Knowledge

Chama Cha Mapinduzi

Source 📝

988: 5672: 5744: 5617: 4645: 4717: 4921: 1000: 976: 4777: 4897: 4681: 4669: 4945: 562: 5665: 5852: 5581: 4885: 5509: 5425: 5323: 5311: 5215: 4849: 4789: 5888: 5533: 5347: 5167: 5389: 5155: 5732: 5720: 5708: 5239: 5227: 5023: 4609: 4597: 5095: 5924: 5864: 5768: 5461: 5449: 5299: 5287: 5179: 4753: 4741: 5876: 5629: 5569: 5497: 5413: 4837: 4765: 5838: 4963: 5641: 5275: 5071: 5059: 4933: 4861: 4705: 4621: 4573: 5912: 5696: 5684: 5545: 5521: 5359: 5335: 5143: 4909: 4657: 4561: 4549: 5653: 5557: 5107: 4873: 5900: 5437: 5263: 5251: 5035: 5011: 4585: 25: 5047: 5756: 5401: 5377: 4999: 4987: 4825: 4813: 4801: 4693: 4633: 5605: 5485: 5473: 5203: 5191: 5083: 4729: 1588: 1562: 1531: 1505: 1474: 1448: 1417: 1391: 1360: 4975: 150: 5119: 5593: 5131: 898:, incumbent president and CCM nominee for president John Magufuli secured reelection with over 84% of the vote, making it the party's largest victory ever since the multi-party system was introduced in 1992. However, the election was held in the midst significant democratic backsliding and repression, as Magufuli's presidency was characterized by unprecedented attacks on the opposition, civil society and press. 1991: 1952: 1908: 1869: 1825: 1786: 1742: 1703: 1667: 1999: 1960: 1916: 1877: 1833: 1794: 1750: 1711: 1660: 5939: 832:
The CCM has a leading role in society, despite having multiparty democracy in Tanzania since 1995, the CCM has kept to power ever since. Empirical analysis has shown that a sense of nostalgia for a party which brought independence, and which has maintained relative peace is a major cause of the CCM's
771:
From its formation in 1977 until 1992, it was the only legally permitted party in the country. Every five years, its national chairman was automatically elected to a five-year term as president; he was confirmed in office via a referendum. At the same time, voters were presented with two CCM
776:
or Bunge. This changed on July 1, 1992, when amendments to the Constitution and a number of laws permitting and regulating the formation and operations of more than one political party were enacted by the National Assembly.
759:
since the independence of Tanganyika in 1961. Due to the merger with the ASP, from 1977 it has also been the ruling party in Zanzibar, though there its grip on power has been more contested since the mid 1990s by the
2724: 819:
Improved and strengthened private sector serving as the engine of the national economy while the government sharpens its focus on provision of social services, infrastructure, security and governance of the
5811: 4484: 2763: 5991: 2688: 2304: 2785: 840:
at both the national level and in Zanzibar at the autonomous level under the multi-party system: 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015. It also dominates the legislature.
914:
is the current Chairperson of the Chama Cha Mapinduzi following the death of John Pombe Magufuli, the former Chairman and President of United Republic of Tanzania.
5818: 4243: 2582: 2868: 2613: 4721: 4463: 2650: 182: 4793: 4504: 5772: 824:
Similarly, the CCM's major foreign policy focus is economic diplomacy within the international system, and peaceful coexistence with neighbors.
5981: 5827: 877:
On 31 October 2010, Jakaya Kikwete was reelected president with 61% of the vote, while CCM obtained 186 out of the 239 directly elected seats.
434: 194: 4382: 4362: 2390: 5315: 4489: 5405: 871: 5645: 4236: 2770: 5986: 4367: 89: 5477: 2097: 61: 5976: 5621: 5171: 4853: 4637: 4494: 833:
support base; age had no significant determinant on loyalty to the CCM. The party has strong support from subsistence farmers.
6001: 5327: 4709: 4456: 4425: 4252: 2315: 642: 591: 5971: 5804: 5393: 5159: 5003: 4281: 4229: 848: 765: 68: 42: 5597: 4757: 4407: 4319: 5724: 5676: 5267: 5183: 5051: 4991: 4967: 4865: 4769: 4661: 4397: 2798: 2341: 717: 5537: 5525: 5489: 5453: 5339: 5303: 5255: 4625: 4577: 4377: 4298: 2714: 2383: 2144: 737: 662: 496: 482: 253: 108: 75: 5573: 4949: 4733: 4449: 676:
TANU and its successor CCM have ruled Tanzania uninterruptedly since independence. The party has been described as
5609: 5513: 5135: 4697: 2060: 1971: 1927: 1888: 1844: 1805: 1761: 1722: 1678: 1635: 1572: 1541: 1515: 1484: 1458: 1427: 1401: 1370: 1339: 895: 701: 697: 693: 689: 685: 681: 57: 5465: 5441: 5195: 5123: 4402: 4313: 2223: 46: 2095:
O'Gorman, Melanie (26 April 2012). "Why the CCM won't lose: the roots of single-party dominance in Tanzania".
5996: 5712: 4925: 4901: 4877: 4829: 4509: 863: 773: 5966: 5657: 5087: 4673: 4499: 4325: 4260: 2804: 2376: 721: 468: 363: 5291: 5279: 5231: 5147: 5039: 4805: 4613: 4357: 2598: 987: 2081: 2036: 5700: 5549: 5501: 5219: 5075: 4913: 4685: 4553: 4347: 741: 716:
as a candidate in 2020 garnered over 84% of the vote. In the 2010 election, the CCM won 186 of the 239
5868: 5856: 5585: 5561: 5063: 4937: 4745: 2244:
O'Gorman, Melanie (2012). "Why the CCM won't lose: The roots of single-party dominance in Tanzania".
669:(ASP), which were the sole operating parties in mainland Tanzania and the semi-autonomous islands of 2111: 5243: 4979: 4817: 4352: 2756: 510: 6006: 5796: 4841: 4472: 3239: 2748: 2624: 2311: 881: 82: 35: 5760: 5417: 5099: 5027: 4716: 4649: 4565: 3083: 2106: 524: 2735: 4392: 859: 844: 837: 636: 596: 680:. Since the creation of a multi-party system, CCM has won the past six general elections in 4781: 4430: 4057: 3958: 3763: 3234: 2577: 2178: 756: 586: 424: 8: 5688: 5094: 4601: 4205: 3146: 2947: 2922: 2917: 2834: 911: 371: 5424: 4920: 4287: 4121: 3978: 3859: 3854: 3704: 3376: 3332: 3322: 3278: 2888: 2709: 2704: 2548: 2487: 2261: 2124: 2068: 2024: 1274: 1167: 936: 852: 761: 745: 666: 401: 257: 204: 189: 4944: 4342: 4111: 4052: 4013: 3913: 3578: 3112: 2608: 2492: 2420: 2197: 1683: 1375: 1177: 1037: 786: 709: 2265: 2128: 5671: 4372: 4200: 4195: 4141: 4101: 4091: 3933: 3797: 3743: 3709: 3679: 3650: 3630: 3573: 3554: 3499: 3489: 3371: 3366: 3342: 3268: 3224: 3190: 3151: 3117: 3073: 3063: 3058: 2996: 2972: 2645: 2253: 2187: 2116: 975: 790: 677: 632: 376: 137: 5748: 5381: 4420: 3938: 3923: 3918: 3904: 3812: 3807: 3699: 3606: 3529: 3455: 3435: 3312: 3185: 3180: 3122: 3078: 3053: 2840: 2678: 2668: 2640: 2558: 2279: 2257: 2150: 2120: 1294: 980: 654: 314: 4221: 5743: 5664: 5207: 4896: 4180: 4151: 4126: 4086: 4062: 4023: 3787: 3782: 3748: 3596: 3586: 3534: 3524: 3509: 3445: 3382: 3347: 3337: 3327: 3317: 3288: 3093: 3088: 3020: 3014: 3006: 2986: 2981: 2879: 2873: 2829: 2824: 2533: 2523: 2518: 2497: 2466: 2430: 2425: 2415: 1849: 1766: 1640: 1489: 1432: 1344: 1244: 1224: 1214: 1123: 1057: 1047: 1027: 999: 966: 930: 867: 733: 705: 386: 224: 214: 2061:
https://www.michuzi.co.tz/2023/12/tanzanias-political-pillar-in-depth.html?m=1
561: 5960: 4387: 4146: 4136: 4116: 4047: 4028: 4018: 4008: 3953: 3928: 3884: 3879: 3841: 3802: 3738: 3733: 3728: 3655: 3645: 3563: 3460: 3450: 3416: 3406: 3396: 3283: 3263: 3200: 3195: 3161: 3156: 3068: 2991: 2927: 2635: 2543: 2538: 2528: 2456: 2435: 2216: 2201: 1932: 1546: 1264: 1254: 1234: 1104: 1067: 888: 816:
Increased and expanded local and international markets for our products, and;
800: 713: 5851: 5736: 5580: 4190: 4131: 4106: 4067: 3874: 3753: 3635: 3625: 3601: 3568: 3504: 3494: 3484: 3401: 3391: 3307: 3273: 3205: 3029: 3001: 2932: 2912: 2849: 2683: 2553: 2482: 2440: 1284: 1158: 1077: 924: 639: 294: 170: 149: 4441: 2192: 959:
Secretary for Economic Affairs and Finance: Dr. Frank George Haule Hawassi
956:
Secretary for Party Affairs and International Relations: Ambassador Rabiah
5928: 5616: 5508: 4889: 4210: 4185: 4161: 4156: 4096: 4003: 3948: 3943: 3869: 3864: 3849: 3832: 3792: 3758: 3694: 3674: 3640: 3591: 3465: 3440: 3141: 2952: 2942: 2893: 2673: 2603: 2513: 2461: 1204: 1113: 406: 228: 165: 5887: 5532: 5346: 5322: 5310: 5214: 5166: 4848: 4788: 3685: 3515: 2937: 2363: 544: 304: 284: 4884: 2368: 2173: 5731: 5719: 5707: 5388: 5238: 5226: 5154: 5022: 4644: 4608: 4596: 3411: 3244: 3229: 3034: 2057:
TANZANIA'S POLITICAL PILLAR - AN IN-DEPTH LOOK AT CHAMA CHA MAPINDUZI
2041: 414: 1003:
A mural of the party's candidates in the southern Tanzanian town of
764:(CUF) which was later superseded in dominance on the islands by the 24: 5923: 5875: 5863: 5767: 5628: 5568: 5496: 5460: 5448: 5412: 5298: 5286: 5178: 4836: 4764: 4752: 4740: 4485:
International Falcon Movement – Socialist Educational International
3998: 884:
as a full member at the SI's spring congress on 4–5 February 2013.
749: 732:
The party was created on February 5, 1977, under the leadership of
670: 646: 5826: 2778: 2358: 855:
won with 53% of the vote, while the party won 30 seats out of 50.
5911: 5892: 5695: 5683: 5640: 5544: 5520: 5358: 5351: 5334: 5274: 5142: 5070: 5058: 4986: 4962: 4932: 4908: 4860: 4704: 4680: 4668: 4656: 4620: 4572: 4560: 4548: 4275: 851:, held on 30 October 2005, incumbent president and CCM candidate 803:
approach. CCM hopes to continue to modernize in order to ensure:
658: 5899: 5652: 5604: 5556: 5484: 5436: 5262: 5250: 5111: 5106: 5034: 5010: 4974: 4872: 4776: 4728: 4584: 2740: 2719: 992: 866:, held on 14 December 2005, Foreign Minister and CCM candidate 799:
and firmly oriented to the left, today the CCM espouses a more
795: 650: 548: 391: 267: 807:
Increased productivity which would boost the country's revenue
5916: 5755: 5592: 5429: 5400: 5376: 5363: 5130: 5118: 5046: 5015: 4998: 4824: 4812: 4800: 4692: 4632: 2342:"Unfinished Business: Magufuli's Autocratic Rule in Tanzania" 1004: 129: 5904: 5472: 5202: 5190: 5082: 4589: 2172:
Cheeseman, Nic; Matfess, Hilary; Amani, Alitalali (2021).
2797:
At the time of dissolution, the party had 185 of the 239
953:
Secretary for Party Ideology and Publicity: Amoss Makalla
827: 2280:"Tanzania election: Jakaya Kikwete re-elected president" 575: 3977:
None (The island is the opposition stronghold of the
2171: 661:. It was formed in 1977, following the merger of the 5992:
Former member parties of the Socialist International
2025:
https://x.com/dailynewstz/status/1489935602028064772
944:
Deputy Secretary General Zanzibar: Mohammed Mohammed
2145:"Three issues loom over Tanzania's political scene" 49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 2143: 947:Deputy Secretary General Mainland: Anamringi Macha 712:, receiving more than 80% of the popular vote and 4251: 720:, continuing to hold an outright majority in the 5958: 4505:Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats 708:, its presidential candidate in 2005, won by a 5828:Former Liberation Movements of Southern Africa 891:of CCM won the election with 58% of the vote. 5812: 4457: 4237: 2764: 2384: 2217:"Tanzania: Background and Current Conditions" 4490:International League of Religious Socialists 2243: 2094: 941:Secretary General: [Amb. Emmanuel J. Nchimbi 870:won with 80.28% of the vote. Out of the 232 810:Increased employment and improved management 4471: 2741:Articles related to the Chama Cha Mapinduzi 971:Secretary General UVCCM - Jokate U. Mwegelo 616: 5819: 5805: 4464: 4450: 4244: 4230: 2771: 2757: 2391: 2377: 560: 2191: 2110: 2049: 1310: 858:In the national elections for Tanzania's 109:Learn how and when to remove this message 998: 986: 974: 813:Acquisition of new and modern technology 2398: 2246:Journal of Contemporary African Studies 2098:Journal of Contemporary African Studies 649:and the second longest-ruling party in 5959: 4495:International Union of Socialist Youth 2339: 2141: 828:Electoral performance and support base 5982:Political parties established in 1977 5800: 4523: 4445: 4225: 2752: 2739: 2372: 2214: 2142:Manson, Katrina (30 September 2013). 950:Secretary for Organisation: Issa Ussi 299:Seneti ya Vyuo na Vyuo Vikuu Tanzania 2340:Harris, Marielle (5 February 2021). 1305: 962:Secretary General Wazazi - Ally hapi 872:seats filled through direct election 766:Alliance for Change and Transparency 47:adding citations to reliable sources 18: 16:Dominant political party in Tanzania 5172:Luxembourg Socialist Workers' Party 2174:"Tanzania: The Roots of Repression" 2029: 917: 836:The party has won all presidential 13: 5937: 5836: 5677:Social Democratic and Labour Party 5268:Party of the Democratic Revolution 4992:Social Democratic Party of Germany 4662:Social Democratic Party of Austria 4524: 1599: 906: 14: 6018: 5538:Party of Socialists and Democrats 5256:Institutional Revolutionary Party 4626:Armenian Revolutionary Federation 4299:Zanzibar House of Representatives 2352: 1143:National Vice Chairman (Zanzibar) 1089:National Vice Chairman (Mainland) 991:CCM Headquarters in the capital, 738:Tanganyika African National Union 663:Tanganyika African National Union 5922: 5910: 5898: 5886: 5874: 5862: 5850: 5766: 5754: 5742: 5730: 5718: 5706: 5694: 5682: 5670: 5663: 5651: 5639: 5627: 5615: 5603: 5591: 5579: 5567: 5555: 5543: 5531: 5519: 5507: 5495: 5483: 5471: 5459: 5447: 5435: 5423: 5411: 5399: 5387: 5375: 5357: 5345: 5333: 5321: 5309: 5297: 5285: 5273: 5261: 5249: 5237: 5225: 5213: 5201: 5189: 5177: 5165: 5153: 5141: 5129: 5117: 5105: 5093: 5081: 5069: 5057: 5045: 5033: 5021: 5009: 4997: 4985: 4973: 4961: 4943: 4931: 4919: 4907: 4895: 4883: 4871: 4859: 4847: 4835: 4823: 4811: 4799: 4787: 4775: 4763: 4751: 4739: 4727: 4715: 4703: 4691: 4679: 4667: 4655: 4643: 4631: 4619: 4607: 4595: 4583: 4571: 4559: 4547: 2592:Ideology and Publicity Secretary 2037:"How Tanzania Got To This Point" 1997: 1990: 1989: 1958: 1951: 1950: 1914: 1907: 1906: 1875: 1868: 1867: 1831: 1824: 1823: 1792: 1785: 1784: 1748: 1741: 1740: 1709: 1702: 1701: 1666: 1665: 1658: 1586: 1560: 1529: 1503: 1472: 1446: 1415: 1389: 1358: 843:In the elections for Zanzibar's 319:Umoja wa Wanawake Tanzania - UWT 148: 23: 5987:1977 establishments in Tanzania 2333: 2314:. February 2013. Archived from 2297: 896:2020 Tanzanian general election 327:Chama Cha Wazazi Tanzania - CWT 34:needs additional citations for 5773:Movement for Democratic Change 5466:Revolutionary Febrerista Party 5442:Democratic Revolutionary Party 5316:Democratic Party of Socialists 2272: 2237: 2224:Congressional Research Service 2208: 2165: 2135: 2088: 2018: 1998: 1959: 1915: 1876: 1832: 1793: 1749: 1710: 1659: 309:Umoja wa Vijana wa CCM - UVCCM 201:Vice Chairman for the Mainland 1: 5977:Political parties in Tanzania 4902:Czech Social Democratic Party 4878:Movement for Social Democracy 4830:Social Democrat Radical Party 4510:Socialist International Women 4253:Political parties in Tanzania 2215:Dagne, Ted (31 August 2011). 2011: 901: 211:Vice Chairman for the Islands 6002:Parties of one-party systems 5574:Direction – Social Democracy 5088:Patriotic Union of Kurdistan 5004:National Democratic Congress 4500:Party of European Socialists 2258:10.1080/02589001.2012.669566 2121:10.1080/02589001.2012.669566 1298: 1288: 1278: 1268: 1258: 1248: 1238: 1228: 1218: 1208: 1181: 1171: 1135: 1127: 1117: 1081: 1071: 1061: 1051: 1041: 1031: 789:, upholder of the system of 740:(TANU), the ruling party in 736:, through the merger of the 7: 5280:Democratic Party of Moldova 5232:Mauritian Militant Movement 5148:Progressive Socialist Party 5040:Rally of the Guinean People 4710:Revolutionary Left Movement 4638:People's Electoral Movement 4171:Nominated by the President 780: 755:TANU/CCM has dominated the 748:(ASP), the ruling party in 10: 6023: 5701:Socialist Party of Uruguay 5220:Rally of Democratic Forces 5076:Social Democratic Alliance 4554:Socialist Party of Albania 4426:Lists of political parties 2305:"Decisions of the Council" 880:CCM was admitted into the 727: 5935: 5845: 5834: 5658:Republican People's Party 5586:African National Congress 5064:Hungarian Socialist Party 4854:National Liberation Party 4746:Bulgarian Socialist Party 4674:Socialist Party Different 4534: 4530: 4519: 4479: 4416: 4335: 4297: 4259: 4170: 4076: 4037: 3988: 3967: 3893: 3821: 3772: 3718: 3664: 3615: 3543: 3474: 3425: 3356: 3297: 3253: 3214: 3170: 3131: 3102: 3043: 2961: 2902: 2858: 2814: 2794: 2746: 2697: 2659: 2622: 2591: 2567: 2506: 2475: 2449: 2408: 2005:Supermajority government 1966:Supermajority government 1931: 1922:Supermajority government 1883:Supermajority government 1848: 1839:Supermajority government 1800:Supermajority government 1765: 1682: 1545: 1488: 1431: 1374: 785:Originally a champion of 582: 573: 568: 559: 554: 542: 537: 523: 509: 495: 481: 467: 453: 440: 430: 421:International affiliation 420: 400: 362: 351: 341: 331: 323: 313: 303: 293: 283: 273: 263: 249: 238:5 February 1977 234: 220: 210: 200: 188: 176: 164: 156: 147: 123: 5490:Democratic Left Alliance 2476:Vice Chairmen (Zanzibar) 2450:Vice Chairmen (mainland) 965:Secretary General UWT - 935:Vice Chairman Mainland: 929:Vice Chairman Zanzibar: 849:House of Representatives 5972:Tanzanian MPs 2015–2020 5622:Social Democratic Party 5610:Social Democratic Party 5526:Social Democratic Party 5328:Social Democratic Party 5304:Social Democratic Party 5184:Democratic Action Party 5160:Social Democratic Party 5136:Social Democratic Party 5124:Italian Socialist Party 4968:Social Democratic Party 4866:Social Democratic Party 4842:Colombian Liberal Party 4770:Social Democratic Front 4734:Democratic Labour Party 4722:Social Democratic Party 4698:Social Democratic Party 4578:Social Democratic Party 4473:Socialist International 2312:Socialist International 1133:Abdulrahman Omar Kinana 979:The party has a strong 882:Socialist International 626:Party of the Revolution 402:Political position 126:Party of the Revolution 5942: 5841: 5725:Movement for Socialism 5028:National Unity of Hope 4650:Australian Labor Party 4566:Socialist Forces Front 2623:Political Affairs and 2568:Organisation Secretary 1311:Presidential elections 1008: 996: 984: 525:Pan-African Parliament 130: 5941: 5840: 2859:Dar es Salaam Region 2660:Economic Affairs and 2193:10.1353/jod.2021.0020 1002: 990: 978: 793:agriculture known as 458:Ujamaa na Kujitegemea 58:"Chama Cha Mapinduzi" 5997:Progressive Alliance 4782:New Democratic Party 4431:Politics of Tanzania 4038:Unguja South Region 3989:Unguja North Region 2179:Journal of Democracy 757:politics of Tanzania 587:Politics of Tanzania 425:Progressive Alliance 43:improve this article 5967:Chama Cha Mapinduzi 5634:Chama Cha Mapinduzi 4926:Revolutionary Party 4806:Party for Democracy 4602:Radical Civic Union 3132:Kilimanjaro Region 2781:Chama Cha Mapinduzi 2507:Secretaries General 2401:Chama Cha Mapinduzi 2321:on 7 September 2018 2059:. 20 February 2024 1189:Secretaries General 925:Samia Suluhu Hassan 912:Samia Suluhu Hassan 887:On 30 October 2015 874:, the CCM won 206. 772:candidates for the 609:Chama Cha Mapinduzi 431:African affiliation 372:African nationalism 342:Worker's Union wing 131:Chama Cha Mapinduzi 5943: 5842: 5514:Independence Party 4540:    4077:Urban West Region 3979:Civic United Front 3836:(resigned in 2011) 2705:Arusha Declaration 2045:. 2 November 2020. 1289:2018 – April 2021 1275:Abdulrahman Kinana 1168:Amani Abeid Karume 1009: 997: 985: 983:in rural Tanzania. 937:Abdulrahman Kinana 853:Amani Abeid Karume 762:Civic United Front 746:Afro-Shirazi Party 667:Afro-Shirazi Party 205:Abdulrahman Kinana 5954: 5953: 5948: 5947: 5794: 5793: 5790: 5789: 5786: 5785: 5781: 5780: 5713:Democratic Action 4439: 4438: 4261:National Assembly 4219: 4218: 3719:Shinyanga Region 2806:National Assembly 2733: 2732: 2662:Finance Secretary 2409:National Chairmen 2076:Missing or empty 2009: 2008: 1756:Sole legal party 1717:Sole legal party 1684:Ali Hassan Mwinyi 1673:Sole legal party 1597: 1596: 1376:Ali Hassan Mwinyi 1306:Electoral history 1303: 1302: 1186: 1185: 1178:Ali Mohamed Shein 1140: 1139: 1086: 1085: 1038:Ali Hassan Mwinyi 1012:National Chairman 864:National Assembly 787:African socialism 774:National Assembly 722:National Assembly 653:, only after the 605: 604: 592:Political parties 289:UONGOZI Institute 178:Secretary-General 119: 118: 111: 93: 6014: 5940: 5927: 5926: 5915: 5914: 5903: 5902: 5891: 5890: 5879: 5878: 5867: 5866: 5855: 5854: 5839: 5821: 5814: 5807: 5798: 5797: 5771: 5770: 5759: 5758: 5747: 5746: 5735: 5734: 5723: 5722: 5711: 5710: 5699: 5698: 5687: 5686: 5675: 5674: 5668: 5667: 5656: 5655: 5644: 5643: 5632: 5631: 5620: 5619: 5608: 5607: 5596: 5595: 5584: 5583: 5572: 5571: 5562:Democratic Party 5560: 5559: 5548: 5547: 5536: 5535: 5524: 5523: 5512: 5511: 5500: 5499: 5488: 5487: 5476: 5475: 5464: 5463: 5452: 5451: 5440: 5439: 5428: 5427: 5416: 5415: 5404: 5403: 5392: 5391: 5380: 5379: 5362: 5361: 5350: 5349: 5338: 5337: 5326: 5325: 5314: 5313: 5302: 5301: 5290: 5289: 5278: 5277: 5266: 5265: 5254: 5253: 5242: 5241: 5230: 5229: 5218: 5217: 5206: 5205: 5194: 5193: 5182: 5181: 5170: 5169: 5158: 5157: 5146: 5145: 5134: 5133: 5122: 5121: 5110: 5109: 5098: 5097: 5086: 5085: 5074: 5073: 5062: 5061: 5050: 5049: 5038: 5037: 5026: 5025: 5014: 5013: 5002: 5001: 4990: 4989: 4978: 4977: 4966: 4965: 4948: 4947: 4936: 4935: 4924: 4923: 4914:Social Democrats 4912: 4911: 4900: 4899: 4888: 4887: 4876: 4875: 4864: 4863: 4852: 4851: 4840: 4839: 4828: 4827: 4816: 4815: 4804: 4803: 4792: 4791: 4780: 4779: 4768: 4767: 4756: 4755: 4744: 4743: 4732: 4731: 4720: 4719: 4708: 4707: 4696: 4695: 4684: 4683: 4672: 4671: 4660: 4659: 4648: 4647: 4636: 4635: 4624: 4623: 4612: 4611: 4600: 4599: 4588: 4587: 4576: 4575: 4564: 4563: 4552: 4551: 4537: 4536: 4532: 4531: 4521: 4520: 4466: 4459: 4452: 4443: 4442: 4246: 4239: 4232: 4223: 4222: 4174: 4080: 4041: 3992: 3971: 3910: 3909: 3897: 3846: 3838: 3837: 3825: 3776: 3722: 3691: 3690: 3668: 3619: 3583: 3560: 3559: 3547: 3521: 3520: 3478: 3429: 3388: 3387: 3360: 3357:Morogoro Region 3301: 3257: 3218: 3174: 3135: 3106: 3047: 3026: 3025: 3011: 2978: 2977: 2965: 2906: 2885: 2884: 2862: 2846: 2845: 2818: 2809: 2807: 2801: 2788: 2782: 2773: 2766: 2759: 2750: 2749: 2737: 2736: 2627: 2402: 2393: 2386: 2379: 2370: 2369: 2346: 2345: 2337: 2331: 2330: 2328: 2326: 2320: 2309: 2301: 2295: 2294: 2292: 2291: 2276: 2270: 2269: 2241: 2235: 2234: 2232: 2230: 2221: 2212: 2206: 2205: 2195: 2169: 2163: 2162: 2160: 2158: 2147: 2139: 2133: 2132: 2114: 2092: 2086: 2085: 2079: 2074: 2072: 2064: 2053: 2047: 2046: 2033: 2027: 2022: 2001: 2000: 1993: 1992: 1985: 1962: 1961: 1954: 1953: 1946: 1918: 1917: 1910: 1909: 1902: 1879: 1878: 1871: 1870: 1863: 1835: 1834: 1827: 1826: 1819: 1796: 1795: 1788: 1787: 1780: 1752: 1751: 1744: 1743: 1736: 1713: 1712: 1705: 1704: 1697: 1669: 1668: 1662: 1661: 1654: 1604: 1603: 1593: 1590: 1589: 1567: 1564: 1563: 1536: 1533: 1532: 1510: 1507: 1506: 1479: 1476: 1475: 1453: 1450: 1449: 1422: 1419: 1418: 1396: 1393: 1392: 1365: 1362: 1361: 1321:Party candidate 1315: 1314: 1193: 1192: 1147: 1146: 1093: 1092: 1016: 1015: 918:National leaders 673:, respectively. 630: 627: 624: 621: 618: 578: 564: 532: 518: 504: 490: 476: 449: 446: 377:Social democracy 355: 245: 243: 179: 152: 141: 133: 121: 120: 114: 107: 103: 100: 94: 92: 51: 27: 19: 6022: 6021: 6017: 6016: 6015: 6013: 6012: 6011: 5957: 5956: 5955: 5950: 5949: 5944: 5938: 5933: 5921: 5909: 5897: 5885: 5873: 5861: 5849: 5843: 5837: 5830: 5825: 5795: 5782: 5777: 5765: 5761:Socialist Party 5753: 5749:POLISARIO Front 5741: 5729: 5717: 5705: 5693: 5681: 5669: 5662: 5650: 5638: 5626: 5614: 5602: 5590: 5578: 5566: 5554: 5550:Socialist Party 5542: 5530: 5518: 5506: 5502:Socialist Party 5494: 5482: 5470: 5458: 5446: 5434: 5422: 5410: 5398: 5386: 5382:Nepali Congress 5374: 5368: 5356: 5344: 5332: 5320: 5308: 5296: 5284: 5272: 5260: 5248: 5236: 5224: 5212: 5200: 5188: 5176: 5164: 5152: 5140: 5128: 5116: 5104: 5092: 5080: 5068: 5056: 5044: 5032: 5020: 5008: 4996: 4984: 4980:Socialist Party 4972: 4960: 4954: 4942: 4938:Democratic Left 4930: 4918: 4906: 4894: 4882: 4870: 4858: 4846: 4834: 4822: 4818:Socialist Party 4810: 4798: 4786: 4774: 4762: 4750: 4738: 4726: 4714: 4702: 4690: 4686:Socialist Party 4678: 4666: 4654: 4642: 4630: 4618: 4614:Socialist Party 4606: 4594: 4582: 4570: 4558: 4546: 4526: 4515: 4514: 4475: 4470: 4440: 4435: 4421:Portal:Politics 4412: 4331: 4293: 4255: 4250: 4220: 4215: 4172: 4166: 4078: 4072: 4039: 4033: 3990: 3984: 3969: 3963: 3907: 3903: 3895: 3889: 3844: 3835: 3831: 3823: 3817: 3774: 3773:Singida Region 3768: 3720: 3714: 3688: 3684: 3666: 3660: 3617: 3611: 3581: 3557: 3553: 3545: 3539: 3518: 3514: 3476: 3470: 3427: 3421: 3385: 3381: 3358: 3352: 3299: 3293: 3255: 3249: 3216: 3215:Manyara Region 3210: 3172: 3166: 3133: 3127: 3104: 3098: 3045: 3039: 3023: 3019: 3009: 2975: 2971: 2963: 2957: 2904: 2898: 2882: 2878: 2860: 2854: 2843: 2839: 2816: 2810: 2805: 2800:electoral seats 2799: 2796: 2790: 2787:10th Parliament 2786: 2780: 2777: 2742: 2734: 2729: 2693: 2661: 2655: 2625: 2618: 2587: 2563: 2502: 2471: 2445: 2404: 2400: 2397: 2355: 2350: 2349: 2338: 2334: 2324: 2322: 2318: 2307: 2303: 2302: 2298: 2289: 2287: 2278: 2277: 2273: 2242: 2238: 2228: 2226: 2219: 2213: 2209: 2170: 2166: 2156: 2154: 2151:Financial Times 2140: 2136: 2112:10.1.1.410.9369 2093: 2089: 2077: 2075: 2066: 2065: 2055: 2054: 2050: 2035: 2034: 2030: 2023: 2019: 2014: 1986: 1983: 1947: 1944: 1903: 1900: 1864: 1861: 1820: 1817: 1781: 1778: 1737: 1734: 1698: 1695: 1655: 1652: 1602: 1600:Bunge elections 1591: 1587: 1565: 1561: 1534: 1530: 1508: 1504: 1477: 1473: 1451: 1447: 1420: 1416: 1394: 1390: 1363: 1359: 1313: 1308: 1299:2021 – present 1295:Daniel Chongolo 1136:2022 – present 920: 909: 907:Current leaders 904: 830: 783: 730: 665:(TANU) and the 655:True Whig Party 628: 625: 622: 619: 601: 574: 538:Election symbol 533: 530: 519: 516: 505: 502: 491: 488: 477: 474: 460: 447: 444: 413: 409: 396: 353: 241: 239: 227: 183:Emanuel Nchimbi 177: 143: 142: 135: 127: 115: 104: 98: 95: 52: 50: 40: 28: 17: 12: 11: 5: 6020: 6010: 6009: 6007:Julius Nyerere 6004: 5999: 5994: 5989: 5984: 5979: 5974: 5969: 5952: 5951: 5946: 5945: 5936: 5934: 5932: 5931: 5919: 5907: 5895: 5883: 5871: 5859: 5846: 5844: 5835: 5832: 5831: 5824: 5823: 5816: 5809: 5801: 5792: 5791: 5788: 5787: 5784: 5783: 5779: 5778: 5776: 5775: 5763: 5751: 5739: 5727: 5715: 5703: 5691: 5679: 5660: 5648: 5636: 5624: 5612: 5600: 5588: 5576: 5564: 5552: 5540: 5528: 5516: 5504: 5492: 5480: 5468: 5456: 5444: 5432: 5420: 5408: 5396: 5384: 5371: 5369: 5367: 5366: 5354: 5342: 5330: 5318: 5306: 5294: 5292:People's Party 5282: 5270: 5258: 5246: 5234: 5222: 5210: 5208:Rally for Mali 5198: 5186: 5174: 5162: 5150: 5138: 5126: 5114: 5102: 5090: 5078: 5066: 5054: 5042: 5030: 5018: 5006: 4994: 4982: 4970: 4957: 4955: 4953: 4952: 4940: 4928: 4916: 4904: 4892: 4880: 4868: 4856: 4844: 4832: 4820: 4808: 4796: 4784: 4772: 4760: 4748: 4736: 4724: 4712: 4700: 4688: 4676: 4664: 4652: 4640: 4628: 4616: 4604: 4592: 4580: 4568: 4556: 4543: 4541: 4535: 4528: 4527: 4525:Member parties 4517: 4516: 4513: 4512: 4507: 4502: 4497: 4492: 4487: 4481: 4480: 4477: 4476: 4469: 4468: 4461: 4454: 4446: 4437: 4436: 4434: 4433: 4428: 4423: 4417: 4414: 4413: 4411: 4410: 4405: 4400: 4395: 4390: 4385: 4380: 4375: 4370: 4365: 4360: 4355: 4350: 4345: 4339: 4337: 4333: 4332: 4330: 4329: 4323: 4317: 4311: 4304: 4302: 4295: 4294: 4292: 4291: 4285: 4279: 4273: 4266: 4264: 4257: 4256: 4249: 4248: 4241: 4234: 4226: 4217: 4216: 4214: 4213: 4208: 4203: 4198: 4193: 4188: 4183: 4177: 4175: 4168: 4167: 4165: 4164: 4159: 4154: 4149: 4144: 4139: 4134: 4129: 4124: 4119: 4114: 4109: 4104: 4099: 4094: 4089: 4083: 4081: 4074: 4073: 4071: 4070: 4065: 4060: 4055: 4050: 4044: 4042: 4035: 4034: 4032: 4031: 4026: 4021: 4016: 4011: 4006: 4001: 3995: 3993: 3986: 3985: 3974: 3972: 3965: 3964: 3962: 3961: 3956: 3951: 3946: 3941: 3936: 3931: 3926: 3921: 3916: 3911: 3908:(died in 2015) 3900: 3898: 3891: 3890: 3888: 3887: 3882: 3877: 3872: 3867: 3862: 3857: 3852: 3847: 3839: 3828: 3826: 3822:Tabora Region 3819: 3818: 3816: 3815: 3810: 3805: 3800: 3795: 3790: 3785: 3779: 3777: 3770: 3769: 3767: 3766: 3761: 3756: 3751: 3746: 3741: 3736: 3731: 3725: 3723: 3716: 3715: 3713: 3712: 3707: 3702: 3697: 3692: 3689:(died in 2015) 3682: 3677: 3671: 3669: 3665:Ruvuma Region 3662: 3661: 3659: 3658: 3653: 3648: 3643: 3638: 3633: 3628: 3622: 3620: 3613: 3612: 3610: 3609: 3604: 3599: 3594: 3589: 3584: 3576: 3571: 3566: 3561: 3558:(died in 2014) 3550: 3548: 3541: 3540: 3538: 3537: 3532: 3527: 3522: 3519:(died in 2015) 3512: 3507: 3502: 3497: 3492: 3487: 3481: 3479: 3475:Mwanza Region 3472: 3471: 3469: 3468: 3463: 3458: 3453: 3448: 3443: 3438: 3432: 3430: 3426:Mtwara Region 3423: 3422: 3420: 3419: 3414: 3409: 3404: 3399: 3394: 3389: 3386:(died in 2015) 3379: 3374: 3369: 3363: 3361: 3354: 3353: 3351: 3350: 3345: 3340: 3335: 3330: 3325: 3320: 3315: 3310: 3304: 3302: 3295: 3294: 3292: 3291: 3286: 3281: 3276: 3271: 3266: 3260: 3258: 3251: 3250: 3248: 3247: 3242: 3237: 3232: 3227: 3221: 3219: 3212: 3211: 3209: 3208: 3203: 3198: 3193: 3188: 3183: 3177: 3175: 3168: 3167: 3165: 3164: 3159: 3154: 3149: 3144: 3138: 3136: 3129: 3128: 3126: 3125: 3120: 3115: 3109: 3107: 3103:Kigoma Region 3100: 3099: 3097: 3096: 3091: 3086: 3081: 3076: 3071: 3066: 3061: 3056: 3050: 3048: 3044:Kagera Region 3041: 3040: 3038: 3037: 3032: 3027: 3024:(died in 2014) 3017: 3012: 3004: 2999: 2994: 2989: 2984: 2979: 2976:(died in 2015) 2968: 2966: 2962:Iringa Region 2959: 2958: 2956: 2955: 2950: 2945: 2940: 2935: 2930: 2925: 2920: 2915: 2909: 2907: 2903:Dodoma Region 2900: 2899: 2897: 2896: 2891: 2886: 2883:(died in 2015) 2876: 2871: 2865: 2863: 2856: 2855: 2853: 2852: 2847: 2844:(died in 2012) 2837: 2832: 2827: 2821: 2819: 2815:Arusha Region 2812: 2811: 2795: 2792: 2791: 2776: 2775: 2768: 2761: 2753: 2747: 2744: 2743: 2731: 2730: 2728: 2727: 2725:2020 Primaries 2722: 2717: 2712: 2707: 2701: 2699: 2695: 2694: 2692: 2691: 2686: 2681: 2676: 2671: 2665: 2663: 2657: 2656: 2654: 2653: 2648: 2643: 2638: 2632: 2630: 2620: 2619: 2617: 2616: 2611: 2606: 2601: 2599:Ngombale-Mwiru 2595: 2593: 2589: 2588: 2586: 2585: 2580: 2575: 2571: 2569: 2565: 2564: 2562: 2561: 2556: 2551: 2546: 2541: 2536: 2531: 2526: 2521: 2516: 2510: 2508: 2504: 2503: 2501: 2500: 2495: 2490: 2485: 2479: 2477: 2473: 2472: 2470: 2469: 2464: 2459: 2453: 2451: 2447: 2446: 2444: 2443: 2438: 2433: 2428: 2423: 2418: 2412: 2410: 2406: 2405: 2396: 2395: 2388: 2381: 2373: 2367: 2366: 2361: 2354: 2353:External links 2351: 2348: 2347: 2332: 2296: 2271: 2252:(2): 313–333. 2236: 2207: 2164: 2134: 2105:(2): 313–333. 2087: 2048: 2028: 2016: 2015: 2013: 2010: 2007: 2006: 2003: 1995: 1987: 1982: 1980: 1977: 1974: 1968: 1967: 1964: 1956: 1948: 1943: 1941: 1938: 1935: 1930: 1924: 1923: 1920: 1912: 1904: 1899: 1897: 1894: 1891: 1885: 1884: 1881: 1873: 1865: 1860: 1858: 1855: 1852: 1850:Jakaya Kikwete 1847: 1841: 1840: 1837: 1829: 1821: 1816: 1814: 1811: 1808: 1802: 1801: 1798: 1790: 1782: 1777: 1775: 1772: 1769: 1767:Benjamin Mkapa 1764: 1758: 1757: 1754: 1746: 1738: 1733: 1731: 1728: 1725: 1719: 1718: 1715: 1707: 1699: 1694: 1692: 1689: 1686: 1681: 1675: 1674: 1671: 1663: 1656: 1651: 1649: 1646: 1643: 1641:Julius Nyerere 1638: 1632: 1631: 1628: 1625: 1622: 1619: 1614: 1611: 1608: 1601: 1598: 1595: 1594: 1581: 1578: 1575: 1569: 1568: 1555: 1552: 1549: 1544: 1538: 1537: 1524: 1521: 1518: 1512: 1511: 1498: 1495: 1492: 1490:Jakaya Kikwete 1487: 1481: 1480: 1467: 1464: 1461: 1455: 1454: 1441: 1438: 1435: 1433:Benjamin Mkapa 1430: 1424: 1423: 1410: 1407: 1404: 1398: 1397: 1384: 1381: 1378: 1373: 1367: 1366: 1353: 1350: 1347: 1345:Julius Nyerere 1342: 1336: 1335: 1332: 1327: 1322: 1319: 1312: 1309: 1307: 1304: 1301: 1300: 1297: 1291: 1290: 1287: 1281: 1280: 1279:2012–May 2018 1277: 1271: 1270: 1267: 1261: 1260: 1257: 1251: 1250: 1247: 1245:Philip Mangula 1241: 1240: 1237: 1231: 1230: 1227: 1225:Horace Kolimba 1221: 1220: 1217: 1215:Rashidi Kawawa 1211: 1210: 1207: 1201: 1200: 1197: 1191: 1190: 1184: 1183: 1180: 1174: 1173: 1170: 1164: 1163: 1161: 1155: 1154: 1151: 1145: 1144: 1138: 1137: 1134: 1130: 1129: 1126: 1124:Philip Mangula 1120: 1119: 1116: 1110: 1109: 1107: 1101: 1100: 1097: 1091: 1090: 1084: 1083: 1080: 1074: 1073: 1070: 1064: 1063: 1060: 1058:Jakaya Kikwete 1054: 1053: 1050: 1048:Benjamin Mkapa 1044: 1043: 1040: 1034: 1033: 1030: 1028:Julius Nyerere 1024: 1023: 1020: 1014: 1013: 981:political base 973: 972: 969: 967:Jokate Mwegelo 963: 960: 957: 954: 951: 948: 945: 942: 939: 933: 931:Hussein Mwinyi 927: 919: 916: 908: 905: 903: 900: 868:Jakaya Kikwete 829: 826: 822: 821: 817: 814: 811: 808: 801:mixed economic 782: 779: 734:Julius Nyerere 729: 726: 718:constituencies 706:Jakaya Kikwete 603: 602: 600: 599: 594: 589: 583: 580: 579: 571: 570: 566: 565: 557: 556: 552: 551: 540: 539: 535: 534: 529: 527: 521: 520: 515: 513: 507: 506: 501: 499: 493: 492: 487: 485: 479: 478: 473: 471: 465: 464: 455: 451: 450: 442: 438: 437: 432: 428: 427: 422: 418: 417: 404: 398: 397: 395: 394: 389: 387:Pan-Africanism 384: 379: 374: 368: 366: 360: 359: 356: 349: 348: 343: 339: 338: 333: 329: 328: 325: 321: 320: 317: 311: 310: 307: 301: 300: 297: 291: 290: 287: 281: 280: 275: 271: 270: 265: 261: 260: 251: 250:Merger of 247: 246: 236: 232: 231: 225:Julius Nyerere 222: 218: 217: 215:Hussein Mwinyi 212: 208: 207: 202: 198: 197: 192: 186: 185: 180: 174: 173: 168: 162: 161: 158: 154: 153: 145: 144: 128: 125: 124: 117: 116: 31: 29: 22: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6019: 6008: 6005: 6003: 6000: 5998: 5995: 5993: 5990: 5988: 5985: 5983: 5980: 5978: 5975: 5973: 5970: 5968: 5965: 5964: 5962: 5930: 5925: 5920: 5918: 5913: 5908: 5906: 5901: 5896: 5894: 5889: 5884: 5882: 5877: 5872: 5870: 5865: 5860: 5858: 5853: 5848: 5847: 5833: 5829: 5822: 5817: 5815: 5810: 5808: 5803: 5802: 5799: 5774: 5769: 5764: 5762: 5757: 5752: 5750: 5745: 5740: 5738: 5733: 5728: 5726: 5721: 5716: 5714: 5709: 5704: 5702: 5697: 5692: 5690: 5685: 5680: 5678: 5673: 5666: 5661: 5659: 5654: 5649: 5647: 5642: 5637: 5635: 5630: 5625: 5623: 5618: 5613: 5611: 5606: 5601: 5599: 5594: 5589: 5587: 5582: 5577: 5575: 5570: 5565: 5563: 5558: 5553: 5551: 5546: 5541: 5539: 5534: 5529: 5527: 5522: 5517: 5515: 5510: 5505: 5503: 5498: 5493: 5491: 5486: 5481: 5479: 5474: 5469: 5467: 5462: 5457: 5455: 5450: 5445: 5443: 5438: 5433: 5431: 5426: 5421: 5419: 5418:Peoples Party 5414: 5409: 5407: 5402: 5397: 5395: 5390: 5385: 5383: 5378: 5373: 5372: 5370: 5365: 5360: 5355: 5353: 5352:Frelimo Party 5348: 5343: 5341: 5336: 5331: 5329: 5324: 5319: 5317: 5312: 5307: 5305: 5300: 5295: 5293: 5288: 5283: 5281: 5276: 5271: 5269: 5264: 5259: 5257: 5252: 5247: 5245: 5240: 5235: 5233: 5228: 5223: 5221: 5216: 5211: 5209: 5204: 5199: 5197: 5192: 5187: 5185: 5180: 5175: 5173: 5168: 5163: 5161: 5156: 5151: 5149: 5144: 5139: 5137: 5132: 5127: 5125: 5120: 5115: 5113: 5108: 5103: 5101: 5096: 5091: 5089: 5084: 5079: 5077: 5072: 5067: 5065: 5060: 5055: 5053: 5048: 5043: 5041: 5036: 5031: 5029: 5024: 5019: 5017: 5012: 5007: 5005: 5000: 4995: 4993: 4988: 4983: 4981: 4976: 4971: 4969: 4964: 4959: 4958: 4956: 4951: 4946: 4941: 4939: 4934: 4929: 4927: 4922: 4917: 4915: 4910: 4905: 4903: 4898: 4893: 4891: 4886: 4881: 4879: 4874: 4869: 4867: 4862: 4857: 4855: 4850: 4845: 4843: 4838: 4833: 4831: 4826: 4821: 4819: 4814: 4809: 4807: 4802: 4797: 4795: 4790: 4785: 4783: 4778: 4773: 4771: 4766: 4761: 4759: 4754: 4749: 4747: 4742: 4737: 4735: 4730: 4725: 4723: 4718: 4713: 4711: 4706: 4701: 4699: 4694: 4689: 4687: 4682: 4677: 4675: 4670: 4665: 4663: 4658: 4653: 4651: 4646: 4641: 4639: 4634: 4629: 4627: 4622: 4617: 4615: 4610: 4605: 4603: 4598: 4593: 4591: 4586: 4581: 4579: 4574: 4569: 4567: 4562: 4557: 4555: 4550: 4545: 4544: 4542: 4539: 4538: 4533: 4529: 4522: 4518: 4511: 4508: 4506: 4503: 4501: 4498: 4496: 4493: 4491: 4488: 4486: 4483: 4482: 4478: 4474: 4467: 4462: 4460: 4455: 4453: 4448: 4447: 4444: 4432: 4429: 4427: 4424: 4422: 4419: 4418: 4415: 4409: 4406: 4404: 4401: 4399: 4396: 4394: 4391: 4389: 4386: 4384: 4383:PPT–MAENDELEO 4381: 4379: 4376: 4374: 4371: 4369: 4366: 4364: 4361: 4359: 4356: 4354: 4351: 4349: 4346: 4344: 4341: 4340: 4338: 4334: 4327: 4324: 4321: 4318: 4315: 4312: 4309: 4306: 4305: 4303: 4300: 4296: 4289: 4286: 4283: 4280: 4277: 4274: 4271: 4268: 4267: 4265: 4262: 4258: 4254: 4247: 4242: 4240: 4235: 4233: 4228: 4227: 4224: 4212: 4209: 4207: 4204: 4202: 4199: 4197: 4194: 4192: 4189: 4187: 4184: 4182: 4179: 4178: 4176: 4169: 4163: 4160: 4158: 4155: 4153: 4150: 4148: 4145: 4143: 4140: 4138: 4135: 4133: 4130: 4128: 4125: 4123: 4120: 4118: 4115: 4113: 4110: 4108: 4105: 4103: 4100: 4098: 4095: 4093: 4090: 4088: 4085: 4084: 4082: 4075: 4069: 4066: 4064: 4061: 4059: 4056: 4054: 4051: 4049: 4046: 4045: 4043: 4036: 4030: 4027: 4025: 4022: 4020: 4017: 4015: 4012: 4010: 4007: 4005: 4002: 4000: 3997: 3996: 3994: 3987: 3982: 3980: 3973: 3968:Pemba Island 3966: 3960: 3957: 3955: 3952: 3950: 3947: 3945: 3942: 3940: 3937: 3935: 3932: 3930: 3927: 3925: 3922: 3920: 3917: 3915: 3912: 3906: 3902: 3901: 3899: 3894:Tanga Region 3892: 3886: 3883: 3881: 3878: 3876: 3873: 3871: 3868: 3866: 3863: 3861: 3858: 3856: 3853: 3851: 3848: 3843: 3840: 3834: 3830: 3829: 3827: 3820: 3814: 3811: 3809: 3806: 3804: 3801: 3799: 3796: 3794: 3791: 3789: 3786: 3784: 3781: 3780: 3778: 3771: 3765: 3762: 3760: 3757: 3755: 3752: 3750: 3747: 3745: 3742: 3740: 3737: 3735: 3732: 3730: 3727: 3726: 3724: 3717: 3711: 3708: 3706: 3703: 3701: 3698: 3696: 3693: 3687: 3683: 3681: 3678: 3676: 3673: 3672: 3670: 3663: 3657: 3654: 3652: 3649: 3647: 3644: 3642: 3639: 3637: 3634: 3632: 3629: 3627: 3624: 3623: 3621: 3616:Rukwa Region 3614: 3608: 3605: 3603: 3600: 3598: 3595: 3593: 3590: 3588: 3585: 3580: 3577: 3575: 3572: 3570: 3567: 3565: 3562: 3556: 3552: 3551: 3549: 3544:Pwani Region 3542: 3536: 3533: 3531: 3528: 3526: 3523: 3517: 3513: 3511: 3508: 3506: 3503: 3501: 3498: 3496: 3493: 3491: 3488: 3486: 3483: 3482: 3480: 3473: 3467: 3464: 3462: 3459: 3457: 3454: 3452: 3449: 3447: 3444: 3442: 3439: 3437: 3434: 3433: 3431: 3424: 3418: 3415: 3413: 3410: 3408: 3405: 3403: 3400: 3398: 3395: 3393: 3390: 3384: 3380: 3378: 3375: 3373: 3370: 3368: 3365: 3364: 3362: 3355: 3349: 3346: 3344: 3341: 3339: 3336: 3334: 3331: 3329: 3326: 3324: 3321: 3319: 3316: 3314: 3311: 3309: 3306: 3305: 3303: 3298:Mbeya Region 3296: 3290: 3287: 3285: 3282: 3280: 3277: 3275: 3272: 3270: 3267: 3265: 3262: 3261: 3259: 3252: 3246: 3243: 3241: 3238: 3236: 3233: 3231: 3228: 3226: 3223: 3222: 3220: 3213: 3207: 3204: 3202: 3199: 3197: 3194: 3192: 3189: 3187: 3184: 3182: 3179: 3178: 3176: 3171:Lindi Region 3169: 3163: 3160: 3158: 3155: 3153: 3150: 3148: 3145: 3143: 3140: 3139: 3137: 3130: 3124: 3121: 3119: 3116: 3114: 3111: 3110: 3108: 3101: 3095: 3092: 3090: 3087: 3085: 3082: 3080: 3077: 3075: 3072: 3070: 3067: 3065: 3062: 3060: 3057: 3055: 3052: 3051: 3049: 3042: 3036: 3033: 3031: 3028: 3022: 3018: 3016: 3013: 3008: 3005: 3003: 3000: 2998: 2995: 2993: 2990: 2988: 2985: 2983: 2980: 2974: 2970: 2969: 2967: 2960: 2954: 2951: 2949: 2946: 2944: 2941: 2939: 2936: 2934: 2931: 2929: 2926: 2924: 2921: 2919: 2916: 2914: 2911: 2910: 2908: 2901: 2895: 2892: 2890: 2887: 2881: 2877: 2875: 2872: 2870: 2867: 2866: 2864: 2857: 2851: 2848: 2842: 2838: 2836: 2833: 2831: 2828: 2826: 2823: 2822: 2820: 2813: 2808: 2802: 2793: 2789: 2783: 2774: 2769: 2767: 2762: 2760: 2755: 2754: 2751: 2745: 2738: 2726: 2723: 2721: 2718: 2716: 2713: 2711: 2708: 2706: 2703: 2702: 2700: 2696: 2690: 2687: 2685: 2682: 2680: 2677: 2675: 2672: 2670: 2667: 2666: 2664: 2658: 2652: 2649: 2647: 2644: 2642: 2639: 2637: 2634: 2633: 2631: 2628: 2621: 2615: 2612: 2610: 2607: 2605: 2602: 2600: 2597: 2596: 2594: 2590: 2584: 2581: 2579: 2576: 2573: 2572: 2570: 2566: 2560: 2557: 2555: 2552: 2550: 2547: 2545: 2542: 2540: 2537: 2535: 2532: 2530: 2527: 2525: 2522: 2520: 2517: 2515: 2512: 2511: 2509: 2505: 2499: 2496: 2494: 2491: 2489: 2486: 2484: 2481: 2480: 2478: 2474: 2468: 2465: 2463: 2460: 2458: 2455: 2454: 2452: 2448: 2442: 2439: 2437: 2434: 2432: 2429: 2427: 2424: 2422: 2419: 2417: 2414: 2413: 2411: 2407: 2403: 2394: 2389: 2387: 2382: 2380: 2375: 2374: 2371: 2365: 2362: 2360: 2359:Official blog 2357: 2356: 2343: 2336: 2317: 2313: 2306: 2300: 2285: 2281: 2275: 2267: 2263: 2259: 2255: 2251: 2247: 2240: 2225: 2218: 2211: 2203: 2199: 2194: 2189: 2185: 2181: 2180: 2175: 2168: 2153: 2152: 2146: 2138: 2130: 2126: 2122: 2118: 2113: 2108: 2104: 2100: 2099: 2091: 2083: 2070: 2062: 2058: 2052: 2044: 2043: 2038: 2032: 2026: 2021: 2017: 2004: 1996: 1988: 1981: 1978: 1975: 1973: 1970: 1969: 1965: 1957: 1949: 1942: 1939: 1936: 1934: 1933:John Magufuli 1929: 1926: 1925: 1921: 1913: 1905: 1898: 1895: 1892: 1890: 1887: 1886: 1882: 1874: 1866: 1859: 1856: 1853: 1851: 1846: 1843: 1842: 1838: 1830: 1822: 1815: 1812: 1809: 1807: 1804: 1803: 1799: 1791: 1783: 1776: 1773: 1770: 1768: 1763: 1760: 1759: 1755: 1747: 1739: 1732: 1729: 1726: 1724: 1721: 1720: 1716: 1708: 1700: 1693: 1690: 1687: 1685: 1680: 1677: 1676: 1672: 1664: 1657: 1650: 1647: 1644: 1642: 1639: 1637: 1634: 1633: 1629: 1626: 1623: 1620: 1618: 1615: 1612: 1610:Party leader 1609: 1606: 1605: 1585: 1582: 1579: 1576: 1574: 1571: 1570: 1559: 1556: 1553: 1550: 1548: 1547:John Magufuli 1543: 1540: 1539: 1528: 1525: 1522: 1519: 1517: 1514: 1513: 1502: 1499: 1496: 1493: 1491: 1486: 1483: 1482: 1471: 1468: 1465: 1462: 1460: 1457: 1456: 1445: 1442: 1439: 1436: 1434: 1429: 1426: 1425: 1414: 1411: 1408: 1405: 1403: 1400: 1399: 1388: 1385: 1382: 1379: 1377: 1372: 1369: 1368: 1357: 1354: 1351: 1348: 1346: 1343: 1341: 1338: 1337: 1333: 1331: 1328: 1326: 1323: 1320: 1317: 1316: 1296: 1293: 1292: 1286: 1283: 1282: 1276: 1273: 1272: 1266: 1265:Wilson Mukama 1263: 1262: 1256: 1255:Yusuf Makamba 1253: 1252: 1246: 1243: 1242: 1236: 1235:Lawrence Gama 1233: 1232: 1226: 1223: 1222: 1216: 1213: 1212: 1206: 1203: 1202: 1198: 1195: 1194: 1188: 1187: 1182:2012–present 1179: 1176: 1175: 1169: 1166: 1165: 1162: 1160: 1157: 1156: 1152: 1149: 1148: 1142: 1141: 1132: 1131: 1125: 1122: 1121: 1115: 1112: 1111: 1108: 1106: 1105:John Malecela 1103: 1102: 1098: 1095: 1094: 1088: 1087: 1082:2021–present 1079: 1076: 1075: 1069: 1068:John Magufuli 1066: 1065: 1059: 1056: 1055: 1049: 1046: 1045: 1039: 1036: 1035: 1029: 1026: 1025: 1021: 1018: 1017: 1011: 1010: 1006: 1001: 994: 989: 982: 977: 970: 968: 964: 961: 958: 955: 952: 949: 946: 943: 940: 938: 934: 932: 928: 926: 922: 921: 915: 913: 899: 897: 892: 890: 889:John Magufuli 885: 883: 878: 875: 873: 869: 865: 861: 856: 854: 850: 846: 841: 839: 834: 825: 818: 815: 812: 809: 806: 805: 804: 802: 798: 797: 792: 791:collectivized 788: 778: 775: 769: 767: 763: 758: 753: 751: 747: 743: 739: 735: 725: 723: 719: 715: 714:John Magufuli 711: 707: 703: 699: 695: 691: 687: 683: 679: 678:authoritarian 674: 672: 668: 664: 660: 656: 652: 648: 644: 641: 638: 634: 614: 610: 598: 595: 593: 590: 588: 585: 584: 581: 577: 576:Party website 572: 567: 563: 558: 553: 550: 546: 541: 536: 528: 526: 522: 514: 512: 508: 500: 498: 494: 486: 484: 480: 472: 470: 466: 463: 459: 456: 452: 443: 439: 436: 433: 429: 426: 423: 419: 416: 412: 408: 405: 403: 399: 393: 390: 388: 385: 383: 380: 378: 375: 373: 370: 369: 367: 365: 361: 357: 350: 347: 344: 340: 337: 334: 332:Farmer's wing 330: 326: 324:Parents' wing 322: 318: 316: 312: 308: 306: 302: 298: 296: 292: 288: 286: 282: 279: 276: 272: 269: 266: 262: 259: 255: 252: 248: 237: 233: 230: 226: 223: 219: 216: 213: 209: 206: 203: 199: 196: 193: 191: 187: 184: 181: 175: 172: 169: 167: 163: 159: 155: 151: 146: 139: 132: 122: 113: 110: 102: 91: 88: 84: 81: 77: 74: 70: 67: 63: 60: –  59: 55: 54:Find sources: 48: 44: 38: 37: 32:This article 30: 26: 21: 20: 5880: 5737:Popular Will 5633: 5244:Labour Party 5100:Labour Party 4307: 4269: 3976: 3254:Mara Region 2973:Filikunjombe 2948:Simbachawene 2779: 2554:Bashiru Ally 2399: 2335: 2325:14 September 2323:. Retrieved 2316:the original 2299: 2288:. Retrieved 2286:. 2010-11-05 2283: 2274: 2249: 2245: 2239: 2227:. Retrieved 2210: 2186:(2): 77–89. 2183: 2177: 2167: 2155:. Retrieved 2149: 2137: 2102: 2096: 2090: 2078:|title= 2056: 2051: 2040: 2031: 2020: 1616: 1583: 1557: 1526: 1500: 1469: 1443: 1412: 1386: 1355: 1329: 1324: 1285:Bashiru Ally 1159:Salmin Amour 1078:Samia Suluhu 923:Chairwoman: 910: 893: 886: 879: 876: 857: 842: 835: 831: 823: 794: 784: 770: 754: 731: 675: 612: 608: 606: 483:Zanzibar HoR 461: 457: 410: 381: 345: 335: 315:Women's wing 295:Student wing 277: 264:Headquarters 195:Amoss Makala 190:Spokesperson 171:Samia Suluhu 157:Abbreviation 105: 99:January 2018 96: 86: 79: 72: 65: 53: 41:Please help 36:verification 33: 4890:Partido MAN 3959:Shellukindo 3855:Kigwangalla 3333:Mwambalaswa 3240:Ole-Sendeka 3235:Ole-Nangoro 3084:Ntukamazina 2784:MPs in the 2229:5 September 2157:8 September 1976:12,516,252 1577:12,516,252 1205:Pius Msekwa 1114:Pius Msekwa 407:Center-left 352:Membership 346:Wafanyakazi 229:Aboud Jumbe 166:Chairperson 5961:Categories 5196:ADEMA-PASJ 3860:Mfutakamba 3555:Bwanamdogo 2918:Chibulunje 2835:Ole-Medeye 2641:J. Makamba 2574:Aisha Juma 2539:Y. Makamba 2364:Ally Sykes 2290:2022-10-04 2012:References 1937:8,021,427 1893:4,641,830 1854:7,579,897 1810:4,628,127 1771:3,814,206 1727:5,198,120 1688:4,768,997 1645:5,417,099 1551:8,882,935 1520:5,276,827 1494:9,123,952 1463:5,863,201 1437:4,026,422 1406:5,198,120 1380:4,778,114 1349:5,570,883 1269:2011–2012 1259:2007–2011 1249:1997–2007 1239:1995–1997 1229:1990–1995 1219:1982–1990 1209:1977–1982 1128:2012–2022 1118:2007–2012 1072:2016–2021 1062:2006–2016 1052:1996–2006 1042:1985–1995 1032:1977–1985 902:Leadership 860:presidency 845:presidency 744:, and the 742:Tanganyika 555:Party flag 411:Historical 382:Historical 358:12,000,000 305:Youth wing 285:Think tank 242:1977-02-05 69:newspapers 5689:New Space 4107:K. Khamis 4019:S. Khamis 3914:Kitandula 3783:Chiligati 3749:S. Masele 3744:A. Masele 3377:Kalogeris 3338:Mwandosya 3323:Mwakyembe 3279:Nyangwine 3123:Serukamba 3118:Ntabaliba 3094:Tibaijuka 3059:Kagasheki 3021:W. Mgimwa 3015:M. Mgimwa 3007:G. Mgimwa 2889:Ndugulile 2629:Secretary 2202:1086-3214 2107:CiteSeerX 2069:cite news 2042:Vice News 1984:350 / 393 1945:260 / 393 1901:253 / 357 1862:264 / 324 1818:243 / 285 1779:214 / 285 1735:264 / 264 1696:274 / 274 1653:264 / 264 1627:Position 1607:Election 1318:Election 1172:? – 2012 838:elections 710:landslide 635:) is the 597:Elections 475:365 / 393 462:CCM Oyee! 415:Left wing 274:Newspaper 4211:S. Salum 4147:Sereweji 4142:Saadalla 4087:A. Ameir 4004:K. Ameir 3939:Ngwilizi 3934:Ngonyani 3813:Nyalandu 3798:Missanga 3764:Suleiman 3759:A. Salum 3597:Marombwa 3574:Kawambwa 3500:Kitwanga 3490:Bukwimba 3456:Mkuchika 3436:Bwanausi 3343:Mwanjale 3328:Mwakyusa 3225:Chambiri 3191:Mangungu 3186:Majaliwa 3157:Malecela 3152:Maghembe 3089:Rweikiza 3069:Magufuli 3064:Katagira 2880:Mwaiposa 2609:Polepole 2559:Chongolo 2457:Malecela 2436:Magufuli 2284:BBC News 2266:17134713 2129:17134713 781:Ideology 750:Zanzibar 671:Zanzibar 647:Tanzania 637:dominant 364:Ideology 336:Wakulima 5929:ZANU–PF 5893:FRELIMO 4353:CHAUSTA 4348:CHAUMMA 4276:CHADEMA 4206:Nahodha 4201:Muhongo 4181:Mbarawa 4117:Masauni 4112:Mabumba 4092:Chomboh 4079:(16/19) 4048:Clement 3954:Shekifu 3924:Mntangi 3919:Makamba 3896:(11/11) 3845:(2011–) 3808:Nchemba 3734:Lembeli 3710:Nchimbi 3705:Mtutura 3700:Mhagama 3680:Kayombo 3646:Malocha 3631:Kandege 3602:Rashidi 3582:(2014–) 3579:Kikwete 3530:Ngeleja 3510:Mansoor 3477:(10/13) 3446:Kasembe 3417:Shabiby 3407:Mteketa 3392:Makalla 3383:Kombani 3359:(10/10) 3348:Hasunga 3201:Mitambo 3181:Chikawe 3079:Mwijage 3054:Blandes 3010:(2014–) 3002:Makinda 2997:Mahenge 2964:(10/11) 2928:Mallole 2923:Lusinde 2874:Mahanga 2830:Lowassa 2803:in the 2698:Related 2689:Hawassi 2679:Nchemba 2651:Lubinga 2534:Mangula 2524:Kolimba 2467:Mangula 2431:Kikwete 2416:Nyerere 1979:84.40% 1940:55.04% 1896:60.20% 1813:65.19% 1774:59.22% 1730:97.78% 1630:Result 1584:Elected 1580:84.40% 1558:Elected 1554:58.46% 1527:Elected 1523:62.83% 1501:Elected 1497:80.28% 1470:Elected 1466:71.74% 1444:Elected 1440:61.82% 1413:Elected 1409:97.78% 1387:Elected 1383:95.68% 1356:Elected 1334:Result 1199:Tenure 1153:Tenure 1099:Tenure 1022:Tenure 894:In the 768:(ACT). 728:History 659:Liberia 633:English 620:  569:Website 511:SADC PF 489:84 / 88 441:Colours 240: ( 235:Founded 221:Founder 138:Swahili 83:scholar 5112:Meretz 4373:NCCR-M 4196:Migiro 4191:Meghji 4162:Zubeir 4152:Silima 4127:Mwinyi 4068:Suluhu 4063:Maalim 4058:Khatib 3970:(0/18) 3929:Nassir 3905:Kigoda 3865:Nkumba 3850:Kapuya 3842:Kafumu 3803:Mwambu 3793:Lwanji 3729:Chenge 3721:(8/13) 3695:Makani 3675:Kawawa 3651:Mipata 3641:Keissy 3636:Kakoso 3626:Hilaly 3592:Malima 3535:Tizeba 3525:Ndassa 3495:Kamani 3466:Njwayo 3441:Ghasia 3402:Mponda 3318:Mulugo 3313:Kilufi 3308:Kibona 3300:(9/11) 3289:Wasira 3284:Okambo 3269:Lugola 3206:Mtanda 3162:Mwanri 3074:Mshama 3046:(9/10) 3030:Msolla 2992:Lwenge 2987:Lukuvi 2982:Kigola 2943:Nkamia 2938:Ndugai 2913:Badwel 2869:Mtulia 2850:Telele 2841:Sumari 2825:Laizer 2720:Ujamaa 2684:Meghji 2669:Kigoda 2646:Migiro 2604:Nnauye 2583:Silima 2578:Khatib 2549:Kinana 2544:Mukama 2519:Kawawa 2514:Msekwa 2498:Mwinyi 2488:Karume 2462:Msekwa 2441:Suluhu 2421:Mwinyi 2264:  2200:  2127:  2109:  1621:Seats 1613:Votes 1352:95.5% 993:Dodoma 820:state. 796:Ujamaa 651:Africa 640:ruling 549:hammer 547:and a 454:Slogan 448:  445:  392:Ujamaa 354:(2022) 268:Dodoma 134:  85:  78:  71:  64:  56:  5917:SWAPO 5430:Fatah 5364:SWAPO 5052:PFSDH 5016:PASOK 4794:PAICV 4336:Other 4326:TADEA 4272:(365) 4263:(393) 4186:Mbene 4173:(7/8) 4157:Turky 4122:Mussa 4040:(5/5) 4024:Saleh 4014:Jaddy 3991:(7/8) 3949:Pamba 3944:Nundu 3880:Sumar 3875:Sitta 3824:(9/9) 3788:Dewji 3775:(7/8) 3754:Mpina 3739:Maige 3686:Komba 3667:(7/7) 3656:Pinda 3618:(7/8) 3569:Jumaa 3546:(9/9) 3505:Limbu 3461:Murji 3451:Mkapa 3428:(7/7) 3397:Mkulo 3367:Abood 3274:Mkono 3264:Kebwe 3256:(6/7) 3217:(5/6) 3196:Membe 3173:(6/8) 3147:David 3142:Chami 3134:(5/9) 3113:Chiza 3105:(3/8) 3035:Sanga 2933:Mhita 2905:(9/9) 2894:Zungu 2861:(6/8) 2817:(4/7) 2636:Membe 2614:Shaka 2493:Shein 2483:Amour 2426:Mkapa 2319:(PDF) 2308:(PDF) 2262:S2CID 2220:(PDF) 2125:S2CID 1691:100% 1648:100% 1325:Votes 1005:Lindi 643:party 531:4 / 5 517:4 / 5 503:7 / 9 469:Bunge 435:FLMSA 278:Uhuru 90:JSTOR 76:books 5905:MPLA 5646:FDTL 5598:PSOE 5478:APRA 5406:PNDS 5394:FSLN 5340:USFP 4950:CPDS 4758:PBSD 4590:MPLA 4408:UPDP 4378:PONA 4363:FORD 4310:(81) 4301:(85) 4278:(20) 4137:Omar 4132:Mzee 4102:Juma 4097:Jabu 4053:Issa 4029:Iddi 4009:Haji 3885:Zedi 3870:Rage 3833:Aziz 3607:Shah 3587:Koka 3564:Jafo 3485:Amar 3412:Nkya 3372:Amer 3245:Soni 3230:Nagu 2715:TANU 2674:Aziz 2529:Gama 2327:2014 2231:2013 2198:ISSN 2159:2014 2082:help 2002:1st 1972:2020 1963:1st 1928:2015 1919:1st 1889:2010 1880:1st 1857:70% 1845:2005 1836:1st 1806:2000 1797:1st 1762:1995 1753:1st 1723:1990 1714:1st 1679:1985 1670:1st 1636:1980 1624:+/– 1573:2020 1542:2015 1516:2010 1485:2005 1459:2000 1428:1995 1402:1990 1371:1985 1340:1980 1196:Name 1150:Name 1096:Name 1019:Name 862:and 847:and 702:2020 700:and 698:2015 694:2010 690:2005 686:2000 682:1995 617:lit. 607:The 497:EALA 256:and 254:TANU 62:news 5881:CCM 5869:BDP 5857:ANC 5454:PPS 4403:UMD 4398:UDP 4393:TLP 4388:SAU 4368:NLD 4343:CCK 4328:(1) 4322:(1) 4320:AFP 4316:(1) 4314:ADC 4308:CCM 4290:(3) 4288:CUF 4284:(4) 4282:ACT 4270:CCM 3999:Ali 3516:Max 2953:Teu 2710:ASP 2254:doi 2188:doi 2117:doi 1994:90 1911:11 1872:21 1828:29 1789:50 1745:10 1706:10 657:of 645:in 631:in 613:CCM 545:hoe 258:ASP 160:CCM 45:by 5963:: 4358:DP 3975:– 2626:IR 2310:. 2282:. 2260:. 2250:30 2248:. 2222:. 2196:. 2184:32 2182:. 2176:. 2148:. 2123:. 2115:. 2103:30 2101:. 2073:: 2071:}} 2067:{{ 2039:. 1955:7 752:. 724:. 704:. 696:, 692:, 688:, 684:, 615:; 543:A 5820:e 5813:t 5806:v 4465:e 4458:t 4451:v 4245:e 4238:t 4231:v 3983:– 3981:) 2772:e 2765:t 2758:v 2392:e 2385:t 2378:v 2344:. 2329:. 2293:. 2268:. 2256:: 2233:. 2204:. 2190:: 2161:. 2131:. 2119:: 2084:) 2080:( 2063:. 1617:% 1592:Y 1566:Y 1535:Y 1509:Y 1478:Y 1452:Y 1421:Y 1395:Y 1364:Y 1330:% 1007:. 995:. 629:' 623:' 611:( 244:) 140:) 136:( 112:) 106:( 101:) 97:( 87:· 80:· 73:· 66:· 39:.

Index


verification
improve this article
adding citations to reliable sources
"Chama Cha Mapinduzi"
news
newspapers
books
scholar
JSTOR
Learn how and when to remove this message
Swahili

Chairperson
Samia Suluhu
Emanuel Nchimbi
Spokesperson
Amoss Makala
Abdulrahman Kinana
Hussein Mwinyi
Julius Nyerere
Aboud Jumbe
TANU
ASP
Dodoma
Think tank
Student wing
Youth wing
Women's wing
Ideology

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.