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1501:, was dismissed for "telling a radio station that Roca deserved praise for putting Indians to flight and opening Argentina's frontier to European settlers". Argentine news sources, however, report Juan José Cresto lost his job for being abusive and violent towards employees and Beatriz Horn was dismissed due primarily to her praise for the military dictator
594:, but found it difficult to escape as the animals slowed their march. They had to confront the patrolling units that followed them. As the war continued, some Indians eventually signed peace treaties and settled among the "Christians" behind the lines of forts. Some tribes allied with the Argentine government, being neutral or, less often, fighting for the
1865:"para la colonizaciĂłn el fondo del paĂs, se hizo un raid contra estos pobres inofensivos hijos de la naturaleza y muchas tribus fueron borradas de la existencia. Los argentinos dejaron sueltos los perros de la guerra contra ellos; muchos fueron muertos y el resto âhombres, mujeres y niños- fueron deportados por mar"
607:
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alleged in 2011 that two education officials lost their jobs due to the controversy concerning the
Conquest of the Desert: It reported that Juan José Cresto was forced to resign as a director of the Argentine National Historical Museum because he "said the Indians were violent parasites who attacked
437:
After
Argentina achieved independence in 1816, the provinces had numerous political conflicts. Once these were settled, the government wanted to occupy quickly the lands claimed by the young republic (in part to prevent Chile from enforcing its claim to the same land). It also wanted to increase the
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moved in and developed the lands through irrigation for agriculture, converting the territory into an extremely productive area that contributed to the status of
Argentina as a great exporter of agricultural products during the early 20th century. The conquest was paralleled by a similar campaign in
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Apologists perceive the campaign as intending to conquer specifically those
Indigenous groups who refused to submit to Argentine law and frequently performed brutal attacks on frontier civilian settlements. In these attacks, the Natives stole many horses and cattle, killed settlers defending their
771:
On 17 February 1883, Lieutenant-Colonel Juan DĂaz, commanding a 16-man
Argentine infantry detachment, was trailing a war party of 100 to 150 Indians. Upon reaching PulmarĂ Valley, they were surrounded by the Indians and about 50 Chilean soldiers. Much outnumbered, the Argentine soldiers skillfully
767:
To counteract the
Argentine conquest of Patagonia, the Chileans supplied arms, ammunition and horses to their Indian allies the Mapuches. On 16 January 1883, a 10-man section of a platoon of the Argentine Army in pursuit of a large Indian war party, ran into an ambush in the PulmarĂ Valley set by
1480:"for the colonisation of the bottom of the country, a raid was made against these poor harmless children of nature, and many tribes were wiped out of existence. The Argentines let loose the dogs of war against them; many were killed and the rest - men, women and children - were deported by sea".
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and traded them for goods. The historian George V. Rauch notes evidence that
Chilean authorities knew about the origin of the cattle and consented to the trading in order to strengthen their influence over Patagonian territories. They expected eventually to occupy those lands in the future.
405:
raising. This use displaced most of the animals hunted traditionally by the natives and they struggled to survive. The
Indians fought those in the towns, raiding many cattle and horses that altered Native homelands. In retaliation, the Spanish colonists built forts and performed attacks.
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Our self-respect as a virile people obliges us to put down as soon as possible, by reason or by force, this handful of savages who destroy our wealth and prevent us from definitely occupying, in the name of law, progress and our own security, the richest and most fertile lands of the
1847:. Quote: "It is this sudden acceleration, this abrupt change from the discourse of 'defensive warfare' and 'merciful civilization' to that of 'offensive warfare' and of genocide, which is perhaps the most distinctive mark of the literature of the Argentine frontier."
429:
was the boundary between the civilizations. Due to land loss and environmental devastation caused by cattle, many
Indians were forced to abandon their tribes to work on the farms. Some assimilated or intermarried with the caucasian population. The mixed race
725:). The campaign continued to push the Indian resistance further south, fighting the last battle on 18 October 1884. The last rebel group, with more than 3,000 warriors commanded by chieftains Inacayal and Foyel, surrendered two months later in present
1476:. First-hand accounts state that Argentine troops killed prisoners and committed "mass executions". The 15,000 Natives taken captive "became servants or prisoners and were prevented from having children." The Argentine Republic in
69:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge.
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outfought their attackers, including a bayonet charge mounted by the
Chilean detachment. On 21 February 1883, according to Argentine Army Major Manuel Prado, 150-200 Indians armed with Winchesters and
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had to cross the Andes and establish livestock operations. As a result, a number of Chilean-owned companies were established in Argentina. They imported workers from Chile, mostly people from the
587:("trench of Alsina"). It was supposed to be a fortified border to the unconquered territories. Three metres wide and two metres deep, it served as an obstacle to cattle drives by the Indians.
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rifles attacked an Argentine Army detachment operating on the Argentine-Chilean border. In a four-hour engagement, 22 Argentine soldiers were killed or wounded at a cost of some 100 warriors.
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1508:
During recent years, Mapuche activist groups and other activist organizations have criticised the representation of Roca in official state imagery. A statue of Roca in the civic center of
598:. In return, they were granted periodical shipments of cattle and food. After Alsina died in 1877, Julio Argentino Roca was appointed Minister of War, and decided to change the strategy.
576:, and other towns and farms. The casualties were greater than in 1872: Catriel and NamuncurĂĄ's forces killed 400 settlers, captured another 300, and drove off 300,000 head of cattle.
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Numerous armed encounters would follow, until by December 1878, more than 4,000 Indians had been captured and 400 killed, 150 settlers freed, and 15,000 head of cattle recovered.
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Chilean soldiers. In the engagement that followed, Argentine Captain Emilio Crouzeilles, along with Lieutenant Nicolas Lazcano and several privates, were killed.
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in two months, after killing 1,313 Indians and capturing more than 15,000. From other points, southbound companies made their way down to the Rio Negro and the
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clashed with a native war party at the Lihué Calel heights. In a brief but intense battle, 50 Indians were killed, 270 captured, and 33 settlers were freed.
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500:. They killed 300 settlers and drove off 200,000 head of cattle. These events were a catalyst for the government to mount the Conquest of the Desert.
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region coordinated offensives to try to exterminate the resistant indigenous tribes, but only Rosas's expedition achieved some success. By this time
72:
Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
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553:, presented the government with a plan which he later described as having the goal "to populate the desert, and not to destroy the Indians."
1763:"Relaciones de dependencia entre trabajadores y empresas chilenas situadas en el extranjero. San Carlos de Bariloche, Argentina (1895-1920)"
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1765:[Dependence Relationships between Workers and Chilean Companies located abroad. San Car-los de Bariloche, Argentina (1895-1920)].
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by continuous and systematic attacks on the Indian settlements. On 6 December 1878, elements of the PuĂĄn Division commanded by Colonel
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dividing the colonial farms and the Indian territories gradually moved outwards from Buenos Aires. At the end of the 18th century, the
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Juan José Catriel. But he violated it a brief time later, as together with chieftain Manuel Namuncurå and 3,500 warriors, he attacked
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Literary scholar Jens Andermann has noted that contemporary sources on the campaign conclude that the Conquest was intended by the
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The Argentine Military and the Boundary Dispute With Chile, 1870-1902, George V. Rauch, p. 45, Greenwood Publishing Group, 1999
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401:(also known as the Pampas). Spaniards had purchased the Buenos Aires hinterland from the local Indians to be used for
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Content in this edit is translated from the existing Spanish Knowledge article at ]; see its history for attribution.
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on his way south to protect the conquered territories. He also constructed the 374 km long trench named the
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Many European-Argentinian settlements were built in the basin of these two rivers, as well as a number on the
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At the end of 1878 he started the first sweep to "clean" the area between the Alsina trench and the
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believed that the only solution against the Indian threat was to extinguish, subdue or expel them.
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The Indians continued taking cattle from farms in the Buenos Aires Province and south of the
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in 1845, which threatened the Argentine claims in Patagonia. Later in 1861, Chile began the
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is a frequent site for protests and graffiti by local Amerindian activist organizations.
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trade with indigenous communities east of the Andes. This meant the leather merchants in
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The Hispanic American Historical Review, Vol. 15, No. 2 (May, 1935), pp. 195â228
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337:. The Conquest of the Desert extended Argentine territories into Patagonia and ended
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national agricultural production and offer new lands to prospective immigrants.
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as soon as possible, and ordered a campaign during 1881 commanded by Colonel
560:(fortresses) with telegraph lines. The government signed a peace treaty with
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during the 1870s and 1880s with the intention of establishing dominance over
667:. This attack resulted in a large migration of Mapuche into the zone around
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2013:"Protesta mapuche: cubren con un "kultrĂșn" la estatua de Roca en Bariloche"
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During the 1880s the Argentine advances effectively disrupted Chileans and
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2064:"Effective occupation of the Patagonic region by the Argentine government"
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during the 16th century resulted in the first confrontations between the
1863:(in Spanish). Academia Nacional de la Historia (Argentina). p. 95.
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Map of the advance of the Argentina frontier until the establishment of
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to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
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1820:
The Argentine Military and the Boundary Dispute With Chile, 1870-1902,
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The Argentine Military and the Boundary Dispute With Chile, 1870-1902,
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706:. He thought it was imperative to conquer the territory south of the
682:. By sea, some settlements were erected on the southern basin of the
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1808:
Historia de las misiones salesianas en La Pampa, RepĂșblica Argentina
1572:"Mano a mano con Bayer: "Roca restableciĂł la esclavitud en el paĂs""
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2125:(The War against the Indians), Editorial Claridad SA, Buenos Aires
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farms and kidnapped women" and Beatriz Horn, a history teacher in
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Alsina attacked the Indians, forcing them to retreat, and leaving
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Forts and fortlets in the Pampas before the Conquest of the Desert
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Argentine Literature and the 'Conquest of the Desert', 1872-1896
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1926:"Museo Histórico: hay polémica por el regreso del ex director"
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State Building and Political Movements in Argentina, 1860-1916
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Congresso nacional de Historia sobre la Conquista del desierto
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in Buenos Aires Province and other military commanders in the
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2107:: Argentina's Indigenous Peoples and the Battle for History (
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by Juan José Cresto, Osvaldo Bayer and others - ElOrtiba.org
2075:- Olimpiadas Nacionales de Contenidos Educativos en Internet
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1810:, Volume 1, Lorenzo Massa, p. 169, Editorial Don Bosco, 1967
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1988:"Pueblo Mapuche - Bs As: Quieren sacar el monumento a Roca"
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1798:
Nicholas Van der Bijl, David Aldea, p.29, Leo Cooper, 2003
1634:"Argentinian founding father recast as genocidal murderer"
1822:
George V. Rauch, p. 49, Greenwood Publishing Group, 1999
1615:
George V. Rauch, p. 47, Greenwood Publishing Group, 1999
651:, in 1879 General Roca began the second sweep, reaching
2055:"Economical consequences of the Conquest of the Desert"
1963:"En Bariloche buscan que se retire el monumento a Roca"
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and as a defense against attacks by the natives, while
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Annihilating Difference: The Anthropology of Genocide
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livestock, and captured women and children to become
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Roca was elected and succeeded NicolĂĄs Avellaneda as
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The first phase was to connect Buenos Aires and the
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The Indians drove the stolen cattle from the raids (
62:
469:in their central region. This indigenous tribe had
1767:Trashumante: Revista Americana de Historia Social
1608:
1606:
1604:
1552:Population history of American indigenous peoples
2671:
1906:Captive Women: Oblivion And Memory In Argentina,
434:developed from those who worked on the ranches.
2735:Genocide of indigenous peoples of South America
1760:
1692:The Argentine Military and the Boundary Dispute
1654:The Argentine Military and the Boundary Dispute
1601:
488:and his 6,000 warriors attacked the cities of
473:to the nomadic tribes on the east side of the
87:accompanying your translation by providing an
53:Click for important translation instructions.
45:expand this article with text translated from
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1445:
1756:
1754:
1830:
1828:
1796:5th Infantry Brigade in the Falklands 1982,
421:As more settlers developed properties, the
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2173:
2159:
1592:
1452:
1438:
16:1870sâ1884 Argentine campaign in Patagonia
2690:19th-century colonization of the Americas
2082:"La Guerra del Desierto", different views
1751:
1488:and/or forced brides of Indian warriors.
779:
1896:Erika Wittekind, p. 67, ABDO, 01/09/2011
1856:
1825:
605:
533:
521:
408:
397:and the local Indian tribes, mainly the
344:Argentine troops killed more than 1,000
99:{{Translated|es|Conquista del Desierto}}
1631:
1256:Population transfer in the Soviet Union
19:For the 1953 Jerusalem exhibition, see
2685:Military campaigns involving Argentina
2672:
1627:
1625:
1623:
1621:
751:established the trading post and shop
2154:
1666:"Reseña sobre la historia de Neuquén"
717:Within a year Villegas conquered the
517:
325:campaign directed mainly by General
27:
2143:effect on colonization in Patagonia
1618:
995:Pacific Northwest smallpox epidemic
647:With 6,000 soldiers armed with new
21:Conquest of the Desert (exhibition)
13:
2553:Kingdom of Araucania and Patagonia
2034:
1942:
1894:Argentina: Countries of the World,
1542:Kingdom of Araucania and Patagonia
879:Atrocities in the Congo Free State
601:
484:In 1872, the indigenous commander
389:and the foundation of the city of
357:. The Conquest is controversial:
14:
2751:
2705:Ethnic cleansing in South America
2450:FederaciĂłn Mapuche de Estudiantes
1969:(in European Spanish). 2004-10-13
1632:Carroll, Rory (13 January 2011).
762:
697:
471:strong language and cultural ties
201:Argentine annexation of Patagonia
2720:History of Argentina (1852â1880)
2654:
2653:
2221:
1582:from the original on 2021-06-24.
1419:Bibliography of genocide studies
1022:American Indian boarding schools
755:in 1895, from which the city of
610:The changing state of Argentina.
292:
281:
270:
216:
131:
32:
2043:"NicolĂĄs Avellaneda", biography
2005:
1980:
1955:
1936:
1918:
1899:
1887:
1870:
1850:
1813:
1801:
1789:
1761:Muñoz Sougarret, Jorge (2014).
1726:
1266:Swedification of SĂĄmi and Finns
649:breech-loading Remington rifles
2109:University of New Mexico Press
1845:Birkbeck, University of London
1709:University of California Press
1703:Quoted from: Kenneth M. Roth.
1697:
1684:
1659:
1646:
1586:
1564:
1468:government to exterminate the
1032:Great Plains smallpox epidemic
744:. It was in this context that
97:You may also add the template
1:
2460:Resistencia Ancestral Mapuche
2019:(in Spanish). 12 October 2017
1913:University of Minnesota Press
1742:â Ministry of Culture of the
1557:
1207:Vietnamese conquest of Champa
1012:Genocide in the United States
376:
2440:Consejo de Todas las Tierras
1251:Norwegianization of the SĂĄmi
978:Yanomami humanitarian crisis
961:Forced sterilization in Peru
350:Settlers of European descent
7:
2548:Desert Campaign (1833â1834)
2523:Araucanization of Patagonia
2445:Coordinadora Arauco-Malleco
2180:
2121:New edition: Manuel Prado:
1537:Occupation of the AraucanĂa
1532:Araucanization of Patagonia
1515:
1472:, and can be classified as
1414:Outline of genocide studies
1357: Canary Islands
1261:Russian conquest of Siberia
1160:Cultural genocide in Taiwan
1141:East, South, Southeast Asia
511:Rastrillada de los chilenos
477:, with whom they share the
10:
2756:
2114:Commandante Manuel Prado:
2105:The Conquest of the Desert
2103:Larson, Carolyne R. (ed).
2096:The Conquest of the Desert
1857:Canclini, Arnoldo (1980).
61:Machine translation, like
18:
2715:19th century in Argentina
2651:
2478:
2432:
2361:
2230:
2219:
2188:
1882:Stanford University Press
341:expansion in the region.
333:, inhabited primarily by
263:
209:
154:
130:
125:
47:the corresponding article
2740:Wars involving Argentina
1338:West Asia / North Africa
1303:Australian frontier wars
1177: of Hokkaido
2563:Occupation of AraucanĂa
2146:EncyclopĂŠdia Britannica
2066:- Universidad del CEMA
2057:- Universidad del CEMA
1773:: 74â95. Archived from
1389:Western Sahara conflict
1374: accusation
1367:Pacification of Algeria
1234: of Ireland
1108:Occupation of AraucanĂa
1098:Massacre of Salsipuedes
614:In contrast to Alsina,
509:) to Chile through the
463:occupation of AraucanĂa
355:Occupation of AraucanĂa
108:For more guidance, see
2710:Conflicts in Argentina
2695:19th-century conflicts
2680:Conquest of the Desert
2558:Conquest of the Desert
2543:Camino de los chilenos
2139:Conquest-of-the-Desert
2073:"Campaña del Desierto"
1733:"Poblamiento Pampeano"
1153:Chittagong Hill Tracts
946:Conquest of the Desert
780:Historical controversy
631:
628:Julio Argentino Roca,
611:
546:, Minister of War for
539:
531:
418:
319:Conquista del desierto
318:
311:Conquest of the Desert
264:Commanders and leaders
138:Conquest of the Desert
126:Conquest of the Desert
2455:Mapuche football team
1945:"Actualidad nacional"
1298:Genocide in Australia
1220:Europe and North Asia
1197:Sinicization of Tibet
1182:Lamey Island Massacre
1155: conflict
1069:Genocide in Venezuela
905: genocide
800:of indigenous peoples
620:
609:
537:
525:
412:
385:on the shores of the
110:Knowledge:Translation
81:copyright attribution
2433:Extant organizations
1675:, Government of the
1522:American Indian Wars
1424:Genocides in history
1372:Palestinian genocide
1232:Cromwellian conquest
1042:Osage Indian murders
1017:American Indian Wars
1007:Genocide in Paraguay
956:Fall of Tenochtitlan
616:Julio Argentino Roca
443:Juan Manuel de Rosas
327:Julio Argentino Roca
277:Julio Argentino Roca
147:Julio Argentino Roca
2498:Battle of the Maule
2303:RĂŒxafe (silverwork)
2094:Hasbrouck, Alfred.
1949:www.lagaceta.com.ar
1593:FĂ©lix Luna (1989).
1227:Circassian genocide
1175:Japanese annexation
1170:East Timor genocide
1081:Guatemalan genocide
1057:Sullivan Expedition
1052:Sand Creek massacre
1027:California genocide
1000:Residential schools
915:Maji Maji Rebellion
859:Indigenous response
849:Settler colonialism
830:Forced assimilation
494:Veinticinco de Mayo
381:The arrival of the
2725:1870s in Argentina
2123:La guerra al MalĂłn
2116:La guerra al MalĂłn
1738:2005-12-27 at the
1671:2006-05-01 at the
1313:Stolen Generations
1192:Ryukyu Disposition
1148:Bandanese massacre
990:Beothuk extinction
985:Genocide in Canada
973:Genocide in Brazil
890:Effacer le tableau
872:Sub-Saharan Africa
742:Chiloé Archipelago
612:
551:NicolĂĄs Avellaneda
540:
532:
419:
413:Mapuches during a
363:civilising mission
335:indigenous peoples
323:Argentine military
145:(fragment showing
142:Juan Manuel Blanes
89:interlanguage link
2730:1875 in Argentina
2667:
2666:
2647:
2646:
2624:Las Canoas (1793)
2470:WeichĂĄn Auka Mapu
2131:978-950-620-206-4
1884:, 2002, pp. 93-94
1744:la Pampa Province
1527:Selk'nam genocide
1503:Leopoldo Galtieri
1499:La Pampa Province
1470:indigenous tribes
1462:
1461:
1350:Bar Kokhba revolt
1345:Armenian genocide
1118:Selk'nam genocide
1113:Putumayo genocide
1086:Kalinago genocide
749:Carlos Weiderhold
518:Alsina's campaign
383:Spanish colonists
361:describe it as a
353:Chile termed the
307:
306:
205:
204:
191:Argentine victory
121:
120:
54:
2747:
2657:
2656:
2579:
2578:
2573:Mapuche conflict
2503:Spanish invasion
2225:
2175:
2168:
2161:
2152:
2151:
2087:
2078:
2069:
2060:
2051:
2028:
2027:
2025:
2024:
2009:
2003:
2002:
2000:
1999:
1992:Barilochense.com
1984:
1978:
1977:
1975:
1974:
1967:Diario RĂo Negro
1959:
1953:
1952:
1940:
1934:
1933:
1932:. 25 March 2002.
1922:
1916:
1903:
1897:
1891:
1885:
1874:
1868:
1867:
1854:
1848:
1832:
1823:
1817:
1811:
1805:
1799:
1793:
1787:
1786:
1784:
1782:
1758:
1749:
1748:
1730:
1724:
1721:
1712:
1711:, 2002. Page 45.
1701:
1695:
1688:
1682:
1681:
1677:Neuquén Province
1663:
1657:
1650:
1644:
1643:
1629:
1616:
1610:
1599:
1598:
1590:
1584:
1583:
1568:
1547:NapalpĂ massacre
1454:
1447:
1440:
1373:
1356:
1320:Moriori genocide
1233:
1176:
1165:Dzungar genocide
1154:
1103:NapalpĂ massacre
937:
904:
825:Ethnic relations
820:Ethnic cleansing
801:
784:
783:
721:(he reached the
719:Neuquén Province
712:Conrado Villegas
629:
592:Mendoza Province
303:Manuel NamuncurĂĄ
299:Conrado Villegas
297:
296:
295:
286:
285:
284:
275:
274:
273:
222:
220:
219:
156:
155:
135:
123:
122:
100:
94:
67:Google Translate
52:
36:
35:
28:
2755:
2754:
2750:
2749:
2748:
2746:
2745:
2744:
2670:
2669:
2668:
2663:
2643:
2577:
2538:Guerra a muerte
2474:
2428:
2357:
2226:
2217:
2184:
2179:
2085:
2076:
2067:
2058:
2049:
2037:
2035:Further reading
2032:
2031:
2022:
2020:
2011:
2010:
2006:
1997:
1995:
1986:
1985:
1981:
1972:
1970:
1961:
1960:
1956:
1941:
1937:
1924:
1923:
1919:
1904:
1900:
1892:
1888:
1875:
1871:
1855:
1851:
1835:Andermann, Jens
1833:
1826:
1818:
1814:
1806:
1802:
1794:
1790:
1780:
1778:
1777:on 25 July 2014
1759:
1752:
1746:
1740:Wayback Machine
1731:
1727:
1722:
1715:
1702:
1698:
1689:
1685:
1679:
1673:Wayback Machine
1664:
1660:
1651:
1647:
1630:
1619:
1611:
1602:
1591:
1587:
1570:
1569:
1565:
1560:
1518:
1458:
1429:
1428:
1409:
1408:
1399:
1398:
1394:Yazidi genocide
1362:Libyan genocide
1355:Conquest of the
1340:
1339:
1330:
1329:
1288:
1287:
1278:
1277:
1240:Generalplan Ost
1222:
1221:
1212:
1211:
1143:
1142:
1133:
1132:
941:
940:
935:
925:
924:
903:Herero and Nama
884:Darfur genocide
874:
873:
799:
797:
782:
765:
727:Chubut Province
700:
688:Welsh colonists
630:
627:
604:
602:Roca's campaign
585:zanja de Alsina
528:zanja de Alsina
520:
459:Magellan Strait
387:RĂo de la Plata
379:
293:
291:
290:
282:
280:
279:
271:
269:
226:
217:
215:
197:
183:
149:, at the front)
136:
117:
116:
115:
98:
92:
55:
37:
33:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2753:
2743:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2727:
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2717:
2712:
2707:
2702:
2697:
2692:
2687:
2682:
2665:
2664:
2652:
2649:
2648:
2645:
2644:
2642:
2641:
2639:Coz Coz (1907)
2636:
2631:
2629:Tapihue (1825)
2626:
2621:
2619:Negrete (1793)
2616:
2614:Negrete (1726)
2611:
2609:Malloco (1671)
2606:
2601:
2599:QuillĂn (1647)
2596:
2594:QuillĂn (1641)
2591:
2589:PaicavĂ (1612)
2585:
2583:
2576:
2575:
2570:
2565:
2560:
2555:
2550:
2545:
2540:
2535:
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2525:
2520:
2515:
2510:
2505:
2500:
2495:
2490:
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2482:
2476:
2475:
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2472:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2436:
2434:
2430:
2429:
2427:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2371:
2365:
2363:
2362:Related groups
2359:
2358:
2356:
2355:
2350:
2345:
2340:
2335:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2295:
2290:
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2265:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2245:
2240:
2234:
2232:
2228:
2227:
2220:
2218:
2216:
2215:
2210:
2209:
2208:
2198:
2192:
2190:
2186:
2185:
2178:
2177:
2170:
2163:
2155:
2149:
2148:
2135:
2134:
2133:
2112:
2101:
2091:
2090:
2089:
2088:
2079:
2070:
2061:
2052:
2036:
2033:
2030:
2029:
2017:www.clarin.com
2004:
1979:
1954:
1935:
1930:www.clarin.com
1917:
1898:
1886:
1869:
1849:
1824:
1812:
1800:
1788:
1769:(in Spanish).
1750:
1725:
1713:
1696:
1690:Rauch (1999),
1683:
1658:
1652:Rauch (1999),
1645:
1617:
1600:
1585:
1576:Diario Jornada
1562:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1555:
1554:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1534:
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1514:
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1457:
1456:
1449:
1442:
1434:
1431:
1430:
1427:
1426:
1421:
1416:
1410:
1407:Related topics
1406:
1405:
1404:
1401:
1400:
1397:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1352:
1347:
1341:
1337:
1336:
1335:
1332:
1331:
1328:
1327:
1325:Papua conflict
1322:
1317:
1316:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1295:
1289:
1285:
1284:
1283:
1280:
1279:
1276:
1275:
1268:
1263:
1258:
1253:
1248:
1246:Greek genocide
1243:
1236:
1229:
1223:
1219:
1218:
1217:
1214:
1213:
1210:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1194:
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1162:
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1139:
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1135:
1134:
1131:
1130:
1128:TaĂno genocide
1125:
1120:
1115:
1110:
1105:
1100:
1095:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1077:
1076:
1074:Pemon conflict
1066:
1065:
1064:
1062:Trail of Tears
1059:
1054:
1049:
1044:
1039:
1037:Indian removal
1034:
1029:
1024:
1019:
1009:
1004:
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893:
886:
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871:
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863:
862:
861:
856:
846:
844:Historiography
841:
836:
827:
822:
817:
809:
808:
804:
803:
793:
792:
781:
778:
764:
763:Border clashes
761:
746:German Chilean
738:Southern Chile
734:German Chilean
699:
698:Final campaign
696:
665:Atlantic Ocean
639:Teodoro GarcĂa
625:
603:
600:
596:Argentine Army
519:
516:
498:Nueve de Julio
490:General Alvear
378:
375:
305:
304:
301:
288:Teodoro GarcĂa
266:
265:
261:
260:
259:
258:
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235:
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185:
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170:
168:
164:
163:
160:
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128:
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114:
113:
106:
95:
73:
70:
59:
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42:
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40:
38:
31:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2752:
2741:
2738:
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2718:
2716:
2713:
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2683:
2681:
2678:
2677:
2675:
2662:
2661:
2650:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2634:Toltén (1869)
2632:
2630:
2627:
2625:
2622:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2605:
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2600:
2597:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2587:
2586:
2584:
2580:
2574:
2571:
2569:
2568:1881 uprising
2566:
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2561:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2546:
2544:
2541:
2539:
2536:
2534:
2533:1766 uprising
2531:
2529:
2528:1723 uprising
2526:
2524:
2521:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2496:
2494:
2493:Inca invasion
2491:
2489:
2486:
2485:
2483:
2481:
2477:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
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2441:
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2412:
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2400:
2397:
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2377:
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2256:
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2251:
2249:
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2239:
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2233:
2229:
2224:
2214:
2211:
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2203:
2202:
2199:
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2176:
2171:
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2164:
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2157:
2156:
2153:
2147:
2144:
2140:
2136:
2132:
2128:
2124:
2120:
2119:
2117:
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2110:
2106:
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2100:
2097:
2093:
2092:
2083:
2080:
2074:
2071:
2065:
2062:
2056:
2053:
2048:
2044:
2041:
2040:
2039:
2038:
2018:
2014:
2008:
1993:
1989:
1983:
1968:
1964:
1958:
1950:
1946:
1939:
1931:
1927:
1921:
1914:
1910:
1909:Susana Rotker
1907:
1902:
1895:
1890:
1883:
1879:
1876:Rock, David.
1873:
1866:
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1511:
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1412:
1411:
1403:
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1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1379:
1378:Gaza genocide
1375:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1360:
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1353:
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1348:
1346:
1343:
1342:
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837:
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774:MartiniâHenry
769:
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657:Neuquén River
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586:
582:
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571:
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552:
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544:Adolfo Alsina
536:
529:
524:
515:
512:
508:
507:
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499:
495:
491:
487:
482:
480:
479:same language
476:
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328:
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257:
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96:
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86:
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68:
64:
60:
58:
57:
50:
48:
43:You can help
39:
30:
29:
26:
22:
2658:
2604:Boroa (1651)
2557:
2122:
2115:
2098:
2086:(in Spanish)
2077:(in Spanish)
2068:(in Spanish)
2059:(in Spanish)
2050:(in Spanish)
2047:Felipe Pigna
2021:. Retrieved
2016:
2007:
1996:. Retrieved
1994:(in Spanish)
1991:
1982:
1971:. Retrieved
1966:
1957:
1948:
1943:Gaceta, La.
1938:
1929:
1920:
1905:
1901:
1893:
1889:
1877:
1872:
1864:
1859:
1852:
1839:
1819:
1815:
1807:
1803:
1795:
1791:
1779:. Retrieved
1775:the original
1770:
1766:
1747:(in Spanish)
1728:
1704:
1699:
1691:
1686:
1680:(in Spanish)
1661:
1653:
1648:
1639:The Guardian
1637:
1612:
1594:
1588:
1575:
1566:
1507:
1493:The Guardian
1491:
1490:
1482:
1463:
1293:Blackbirding
1270:
1238:
1202:SĆshi-kaimei
1090:
945:
895:
888:
832: /
770:
766:
752:
731:
716:
701:
686:, mainly by
684:Chubut River
680:Rio Colorado
677:
653:Choele Choel
646:
643:
632:
621:
613:
589:
580:
578:
566:Tres Arroyos
557:
555:
541:
504:
502:
483:
455:Punta Arenas
453:had founded
440:
436:
427:Salado River
420:
391:Buenos Aires
380:
367:revisionists
343:
310:
308:
237:
210:Belligerents
162:1870s â 1884
144:
137:
85:edit summary
76:
44:
25:
2582:Parliaments
2465:Wallmapuwen
2343:We Tripantu
1123:Spiral case
951:Enslavement
897:Gukurahundi
759:developed.
723:Limay River
369:label it a
196:Territorial
2674:Categories
2508:Arauco War
2399:Promaucaes
2238:Aillarehue
2206:Placenames
2201:Mapudungun
2023:2020-04-13
1998:2020-04-13
1973:2020-04-13
1558:References
1092:La Matanza
1047:Pequot War
966:Plan Verde
933:Americas (
834:conversion
753:La Alemana
669:Curarrehue
377:Background
359:apologists
256:Pehuenches
251:Tehuelches
49:in Spanish
2424:Tehuelche
2394:Pehuenche
2384:Mapochoes
2379:Huilliche
2283:Mythology
2248:Chemamull
2243:Butalmapu
2213:TsesungĂșn
2196:Huilliche
1911:, p. 32,
1781:3 January
1510:Bariloche
1478:Patagonia
1466:Argentine
1308:Black War
1187:Manchukuo
757:Bariloche
708:Rio Negro
704:president
675:, Chile.
635:Rio Negro
623:Republic.
562:chieftain
548:President
542:In 1875,
486:CalfucurĂĄ
441:In 1833,
331:Patagonia
321:) was an
246:Ranqueles
232:Tehuelche
224:Argentina
176:Patagonia
103:talk page
2660:Category
2409:Picunche
2369:Boroanos
2348:Wenufoye
2333:Weichafe
2313:Textiles
2308:Religion
2288:Polygamy
2278:Military
2273:Medicine
2189:Language
2111:, 2020).
1736:Archived
1669:Archived
1595:Soy Roca
1580:Archived
1578:. 2014.
1516:See also
1474:genocide
1272:Vergonha
854:Genocide
798:Genocide
789:a series
787:Part of
692:y Wladfa
626:â
581:fortines
558:fortines
423:frontier
399:QuerandĂ
371:genocide
346:Mapuches
172:Puelmapu
167:Location
79:provide
2700:Mapuche
2513:Slavery
2480:History
2419:Ranquel
2404:Puelche
2389:Moluche
2353:WĂŒnelfe
2231:Culture
2182:Mapuche
2137:Staff,
1694:, p. 42
1656:, p. 43
1286:Oceania
936:history
920:Mfecane
815:Ecocide
663:to the
506:malones
467:Mapuche
432:gauchos
395:Spanish
339:Chilean
315:Spanish
241:tribes
239:Mapuche
228:Mapuche
198:changes
101:to the
83:in the
2488:Origin
2374:Cuncos
2338:Werkén
2129:
1915:, 2002
1486:slaves
839:Denial
807:Issues
570:Tandil
403:cattle
234:allies
221:
188:Result
180:Pampas
2518:MalĂłn
2328:Wampu
2323:Ulmen
2293:Rehue
2268:Machi
2263:Lonko
2253:Kalku
2118:1907
1384:Sayfo
910:Ikiza
673:PucĂłn
661:Andes
475:Andes
451:Chile
417:raid.
415:malĂłn
140:, by
63:DeepL
2414:Poya
2318:Toki
2298:Ruka
2258:Kuel
2141:and
2127:ISBN
1783:2019
671:and
574:Azul
496:and
447:Cuyo
309:The
230:and
178:and
159:Date
77:must
75:You
2045:by
1837:.
690:at
457:in
65:or
51:.
2676::
2015:.
1990:.
1965:.
1947:.
1928:.
1880:.
1843:,
1827:^
1753:^
1716:^
1707:.
1636:.
1620:^
1603:^
1574:.
1505:.
791:on
729:.
714:.
694:.
572:,
568:,
492:,
481:.
373:.
317::
2174:e
2167:t
2160:v
2026:.
2001:.
1976:.
1951:.
1785:.
1771:3
1642:.
1597:.
1453:e
1446:t
1439:v
1380:)
1376:(
939:)
530:.
313:(
182:)
174:(
112:.
105:.
23:.
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