634:
point over the fluid's service life. Ideally, silicone fluid should be used only to fill non-ABS systems that have not been previously filled with glycol based fluid. Any system that has used glycol-based fluid (DOT 3/4/5.1) will contain moisture; glycol fluid disperses the moisture throughout the system and contains corrosion inhibitors. Silicone fluid does not allow moisture to enter the system, but does not disperse any that is already there, either. A system filled from dry with silicone fluid does not require the fluid to be changed at intervals, only when the system has been disturbed for a component repair or renewal. The United States armed forces have standardised on silicone brake fluid since the 1990s. Silicone fluid is used extensively in cold climates, particularly in Russia and
Finland.
28:
20:
250:(ESP), as these systems often use micro-valves and require very rapid activation. DOT 5.1 fluids are specified with low viscosity over a wide range of temperatures, although not all cars fitted with ABS or ESP specify DOT 5.1 brake fluid. For a faster reaction of the ABS and ESP systems, DOT 4 and DOT 5.1 brake fluids exist with low viscosity meeting the maximum 750 mm/s viscosity at −40 °C (−40 °F) requirement of ISO 4925 class 6. These are often named DOT 4+ or Super DOT 4 and DOT 5.1 ESP.
40:
1998:
1988:
655:
624:
Brake fluids must maintain a low level of compressibility, even with varying temperatures to accommodate different environmental conditions. This is important to ensure consistent brake pedal feel. As compressibility increases, more brake pedal travel is necessary for the same amount of brake caliper
611:
Brake fluids must not corrode the metals used inside components such as calipers, wheel cylinders, master cylinders and ABS control valves. They must also protect against corrosion as moisture enters the system. Additives (corrosion inhibitors) are added to the base fluid to accomplish this. Silicone
220:
Lack of acceptance of silicone-based fluids led to the development of DOT 5.1, a fluid giving the performance advantages of silicone, whilst retaining some familiarity and compatibility with the glycol ether fluids. DOT 5.1 is the non-silicone version of DOT 5, defined by FMVSS 116 as being less than
633:
Glycol-ether (DOT 3, 4, and 5.1) brake fluids are hygroscopic (water absorbing), which means they absorb moisture from the atmosphere under normal humidity levels. Non-hygroscopic fluids (e.g. silicone/DOT 5 and mineral oil based formulations), are hydrophobic, and can maintain an acceptable boiling
274:
Quality standards refer to a brake fluid's "dry" and "wet" boiling points. The wet boiling point, which is usually much lower (although above most normal service temperatures), refers to the fluid's boiling point after absorbing a certain amount of moisture. This is several (single digit) percent,
637:
Brake fluids with different DOT ratings can not always be mixed. DOT 5 should not be mixed with any of the others as mixing of glycol with silicone fluid may cause corrosion because of trapped moisture. DOT 2 should not be mixed with any of the others. DOT 3, DOT 4, and DOT 5.1 are all based on
184:
While a vehicle that uses DOT 3 may also use DOT 4 or 5.1 (a temperature upgrade) if the elastomers in the system accept the borate compounds that raise the boiling point, a vehicle that requires DOT 4 might boil the brake fluid if a DOT 3 (a temperature downgrade) is used. Additionally, these
615:
The advantage of the Citroën LHM mineral oil based brake fluid is the absence of corrosion. Seals may wear out at high mileages but otherwise these systems have exceptional longevity. It cannot be used as a substitute without changing seals due to incompatibility with the rubber.
270:
calipers. It must have a high boiling point to avoid vaporizing in the lines. This vaporization creates a problem because vapor is highly compressible relative to liquid, and therefore negates the hydraulic transfer of braking force - so the brakes will fail to stop the vehicle.
197:
DOT 5 is a silicone-based fluid and is separate from the series of DOT 2, 3, 4, 5.1. It is immiscible with water, and with other brake fluids, and must not be mixed with them. Systems can change fluid only after a complete system changeover, such as a total restoration.
175:
All DOT compliant fluids must be colorless or amber, except for DOT 5 silicone, which must be purple. FMVSS Standard No. 116's scope is limited to fluid 'for use'. Brake fluid 'in use', or not labeled DOT compliant, is found in any color.
991:
Standard No. 116; Motor vehicle brake fluids Code of
Federal Regulations, Title 49 - Transportation, Chapter V - Part 571 - Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (49CFR571), Subpart B, Sec. 571.116 Standard No. 116; Motor vehicle brake
237:
For reliable, consistent brake system operation, brake fluid must maintain a constant viscosity under a wide range of temperatures, including extreme cold. This is especially important in systems with an
172:. These are widely used in other countries. Their classifications broadly reflect the SAE's specifications, DOT 3 is equivalent to SAE J1703 and ISO class 3, DOT 4 to SAE J1704 and ISO class 4, etc.
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205:. An advantage over other forms of brake fluid is that silicone has a more stable viscosity index over a wider temperature range. Another property is that it does not damage paint.
156:
SAE has published standards J1703, J1704, and J1705, reflecting progressively higher performance for brake fluids. These have counterparts in the international standard, ISO 4925.
994:
775:
144:
has published its standard ISO 4925, defining classes 3, 4, and 5, as well as class 5.1, class 6 and class 7 reflecting progressively higher performance for brake fluids.
294:
feeling. It can potentially suffer phase separation/water pooling and freezing/boiling in the system over time - the main reason single phase hygroscopic fluids are used.
212:. DOT 5 fluid can aerate when the anti-lock brake system is activated. DOT 5 brake fluid absorbs a small amount of air requiring care when bleeding the system of air.
638:
glycol esters and can be mixed, although it is preferable to completely replace existing fluids with fresh to obtain the specified performance.
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165:
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132:
Most Brake fluids are manufactured to meet standards set by international, national, or local organizations or government agencies.
279:(water absorbing), which means they absorb moisture from the atmosphere under normal humidity levels. Non-hygroscopic fluids (e.g.
936:"Online Browsing Platform ISO 4925:2020 - Road vehicles -- Specification of non-petroleum-base brake fluids for hydraulic systems"
2022:
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Brake fluids must have certain characteristics and meet certain quality standards for the braking system to work properly.
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It contains at least 70% by weight of a diorgano polysiloxane. Unlike polyethylene glycol based fluids, DOT 5 is
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918:"ISO 4925:2020 - Road vehicles -- Specification of non-petroleum-base brake fluids for hydraulic systems"
900:"ISO 4925:2005 - Road vehicles -- Specification of non-petroleum-base brake fluids for hydraulic systems"
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1181:"Viscosity of Automotive brake fluid – viscosity table and viscosity chart :: Anton Paar Wiki"
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1036:"Vehicle Maintenance: Brake Fluid DOT 3, DOT 4, DOT 5.1, and DOT 5 - Valvoline™ Global KSA - EN"
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Silicone based fluid is more compressible than glycol based fluid, leading to brakes with a
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varying from formulation to formulation. Glycol-ether (DOT 3, 4, and 5.1) brake fluids are
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957:"Code of Federal Regulations, § 571.116 Standard No. 116; Motor vehicle brake fluids"
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defines grades DOT 3, DOT 4, DOT 5 and DOT 5.1, where DOT refers to the
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Brake fluid is subjected to very high temperatures, especially in the
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189:-based fluids cannot be mixed with DOT 5.0, which is silicone based.
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is less corrosive to paintwork than glycol-ether based DOT fluids.
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1157:"49 CFR 571.116 - Standard No. 116; Motor vehicle brake fluids"
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How Stuff Works: What are the different types of brake fluid?
755:
1900:
1342:
1253:
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164:
The
Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (FMVSS) under
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Brake fluid is toxic and can damage painted surfaces.
413:
82:. It is used to transfer force into pressure, and to
715:
221:70% silicone. Above that threshold makes it DOT 5.
2014:
928:
870:"Chapter 7 : Basic Hydraulic System Theory"
283:/DOT 5 and mineral oil based formulations), are
741:
1011:"What are the different types of brake fluid?"
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1324:
16:Hydraulic fluid used for braking applications
910:
1205:"AN EXPLANATION OF BRAKE AND CLUTCH FLUIDS"
951:
949:
683:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
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1331:
1317:
894:
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124:-based (DOT 5) fluids are also available.
811:
703:Learn how and when to remove this message
298:Characteristics of common braking fluids
208:DOT 5 brake fluid is not compatible with
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26:
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317:Viscosity at 100 °C (212 °F)
314:Viscosity at −40 °C (−40 °F)
47:symbol indicating low brake fluid level
2015:
971:"Viscosity of Automotive Brake Fluids"
1583:
1312:
1078:"Brake Fluid Exchange and Technology"
599:"Wet" defined as 3.7% water by volume
1118:
786:Polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether
681:adding citations to reliable sources
648:
142:International Standards Organisation
1149:
806:Triethylene glycol monomethyl ether
781:Polyethylene glycol monobutyl ether
13:
1718:Continuously variable transmission
801:Triethylene glycol monoethyl ether
796:Triethylene glycol monobutyl ether
771:Diethylene glycol monomethyl ether
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224:
14:
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1133:"DOT Brake Fluid vs. Mineral Oil"
766:Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether
716:Castor oil-based (pre-DOT, DOT 2)
170:U.S. Department of Transportation
97:Most brake fluids used today are
1997:
1996:
1986:
1060:"DOT 5 Brake Fluid: Not for ABS"
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86:braking force. It works because
1455:2,4-Dimethyl-6-tert-butylphenol
1338:
1215:from the original on 2008-11-04
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2023:Vehicle braking technologies
1526:Automatic transmission fluid
1460:Dinonylnaphthylsulfonic acid
1412:Racing fuel (Tetraethyllead)
1234:"MSDS for DOT 3 brake fluid"
742:Glycol-based (DOT 3, 4, 5.1)
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127:
7:
1828:Semi-automatic transmission
840:Brake fluid pressure sensor
833:
776:Dimethyl dipropylene glycol
114:liquide hydraulique minéral
31:Brake fluid reservoir in a
10:
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1665:Internal combustion engine
1450:Dimethyl methylphosphonate
1064:www.freeasestudyguides.com
490:glycol ether/borate ester
470:glycol ether/borate ester
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1964:Hybrid vehicle drivetrain
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1758:Electrorheological clutch
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845:Hydropneumatic suspension
737:(yellow fluid) (methanol)
733:(red / crimson fluid) or
577:180 °C (356 °F)
574:260 °C (500 °F)
558:165 °C (329 °F)
555:250 °C (482 °F)
539:180 °C (356 °F)
536:260 °C (500 °F)
520:155 °C (311 °F)
517:230 °C (446 °F)
501:140 °C (284 °F)
498:205 °C (401 °F)
481:180 °C (356 °F)
478:260 °C (500 °F)
461:180 °C (356 °F)
458:260 °C (500 °F)
441:180 °C (356 °F)
438:260 °C (500 °F)
421:249 °C (480 °F)
418:249 °C (480 °F)
396:155 °C (311 °F)
393:230 °C (446 °F)
373:155 °C (311 °F)
370:230 °C (446 °F)
351:140 °C (284 °F)
348:205 °C (401 °F)
331:140 °C (284 °F)
328:190 °C (374 °F)
210:anti-lock braking systems
23:Old brake fluid container
1743:Dual-clutch transmission
1435:Butylated hydroxytoluene
1297:StopTech: Brake Fluid 1A
818:Di-2-ethylhexyl sebacate
240:anti-lock braking system
192:
179:
1713:Constant-velocity joint
1541:Windshield washer fluid
1485:Methyl tert-butyl ether
1465:2,6-Di-tert-butylphenol
1377:Lead Replacement Petrol
1040:www.valvolineglobal.com
629:Service and maintenance
1693:Automatic transmission
1392:Compressed natural gas
1241:Online.petro-canada.ca
1137:Epicbleedsolutions.com
812:Silicone-based (DOT 5)
166:FMVSS Standard No. 116
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36:
24:
823:Dimethyl polysiloxane
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30:
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2028:Automotive chemicals
1798:Locking differential
1733:Direct-shift gearbox
677:improve this section
320:Primary constituent
90:are not appreciably
1823:Preselector gearbox
1803:Manual transmission
340:castor oil/alcohol
299:
1969:Electric generator
1874:Wheel hub assembly
1445:1,2-Dichloroethane
1302:2011-10-11 at the
1263:. Total Motorcycle
1106:Trwaftermarket.com
997:2008-12-08 at the
828:Tributyl phosphate
791:Polyethylene oxide
533:ISO 4925 Class 5-1
311:Wet boiling point
297:
49:
37:
25:
2010:
2009:
1763:Epicyclic gearing
1632:Automotive engine
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1500:Tetranitromethane
1480:Metal deactivator
1440:1,2-Dibromoethane
973:. Anton Paar Wiki
761:Diethylene glycol
713:
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248:stability control
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2033:Hydraulic fluids
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1838:Torque converter
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552:ISO 4925 Class 6
514:ISO 4925 Class 4
495:ISO 4925 Class 3
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244:traction control
187:polyglycol-ether
66:applications in
64:hydraulic clutch
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1929:
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1846:
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1836:
1834:
1833:Shift-by-wire
1831:
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1826:
1824:
1821:
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1816:
1814:
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1676:
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1671:
1670:Petrol engine
1668:
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1663:
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1643:
1641:
1640:Diesel engine
1638:
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1629:
1625:
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1162:
1158:
1152:
1138:
1134:
1128:
1126:
1124:
1122:
1107:
1103:
1102:"Brake Fluid"
1097:
1083:
1079:
1073:
1065:
1061:
1055:
1041:
1037:
1031:
1016:
1012:
1006:
1000:
996:
993:
987:
972:
966:
958:
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728:
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707:
704:
696:
686:
682:
678:
672:
671:
667:
662:This section
660:
656:
651:
650:
642:
639:
635:
626:
617:
613:
596:
592:
585:
582:
579:
576:
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569:
566:
563:
560:
557:
554:
551:
550:
547:
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541:
538:
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532:
531:
528:
525:
522:
519:
516:
513:
512:
509:
506:
503:
500:
497:
494:
493:
489:
486:
483:
480:
477:
474:
473:
469:
466:
463:
460:
457:
454:
453:
449:
446:
443:
440:
437:
434:
433:
429:
426:
423:
420:
417:
415:
412:
411:
408:
405:glycol ether/
404:
401:
398:
395:
392:
389:
388:
385:
382:glycol ether/
381:
378:
375:
372:
369:
366:
365:
362:
359:
356:
353:
350:
347:
344:
343:
339:
336:
333:
330:
327:
324:
323:
319:
316:
313:
310:
308:
307:boiling point
304:
302:
301:
295:
293:
288:
286:
282:
278:
272:
269:
265:
261:
254:Boiling point
251:
249:
245:
241:
230:
222:
213:
211:
206:
204:
199:
190:
188:
177:
173:
171:
167:
160:United States
157:
155:
145:
143:
136:International
133:
125:
123:
119:
115:
113:
109:
104:
100:
95:
93:
89:
85:
81:
77:
73:
69:
65:
61:
57:
54:is a type of
53:
46:
41:
34:
29:
21:
1911:Racing slick
1848:Transfer box
1818:Park-by-wire
1813:Parking pawl
1728:Differential
1703:Direct-drive
1685:Transmission
1675:Steam engine
1620:Part of the
1619:
1530:
1490:Nitromethane
1430:Butyl rubber
1407:Butanol fuel
1290:
1265:. Retrieved
1255:
1244:. Retrieved
1240:
1228:
1217:. Retrieved
1208:
1199:
1188:. Retrieved
1184:
1175:
1164:. Retrieved
1160:
1151:
1140:. Retrieved
1136:
1109:. Retrieved
1105:
1096:
1085:. Retrieved
1081:
1072:
1063:
1054:
1043:. Retrieved
1039:
1030:
1019:. Retrieved
1017:. 2008-12-01
1014:
1005:
986:
975:. Retrieved
965:
939:
930:
921:
912:
903:
880:. Retrieved
876:
864:
850:Pascal's law
699:
690:
675:Please help
663:
640:
636:
632:
623:
614:
610:
595:
430:mineral oil
407:borate ester
384:borate ester
361:glycol ether
291:
289:
273:
257:
236:
228:
219:
207:
200:
196:
183:
174:
163:
151:
139:
131:
106:
99:glycol-ether
96:
92:compressible
76:light trucks
51:
50:
1889:Alloy wheel
1748:Drive wheel
1738:Drive shaft
1698:Chain drive
1531:Brake fluid
1382:Electricity
1372:Biogasoline
940:www.iso.org
922:www.iso.org
904:www.iso.org
748:Alkyl ester
523:≤ 1500 mm/s
504:≤ 1500 mm/s
475:DOT 5.1 ESP
424:≤ 1200 mm/s
376:≤ 1800 mm/s
354:≤ 1500 mm/s
285:hydrophobic
277:hygroscopic
264:drum brakes
203:hydrophobic
112:Rolls-Royce
103:mineral oil
101:based, but
78:, and some
72:motorcycles
68:automobiles
52:Brake fluid
33:Škoda Fabia
2017:Categories
1974:Alternator
1622:Automobile
1611:Powertrain
1521:Antifreeze
1350:Fuel types
1267:2018-05-25
1246:2012-06-04
1219:2015-05-26
1190:2018-07-06
1185:Anton Paar
1166:2018-07-06
1142:2018-05-25
1111:2018-05-26
1087:2018-05-16
1045:2024-06-14
1021:2018-08-12
977:2018-05-25
882:2018-07-06
856:References
729:, usually
722:Castor oil
693:March 2023
645:Components
583:≥ 1.5 mm/s
580:≤ 750 mm/s
564:≥ 1.5 mm/s
561:≤ 750 mm/s
545:≥ 1.5 mm/s
542:≤ 900 mm/s
526:≥ 1.5 mm/s
507:≥ 1.5 mm/s
487:≥ 1.5 mm/s
484:≤ 750 mm/s
467:≥ 1.5 mm/s
464:≤ 900 mm/s
447:≥ 1.5 mm/s
444:≤ 900 mm/s
427:≥ 6.5 mm/s
402:≥ 1.5 mm/s
399:≤ 750 mm/s
379:≥ 1.5 mm/s
357:≥ 1.5 mm/s
268:disk brake
1843:Transaxle
1808:Manumatic
1778:Gearshift
1650:Fuel cell
1559:Fuel card
1516:Motor oil
1367:Biodiesel
753:Aliphatic
664:does not
607:Corrosion
450:silicone
233:Viscosity
128:Standards
45:tell-tale
2002:Category
1941:Tubeless
1926:Run-flat
1906:Off-road
1723:Coupling
1645:Electric
1536:Gear oil
1397:Hydrogen
1387:Kerosene
1300:Archived
1213:Archived
995:Archived
834:See also
281:silicone
122:silicone
80:bicycles
58:used in
1470:Ecalene
1402:Ethanol
1161:Gpo.gov
735:ethanol
731:butanol
727:Alcohol
685:removed
670:sources
455:DOT 5.1
242:(ABS),
216:DOT 5.1
120:)) and
108:Citroën
88:liquids
84:amplify
1992:Portal
1952:Hybrid
1916:Radial
1894:Hubcap
1708:Clutch
1655:Hybrid
1624:series
1551:Retail
1509:Fluids
1362:Diesel
992:fluids
390:DOT 4+
292:spongy
246:, and
1936:Spare
1879:Wheel
1783:Giubo
1343:fuels
1340:Motor
1237:(PDF)
873:(PDF)
756:amine
435:DOT 5
367:DOT 4
345:DOT 3
325:DOT 2
193:DOT 5
180:DOT 4
1931:Snow
1921:Rain
1901:Tire
668:any
666:cite
414:LHM+
305:Dry
266:and
152:The
140:The
62:and
1884:Rim
679:by
262:of
148:SAE
118:LHM
2019::
1239:.
1211:.
1207:.
1183:.
1159:.
1135:.
1120:^
1104:.
1080:.
1062:.
1038:.
1013:.
948:^
938:.
920:.
902:.
891:^
875:.
94:.
74:,
70:,
43:A
1661:)
1657:(
1603:e
1596:t
1589:v
1332:e
1325:t
1318:v
1270:.
1249:.
1222:.
1193:.
1169:.
1145:.
1114:.
1090:.
1066:.
1048:.
1024:.
980:.
959:.
942:.
924:.
906:.
885:.
706:)
700:(
695:)
691:(
687:.
673:.
337:?
334:?
116:(
110:/
105:(
35:I
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
