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Changes in safety practices after the sinking of the Titanic

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boats, 25 ft (7.6 m) long, had a capacity of 40 persons each. Four Engelhardt collapsible lifeboats measuring 27 ft 5 in (8.36 m) long by 8 ft (2.4 m) wide had a capacity of 47 persons each; they had canvas sides, and could be stowed almost flat, taking up a comparatively small amount of deck space. Two were stowed port and starboard on the roof of the officers' quarters, at the foot of the first funnel, while the other two were stowed port and starboard alongside the emergency lifeboat
267: 2905: 77: 36: 241: 179: 347:. This Act, along with the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, stated that radio communications on passenger ships would be operated 24 hours along with a secondary power supply so as not to miss distress calls. Also, the Radio Act of 1912 required ships to maintain contact with vessels in their vicinity as well as coastal onshore radio stations. 302:
accommodation than was legally required. The regulations made no extra provision for larger ships because they had not been changed since 1894, when the largest passenger ship under consideration was only 13,000 tons, and because of the expected difficulty in getting away more than 16 boats in any emergency.
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had seen rockets fired from an unknown liner yet surmised that they could possibly be "company" or identification signals, used to signal to other ships. At the time of the sinking, aside from distress situations, it was commonplace for ships without wireless radio to use a combination of rockets and
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In the mid-20th century, ice patrol aircraft became the primary ice reconnaissance method with surface patrols phased out except during unusually heavy ice years or extended periods of reduced visibility. Use of the oceanographic vessel continued until 1982, when the Coast Guard's sole remaining
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lifeboat complement was made up of three types of boats. The most numerous were the 14 standard wooden lifeboats, each 30 ft (9.1 m) long by 9 ft 1 in (2.77 m) wide, with a capacity of 65 persons each. Forward of them, one on each side of the ship, two smaller emergency
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disaster, recommendations were made by both the British and American Boards of Inquiry stating, in part, that ships would carry enough lifeboats for those aboard, mandated lifeboat drills would be implemented, lifeboat inspections would be conducted, etc. Many of these recommendations were
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was just over 46,000) must carry 16 lifeboats with a capacity of 5,500 cubic feet (160 m), plus enough capacity in rafts and floats for 75% (or 50% in case of a vessel with watertight bulkheads) of that in the lifeboats. Therefore, the White Star Line actually provided more lifeboat
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In addition, it was agreed in the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea that the firing of red rockets from a ship must be interpreted as a sign of the need for help. This decision was based on the fact that the rockets launched from the
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to identify themselves to other liners. Once the Radio Act of 1912 was passed it was agreed that rockets at sea would be interpreted as distress signals only, thus removing any possible misinterpretation from other ships.
17: 94: 49: 443:, an agency of the United States Coast Guard that to the present day monitors and reports on the location of North Atlantic Ocean icebergs that could pose a threat to transatlantic sea traffic. 785: 55: 792: 141: 113: 454:, was converted to a medium endurance cutter. Aircraft have distinct advantages for ice reconnaissance, providing much greater coverage in a shorter period of time. 120: 439:(SOLAS) in London, on 12 November 1913. On 30 January 1914, a treaty was signed by the conference that resulted in the formation and international funding of the 2751: 436: 338: 326: 658:
spent six months at Harland and Wolff undergoing an extensive refit that extended the double bottom up the sides of the vessel to give her a "double skin"....
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resulted in the following changes in maritime policy: This includes an increase in life boats and life vests in case of emergency.
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disaster, ships were refitted for increased safety. For example, the double bottoms of many existing ships, including the
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Alexander Carlisle, Harland and Wolff's general manager and chairman of the managing directors, suggested that
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sank, the bulkheads on other ships were extended higher to make the compartments fully watertight.
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prior to sinking were interpreted with ambiguity by the freighter
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Following the inquiries, the United States government passed the
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Changes in safety practices after the sinking of the RMS Titanic
607:. The Guglielmo Marconi Foundation, U.S.A., Inc. Archived from 110:"Changes in safety practices after the sinking of the Titanic" 638:(2nd ed.). London: Hodder & Stoughton. p. 218. 297:'s regulations stated that British vessels over 10,000 tons ( 286: 332: 666: 437:
International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea
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International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea
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International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea
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disaster, the U.S. Navy assigned the Scout Cruisers
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which could give the ship the potential to carry 48
101:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 629: 2922: 2752:Agreement Concerning the Shipwrecked Vessel RMS 420:) assumed responsibility, assigning the Cutters 412:could not spare ships for this purpose, so the 605:"TITANIC Tragedy Spawns Wireless Advancements" 682: 512:Unsinkable: the full story of the RMS Titanic 2570:Mount Olivet Cemetery (Halifax, Nova Scotia) 602: 2307:(It Was Sad When That Great Ship Went Down) 435:disaster led to the convening of the first 375: 64:Learn how and when to remove these messages 689: 675: 598: 596: 226:Learn how and when to remove this message 161:Learn how and when to remove this message 485:extended 10 feet (3.0 m) above the 408:for the remainder of 1912. In 1913, the 333:24-hour radio watch and distress rockets 265: 239: 203:of all important aspects of the article. 579:Encyclopedia Titanica (with references) 14: 2923: 593: 509: 473:, were extended up the sides of their 457: 199:Please consider expanding the lead to 670: 1855:The Wreck of the Titan: Or, Futility 1398:Mauritz Håkan Björnström-Steffansson 549:British Wreck Commissioner's Inquiry 172: 99:adding citations to reliable sources 70: 29: 24: 25: 2947: 1219:Joseph Philippe Lemercier Laroche 719:Second and Third class facilities 545:"Board of Trade's Administration" 305:On the night of the sinking, the 45:This article has multiple issues. 2904: 2903: 2499:Museum (Pigeon Forge, Tennessee) 636:Titanic – An Illustrated History 177: 75: 34: 2506:Maritime Museum of the Atlantic 1608:Noël Leslie, Countess of Rothes 191:may be too short to adequately 86:needs additional citations for 53:or discuss these issues on the 2442:Titanic: Adventure Out of Time 2027:The Chambermaid on the Titanic 623: 567: 551:. 30 July 1912. Archived from 537: 528: 503: 362:. Officers on the deck of the 201:provide an accessible overview 13: 1: 2825:Titanic International Society 1818:Butt–Millet Memorial Fountain 510:Butler, Daniel Allen (1998). 496: 1489:Frank John William Goldsmith 261: 7: 2159:Titanic: The Complete Story 2057:The Boy Who Saw the Iceberg 2047:Titanic: The Legend Goes On 763:Changes in safety practices 696: 10: 2952: 2489:Museum (Branson, Missouri) 2316:The Sinking of the Titanic 2262:The Unsinkable Molly Brown 1977:The Unsinkable Molly Brown 379: 336: 285:use a new, larger type of 2898: 2764: 2732: 2600: 2593: 2526: 2467: 2422: 2374:Dance Band on the Titanic 2293: 2242: 2128: 2037:The Legend of the Titanic 1885: 1845: 1832: 1781: 1728: 1709: 1698: 1333: 1084: 1075: 1048: 909: 826: 742: 706: 575:"Lifeboat Specifications" 418:United States Coast Guard 2850:Women and children first 2549:Titanic Quarter, Belfast 2452:Titanic: Honor and Glory 2211:Titanic: Blood and Steel 2188:"A Flight to Remember" ( 851:William McMaster Murdoch 441:International Ice Patrol 382:International Ice Patrol 376:International Ice Patrol 2865:La Circassienne au Bain 2556:Cape Race, Newfoundland 2355:Nearer, My God, to Thee 1517:Margaret Bechstein Hays 1433:Charlotte Drake Cardeza 603:Minichiello,P.E., Ray. 481:. The bulkheads on the 428:to conduct the patrol. 27:Maritime policy changes 2563:Fairview Lawn Cemetery 2432:Search for the Titanic 2231:Titanic: The Aftermath 1997:Secrets of the Titanic 1897:Saved from the Titanic 1875:Polar the Titanic Bear 1636:Frederic Kimber Seward 1580:Arthur Godfrey Peuchen 1566:Michel Marcel Navratil 1468:Lucy, Lady Duff-Gordon 1426:Helen Churchill Candee 1419:Margaret "Molly" Brown 1025:Frank Winnold Prentice 901:(Machine Room Manager) 753:Iceberg that sank the 712:First class facilities 414:Revenue Cutter Service 325:incorporated into the 278: 248: 2833:Encyclopedia Titanica 2745:Maritime Memorial Act 1538:Eleanor Ileen Johnson 1461:Sir Cosmo Duff-Gordon 1303:George Dunton Widener 1233:Harry Markland Molson 1198:Charles Melville Hays 1163:Sidney Leslie Goodwin 1142:Walter Donald Douglas 859:Charles H. 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Smith 833: 822: 815: 808: 798: 791: 786:British inquiry 784: 775: 768: 761: 751: 738: 731: 726:Grand Staircase 724: 717: 710: 702: 695: 665: 664: 646: 628: 624: 614: 612: 601: 594: 584: 582: 573: 572: 568: 558: 556: 543: 542: 538: 533: 529: 522: 508: 504: 499: 460: 384: 378: 341: 335: 309: 274: 264: 253:sinking of the 232: 221: 220: 219: 214: 208: 205: 198: 186:This article's 182: 167: 156: 150: 147: 104: 102: 92: 80: 39: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 2949: 2939: 2938: 2933: 2916: 2915: 2913: 2912: 2899: 2896: 2895: 2892: 2891: 2889: 2888: 2887: 2886: 2869: 2860: 2857:Robert Ballard 2853: 2846: 2837: 2828: 2821: 2811: 2808:Arthur Rostron 2804: 2797: 2790: 2783: 2776: 2768: 2766: 2762: 2761: 2759: 2758: 2748: 2736: 2734: 2730: 2729: 2727: 2726: 2725: 2724: 2714: 2695: 2685: 2675: 2671:Mackay-Bennett 2665: 2655: 2645: 2635: 2625: 2615: 2604: 2602: 2595: 2591: 2590: 2588: 2587: 2580: 2573: 2566: 2559: 2552: 2545: 2542:Titanic Canyon 2538: 2530: 2528: 2524: 2523: 2521: 2520: 2510: 2502: 2492: 2482: 2478:SeaCity Museum 2473: 2471: 2465: 2464: 2461: 2460: 2458: 2457: 2447: 2437: 2426: 2424: 2420: 2419: 2417: 2416: 2411:Titanic Rising 2406: 2397: 2387: 2378: 2369: 2359: 2350: 2341: 2331: 2321: 2311: 2297: 2295: 2291: 2290: 2288: 2287: 2285:(1997 musical) 2277: 2267: 2265:(1960 musical) 2257: 2246: 2244: 2240: 2239: 2237: 2236: 2226: 2216: 2206: 2196: 2184: 2174: 2164: 2154: 2149:S.O.S. 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Lowe 879: 871: 867:Herbert Pitman 863: 855: 847: 839: 830: 828: 824: 823: 821: 820: 813: 806: 796: 789: 782: 781: 780: 777:Lifeboat No. 1 766: 759: 748: 746: 740: 739: 737: 736: 733:Animals aboard 729: 722: 715: 707: 704: 703: 694: 693: 686: 679: 671: 663: 662: 654:disaster, the 650:Following the 644: 622: 592: 566: 536: 527: 520: 501: 500: 498: 495: 462:Following the 459: 456: 404:to patrol the 380:Main article: 377: 374: 337:Main article: 334: 331: 295:Board of Trade 263: 260: 234: 233: 216: 215: 195:the key points 185: 183: 176: 169: 168: 83: 81: 74: 69: 43: 42: 40: 33: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2948: 2937: 2934: 2932: 2929: 2928: 2926: 2910: 2901: 2900: 2897: 2884: 2880: 2879: 2877: 2875: 2870: 2867: 2866: 2861: 2858: 2854: 2851: 2847: 2844: 2843: 2838: 2835: 2834: 2829: 2826: 2822: 2819: 2817: 2812: 2809: 2805: 2802: 2798: 2795: 2791: 2788: 2787:Harold Cottam 2784: 2781: 2777: 2774: 2770: 2769: 2767: 2763: 2756: 2755: 2749: 2746: 2744: 2738: 2737: 2735: 2731: 2722: 2721: 2715: 2712: 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1616: 1615:Emily Ryerson 1612: 1609: 1605: 1602: 1598: 1595: 1591: 1588: 1584: 1581: 1577: 1574: 1570: 1567: 1563: 1560: 1556: 1553: 1549: 1546: 1542: 1539: 1535: 1532: 1528: 1525: 1521: 1518: 1514: 1511: 1507: 1504: 1500: 1497: 1496:Edith Haisman 1493: 1490: 1486: 1483: 1479: 1476: 1472: 1469: 1465: 1462: 1458: 1455: 1454:Millvina Dean 1451: 1448: 1447:Gladys Cherry 1444: 1441: 1440:Lucile Carter 1437: 1434: 1430: 1427: 1423: 1420: 1416: 1413: 1409: 1406: 1402: 1399: 1395: 1392: 1388: 1385: 1381: 1378: 1374: 1371: 1367: 1364: 1360: 1357: 1353: 1350: 1346: 1343: 1339: 1338: 1336: 1332: 1325: 1321: 1318: 1314: 1311: 1307: 1304: 1300: 1297: 1293: 1290: 1286: 1283: 1279: 1276: 1275:Isidor Straus 1272: 1269: 1265: 1262: 1258: 1255: 1254:Emily Ryerson 1251: 1248: 1244: 1241: 1237: 1234: 1230: 1227: 1223: 1220: 1216: 1213: 1209: 1206: 1202: 1199: 1195: 1192: 1188: 1185: 1181: 1178: 1174: 1171: 1167: 1164: 1160: 1157: 1153: 1150: 1146: 1143: 1139: 1136: 1132: 1129: 1125: 1122: 1118: 1115: 1111: 1108: 1104: 1101: 1097: 1094: 1090: 1089: 1087: 1083: 1080: 1078: 1074: 1067: 1063: 1060: 1056: 1055: 1053: 1051: 1047: 1040: 1039:George Symons 1036: 1033: 1029: 1026: 1022: 1019: 1018:Jack Phillips 1015: 1012: 1008: 1005: 1001: 998: 994: 991: 987: 984: 983:Archie Jewell 980: 977: 976:Violet Jessop 973: 970: 966: 963: 959: 956: 952: 949: 945: 942: 938: 935: 931: 928: 924: 921: 917: 916: 914: 912: 908: 900: 896: 892: 888: 884: 880: 876: 872: 868: 864: 860: 856: 852: 848: 844: 840: 836: 832: 831: 829: 827:Deck officers 825: 818: 814: 811: 807: 804: 803: 800:Wreck of the 797: 794: 790: 787: 783: 778: 774: 773: 771: 767: 764: 760: 757: 756: 750: 749: 747: 745: 741: 734: 730: 727: 723: 720: 716: 713: 709: 708: 705: 701: 700: 692: 687: 685: 680: 678: 673: 672: 669: 659: 657: 653: 647: 645:0-340-56271-4 641: 637: 633: 632:Ken Marschall 626: 610: 606: 599: 597: 580: 576: 570: 554: 550: 546: 540: 534:Butler, p. 38 531: 523: 517: 513: 506: 502: 494: 492: 488: 484: 480: 476: 472: 471: 465: 455: 453: 452: 444: 442: 438: 434: 429: 427: 423: 419: 415: 411: 407: 403: 402: 396: 395: 389: 383: 373: 370: 369:Roman candles 365: 361: 360: 354: 348: 346: 340: 330: 328: 323: 318: 316: 308: 303: 300: 296: 292: 288: 284: 273: 268: 259: 257: 256: 247: 242: 238: 230: 227: 212: 202: 196: 194: 189: 184: 180: 175: 174: 165: 162: 154: 151:December 2012 143: 140: 136: 133: 129: 126: 122: 119: 115: 112: –  111: 107: 106:Find sources: 100: 96: 90: 89: 84:This article 82: 78: 73: 72: 67: 65: 58: 57: 52: 51: 46: 41: 32: 31: 19: 2873: 2863: 2840: 2831: 2815: 2801:Stanley Lord 2753: 2742: 2719: 2708: 2700: 2690: 2680: 2670: 2660: 2650: 2641:Mount Temple 2640: 2630: 2620: 2610: 2577:Arrol Gantry 2514: 2496: 2486: 2450: 2440: 2430: 2409: 2390: 2362: 2334: 2324: 2314: 2304: 2280: 2270: 2260: 2250: 2229: 2219: 2209: 2199: 2189: 2177: 2167: 2157: 2147: 2115: 2105: 2095: 2085: 2075: 2065: 2055: 2045: 2035: 2025: 2015: 2005: 1995: 1985: 1975: 1965: 1955: 1945: 1935: 1925: 1915: 1905: 1895: 1873: 1864: 1853: 1808: 1798: 1761: 1664:Barbara West 1342:Rhoda Abbott 1128:Thomas Byles 997:Reginald Lee 927:Harold Bride 911:Crew members 801: 762: 754: 697: 655: 651: 649: 635: 630:Lynch, Don; 625: 613:. Retrieved 609:the original 583:. Retrieved 578: 569: 557:. Retrieved 553:the original 548: 539: 530: 511: 505: 490: 489:. After the 482: 469: 463: 461: 450: 445: 432: 430: 425: 421: 400: 393: 387: 385: 363: 358: 352: 349: 342: 321: 319: 306: 304: 298: 282: 280: 271: 254: 250: 245: 237: 222: 206: 190: 188:lead section 157: 148: 138: 131: 124: 117: 105: 93:Please help 88:verification 85: 61: 54: 48: 47:Please help 44: 2931:RMS Titanic 2876:submersible 2780:David Blair 2718:Romandisea 2661:Californian 2423:Video games 2107:Titanic 666 2077:Tentacolino 1790:Straus Park 1773:(Liverpool) 1739:(Liverpool) 1650:Jack Thayer 1545:Louise Kink 1370:Ruth Becker 1261:W. T. Stead 1177:John Harper 962:Luigi Gatti 941:Sid Daniels 899:Joseph Bell 585:20 November 406:Grand Banks 364:Californian 359:Californian 2925:Categories 2710:Titanic II 2130:Television 2117:Unsinkable 2087:Titanic II 1917:La hantise 1720:(Ballarat) 1587:Jane Quick 1268:Ida Straus 1149:Annie Funk 1085:Fatalities 1077:Passengers 615:8 November 559:9 November 497:References 401:Birmingham 386:After the 320:After the 121:newspapers 50:improve it 2883:implosion 2691:Frankfurt 2651:Carpathia 2631:Britannic 2508:(Halifax) 2364:Titanique 1771:Orchestra 1765:(Belfast) 1753:Musicians 1745:Engineers 1718:Bandstand 1710:Australia 1700:Monuments 1384:Karl Behr 1334:Survivors 1050:Musicians 837:(Captain) 770:Lifeboats 487:load line 479:bulkheads 451:Evergreen 291:lifeboats 262:Lifeboats 193:summarize 56:talk page 2909:Category 2699:Replica 2404:" (song) 2385:" (song) 2376:" (song) 2357:" (song) 2348:" (song) 2252:The Berg 2190:Futurama 2142:" (1956) 2007:Titanica 1937:Atlantik 1927:Atlantic 1510:Eva Hart 634:(1997). 209:May 2020 2816:Titanic 2754:Titanic 2743:Titanic 2720:Titanic 2701:Titanic 2621:Olympic 2594:Related 2517:Belfast 2515:Titanic 2497:Titanic 2487:Titanic 2468:Museums 2414:(album) 2402:Tempest 2383:Titanic 2326:Titanic 2305:Titanic 2282:Titanic 2275:(1974) 2272:Titanic 2255:(1929) 2243:Theater 2201:Titanic 2169:Titanic 2097:The Six 2017:Titanic 1957:Titanic 1947:Titanic 1809:Titanic 1799:Titanic 1762:Titanic 802:Titanic 755:Titanic 744:Sinking 699:Titanic 656:Olympic 652:Titanic 491:Titanic 483:Titanic 470:Olympic 464:Titanic 433:Titanic 394:Chester 388:Titanic 353:Titanic 322:Titanic 315:cutters 307:Titanic 299:Titanic 283:Titanic 272:Titanic 255:Titanic 246:Titanic 135:scholar 2765:Others 2611:Baltic 2527:Places 2445:(1996) 2435:(1989) 2234:(2012) 2224:(2012) 2214:(2012) 2194:(1999) 2182:(1996) 2162:(1994) 2152:(1979) 2120:(2024) 2110:(2022) 2100:(2021) 2090:(2010) 2080:(2004) 2070:(2003) 2060:(2000) 2050:(2000) 2040:(1999) 2030:(1997) 2020:(1997) 2010:(1992) 2000:(1986) 1990:(1980) 1980:(1964) 1970:(1958) 1960:(1953) 1950:(1943) 1940:(1929) 1930:(1929) 1920:(1912) 1910:(1912) 1900:(1912) 1867:(book) 1858:(1898) 642:  518:  449:USCGC 422:Seneca 310:'s 275:'s 137:  130:  123:  116:  108:  2874:Titan 2681:Birma 2629:HMHS 2601:Ships 2455:(TBA) 2294:Music 1887:Films 1846:Books 475:hulls 426:Miami 287:davit 142:JSTOR 128:books 2741:RMS 2649:RMS 2619:RMS 2609:RMS 2303:The 640:ISBN 617:2008 587:2008 561:2008 516:ISBN 468:RMS 431:The 424:and 399:USS 397:and 392:USS 270:The 251:The 244:The 114:news 2733:Law 2689:SS 2679:SS 2669:CS 2659:SS 2639:SS 357:SS 97:by 2927:: 648:. 595:^ 577:. 547:. 317:. 59:. 2400:" 2381:" 2372:" 2353:" 2344:" 2301:" 2192:) 2138:" 690:e 683:t 676:v 619:. 589:. 563:. 524:. 229:) 223:( 211:) 207:( 197:. 164:) 158:( 153:) 149:( 139:· 132:· 125:· 118:· 91:. 66:) 62:( 20:)

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Changes in safety practices after the sinking of the RMS Titanic
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sinking of the Titanic

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lifeboats
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International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea
International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea
Radio Act of 1912

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