
444:1874 games
246:Australian
215:First game
160:Paralympic
93:Team sport
1867:Disc golf
1847:Bossaball
1571:Harpastum
1566:Episkyros
1526:Sheffield
1521:Cambridge
1467:Rules and
1453:Universal
1443:Speedball
1428:Eton wall
1210:Seven-man
1195:Eight-man
1167:Rec footy
1099:Jorkyball
1070:Freestyle
638:with the
636:scrummage
626:In 1880,
600:Princeton
557:Princeton
533:New Haven
101:Equipment
1927:SlamBall
1897:Korfball
1877:Footgolf
1639:American
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1576:La soule
1493:American
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1242:Canadian
1205:Nine-man
1190:American
1182:Gridiron
650:rules.
604:Columbia
437:football
413:football
312:Glossary
261:Medieval
256:Canadian
169:Obsolete
126:Presence
1937:Teqball
1632:History
1596:Camping
1448:Swedish
1265:Masters
1215:Six-man
1129:Walking
1080:Footbag
1038:Amputee
690:struck.
561:Rutgers
486:Harvard
465:History
140:Olympic
96:Outdoor
81:Contact
62: (
1947:Volata
1902:Padbol
1892:Iomain
1842:Austus
1649:Modern
1601:Cnapan
1514:Former
1476:Modern
1458:Volata
1413:Austus
1390:Harrow
1385:Gaelic
1322:Sevens
1280:Sevens
1260:League
1220:Sprint
1119:Street
1104:Roller
1063:Indoor
1058:Futsal
630:coach
602:, and
563:, and
490:McGill
289:Topics
281:Soccer
119:Boston
70:Boston
40:Boston
1644:Early
1359:Touch
1354:Tambo
1337:Touch
1312:Beach
1302:Union
1275:Nines
1252:Rugby
1237:Arena
1225:Touch
1114:Swamp
1043:Beach
661:Rules
565:Brown
427:, or
342:Years
111:Venue
1551:Cuju
1546:Caid
1342:Tens
1327:Snow
1317:Mini
1200:Flag
1147:AFLX
1048:Crab
628:Yale
593:Yale
488:vs.
403:The
89:Type
64:1862
57:1862
1332:Tag
1285:Tag
1270:Mod
694:it.
508:in
172:Yes
84:Yes
68:in
38:in
1964::
1591:Ba
974:^
909:^
859:^
813:^
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461:.
423:,
164:No
154:No
144:No
117:,
44:c.
42:,
1823:e
1816:t
1809:v
1347:X
1014:e
1007:t
1000:v
392:e
385:t
378:v
66:)
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