562:
that has been said to be a reaction to the architecture of the 1940s, much of which was characterised by a retrospective nostalgia. Peter
Smithson believed that the core of brutalism was a reverence for materials, expressed honestly, stating "Brutalism is not concerned with the material as such but rather the quality of material", and "the seeing of materials for what they were: the woodness of the wood; the sandiness of sand." Architect John Voelcker explained that the "new brutalism" in architecture "cannot be understood through stylistic analysis, although some day a comprehensible style might emerge", supporting the Smithsons' description of the movement as "an ethic, not an aesthetic". Reyner Banham felt the phrase "the new brutalism" existed as both an attitude toward design as well as a descriptive label for the architecture itself and that it "eludes precise description, while remaining a living force". He attempted to codify the movement in systematic language, insisting that a brutalist structure must satisfy the following terms, "1, Formal legibility of plan; 2, clear exhibition of structure, and 3, valuation of materials for their inherent qualities 'as found'." Also important was the aesthetic "image", or "coherence of the building as a visual entity".
661:
5255:
78:
1078:
527:
85:
1440:
67:
646:
1507:
110:
376:
8576:
117:
53:
799:
510:, to characterise a somewhat recently established cluster of architectural approaches, particularly in Europe. In the book, Banham says that Le Corbusier's concrete work was a source of inspiration and helped popularise the movement, suggesting "if there is one single verbal formula that has made the concept of Brutalism admissible in most of the world's Western languages, it is that Le Corbusier himself described that concrete work as '
92:
1092:
1106:
5098:
1174:, with the Grade I listed Falmer House as its centerpiece. The building has been described as a "meeting of Arts and Crafts with modernism", with features such as hand-made bricks that contrast with the pre-fabricated construction of other 1960s campuses, and colonnades of bare, board-marked concrete arches on brick piers inspired by the Colosseum. It is also considered one of the "key Brutalist buildings" by the
103:
546:
60:
1406:
was designed by Warner, Burns, Toan & Lunde and built between 1968 and 1973. Although it has been called "a crowning achievement of the brutalist movement", its opening in 1974 came after public sentiment had turned against brutalism, leading to it being condemned as "a blunder on the grandest
561:
New brutalism is not only an architectural style; it is also a philosophical approach to architectural design, a striving to create simple, honest, and functional buildings that accommodate their purpose, inhabitants, and location. Stylistically, brutalism is a strict, modernistic design language
366:
Brutalism has been polarising historically; specific buildings, as well as the movement as a whole, have drawn a range of criticism (often being described as "cold" or "soulless") but have also elicited support from architects and a small number of local communities (with many brutalist buildings
1319:
and built 1969â70, it is said to "occup a fascinating nexus between brutalism and futurism" but was originally intended as a modernist building in steel and glass before cost considerations meant the structural elements were redesigned in concrete and moved to the outside of the building.
565:
Brutalist buildings are usually constructed with reoccurring modular elements representing specific functional zones, distinctly articulated and grouped together into a unified whole. There is often an emphasis on graphic expressions in the external elevations and in the whole-site
410:
over windows, exposed brick inside and out, and poured concrete in several rooms where the tongue-and-groove pattern of the boards used to build the forms can be seen. The term was picked up in the summer of 1950 by a group of visiting
English architects, including
338:
principles and soon spread to other regions around the world, while being echoed by similar styles like in
Eastern Europe. Brutalist designs became most commonly used in the design of institutional buildings, such as provincial legislatures, public works projects,
1024:, were sent to Vietnam during that time to help train new architects and played an influential role in shaping the country's architectural styles for decades. Isakovich himself also designed some of the most notable brutalist buildings in Vietnam, including the
868:
possesses numerous examples of brutalist architecture. In the years leading to the 100th anniversary of the
Confederation in 1967, the Federal Government financed the construction of many public buildings. Major brutalist examples, not all built as part of the
590:
included placing the facility's water tank, normally a hidden service feature, in a prominent, visible tower. Rather than being hidden in the walls, Hunstanton's water and electric utilities were delivered via readily visible pipes and conduits.
586:, designed in 1962, the strikingly different and projected portions of the building indicate the special nature of the rooms behind those walls, such as the mayor's office or the city council chambers. From another perspective, the design of the
1021:
995:. It is considered a prime representative of the brutalist architecture in Serbia and one of the best of its style built in the 1960s and the 1970s in the world. The treatment of the form and details is slightly associating the building with
1188:, including six linked halls of residence commonly referred to as 'ziggurats', is considered one of the finest examples of a 1960s brutalist university campus. Other notable examples include the Grade II listed lecture block at
1497:
due to materials weathering poorly in certain climates and the surfaces being prone to vandalism by graffiti. Despite this, the style is appreciated by others, and preservation efforts are taking place in the United
Kingdom.
956:, BoĆŸidar JankoviÄ was a representative of the so-called "Belgrade School of residence", identifiable by its functionalist relations on the basis of the flat and elaborated in detail the architecture. Known example,
1387:
in 1976 for distinguished accomplishment in library architecture. However, in recent years, as public attitudes towards brutalism have shifted, the library has been referred to as one of the "ugliest" buildings in
574:
among others. However, due to its low cost, raw concrete is often used and left to reveal the basic nature of its construction with rough surfaces featuring wood "shuttering" produced when the forms were cast
452:, United States, is notable as the first completed building in the world to carry the title of "new brutalist" by its architects. At the time, it was described as "the most truly modern building in England".
1163:, both also Grade II*), is described in its listing as "a distinctive example of a new approach to education buildings, from a period when the universities were at the forefront of architectural patronage".
605:, near the height of the style. Indeed, their work sought to emphasize functionality and to connect architecture with what they viewed as the realities of modern life. Among their early contributions were "
514:'". He further states that "the words 'The New Brutalism' were already circulating, and had acquired some depth of meaning through things said and done, over and above the widely recognised connection with
1032:
by the
Vietnamese government in 1976, is said to have deviated from the brutalist style and adopted Vietnamese traditional styles in his design, which has been referred to by some Vietnamese architects as
463:. In the essay, Banham described Hunstanton and the Soho house as the "reference by which The New Brutalism in architecture may be defined." Reyner Banham also associated the term "new brutalism" with
795:
was "pposed to what he regarded as the muscular posturing of most
Brutalism", some of his work "was surely informed by some of the same ideas that came to momentary focus in the brutalist position."
1589:
magazine's survey of architects as
Scotland's greatest post-war building, have been the subject of conservation campaigns. Similar buildings in the United States have been recognized, such as the
579:. Examples are frequently massive in character (even when not large) and challenge traditional notions of what a building should look like with focus given to interior spaces as much as exterior.
1139:
and Alex Hardy, with participation by students at the university. This inspired further brutalist buildings in
Cambridge, including the Grade II listed University Centre and the Grade II listed
406:, designed in January 1950 by his contemporaries Bengt Edman and Lennart Holm. Showcasing the 'as found' design approach that would later be at the core of brutalism, the house displays visible
1245:; 1964â66), described in its listing as "the foremost students' union building of the post-war era in England" but only saved from demolition in 2021 following a five-year campaign by the
1268:
is a rare example of an entire campus designed in the brutalist style, and was considered by him to be "the most complete realisation of his experiments with urbanism and monumentality".
633:). In Czechoslovakia, Brutalism was presented as an attempt to create a "national" but also "modern socialist" architectural style. Such prefabricated socialist era buildings are called
582:
A common theme in brutalist designs is the exposure of the building's inner-workingsâranging from their structure and services to their human useâin the exterior of the building. In the
1025:
4463:
1797:
999:
and is today one of the rare surviving representatives of this style's early period in Serbia. The artistic expression of the gate marked an entire era in
Serbian architecture.
1352:
has long been controversial for its use of brutalism and has been considered an eyesore on campus, deemed to have a "facade only a mother could love" by the university itself.
609:" in which traffic and pedestrian circulation were rigorously separated, another theme popular in the 1960s. This style had a strong position in the architecture of European
1457:
noted its unpopularity with the public, observing that a campaign to demolish a building will usually be directed against a Brutalist one. In 2005, the British TV programme
518:. The phrase still 'belonged' to the Smithsons, however, and it was their activities above all others that were giving distinctive qualities to the concept of Brutalism."
2567:
2299:
1571:
was listed as historically significant by the Uppsala county administrative board on 3 March 1995. Several brutalist buildings in the United Kingdom have been granted
1419:) is largely brutalist, designed as an expression of Afrikaans identity. Several universities in Southeast Asia also feature brutalist designs, including those at the
1428:
8418:
780:
570:
in regard to the main functions and people-flows of the buildings. Buildings may use materials such as concrete, brick, glass, steel, timber, rough-hewn stone, and
428:. She further stated: "It is our intention in this building to have the structure exposed entirely, without interior finishes wherever practicable." The Smithsons'
4342:
363:. Brutalism's popularity in socialist and communist nations owed to traditional styles being associated with bourgeoisie, whereas concrete emphasized equality.
1069:. In recent years, public sentiments in Vietnam towards brutalist architecture has shifted negatively, but the style is said to have made a comeback recently.
3997:
3067:
1300:
in 1965 and built between 1966 and 1976. Williams' brutalist design contrasts with the steep terrain of the area and was chosen in part because it provided a
3638:
1065:. However, whether South Vietnamese architecture prior to 1975 was brutalism or not remains a matter of dispute, with some architects argued it was actually
7043:
415:, Oliver Cox, and Graeme Shankland, where it apparently "spread like wildfire, and subsequently adopted by a certain faction of young British architects".
1645:
2622:
8625:
1124:
983:
at the top. It is 117 m (384 ft) tall (with restaurant 135â140 m (443â459 ft)) and is the second-tallest high-rise in Belgrade after
5283:
1713:
1561:, or composed of patterned, precast elements. These elements are also found in renovations of older Brutalist buildings, such as the redevelopment of
5141:
3657:
2097:
1420:
6005:
5303:
2360:
1264:
where, as department chair, he was both client and architect, giving him a unique freedom to explore new directions. Rudolph's 1964 design for the
1920:
5514:
5399:
3771:
2936:
7920:
4211:
3619:
1344:, a performing arts venue by Ralph Rapson from 1971 that has been called "the best example in the Twin Cities of the style called Brutalism".
4564:
7372:
3015:
418:
The first published usage of the phrase "new brutalism" occurred in 1953, when Alison Smithson used it to describe a plan for their unbuilt
5333:
5263:
4384:
1152:
7406:
1210:
with its surrounding colleges, designed by Robert Matthew, Johnson-Marshall & Partners, who would go on to build the universities of
4475:
4050:
2792:
2123:
1380:
8610:
7913:
5288:
2071:
3124:"Nos. 1-12 Scroope Terrace, the 1959 rear extension to no. 1 Scroope Terrace and the railings to the front. (Grade II) (1049092)"
2989:
1166:
The building of new universities in the UK in the 1960s led to opportunities for brutalist architects. The first to be built was the
660:
5254:
3679:
3591:
3542:
3511:
3480:
3449:
3418:
3387:
3304:
3273:
3242:
3185:
3154:
3123:
2962:
1686:
1368:
1349:
914:
4490:
Monzo, Luigi: PlĂ€doyer fĂŒr herbe Schönheiten. Gastbeitrag im Rahmen der Austellung "SOS Brutalismus â Rettet die Betonmonster".
1463:
ran a public vote to select twelve buildings that ought to be demolished, and eight of those selected were brutalist buildings.
8615:
8195:
6730:
6164:
3909:
3707:
4358:
4306:
2810:
8620:
7133:
6215:
5931:
5394:
5134:
4423:
4087:
3980:
3755:
3342:
2606:
2547:
1265:
1175:
2575:
5775:
5313:
4185:
946:
1856:
1530:, it has experienced a resurgence of interest since 2015 with the publication of a variety of guides and books, including
6513:
6496:
5897:
5507:
1819:
1312:
1117:
720:
with their early works. Some well-known examples of brutalist-influenced architecture in the British capital include the
7482:
5842:
3212:
1371:, the final design of the Lauinger Library embraces brutalism and was intended as a modern interpretation of the nearby
7550:
6401:
5389:
5278:
4894:
4668:
3890:
3684:
3620:"'No other Grade I listed buildings would be treated with such disdain': why Britain's brutalist gems are under threat"
3596:
3547:
3516:
3485:
3454:
3423:
3392:
3309:
3278:
3247:
3190:
3159:
3128:
5870:
4255:
2746:
Farrelly, Elizabeth (9 October 2010). "Watch this space â Brutalism meets beauty in the National Gallery's new wing".
147:
7629:
7624:
6469:
5960:
4557:
4537:
3041:
2730:
2491:
2177:
1954:
1273:
5887:
5483:
5343:
5127:
4434:
2638:
1580:
1553:
Many of the defining aspects of the style have been softened in newer buildings, with concrete façades often being
1384:
1203:
1062:
906:
831:
614:
445:
287:
for their pioneering approach to design. The style was further popularised in a 1955 essay by architectural critic
6635:
2515:
A. and P. Smithson, 'The "As Found" and the "Found", in, D. Robbins, ed., The Independent Group, op. cit., p. 201.
8605:
8600:
8055:
7528:
5819:
5735:
5298:
3828:
3726:
2767:
1285:
618:
1522:
Although the Brutalist movement was largely over by the late 1970s and early 1980s, having largely given way to
874:
440:, represent the earliest examples of new brutalism in the United Kingdom. Hunstanton school, likely inspired by
7808:
7357:
7216:
6980:
6000:
5836:
5545:
5500:
5353:
4870:
4713:
1515:
1424:
6897:
6650:
5209:
4136:
4055:
2664:
1412:
1389:
1360:
1242:
1013:
1006:, brutalist architecture is particularly popular among old public buildings and has been associated with the
934:
1466:
One argument is that this criticism exists in part because concrete façades do not age well in damp, cloudy
1237:(1963), one of only six post-1961 buildings to have been listed as Grade I by 2017, and the Grade II-listed
8279:
7651:
7492:
7320:
6125:
6037:
6010:
5338:
4998:
4902:
4768:
4648:
4550:
2721:. American Buildings and Their Architects. Vol. 5. New York, Oxford: Oxford University Press. p.
1666:
988:
910:
843:
827:
2914:
355:. The popularity of the movement began to decline in the late 1970s, with some associating the style with
8640:
8635:
8630:
7940:
7641:
6307:
5348:
5318:
5179:
4854:
4618:
3935:
3869:
3803:
902:
7594:
2364:
2044:
1890:
8237:
7853:
7676:
7050:
6664:
6640:
6193:
6152:
5865:
5384:
5374:
5323:
5273:
5070:
4822:
4703:
4643:
2885:
2436:
2417:
1629:
1416:
1272:
similarly designed the entire University of Illinois-Chicago Circle Campus (now the East Campus of the
1160:
1144:
1081:
725:
713:
492:
308:
31:
6588:
4280:
3778:
2016:
7436:
7315:
7271:
6679:
6322:
6290:
6188:
5674:
5379:
5078:
5006:
4673:
4623:
4159:
2748:
1602:
1594:
1576:
1408:
1246:
1198:
1185:
1099:
938:
701:
681:
602:
284:
17:
4229:
3419:"Norfolk Terrace and attached walkways, at the University of East Anglia (Grade II*) (1390647)"
8200:
8183:
7838:
7681:
7666:
7477:
7347:
7221:
7013:
6968:
6929:
6870:
6841:
6241:
5607:
5582:
5492:
5467:
5328:
5189:
5164:
4773:
1633:
1489:
Critics of the style find it unappealing due to its "cold" appearance, projecting an atmosphere of
1253:
859:
815:
756:
744:
7377:
7337:
2361:"Historian of the Immediate Future: Reyner Banham â Book Review Art Bulletin, The â Find Articles"
526:
483:
8361:
7698:
7538:
7293:
6902:
6848:
6452:
6295:
6210:
6137:
6076:
5150:
5014:
4728:
2506:
Hans Ulrich Obrist, Smithson Time (Cologne, Verlag der Buch- handlung Walther König, 2004), p. 17
2149:
1649:
1376:
1337:
1128:
1085:
1029:
1008:
367:
having become official, if not popular, cultural icons, sometimes obtaining a protected status).
7470:
7288:
6780:
2202:
1058:
878:
787:, particularly older stations, were constructed in the brutalist style. Architectural historian
8579:
8472:
8120:
8070:
8030:
7993:
7893:
7533:
6853:
6831:
6691:
5659:
5369:
5234:
5224:
5219:
5038:
4990:
4950:
4753:
4708:
4663:
1523:
1459:
1215:
918:
898:
835:
819:
729:
693:
531:
237:
159:
77:
3970:
3358:
3332:
2722:
2716:
1077:
224:
that emerged during the 1950s in the United Kingdom, among the reconstruction projects of the
84:
8110:
8085:
8050:
8020:
7986:
7908:
7686:
7661:
7276:
7155:
7060:
5619:
5541:
5424:
5214:
5194:
4910:
4653:
2327:
1590:
1403:
1289:
1281:
689:
191:
6538:
1123:
An early example of brutalist architecture in British universities was the extension to the
8232:
7813:
7582:
7487:
7281:
7211:
7127:
7001:
6804:
6630:
6430:
6120:
5955:
5860:
5794:
5725:
5644:
5634:
5624:
5046:
4918:
4886:
4743:
4718:
4628:
4385:"Historical Resources Inventory: Buildings and Structures: The Pirelli Building, New Haven"
4131:
2963:"KTS Garol Isakovich vĂ những cĂŽng trĂŹnh thá»i bao cáș„p á» HĂ Ná»i â Há»i Kiáșżn TrĂșc SÆ° Viá»t Nam"
2304:
2021:
1661:
1562:
1325:
1219:
1167:
1136:
992:
980:
847:
771:
was known for his "soft" approach to the style, often using curves rather than corners. In
587:
424:
131:
3680:"Dunelm House including landing stage, steps and attached walls (Grade II) (1477064)"
2768:"50 years on, nearly 900 centennial buildings still a symbol of national unity | CBC News"
882:
665:
8:
8455:
8040:
7956:
7925:
7803:
7766:
7567:
7453:
7300:
6973:
6659:
6645:
6251:
6174:
6052:
5972:
5950:
5174:
5102:
4958:
4830:
4763:
4658:
4574:
4492:
1606:
1511:
1297:
1054:
870:
839:
311:, was partly foreshadowed by the modernist work of other architects such as French-Swiss
303:("raw art"). The style, as developed by architects such as the Smithsons, Hungarian-born
221:
8534:
7778:
6312:
1474:. In these climates, the concrete becomes streaked with water stains and sometimes with
976:
8497:
8105:
8045:
7788:
7710:
7646:
7460:
7421:
7264:
7165:
7092:
6919:
6706:
6481:
6355:
6285:
6147:
6142:
5919:
5684:
5649:
5442:
5437:
5293:
5184:
5108:
4982:
4966:
4934:
4878:
4778:
4758:
4723:
4678:
4439:
2464:
2256:
2248:
2049:
1746:
1617:
1439:
1398:
Examples of brutalist university campuses can be found in other countries as well. The
1364:
1293:
1277:
1211:
1207:
606:
567:
496:
233:
8555:
7736:
7416:
5169:
3708:"Brutalist buildings: Yale Art and Architecture Building, Connecticut by Paul Rudolph"
1597:
has unsuccessfully campaigned against the demolition of British buildings such as the
677:
304:
8225:
8178:
8148:
8008:
7878:
7793:
7783:
7448:
7431:
7305:
6924:
6887:
6858:
6811:
6674:
6620:
6610:
6600:
6491:
6169:
6081:
6071:
6058:
6047:
5710:
5639:
5614:
5570:
5239:
5199:
4444:
4419:
4083:
3976:
3954:
Philip J. Trounstine (9 May 1976). "Evans Woollen: Struggles of a 'Good Architect'".
3751:
3338:
2860:
2835:
2726:
2658:
2602:
2543:
2487:
2468:
2456:
1950:
1721:
1554:
1345:
1329:
1321:
1226:
1189:
1140:
1017:
957:
894:
752:
441:
429:
330:
In the United Kingdom, brutalism was featured in the design of utilitarian, low-cost
320:
6462:
5882:
2623:
Habitat 67, Montreal's 'failed dream' â a history of cities in 50 buildings, day 35.
2260:
549:"TV buildings" named for the concrete window frames that resemble TV screens (
455:
The term gained increasingly wider recognition when British architectural historian
8561:
8507:
8465:
8168:
7961:
7599:
7506:
7384:
7097:
7080:
7038:
7033:
7028:
6946:
6892:
6615:
6560:
6457:
6425:
6396:
6275:
6268:
6263:
6236:
6098:
6093:
5770:
5531:
5054:
4638:
4317:
3675:
3587:
3538:
3507:
3476:
3445:
3414:
3383:
3300:
3269:
3238:
3181:
3150:
3119:
2448:
2240:
1637:
1527:
1393:
1356:
1234:
926:
886:
803:
784:
776:
583:
576:
229:
167:
163:
66:
8289:
2452:
1143:. The Grade II* listed History Faculty Building, the second building in architect
8482:
8339:
8314:
8264:
8188:
8013:
8003:
7898:
7883:
7863:
7746:
7656:
7619:
7604:
7352:
7259:
7201:
7023:
7018:
6775:
6744:
6696:
6386:
6317:
6302:
6130:
6108:
6029:
5977:
5967:
5939:
5892:
5875:
5799:
5740:
5730:
5669:
5447:
5404:
5204:
3745:
1641:
1610:
1572:
1490:
1467:
1444:
1399:
1316:
1261:
1193:
1156:
1109:
984:
922:
759:, is credited for introducing the Brutalist and Modernist architecture styles to
721:
610:
539:
412:
360:
183:
175:
6366:
4542:
3093:
862:'s government and institutional structures in Australia also exhibit the style.
8544:
8512:
8460:
8408:
8391:
8381:
8309:
7971:
7848:
7818:
7715:
7703:
7577:
7511:
7443:
7310:
7206:
6909:
6605:
6545:
6486:
6350:
6280:
5987:
5909:
5826:
5679:
5457:
4814:
4738:
4212:"First comprehensive review of the architecture of early apartheid in Pretoria"
2596:
2344:
1598:
1308:
1276:) under a single, unified brutalist design. Netsch also designed the brutalist
1113:
673:
630:
331:
187:
8125:
5994:
3186:"Florey Building with attached walls and abutments (Grade II*) (1393211)"
1367:
and opened in 1970. Originally conceived with a traditional design similar to
8594:
8445:
8413:
8274:
8269:
8252:
8080:
8075:
8060:
8035:
8025:
7976:
7636:
7614:
7545:
7411:
7240:
7143:
7119:
7102:
7070:
7055:
6836:
6826:
6821:
6725:
6474:
6435:
6374:
6200:
6157:
5926:
5855:
5787:
5629:
5523:
4688:
4448:
4022:
3330:
2712:
2460:
1725:
1506:
1453:
1269:
1132:
1050:
1046:
996:
788:
768:
764:
740:
709:
645:
456:
386:, Sweden. "New Brutalism" was used for the first time to describe this house.
288:
109:
7930:
7075:
6737:
4160:"The ugliest building in every US state, according to people who live there"
3639:"Durham University's Brutalist student building gets Grade II listed status"
1568:
511:
469:
399:
379:
293:
8524:
8477:
8433:
8423:
8386:
8356:
8319:
8294:
8284:
8247:
8090:
7873:
7741:
7465:
7394:
7191:
7114:
6865:
6816:
6720:
6701:
6669:
6566:
6506:
6501:
6246:
6066:
5904:
5762:
5745:
5705:
5700:
5654:
5592:
5419:
5030:
5022:
4693:
4603:
3068:"Southern Vietnamese Modernist Architecture is the Antithesis of Brutalism"
1341:
1333:
1257:
1238:
1181:
1171:
1095:
760:
748:
733:
705:
685:
626:
622:
478:
395:
312:
240:
over decorative design. The style commonly makes use of exposed, unpainted
139:
8519:
6380:
5119:
3155:"ENGINEERING BUILDING, UNIVERSITY OF LEICESTER (Grade II*) (1074756)"
1053:, notable buildings that are said to carry brutalist elements include the
842:, the MUSE building (also referred to as C7A MUSE) which was the original
8440:
8403:
8344:
8220:
8215:
8210:
8158:
8153:
8095:
7998:
7935:
7888:
7828:
7798:
7720:
7562:
7400:
7389:
7362:
7332:
7196:
7170:
7087:
7008:
6996:
6951:
6941:
6936:
6914:
6875:
6711:
6686:
6571:
6533:
6440:
6408:
6360:
6088:
6016:
5809:
5750:
5664:
5602:
5562:
5432:
4942:
4862:
4806:
4748:
4733:
4593:
3388:"FALMER HOUSE INCLUDING MOAT WITHIN COURTYARD (Grade II*) (1381044)"
2939:[Isakovich and the evolution of Soviet architecture in Vietnam].
2599:
Modernism In-Between: The Mediatory Architectures of Socialist Yugoslavia
2244:
1621:
1585:
1494:
1471:
987:. The building was designed in the brutalist style with some elements of
823:
775:, Georgia, the architectural style was introduced to Buckhead's affluent
717:
459:
used it to identify both an ethic and aesthetic style, in his 1955 essay
356:
324:
2437:"Between Brutalists. The Banham Hypothesis and the Smithson Way of Life"
2252:
2228:
1972:
Hans Asplund's letter to Eric De Mare, Architectural Review, August 1956
116:
8487:
8299:
8259:
8205:
8173:
8065:
7903:
7858:
7751:
7557:
7367:
7235:
6956:
6758:
6550:
6391:
6179:
5945:
5850:
5814:
5804:
5782:
5597:
5587:
5575:
5527:
5452:
5429:
5308:
5229:
4798:
4683:
4518:
Il Brutalismo paulista, L'architettura brasiliana tra teoria e progetto
4511:
Architettura estrema, il Neobrutalismo alla prova della contemporaneitĂ
4459:
4105:"Lauinger: The Past, Present and Future of Georgetown's 'Ugly' Library"
3569:
3512:"Former Langwith College, University of York (Grade II) (1457043)"
1988:
The New Brutalism, Reyner Banham, Architectural Press, London 1966, p10
1714:"Socialist modernism: remembering the architecture of the eastern bloc"
1625:
1372:
1307:
One of the most famous brutalist buildings in the United States is the
964:
890:
792:
697:
649:
601:
ideology, which tended to be supported by its designers, especially by
477:
architecture is the proto-brutalist work of the Swiss-French architect
473:, meaning "raw concrete" in French, for the first time. The best-known
375:
340:
316:
253:
52:
798:
634:
8549:
8539:
8502:
8334:
8324:
8304:
8130:
8100:
7833:
7756:
7175:
6961:
6798:
6555:
6256:
6205:
6103:
5914:
5720:
5691:
5462:
5414:
5409:
5062:
4698:
4613:
4416:
The Art of Brutalism: Rescuing Hope from Catastrophe in 1950s Britain
4343:
Five architectural treasures we must save from the UK's heritage war.
3331:
Christopher Breward; Fiona Fisher; Ghislaine Wood (22 October 2015).
2686:
2154:
1301:
1066:
1038:
1012:
era (lit: subsidizing), the period during which the country followed
855:
851:
830:
at the University of Sydney (his State Office Block is another), the
811:
595:
594:
Brutalism as an architectural philosophy was often associated with a
488:
352:
335:
276:
272:
249:
135:
5522:
3975:. Saint Paul, Minnesota: Minnesota Historical Society. p. 148.
3450:"Lecture Theatre Block, Brunel University (Grade II) (1400162)"
2330:: A Guide to Concrete Architecture from the Fifties to the Seventies
979:. It is formed by two towers connected with a two-storey bridge and
8529:
8450:
8398:
8329:
8242:
8163:
8115:
7981:
7966:
7823:
7761:
7693:
7587:
7572:
7246:
7160:
7150:
7138:
6882:
6345:
6042:
5982:
4926:
4838:
4633:
4588:
4109:
3910:"AD Classics: Geisel Library / William L. Pereira & Associates"
2568:"Featured Plan: Smithsons' Golden Lane Project (1952) â GRIDS blog"
2150:"Brutalism in design: its history and evolution in modern websites"
1616:
Notable buildings that have been demolished include the Smithson's
1230:
968:
942:
653:
550:
500:
464:
299:
241:
225:
91:
3042:"NgĂŽ Viáșżt ThỄ - NgÆ°á»i táșĄo nĂȘn biá»u tÆ°á»Łng Dinh Äá»c Láșp cho SĂ i GĂČn"
2818:
The Journal of the Society for the Study of Architecture in Canada
1328:, a performing arts facility that opened in 1963 on the campus of
1091:
7868:
7671:
7609:
7426:
7325:
7065:
6792:
6625:
6231:
5831:
5715:
4846:
4598:
2917:[Architects ask for the protection of the Western Gate].
2124:"The history of Brutalist architecture in NYC affordable housing"
1947:
Guide till Sveriges Arkitektur : Byggnadskonst Under 1000 Ă
r
1105:
1003:
930:
772:
449:
437:
433:
403:
383:
344:
179:
151:
143:
6787:
4186:"AD Classics: Robarts Library / Warner, Burns, Toan & Lunde"
4104:
2811:"Manitoba Theatre Centre, 174 Market Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba"
1687:"Reclaiming Polish Brutalism: Discover the Emblems of Communism"
1061:, the first Asian architect to become an Honorary Fellow of the
8492:
8351:
7843:
7773:
7342:
7254:
7109:
6340:
4051:"Eight Things You May (or May Not) Know about Lauinger Library"
3543:"Derwent College, University of York (Grade II) (1457040)"
3274:"Central buildings Churchill College (Grade II) (1227706)"
1824:
1558:
1479:
972:
961:
953:
865:
598:
571:
554:
535:
407:
261:
5097:
283:
the term "new brutalism" was first used by British architects
279:
of architecture in the 1940s. Derived from the Swedish phrase
6576:
5472:
2718:
The Impact of European Modernism in the Mid-twentieth Century
2300:"School at Hunstanton, Norfolk, by Alison and Peter Smithson"
1775:
1483:
668:(1980) is an example of Brutalist architecture in Puerto Rico
348:
265:
257:
245:
3481:"Central Hall, University of York (Grade II) (1456551)"
2597:
KuliÄ, Vladimir; MrduljaĆĄ, Maroje; Thaler, Wolfgang (2012).
1225:
A notable pairing of brutalist campus buildings is found at
102:
8428:
7230:
4316:. National Ready Mixed Concrete Association. Archived from
2484:
Guide till Sveriges Arkitektur: Byggnadskonst Under 1000 Ă
r
2072:"A Movement in a Moment: Brutalism | Architecture | Agenda"
1475:
1028:(1985). In his later years, Isakovich, who was awarded the
419:
291:, who also associated the movement with the French phrases
545:
59:
8419:
Art in the Protestant Reformation and Counter-Reformation
4538:"The incredible hulks: Jonathan Meades' A-Z of Brutalism"
3857:. Palm Springs, CA: Palm Springs Preservation Foundation.
2178:"The incredible hulks: Jonathan Meades' A-Z of brutalism"
676:, architects associated with the brutalist style include
4435:"Can Poland's Faded Brutalist Architecture Be Redeemed?"
4256:"Brutalist and Modernist architecture in Southeast Asia"
3891:"The 17 Most Beautiful Brutalist Buildings in the World"
2276:, Reyner Banham, Architectural Press, London 1966, p. 19
4520:, Manifesto Libri, Roma ISBN 978872859759, pp. 335
3874:
3243:"Cambridge University Centre (Grade II) (1407952)"
2937:"Isakovich vĂ sá»± biáșżn Äá»i kiáșżn trĂșc LiĂȘn XĂŽ á» Viá»t Nam"
2388:, Reyner Banham, Architectural Press, London 1966 p. 16
1801:
Facta Universitatis: Architecture and Civil Engineering
1421:
Ho Chi Minh City Medicine and Pharmaceutical University
506:
Banham further expanded his thoughts in the 1966 book,
1891:"Brutalist Architecture London | A Guide To Brutalism"
1798:
Brutalism in Serbian Architecture: Style or Necessity?
1252:
One of the earliest brutalist buildings in the US was
1026:
Vietnam-Soviet Friendship Palace of Culture and Labour
3305:"History Faculty Building (Grade II*) (1380217)"
2678:
Trounstine, Philip J. (9 May 1976). "Evans Woollen".
2677:
4527:, EPFL Press, Lausanne, 2023, ISBN 978-2-88915-510-1
3953:
3213:"Cambridge in Concrete: the boom years of Brutalism"
2340:
2338:
2098:"Brutalist architecture and its unusual, raw appeal"
1336:, was praised for its bold and dramatic design. The
394:(new brutalism) was coined by the Swedish architect
4504:
Pure and simple, the architecture of New Brutalism,
3870:"The 9 Brutalist Wonders of the Architecture World"
3855:
E. Stewart Williams: A Tribute to His Work and Life
3674:
3586:
3537:
3506:
3475:
3444:
3413:
3382:
3299:
3268:
3237:
3180:
3149:
3118:
2912:
2745:
1796:ÄorÄe, AlfireviÄ & SimonoviÄ AlfireviÄ, Sanja:
1493:, as well as the association of the buildings with
4464:"Historian of the Immediate Future: Reyner Banham"
4023:"About Faner Hall | College of Liberal Arts | SIU"
3334:British Design: Tradition and Modernity after 1948
4572:
2645:. Archived from the original on 11 September 2016
2542:. London: Laurence King Publishing. p. 277.
2335:
275:, brutalism is said to be a reaction against the
8592:
2045:"The Unexpectedly Tropical History of Brutalism"
1921:"The concrete truth? Brutalism can be beautiful"
613:countries from the mid-1960s to the late 1980s (
30:"Brutalism" redirects here. For other uses, see
3933:
3888:
767:is known for his brutalist academic buildings.
3570:"England's youngest Grade I listed structures"
2990:"10 Reasons why architects must visit Vietnam"
2687:"Prominent local architect Woollen Dies at 88"
2288:, Alexander Clement, Second Edition, Chapter 3
1135:, the head of the department, and designed by
422:house which appeared in the November issue of
228:era. Brutalist buildings are characterised by
5508:
5135:
4558:
4413:
4183:
3907:
3727:"UMass Dartmouth's Brutalist Style is brutal"
3705:
1984:
1982:
1980:
1978:
1510:After two unsuccessful proposals to demolish
3867:
2574:. USC School of Architecture. Archived from
1820:"The Dezeen guide to Brutalist architecture"
1153:University of Leicester Engineering Building
779:with the Ted Levy-designed Plaza Towers and
436:, and the Sugden House completed in 1955 in
5149:
4209:
3655:
3636:
3617:
3592:"Kingsgate Bridge (Grade I) (1119766)"
3337:. Bloomsbury Publishing. pp. 106â107.
2861:"Centar za stanovanje â Center for Housing"
2836:"Centar za stanovanje â Center for Housing"
2481:
1944:
1854:
1557:to create a stone-like surface, covered in
8626:Architecture in England by period or style
5515:
5501:
5142:
5128:
4565:
4551:
4273:
3995:
3743:
3724:
3658:"Save Dunelm House from the wrecking ball"
3016:"Vietnam: People with Resilience and Grit"
2402:. London: Architectural Press. p. 41.
2325:McClelland, Michael, and Graeme Stewart, "
1975:
1857:"Brutalist architecture â a retrospective"
1803:(NiĆĄ), Vol. 15, No. 3 (2017), pp. 317â331.
1447:(1962) in Glasgow were demolished in 1993.
783:condominiums. Many of the stations of the
656:, Quebec, Canada, is a Brutalist building.
4307:"CIP 25 â Corrosion of Steel in Concrete"
4077:
3808:Architecture at the University of Chicago
1914:
1912:
1813:
1811:
1809:
1518:listed building status in September 2013.
1470:such as those of northwestern Europe and
1379:building. The building once received the
1072:
256:colour palette; other materials, such as
4281:"Nasty, brutish and tall â Architecture"
2915:"ĐŃŃ
ĐžŃĐ”ĐșŃĐ” ŃŃажД Đ·Đ°ŃŃĐžŃŃ ĐĐ°ĐżĐ°ĐŽĐœĐ” ĐșапОŃĐ”"
2561:
2559:
2286:Brutalism: Post-War British Architecture
2147:
1575:status as historic, and others, such as
1505:
1438:
1369:other buildings at Georgetown University
1104:
1090:
1076:
850:before the new library replaced it, and
797:
659:
644:
544:
525:
374:
4525:New Brutalism. The Invention of a Style
3968:
2908:
2906:
2808:
2415:
2297:
1817:
1711:
1350:Southern Illinois University Carbondale
755:, a pacesetter among architects in the
14:
8593:
8196:Contemporary Indigenous Australian art
4102:
3852:
3750:. Yale University Press. p. 128.
2762:
2760:
2565:
2537:
2434:
2418:"Spotlight: Alison and Peter Smithson"
2397:
2226:
2175:
2171:
2169:
2167:
2165:
2095:
2042:
2014:
1909:
1806:
960:also known as the Genex Tower is a 36-
814:, examples of the brutalist style are
508:The New Brutalism: Ethic or Aesthetic?
6216:Art of the late 16th century in Milan
5496:
5123:
4546:
4458:
4432:
4045:
4043:
3998:"SIU's Faner Hall myths and mystique"
3094:"Phong cĂĄch nhĂ 'nhÆ° lĂŽ cá»t' trá» láșĄi"
3039:
2930:
2928:
2711:
2628:, 13 May 2015. Retrieved 3 June 2017.
2556:
2435:Heuvel, Dirk van den (4 March 2015).
2411:
2409:
2176:Meades, Jonathan (13 February 2014).
2121:
2010:
2008:
2006:
2004:
2002:
2000:
1998:
1996:
1994:
1968:
1966:
1850:
1848:
1846:
1844:
1842:
1769:
1767:
1266:University of Massachusetts Dartmouth
1176:Royal Institute of British Architects
232:constructions that showcase the bare
4418:. New Haven: Yale University Press.
4253:
4157:
3013:
2987:
2903:
2793:"Brutalist Architecture in Winnipeg"
2540:A New History of Modern Architecture
1885:
1883:
1881:
1879:
1877:
1773:
1648:in Washington, D.C. (2014), and the
1603:Trinity Square multi-storey car park
1084:'s History Faculty Building (1968),
901:, and several metro stations on the
444:'s 1946 Alumni Memorial Hall at the
4390:. Connecticut Historical Commission
3706:Jessica Mairs (26 September 2014).
2798:. Winnipeg Architecture Foundation.
2757:
2162:
1938:
1918:
1818:Hopkins, Owen (10 September 2014).
1501:
1411:in Johannesburg, South Africa (now
1313:University of California, San Diego
1118:University of California, San Diego
24:
7551:Vienna School of Fantastic Realism
6402:Neoclassical architecture in Milan
4406:
4230:"Johannesburg the Segregated city"
4040:
3908:David Langdon (11 November 2014).
3685:National Heritage List for England
3637:Engelbrecht, Gavin (9 July 2021).
3597:National Heritage List for England
3548:National Heritage List for England
3517:National Heritage List for England
3486:National Heritage List for England
3455:National Heritage List for England
3424:National Heritage List for England
3393:National Heritage List for England
3310:National Heritage List for England
3279:National Heritage List for England
3248:National Heritage List for England
3191:National Heritage List for England
3160:National Heritage List for England
3129:National Heritage List for England
2960:
2934:
2925:
2913:Daliborka MuÄibabiÄ (8 May 2019).
2475:
2406:
2298:Johnson, Philip (19 August 1954).
2043:Snyder, Michael (15 August 2019).
2015:Banham, Reyner (9 December 1955).
1991:
1963:
1839:
1764:
1514:(1969, Lancashire, UK), it gained
1304:from the surrounding environment.
25:
8652:
8611:20th-century architectural styles
7625:American Figurative Expressionism
5961:International Gothic art in Italy
4531:
4433:Kapur, Akash (October 18, 2018).
2524:Published Letter, John Voelcker,
2332:, Coach House Books, 2007, p. 12.
2148:Levanier, Johnny (30 June 2021).
1874:
1646:Third Church of Christ, Scientist
1340:'s West Bank campus features the
1274:University of Illinois at Chicago
495:in India; and the 1955 church of
8575:
8574:
7134:Neue KĂŒnstlervereinigung MĂŒnchen
5253:
5096:
4496:, 27. February 2018, p. 6.
4377:
4351:
4335:
4299:
4247:
4222:
3889:Jessica Cherner (6 April 2022).
3747:The Architecture of Paul Rudolph
3656:Rowan Moore (12 February 2017).
3014:Paul, Suneet (3 February 2023).
2988:Jain, Kripa (13 December 2020).
2486:. Stockholm: Arkitektur Förlag.
2363:. 30 August 2007. Archived from
2227:Vidler, Anthony (October 2011).
1949:. Stockholm: Arkitektur Förlag.
1712:Larsson, Naomi (6 August 2023).
1605:but successfully in the case of
1385:American Institute of Architects
1131:in 1959 under the influenced of
1063:American Institute of Architects
975:, which was designed in 1977 by
907:Confederation Centre of the Arts
446:Illinois Institute of Technology
115:
108:
101:
90:
83:
76:
65:
58:
51:
8056:Tunisian collaborative painting
7529:International Typographic Style
4210:Kathy Munro (5 February 2022).
4203:
4177:
4151:
4124:
4096:
4071:
4015:
3989:
3962:
3927:
3901:
3882:
3868:Brad Dunning (29 August 2019).
3861:
3846:
3821:
3796:
3772:"Historic Netsch Campus at UIC"
3764:
3737:
3718:
3699:
3668:
3649:
3630:
3618:Peter Watts (17 October 2018).
3611:
3580:
3562:
3531:
3500:
3469:
3438:
3407:
3376:
3351:
3324:
3293:
3262:
3231:
3205:
3174:
3143:
3112:
3086:
3060:
3033:
3007:
2981:
2954:
2878:
2853:
2828:
2802:
2785:
2739:
2705:
2671:
2631:
2615:
2590:
2531:
2518:
2509:
2500:
2428:
2416:Goodwin, Dario (22 June 2017).
2391:
2379:
2353:
2319:
2291:
2279:
2267:
2220:
2195:
2141:
2122:Plitt, Amy (11 November 2019).
2115:
2089:
2064:
2036:
1593:in New Haven's Long Wharf. The
1548:Atlas of Brutalist Architecture
1286:Northwestern University Library
148:Teresa Carreño Cultural Complex
7809:The Caribbean Artists Movement
4184:David Langdon (9 March 2015).
4103:Curran, Pat (29 August 2014).
4078:Giesemann, Suzanne R. (2009).
3725:Eric Sousa (2 November 2018).
3040:Thuan, Nguyen (23 June 2016).
2961:VĆ©, Hiá»p (13 September 2021).
1790:
1774:Bull, Alun (8 November 2013),
1739:
1705:
1679:
1544:SOS Brutalism: A Global Survey
1425:Royal University of Phnom Penh
1292:in California was designed by
911:National Arts Centre in Ottawa
13:
1:
8616:American architectural styles
6165:Dutch and Flemish Renaissance
4137:Georgetown University Library
4082:. Hay House Inc. p. 73.
4056:Georgetown University Library
3996:O'Dell, Les (18 March 2022).
3934:Megan Fernandez (June 2010).
3100:(in Vietnamese). 7 March 2023
2691:Indianapolis Business Journal
2566:Dutton, John (26 July 2013).
2453:10.1080/13602365.2015.1027721
2096:Andrei, Mihai (15 May 2022).
1672:
1413:Kingsway Campus Auckland Park
1361:Georgetown University Library
1258:Art and Architecture Building
1035:Chủ nghÄ©a hiá»n ÄáșĄi Äá»a phÆ°ÆĄng
1014:Soviet-type economic planning
935:Royal Manitoba Theatre Centre
704:, and, arguably perhaps, Sir
8621:British architectural styles
8280:Modern European ink painting
7652:Bay Area Figurative Movement
4234:South African History Online
3972:AIA Guide to the Twin Cities
3958:. Indianapolis, Indiana: 23.
2935:VĆ©, Hiá»p (19 October 2021).
2682:. Indianapolis, Indiana: 18.
2032:– via On Architecture.
1667:List of Brutalist structures
1445:Queen Elizabeth Square flats
1434:
1357:Joseph Mark Lauinger Library
802:The interior ceiling of the
751:were both noted brutalists.
640:
530:Student dormitory (1971) by
309:Chamberlin, Powell & Bon
7:
7941:Artificial intelligence art
3942:. Indianapolis, Indiana: 68
3936:"The Pillar: Evans Woollen"
3804:"Joseph Regenstein Library"
3744:Paul Rohan (10 July 2014).
2693:. Indianapolis. 19 May 2016
2441:The Journal of Architecture
2229:"Another Brick in the Wall"
1655:
1482:, and rust stains from the
903:Montreal Metro's Green Line
680:, wife-and-husband pairing
252:shapes and a predominantly
10:
8657:
7854:Post-painterly abstraction
7677:Situationist International
7051:Pennsylvania Impressionism
4513:, Quodlibet, Macerata 2011
2203:"Edman, Bengt (1921â2000)"
1630:Birmingham Central Library
1577:Gillespie, Kidd & Coia
1417:University of Johannesburg
1359:, the main library of the
1243:Architects' Co-Partnership
1125:department of architecture
726:Chamberlin, Powell and Bon
684:, some of the work of Sir
493:Chandigarh Capitol Complex
370:
32:Brutalism (disambiguation)
29:
8570:
8374:
8139:
7949:
7729:
7521:
7505:
7437:California Scene Painting
7316:California Scene Painting
7272:Figurative Constructivism
7184:
6989:
6768:
6757:
6587:
6524:
6417:
6333:
6323:Poussinists and Rubenists
6224:
6028:
5761:
5561:
5552:
5539:
5481:
5362:
5334:National Trust properties
5262:
5251:
5157:
5090:
4787:
4581:
4080:The Priest and the Medium
2921:(in Serbian). p. 15.
2749:The Sydney Morning Herald
2663:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
1747:"Definition of BRUTALISM"
1595:Twentieth Century Society
1429:Industrial College of Hue
1409:Rand Afrikaans University
1278:Joseph Regenstein Library
1247:Twentieth Century Society
1186:University of East Anglia
1100:University of East Anglia
939:Canadian Grain Commission
682:Alison and Peter Smithson
603:Alison and Peter Smithson
481:, in particular his 1952
402:, a modern brick home in
285:Alison and Peter Smithson
207:
199:
44:
8535:Prehistoric European art
8184:Contemporary African art
7667:Gendai Bijutsu Kondankai
7595:GeneraciĂłn de la Ruptura
7222:Universal Constructivism
7014:California Impressionism
6969:American Barbizon school
5468:English landscape garden
3853:Kopelk, William (2005).
2809:Waldron, Andrew (2010).
1634:American Press Institute
1632:(2016), Marcel Breuer's
1524:Structural Expressionism
1363:System, was designed by
1192:, used as a location in
1098:'s 'ziggurats' (1968),
945:; and the church of the
521:
491:, France; the 1951â1961
166:; Soviet-era housing in
8362:Walking Artists Network
7699:Letterist International
7539:Washington Color School
6453:Arts in the Philippines
5151:Architecture of England
5103:Architecture portal
4027:College of Liberal Arts
3969:Millett, Larry (2007).
3217:University of Cambridge
2886:"Genex Tower, Belgrade"
2865:stanovanje.yolasite.com
2840:stanovanje.yolasite.com
2639:"Architects: Brutalism"
2398:Banham, Reyner (1966).
1861:Architecture and Design
1751:www.merriam-webster.com
1650:Welbeck Street car park
1546:(2017), and the lavish
1338:University of Minnesota
1241:(Richard Raines of the
1161:Queen's College, Oxford
1129:University of Cambridge
1086:University of Cambridge
889:campus in Quebec City;
875:Grand Théùtre de Québec
854:(World Trade Centre in
832:High Court of Australia
806:stations are Brutalist.
781:Park Place on Peachtree
696:Architects Department,
307:, and the British firm
8606:Modernist architecture
8601:Brutalist architecture
8473:Illuminated manuscript
8121:The Designers Republic
8071:Neue Slowenische Kunst
7994:Pattern and Decoration
7894:Institutional critique
7534:Abstract expressionism
6514:Latin American Baroque
6470:Colonial Asian Baroque
5220:Strawberry Hill Gothic
4414:Highmore, Ben (2017).
4260:Kathmandu & Beyond
2538:Davies, Colin (2017).
1519:
1484:steel reinforcing bars
1448:
1120:
1102:
1088:
1073:On university campuses
919:Ontario Science Centre
909:in Charlottetown; the
899:Maison de Radio-Canada
881:(formerly Complex-G),
836:Warringah Civic Centre
820:Queensland Art Gallery
807:
694:Greater London Council
669:
657:
558:
542:
532:Georgi Konstantinovski
387:
218:Brutalist architecture
160:Royal National Theatre
40:Brutalist architecture
8111:Artist-run initiative
8086:Young British Artists
8051:New European Painting
7987:Moscow Conceptualists
7909:Feminist art movement
7687:Ukrainian underground
7662:Gutai Art Association
7061:Ten American Painters
6565:Western influence in
5542:List of art movements
2994:Rethinking The Future
2751:, Spectrum supplement
2621:Paiement, Genevieve:
1591:Pirelli Tire Building
1563:Sheffield's Park Hill
1534:(Zupagrafika, 2015),
1509:
1442:
1404:University of Toronto
1290:Crafton Hills College
1282:University of Chicago
1108:
1094:
1080:
949:in British Columbia.
801:
690:London County Council
663:
648:
548:
529:
432:completed in 1954 in
378:
297:("raw concrete") and
268:, are also featured.
192:Alexandra Road Estate
7921:Saqqakhaneh movement
7814:Chicano art movement
7682:Soviet Nonconformist
7488:Boston Expressionism
7471:Abstraction-Création
7289:Arbeitsrat fĂŒr Kunst
7282:Cologne Progressives
7002:Art Nouveau in Milan
6805:Anglo-Japanese style
6781:National romanticism
6211:Fontainebleau School
6121:Northern Renaissance
5956:International Gothic
5314:Renaissance theatres
5294:Round-tower churches
5047:Critical regionalism
4629:Critical regionalism
4363:www.lansstyrelsen.se
3940:Indianapolis Monthly
3895:Architectural Digest
3829:"University Library"
3072:Architecture Vietnam
2526:Architectural Design
2482:Rasmus WĂŠrn (2001).
2305:Architectural Review
2245:10.1162/OCTO_a_00044
2022:Architectural Review
1945:Rasmus WĂŠrn (2001).
1662:Utopian architecture
1581:St. Peter's Seminary
1536:Brutalist London Map
1326:Clowes Memorial Hall
1168:University of Sussex
1137:Colin St John Wilson
981:revolving restaurant
879:Ădifice Marie-Guyart
848:Macquarie University
425:Architectural Design
315:, Estonian-American
271:Descending from the
8456:Hierarchy of genres
8021:Saint Soleil School
7957:Post-conceptual art
7926:The Stars Art Group
7804:Black Arts Movement
7767:Neo-Dada Organizers
7568:Lyrical abstraction
7301:Australian tonalism
6974:California Tonalism
6646:Hudson River School
6449:Colonial Asian art
6189:English Renaissance
6138:GhentâBruges school
6126:Early Netherlandish
6038:Italian Renaissance
5951:Gothic art in Milan
5284:Medieval cathedrals
5279:Abbeys and priories
4895:International style
4887:Rationalist-Fascist
4831:Stripped Classicism
4764:Stripped Classicism
4744:Rationalist-Fascist
4669:International style
4575:modern architecture
4493:Pforzheimer Zeitung
4478:on 30 December 2014
4474:(2). Archived from
4254:Mark (5 May 2018).
4216:The Heritage Portal
4002:Southern Illinoisan
2348:World Monument Fund
2017:"The New Brutalism"
1607:Preston bus station
1512:Preston bus station
1298:E. Stewart Williams
1057:(1966) designed by
1055:Independence Palace
915:Hotel Dieu Hospital
871:Canadian Centennial
840:Christopher Kringas
791:says that although
238:structural elements
222:architectural style
203:1950s â early 1980s
41:
27:Architectural style
8641:1970s architecture
8636:1960s architecture
8631:1950s architecture
8498:Landscape painting
8106:New Leipzig School
8046:Neo-conceptual art
7794:Art & Language
7789:Capitalist realism
7711:Florida Highwaymen
7647:Hard-edge painting
7461:Streamline Moderne
7422:Harlem Renaissance
7265:Novecento Italiano
7093:Deutscher Werkbund
6920:Post-Impressionism
6482:Latin American art
6286:Guild of Romanists
6148:German Renaissance
6143:Northern Mannerism
5443:Dartmoor longhouse
5438:Wealden hall house
4978:(1940sâlate 1970s)
4967:Mid-century modern
4935:Postconstructivism
4879:Streamline Moderne
4759:Streamline Moderne
4724:Postconstructivism
4679:Mid-Century modern
4506:Ed.Kappa Rome 2008
4440:The New York Times
4158:Garfield, Leanna.
2941:TáșĄp chĂ SĂŽng HÆ°ÆĄng
2345:British Brutalism.
2207:digitaltmuseum.org
2050:The New York Times
1777:What is Brutalism?
1652:in London (2019).
1618:Robin Hood Gardens
1520:
1451:A 2014 article in
1449:
1377:Flemish Romanesque
1365:John Carl Warnecke
1233:'s Grade I-listed
1208:University of York
1199:A Clockwork Orange
1121:
1103:
1089:
885:, and much of the
808:
670:
658:
607:streets in the sky
568:architectural plan
559:
543:
497:Notre Dame du Haut
484:Unité d'habitation
388:
319:, German-American
273:modernist movement
234:building materials
39:
8588:
8587:
8370:
8369:
8226:Corporate Memphis
8179:Classical Realism
8149:Amazonian pop art
8041:Appropriation art
8009:Neo-expressionism
7879:Environmental art
7784:Nouvelle tendance
7501:
7500:
7449:Socialist realism
7306:Dresden Secession
6925:Neo-Impressionism
6888:Decadent movement
6859:Heidelberg School
6753:
6752:
6651:American luminism
6636:DĂŒsseldorf School
6631:Shoreham Ancients
6621:Nazarene movement
6611:Danish Golden Age
6492:Indochristian art
6170:Antwerp Mannerism
6059:Pittura infamante
6053:Florentine School
6048:Proto-Renaissance
5490:
5489:
5400:Brighton and Hove
5289:Former cathedrals
5240:Bristol Byzantine
5117:
5116:
4516:Anna Rita Emili,
4509:Anna Rita Emili,
4502:Anna Rita Emili,
4425:978-0-300-22274-6
4089:978-1-4019-2615-1
4059:. 3 February 2020
3982:978-0-87351-540-5
3757:978-0-300-14939-5
3643:The Northern Echo
3344:978-1-4742-5622-3
2753:. pp. 16â17.
2608:978-3-86859-147-7
2601:. Berlin: Jovis.
2549:978-1-78627-056-6
2422:www.archdaily.com
2400:The New Brutalism
2386:The New Brutalism
2367:on 30 August 2007
2274:The New Brutalism
1855:Editorial Staff.
1693:. 28 October 2018
1609:garage, London's
1550:(Phaidon, 2018).
1540:This Brutal World
1468:maritime climates
1330:Butler University
1322:Evans Woollen III
1227:Durham University
1190:Brunel University
1141:Churchill College
1049:). In the former
1018:Soviet architects
958:Western City Gate
947:Westminster Abbey
917:in Kingston; the
895:Place Bonaventure
883:HĂŽtel Le Concorde
753:Evans Woollen III
666:BayamĂłn City Hall
588:Hunstanton School
461:The New Brutalism
442:Mies van der Rohe
430:Hunstanton School
321:Mies van der Rohe
215:
214:
16:(Redirected from
8648:
8578:
8577:
8562:Western painting
8508:Modern sculpture
8466:History painting
8169:Art intervention
7962:Installation art
7779:Nouveau réalisme
7519:
7518:
7493:Leningrad School
7385:Mexican muralism
7358:Grosvenor School
7098:American Realism
7081:Der Blaue Reiter
7039:Berlin Secession
7034:Vienna Secession
7029:Munich Secession
6947:Pont-Aven School
6766:
6765:
6616:Troubadour style
6594:(c. 1770 â 1862)
6561:Qing handicrafts
6527:Western elements
6458:Letras y figuras
6431:African-American
6426:African diaspora
6397:Directoire style
6308:Heptanese school
6291:Dutch Golden Age
6276:Stroganov School
6269:Lutheran Baroque
6264:Louis XIII style
6237:Baroque in Milan
6099:Bolognese School
6094:High Renaissance
6077:Forlivese School
6072:Ferrarese School
5795:Migration Period
5559:
5558:
5517:
5510:
5503:
5494:
5493:
5329:Church monuments
5319:Listed buildings
5257:
5144:
5137:
5130:
5121:
5120:
5109:Related articles
5101:
5100:
5083:
5075:
5067:
5059:
5055:Deconstructivism
5051:
5043:
5035:
5027:
5019:
5011:
5003:
4995:
4987:
4979:
4971:
4963:
4955:
4947:
4939:
4931:
4923:
4915:
4907:
4899:
4891:
4883:
4875:
4867:
4859:
4851:
4843:
4835:
4827:
4819:
4811:
4803:
4639:Deconstructivism
4567:
4560:
4553:
4544:
4543:
4499:
4487:
4485:
4483:
4468:The Art Bulletin
4452:
4429:
4400:
4399:
4397:
4395:
4389:
4381:
4375:
4374:
4372:
4370:
4355:
4349:
4339:
4333:
4332:
4330:
4328:
4322:
4311:
4303:
4297:
4296:
4294:
4292:
4287:. 29 August 2014
4277:
4271:
4270:
4268:
4266:
4251:
4245:
4244:
4242:
4240:
4226:
4220:
4219:
4207:
4201:
4200:
4198:
4196:
4181:
4175:
4174:
4172:
4170:
4164:Business Insider
4155:
4149:
4148:
4146:
4144:
4128:
4122:
4121:
4119:
4117:
4100:
4094:
4093:
4075:
4069:
4068:
4066:
4064:
4047:
4038:
4037:
4035:
4033:
4019:
4013:
4012:
4010:
4008:
3993:
3987:
3986:
3966:
3960:
3959:
3951:
3949:
3947:
3931:
3925:
3924:
3922:
3920:
3905:
3899:
3898:
3886:
3880:
3879:
3865:
3859:
3858:
3850:
3844:
3843:
3841:
3839:
3825:
3819:
3818:
3816:
3814:
3800:
3794:
3793:
3791:
3789:
3783:
3777:. Archived from
3776:
3768:
3762:
3761:
3741:
3735:
3734:
3722:
3716:
3715:
3703:
3697:
3696:
3694:
3692:
3676:Historic England
3672:
3666:
3665:
3653:
3647:
3646:
3634:
3628:
3627:
3615:
3609:
3608:
3606:
3604:
3588:Historic England
3584:
3578:
3577:
3566:
3560:
3559:
3557:
3555:
3539:Historic England
3535:
3529:
3528:
3526:
3524:
3508:Historic England
3504:
3498:
3497:
3495:
3493:
3477:Historic England
3473:
3467:
3466:
3464:
3462:
3446:Historic England
3442:
3436:
3435:
3433:
3431:
3415:Historic England
3411:
3405:
3404:
3402:
3400:
3384:Historic England
3380:
3374:
3373:
3371:
3369:
3355:
3349:
3348:
3328:
3322:
3321:
3319:
3317:
3301:Historic England
3297:
3291:
3290:
3288:
3286:
3270:Historic England
3266:
3260:
3259:
3257:
3255:
3239:Historic England
3235:
3229:
3228:
3226:
3224:
3209:
3203:
3202:
3200:
3198:
3182:Historic England
3178:
3172:
3171:
3169:
3167:
3151:Historic England
3147:
3141:
3140:
3138:
3136:
3120:Historic England
3116:
3110:
3109:
3107:
3105:
3090:
3084:
3083:
3081:
3079:
3064:
3058:
3057:
3055:
3053:
3037:
3031:
3030:
3028:
3026:
3020:ArchitectureLive
3011:
3005:
3004:
3002:
3000:
2985:
2979:
2978:
2976:
2974:
2958:
2952:
2951:
2949:
2947:
2932:
2923:
2922:
2910:
2901:
2900:
2898:
2896:
2882:
2876:
2875:
2873:
2871:
2857:
2851:
2850:
2848:
2846:
2832:
2826:
2825:
2815:
2806:
2800:
2799:
2797:
2789:
2783:
2782:
2780:
2778:
2764:
2755:
2754:
2743:
2737:
2736:
2709:
2703:
2702:
2700:
2698:
2683:
2675:
2669:
2668:
2662:
2654:
2652:
2650:
2635:
2629:
2619:
2613:
2612:
2594:
2588:
2587:
2585:
2583:
2563:
2554:
2553:
2535:
2529:
2522:
2516:
2513:
2507:
2504:
2498:
2497:
2479:
2473:
2472:
2432:
2426:
2425:
2413:
2404:
2403:
2395:
2389:
2383:
2377:
2376:
2374:
2372:
2357:
2351:
2342:
2333:
2328:Concrete Toronto
2323:
2317:
2316:
2314:
2312:
2295:
2289:
2283:
2277:
2271:
2265:
2264:
2224:
2218:
2217:
2215:
2213:
2199:
2193:
2192:
2190:
2188:
2173:
2160:
2159:
2145:
2139:
2138:
2136:
2134:
2119:
2113:
2112:
2110:
2108:
2093:
2087:
2086:
2084:
2082:
2068:
2062:
2061:
2059:
2057:
2040:
2034:
2033:
2031:
2029:
2012:
1989:
1986:
1973:
1970:
1961:
1960:
1942:
1936:
1935:
1933:
1931:
1919:Harwood, Elain.
1916:
1907:
1906:
1904:
1902:
1887:
1872:
1871:
1869:
1867:
1852:
1837:
1836:
1834:
1832:
1815:
1804:
1794:
1788:
1787:
1786:
1784:
1771:
1762:
1761:
1759:
1757:
1743:
1737:
1736:
1734:
1732:
1709:
1703:
1702:
1700:
1698:
1683:
1638:Reston, Virginia
1528:Deconstructivism
1502:Modern brutalism
1394:Washington, D.C.
1235:Kingsgate Bridge
1151:(along with the
977:Mihajlo MitroviÄ
927:Rochdale College
887:Laval University
804:Washington Metro
785:Washington Metro
730:National Theatre
584:Boston City Hall
382:(1950) in KĂ„bo,
168:Saint Petersburg
164:Boston City Hall
142:-era housing in
119:
112:
105:
94:
87:
80:
69:
62:
55:
42:
38:
21:
8656:
8655:
8651:
8650:
8649:
8647:
8646:
8645:
8591:
8590:
8589:
8584:
8566:
8483:Interactive art
8366:
8340:SoFlo Superflat
8265:Kitsch movement
8189:Africanfuturism
8141:
8135:
8014:Transavantgarde
7945:
7899:Light and Space
7884:Performance art
7864:Psychedelic art
7747:Nueva Presencia
7737:Otra FiguraciĂłn
7725:
7657:Les Plasticiens
7642:New York School
7620:Action painting
7605:Metcalf Chateau
7514:
7509:
7497:
7417:Cercle et Carré
7353:New Objectivity
7260:Return to order
7202:School of Paris
7180:
7024:School of Paris
6985:
6871:Arts and Crafts
6776:Neo-romanticism
6761:
6749:
6745:Etching revival
6697:Barbizon school
6641:Pre-Raphaelites
6593:
6590:
6583:
6526:
6520:
6413:
6387:Louis XVI style
6329:
6318:Louis XIV style
6281:Animal painting
6242:Flemish Baroque
6220:
6131:World landscape
6082:Venetian School
6024:
6011:Majorcan school
5978:Novgorod School
5968:Lucchese School
5940:Opus Anglicanum
5932:Norman-Sicilian
5876:Italo-Byzantine
5776:Early Christian
5757:
5741:Pompeian Styles
5554:
5548:
5535:
5521:
5491:
5486:
5477:
5448:Somerset towers
5405:Hammerbeam roof
5358:
5304:Historic houses
5265:
5258:
5249:
5205:English Baroque
5153:
5148:
5118:
5113:
5095:
5086:
5081:
5073:
5065:
5057:
5049:
5041:
5033:
5025:
5017:
5009:
5001:
4993:
4985:
4977:
4969:
4961:
4953:
4945:
4937:
4929:
4921:
4913:
4905:
4897:
4889:
4881:
4873:
4871:New Objectivity
4865:
4857:
4849:
4841:
4833:
4825:
4817:
4809:
4801:
4792:
4790:
4789:By start year /
4783:
4714:New Objectivity
4577:
4571:
4534:
4497:
4481:
4479:
4470:(Book Review).
4455:
4426:
4409:
4407:Further reading
4404:
4403:
4393:
4391:
4387:
4383:
4382:
4378:
4368:
4366:
4357:
4356:
4352:
4348:, 18 June 2015.
4341:Winston, Anna:
4340:
4336:
4326:
4324:
4323:on 7 April 2020
4320:
4309:
4305:
4304:
4300:
4290:
4288:
4279:
4278:
4274:
4264:
4262:
4252:
4248:
4238:
4236:
4228:
4227:
4223:
4208:
4204:
4194:
4192:
4182:
4178:
4168:
4166:
4156:
4152:
4142:
4140:
4130:
4129:
4125:
4115:
4113:
4101:
4097:
4090:
4076:
4072:
4062:
4060:
4049:
4048:
4041:
4031:
4029:
4021:
4020:
4016:
4006:
4004:
3994:
3990:
3983:
3967:
3963:
3945:
3943:
3932:
3928:
3918:
3916:
3906:
3902:
3887:
3883:
3866:
3862:
3851:
3847:
3837:
3835:
3827:
3826:
3822:
3812:
3810:
3802:
3801:
3797:
3787:
3785:
3781:
3774:
3770:
3769:
3765:
3758:
3742:
3738:
3723:
3719:
3704:
3700:
3690:
3688:
3673:
3669:
3654:
3650:
3635:
3631:
3616:
3612:
3602:
3600:
3585:
3581:
3576:. 17 July 2017.
3568:
3567:
3563:
3553:
3551:
3536:
3532:
3522:
3520:
3505:
3501:
3491:
3489:
3474:
3470:
3460:
3458:
3443:
3439:
3429:
3427:
3412:
3408:
3398:
3396:
3381:
3377:
3367:
3365:
3357:
3356:
3352:
3345:
3329:
3325:
3315:
3313:
3298:
3294:
3284:
3282:
3267:
3263:
3253:
3251:
3236:
3232:
3222:
3220:
3211:
3210:
3206:
3196:
3194:
3179:
3175:
3165:
3163:
3148:
3144:
3134:
3132:
3117:
3113:
3103:
3101:
3092:
3091:
3087:
3077:
3075:
3066:
3065:
3061:
3051:
3049:
3048:(in Vietnamese)
3038:
3034:
3024:
3022:
3012:
3008:
2998:
2996:
2986:
2982:
2972:
2970:
2969:(in Vietnamese)
2959:
2955:
2945:
2943:
2933:
2926:
2911:
2904:
2894:
2892:
2884:
2883:
2879:
2869:
2867:
2859:
2858:
2854:
2844:
2842:
2834:
2833:
2829:
2813:
2807:
2803:
2795:
2791:
2790:
2786:
2776:
2774:
2766:
2765:
2758:
2744:
2740:
2733:
2710:
2706:
2696:
2694:
2685:
2676:
2672:
2656:
2655:
2648:
2646:
2637:
2636:
2632:
2620:
2616:
2609:
2595:
2591:
2581:
2579:
2578:on 13 June 2021
2564:
2557:
2550:
2536:
2532:
2523:
2519:
2514:
2510:
2505:
2501:
2494:
2480:
2476:
2433:
2429:
2414:
2407:
2396:
2392:
2384:
2380:
2370:
2368:
2359:
2358:
2354:
2343:
2336:
2324:
2320:
2310:
2308:
2296:
2292:
2284:
2280:
2272:
2268:
2225:
2221:
2211:
2209:
2201:
2200:
2196:
2186:
2184:
2174:
2163:
2146:
2142:
2132:
2130:
2120:
2116:
2106:
2104:
2094:
2090:
2080:
2078:
2070:
2069:
2065:
2055:
2053:
2041:
2037:
2027:
2025:
2013:
1992:
1987:
1976:
1971:
1964:
1957:
1943:
1939:
1929:
1927:
1917:
1910:
1900:
1898:
1889:
1888:
1875:
1865:
1863:
1853:
1840:
1830:
1828:
1816:
1807:
1795:
1791:
1782:
1780:
1772:
1765:
1755:
1753:
1745:
1744:
1740:
1730:
1728:
1710:
1706:
1696:
1694:
1685:
1684:
1680:
1675:
1658:
1642:Araldo Cossutta
1611:Hayward Gallery
1504:
1491:totalitarianism
1437:
1400:Robarts Library
1317:William Pereira
1262:Yale University
1194:Stanley Kubrick
1184:'s work at the
1157:Florey Building
1110:William Pereira
1075:
1022:Garol Isakovich
1020:, most notably
923:Robarts Library
722:Barbican Centre
678:ErnĆ Goldfinger
643:
540:North Macedonia
524:
413:Michael Ventris
373:
361:totalitarianism
305:ErnĆ Goldfinger
195:
184:Barbican Centre
176:Robarts Library
125:
124:
123:
122:
121:
120:
113:
106:
97:
96:
95:
88:
81:
72:
71:
70:
63:
56:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
8654:
8644:
8643:
8638:
8633:
8628:
8623:
8618:
8613:
8608:
8603:
8586:
8585:
8583:
8582:
8571:
8568:
8567:
8565:
8564:
8559:
8552:
8547:
8542:
8537:
8532:
8527:
8522:
8517:
8516:
8515:
8513:Late modernism
8510:
8500:
8495:
8490:
8485:
8480:
8475:
8470:
8469:
8468:
8463:
8461:Genre painting
8453:
8448:
8443:
8438:
8437:
8436:
8431:
8426:
8421:
8411:
8409:Ballets Russes
8406:
8401:
8396:
8395:
8394:
8392:Asemic writing
8384:
8382:History of art
8378:
8376:
8375:Related topics
8372:
8371:
8368:
8367:
8365:
8364:
8359:
8354:
8349:
8348:
8347:
8342:
8332:
8327:
8322:
8317:
8312:
8310:Relational art
8307:
8302:
8297:
8292:
8287:
8282:
8277:
8272:
8267:
8262:
8257:
8256:
8255:
8245:
8240:
8235:
8233:Hypermodernism
8230:
8229:
8228:
8218:
8213:
8208:
8203:
8198:
8193:
8192:
8191:
8181:
8176:
8171:
8166:
8161:
8156:
8151:
8145:
8143:
8137:
8136:
8134:
8133:
8128:
8123:
8118:
8113:
8108:
8103:
8098:
8093:
8088:
8083:
8078:
8073:
8068:
8063:
8058:
8053:
8048:
8043:
8038:
8033:
8028:
8023:
8018:
8017:
8016:
8006:
8001:
7996:
7991:
7990:
7989:
7979:
7974:
7972:Postminimalism
7969:
7964:
7959:
7953:
7951:
7947:
7946:
7944:
7943:
7938:
7933:
7928:
7923:
7918:
7917:
7916:
7906:
7901:
7896:
7891:
7886:
7881:
7876:
7871:
7866:
7861:
7856:
7851:
7849:Generative art
7846:
7841:
7836:
7831:
7826:
7821:
7819:Conceptual art
7816:
7811:
7806:
7801:
7796:
7791:
7786:
7781:
7776:
7771:
7770:
7769:
7759:
7754:
7749:
7744:
7739:
7733:
7731:
7727:
7726:
7724:
7723:
7718:
7716:Cybernetic art
7713:
7708:
7707:
7706:
7704:Ultra-Lettrist
7701:
7691:
7690:
7689:
7679:
7674:
7669:
7664:
7659:
7654:
7649:
7644:
7639:
7634:
7633:
7632:
7622:
7617:
7612:
7607:
7602:
7597:
7592:
7591:
7590:
7585:
7580:
7578:Arte Informale
7575:
7565:
7560:
7555:
7554:
7553:
7543:
7542:
7541:
7531:
7525:
7523:
7516:
7515:(1945âpresent)
7503:
7502:
7499:
7498:
7496:
7495:
7490:
7485:
7480:
7475:
7474:
7473:
7463:
7458:
7457:
7456:
7451:
7444:Heroic realism
7441:
7440:
7439:
7429:
7424:
7419:
7414:
7409:
7404:
7397:
7392:
7387:
7382:
7381:
7380:
7378:Latin American
7375:
7365:
7360:
7355:
7350:
7348:Group of Seven
7345:
7340:
7335:
7330:
7329:
7328:
7318:
7313:
7311:Social realism
7308:
7303:
7298:
7297:
7296:
7294:November Group
7286:
7285:
7284:
7279:
7269:
7268:
7267:
7257:
7252:
7251:
7250:
7238:
7233:
7228:
7227:
7226:
7225:
7224:
7217:Latin American
7212:Constructivism
7209:
7207:Crystal Cubism
7204:
7199:
7194:
7188:
7186:
7182:
7181:
7179:
7178:
7173:
7168:
7163:
7158:
7153:
7148:
7147:
7146:
7136:
7131:
7124:
7123:
7122:
7117:
7107:
7106:
7105:
7095:
7090:
7085:
7084:
7083:
7078:
7068:
7063:
7058:
7053:
7048:
7047:
7046:
7041:
7036:
7031:
7021:
7016:
7011:
7006:
7005:
7004:
6993:
6991:
6987:
6986:
6984:
6983:
6978:
6977:
6976:
6966:
6965:
6964:
6959:
6954:
6949:
6944:
6939:
6934:
6933:
6932:
6917:
6912:
6910:Volcano School
6907:
6906:
6905:
6900:
6890:
6885:
6880:
6879:
6878:
6868:
6863:
6862:
6861:
6856:
6851:
6846:
6845:
6844:
6839:
6824:
6819:
6814:
6809:
6808:
6807:
6795:
6790:
6785:
6784:
6783:
6772:
6770:
6763:
6755:
6754:
6751:
6750:
6748:
6747:
6742:
6741:
6740:
6735:
6734:
6733:
6718:
6717:
6716:
6715:
6714:
6704:
6699:
6689:
6684:
6683:
6682:
6672:
6667:
6665:Norwich School
6662:
6657:
6656:
6655:
6654:
6653:
6643:
6638:
6633:
6628:
6623:
6618:
6613:
6608:
6606:Fairy painting
6597:
6595:
6585:
6584:
6582:
6581:
6580:
6579:
6574:
6563:
6558:
6553:
6548:
6543:
6542:
6541:
6530:
6528:
6522:
6521:
6519:
6518:
6517:
6516:
6511:
6510:
6509:
6504:
6499:
6497:Chilote School
6489:
6487:Casta painting
6479:
6478:
6477:
6472:
6467:
6466:
6465:
6463:Tipos del PaĂs
6460:
6447:
6446:
6445:
6444:
6443:
6433:
6421:
6419:
6415:
6414:
6412:
6411:
6406:
6405:
6404:
6399:
6394:
6389:
6384:
6372:
6371:
6370:
6363:
6358:
6353:
6351:Louis XV style
6348:
6337:
6335:
6331:
6330:
6328:
6327:
6326:
6325:
6320:
6310:
6305:
6300:
6299:
6298:
6288:
6283:
6278:
6273:
6272:
6271:
6266:
6261:
6260:
6259:
6254:
6244:
6239:
6228:
6226:
6222:
6221:
6219:
6218:
6213:
6208:
6203:
6198:
6197:
6196:
6186:
6185:
6184:
6183:
6182:
6177:
6172:
6162:
6161:
6160:
6155:
6153:Cologne School
6145:
6140:
6135:
6134:
6133:
6118:
6117:
6116:
6115:
6114:
6106:
6101:
6096:
6086:
6085:
6084:
6079:
6074:
6064:
6063:
6062:
6055:
6050:
6034:
6032:
6026:
6025:
6023:
6022:
6021:
6020:
6013:
6008:
6006:Italian school
5997:
5992:
5991:
5990:
5988:Sienese School
5980:
5975:
5970:
5965:
5964:
5963:
5958:
5953:
5943:
5936:
5935:
5934:
5924:
5923:
5922:
5917:
5907:
5902:
5901:
5900:
5898:Pre-Romanesque
5895:
5890:
5880:
5879:
5878:
5873:
5868:
5863:
5853:
5848:
5847:
5846:
5834:
5829:
5827:Donor portrait
5824:
5823:
5822:
5817:
5812:
5807:
5802:
5792:
5791:
5790:
5780:
5779:
5778:
5767:
5765:
5759:
5758:
5756:
5755:
5754:
5753:
5748:
5743:
5738:
5736:Julio-Claudian
5733:
5728:
5718:
5713:
5708:
5703:
5698:
5697:
5696:
5695:
5694:
5689:
5688:
5687:
5685:Greco-Buddhist
5677:
5667:
5662:
5657:
5652:
5647:
5642:
5637:
5632:
5627:
5625:Protogeometric
5622:
5612:
5611:
5610:
5605:
5600:
5595:
5585:
5580:
5579:
5578:
5567:
5565:
5556:
5550:
5549:
5540:
5537:
5536:
5520:
5519:
5512:
5505:
5497:
5488:
5487:
5482:
5479:
5478:
5476:
5475:
5470:
5465:
5460:
5458:Portland stone
5455:
5450:
5445:
5440:
5435:
5427:
5422:
5417:
5412:
5407:
5402:
5397:
5392:
5387:
5382:
5377:
5372:
5366:
5364:
5360:
5359:
5357:
5356:
5351:
5346:
5341:
5336:
5331:
5326:
5321:
5316:
5311:
5306:
5301:
5296:
5291:
5286:
5281:
5276:
5270:
5268:
5260:
5259:
5252:
5250:
5248:
5247:
5242:
5237:
5232:
5227:
5222:
5217:
5212:
5207:
5202:
5197:
5192:
5187:
5182:
5180:English Gothic
5177:
5172:
5167:
5161:
5159:
5155:
5154:
5147:
5146:
5139:
5132:
5124:
5115:
5114:
5112:
5111:
5106:
5091:
5088:
5087:
5085:
5084:
5076:
5068:
5060:
5052:
5044:
5036:
5028:
5020:
5012:
5004:
4996:
4988:
4980:
4972:
4964:
4956:
4948:
4940:
4932:
4924:
4916:
4908:
4900:
4892:
4884:
4876:
4868:
4860:
4855:Constructivism
4852:
4844:
4836:
4828:
4820:
4815:Prairie School
4812:
4804:
4795:
4793:
4788:
4785:
4784:
4782:
4781:
4776:
4771:
4766:
4761:
4756:
4751:
4746:
4741:
4739:Prairie School
4736:
4731:
4726:
4721:
4716:
4711:
4706:
4701:
4696:
4691:
4686:
4681:
4676:
4671:
4666:
4661:
4656:
4651:
4646:
4641:
4636:
4631:
4626:
4621:
4619:Constructivism
4616:
4611:
4606:
4601:
4596:
4591:
4585:
4583:
4582:Alphabetically
4579:
4578:
4570:
4569:
4562:
4555:
4547:
4541:
4540:
4533:
4532:External links
4530:
4529:
4528:
4523:Silvia Groaz,
4521:
4514:
4507:
4500:
4488:
4454:
4453:
4430:
4424:
4410:
4408:
4405:
4402:
4401:
4376:
4350:
4334:
4298:
4272:
4246:
4221:
4202:
4176:
4150:
4132:"Love for Lau"
4123:
4095:
4088:
4070:
4039:
4014:
3988:
3981:
3961:
3926:
3900:
3881:
3860:
3845:
3820:
3795:
3784:on 27 May 2010
3763:
3756:
3736:
3717:
3698:
3667:
3648:
3629:
3610:
3579:
3561:
3530:
3499:
3468:
3437:
3406:
3375:
3350:
3343:
3323:
3292:
3261:
3230:
3204:
3173:
3142:
3111:
3085:
3059:
3032:
3006:
2980:
2953:
2924:
2902:
2877:
2852:
2827:
2801:
2784:
2756:
2738:
2731:
2713:Jordy, William
2704:
2670:
2630:
2614:
2607:
2589:
2555:
2548:
2530:
2517:
2508:
2499:
2492:
2474:
2447:(2): 293â308.
2427:
2405:
2390:
2378:
2352:
2334:
2318:
2290:
2278:
2266:
2219:
2194:
2161:
2140:
2114:
2088:
2063:
2035:
1990:
1974:
1962:
1955:
1937:
1908:
1897:. 23 June 2014
1895:20 Bedford Way
1873:
1838:
1805:
1789:
1763:
1738:
1704:
1677:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1670:
1669:
1664:
1657:
1654:
1613:, and others.
1599:Tricorn Centre
1503:
1500:
1436:
1433:
1381:Award of Merit
1315:. Designed by
1309:Geisel Library
1170:, designed by
1145:James Stirling
1114:Geisel Library
1082:James Stirling
1074:
1071:
993:constructivism
873:, include the
828:Fisher Library
777:Peachtree Road
714:James Stirling
674:United Kingdom
642:
639:
619:Czechoslovakia
523:
520:
372:
369:
334:influenced by
332:social housing
323:, and Finnish
213:
212:
209:
205:
204:
201:
197:
196:
188:City of London
126:
114:
107:
100:
99:
98:
89:
82:
75:
74:
73:
64:
57:
50:
49:
48:
47:
46:
45:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
8653:
8642:
8639:
8637:
8634:
8632:
8629:
8627:
8624:
8622:
8619:
8617:
8614:
8612:
8609:
8607:
8604:
8602:
8599:
8598:
8596:
8581:
8573:
8572:
8569:
8563:
8560:
8558:
8557:
8553:
8551:
8548:
8546:
8543:
8541:
8538:
8536:
8533:
8531:
8528:
8526:
8523:
8521:
8518:
8514:
8511:
8509:
8506:
8505:
8504:
8501:
8499:
8496:
8494:
8491:
8489:
8486:
8484:
8481:
8479:
8476:
8474:
8471:
8467:
8464:
8462:
8459:
8458:
8457:
8454:
8452:
8449:
8447:
8446:Fantastic art
8444:
8442:
8439:
8435:
8432:
8430:
8427:
8425:
8422:
8420:
8417:
8416:
8415:
8414:Christian art
8412:
8410:
8407:
8405:
8402:
8400:
8397:
8393:
8390:
8389:
8388:
8385:
8383:
8380:
8379:
8377:
8373:
8363:
8360:
8358:
8355:
8353:
8350:
8346:
8343:
8341:
8338:
8337:
8336:
8333:
8331:
8328:
8326:
8323:
8321:
8318:
8316:
8315:Skeuomorphism
8313:
8311:
8308:
8306:
8303:
8301:
8298:
8296:
8293:
8291:
8288:
8286:
8283:
8281:
8278:
8276:
8275:Massurrealism
8273:
8271:
8270:Lightpainting
8268:
8266:
8263:
8261:
8258:
8254:
8253:Post-Internet
8251:
8250:
8249:
8246:
8244:
8241:
8239:
8236:
8234:
8231:
8227:
8224:
8223:
8222:
8219:
8217:
8214:
8212:
8209:
8207:
8204:
8202:
8199:
8197:
8194:
8190:
8187:
8186:
8185:
8182:
8180:
8177:
8175:
8172:
8170:
8167:
8165:
8162:
8160:
8157:
8155:
8152:
8150:
8147:
8146:
8144:
8138:
8132:
8129:
8127:
8126:Grunge design
8124:
8122:
8119:
8117:
8114:
8112:
8109:
8107:
8104:
8102:
8099:
8097:
8094:
8092:
8089:
8087:
8084:
8082:
8081:Retrofuturism
8079:
8077:
8076:Scratch video
8074:
8072:
8069:
8067:
8064:
8062:
8061:Memphis Group
8059:
8057:
8054:
8052:
8049:
8047:
8044:
8042:
8039:
8037:
8036:Telematic art
8034:
8032:
8029:
8027:
8026:Guerrilla art
8024:
8022:
8019:
8015:
8012:
8011:
8010:
8007:
8005:
8002:
8000:
7997:
7995:
7992:
7988:
7985:
7984:
7983:
7980:
7978:
7977:Endurance art
7975:
7973:
7970:
7968:
7965:
7963:
7960:
7958:
7955:
7954:
7952:
7948:
7942:
7939:
7937:
7934:
7932:
7929:
7927:
7924:
7922:
7919:
7915:
7912:
7911:
7910:
7907:
7905:
7902:
7900:
7897:
7895:
7892:
7890:
7887:
7885:
7882:
7880:
7877:
7875:
7872:
7870:
7867:
7865:
7862:
7860:
7857:
7855:
7852:
7850:
7847:
7845:
7842:
7840:
7837:
7835:
7832:
7830:
7827:
7825:
7822:
7820:
7817:
7815:
7812:
7810:
7807:
7805:
7802:
7800:
7797:
7795:
7792:
7790:
7787:
7785:
7782:
7780:
7777:
7775:
7772:
7768:
7765:
7764:
7763:
7760:
7758:
7755:
7753:
7750:
7748:
7745:
7743:
7740:
7738:
7735:
7734:
7732:
7728:
7722:
7719:
7717:
7714:
7712:
7709:
7705:
7702:
7700:
7697:
7696:
7695:
7692:
7688:
7685:
7684:
7683:
7680:
7678:
7675:
7673:
7670:
7668:
7665:
7663:
7660:
7658:
7655:
7653:
7650:
7648:
7645:
7643:
7640:
7638:
7637:New media art
7635:
7631:
7628:
7627:
7626:
7623:
7621:
7618:
7616:
7615:Nanyang Style
7613:
7611:
7608:
7606:
7603:
7601:
7598:
7596:
7593:
7589:
7586:
7584:
7581:
7579:
7576:
7574:
7571:
7570:
7569:
7566:
7564:
7561:
7559:
7556:
7552:
7549:
7548:
7547:
7546:Visionary art
7544:
7540:
7537:
7536:
7535:
7532:
7530:
7527:
7526:
7524:
7520:
7517:
7513:
7508:
7504:
7494:
7491:
7489:
7486:
7484:
7481:
7479:
7476:
7472:
7469:
7468:
7467:
7464:
7462:
7459:
7455:
7452:
7450:
7447:
7446:
7445:
7442:
7438:
7435:
7434:
7433:
7430:
7428:
7425:
7423:
7420:
7418:
7415:
7413:
7412:Scuola Romana
7410:
7408:
7405:
7403:
7402:
7398:
7396:
7393:
7391:
7388:
7386:
7383:
7379:
7376:
7374:
7371:
7370:
7369:
7366:
7364:
7361:
7359:
7356:
7354:
7351:
7349:
7346:
7344:
7341:
7339:
7338:Anthropophagy
7336:
7334:
7331:
7327:
7324:
7323:
7322:
7321:Functionalism
7319:
7317:
7314:
7312:
7309:
7307:
7304:
7302:
7299:
7295:
7292:
7291:
7290:
7287:
7283:
7280:
7278:
7275:
7274:
7273:
7270:
7266:
7263:
7262:
7261:
7258:
7256:
7253:
7249:
7248:
7244:
7243:
7242:
7241:Neoplasticism
7239:
7237:
7234:
7232:
7229:
7223:
7220:
7219:
7218:
7215:
7214:
7213:
7210:
7208:
7205:
7203:
7200:
7198:
7195:
7193:
7190:
7189:
7187:
7183:
7177:
7174:
7172:
7169:
7167:
7164:
7162:
7159:
7157:
7154:
7152:
7149:
7145:
7144:Cubo-Futurism
7142:
7141:
7140:
7137:
7135:
7132:
7130:
7129:
7125:
7121:
7118:
7116:
7113:
7112:
7111:
7108:
7104:
7103:Ashcan School
7101:
7100:
7099:
7096:
7094:
7091:
7089:
7086:
7082:
7079:
7077:
7074:
7073:
7072:
7071:Expressionism
7069:
7067:
7064:
7062:
7059:
7057:
7056:Mir iskusstva
7054:
7052:
7049:
7045:
7042:
7040:
7037:
7035:
7032:
7030:
7027:
7026:
7025:
7022:
7020:
7017:
7015:
7012:
7010:
7007:
7003:
7000:
6999:
6998:
6995:
6994:
6992:
6988:
6982:
6979:
6975:
6972:
6971:
6970:
6967:
6963:
6960:
6958:
6955:
6953:
6950:
6948:
6945:
6943:
6940:
6938:
6935:
6931:
6928:
6927:
6926:
6923:
6922:
6921:
6918:
6916:
6913:
6911:
6908:
6904:
6901:
6899:
6896:
6895:
6894:
6891:
6889:
6886:
6884:
6881:
6877:
6874:
6873:
6872:
6869:
6867:
6864:
6860:
6857:
6855:
6852:
6850:
6847:
6843:
6842:Boston School
6840:
6838:
6837:Hoosier Group
6835:
6834:
6833:
6830:
6829:
6828:
6827:Impressionism
6825:
6823:
6822:Peredvizhniki
6820:
6818:
6815:
6813:
6812:Beuron School
6810:
6806:
6803:
6802:
6801:
6800:
6796:
6794:
6791:
6789:
6786:
6782:
6779:
6778:
6777:
6774:
6773:
6771:
6767:
6764:
6760:
6756:
6746:
6743:
6739:
6736:
6732:
6729:
6728:
6727:
6726:Munich School
6724:
6723:
6722:
6719:
6713:
6710:
6709:
6708:
6705:
6703:
6700:
6698:
6695:
6694:
6693:
6690:
6688:
6685:
6681:
6678:
6677:
6676:
6673:
6671:
6668:
6666:
6663:
6661:
6658:
6652:
6649:
6648:
6647:
6644:
6642:
6639:
6637:
6634:
6632:
6629:
6627:
6624:
6622:
6619:
6617:
6614:
6612:
6609:
6607:
6604:
6603:
6602:
6599:
6598:
6596:
6592:
6586:
6578:
6575:
6573:
6570:
6569:
6568:
6564:
6562:
6559:
6557:
6554:
6552:
6549:
6547:
6544:
6540:
6537:
6536:
6535:
6532:
6531:
6529:
6525:Art borrowing
6523:
6515:
6512:
6508:
6505:
6503:
6500:
6498:
6495:
6494:
6493:
6490:
6488:
6485:
6484:
6483:
6480:
6476:
6475:Company style
6473:
6471:
6468:
6464:
6461:
6459:
6456:
6455:
6454:
6451:
6450:
6448:
6442:
6439:
6438:
6437:
6434:
6432:
6429:
6428:
6427:
6423:
6422:
6420:
6416:
6410:
6407:
6403:
6400:
6398:
6395:
6393:
6390:
6388:
6385:
6383:
6382:
6378:
6377:
6376:
6375:Neoclassicism
6373:
6369:
6368:
6364:
6362:
6359:
6357:
6354:
6352:
6349:
6347:
6344:
6343:
6342:
6339:
6338:
6336:
6332:
6324:
6321:
6319:
6316:
6315:
6314:
6311:
6309:
6306:
6304:
6301:
6297:
6294:
6293:
6292:
6289:
6287:
6284:
6282:
6279:
6277:
6274:
6270:
6267:
6265:
6262:
6258:
6255:
6253:
6250:
6249:
6248:
6245:
6243:
6240:
6238:
6235:
6234:
6233:
6230:
6229:
6227:
6223:
6217:
6214:
6212:
6209:
6207:
6204:
6202:
6201:Cretan School
6199:
6195:
6192:
6191:
6190:
6187:
6181:
6178:
6176:
6173:
6171:
6168:
6167:
6166:
6163:
6159:
6158:Danube school
6156:
6154:
6151:
6150:
6149:
6146:
6144:
6141:
6139:
6136:
6132:
6129:
6128:
6127:
6124:
6123:
6122:
6119:
6113:
6112:
6107:
6105:
6102:
6100:
6097:
6095:
6092:
6091:
6090:
6087:
6083:
6080:
6078:
6075:
6073:
6070:
6069:
6068:
6065:
6061:
6060:
6056:
6054:
6051:
6049:
6046:
6045:
6044:
6041:
6040:
6039:
6036:
6035:
6033:
6031:
6027:
6019:
6018:
6014:
6012:
6009:
6007:
6004:
6003:
6002:
5998:
5996:
5993:
5989:
5986:
5985:
5984:
5981:
5979:
5976:
5974:
5971:
5969:
5966:
5962:
5959:
5957:
5954:
5952:
5949:
5948:
5947:
5944:
5942:
5941:
5937:
5933:
5930:
5929:
5928:
5925:
5921:
5918:
5916:
5913:
5912:
5911:
5908:
5906:
5903:
5899:
5896:
5894:
5891:
5889:
5886:
5885:
5884:
5881:
5877:
5874:
5872:
5869:
5867:
5864:
5862:
5859:
5858:
5857:
5854:
5852:
5849:
5845:
5844:
5840:
5839:
5838:
5835:
5833:
5830:
5828:
5825:
5821:
5818:
5816:
5813:
5811:
5808:
5806:
5803:
5801:
5798:
5797:
5796:
5793:
5789:
5786:
5785:
5784:
5781:
5777:
5774:
5773:
5772:
5769:
5768:
5766:
5764:
5760:
5752:
5749:
5747:
5744:
5742:
5739:
5737:
5734:
5732:
5729:
5727:
5724:
5723:
5722:
5719:
5717:
5714:
5712:
5709:
5707:
5704:
5702:
5699:
5693:
5690:
5686:
5683:
5682:
5681:
5678:
5676:
5673:
5672:
5671:
5668:
5666:
5663:
5661:
5658:
5656:
5653:
5651:
5648:
5646:
5643:
5641:
5638:
5636:
5635:Orientalizing
5633:
5631:
5628:
5626:
5623:
5621:
5620:Sub-Mycenaean
5618:
5617:
5616:
5613:
5609:
5606:
5604:
5601:
5599:
5596:
5594:
5591:
5590:
5589:
5586:
5584:
5581:
5577:
5574:
5573:
5572:
5569:
5568:
5566:
5564:
5560:
5557:
5551:
5547:
5543:
5538:
5534:art movements
5533:
5529:
5525:
5518:
5513:
5511:
5506:
5504:
5499:
5498:
5495:
5485:
5480:
5474:
5473:Cruck framing
5471:
5469:
5466:
5464:
5461:
5459:
5456:
5454:
5451:
5449:
5446:
5444:
5441:
5439:
5436:
5434:
5431:
5428:
5426:
5425:Country house
5423:
5421:
5418:
5416:
5413:
5411:
5408:
5406:
5403:
5401:
5398:
5396:
5393:
5391:
5388:
5386:
5383:
5381:
5378:
5376:
5373:
5371:
5368:
5367:
5365:
5361:
5355:
5352:
5350:
5347:
5345:
5344:Hindu temples
5342:
5340:
5337:
5335:
5332:
5330:
5327:
5325:
5322:
5320:
5317:
5315:
5312:
5310:
5307:
5305:
5302:
5300:
5297:
5295:
5292:
5290:
5287:
5285:
5282:
5280:
5277:
5275:
5272:
5271:
5269:
5267:
5264:Buildings and
5261:
5256:
5246:
5243:
5241:
5238:
5236:
5233:
5231:
5228:
5226:
5223:
5221:
5218:
5216:
5213:
5211:
5208:
5206:
5203:
5201:
5198:
5196:
5193:
5191:
5188:
5186:
5183:
5181:
5178:
5176:
5173:
5171:
5168:
5166:
5163:
5162:
5160:
5156:
5152:
5145:
5140:
5138:
5133:
5131:
5126:
5125:
5122:
5110:
5107:
5105:
5104:
5099:
5093:
5092:
5089:
5080:
5077:
5072:
5071:New Classical
5069:
5064:
5061:
5056:
5053:
5048:
5045:
5040:
5037:
5032:
5029:
5024:
5021:
5016:
5015:Postmodernism
5013:
5008:
5005:
5000:
4999:Structuralism
4997:
4992:
4989:
4984:
4981:
4976:
4973:
4968:
4965:
4960:
4957:
4954:(1930sâ1950s)
4952:
4949:
4944:
4941:
4936:
4933:
4928:
4925:
4920:
4917:
4912:
4909:
4906:(1920sâ1970s)
4904:
4903:Functionalism
4901:
4896:
4893:
4890:(1920sâ1930s)
4888:
4885:
4880:
4877:
4872:
4869:
4864:
4861:
4856:
4853:
4848:
4845:
4840:
4837:
4832:
4829:
4824:
4823:Expressionism
4821:
4818:(1890sâ1920s)
4816:
4813:
4808:
4805:
4800:
4797:
4796:
4794:
4786:
4780:
4777:
4775:
4772:
4770:
4769:Structuralism
4767:
4765:
4762:
4760:
4757:
4755:
4752:
4750:
4747:
4745:
4742:
4740:
4737:
4735:
4732:
4730:
4729:Postmodernism
4727:
4725:
4722:
4720:
4717:
4715:
4712:
4710:
4707:
4705:
4704:New Classical
4702:
4700:
4697:
4695:
4692:
4690:
4689:Monumentalism
4687:
4685:
4682:
4680:
4677:
4675:
4672:
4670:
4667:
4665:
4662:
4660:
4657:
4655:
4652:
4650:
4649:Functionalism
4647:
4645:
4644:Expressionism
4642:
4640:
4637:
4635:
4632:
4630:
4627:
4625:
4622:
4620:
4617:
4615:
4612:
4610:
4607:
4605:
4602:
4600:
4597:
4595:
4592:
4590:
4587:
4586:
4584:
4580:
4576:
4568:
4563:
4561:
4556:
4554:
4549:
4548:
4545:
4539:
4536:
4535:
4526:
4522:
4519:
4515:
4512:
4508:
4505:
4501:
4495:
4494:
4489:
4477:
4473:
4469:
4465:
4462:(June 2003).
4461:
4457:
4456:
4450:
4446:
4442:
4441:
4436:
4431:
4427:
4421:
4417:
4412:
4411:
4386:
4380:
4364:
4360:
4354:
4347:
4344:
4338:
4319:
4315:
4308:
4302:
4286:
4285:The Economist
4282:
4276:
4261:
4257:
4250:
4235:
4231:
4225:
4217:
4213:
4206:
4191:
4187:
4180:
4165:
4161:
4154:
4139:
4138:
4133:
4127:
4112:
4111:
4106:
4099:
4091:
4085:
4081:
4074:
4058:
4057:
4052:
4046:
4044:
4028:
4024:
4018:
4003:
3999:
3992:
3984:
3978:
3974:
3973:
3965:
3957:
3956:Star Magazine
3941:
3937:
3930:
3915:
3911:
3904:
3896:
3892:
3885:
3877:
3876:
3871:
3864:
3856:
3849:
3834:
3830:
3824:
3809:
3805:
3799:
3780:
3773:
3767:
3759:
3753:
3749:
3748:
3740:
3732:
3728:
3721:
3713:
3709:
3702:
3687:
3686:
3681:
3677:
3671:
3663:
3659:
3652:
3644:
3640:
3633:
3625:
3624:The Telegraph
3621:
3614:
3599:
3598:
3593:
3589:
3583:
3575:
3571:
3565:
3550:
3549:
3544:
3540:
3534:
3519:
3518:
3513:
3509:
3503:
3488:
3487:
3482:
3478:
3472:
3457:
3456:
3451:
3447:
3441:
3426:
3425:
3420:
3416:
3410:
3395:
3394:
3389:
3385:
3379:
3364:
3360:
3354:
3346:
3340:
3336:
3335:
3327:
3312:
3311:
3306:
3302:
3296:
3281:
3280:
3275:
3271:
3265:
3250:
3249:
3244:
3240:
3234:
3218:
3214:
3208:
3193:
3192:
3187:
3183:
3177:
3162:
3161:
3156:
3152:
3146:
3131:
3130:
3125:
3121:
3115:
3099:
3095:
3089:
3074:. 12 May 2019
3073:
3069:
3063:
3047:
3043:
3036:
3021:
3017:
3010:
2995:
2991:
2984:
2968:
2964:
2957:
2942:
2938:
2931:
2929:
2920:
2916:
2909:
2907:
2891:
2887:
2881:
2866:
2862:
2856:
2841:
2837:
2831:
2823:
2819:
2812:
2805:
2794:
2788:
2773:
2769:
2763:
2761:
2752:
2750:
2742:
2734:
2732:0-19-504219-0
2728:
2724:
2720:
2719:
2714:
2708:
2692:
2688:
2681:
2680:Star Magazine
2674:
2666:
2660:
2644:
2640:
2634:
2627:
2624:
2618:
2610:
2604:
2600:
2593:
2577:
2573:
2569:
2562:
2560:
2551:
2545:
2541:
2534:
2527:
2521:
2512:
2503:
2495:
2493:9789186050559
2489:
2485:
2478:
2470:
2466:
2462:
2458:
2454:
2450:
2446:
2442:
2438:
2431:
2423:
2419:
2412:
2410:
2401:
2394:
2387:
2382:
2366:
2362:
2356:
2349:
2346:
2341:
2339:
2331:
2329:
2322:
2307:
2306:
2301:
2294:
2287:
2282:
2275:
2270:
2262:
2258:
2254:
2250:
2246:
2242:
2238:
2234:
2230:
2223:
2208:
2204:
2198:
2183:
2179:
2172:
2170:
2168:
2166:
2157:
2156:
2151:
2144:
2129:
2125:
2118:
2103:
2099:
2092:
2077:
2073:
2067:
2052:
2051:
2046:
2039:
2024:
2023:
2018:
2011:
2009:
2007:
2005:
2003:
2001:
1999:
1997:
1995:
1985:
1983:
1981:
1979:
1969:
1967:
1958:
1956:9789186050559
1952:
1948:
1941:
1926:
1922:
1915:
1913:
1896:
1892:
1886:
1884:
1882:
1880:
1878:
1862:
1858:
1851:
1849:
1847:
1845:
1843:
1827:
1826:
1821:
1814:
1812:
1810:
1802:
1799:
1793:
1779:
1778:
1770:
1768:
1752:
1748:
1742:
1727:
1723:
1719:
1715:
1708:
1692:
1688:
1682:
1678:
1668:
1665:
1663:
1660:
1659:
1653:
1651:
1647:
1643:
1639:
1635:
1631:
1627:
1623:
1619:
1614:
1612:
1608:
1604:
1600:
1596:
1592:
1588:
1587:
1582:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1566:
1564:
1560:
1556:
1551:
1549:
1545:
1541:
1537:
1533:
1532:Brutal London
1529:
1525:
1517:
1513:
1508:
1499:
1496:
1492:
1487:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1469:
1464:
1462:
1461:
1456:
1455:
1454:The Economist
1446:
1441:
1432:
1430:
1426:
1422:
1418:
1414:
1410:
1405:
1401:
1396:
1395:
1391:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1374:
1370:
1366:
1362:
1358:
1353:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1327:
1324:'s brutalist
1323:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1305:
1303:
1299:
1295:
1294:desert modern
1291:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1270:Walter Netsch
1267:
1263:
1259:
1255:
1250:
1248:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1223:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1200:
1196:'s 1971 film
1195:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1164:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1133:Leslie Martin
1130:
1126:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1070:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1051:South Vietnam
1048:
1047:postmodernism
1044:
1040:
1036:
1031:
1030:Hero of Labor
1027:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1010:
1005:
1000:
998:
997:postmodernism
994:
990:
989:structuralism
986:
982:
978:
974:
970:
966:
963:
959:
955:
950:
948:
944:
940:
936:
932:
928:
924:
920:
916:
912:
908:
904:
900:
896:
892:
888:
884:
880:
876:
872:
867:
863:
861:
857:
853:
849:
845:
841:
837:
833:
829:
825:
821:
817:
813:
805:
800:
796:
794:
790:
789:William Jordy
786:
782:
778:
774:
770:
769:Marcel Breuer
766:
765:Walter Netsch
762:
758:
754:
750:
746:
742:
741:United States
737:
735:
731:
727:
723:
719:
715:
711:
710:Leslie Martin
707:
703:
702:John Bancroft
699:
695:
691:
687:
683:
679:
675:
667:
662:
655:
651:
647:
638:
636:
632:
628:
624:
620:
616:
612:
608:
604:
600:
597:
592:
589:
585:
580:
578:
573:
569:
563:
556:
552:
547:
541:
537:
533:
528:
519:
517:
513:
509:
504:
502:
498:
494:
490:
486:
485:
480:
476:
472:
471:
466:
462:
458:
457:Reyner Banham
453:
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
431:
427:
426:
421:
416:
414:
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
385:
381:
377:
368:
364:
362:
358:
354:
350:
346:
342:
337:
333:
328:
326:
322:
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
301:
296:
295:
290:
289:Reyner Banham
286:
282:
278:
274:
269:
267:
263:
259:
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
231:
227:
223:
219:
211:International
210:
206:
202:
198:
193:
189:
185:
181:
177:
173:
169:
165:
161:
157:
154:, Venezuela.
153:
149:
145:
141:
137:
133:
129:
118:
111:
104:
93:
86:
79:
68:
61:
54:
43:
37:
33:
19:
8556:Trompe-l'Ćil
8554:
8525:Outsider art
8478:Illustration
8434:Lutheran art
8424:Catholic art
8387:Abstract art
8357:Unilalianism
8320:Software art
8295:Neosymbolism
8285:Neo-futurism
8248:Internet art
8238:Hyperrealism
8091:Superfiction
7874:Photorealism
7742:Afrofuturism
7507:Contemporary
7483:Dimensionism
7466:Concrete art
7399:
7395:Precisionism
7245:
7192:Sosaku-hanga
7166:Productivism
7156:Metaphysical
7126:
7115:Proto-Cubism
7019:Secessionism
6981:Costumbrismo
6866:Aestheticism
6817:Hague School
6797:
6721:Academic art
6702:Costumbrismo
6670:Empire style
6507:Quito School
6502:Cusco School
6418:Colonial art
6379:
6367:FĂȘte galante
6365:
6334:18th century
6296:Delft School
6247:Caravaggisti
6225:17th century
6110:
6067:Quattrocento
6057:
6015:
5938:
5841:
5771:Late antique
5655:Severe style
5645:Black-figure
5532:Contemporary
5420:Bastle house
5299:Roman villas
5244:
5094:
5079:Contemporary
5031:Neo-futurism
5023:Blobitecture
4974:
4962:(1930sâ1970)
4694:Neo-Futurism
4624:Contemporary
4608:
4604:Blobitecture
4524:
4517:
4510:
4503:
4491:
4480:. Retrieved
4476:the original
4471:
4467:
4438:
4415:
4394:24 September
4392:. Retrieved
4379:
4367:. Retrieved
4365:(in Swedish)
4362:
4359:"Villa Göth"
4353:
4346:The Guardian
4345:
4337:
4325:. Retrieved
4318:the original
4313:
4301:
4289:. Retrieved
4284:
4275:
4263:. Retrieved
4259:
4249:
4237:. Retrieved
4233:
4224:
4215:
4205:
4193:. Retrieved
4189:
4179:
4167:. Retrieved
4163:
4153:
4141:. Retrieved
4135:
4126:
4114:. Retrieved
4108:
4098:
4079:
4073:
4061:. Retrieved
4054:
4030:. Retrieved
4026:
4017:
4005:. Retrieved
4001:
3991:
3971:
3964:
3955:
3944:. Retrieved
3939:
3929:
3917:. Retrieved
3913:
3903:
3894:
3884:
3873:
3863:
3854:
3848:
3836:. Retrieved
3833:Northwestern
3832:
3823:
3811:. Retrieved
3807:
3798:
3786:. Retrieved
3779:the original
3766:
3746:
3739:
3730:
3720:
3711:
3701:
3689:. Retrieved
3683:
3670:
3662:The Guardian
3661:
3651:
3642:
3632:
3623:
3613:
3601:. Retrieved
3595:
3582:
3573:
3564:
3552:. Retrieved
3546:
3533:
3521:. Retrieved
3515:
3502:
3490:. Retrieved
3484:
3471:
3459:. Retrieved
3453:
3440:
3428:. Retrieved
3422:
3409:
3397:. Retrieved
3391:
3378:
3366:. Retrieved
3362:
3353:
3333:
3326:
3314:. Retrieved
3308:
3295:
3283:. Retrieved
3277:
3264:
3252:. Retrieved
3246:
3233:
3221:. Retrieved
3219:. 3 May 2012
3216:
3207:
3195:. Retrieved
3189:
3176:
3164:. Retrieved
3158:
3145:
3133:. Retrieved
3127:
3114:
3102:. Retrieved
3097:
3088:
3076:. Retrieved
3071:
3062:
3050:. Retrieved
3045:
3035:
3023:. Retrieved
3019:
3009:
2997:. Retrieved
2993:
2983:
2971:. Retrieved
2966:
2956:
2944:. Retrieved
2940:
2918:
2893:. Retrieved
2889:
2880:
2868:. Retrieved
2864:
2855:
2843:. Retrieved
2839:
2830:
2821:
2817:
2804:
2787:
2775:. Retrieved
2771:
2747:
2741:
2717:
2707:
2695:. Retrieved
2690:
2679:
2673:
2647:. Retrieved
2643:Circa Design
2642:
2633:
2626:The Guardian
2625:
2617:
2598:
2592:
2580:. Retrieved
2576:the original
2571:
2539:
2533:
2525:
2520:
2511:
2502:
2483:
2477:
2444:
2440:
2430:
2421:
2399:
2393:
2385:
2381:
2369:. Retrieved
2365:the original
2355:
2347:
2326:
2321:
2311:24 September
2309:. Retrieved
2303:
2293:
2285:
2281:
2273:
2269:
2236:
2232:
2222:
2210:. Retrieved
2206:
2197:
2185:. Retrieved
2182:The Guardian
2181:
2153:
2143:
2131:. Retrieved
2127:
2117:
2105:. Retrieved
2101:
2091:
2079:. Retrieved
2075:
2066:
2054:. Retrieved
2048:
2038:
2026:. Retrieved
2020:
1946:
1940:
1928:. Retrieved
1924:
1899:. Retrieved
1894:
1864:. Retrieved
1860:
1829:. Retrieved
1823:
1800:
1792:
1781:, retrieved
1776:
1754:. Retrieved
1750:
1741:
1729:. Retrieved
1718:The Guardian
1717:
1707:
1695:. Retrieved
1690:
1681:
1636:Building in
1615:
1584:
1567:
1552:
1547:
1543:
1539:
1535:
1531:
1521:
1488:
1465:
1458:
1452:
1450:
1397:
1354:
1342:Rarig Center
1334:Indianapolis
1306:
1254:Paul Rudolph
1251:
1239:Dunelm House
1224:
1204:Central Hall
1197:
1182:Denys Lasdun
1180:
1172:Basil Spence
1165:
1148:
1122:
1096:Denys Lasdun
1059:NgĂŽ Viáșżt ThỄ
1043:háșu hiá»n ÄáșĄi
1042:
1037:(lit: local
1034:
1007:
1001:
951:
941:building in
864:
860:John Andrews
816:Robin Gibson
809:
761:Indianapolis
749:Ralph Rapson
745:Paul Rudolph
738:
734:Denys Lasdun
706:Denys Lasdun
686:Basil Spence
671:
623:East Germany
593:
581:
564:
560:
515:
507:
505:
482:
479:Le Corbusier
474:
468:
460:
454:
423:
417:
398:to describe
396:Hans Asplund
391:
389:
365:
341:universities
329:
313:Le Corbusier
298:
292:
281:nybrutalism,
280:
270:
217:
216:
200:Years active
171:
155:
127:
36:
8441:Digital art
8404:Avant-garde
8345:Superstroke
8221:Flat design
8216:Fictive art
8211:Excessivism
8159:Art for art
8154:Altermodern
8096:Taring Padi
8031:Lowbrow art
7999:Pliontanism
7936:Yoru no Kai
7889:Process art
7829:Systems art
7799:Arte Povera
7721:Antipodeans
7630:in New York
7600:Jikken KĆbĆ
7563:Color field
7432:Regionalism
7401:Aeropittura
7390:Neo-Fauvism
7363:Neues Sehen
7333:Kinetic art
7197:Suprematism
7171:Synchromism
7088:Noucentisme
7009:Primitivism
6997:Art Nouveau
6952:Cloisonnism
6942:Pointillism
6937:Divisionism
6915:Incoherents
6876:Art pottery
6762:(1863â1944)
6712:Macchiaioli
6687:Biedermeier
6675:Historicism
6660:Orientalism
6601:Romanticism
6572:Akita ranga
6424:Art of the
6409:Picturesque
6361:Chinoiserie
6356:Frederician
6194:Tudor court
6089:Cinquecento
6030:Renaissance
6017:Mappa mundi
6001:cartography
5893:Carolingian
5888:Merovingian
5871:Palaeologan
5843:RepoblaciĂłn
5800:Anglo-Saxon
5731:Gallo-Roman
5670:Hellenistic
5665:Kerch style
5603:Minyan ware
5354:Lighthouses
5309:Hall houses
5190:Elizabethan
5170:Saxo-Norman
5165:Anglo-Saxon
4994:(1953â1970)
4970:(1933â1969)
4946:(1933â1944)
4943:PWA Moderne
4930:(1910â1939)
4882:(1925â1950)
4874:(1922â1933)
4866:(1921â1929)
4863:Rondocubism
4858:(1920â1932)
4850:(1919â1933)
4842:(1917â1931)
4810:(1890â1910)
4807:Art Nouveau
4802:(1888â1911)
4774:Sustainable
4749:Rondocubism
4734:PWA Moderne
4594:Art Nouveau
4498:(in German)
4482:30 December
4460:Golan, Romy
4239:14 February
4195:15 February
3946:18 December
3919:15 February
3838:14 February
3813:14 February
3788:31 December
3691:13 February
3603:13 February
3554:13 February
3523:13 February
3492:13 February
3461:13 February
3430:13 February
3399:13 February
3368:16 February
3359:"Brutalism"
3316:13 February
3285:13 February
3254:13 February
3223:13 February
3197:15 February
3166:15 February
3135:15 February
3098:ZingNews.vn
2824:(2): 63â80.
2697:18 December
2582:11 November
2528:, June 1957
2239:: 105â132.
2102:ZME Science
1622:East London
1583:, named by
1555:sandblasted
1495:urban decay
1472:New England
1149:Red Trilogy
824:Ken Woolley
763:, Indiana.
718:James Gowan
392:nybrutalism
357:urban decay
325:Alvar Aalto
162:in London;
138:, England;
8595:Categories
8488:Jewish art
8300:Passionism
8260:iPhone art
8206:Cyborg art
8201:Crypto art
8174:Brandalism
8066:Cyberdelic
7931:TropicĂĄlia
7904:Street art
7859:Intermedia
7839:Minimalism
7558:Spatialism
7512:Postmodern
7368:Surrealism
7236:Shin-hanga
7076:Die BrĂŒcke
7044:Sonderbund
6957:Synthetism
6680:Revivalism
6589:Transition
6546:Manichaean
6392:Adam style
6313:Classicism
6252:in Utrecht
6180:Still life
5910:Romanesque
5866:Macedonian
5861:Iconoclast
5820:Visigothic
5726:Republican
5680:Indo-Greek
5650:Red-figure
5453:Bath stone
5430:Oast house
5385:Manchester
5375:Birmingham
5266:structures
5230:Jacobethan
5210:Queen Anne
5007:Metabolism
4919:Organicism
4799:Modernisme
4719:Organicism
4684:Modernisme
4674:Metabolism
4573:Genres of
4190:Arch Daily
3952:See also:
3914:Arch Daily
3046:designs.vn
2684:See also:
2572:GRIDS blog
2187:10 October
2107:18 October
2028:10 October
1783:10 October
1731:18 October
1697:18 October
1673:References
1626:John Madin
1620:(2017) in
1569:Villa Göth
1460:Demolition
1427:, and the
1390:Georgetown
1373:Healy Hall
1346:Faner Hall
1296:architect
1202:, and the
985:UĆĄÄe Tower
965:skyscraper
891:Habitat 67
793:Louis Kahn
728:) and the
698:Owen Luder
652:(1967) in
650:Habitat 67
631:Yugoslavia
516:béton brut
512:béton-brut
503:, France.
475:béton brut
470:béton brut
400:Villa Göth
380:Villa Göth
353:city halls
317:Louis Kahn
294:béton brut
254:monochrome
248:, angular
230:minimalist
194:in London.
182:, Canada;
172:Bottom row
156:Middle row
146:, Russia;
8550:Shock art
8540:Queer art
8520:NaĂŻve art
8503:Modernism
8335:Superflat
8325:Sound art
8305:Post-YBAs
8290:Neomodern
8131:Verdadism
8101:Superflat
7950:1970â1999
7914:in the US
7834:Video art
7757:Happening
7730:1960â1969
7522:1945â1959
7185:1915â1944
7176:Vorticism
7128:A Nyolcak
6990:1900â1914
6962:Les Nabis
6893:Symbolism
6849:Amsterdam
6799:Japonisme
6769:1863â1899
6731:in Greece
6591:to modern
6436:Caribbean
6381:Goût grec
6303:Capriccio
6257:Tenebrism
6206:Turquerie
6104:Mannerism
5999:Medieval
5856:Byzantine
5837:Mozarabic
5788:Ethiopian
5692:Neo-Attic
5675:"Baroque"
5660:Classical
5630:Geometric
5608:Mycenaean
5555:(Western)
5553:Premodern
5524:Premodern
5463:Flushwork
5415:Almshouse
5410:Fan vault
5380:Liverpool
5339:Windmills
5245:Brutalist
5235:Edwardian
5225:Victorian
5063:Neomodern
5039:High-tech
4991:New Khmer
4975:Brutalism
4951:Stalinist
4754:Stalinist
4709:New Khmer
4699:Neomodern
4664:High-tech
4614:Bowellism
4609:Brutalism
4449:0362-4331
4291:13 August
3731:The Torch
2967:Kiáșżn Viá»t
2649:28 August
2469:219641726
2461:1360-2365
2155:99designs
2128:Curbed NY
1726:0261-3077
1691:ArchDaily
1435:Reception
1302:firebreak
1067:modernism
1039:modernism
856:Melbourne
852:WTC Wharf
812:Australia
641:Designers
611:communist
596:socialist
489:Marseille
390:The term
345:libraries
336:socialist
277:nostalgia
250:geometric
136:Sheffield
134:flats in
132:Park Hill
18:Brutalism
8580:Category
8530:Portrait
8451:Folk art
8399:Anti-art
8330:Stuckism
8243:Idea art
8164:Art game
8116:Artivism
8004:Punk art
7982:Sots Art
7967:Artscene
7824:Land art
7762:Neo-Dada
7694:Lettrism
7588:Nuagisme
7573:Tachisme
7454:Nazi art
7247:De Stijl
7161:Rayonism
7151:Art Deco
7139:Futurism
6930:Luminism
6898:Romanian
6883:Tonalism
6854:Canadian
6832:American
6738:Neo-Grec
6346:Rocaille
6175:Romanism
6109:Counter-
6043:Trecento
5983:Duecento
5973:Crusades
5905:Ottonian
5883:Frankish
5763:Medieval
5746:Trajanic
5706:Scythian
5701:Etruscan
5593:Cycladic
5571:Thracian
5484:Category
5349:Stadiums
5215:Georgian
5200:Carolean
5195:Jacobean
5082:(2000sâ)
5074:(1990sâ)
5066:(1990sâ)
5058:(1980sâ)
5050:(1980sâ)
5042:(1970sâ)
5034:(1960sâ)
5026:(1960sâ)
5018:(1960sâ)
4983:Tropical
4927:Art Deco
4922:(1920sâ)
4914:(1920sâ)
4911:Futurism
4898:(1920sâ)
4839:De Stijl
4779:Tropical
4654:Futurism
4634:De Stijl
4589:Art Deco
4369:23 April
4110:The Hoya
3574:BBC News
2919:Politika
2777:31 March
2715:(1972).
2659:cite web
2261:57560154
2253:23014873
2212:27 April
2133:30 April
1925:BBC Arts
1866:19 April
1831:19 April
1656:See also
1586:Prospect
1542:(2016),
1538:(2015),
1516:Grade II
1407:scale".
1284:and the
1280:for the
1256:'s 1963
1231:Ove Arup
1216:Stirling
1155:and the
1116:(1970),
969:Belgrade
943:Winnipeg
654:Montreal
635:panelaky
615:Bulgaria
551:Belgrade
501:Ronchamp
465:art brut
300:art brut
242:concrete
226:post-war
208:Location
8545:Realism
8142:present
7869:Nut Art
7672:Pop art
7610:Mono-ha
7478:The Ten
7427:Kapists
7373:Iranian
7326:Bauhaus
7120:Orphism
7066:Fauvism
6903:Russian
6793:Nihonga
6707:Verismo
6692:Realism
6626:Purismo
6539:Moorish
6534:Islamic
6441:Haitian
6232:Baroque
6111:Maniera
5995:Mudéjar
5920:Spanish
5832:Pictish
5815:Lombard
5810:Insular
5751:Severan
5716:Gaulish
5711:Iberian
5640:Archaic
5583:Nuragic
5563:Ancient
5546:periods
5395:Bristol
5324:Museums
5274:Castles
5010:(1959â)
5002:(1959â)
4986:(1958â)
4938:(1930s)
4847:Bauhaus
4834:(1913â)
4826:(1910â)
4599:Bauhaus
4032:9 April
4007:9 April
2895:22 July
2890:EMPORIS
2870:14 July
2845:14 July
2233:October
2076:Phaidon
1756:11 July
1402:at the
1383:by the
1311:at the
1229:, with
1206:of the
1127:at the
1016:. Many
1009:bao cáș„p
1004:Vietnam
931:Toronto
844:Library
773:Atlanta
757:Midwest
739:In the
672:In the
599:utopian
577:in situ
572:gabions
450:Chicago
438:Watford
434:Norfolk
408:I-beams
404:Uppsala
384:Uppsala
371:History
186:in the
180:Toronto
152:Caracas
144:Talnakh
128:Top row
8493:Kitsch
8352:Toyism
7844:Fluxus
7774:Op art
7343:Mingei
7277:Stupid
7255:Purism
7110:Cubism
6759:Modern
6551:Mughal
6341:Rococo
5946:Gothic
5927:Norman
5851:Viking
5805:Hunnic
5783:Coptic
5598:Minoan
5588:Aegean
5576:Dacian
5528:Modern
5433:(cowl)
5370:London
5175:Norman
5158:Styles
4959:Googie
4791:decade
4659:Googie
4447:
4422:
4265:13 May
4169:13 May
4143:13 May
4116:13 May
4086:
4063:13 May
3979:
3754:
3712:Dezeen
3341:
3104:14 May
3078:14 May
3052:14 May
3025:14 May
2999:14 May
2973:13 May
2946:13 May
2729:
2605:
2546:
2490:
2467:
2459:
2371:4 July
2259:
2251:
2081:11 May
2056:11 May
1953:
1930:11 May
1901:11 May
1825:Dezeen
1724:
1573:listed
1559:stucco
1480:lichen
1423:, the
1220:Ulster
1041:) and
973:Serbia
962:storey
954:Serbia
913:; the
905:; the
897:, the
877:, the
866:Canada
712:, Sir
708:, Sir
688:, the
555:Serbia
536:Skopje
351:, and
349:courts
264:, and
262:timber
220:is an
140:Soviet
8140:2000â
7583:COBRA
6577:Uki-e
6567:Japan
6556:Qajar
5915:Mosan
5721:Roman
5615:Greek
5363:Other
5185:Tudor
4388:(PDF)
4327:7 May
4321:(PDF)
4314:nrmca
4310:(PDF)
3782:(PDF)
3775:(PDF)
2814:(PDF)
2796:(PDF)
2465:S2CID
2257:S2CID
2249:JSTOR
522:Motif
266:glass
258:steel
246:brick
8429:Icon
7752:ZERO
7510:and
7407:Asso
7231:Dada
6788:YĆga
5530:and
5390:Bath
4484:2014
4445:ISSN
4420:ISBN
4396:2019
4371:2020
4329:2017
4293:2019
4267:2023
4241:2023
4197:2023
4171:2023
4145:2023
4118:2023
4084:ISBN
4065:2023
4034:2024
4009:2024
3977:ISBN
3948:2017
3921:2023
3840:2023
3815:2023
3790:2010
3752:ISBN
3693:2023
3605:2023
3556:2023
3525:2023
3494:2023
3463:2023
3432:2023
3401:2023
3370:2023
3363:RIBA
3339:ISBN
3318:2023
3287:2023
3256:2023
3225:2023
3199:2023
3168:2023
3137:2023
3106:2023
3080:2023
3054:2023
3027:2023
3001:2023
2975:2023
2948:2023
2897:2017
2872:2017
2847:2017
2779:2021
2727:ISBN
2699:2017
2665:link
2651:2016
2603:ISBN
2584:2017
2544:ISBN
2488:ISBN
2457:ISSN
2373:2019
2313:2019
2214:2020
2189:2018
2135:2020
2109:2023
2083:2020
2058:2020
2030:2018
1951:ISBN
1932:2020
1903:2020
1868:2020
1833:2020
1785:2018
1758:2019
1733:2023
1722:ISSN
1699:2023
1601:and
1526:and
1478:and
1476:moss
1443:The
1392:and
1375:, a
1355:The
1218:and
1212:Bath
991:and
937:and
834:and
747:and
716:and
664:The
627:USSR
467:and
420:Soho
359:and
236:and
2772:CBC
2723:363
2449:doi
2241:doi
2237:136
1644:'s
1628:'s
1579:'s
1348:at
1332:in
1260:at
1159:at
1147:'s
1112:'s
1002:In
967:in
952:In
929:in
858:).
846:at
838:by
826:'s
818:'s
810:In
736:).
534:in
499:in
487:in
448:in
244:or
178:in
150:in
8597::
5526:,
4472:85
4466:.
4443:.
4437:.
4361:.
4312:.
4283:.
4258:.
4232:.
4214:.
4188:.
4162:.
4134:.
4107:.
4053:.
4042:^
4025:.
4000:.
3938:.
3912:.
3893:.
3875:GQ
3872:.
3831:.
3806:.
3729:.
3710:.
3682:.
3678:.
3660:.
3641:.
3622:.
3594:.
3590:.
3572:.
3545:.
3541:.
3514:.
3510:.
3483:.
3479:.
3452:.
3448:.
3421:.
3417:.
3390:.
3386:.
3361:.
3307:.
3303:.
3276:.
3272:.
3245:.
3241:.
3215:.
3188:.
3184:.
3157:.
3153:.
3126:.
3122:.
3096:.
3070:.
3044:.
3018:.
2992:.
2965:.
2927:^
2905:^
2888:.
2863:.
2838:.
2822:35
2820:.
2816:.
2770:.
2759:^
2725:.
2689:.
2661:}}
2657:{{
2641:.
2570:.
2558:^
2463:.
2455:.
2445:20
2443:.
2439:.
2420:.
2408:^
2337:^
2302:.
2255:.
2247:.
2235:.
2231:.
2205:.
2180:.
2164:^
2152:.
2126:.
2100:.
2074:.
2047:.
2019:.
1993:^
1977:^
1965:^
1923:.
1911:^
1893:.
1876:^
1859:.
1841:^
1822:.
1808:^
1766:^
1749:.
1720:.
1716:.
1689:.
1640:,
1624:,
1565:.
1486:.
1431:.
1415:,
1288:.
1249:.
1222:.
1214:,
1178:.
971:,
933:;
925:,
921:,
893:,
822:,
743:,
700:,
637:.
629:,
625:,
621:,
617:,
553:,
538:,
347:,
343:,
327:.
260:,
190:;
174::
170:.
158::
130::
5544:/
5516:e
5509:t
5502:v
5143:e
5136:t
5129:v
4566:e
4559:t
4552:v
4486:.
4451:.
4428:.
4398:.
4373:.
4331:.
4295:.
4269:.
4243:.
4218:.
4199:.
4173:.
4147:.
4120:.
4092:.
4067:.
4036:.
4011:.
3985:.
3950:.
3923:.
3897:.
3878:.
3842:.
3817:.
3792:.
3760:.
3733:.
3714:.
3695:.
3664:.
3645:.
3626:.
3607:.
3558:.
3527:.
3496:.
3465:.
3434:.
3403:.
3372:.
3347:.
3320:.
3289:.
3258:.
3227:.
3201:.
3170:.
3139:.
3108:.
3082:.
3056:.
3029:.
3003:.
2977:.
2950:.
2899:.
2874:.
2849:.
2781:.
2735:.
2701:.
2667:)
2653:.
2611:.
2586:.
2552:.
2496:.
2471:.
2451::
2424:.
2375:.
2350:.
2315:.
2263:.
2243::
2216:.
2191:.
2158:.
2137:.
2111:.
2085:.
2060:.
1959:.
1934:.
1905:.
1870:.
1835:.
1760:.
1735:.
1701:.
1045:(
732:(
724:(
692:/
557:)
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
.jpg)
