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Calhoun Academy (Mississippi)

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When the Federal government began forcing Mississippi schools to accept black students, many white parents sought ways to avoid sending their children to school with black children. In 1968, Calhoun Academy was created to give white students the opportunity of a segregated education.
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adopted a policy that public school teachers must enroll their children in public schools as a condition of retaining their employment. When 3 teachers were dismissed under this policy, they sued in federal court, alleging that the schoolboard had violated their
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As of 2012, the student population was 100% white. In the 2015-2016 school year, the school had 155 students, all of whom were white. In the 2018 school year, attendance was 105, 104 of whom were white and 1 of whom was Hispanic.
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ruled that Calhoun Academy was a racially discriminatory institution and the school board's policy was a permissible regulation to eliminate racial discrimination. The ruling was upheld in a 2-1 ruling by the
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Calhoun Academy is a racially discriminatory institution formed in the wake of public school desegregation to provide a haven for segregated education.
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In 1970, Calhoun Academy lost its tax exempt status when it declined to share its admissions policies with the IRS.
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Cook v. Hudson: The State's Interest in Integration versus the First Amendment Rights on the Public Schoolteacher
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initially agreed to review the case, but ultimately declined to hear an appeal.
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All students in grades 6-12 are subject to mandatory drug testing.
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Drinkwater Jr, W. Wayne, and Charles Claiborne Barksdale.
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Education segregation in the Mississippi Red Clay region
545:"11 Miss. private schools lose tax-exempt status". 580:"SUPREME COURT SIDESTEPS MISSISSIPPI TEACHER CASE" 417:. Archived from the original on 26 September 2015 383:"Search for Public Schools - A9303329 (A9303329)" 27:Segregation academy in Mississippi, United States 732: 435:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown ( 339:The campus is located at the intersection of 751:Educational institutions established in 1968 558: 556: 511:. Greenville, Mississippi. November 8, 1973 483: 481: 479: 477: 329:Midsouth Association of Independent Schools 206:Midsouth Association of Independent Schools 687: 553: 474: 388:National Center for Education Statistics 625: 619: 412: 323:In 1999 a white supremacist group, the 14: 733: 569:- Court of Appeals, 5th Circuit (1975) 449: 377: 375: 373: 224:https://www.calhounacademycougars.org 746:Segregation academies in Mississippi 626:Beirich, Heidi (January 10, 2011) . 494:- Dist. Court, ND Mississippi (1973) 741:Private K–12 schools in Mississippi 443: 370: 24: 756:1968 establishments in Mississippi 497: 25: 767: 284:Calhoun County board of education 415:"Public domain, private options" 325:Council of Conservative Citizens 38: 713: 666: 641: 604: 458:University Press of Mississippi 393:Institute of Education Sciences 354: 346: 572: 538: 523: 406: 13: 1: 549:. August 18, 1970. p. 1. 413:Spencer, Mack (17 May 2004). 363: 649:"2013-2014 Student Handbook" 505:"US judge rules on teachers" 314:5th Circuit Court of Appeals 234:(CA) is a private school in 7: 450:Bolton, Charles C. (2005). 10: 772: 519:– via newspapers.co. 249: 245: 695:"Private School Universe" 334: 219: 211: 201: 191: 183: 175: 167: 154: 146: 138: 128: 123: 84: 58: 54: 49: 37: 32: 535:Miss. LJ 45 (1974): 953. 456:. Jackson, Mississippi: 307:. District court Judge 108:33.914434°N 89.3259218°W 653:Calhoun Academy Cougars 453:The Hardest Deal of All 238:, founded in 1968 as a 44:Calhoun Academy in 1984 697:. NCES. Archived from 293:freedom of association 271: 236:Pittsboro, Mississippi 113:33.914434; -89.3259218 263:William Colbert Keady 255: 250:Further information: 701:on November 30, 2018 547:Hattiesburg American 509:Delta Democrat-Times 297:Fourteenth Amendment 240:segregation academy 104: /  584:The New York Times 343:and Academy Road. 171:Donald Pendergrast 229: 228: 60:9 County Road 406 16:(Redirected from 763: 725: 724: 717: 711: 710: 708: 706: 691: 685: 684: 682: 680: 670: 664: 663: 661: 659: 645: 639: 638: 636: 634: 623: 617: 608: 602: 601: 599: 598: 576: 570: 560: 551: 550: 542: 536: 527: 521: 520: 518: 516: 501: 495: 492:365 F. Supp. 855 485: 472: 471: 447: 441: 440: 434: 426: 424: 422: 410: 404: 403: 401: 399: 379: 305:equal protection 269: 119: 118: 116: 115: 114: 109: 105: 102: 101: 100: 97: 42: 30: 29: 21: 771: 770: 766: 765: 764: 762: 761: 760: 731: 730: 729: 728: 719: 718: 714: 704: 702: 693: 692: 688: 678: 676: 672: 671: 667: 657: 655: 647: 646: 642: 632: 630: 624: 620: 609: 605: 596: 594: 578: 577: 573: 561: 554: 544: 543: 539: 528: 524: 514: 512: 503: 502: 498: 486: 475: 468: 448: 444: 428: 427: 420: 418: 411: 407: 397: 395: 381: 380: 371: 366: 357: 349: 337: 289:First Amendment 270: 261: 254: 248: 232:Calhoun Academy 187:105 (2018) 150:Segregationists 112: 110: 106: 103: 98: 95: 93: 91: 90: 80: 77: 76: 73: 67: 62: 61: 45: 33:Calhoun Academy 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 769: 759: 758: 753: 748: 743: 727: 726: 712: 686: 665: 640: 618: 611:Cook v. Hudson 603: 586:. 1976-12-08. 571: 563:Cook v. Hudson 552: 537: 522: 496: 488:Cook v. Hudson 473: 466: 442: 405: 368: 367: 365: 362: 356: 353: 348: 345: 336: 333: 267:Cook v. Hudson 259: 247: 244: 227: 226: 221: 217: 216: 213: 209: 208: 203: 199: 198: 195: 189: 188: 185: 181: 180: 177: 173: 172: 169: 165: 164: 159: 152: 151: 148: 144: 143: 140: 136: 135: 130: 126: 125: 121: 120: 88: 82: 81: 78: 74: 69: 63: 59: 56: 55: 52: 51: 47: 46: 43: 35: 34: 26: 18:Cook v. Hudson 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 768: 757: 754: 752: 749: 747: 744: 742: 739: 738: 736: 722: 716: 700: 696: 690: 675: 669: 654: 650: 644: 629: 622: 615: 612: 607: 593: 589: 585: 581: 575: 568: 567:511 F. 2d 744 564: 559: 557: 548: 541: 534: 533: 526: 510: 506: 500: 493: 489: 484: 482: 480: 478: 469: 467:9781578067176 463: 459: 455: 454: 446: 438: 432: 416: 409: 394: 390: 389: 384: 378: 376: 374: 369: 361: 352: 344: 342: 332: 330: 326: 321: 319: 318:Supreme Court 315: 310: 309:William Keady 306: 302: 298: 294: 290: 285: 282:In 1972, the 280: 277: 273: 268: 264: 258: 253: 243: 241: 237: 233: 225: 222: 218: 214: 210: 207: 204: 202:Accreditation 200: 196: 194: 190: 186: 182: 178: 174: 170: 166: 163: 160: 157: 153: 149: 145: 141: 137: 134: 131: 127: 122: 117: 89: 87: 83: 79:United States 72: 66: 57: 53: 48: 41: 36: 31: 19: 715: 703:. Retrieved 699:the original 689: 677:. Retrieved 668: 656:. Retrieved 652: 643: 631:. Retrieved 621: 614:429 U.S. 165 610: 606: 595:. Retrieved 583: 574: 562: 546: 540: 530: 525: 513:. Retrieved 508: 499: 487: 451: 445: 419:. Retrieved 408: 396:. Retrieved 386: 358: 355:Demographics 350: 347:Drug testing 338: 322: 281: 278: 274: 272: 266: 256: 231: 230: 705:29 November 679:13 November 658:14 November 421:11 November 398:December 8, 301:due process 212:Affiliation 139:Established 124:Information 111: / 86:Coordinates 71:Mississippi 735:Categories 674:"Students" 633:8 December 597:2017-11-14 364:References 299:rights to 184:Enrollment 168:Headmaster 99:89°19′33″W 96:33°54′52″N 592:0362-4331 341:Highway 9 291:right to 158:School ID 65:Pittsboro 431:cite web 260:—  193:Nickname 162:A9303329 147:Founders 246:History 220:Website 215:Baptist 197:Cougars 133:Private 50:Address 616:(1976) 590:  515:10 May 464:  335:Campus 316:. The 176:Grades 179:PK-12 75:38916 707:2018 681:2017 660:2017 635:2021 588:ISSN 517:2020 462:ISBN 437:link 423:2017 400:2021 303:and 295:and 156:NCES 142:1968 129:Type 737:: 651:. 582:. 565:, 555:^ 507:. 490:, 476:^ 460:. 433:}} 429:{{ 391:. 385:. 372:^ 265:, 242:. 68:, 723:. 709:. 683:. 662:. 637:. 600:. 470:. 439:) 425:. 402:. 20:)

Index

Cook v. Hudson

Pittsboro
Mississippi
Coordinates
33°54′52″N 89°19′33″W / 33.914434°N 89.3259218°W / 33.914434; -89.3259218
Private
NCES
A9303329
Nickname
Midsouth Association of Independent Schools
https://www.calhounacademycougars.org
Pittsboro, Mississippi
segregation academy
Education segregation in the Mississippi Red Clay region
William Colbert Keady
Calhoun County board of education
First Amendment
freedom of association
Fourteenth Amendment
due process
equal protection
William Keady
5th Circuit Court of Appeals
Supreme Court
Council of Conservative Citizens
Midsouth Association of Independent Schools
Highway 9

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