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768:, in his 1979 examination of the Bond books, "The Narrative Structure of Ian Fleming", considered that Fleming "has a rhythm, a polish, a certain sensuous feeling for words. That is not to say that Fleming is an artist; yet he writes with art." When examining the passage relating to the death of Le Chiffre, Eco wrote that "there is a ... baroque feeling for the image, a total adaptation of the image without emotional comment, and a use of words that designate things with accuracy", and he went on to conclude that "Fleming is more literate than he gives one to understand."
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637:. Fleming explained to the ornithologist's wife "that this brief, unromantic, Anglo-Saxon and yet very masculine name was just what I needed, and so a second James Bond was born". He further explained that "When I wrote the first one in 1953, I wanted Bond to be an extremely dull, uninteresting man to whom things happened; I wanted him to be a blunt instrument ... when I was casting around for a name for my protagonist I thought by God, is the dullest name I ever heard."
1116:, to enable viewers to understand a game which was not popular in America at the time. For this Americanised version of the story, Bond is an American agent, described as working for "Combined Intelligence", while the character Leiter from the original novel is British, renamed "Clarence Leiter". The agent for Station S., Mathis, does not appear as such; his surname is given to the leading lady, named Valérie Mathis instead of Vesper Lynd.
863:. Parker agrees, and highlights a conversation between Bond and Matthis in the chapter titled "The Nature of Evil", in which Bond says: "By ... evil existence ... he was creating a norm of badness by which, and by which alone, an opposite norm of goodness could exist." The subject was also dealt with by the academic Beth Butterfield, in an examination of Bond from an
1003:, considered that "Ian Fleming has discovered the secret of the narrative art ... which is to work up to a climax unrevealed at the end of each chapter. Thus the reader has to go on reading". Publishers Jonathan Cape included many of the reviews on their advertisements for the book, which appeared in a number of national newspapers; the reviews included those from
728:, on whose physical features Fleming based Le Chiffre's. Crowley's tastes, especially in sado-masochism, were also ascribed to Le Chiffre; as Fleming's biographer Henry Chancellor notes, "when Le Chiffre goes to work on Bond's testicles with a carpet-beater and a carving knife, the sinister figure of Aleister Crowley is there lurking in the background."
825:—to the Soviet Union as having a major impact on how Britain was poorly viewed in US intelligence circles; Fleming was aware of this tension between the two countries, but he did not focus on it too strongly, and Bond and Leiter's warm relationship did not reflect the reality of the US-UK relationship.
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observed that "the central paradox of the classic Bond stories is that, although superficially devoted to the Anglo-American war against communism, they are full of contempt and resentment for
America and Americans". David Seed, in his examination of spy fiction, disagrees, and writes that while Bond
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can be seen as
Fleming's "attempt to reflect the disturbing moral ambiguity of a post-war world that could produce traitors like Burgess and Maclean". The journalist and writer Matthew Parker observes that with the defections of the two spies so recent to the publication, it was "perhaps the closest
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Speaking of Bond's origins, Fleming said that "he was a compound of all the secret agents and commando types I met during the war", although the author gave many of his own traits to the character. Bond's tastes are often taken from
Fleming's own, as is some of his behaviour: Fleming used the casino
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Lynd visits Bond every day as he recuperates in hospital, and he gradually realises that he loves her; he even contemplates leaving the Secret
Service to settle down with her. When he is released from hospital they spend time together at a quiet guest house and eventually become lovers. One day they
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wrote that the book belongs "pretty much to the private-eye school" of fiction. He praised the first part, saying that
Fleming "manages to make baccarat clear even to one who's never played it and produced as exciting a gambling sequence as I've ever read. But then he decides to pad out the book to
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believed that
Fleming was a "kind of supersonic John Buchan", but he was somewhat dismissive of the plot, observing that it is "a brilliant but improbable notion" that includes "a deal of champagne-drinking, bomb-throwing, relentless pitting of wits etc ... with a cretinous love-affair". Raven
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viewpoint. In light of Bond's conversation, Butterfield identifies a crisis of confidence in Bond's character, where he has "moved beyond good and evil" to the point where he does his job not because of principles, but to pursue personal battles. Eco comes to the same conclusion, stating that Bond
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her into helping them undermine Bond's mission, including her own faked kidnapping. She had tried to start a new life with Bond, but upon seeing
Gettler—a SMERSH agent—she realised that she would never be free of her tormentors, and that staying with Bond would only put him in danger. Bond informs
783:. The journalist William Cook observes that with the decline in power of the British Empire, "Bond pandered to Britain's inflated and increasingly insecure self-image, flattering us with the fantasy that Britannia could still punch above her weight." The cultural historians Janet Woollacott and
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The treachery of Le
Chiffre, with the overtones of a fifth column, struck a chord with the largely British readership as Communist influence in the trade unions had been an issue in the press and parliament at the time. Britain had also suffered from defections to the Soviet Union from two MI6
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and an ambassador under Hitler. Both Papen and Bond survived their assassination attempts, carried out by
Bulgarians, because trees protected them from the blasts. Fleming also included four references in the novel to "Red Indians", including twice on the last page, which came from a unit of
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in illustrating Bond, Fleming commissioned an artist to create a sketch of what he believed James Bond to look like. McLusky felt that
Fleming's 007 looked too "outdated" and "pre-war" and changed Bond to give him a more masculine look. A graphic novel adaptation of the book was released by
1301:, the publisher and editor who was a close friend of Peter Fleming, later remarked that "when Ian Fleming mentions any particular food, clothing or cigarettes in his books, the makers reward him with presents in kind ... Ian's are the only modern thrillers with built-in commercials."
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to see a copy, and remarked "I really am thoroughly ashamed of it ... after rifling through this muck you will probably never speak to me again, but I have got to take that chance." Despite this, Plomer thought the book had sufficient promise and sent a copy to the publishing house
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magazine in which he said: "I write for about three hours in the morning ... and I do another hour's work between six and seven in the evening. I never correct anything and I never go back to see what I have written ... By following my formula, you write 2,000 words a day."
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at his Goldeneye estate in Jamaica on 17 February; he typed out 2,000 words in the morning, directly from his own experiences and imagination, and finished work on the manuscript in March 1952. It was a pattern he retained for future Bond books. In May 1963 he wrote a piece for
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was inspired by certain incidents that took place during Fleming's wartime career at the Naval Intelligence Division (NID), or by events of which he was aware. On a trip to Portugal, en route to the United States, Fleming and the NID Director, Admiral Godfrey, went to the
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novels—which is to use the evil of his opponents both as a justification of his actions, and as a device to foil their own plans. Black refers to the episode of the attempted assassination of Bond by Bulgarian assassins which results in their own deaths.
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also send agents as observers. The game soon turns into an intense confrontation between Le Chiffre and Bond; Le Chiffre wins the first round, cleaning Bond out of his funds. As Bond contemplates the prospect of reporting his failure to M, the CIA agent,
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Bond, threatening to kill them both if he does not get the money back. During the torture, a SMERSH assassin enters and kills Le Chiffre as punishment for losing the money. The agent does not kill Bond, saying that he has no orders to do so, but cuts a
915:, which sold out in less than a month; a second print run the same month also sold out, as did a third run of more than 8,000 books published in May 1954. The sales figures were strong enough for Cape to offer Fleming a three-book deal. In April 1955
895:"The scent and smoke and sweat of a casino are nauseating at three in the morning. Then the soul erosion produced by high gambling – a compost of greed and fear and nervous tension – becomes unbearable and the senses awake and revolt from it."
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called "the Fleming effect". Amis describes it as "the imaginative use of information, whereby the pervading fantastic nature of Bond's world ... bolted down to some sort of reality, or at least counter-balanced." Within the text the novelist
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was "an extremely engaging affair", and that "the especial charm ... is the high poetry with which he invests the green baize lagoons of the casino tables". He concluded that the book was "both exciting and extremely civilized". Reviewing for
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In 1942 Fleming attended an Anglo-American intelligence summit in Jamaica and, despite the constant heavy rain during his visit, he decided to live on the island once the war was over. His friend Ivar Bryce helped find a plot of land in
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see a mysterious man named Gettler tracking their movements, which greatly distresses Lynd. The following morning, Bond finds that she has committed suicide. She leaves behind a note explaining that she had been working as an unwilling
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to introduce Bond in his first novel because "skill at gambling and knowledge of how to behave in a casino were seen ... as attributes of a gentleman". Lycett sees much of Bond's character as being "wish fulfilment" by Fleming.
753:—who later wrote a series of Bond novels—identifies what he described as the "Fleming Sweep", the use of "hooks" at the end of chapters to heighten tension and pull the reader into the next. The hooks combine with what the novelist
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was published on 23 March 1954 in the US, but sales were poor, totalling only 4,000 copies across the entire US during the course of the year. When the novel was released as a US paperback in 1955, it was re-titled by publisher
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was "a first-rate thriller ... with a breathtaking plot". Although he considered the book to be "schoolboy stuff", he felt the novel was "galvanised into life by the hard brilliance of the telling". Alan Ross, writing in
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novel length and leads the weary reader through a set of tough clichés to an ending which surprises nobody save Operative 007. You should certainly begin this book; but you might as well stop when the baccarat game is over."
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also dismissed Bond as an "infantile" creation, but did allow that "Fleming tells a good story with strength and distinction ... his creation of a scene, both visually and emotionally, is of a very high order indeed."
834:, pointed out that Leiter is "such a nonentity as a piece of characterization ... he, the American, takes orders from Bond, the Britisher, and that Bond is constantly doing better than he". The journalist and author
486:. In this role he oversaw the paper's worldwide network of correspondents. His contract allowed him to take two months holiday every winter in Jamaica. In 1948 Charteris gave birth to Fleming's daughter, Mary, who was
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agree, and consider that "Bond embodied the imaginary possibility that England might once again be placed at the centre of world affairs during a period when its world power status was visibly and rapidly declining."
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was partly based. Clare Blanchard, a former girlfriend, advised him not to publish the book, or at least to do so under a pseudonym. During the book's final draft stages, Fleming allowed his friend, and later editor,
323:. With the compliments of the USA." The game continues, despite the attempts of one of Le Chiffre's minders to kill Bond. Bond eventually wins, taking from Le Chiffre eighty million francs belonging to SMERSH.
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Bond's superior, M, was largely based on Godfrey, Fleming's NID superior officer; Godfrey was known for his bellicose and irascible temperament. One of the likely models for Le Chiffre was the influential English
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209:. The book was given broadly positive reviews by critics at the time and sold out in less than a month after its UK release on 13 April 1953, although US sales upon release a year later were much slower.
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Fleming had previously mentioned to friends that he wanted to write a spy novel, but it was not until early 1952, to distract himself from his forthcoming nuptials, that he began to write
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Fleming later said of his work, "while thrillers may not be Literature with a capital L, it is possible to write what I can best describe as 'thrillers designed to be read as literature
182:, and the people he met during his work, to provide plot elements; the character of Bond also reflected many of Fleming's personal tastes. Fleming wrote the draft in early 1952 at his
580:, Estoril's population had been swelled by spies and agents from the warring regimes. Fleming claimed that while there he was cleaned out by a "chief German agent" at a table playing
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or 30 Assault Unit (30AU), composed of specialist intelligence troops. The unit was Fleming's idea, and he nicknamed the troops his "Red Indians", although they disliked the name.
437:. Fleming joined the organisation full-time in August 1939, with the codename "17F", and worked for them throughout the war. Early in 1939 he began an affair with Ann O'Neill (
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in 1951; Griswold allows a possible second timeframe and considers the story could have taken place in either May to July 1951, or May to July 1952. Griswold noted that in
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Although Fleming provided limited information regarding dates within his novels, two writers have identified different timelines based on events and situations within the
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was written after, and was heavily influenced by, the Second World War; Britain was still an imperial power, and the Western and Eastern blocs were engaged in the
697:. His genius was to repackage these antiquated adventures to fit the fashion of postwar Britain ... In Bond, he created a Bulldog Drummond for the jet age.
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was first released on 13 April 1953 in the UK as a hardback edition by publishers Jonathan Cape, with a cover devised by Fleming. Cape printed 4,728 copies of
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in Jamaica while awaiting his marriage. He was initially unsure whether the work was suitable for publication, but was assured by his friend, the novelist
648:, Fleming's biographer, "within the first few pages ... had introduced most of Bond's idiosyncrasies and trademarks", which included his looks, his
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Butterfield, Beth (2006). "Being-Towards-Death and Taking Pleasure in Beauty: James Bond and Existentialism". In Held, Jacob M.; South, James (eds.).
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and himself, and in the novel Lynd remarks that "Bond reminds me rather of Hoagy Carmichael, but there is something cold and ruthless." According to
584:. Godfrey told a different story: that Fleming only played Portuguese businessmen, and afterwards fantasised about playing against German agents.
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deals with the question of Anglo-American relations, reflecting the real-world central role of the US in the defence of the West. The academic
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and his smoking and drinking habits. The full details of Bond's martini were kept until chapter seven of the book and Bond eventually named it
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Back in London, Fleming had his manuscript—which he described as his "dreadful oafish opus"—retyped by Joan Howe, his red-haired secretary at
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Following the 1967 adaptation, the rights to the film remained with Columbia Pictures until 1989 when the studio, and the rights to their
1135:. Feldman decided the best way to profit from the film rights was to make a satirical version, which was produced and released in 1967 by
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947:, but this marketing ploy failed to raise the interest. The Popular Library version also changed Bond's name, calling him "Jimmy Bond".
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calls "a heightened journalistic style" to produce "a speed of narrative, which hustles the reader past each danger point of mockery".
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is James Bond, an agent of the Secret Service. Fleming initially named the character James Secretan before he appropriated the name of
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still had uncleared bomb sites and sweets had ceased being rationed, but coal and other food items were still regulated. According to
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1756:"'The name's Secretan ... James Secretan': Early draft of Casino Royale reveals what Ian Fleming wanted to call his super spy"
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deals with themes of Britain's position in the world, particularly the relationship with the US in light of the defections to the
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James Bond is the culmination of an important but much-maligned tradition in English literature. As a boy, Fleming devoured the
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Funnell, Lisa (June 2011). "'I Know Where You Keep Your Gun': Daniel Craig as the Bond–Bond Girl Hybrid in Casino Royale".
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The failed attempt to kill Bond at Royale-Les-Eaux was inspired by Fleming's knowledge of the attempted assassination of
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as Le Chiffre. A brief tutorial on baccarat is given at the beginning of the show by the presenter of the programme,
807:, Bond was "the ideal antidote to Britain's postwar austerity, rationing and the looming premonition of lost power".
526:. At first they were unenthusiastic, but were persuaded to publish on the recommendation of Fleming's older brother,
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158:, the treasurer of a French union and a member of the Russian secret service. Bond is supported in his endeavours by
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casino in northern France. As part of Bond's cover as a rich Jamaican playboy, M also assigns as his companion
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1052:'s younger brother except that he never takes coffee for a bracer, just one large Martini laced with vodka."
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1332:, which also involves Bond before getting his 00 licence, was released in 2018 written by Anthony Horowitz.
1259:, showing Bond at the beginning of his career as a 00-agent, and overall stays true to the original novel.
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beats Le Chiffre, his "activities are constantly supported by American agencies, financing and know-how".
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347:, Russian for spy) into Bond's hand so that future SMERSH agents will be able to identify him as such.
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in May 1945, he became the Foreign Manager in the Kemsley newspaper group, which at the time owned
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and syndicated worldwide. The strip ran from 7 July 1958 to 13 December 1958, and was written by
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459:. The name of the house and estate has many possible sources. Fleming mentioned both his wartime
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856:-style spy story". Chancellor sees the moral ambiguity of the Cold War reflected in the novel.
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as Bond, was made with five credited directors (plus one uncredited) and a cast that included
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672:. Shake it very well until it's ice-cold, then add a large thin slice of lemon peel."
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his service of Lynd's duplicity, coldly telling his contact, "The bitch is dead now."
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Ian Fleming's James Bond: Annotations And Chronologies for Ian Fleming's Bond Stories
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spy ring that betrayed Western secrets to the Soviets. Thus Lycett observes that
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3247:(2009). "The Narrative Structure of Ian Fleming". In Lindner, Christoph (ed.).
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by Fleming, followed by numerous continuation Bond novels by other authors.
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The "Fleming effect" was a mechanism he continued to use in future books;
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state that it was "in not much more than two months", while the academic
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2123:(Winter 2002–2003). "'Oh, James': 007 as International Man of History".
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issued a paperback version and sold 41,000 copies in the first year.
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Fleming decided that Bond should resemble both the American singer
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Upton, John (August 1987). "The James Bond Books of Ian Fleming".
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The Politics of James Bond: from Fleming's Novel to the Big Screen
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2005:
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422:, Fleming moved through several jobs before he was recruited by
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Seed, David (2003). "Spy Fiction". In Priestman, Martin (ed.).
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Kiss Kiss Bang! Bang!: the Unofficial James Bond Film Companion
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series. The episode aired live on 21 October 1954 and starred
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Ian Fleming's Commandos: The Story of 30 Assault Unit in WWII
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99 Novels. The Best in English Since 1939: A Personal Choice
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Desperate to recover the money, Le Chiffre kidnaps Lynd and
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Nudd, John (October 1989). "Ian Fleming & James Bond".
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represented Ratoff's widow and obtained the rights to make
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Benson considers the most obvious theme of the novel to be
3488:. Vol. 1 (online ed.). Oxford University Press.
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where, in 1945, Fleming had a house built, which he named
178:. Fleming used his wartime experiences as a member of the
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returned for her fifth Bond film as Bond's superior, M.
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in April 2018, written by Van Jensen and illustrated by
490:; Charteris and Fleming became engaged shortly in 1951.
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Bond and Beyond: The Political Career of a Popular Hero
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reviewer went on to say that "As for Bond, he might be
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In the US three publishers turned the book down before
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3309:
Fleming, Ian; Gammidge, Henry; McLusky, John (1988).
2842:
2764:
2642:. Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. Archived from
2415:
2403:
2391:
2343:
2259:
2153:
2041:
1981:
1921:
1911:
1909:
1907:
1905:
1903:
1839:
1827:
1696:
1648:
1633:
1597:
1558:
1490:
1488:
1422:
1376:
1374:
1372:
1345:
2673:
2658:
2511:
Ross, Alan (17 April 1953). "Spies and Charlatans".
2283:
2029:
1437:
1108:
as secret agent "Card Sense" James 'Jimmy' Bond and
817:
points to the 1951 defections of two members of MI6—
402:, a wealthy banker and MP who died in action on the
16:
1953 novel by Ian Fleming, the first James Bond book
3565:
2617:
2466:
2442:
2427:
2235:
2011:
1993:
1684:
1398:
1357:
1229:. This led to Eon Productions making the 2006 film
656:, after Lynd. Bond's order, to be served in a deep
3703:
3520:
3477:
3382:
3149:
3126:
3026:
2558:
2556:
2331:
2189:
2177:
2101:
1900:
1672:
1485:
1449:
1369:
1319:$ 6,000 in 1955 is approximately $ 52,800 in 2015.
1169:was the first James Bond novel to be adapted as a
1119:In March 1955 Ian Fleming sold the film rights of
1017:, which advised their readers: "don't miss this".
871:Black also identifies a mechanism Fleming uses in
3047:
3021:
2601:
2599:
2483:
2481:
2319:
2147:
2089:
2077:
2065:
1585:
1479:
1410:
1386:
1310:$ 1,000 in 1954 is approximately $ 8,400 in 2015.
222:, and been adapted for the screen three times: a
5056:
3174:James Bond and Philosophy: Questions are Forever
2247:
1505:
1503:
4313:
3679:
2917:
2794:
2553:
2528:
2526:
2524:
2522:
2460:
2201:
1207:portfolio was acquired by the Japanese company
298:, personal assistant to the Head of Section S (
3669:The Life of Ian Fleming: Creator of James Bond
2634:
2632:
2596:
2576:
2574:
2506:
2504:
2502:
2478:
1887:
1885:
1883:
1881:
1790:
541:—both of whom have written books on behalf of
315:, gives him an envelope of money and a note: "
4692:
3830:
3265:
3095:. Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press.
2059:
1747:
1540:
1500:
5090:British novels adapted into television shows
3844:
3531:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
3424:The James Bond Phenomenon: a Critical Reader
3393:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
3249:The James Bond Phenomenon: a Critical Reader
3053:The James Bond Phenomenon: a Critical Reader
2887:
2854:
2533:Raven, Simon (23 April 1953). "New Novels".
2519:
1127:for $ 6,000. After Ratoff's death, producer
883:
146:The story concerns the British secret agent
4387:James Bond: The Authorized Biography of 007
3427:. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
3384:"Burgess, Guy Francis de Moncy (1911–1963)"
3251:. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
3170:
3055:. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
3002:
2901:. IGN Entertainment, Inc. 19 October 2005.
2895:"IGN: Interview: Campbell on Casino Royale"
2691:
2640:"Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800–2014"
2629:
2571:
2499:
2313:
1892:Cook, William (28 June 2004). "Novel man".
1878:
1753:
1280:Sources differ on the end date of writing.
791:In 1953 parts of central London, including
4699:
4685:
3837:
3823:
3203:
2547:
2277:
2119:
1975:
1939:
1627:
1579:
1467:
1211:. In 1999, following legal action between
162:, a member of his own service, as well as
27:
3729:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
3591:
2171:
2113:
1963:
1951:
1872:
1741:
1729:
1666:
1552:
935:; Fleming's suggestions for a new title,
33:First edition cover, conceived by Fleming
4938:Spymaker: The Secret Life of Ian Fleming
4366:The Adventures of James Bond Junior 003½
3727:The Cambridge Companion to Crime Fiction
3347:
2860:
2207:
1784:
1615:
1073:
611:
375:
3743:
3663:
3613:
3528:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
3515:
3485:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
3472:
3420:
3390:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
3289:
3121:
2923:
2806:
2727:
2609:(25 April 1954). "Criminals at Large".
2605:
2487:
2421:
2397:
2047:
1857:
1833:
1796:
1564:
1455:
1431:
1380:
1351:
1262:
1159:. The 1967 version is described by the
5057:
4643:Danger Society: The Young Bond Dossier
3698:
3644:
3453:
3177:. Chicago, IL: Open Court Publishing.
3147:
3069:
2770:
2697:
2667:
2472:
2448:
2436:
2409:
2379:from the original on 22 September 2018
2352:
2301:
2289:
2265:
2223:from the original on 10 September 2017
2159:
2035:
1987:
1927:
1845:
1714:
1702:
1690:
1654:
1642:
1603:
1443:
1404:
1363:
888:
4680:
3818:
3776:
3680:Pfeiffer, Lee; Worrall, Dave (1998).
3222:
3088:
2950:
2848:
2679:
2623:
2532:
2337:
2183:
2107:
1915:
1678:
1494:
950:
438:
132:. Published in 1953, it is the first
4661:James Bond uncollected short stories
4603:Double O Seven, James Bond, A Report
3724:
3635:
3621:. London: Constable & Robinson.
3577:. Vol. 2. London: John Murray.
3479:"Fleming, Ian Lancaster (1908–1964)"
3380:
3333:Ian Fleming: Man with the Golden Pen
3327:
3003:Barnes, Alan; Hearn, Marcus (2001).
2985:
2783:Fleming, Gammidge & McLusky 1988
2715:from the original on 6 December 2012
2510:
2253:
2241:
2195:
2023:
1999:
1891:
1812:from the original on 21 January 2012
1591:
1416:
1392:
1288:writes that it was on 18 March 1952.
1163:as "an incoherent all-star comedy".
828:Amis, in his exploration of Bond in
563:
359:. SMERSH had kidnapped her lover, a
282:, 007, to play against and bankrupt
4666:Bibliography of works on James Bond
3243:
2820:"Review: James Bond: Casino Royale"
2325:
2095:
2083:
2071:
1078:Copyright renewal registration for
631:, author of the ornithology guide,
443:Charteris), who was married to the
13:
5039:CWA Ian Fleming Steel Dagger award
4970:Fleming: The Man Who Would Be Bond
4840:Octopussy and The Living Daylights
3993:Octopussy and The Living Daylights
3764:from the original on 23 March 2023
3441:from the original on 10 April 2023
3368:from the original on 10 April 2023
3226:Legal Issues in the Music Industry
3191:from the original on 10 April 2023
3109:from the original on 23 March 2023
2905:from the original on 10 April 2023
2875:from the original on 5 August 2020
2733:
1766:from the original on 15 April 2013
1090:paid Ian Fleming $ 1,000 to adapt
414:and, briefly, the universities of
14:
5136:
5075:British novels adapted into films
5044:Ian Fleming International Airport
3787:
3599:. London: Bloomsbury Publishing.
3206:James Bond: The Man and His World
2861:Shprintz, Janet (29 March 1999).
2830:from the original on 16 June 2018
2752:from the original on 7 April 2019
2582:"Books: Murder Is Their Business"
216:has appeared as a comic strip in
4627:The James Bond Bedside Companion
4324:James Bond, The Spy Who Loved Me
3354:. Bloomington, IN: AuthorHouse.
3072:The James Bond Bedside Companion
2963:from the original on 8 June 2020
2944:
2938:10.1111/j.1540-5931.2011.00843.x
2812:
1517:from the original on 9 June 2020
1322:
943:, were disregarded in favour of
843:operatives who were part of the
248:playing "Sir James Bond", and a
4797:On Her Majesty's Secret Service
4706:
3969:On Her Majesty's Secret Service
3779:The Book and Magazine Collector
3638:The Book and Magazine Collector
3229:. Shreveport, LA: BuzzGig LLC.
3148:Butler, William Vivian (1973).
2588:. 29 March 1954. Archived from
2491:(17 April 1953). "New Novels".
2012:Lyttelton & Hart-Davis 1979
1754:O'Brien, Liam (14 April 2013).
1313:
1304:
1291:
1274:
2926:The Journal of Popular Culture
1069:
619:: Fleming's view of James Bond
558:
537:as a whole. John Griswold and
431:Director of Naval Intelligence
388:and a basis for the character
190:, that the novel had promise.
1:
4954:Ian Fleming: Where Bond Began
3747:The Rough Guide to James Bond
3381:Kerr, Sheila (January 2011).
2951:Poole, Steven (23 May 2018).
2513:The Times Literary Supplement
2148:Bennett & Woollacott 1987
1480:Bennett & Woollacott 2003
1339:
1096:one-hour television adventure
972:The Times Literary Supplement
660:, was for "three measures of
607:
398:, born in 1908, was a son of
371:
3575:Lyttelton–Hart-Davis Letters
3559:UK public library membership
3552:UK public library membership
3509:UK public library membership
3414:UK public library membership
3025:; Woollacott, Janet (1987).
1513:. Ian Fleming Publications.
1223:for MGM's partial-rights to
1219:, Sony traded the rights to
685:tales of Lieutenant Colonel
384:, Fleming's superior at the
361:Polish Royal Air Force pilot
357:Ministry of Internal Affairs
150:, gambling at the casino in
7:
4813:The Man with the Golden Gun
4200:The Man with the Red Tattoo
3985:The Man with the Golden Gun
3710:. London: Faber and Faber.
3421:Lindner, Christoph (2009).
2795:Pfeiffer & Worrall 1998
2461:Pfeiffer & Worrall 1998
1213:Sony Pictures Entertainment
470:Reflections in a Golden Eye
386:Naval Intelligence Division
180:Naval Intelligence Division
10:
5141:
4911:The Poppy Is Also a Flower
3335:. London: Mayflower-Dell.
3204:Chancellor, Henry (2005).
3007:. London: Batsford Books.
2978:
593:Vice-Chancellor of Germany
319:. Thirty-two million
274:, the Head of the British
193:Within the spy storyline,
4980:
4921:
4896:
4869:
4850:
4823:
4714:
4653:
4592:
4571:
4542:
4495:
4462:
4409:
4397:
4376:
4355:
4346:
4306:
4273:
4252:
4231:
4210:
4149:
4024:
4003:
3878:
3867:
3858:
3294:. London: Penguin Books.
3275:. London: Penguin Books.
2369:"The Great Bond Cover Up"
2060:Faulks & Fleming 2009
1760:The Independent on Sunday
1541:Faulks & Fleming 2009
884:Publication and reception
803:journalist and historian
771:
578:Portugal's neutral status
406:in May 1917. Educated at
104:
96:
88:
78:
68:
58:
48:
38:
26:
4994:Evelyn St. Croix Fleming
4332:James Bond and Moonraker
3798:Ian Fleming Publications
3750:. London: Rough Guides.
3645:Parker, Matthew (2014).
3133:. London: Summit Books.
3070:Benson, Raymond (1988).
2567:. 9 May 1953. p. 8.
1282:Ian Fleming Publications
1267:
933:American Popular Library
926:offered Fleming a deal.
731:
634:Birds of the West Indies
543:Ian Fleming Publications
84:13 April 1953 (hardback)
4859:Chitty-Chitty-Bang-Bang
4824:Short story collections
4107:The Man from Barbarossa
3684:. London: Boxtree Ltd.
3454:Lycett, Andrew (1996).
3348:Griswold, John (2006).
3313:. London: Titan Books.
3269:; Fleming, Ian (2009).
3208:. London: John Murray.
3152:The Durable Desperadoes
3074:. London: Boxtree Ltd.
2986:Amis, Kingsley (1966).
2692:Barnes & Hearn 2001
2493:The Manchester Guardian
1823:(subscription required)
1717:, pp. 152 and 221.
1139:. The film, which cast
961:The Manchester Guardian
924:Macmillan Publishing Co
689:(aka "Sapper") and the
266:
240:as an American Bond, a
4946:Ian Fleming: Bondmaker
4757:From Russia, with Love
4611:The James Bond Dossier
4498:The Moneypenny Diaries
3921:From Russia, with Love
3744:Simpson, Paul (2002).
3649:. London: Hutchinson.
3537:10.1093/ref:odnb/40227
3494:10.1093/ref:odnb/33168
3399:10.1093/ref:odnb/37244
3290:Fleming, Ian (2006) .
3089:Black, Jeremy (2005).
2988:The James Bond Dossier
2746:British Film Institute
2705:"Casino Royale (1967)"
1239:as Bond, supported by
1194:Dynamite Entertainment
1173:; it was published in
1161:British Film Institute
1083:
897:
831:The James Bond Dossier
699:
623:The lead character of
620:
512:on whom the character
392:
201:of the British agents
128:by the British author
5125:Novels set in casinos
5095:Novels by Ian Fleming
5065:Casino Royale (novel)
4957:(2008 TV documentary)
4949:(2005 TV documentary)
4878:The Diamond Smugglers
4067:Nobody Lives for Ever
3156:. London: Macmillan.
3033:. London: Routledge.
2990:. London: Pan Books.
2209:Hitchens, Christopher
2126:The National Interest
1205:intellectual property
1077:
893:
679:
615:
379:
5120:Novels set in France
5105:Novels about suicide
4789:The Spy Who Loved Me
4749:Diamonds Are Forever
4192:Never Dream of Dying
4043:For Special Services
3961:The Spy Who Loved Me
3913:Diamonds Are Forever
3796:Official website of
3223:Davis, Mark (2010).
2592:on 16 November 2010.
2217:The Atlantic Monthly
1798:Hellman, Geoffrey T.
1263:Notes and references
956:Hugh I'Anson Fausset
836:Christopher Hitchens
687:Herman Cyril McNeile
668:, half a measure of
154:to try and bankrupt
5100:Jonathan Cape books
5070:1953 British novels
5024:Operation Goldeneye
4805:You Only Live Twice
4635:The Battle for Bond
3977:You Only Live Twice
3458:. London: Phoenix.
2709:Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
2646:on 20 December 2014
1328:A prequel novel to
1243:as Vesper Lynd and
1183:and illustrated by
1000:The Daily Telegraph
889:Publication history
875:—and in subsequent
744:, which the author
723:ceremonial magician
545:—put the events of
461:Operation Goldeneye
23:
5029:Operation Ruthless
4973:(2014 mini-series)
4914:(story idea, 1966)
4906:(attributed, 1939)
4832:For Your Eyes Only
4168:The Facts of Death
4123:Never Send Flowers
4075:No Deals, Mr. Bond
3945:For Your Eyes Only
3682:The Essential Bond
3597:For Your Eyes Only
3571:Hart-Davis, Rupert
2611:The New York Times
2304:, pp. 136–37.
2026:, pp. 111–12.
1482:, p. 1, ch 1.
1129:Charles K. Feldman
1084:
1058:The New York Times
1026:magazine examined
951:Critical reception
937:The Double-O Agent
852:Fleming came to a
621:
435:personal assistant
393:
382:John Henry Godfrey
230:television series
212:Since publication
21:
5115:1953 debut novels
5052:
5051:
5012:Amaryllis Fleming
5000:Valentine Fleming
4716:James Bond novels
4674:
4673:
4538:
4537:
4503:Samantha Weinberg
4491:
4490:
4342:
4341:
4302:
4301:
4292:Forever and a Day
4176:High Time to Kill
3757:978-1-84353-142-5
3736:978-0-521-00871-6
3717:978-0-571-25062-2
3691:978-0-7522-2477-0
3656:978-0-09-195410-9
3628:978-1-84901-857-9
3606:978-0-7475-9527-4
3584:978-0-7195-3673-1
3567:Lyttelton, George
3557:(subscription or
3550:(Subscription or
3507:(Subscription or
3465:978-1-85799-783-5
3434:978-0-7190-6541-5
3412:(Subscription or
3361:978-1-4259-3100-1
3320:978-1-85286-040-0
3301:978-0-14-102830-9
3282:978-0-14-103545-1
3267:Faulks, Sebastian
3258:978-0-7190-6541-5
3236:978-0-615-33686-2
3215:978-0-7195-6815-2
3184:978-0-8126-9607-3
3163:978-0-333-14217-2
3140:978-0-671-52407-4
3102:978-0-8032-6240-9
3081:978-1-85283-233-9
3062:978-0-7190-6541-5
3040:978-0-416-01361-0
3014:978-0-7134-8182-2
2863:"Big Bond-holder"
2826:. 11 April 2018.
2563:"Casino Royale".
1860:, pp. 52–53.
1800:(21 April 1962).
1630:, pp. 98–99.
1618:, pp. 5, 13.
1299:Rupert Hart-Davis
1235:. The film stars
1189:The Daily Express
1176:The Daily Express
1171:daily comic strip
1137:Columbia Pictures
941:The Deadly Gamble
900:Opening lines of
564:Plot inspirations
500:Books and Bookmen
453:Saint Mary Parish
445:3rd Baron O'Neill
400:Valentine Fleming
242:1967 film version
219:The Daily Express
117:
116:
89:Publication place
5132:
5085:James Bond books
4886:Thrilling Cities
4733:Live and Let Die
4701:
4694:
4687:
4678:
4677:
4619:The Book of Bond
4561:The Killing Zone
4452:By Royal Command
4407:
4406:
4353:
4352:
4315:Christopher Wood
4311:
4310:
4275:Anthony Horowitz
4212:Sebastian Faulks
4115:Death Is Forever
4091:Win, Lose or Die
3897:Live and Let Die
3876:
3875:
3839:
3832:
3825:
3816:
3815:
3782:
3773:
3771:
3769:
3740:
3721:
3709:
3700:Rankin, Nicholas
3695:
3676:
3660:
3641:
3632:
3610:
3588:
3562:
3555:
3547:
3545:
3543:
3524:
3512:
3504:
3502:
3500:
3481:
3469:
3450:
3448:
3446:
3417:
3409:
3407:
3405:
3386:
3377:
3375:
3373:
3344:
3324:
3305:
3286:
3262:
3240:
3219:
3200:
3198:
3196:
3167:
3155:
3144:
3132:
3123:Burgess, Anthony
3118:
3116:
3114:
3085:
3066:
3044:
3032:
3018:
2999:
2973:
2972:
2970:
2968:
2948:
2942:
2941:
2921:
2915:
2914:
2912:
2910:
2891:
2885:
2884:
2882:
2880:
2858:
2852:
2846:
2840:
2839:
2837:
2835:
2816:
2810:
2804:
2798:
2792:
2786:
2780:
2774:
2768:
2762:
2761:
2759:
2757:
2731:
2725:
2724:
2722:
2720:
2701:
2695:
2689:
2683:
2677:
2671:
2665:
2656:
2655:
2653:
2651:
2636:
2627:
2621:
2615:
2614:
2607:Boucher, Anthony
2603:
2594:
2593:
2578:
2569:
2568:
2560:
2551:
2545:
2539:
2538:
2530:
2517:
2516:
2508:
2497:
2496:
2485:
2476:
2470:
2464:
2458:
2452:
2446:
2440:
2434:
2425:
2419:
2413:
2407:
2401:
2395:
2389:
2388:
2386:
2384:
2365:
2356:
2350:
2341:
2335:
2329:
2323:
2317:
2314:Butterfield 2006
2311:
2305:
2299:
2293:
2287:
2281:
2275:
2269:
2263:
2257:
2251:
2245:
2239:
2233:
2232:
2230:
2228:
2211:(1 April 2006).
2205:
2199:
2193:
2187:
2181:
2175:
2169:
2163:
2157:
2151:
2145:
2139:
2138:
2117:
2111:
2105:
2099:
2093:
2087:
2081:
2075:
2069:
2063:
2057:
2051:
2045:
2039:
2033:
2027:
2021:
2015:
2009:
2003:
1997:
1991:
1985:
1979:
1973:
1967:
1961:
1955:
1949:
1943:
1937:
1931:
1925:
1919:
1913:
1898:
1897:
1889:
1876:
1870:
1861:
1855:
1849:
1843:
1837:
1831:
1825:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1817:
1802:"Bond's Creator"
1794:
1788:
1782:
1776:
1775:
1773:
1771:
1751:
1745:
1739:
1733:
1727:
1718:
1712:
1706:
1700:
1694:
1688:
1682:
1676:
1670:
1664:
1658:
1652:
1646:
1640:
1631:
1625:
1619:
1613:
1607:
1601:
1595:
1589:
1583:
1577:
1568:
1562:
1556:
1550:
1544:
1538:
1527:
1526:
1524:
1522:
1507:
1498:
1492:
1483:
1477:
1471:
1465:
1459:
1453:
1447:
1441:
1435:
1429:
1420:
1414:
1408:
1402:
1396:
1390:
1384:
1378:
1367:
1361:
1355:
1349:
1333:
1326:
1320:
1317:
1311:
1308:
1302:
1295:
1289:
1278:
1123:to the producer
1114:William Lundigan
1033:The Long Goodbye
1028:Raymond Chandler
1005:The Sunday Times
945:You Asked for It
904:
861:good versus evil
739:
726:Aleister Crowley
708:
702:William Cook in
683:Bulldog Drummond
658:champagne goblet
642:Hoagy Carmichael
617:Hoagy Carmichael
539:Henry Chancellor
483:The Sunday Times
465:Carson McCullers
442:
433:, to become his
184:Goldeneye estate
110:Live and Let Die
105:Followed by
80:Publication date
31:
24:
20:
5140:
5139:
5135:
5134:
5133:
5131:
5130:
5129:
5055:
5054:
5053:
5048:
5034:No. 30 Commando
4976:
4917:
4892:
4865:
4846:
4819:
4710:
4705:
4675:
4670:
4649:
4594:
4588:
4573:
4567:
4544:
4534:
4501:
4487:
4458:
4393:
4372:
4348:
4338:
4298:
4269:
4248:
4227:
4206:
4145:
4035:Licence Renewed
4020:
3999:
3871:
3863:
3854:
3843:
3794:Ian Fleming.com
3790:
3785:
3767:
3765:
3758:
3737:
3718:
3692:
3657:
3629:
3607:
3585:
3556:
3549:
3541:
3539:
3506:
3498:
3496:
3466:
3444:
3442:
3435:
3411:
3403:
3401:
3371:
3369:
3362:
3321:
3302:
3283:
3259:
3237:
3216:
3194:
3192:
3185:
3164:
3141:
3112:
3110:
3103:
3082:
3063:
3041:
3015:
2981:
2976:
2966:
2964:
2949:
2945:
2922:
2918:
2908:
2906:
2893:
2892:
2888:
2878:
2876:
2859:
2855:
2847:
2843:
2833:
2831:
2818:
2817:
2813:
2805:
2801:
2793:
2789:
2781:
2777:
2769:
2765:
2755:
2753:
2732:
2728:
2718:
2716:
2703:
2702:
2698:
2690:
2686:
2678:
2674:
2666:
2659:
2649:
2647:
2638:
2637:
2630:
2622:
2618:
2613:. p. BR27.
2604:
2597:
2580:
2579:
2572:
2562:
2561:
2554:
2548:Chancellor 2005
2546:
2542:
2531:
2520:
2509:
2500:
2486:
2479:
2471:
2467:
2459:
2455:
2447:
2443:
2435:
2428:
2420:
2416:
2408:
2404:
2396:
2392:
2382:
2380:
2367:
2366:
2359:
2351:
2344:
2336:
2332:
2324:
2320:
2312:
2308:
2300:
2296:
2288:
2284:
2278:Chancellor 2005
2276:
2272:
2264:
2260:
2252:
2248:
2240:
2236:
2226:
2224:
2219:. p. 101.
2206:
2202:
2194:
2190:
2182:
2178:
2170:
2166:
2158:
2154:
2146:
2142:
2129:(70): 106–112.
2118:
2114:
2106:
2102:
2094:
2090:
2082:
2078:
2070:
2066:
2058:
2054:
2046:
2042:
2034:
2030:
2022:
2018:
2010:
2006:
1998:
1994:
1986:
1982:
1976:Chancellor 2005
1974:
1970:
1962:
1958:
1950:
1946:
1940:Chancellor 2005
1938:
1934:
1926:
1922:
1914:
1901:
1890:
1879:
1871:
1864:
1856:
1852:
1844:
1840:
1832:
1828:
1822:
1815:
1813:
1795:
1791:
1783:
1779:
1769:
1767:
1752:
1748:
1740:
1736:
1728:
1721:
1713:
1709:
1701:
1697:
1689:
1685:
1677:
1673:
1665:
1661:
1653:
1649:
1641:
1634:
1628:Chancellor 2005
1626:
1622:
1614:
1610:
1602:
1598:
1590:
1586:
1580:Chancellor 2005
1578:
1571:
1563:
1559:
1551:
1547:
1539:
1530:
1520:
1518:
1509:
1508:
1501:
1493:
1486:
1478:
1474:
1468:Chancellor 2005
1466:
1462:
1454:
1450:
1442:
1438:
1430:
1423:
1415:
1411:
1403:
1399:
1391:
1387:
1379:
1370:
1362:
1358:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1337:
1336:
1327:
1323:
1318:
1314:
1309:
1305:
1296:
1292:
1279:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1247:as Le Chiffre;
1098:as part of its
1072:
1063:Anthony Boucher
1020:The critic for
964:, thought that
953:
906:
899:
891:
886:
774:
755:Anthony Burgess
737:
734:
710:
701:
610:
602:No. 30 Commando
589:Franz von Papen
566:
561:
514:Miss Moneypenny
476:Upon Fleming's
374:
355:for the Soviet
308:Deuxième Bureau
306:and the French
292:Royale-les-Eaux
269:
263:as James Bond.
254:Eon Productions
176:Deuxième Bureau
152:Royale-les-Eaux
81:
34:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5138:
5128:
5127:
5122:
5117:
5112:
5107:
5102:
5097:
5092:
5087:
5082:
5077:
5072:
5067:
5050:
5049:
5047:
5046:
5041:
5036:
5031:
5026:
5021:
5015:
5009:
5003:
4997:
4991:
4984:
4982:
4978:
4977:
4975:
4974:
4966:
4958:
4950:
4942:
4934:
4925:
4923:
4919:
4918:
4916:
4915:
4907:
4900:
4898:
4894:
4893:
4891:
4890:
4882:
4873:
4871:
4867:
4866:
4864:
4863:
4854:
4852:
4848:
4847:
4845:
4844:
4836:
4827:
4825:
4821:
4820:
4818:
4817:
4809:
4801:
4793:
4785:
4777:
4769:
4761:
4753:
4745:
4737:
4729:
4720:
4718:
4712:
4711:
4704:
4703:
4696:
4689:
4681:
4672:
4671:
4669:
4668:
4663:
4657:
4655:
4651:
4650:
4648:
4647:
4639:
4631:
4623:
4615:
4607:
4598:
4596:
4590:
4589:
4587:
4586:
4582:Per Fine Ounce
4577:
4575:
4569:
4568:
4566:
4565:
4557:
4548:
4546:
4540:
4539:
4536:
4535:
4533:
4532:
4524:
4520:Secret Servant
4516:
4512:Guardian Angel
4507:
4505:
4493:
4492:
4489:
4488:
4486:
4485:
4477:
4468:
4466:
4460:
4459:
4457:
4456:
4448:
4444:Hurricane Gold
4440:
4432:
4424:
4415:
4413:
4411:Charlie Higson
4404:
4395:
4394:
4392:
4391:
4382:
4380:
4374:
4373:
4371:
4370:
4361:
4359:
4350:
4344:
4343:
4340:
4339:
4337:
4336:
4328:
4319:
4317:
4308:
4304:
4303:
4300:
4299:
4297:
4296:
4288:
4284:Trigger Mortis
4279:
4277:
4271:
4270:
4268:
4267:
4258:
4256:
4250:
4249:
4247:
4246:
4237:
4235:
4233:Jeffery Deaver
4229:
4228:
4226:
4225:
4221:Devil May Care
4216:
4214:
4208:
4207:
4205:
4204:
4196:
4188:
4180:
4172:
4164:
4160:Zero Minus Ten
4155:
4153:
4151:Raymond Benson
4147:
4146:
4144:
4143:
4135:
4127:
4119:
4111:
4103:
4095:
4087:
4079:
4071:
4063:
4059:Role of Honour
4055:
4047:
4039:
4030:
4028:
4022:
4021:
4019:
4018:
4009:
4007:
4001:
4000:
3998:
3997:
3989:
3981:
3973:
3965:
3957:
3949:
3941:
3933:
3925:
3917:
3909:
3901:
3893:
3884:
3882:
3873:
3865:
3864:
3859:
3856:
3855:
3842:
3841:
3834:
3827:
3819:
3813:
3812:
3800:
3789:
3788:External links
3786:
3784:
3783:
3774:
3756:
3741:
3735:
3722:
3716:
3696:
3690:
3677:
3661:
3655:
3642:
3633:
3627:
3611:
3605:
3593:Macintyre, Ben
3589:
3583:
3563:
3517:Lycett, Andrew
3513:
3474:Lycett, Andrew
3470:
3464:
3451:
3433:
3418:
3378:
3360:
3345:
3325:
3319:
3306:
3300:
3287:
3281:
3272:Devil May Care
3263:
3257:
3241:
3235:
3220:
3214:
3201:
3183:
3168:
3162:
3145:
3139:
3119:
3101:
3086:
3080:
3067:
3061:
3045:
3039:
3019:
3013:
3000:
2982:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2974:
2943:
2932:(3): 455–472.
2916:
2886:
2853:
2851:, p. 102.
2841:
2811:
2799:
2797:, p. 213.
2787:
2775:
2773:, p. 316.
2763:
2734:Sutton, Mike.
2726:
2696:
2684:
2682:, p. 101.
2672:
2657:
2628:
2616:
2595:
2570:
2552:
2540:
2537:. p. 695.
2518:
2515:. p. 249.
2498:
2477:
2465:
2463:, p. 203.
2453:
2441:
2426:
2414:
2412:, p. 140.
2402:
2390:
2375:. 8 May 2008.
2357:
2355:, p. 244.
2342:
2330:
2318:
2306:
2294:
2282:
2270:
2268:, p. 135.
2258:
2246:
2244:, p. 126.
2234:
2200:
2188:
2176:
2172:Macintyre 2008
2164:
2162:, p. 248.
2152:
2140:
2112:
2100:
2088:
2076:
2064:
2062:, p. 318.
2052:
2040:
2028:
2016:
2004:
2002:, p. 112.
1992:
1990:, p. 241.
1980:
1978:, p. 120.
1968:
1964:Macintyre 2008
1956:
1952:Macintyre 2008
1944:
1942:, p. 192.
1932:
1930:, p. 223.
1920:
1899:
1877:
1873:Macintyre 2008
1862:
1850:
1848:, p. 257.
1838:
1826:
1808:. p. 32.
1806:The New Yorker
1789:
1777:
1746:
1742:Macintyre 2008
1734:
1730:Macintyre 2008
1719:
1707:
1705:, p. 136.
1695:
1683:
1671:
1667:Macintyre 2008
1659:
1657:, p. 127.
1647:
1645:, p. 221.
1632:
1620:
1608:
1606:, p. 226.
1596:
1584:
1569:
1557:
1553:Macintyre 2008
1545:
1543:, p. 320.
1528:
1499:
1484:
1472:
1460:
1448:
1446:, p. 165.
1436:
1434:, p. 161.
1421:
1409:
1397:
1385:
1368:
1356:
1354:, p. 213.
1343:
1341:
1338:
1335:
1334:
1321:
1312:
1303:
1290:
1272:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1245:Mads Mikkelsen
1149:Ursula Andress
1133:a film version
1125:Gregory Ratoff
1071:
1068:
952:
949:
892:
890:
887:
885:
882:
865:existentialist
845:Cambridge Five
823:Donald Maclean
773:
770:
764:and essayist,
751:Raymond Benson
733:
730:
717:, astrologer,
691:Richard Hannay
678:
609:
606:
574:Estoril Casino
565:
562:
560:
557:
519:William Plomer
478:demobilisation
373:
370:
276:Secret Service
268:
265:
207:Donald Maclean
188:William Plomer
174:of the French
115:
114:
106:
102:
101:
98:
94:
93:
92:United Kingdom
90:
86:
85:
82:
79:
76:
75:
70:
66:
65:
60:
56:
55:
50:
46:
45:
40:
36:
35:
32:
22:Casino Royale
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5137:
5126:
5123:
5121:
5118:
5116:
5113:
5111:
5108:
5106:
5103:
5101:
5098:
5096:
5093:
5091:
5088:
5086:
5083:
5081:
5080:Action novels
5078:
5076:
5073:
5071:
5068:
5066:
5063:
5062:
5060:
5045:
5042:
5040:
5037:
5035:
5032:
5030:
5027:
5025:
5022:
5019:
5016:
5013:
5010:
5007:
5006:Peter Fleming
5004:
5001:
4998:
4995:
4992:
4989:
4986:
4985:
4983:
4979:
4972:
4971:
4967:
4964:
4963:
4962:Age of Heroes
4959:
4956:
4955:
4951:
4948:
4947:
4943:
4940:
4939:
4935:
4932:
4931:
4927:
4926:
4924:
4920:
4913:
4912:
4908:
4905:
4902:
4901:
4899:
4895:
4888:
4887:
4883:
4880:
4879:
4875:
4874:
4872:
4868:
4861:
4860:
4856:
4855:
4853:
4849:
4842:
4841:
4837:
4834:
4833:
4829:
4828:
4826:
4822:
4815:
4814:
4810:
4807:
4806:
4802:
4799:
4798:
4794:
4791:
4790:
4786:
4783:
4782:
4778:
4775:
4774:
4770:
4767:
4766:
4762:
4759:
4758:
4754:
4751:
4750:
4746:
4743:
4742:
4738:
4735:
4734:
4730:
4727:
4726:
4725:Casino Royale
4722:
4721:
4719:
4717:
4713:
4709:
4702:
4697:
4695:
4690:
4688:
4683:
4682:
4679:
4667:
4664:
4662:
4659:
4658:
4656:
4652:
4645:
4644:
4640:
4637:
4636:
4632:
4629:
4628:
4624:
4621:
4620:
4616:
4613:
4612:
4608:
4605:
4604:
4600:
4599:
4597:
4591:
4584:
4583:
4579:
4578:
4576:
4570:
4563:
4562:
4558:
4555:
4554:
4550:
4549:
4547:
4541:
4530:
4529:
4525:
4522:
4521:
4517:
4514:
4513:
4509:
4508:
4506:
4504:
4500:
4499:
4494:
4483:
4482:
4481:Heads You Die
4478:
4475:
4474:
4473:Shoot to Kill
4470:
4469:
4467:
4465:
4461:
4454:
4453:
4449:
4446:
4445:
4441:
4438:
4437:
4436:Double or Die
4433:
4430:
4429:
4425:
4422:
4421:
4417:
4416:
4414:
4412:
4408:
4405:
4403:
4401:
4396:
4389:
4388:
4384:
4383:
4381:
4379:
4375:
4368:
4367:
4363:
4362:
4360:
4358:
4357:R. D. Mascott
4354:
4351:
4345:
4334:
4333:
4329:
4326:
4325:
4321:
4320:
4318:
4316:
4312:
4309:
4307:Novelizations
4305:
4294:
4293:
4289:
4286:
4285:
4281:
4280:
4278:
4276:
4272:
4265:
4264:
4260:
4259:
4257:
4255:
4251:
4244:
4243:
4242:Carte Blanche
4239:
4238:
4236:
4234:
4230:
4223:
4222:
4218:
4217:
4215:
4213:
4209:
4202:
4201:
4197:
4194:
4193:
4189:
4186:
4185:
4181:
4178:
4177:
4173:
4170:
4169:
4165:
4162:
4161:
4157:
4156:
4154:
4152:
4148:
4141:
4140:
4136:
4133:
4132:
4128:
4125:
4124:
4120:
4117:
4116:
4112:
4109:
4108:
4104:
4101:
4100:
4096:
4093:
4092:
4088:
4085:
4084:
4080:
4077:
4076:
4072:
4069:
4068:
4064:
4061:
4060:
4056:
4053:
4052:
4048:
4045:
4044:
4040:
4037:
4036:
4032:
4031:
4029:
4027:
4023:
4016:
4015:
4011:
4010:
4008:
4006:
4005:Kingsley Amis
4002:
3995:
3994:
3990:
3987:
3986:
3982:
3979:
3978:
3974:
3971:
3970:
3966:
3963:
3962:
3958:
3955:
3954:
3950:
3947:
3946:
3942:
3939:
3938:
3934:
3931:
3930:
3926:
3923:
3922:
3918:
3915:
3914:
3910:
3907:
3906:
3902:
3899:
3898:
3894:
3891:
3890:
3889:Casino Royale
3886:
3885:
3883:
3881:
3877:
3874:
3870:
3866:
3862:
3857:
3853:
3849:
3848:
3840:
3835:
3833:
3828:
3826:
3821:
3820:
3817:
3810:
3806:
3805:
3804:Casino Royale
3801:
3799:
3795:
3792:
3791:
3780:
3775:
3763:
3759:
3753:
3749:
3748:
3742:
3738:
3732:
3728:
3723:
3719:
3713:
3708:
3707:
3701:
3697:
3693:
3687:
3683:
3678:
3674:
3670:
3666:
3665:Pearson, John
3662:
3658:
3652:
3648:
3643:
3639:
3634:
3630:
3624:
3620:
3616:
3615:MacLean, Rory
3612:
3608:
3602:
3598:
3594:
3590:
3586:
3580:
3576:
3572:
3568:
3564:
3560:
3553:
3538:
3534:
3530:
3529:
3523:
3518:
3514:
3510:
3495:
3491:
3487:
3486:
3480:
3475:
3471:
3467:
3461:
3457:
3452:
3440:
3436:
3430:
3426:
3425:
3419:
3415:
3400:
3396:
3392:
3391:
3385:
3379:
3367:
3363:
3357:
3353:
3352:
3346:
3342:
3338:
3334:
3330:
3329:Gant, Richard
3326:
3322:
3316:
3312:
3307:
3303:
3297:
3293:
3292:Casino Royale
3288:
3284:
3278:
3274:
3273:
3268:
3264:
3260:
3254:
3250:
3246:
3242:
3238:
3232:
3228:
3227:
3221:
3217:
3211:
3207:
3202:
3190:
3186:
3180:
3176:
3175:
3169:
3165:
3159:
3154:
3153:
3146:
3142:
3136:
3131:
3130:
3124:
3120:
3108:
3104:
3098:
3094:
3093:
3087:
3083:
3077:
3073:
3068:
3064:
3058:
3054:
3050:
3049:Bennett, Tony
3046:
3042:
3036:
3031:
3030:
3024:
3023:Bennett, Tony
3020:
3016:
3010:
3006:
3001:
2997:
2993:
2989:
2984:
2983:
2962:
2958:
2954:
2947:
2939:
2935:
2931:
2927:
2920:
2904:
2900:
2896:
2890:
2874:
2870:
2869:
2864:
2857:
2850:
2845:
2829:
2825:
2821:
2815:
2809:, p. 21.
2808:
2803:
2796:
2791:
2784:
2779:
2772:
2767:
2751:
2747:
2743:
2742:
2737:
2730:
2714:
2710:
2706:
2700:
2694:, p. 56.
2693:
2688:
2681:
2676:
2670:, p. 11.
2669:
2664:
2662:
2645:
2641:
2635:
2633:
2626:, p. 14.
2625:
2620:
2612:
2608:
2602:
2600:
2591:
2587:
2583:
2577:
2575:
2566:
2559:
2557:
2550:, p. 25.
2549:
2544:
2536:
2529:
2527:
2525:
2523:
2514:
2507:
2505:
2503:
2494:
2490:
2489:Fausset, Hugh
2484:
2482:
2474:
2469:
2462:
2457:
2450:
2445:
2438:
2433:
2431:
2424:, p. 16.
2423:
2418:
2411:
2406:
2400:, p. 14.
2399:
2394:
2378:
2374:
2370:
2364:
2362:
2354:
2349:
2347:
2339:
2334:
2328:, p. 35.
2327:
2322:
2316:, p. 12.
2315:
2310:
2303:
2298:
2292:, p. 86.
2291:
2286:
2280:, p. 55.
2279:
2274:
2267:
2262:
2255:
2250:
2243:
2238:
2222:
2218:
2214:
2210:
2204:
2198:, p. 90.
2197:
2192:
2185:
2180:
2174:, p. 99.
2173:
2168:
2161:
2156:
2150:, p. 28.
2149:
2144:
2136:
2132:
2128:
2127:
2122:
2121:Black, Jeremy
2116:
2109:
2104:
2098:, p. 53.
2097:
2092:
2086:, p. 48.
2085:
2080:
2074:, p. 47.
2073:
2068:
2061:
2056:
2050:, p. 74.
2049:
2044:
2038:, p. 85.
2037:
2032:
2025:
2020:
2014:, p. 92.
2013:
2008:
2001:
1996:
1989:
1984:
1977:
1972:
1966:, p. 88.
1965:
1960:
1954:, p. 74.
1953:
1948:
1941:
1936:
1929:
1924:
1917:
1912:
1910:
1908:
1906:
1904:
1896:. p. 40.
1895:
1894:New Statesman
1888:
1886:
1884:
1882:
1875:, p. 50.
1874:
1869:
1867:
1859:
1854:
1847:
1842:
1836:, p. 41.
1835:
1830:
1811:
1807:
1803:
1799:
1793:
1787:, p. 46.
1786:
1785:Griswold 2006
1781:
1765:
1761:
1757:
1750:
1744:, p. 46.
1743:
1738:
1732:, p. 67.
1731:
1726:
1724:
1716:
1711:
1704:
1699:
1692:
1687:
1680:
1675:
1669:, p. 54.
1668:
1663:
1656:
1651:
1644:
1639:
1637:
1629:
1624:
1617:
1616:Griswold 2006
1612:
1605:
1600:
1593:
1588:
1581:
1576:
1574:
1567:, p. 57.
1566:
1561:
1555:, p. 19.
1554:
1549:
1542:
1537:
1535:
1533:
1516:
1512:
1511:"Ian Fleming"
1506:
1504:
1496:
1491:
1489:
1481:
1476:
1469:
1464:
1457:
1452:
1445:
1440:
1433:
1428:
1426:
1419:, p. 51.
1418:
1413:
1407:, p. 96.
1406:
1401:
1395:, p. 45.
1394:
1389:
1382:
1377:
1375:
1373:
1366:, p. 99.
1365:
1360:
1353:
1348:
1344:
1331:
1330:Casino Royale
1325:
1316:
1307:
1300:
1294:
1287:
1283:
1277:
1273:
1260:
1258:
1254:
1253:Casino Royale
1250:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1233:
1232:Casino Royale
1228:
1227:
1222:
1221:Casino Royale
1218:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1201:
1199:
1198:Dennis Calero
1195:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1177:
1172:
1168:
1167:Casino Royale
1164:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1145:Peter Sellers
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1121:Casino Royale
1117:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1102:
1097:
1093:
1092:Casino Royale
1089:
1081:
1080:Casino Royale
1076:
1067:
1064:
1060:
1059:
1053:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1042:Casino Royale
1040:; he praised
1039:
1038:Casino Royale
1035:
1034:
1029:
1025:
1024:
1018:
1016:
1015:
1010:
1006:
1002:
1001:
997:, writing in
996:
995:John Betjeman
992:
989:
985:
984:
978:
977:Casino Royale
974:
973:
967:
966:Casino Royale
963:
962:
958:, writing in
957:
948:
946:
942:
938:
934:
929:
928:Casino Royale
925:
920:
918:
914:
913:Casino Royale
910:
909:Casino Royale
905:
903:
902:Casino Royale
896:
881:
878:
874:
873:Casino Royale
869:
866:
862:
857:
855:
850:
849:Casino Royale
846:
840:
837:
833:
832:
826:
824:
820:
816:
812:
811:Casino Royale
808:
806:
805:Ben Macintyre
802:
798:
794:
793:Oxford Street
789:
786:
782:
778:
777:Casino Royale
769:
767:
763:
758:
756:
752:
747:
746:Kingsley Amis
743:
729:
727:
724:
720:
716:
709:
707:
706:
705:New Statesman
698:
696:
692:
688:
684:
677:
673:
671:
667:
663:
659:
655:
651:
647:
646:Andrew Lycett
643:
638:
636:
635:
630:
626:
625:Casino Royale
618:
614:
605:
603:
599:
594:
590:
585:
583:
582:chemin de fer
579:
576:. Because of
575:
570:
569:Casino Royale
556:
554:
553:
548:
547:Casino Royale
544:
540:
536:
531:
529:
525:
524:Jonathan Cape
520:
515:
511:
510:
504:
501:
496:
495:Casino Royale
491:
489:
485:
484:
479:
474:
472:
471:
467:' 1941 novel
466:
462:
458:
454:
448:
446:
441:
436:
432:
428:
425:
421:
417:
413:
409:
405:
404:Western Front
401:
397:
391:
387:
383:
380:Rear Admiral
378:
369:
366:
362:
358:
354:
348:
346:
342:
338:
334:
329:
324:
322:
318:
314:
309:
305:
301:
297:
293:
289:
285:
281:
277:
273:
264:
262:
258:
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
234:
229:
225:
221:
220:
215:
214:Casino Royale
210:
208:
204:
200:
196:
195:Casino Royale
191:
189:
185:
181:
177:
173:
169:
165:
161:
157:
153:
149:
144:
142:
138:
136:
131:
127:
123:
122:
121:Casino Royale
113:
111:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
87:
83:
77:
74:
73:Jonathan Cape
71:
67:
64:
61:
57:
54:
51:
47:
44:
41:
37:
30:
25:
19:
4968:
4960:
4952:
4944:
4936:
4928:
4909:
4884:
4876:
4857:
4851:Other novels
4838:
4830:
4811:
4803:
4795:
4787:
4779:
4771:
4763:
4755:
4747:
4739:
4731:
4724:
4723:
4641:
4633:
4625:
4617:
4609:
4601:
4580:
4559:
4551:
4526:
4518:
4510:
4496:
4479:
4471:
4450:
4442:
4434:
4426:
4418:
4399:
4385:
4378:John Pearson
4364:
4330:
4322:
4290:
4282:
4261:
4254:William Boyd
4240:
4219:
4198:
4190:
4182:
4174:
4166:
4158:
4137:
4129:
4121:
4113:
4105:
4097:
4089:
4081:
4073:
4065:
4057:
4049:
4041:
4033:
4026:John Gardner
4012:
3991:
3983:
3975:
3967:
3959:
3951:
3943:
3935:
3927:
3919:
3911:
3903:
3895:
3888:
3887:
3868:
3845:
3803:
3778:
3766:. Retrieved
3746:
3726:
3705:
3681:
3668:
3646:
3637:
3619:Gift of Time
3618:
3596:
3574:
3540:. Retrieved
3526:
3497:. Retrieved
3483:
3455:
3443:. Retrieved
3423:
3402:. Retrieved
3388:
3370:. Retrieved
3350:
3332:
3310:
3291:
3271:
3248:
3245:Eco, Umberto
3225:
3205:
3193:. Retrieved
3173:
3151:
3128:
3111:. Retrieved
3091:
3071:
3052:
3028:
3004:
2987:
2965:. Retrieved
2957:The Guardian
2956:
2946:
2929:
2925:
2919:
2907:. Retrieved
2898:
2889:
2877:. Retrieved
2866:
2856:
2844:
2832:. Retrieved
2823:
2814:
2807:Simpson 2002
2802:
2790:
2785:, p. 6.
2778:
2766:
2754:. Retrieved
2741:Screenonline
2739:
2736:"James Bond"
2729:
2717:. Retrieved
2699:
2687:
2675:
2648:. Retrieved
2644:the original
2619:
2610:
2590:the original
2585:
2564:
2543:
2535:The Listener
2534:
2512:
2495:. p. 4.
2492:
2475:, p. 9.
2468:
2456:
2451:, p. 8.
2444:
2439:, p. 7.
2422:Lindner 2009
2417:
2405:
2398:Lindner 2009
2393:
2381:. Retrieved
2373:The Guardian
2372:
2340:, p. 9.
2333:
2321:
2309:
2297:
2285:
2273:
2261:
2249:
2237:
2225:. Retrieved
2216:
2213:"Bottoms Up"
2203:
2191:
2186:, p. 6.
2179:
2167:
2155:
2143:
2124:
2115:
2110:, p. 3.
2103:
2091:
2079:
2067:
2055:
2048:Burgess 1984
2043:
2031:
2019:
2007:
1995:
1983:
1971:
1959:
1947:
1935:
1923:
1918:, p. 7.
1893:
1858:Fleming 2006
1853:
1841:
1834:Fleming 2006
1829:
1814:. Retrieved
1805:
1792:
1780:
1770:19 September
1768:. Retrieved
1759:
1749:
1737:
1710:
1698:
1693:, p. 4.
1686:
1681:, p. 6.
1674:
1662:
1650:
1623:
1611:
1599:
1594:, p. 4.
1587:
1582:, p. 5.
1565:MacLean 2012
1560:
1548:
1519:. Retrieved
1497:, p. 4.
1475:
1470:, p. 4.
1463:
1456:Lycett 2004b
1451:
1439:
1432:Pearson 1967
1412:
1400:
1388:
1381:Lycett 2004a
1359:
1352:Fleming 2006
1347:
1329:
1324:
1315:
1306:
1293:
1286:Jeremy Black
1276:
1252:
1237:Daniel Craig
1230:
1224:
1220:
1202:
1188:
1185:John McLusky
1181:Anthony Hern
1174:
1166:
1165:
1153:Orson Welles
1120:
1118:
1106:Barry Nelson
1099:
1091:
1085:
1079:
1056:
1055:Writing for
1054:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1031:
1021:
1019:
1014:The Observer
1012:
1004:
998:
993:
983:The Listener
981:
976:
970:
965:
959:
954:
944:
940:
936:
927:
921:
912:
908:
907:
901:
898:
894:
876:
872:
870:
858:
848:
841:
829:
827:
815:Jeremy Black
810:
809:
800:
797:High Holborn
790:
785:Tony Bennett
776:
775:
759:
735:
711:
703:
700:
680:
674:
654:"The Vesper"
639:
632:
624:
622:
586:
568:
567:
550:
546:
535:novel series
532:
507:
505:
499:
494:
492:
481:
475:
468:
449:
427:John Godfrey
424:Rear Admiral
394:
353:double agent
349:
344:
340:
325:
317:Marshall Aid
313:Felix Leiter
300:Soviet Union
290:game at the
270:
261:Daniel Craig
238:Barry Nelson
231:
224:1954 episode
217:
213:
211:
199:Soviet Union
194:
192:
164:Felix Leiter
145:
134:
120:
119:
118:
108:
18:
4988:Ann Fleming
4965:(2011 film)
4941:(1990 film)
4933:(1989 film)
4897:Other works
4870:Non-fiction
4781:Thunderball
4708:Ian Fleming
4572:Unpublished
4528:Final Fling
4428:Blood Fever
4014:Colonel Sun
3953:Thunderball
3880:Ian Fleming
3456:Ian Fleming
2771:Lycett 1996
2668:Benson 1988
2473:Benson 1988
2449:Benson 1988
2437:Benson 1988
2410:Parker 2014
2383:11 December
2353:Lycett 1996
2302:Parker 2014
2290:Benson 1988
2266:Parker 2014
2160:Butler 1973
2036:Benson 1988
1988:Butler 1973
1928:Lycett 1996
1846:Lycett 1996
1816:9 September
1715:Lycett 1996
1703:Rankin 2011
1691:Benson 1988
1655:Lycett 1996
1643:Lycett 1996
1604:Lycett 1996
1444:Lycett 1996
1405:Lycett 1996
1364:Lycett 1996
1157:Woody Allen
1141:David Niven
1110:Peter Lorre
1070:Adaptations
988:Simon Raven
975:wrote that
819:Guy Burgess
766:Umberto Eco
762:semiotician
695:John Buchan
693:stories of
670:Kina Lillet
600:, known as
559:Development
396:Ian Fleming
296:Vesper Lynd
257:film series
246:David Niven
203:Guy Burgess
172:René Mathis
160:Vesper Lynd
141:collections
130:Ian Fleming
126:first novel
63:Spy fiction
43:Ian Fleming
5059:Categories
4922:Portrayals
4904:Trout memo
4773:Goldfinger
4543:Unofficial
4464:Steve Cole
4400:Young Bond
4184:DoubleShot
4099:Brokenclaw
4051:Icebreaker
3937:Goldfinger
3869:James Bond
3861:James Bond
3852:literature
3847:James Bond
3809:Faded Page
3768:25 October
3671:. London:
3554:required.)
3542:15 January
3511:required.)
3499:15 January
3445:25 October
3416:required.)
3404:15 January
3372:25 October
3195:25 October
3113:25 October
2909:19 January
2879:21 January
2849:Davis 2010
2824:Comicosity
2756:19 January
2719:21 January
2680:Black 2005
2650:20 January
2624:Black 2005
2338:Black 2005
2184:Black 2005
2108:Black 2005
1916:Black 2005
1679:Upton 1987
1521:15 January
1495:Black 2005
1340:References
1249:Judi Dench
1226:Spider-Man
1036:alongside
629:James Bond
608:Characters
552:Goldfinger
372:Background
284:Le Chiffre
280:James Bond
278:, assigns
156:Le Chiffre
148:James Bond
135:James Bond
53:James Bond
5018:Goldeneye
5008:(brother)
4930:Goldeneye
4741:Moonraker
4553:Take Over
4420:SilverFin
3905:Moonraker
3673:Pan Books
3647:Goldeneye
3561:required)
3341:487676374
3311:Octopussy
2996:154139618
2565:The Times
2254:Kerr 2004
2242:Seed 2003
2196:Amis 1966
2024:Amis 1966
2000:Amis 1966
1592:Nudd 1989
1417:Gant 1966
1393:Gant 1966
1241:Eva Green
1187:. To aid
1082:in the US
917:Pan Books
801:The Times
715:occultist
664:, one of
598:commandos
509:The Times
488:stillborn
457:Goldeneye
412:Sandhurst
365:blackmail
259:starring
250:2006 film
69:Publisher
5110:Baccarat
5014:(sister)
5002:(father)
4996:(mother)
4347:Spin-off
4083:Scorpius
3811:(Canada)
3762:Archived
3702:(2011).
3667:(1967).
3617:(2012).
3595:(2008).
3573:(1979).
3519:(2004).
3476:(2004).
3439:Archived
3366:Archived
3331:(1966).
3189:Archived
3125:(1984).
3107:Archived
2961:Archived
2903:Archived
2873:Archived
2834:12 April
2828:Archived
2750:Archived
2713:Archived
2377:Archived
2326:Eco 2009
2221:Archived
2135:42897447
2096:Eco 2009
2084:Eco 2009
2072:Eco 2009
1810:Archived
1764:Archived
1515:Archived
1086:In 1954
854:le Carré
781:Cold War
662:Gordon's
333:Cyrillic
328:tortures
288:baccarat
4981:Related
4654:Related
4593:Related
4131:SeaFire
2979:Sources
2967:11 June
2899:IGN.com
2868:Variety
2227:6 March
1101:Climax!
1094:into a
1050:Marlowe
742:realism
650:Bentley
302:). The
252:in the
233:Climax!
226:of the
166:of the
124:is the
5020:(home)
4990:(wife)
4889:(1963)
4881:(1957)
4862:(1964)
4843:(1966)
4835:(1960)
4816:(1965)
4808:(1964)
4800:(1963)
4792:(1962)
4784:(1961)
4776:(1959)
4768:(1958)
4765:Dr. No
4760:(1957)
4752:(1956)
4744:(1955)
4736:(1954)
4728:(1953)
4646:(2009)
4638:(2007)
4630:(1984)
4622:(1965)
4614:(1965)
4606:(1964)
4585:(1966)
4564:(1985)
4556:(1970)
4531:(2008)
4523:(2006)
4515:(2005)
4484:(2016)
4476:(2014)
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