1396:
117:
3039:
793:
1865:
38:
3098:. The enduring sanctity of the mountain, the annual pilgrimage to its summit, and the solemn sacrifice of a white bull by the local people provide abundant evidence that the ancient cult of the sky-god on Mount Tomorr continues through the generations almost untouched by the course of political events and religious changes.
3126:, however, and abandoning many of the names of the other Proto-Indo-European gods, replacing them with new Slavic or Iranian names), while not replacing it with any other specific god, as a result of cultural contacts with Iranian peoples in the first millennium BC. Hence, after the process of demonization by the Slavs,
3450:) does not mean 'heaven' but either 'god' in general or the Sun-god. The Greek Zeus is king of the gods and the supreme power in the world, his influence extending everywhere and into most spheres of life. There is little reason, however, to think that the Indo-European Dyeus had any such importance."
692:) is also of contrast: the latter is portrayed as the vast and dark dwelling of mortals, located below the bright seat of the gods. According to Jackson however, as the thunder-god is frequently associated with the fructifying rains, she may be a more fitting partner of
783:
note however that "these functions are much too generic to support the supposition of a distinct PIE 'consort goddess' and many of the 'consorts' probably represent assimilations of earlier goddesses who may have had nothing to do with marriage."
632:
duo, but he was suited to serve at least as a witness to oaths and treaties. Proto-Indo-Europeans also visualized the sun as the "lamp of Dyēus" or the "eye of Dyēus", as seen in various reflexes: "the god's lamp" in
620:
is often described as "all-seeing" or "with wide vision" in Indo-European myths. It is unlikely however that he was in charge of the supervision of justice and righteousness, as it was the case for Zeus or the
684:, the Earth goddess, and described as uniting with her to ensure the growth and sustenance of terrestrial life; the earth becomes pregnant as the rain falls from the sky. The relationship between Father Sky (*
7265:
725:
displays a similar jealous and quarrelsome disposition under provocation. A second descendant may be found in Dia, a mortal said to unite with Zeus in a Greek myth. After the mating of Dia's husband
5162:, p. 167 n. 8: "But he does not seem to be the old Sky-god, and it is preferable to suppose that he once had another name, which came to be supplanted by the title 'God'."
3620:
603:
of Dyēus are storm deities, such as Zeus and
Jupiter, this is thought to be a late development exclusive to Mediterranean traditions, probably derived from syncretism with
202:
is considered by scholars the most securely reconstructed deity of the Indo-European pantheon, as identical formulas referring to him can be found among the subsequent
7272:
756:
dialect of Asia Minor. The reconstruction is however only based upon the Greek—and to a lesser extent the Vedic—tradition, and it remains therefore not secured.
5773:
6399:
Hackstein, Olav (2006). "La langue poétique indo-européenne: archaïsme et renouvellement dans les théonymes". In
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571:
was the Sky or Day conceived as a divine entity, and thus the dwelling of the gods, the Heaven. As the gateway to the deities and the father of both the
7498:
84:
6927:
Treimer, Karl (1971). "Zur Rückerschliessung der illyrischen Götterwelt und ihre
Bedeutung für die südslawische Philologie". In Henrik Barić (ed.).
3627:. Thames & Hudson. 1951), p. 197, says: '"the entirely shining" or the "entirely bright"— doubtless the brightness of nights of full moon.'
7294:
4669:, pp. 408–409, 582: "It is argued that the underlying meaning here is not oak but rather that the Norse and Baltic forms are from
3182:
recalls that the Slavs were also supposed to believe in a god in heaven, who only deals with heavenly matters and commands other gods.
1164:
5475:
4649:, pp. 167, 243: "The Albanian Perëndi 'Heaven', 'God', has been analysed as a compound of which the first element is related to
4172:
752:, possibly a feminine counterpart of Zeus attested in the second part of the 2nd millennium BC and which may have survived in the
263:
denoting the "diurnal sky" or the "brightness of the day" (in contrast to the darkness of the night), ultimately from the root *
7258:
6206:
6995:
6974:
6898:
6839:
6815:
6767:
6745:
6663:
6642:
6614:
6590:
6389:
6332:
6287:
6263:
6132:
6090:
5900:
5423:
5325:
5301:
5275:
5066:
5035:
4980:
4885:
4858:
4785:
4506:
3936:
3785:
3600:
7289:
6952:
6874:
6521:
6408:
6111:
4084:
6457:
Jackson, Peter (2002). "Light from
Distant Asterisks. Towards a Description of the Indo-European Religious Heritage".
7519:
6917:
6791:
6724:
6566:
6545:
6500:
6439:
6365:
6311:
6242:
6180:
6156:
6066:
5722:
5345:
4549:
4482:
5501:
MacLeod, Sharon Paice (1998). "Mater Deorum
Hibernensium: Identity and Cross-Correlation in Early Irish Mythology".
7208:
4036:
5633:
Carmina gadelica: hymns and incantations with illustrative notes on words, rites, and customs, dying and obsolete
6510:
Kim, Ronald I. (2017). "The
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6100:
Curtis, Matthew C. (2017). "The phonology of
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295:
referred to the vast and bright sky of the day conceived as a divine entity among Proto-Indo-European speakers.
7468:
3151:
1763:
6863:
Sakhno, Serguei (2017). "The dialectology of Slavic". In Klein, Jared; Joseph, Brian; Fritz, Matthias (eds.).
3018:
As the pantheons of the individual mythologies related to Proto-Indo-European religion evolved, attributes of
560:("Father Procreator") is also attested in the Vedic, Iranian, Greek, and perhaps the Roman ritual traditions.
7524:
7281:
4363:
Prsper, Blanca (1 July 2011). "The instrumental case in the thematic noun inflection of
Continental Celtic".
586:
158:
2565:), perhaps a word for a "good deity" which progressively took the meaning of "miracle", hence "evil being",
600:
595:
was associated with the bright and vast sky, but also to the cloudy weather in the Vedic and Greek formulas
318:
also had the meaning of "Heaven", whereas it denoted "god" in general (or the Sun-god in particular) in the
7534:
7341:
7336:
7319:
6058:
The Horse, the Wheel, and
Language: How Bronze-Age Riders from the Eurasian Steppes Shaped the Modern World
5270:. Cambridge Classical Studies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2016. pp. 148-149 (footnote nr. 92).
1426:
850:
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6401:
La langue poétique indo-européenne: actes du colloque de travail de la Société des études indo-européennes
5567:
Marx, Christian (2014). "Rectification of position data of
Scotland in Ptolemy's Geographike Hyphegesis".
3208:
2683:, attested in votive inscriptions of altars; taken to mean the "local" or "indigenous" pronunciations of
1983:
1913:
1467:
867:
7463:
6273:
3952:
Skelton, Christina (1 April 2017). "Greek-Anatolian Language Contact and the Settlement of Pamphylia".
168:
was conceived as a divine personification of the bright sky of the day and the seat of the gods, the
7130:
Archetypal Images in Greek Religion: 5. Zeus and Hera: Archetypal Image of Father, Husband, and Wife
7128:
Kerényi, Carl; Holme, Christopher (1975). "The Word 'Zeus' and its Synonyms, 'Theos' and 'Daimon'".
5747:
7453:
7309:
5058:
4316:
Witczak, Krzysztof Tomasz (30 June 1999). "On the Indo-European origin of two Lusitanian theonyms (
3167:
2473:
2469:
1146:
323:
63:
4710:
Lubotsky, Alexander M. (2004). "The Phrygian Zeus and the problem of the "Lautverschiebung"". In:
589:. He was however likely not their ruler or the holder of the supreme power like Zeus and Jupiter.
7448:
7371:
5787:
Encarnação, José d' (31 July 2020). "Testemunhos recentes de teónimos pré-romanos na Lusitânia".
3517:
2062:
1653:("sky") alongside the original structure "Father God". Some traditions have replaced the epithet
1632:
838:
276:
203:
4519:
4497:
Tatishvili, Irene. "Transformations of the Relationship between Hittite Kings and Deities". In:
1395:
6962:
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2123:
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7422:
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7488:
7366:
7217:
5767:
4214:
3592:
The Routledge Handbook of Greek Mythology: Based on H.J. Rose's "Handbook of Greek Mythology"
3442:(Dyéus) for 'heaven (Heaven)' In Anatolian the picture is a little different The reflex of
3081:
2793:
2358:
2234:
2159:
2024:
1817:
1744:
1602:
1496:
998:
211:
17:
7356:
7346:
3026:
was the chief god, while the etymological continuant of Dyēus became a very abstract god in
7529:
6353:
6172:
Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: Une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental
5586:
3810:
3236:
2660:
2376:
2275:
2077:, "God") that came to be associated with a specific deity whose original name is now lost,
1699:
1680:
5484:
1881:
820:
299:
184:
116:
8:
7351:
7203:
7145:
Kretschmer, Paul (1923). "Dyaus, Ζεὺς, Diespiter und die Abstrakta im Indogermanischen".
6375:
6142:
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Snorri Sturluson and the Edda: The Conversion of Cultural Capital in Medieval Scandinavia
4850:
The Cult of Kingship in Anglo-Saxon England: The Transition from Paganism to Christianity
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2602:
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2568:
2457:
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1897:
1552:
1400:
1035:
664:
517:
361:
141:
5590:
3814:
7361:
7238:
7191:
7183:
7154:
7133:
7116:
7081:
7060:
7031:
6849:
6701:
6600:
6474:
6445:
6197:. Leiden Studies in Indo-European (in German). Vol. 7. Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi.
6151:. Zeus: A Study in Ancient Religion. Vol. 3 (Part 2). Cambridge University Press.
6124:
Romanian Folklore and its Archaic Heritage: A cultural and Linguistic Comparative Study
5602:
5576:
5549:
5541:
5506:
5456:
4415:
4407:
4195:
4032:
3969:
3038:
2523:
2129:
1645:
Other reflexes are variants that have retained both linguistic descendants of the stem
1621:
604:
422:
207:
89:
6777:
5759:
3928:
Gods of Ancient Greece: Identities and Transformations: Identities and Transformations
3122:(abandoning this word in the sense of "heaven" at the same time, keeping the word for
3058:
to the Christian religion in antiquity, the presumable Albanian term for Sky-Father –
1208:
7331:
7195:
7120:
6991:
6970:
6948:
6913:
6894:
6870:
6835:
6831:
From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic: A Linguistic History of English: Volume I
6811:
6787:
6763:
6755:
6741:
6720:
6659:
6638:
6610:
6586:
6562:
6541:
6517:
6496:
6490:
6449:
6435:
6404:
6385:
6361:
6328:
6307:
6283:
6259:
6238:
6176:
6152:
6128:
6107:
6086:
6062:
5896:
5728:
5718:
5606:
5553:
5419:
5341:
5321:
5297:
5271:
5062:
5031:
4976:
4881:
4854:
4781:
4545:
4502:
4478:
4419:
4199:
4080:
4044:
3932:
3781:
3596:
3195:
2998:
2986:
2957:
2655:: Dživica, Slavic equivalent of Diana, however, other etymologies have been proposed.
2652:
2537:
2342:
2036:
1777:
1705:
1359:
1341:
1307:
1289:
1279:
1247:
1227:
945:
529:
341:
319:
311:
195:
While its existence is not directly attested by archaeological or written materials,
6215:
4337:
3801:
Ionescu, Doina; Dumitrache, Cristiana (2012). "The Sun Worship with the Romanians".
3778:
Magical Hymns from Roman Egypt: A Study of Greek and Egyptian Traditions of Divinity
3060:
1966:, as a result of a religious reformation that degraded the status of prior deities,
7175:
7106:
7052:
7023:
6693:
6628:
6576:
6531:
6466:
6427:
6166:
6052:
5792:
5755:
5598:
5594:
5533:
5448:
5095:
4470:
4399:
4372:
4333:
4187:
4153:
4124:
3961:
3758:
3399:
3201:
2991:
2781:
2584:
2512:
2449:
2437:
2332:
2091:
1993:
1804:
1584:
1156:
1089:
780:
764:
753:
718:
382:
375:
368:
7417:
7381:
7229:
Seebold, Elmar (1991). "Der Himmel, der Tag und die Götter bei den Indogermanen".
7056:
6148:
Zeus: Zeus, God of the Dark Sky (earthquakes, clouds, wind, dew, rain, meteorites)
4499:
Acts of the IXth International Congress of Hittitology (Çorum, 1–7 September 2014)
3231:'(sky) light', the word was reinterpreted in Anatolian to name a sun god, such as
7493:
7483:
7458:
7443:
7407:
7402:
7324:
7221:
6985:
6942:
6938:
6928:
6888:
6853:
6829:
6805:
6781:
6735:
6714:
6674:
6653:
6632:
6604:
6580:
6556:
6535:
6511:
6379:
6343:
6322:
6301:
6297:
6277:
6253:
6232:
6202:
6190:
6170:
6146:
6122:
6101:
6080:
6056:
5413:
5291:
5052:
5025:
4875:
4848:
4775:
4376:
4070:
3926:
3590:
3241:
3232:
3139:
3111:
3027:
2910:
2764:
2725:
2644:
2626:
2554:
2210:
2196:
1932:
1787:
1771:
1725:
1686:
1669:
1477:
1453:
1195:
1185:
1109:
927:
746:
540:
408:
7250:
6734:
Marold, Edith (1992). "Die Skaldendichtung als Quelle der Religionsgeschichte".
6655:
The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World
3022:
seem to have been redistributed to other deities. In Greek and Roman mythology,
679:
7473:
6486:
6348:. Pubblicazione del R. Istituto orientale di Napoli. Napoli: Achille Cimmaruta.
5452:
4462:
3143:
3115:
3069:
2618:
2592:
2499:
2324:
1963:
1829:
1576:
1419:("Father Dyēus") were inherited in the following liturgic and poetic traditions
1217:
1075:
919:
877:
656:
458:
438:
397:
350:
279:
revolving around the concepts of "day", "sky" and "deity" and sharing the root
7166:
Laroche, E. (January 1967). "Les Noms anatoliens du 'dieu' et leurs dérivés".
7137:
7111:
7094:
6470:
4474:
7513:
7478:
7014:
Hopkins, Grace Sturtevant (1932). "Indo-European *Deiwos and Related Words".
6801:
6624:
5100:
5083:
3965:
3762:
3404:
3387:
3175:
2837:
2759:
2751:
2417:
1439:
959:
796:
776:
705:
While Hausos and the Divine Twins are generally considered the offsprings of
622:
450:
415:
121:
53:
6276:(2017). "Messapic". In Klein, Jared; Joseph, Brian; Fritz, Matthias (eds.).
5732:
4244:
4242:
4240:
4238:
4236:
4234:
4232:
4191:
1115:
792:
7314:
6884:
6825:
6228:
5477:
The Brittonic Language in the Old North: A Guide to the Place-name Evidence
5117:"Maldelės į jauną mėnulį rytų Lietuvos folklore: etnolingvistinis aspektas"
5116:
4390:
Weinstock, Stefan (November 1960). "Two Archaic Inscriptions from Latium".
4157:
3524:
DPEWA - Digitales Philologisch-Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altalbanischen
3094:
3043:
2825:
2634:
2309:
2304:
2300:
2223:
1864:
1825:
1312:
976:
738:
572:
468:
392:
189:
73:
7072:
Cook, Arthur Bernard (1904). "Zeus, Jupiter, and the Oak. (Conclusion.)".
6431:
5746:
Fernandes, Luís da Silva; Carvalho, Pedro Sobral; Figueira, Nádia (2009).
3146:
3138:("demon"). The result of this demonization may be Pan-Slavic demons, e.g.
2864:
2510:
prayer ("The eye of the great God", in reference to the Sun), featured in
7376:
5712:
4229:
3710:
Green, Miranda J. (1990). "Pagan Celtic Religion: Archaeology and Myth".
3107:
3073:
2834:
2665:
2184:
2108:
1969:
1848:
1294:
1179:
1055:
939:
660:
7242:
7158:
7043:
Cook, Arthur Bernard (1905). "The European Sky-God. III: The Italians".
5752:
Palaeohispanica. Revista sobre lenguas y culturas de la Hispania Antigua
5510:
3973:
2048:
1169:
7438:
7187:
7064:
6984:
Wodtko, Dagmar S.; Irslinger, Britta Sofie; Schneider, Carolin (2008).
6478:
5796:
4728:"Two Bithynian Deities in the Old and New Phrygian Inscriptional Texts"
4559:
4557:
4520:"Current Archaeological and Epigraphic Research in the Region of Lydia"
4469:. Handbuch der Orientalistik. Vol. 1. Leiden: Brill. p. 224.
4129:
4116:
2785:
2281:
1626:
1272:
512:
386:
223:
154:
7085:
7035:
6705:
5545:
5460:
4411:
2452:
river names throughout Western Europe, such as in the Scottish rivers
1322:
5287:
3055:
3003:
2488:
2479:
2425:
2370:
2244:
1740:
1526:
1263:
1011:
733:, the spouse of Zeus, the story leads ultimately to the birth of the
709:
alone, some scholars have proposed a spouse-goddess reconstructed as
694:
634:
609:
429:
284:
235:
231:
227:
219:
7179:
6684:
Mann, Stuart E. (1952). "The Indo-European Consonants in Albanian".
6195:
Albanische Etymologien: Untersuchungen zum albanischen Erbwortschatz
4727:
4660:
4554:
3171:
2758:(δῖος), "belonging to heaven, godlike", also "belonging to Zeus" in
2047:("Little God" or "Prince"), a name used to refer to the Thunder God
1774:
sun-god loan, but the original structure of the formula left intact,
7027:
6697:
6424:
The Indo-European Language Family : A Phylogenetic Perspective
6016:
5581:
5537:
4715:
4403:
4303:. Chicago, Illinois: The University of Chicago Press. 1933. p. 203.
2901:("who is like the gods, protected by the gods"), with contraction *
2803:
2461:
2350:
2287:
1927:
1636:
1369:
329:("divine") is also attested in Latin, Greek and Sanskrit. The noun
239:
175:. Associated with the vast diurnal sky and with the fertile rains,
153:(lit. "father daylight-sky-god"), is the reconstructed name of the
6864:
5318:
Myth, Ritual, and the Warrior in Roman and Indo-European Antiquity
4524:
Collection de l'Institut des Sciences et Techniques de l'Antiquité
4465:(2003). "Aspects of Luwian Religion". In H. Craig Melchert (ed.).
3666:
3664:
3662:
3369:
3367:
3365:
3363:
2052:
7386:
6582:
Encyclopedia of Norse and Germanic Folklore, Mythology, and Magic
5483:. Vol. 2: Guide to the Elements. p. 139. Archived from
3925:
Bremmer, Jan N. (2010). Bremmer, Jan N.; Erskine, Andrew (eds.).
3361:
3359:
3357:
3355:
3353:
3351:
3349:
3347:
3345:
3343:
3179:
3089:
3047:
2813:
2388:
2314:
2293:
2147:
2096:
1949:
1809:
980:
897:
734:
643:
272:
6866:
Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics
6513:
Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics
6279:
Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics
6103:
Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics
6004:
5968:
5378:
5376:
5374:
5372:
4115:
Chaniotis, Angelos; Stavrianopoulou, Eftychia (1 January 1997).
721:. A thematic echo occurs in the Vedic tradition as Indra's wife
7412:
6303:
Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages
5992:
5980:
5956:
5524:
Strang, Alastair (1997). "Explaining Ptolemy's Roman Britain".
3659:
3163:
3085:
3077:
3050:
is considered as a continuation of the ancient sky-god worship.
3030:, and his original prominence over other gods largely diluted.
2777:
2773:
2714:, a thematic suffix) are attested in the following traditions:
2648:
2402:
2085:
2014:
1904:
1135:
984:
952:, interpreted as pertaining to Zeus, and the possible genitive
910:
831:
772:
722:
652:
648:
629:
625:
577:
471:
454:
400:
330:
215:
5359:
5357:
5355:
5353:
4813:
4811:
4809:
4601:
3681:
3679:
3340:
2938:, another adjective with the same meaning, probably based on *
2279:("goddess"), a title assigned to various Roman goddesses like
2134:
1869:
1770:"Father Sun-god"; the name of the sky-god was replaced with a
6360:(in Polish). Warsaw: Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego.
6209:[Roots and branches of Christianity among Albanians]
5369:
5027:
Foreword to the Past: A Cultural History of the Baltic People
4757:
4755:
4753:
4751:
4749:
4747:
4745:
4426:
4217:[The town of Salamis. French excavations 1964-1974].
3623:. Regarding the meaning of "Pandia", Kerenyi (Kerenyi, Karl.
3548:
Máchal, Jan (1918). "Slavic Mythology". In L. H. Gray (ed.).
3309:
3307:
3305:
3303:
3301:
3299:
3297:
3295:
3245:
2848:
2743:
2733:
2493:
2262:
2218:
2170:
1953:
1536:
882:
768:
726:
545:
500:
462:
6737:
Germanische Religionsgeschichte: Quellen und Quellenprobleme
5395:
5393:
5391:
4973:
The Routledge Dictionary Of Gods Goddesses Devils And Demons
4780:. Vol. 1. Institute for the Study of Man. p. 148.
4574:
4572:
4445:
4443:
4441:
4098:
4096:
3821:
3749:
Sick, David (2004). "Mit(h)ra(s) and the Myths of the Sun".
3530:
5910:
5908:
5861:
5350:
5170:
5168:
5155:
5153:
4953:
4830:
4828:
4826:
4806:
4794:
4254:
3980:
3676:
2268:
2155:
2151:
2118:; interpreted as a remnant of the sky and war functions of
1942:
1798:
1378:
964:
800:
760:
730:
505:
110:
5810:
5808:
5806:
5682:
5680:
5667:
5665:
4742:
4344:
3864:
3862:
3860:
3712:
Transactions of the Honourable Society of the Cymmrodorion
3560:
3558:
3292:
2073:), a word for "god" that probably also served as a title (
6028:
5895:. New York: Cambridge University Press. 2007. pp. 71–73.
5839:
5837:
5835:
5745:
5388:
5238:
5236:
5234:
5232:
5230:
5228:
5226:
5224:
5222:
5140:
5138:
5136:
5134:
5004:
5002:
5000:
4685:'the one with the thunder stone' , and possibly Albanian
4569:
4438:
4271:
4269:
4093:
4007:
4005:
4003:
4001:
3999:
3997:
3995:
3330:
3328:
3326:
3324:
3322:
3118:
religious reformation, demonized the Slavic successor of
3065:
2411:
2392:
1888:(the sky-god), are attested in the following traditions:
1411:
Ritual and formulaic expressions stemming from the form *
196:
176:
169:
162:
146:
133:
6983:
6537:
Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon
5905:
5692:
5638:
5635:. Edinburgh; London: Oliver and Boyd. 1928. pp. 316–317.
5268:
Reviving Roman Religion: Sacred Trees in the Roman World
5165:
5150:
4823:
4692:
4640:
4248:
4144:
Yon, Marguerite (2009). "Le culte impérial à Salamine".
4114:
3893:
3845:
3194:
were introduced in non-Indo-European languages, such as
1940:
meaning "heavenly, divine, anything of excellence", and
1557:
1544:
1517:
1507:
1500:
1258:- "sign, omen", thus "the sign of the Sky/Thunder-god"),
1060:
1002:
775:
share a common association with marriage and fertility,
523:
432:
6255:
Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon
6234:
Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon
5873:
5803:
5677:
5662:
5185:
5183:
5030:. Central European University Press. pp. 280–281.
4281:
3881:
Dunkel, George E. (1988–1990). "Vater Himmels Gattin".
3857:
3833:
3718:
3555:
3438:, p. 168: "But in general we may say that MIE had
3412:
1828:, the sky-father (generally thought to be derived from
467:, "all brightness") may have been another name for the
6944:
How to Kill a Dragon: Aspects of Indo-European Poetics
5920:
5832:
5248:
5219:
5131:
4997:
4943:
4941:
4630:
4628:
4591:
4589:
4587:
4266:
3992:
3637:
3635:
3633:
3570:
3480:
3478:
3476:
3319:
1174:, Hittite personification of day; another deity named
498:). The term "Father Dyēus" was inherited in the Vedic
5944:
5710:
5207:
5195:
4215:"La ville de Salamine. Fouilles françaises 1964-1974"
3647:
3474:
3472:
3470:
3468:
3466:
3464:
3462:
3460:
3458:
3456:
3431:
3429:
3427:
3282:
3280:
3278:
3276:
3274:
3272:
3270:
3268:
3266:
1910:), meaning "celestial, heavenly one", hence a "god",
310:. In classic Indo-European, associated with the late
7231:
Historische Sprachforschung / Historical Linguistics
7095:"The Family of Zeus in Early Greek Poetry and Myths"
6324:
Encyclopedia of Russian & Slavic Myth and Legend
5932:
5849:
5820:
5650:
5613:
5180:
3499:
3497:
3495:
3493:
3130:
is considered to have originated two continuations:
2432:("Water of the Divinity"), evolving into Mod. Welsh
1859:
5717:. Gdańsk: Słowo/obraz terytoria. pp. 461–462.
4985:
4938:
4625:
4584:
4173:"Lieux de culte à Salamine à l'époque des royaumes"
3730:
3691:
3630:
3552:. III, Celtic and Slavic Mythology. Boston. p. 267.
2879:), meaning "wealthy, rich", probably derived from *
6679:. Vol. II, N–Z. Longmans, Green and Co., LTD.
5340:. New York: Mouton de Gruyter. 2002. pp. 140-142.
4613:
4117:"Epigraphic Bulletin for Greek Religion 1993-1994"
3915:. Cambridge at the University Press. 1956. p. 125.
3453:
3424:
3263:
3185:
647:, "the land of Hatti's torch" (the Sun-goddess of
7280:
7206:(Fall 2021). "Father Sky and the Wide-Eyed Cow".
5772:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of September 2024 (
4544:. Amsterdam: Editions Rodopi B. V. 1994. p. 351.
3800:
3490:
2697:
2380:
2297:("Goddess of the Daylight" or "Bright Goddess").
1390:
128:has been translated as "father daylight-sky-god".
79:for phonetic transcriptions, with an appropriate
7511:
6426:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 223–245.
6207:"Rrënjë dhe degë të krishterimit ndër shqiptarë"
5748:"Divindades indígenas numa ara inédita de Viseu"
4068:
3158:According to some researchers, at least some of
2420:, springs, and rivers whose name means "Divine",
837:(a "day") are among the most widely attested in
6417:
4774:Hamp, Eric P. (1997). Adams, Douglas Q. (ed.).
4607:
4075:. H. Milford, Oxford University Press. p.
3619:. New York: D. Appleton–Century Company. 1907.
3054:After the first access of the ancestors of the
1845:, "lord of the house", has also been proposed),
1635:as Δειπάτυροϛ (Deipáturos), a god worshiped in
908:, "heaven", mentioned in a single verse of the
717:, with a possible descendant in Zeus's consort
29:Father Sky-god in Proto-Indo-European mythology
6930:Arhiv za Arbanasku starinu, jezik i etnologiju
6852:(1978). "Dyv Divть in Slovo o Рolkи Іhorevi".
5893:Roman Religion and the Cult of Diana at Aricia
5293:Dictionnaire Historique de la langue française
4853:. University of California Press. p. 34.
4311:
4309:
2142:survived as a poetic word for 'the gods', and
1839:
1832:
528:), even in the form of "dad" or "papa" in the
344:
7266:
7132:. Princeton University Press. pp. 3–20.
6652:Mallory, James P.; Adams, Douglas Q. (2006).
6320:
4041:Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project
3536:
3178:– earthly fire, Svarog – heaven, lightning).
2772:), a goddess venerated in classical times at
2254:
2248:
336:("day"), interpreted as a back-formation of *
7127:
6969:. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.
6658:. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.
6651:
6623:
5503:Proceedings of the Harvard Celtic Colloquium
5320:. Cambridge University Press. 2013. p. 197.
4959:
4928:
4880:. University of Toronto Press. p. 157.
4817:
4800:
4666:
3986:
3685:
3670:
3373:
3313:
2217:, a deity reconstructed from the associated
1838:, "heavenly father"; although the etymology
306:("celestial"), the common word for "god" in
6933:. Vol. I. R. Trofenik. pp. 27–33.
6754:
6692:(1). Linguistic Society of America: 31–40.
6381:The origins of the Slavs: a linguist's view
5418:. Cambridge University Press. p. 441.
4563:
4501:. Vol. II. Çorum: 2019. pp. 1048 and 1050.
4306:
3880:
2966:), goddess of the moon and the countryside.
2895:
2888:
2702:Other cognates deriving from the adjective
2266:
490:The most constant epithet associated with *
441:
291:'heavenly, shining, radiant', suggest that
192:, in a relationship of union and contrast.
7273:
7259:
7144:
6858:. Vol. 1. University of Ottawa Press.
6530:
6418:Hyllested, Adam; Joseph, Brian D. (2022).
5786:
5438:
5114:
5054:Britannica Encyclopedia of World Religions
4449:
4432:
7110:
6990:(in German). Universitaetsverlag Winter.
6907:
6848:
6776:
6676:An Historical Albanian-English Dictionary
6575:
6558:Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic
6398:
6352:
6272:
6165:
6034:
6022:
6010:
5998:
5986:
5974:
5962:
5644:
5580:
5399:
5382:
5363:
5213:
5099:
5081:
4834:
4761:
4677:'strike' These would then be related to
4578:
4389:
4128:
3775:
3403:
6485:
6120:
5914:
5698:
5439:Wainwright, F. T. (1950). "Cledemutha".
5088:Folklore: Electronic Journal of Folklore
4170:
3588:
3037:
3033:
2273:, common name for a "god, a deity"; and
1863:
1394:
942:of an otherwise scarcely attested name,
791:
607:deities and the Proto-Indo-European god
396:, goddess of the day and counterpart to
115:
7228:
7165:
7013:
6937:
6926:
6783:Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic
6599:
6554:
6456:
6296:
6251:
6227:
6201:
6189:
6051:
5926:
5879:
5867:
5686:
5500:
5254:
5242:
5144:
5084:"The Moon in Lithuanian Folk Tradition"
5050:
5008:
4912:
4908:
4900:
4725:
4698:
4350:
4315:
4275:
4260:
4011:
3951:
3924:
3899:
3851:
3653:
3576:
3418:
3162:s traits could have been taken over by
3084:the peak of the highest mountains like
3042:The cult practiced by the Albanians on
2722:, meaning "divine, heavenly, godlike",
826:("celestial", a "god"), the derivative
807:Cognates deriving either from the stem
737:(who may be seen as reminiscent of the
14:
7512:
6912:(in Polish). Krakow: Wydawnictwo WAM.
6862:
6733:
6492:Selected Writings: Slavic epic studies
6099:
6075:
5843:
5671:
5523:
5201:
5023:
4916:
4873:
4846:
4461:
4362:
4301:Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin
4249:Wodtko, Irslinger & Schneider 2008
4102:
3385:
3101:
2138:, associated with justice; the plural
1801:, All-Father" or "Odin Father of All",
811:("daylight, bright sky"), the epithet
745:). Another reflex may be found in the
7254:
7202:
6883:
6824:
6634:Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture
6374:
6341:
5826:
5814:
5656:
5473:
5189:
5019:
5017:
4947:
4634:
4180:Cahiers du Centre d'Études Chypriotes
4146:Cahiers du Centre d'Études Chypriotes
4028:
4026:
4024:
4022:
4020:
3709:
3092:has been associated with the sky-god
1722:), "father Zeus", the god of the Sky,
1316:, a sky and lightning god; the root *
894:(द्यु), the common word for "heaven",
7092:
7071:
7042:
6961:
6800:
6712:
6683:
6672:
6141:
5950:
5938:
5855:
5619:
5566:
5411:
5174:
5159:
4932:
4904:
4773:
4646:
4619:
4595:
4517:
4287:
3868:
3839:
3827:
3748:
3736:
3724:
3697:
3641:
3564:
3515:
3503:
3484:
3435:
3334:
3286:
474:, her name still preserves the root
31:
6760:Etymological Dictionary of Armenian
6509:
5714:Dziady : teatr święta zmarłych
5296:(in French). Nathan. p. 1079.
5286:
4991:
4212:
4143:
2353:, possibly from the 3rd century BC.
1234:(Տիւ), "day, daytime, morning" and
24:
7006:
6987:Nomina im Indogermanischen Lexikon
6869:. Vol. 3. Walter de Gruyter.
6516:. Vol. 3. Walter de Gruyter.
6282:. Vol. 3. Walter de Gruyter.
6106:. Vol. 3. Walter de Gruyter.
5014:
4017:
3911:Ventris, Michael; Chadwick, John.
3905:
2369:, the "good god", old name of the
2349:, attested in an inscription from
830:("divine"), or the back-formation
482:-, meaning "to shine, be bright".
69:for transliterated languages, and
49:of its non-English content, using
25:
7546:
5760:10.36707/palaeohispanica.v0i9.217
4069:De Witt Griswold, Hervey (1923).
3776:Bortolani, Ljuba Merlina (2016).
3589:Hard, Robin; Rose, H. J. (2004).
2976:Other cognates are less secured:
2550:Other cognates are less secured:
1946:, female title meaning "goddess";
1759:Other variants are less secured:
1270:meaning "heaven" or "God", as in
7209:Journal of Indo-European Studies
6890:Dictionary of Northern Mythology
6807:Albanian Etymological Dictionary
6740:(in German). Walter de Gruyter.
6719:. Hamburg: Helmut Buske Verlag.
6606:A Gothic Etymological Dictionary
6345:Grammatica della lingua albanese
6082:Etymological Dictionary of Greek
5885:
5780:
5739:
5704:
5625:
5560:
5517:
5494:
5467:
5432:
5405:
5330:
5310:
5280:
3617:The Mythology of Greece and Rome
2641:("wild") has also been proposed,
2506:("god"), attested in the modern
2448:("goddess") likewise appears in
1976:meaning "false deities, demons",
1163:(𒅆𒍑), a "god" or the Sun-God;
663:, and the sun as "God's eye" in
36:
7093:Duev, Ratko (29 October 2020).
6044:
5260:
5108:
5075:
5044:
4965:
4922:
4894:
4867:
4840:
4767:
4719:
4704:
4534:
4511:
4491:
4455:
4383:
4356:
4338:10.3989/emerita.1999.v67.i1.185
4293:
4206:
4164:
4137:
4108:
4062:
3945:
3918:
3874:
3794:
3769:
3742:
3703:
3609:
3582:
3542:
3509:
3221:
3186:In non-Indo-European traditions
2921:may be due to association with
2913:, "the occurrence of the deity
2859:, "divine, heavenly, godlike",
2780:, and possibly identified with
1755:, "Great Father the Good God").
1326:"Heaven", "God" (with a suffix
1242:"two days"); and possibly also
6716:An Albanian Historical Grammar
6061:. Princeton University Press.
5711:Kolankiewicz, Leszek. (1999).
5599:10.1179/1752270613Y.0000000085
4975:. Routledge. 2004. pp. 49-50.
4542:Anatolian Historical Phonology
3931:. Edinburgh University Press.
3780:. Cambridge University Press.
3379:
1824:, "lord" or "God", epithet of
844:
85:multilingual support templates
13:
1:
7282:Proto-Indo-European mythology
7057:10.1080/0015587X.1905.9719965
6967:Indo-European Poetry and Myth
5441:The English Historical Review
3803:Romanian Astronomical Journal
3256:
3211:into these Uralic languages.
918:, "hell", as a result of the
616:Due to his celestial nature,
585:was a prominent deity in the
575:and the goddess of the Dawn (
340:, has descendant cognates in
159:Proto-Indo-European mythology
7168:Journal of Cuneiform Studies
6422:. In Olander, Thomas (ed.).
6403:. Peeters. pp. 95–108.
6321:Dixon-Kennedy, Mike (1998).
5051:Doniger, Wendy, ed. (2006).
4777:Festschrift for Eric P. Hamp
4377:10.13109/hisp.2011.124.1.250
4037:Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon
3913:Documents in Mycenaean Greek
3516:Neri, Sergio (2021). "din".
3214:
2744:
2734:
975:), the god of the Sky; also
587:Proto-Indo-European pantheon
250:
124:-covered steppe in Ukraine.
7:
6947:. Oxford University Press.
6908:Szyjewski, Andrzej (2003).
6834:. Oxford University Press.
5115:Jasiūnaitė, Birutė (2006).
4919:, pp. 1746, 1757, 2254
4847:Chaney, William A. (1970).
4712:Historische Sprachforschung
4673:, an extension on the root
4608:Hyllested & Joseph 2022
4072:The Religion of the Rigveda
3152:The Tale of Igor's Campaign
3134:("strange, odd thing") and
1224:, the Sky- or Thunder-god,
787:
485:
271:- ("to shine, be bright").
10:
7551:
7464:Indo European Weapon Cults
3550:The Mythology of all Races
3227:Despite deriving from PIE
2887:via the intermediate form
2633:, "monster", although the
2617:, "giant, demonic being",
2412:
1962:), a term for "demons" in
857:-, 'to shine, be bright',
670:
463:
144:"daylight-sky-god"), also
108:
7431:
7395:
7288:
7112:10.12797/CC.20.2019.22.05
6471:10.1163/15685270252772777
6121:Chelariu, Ana R. (2023).
5082:Vaiškūnas, Jonas (2006).
4874:Wanner, Kevin J. (2008).
4566:, pp. 340, 612, 616.
4475:10.1163/9789047402145_007
4171:Fourrier, Sabine (2015).
3595:. Routledge. p. 46.
3390:[Following God].
3013:
2095:which gave the word for '
2019:, supreme god of the sky,
1059:, the god of oaths (from
7520:Proto-Indo-European gods
7454:Trifunctional hypothesis
6673:Mann, Stuart E. (1948).
6585:. Simon & Schuster.
5453:10.1093/ehr/LXV.CCLV.203
5338:The Foundations of Latin
5101:10.7592/FEJF2006.32.moon
5059:Encyclopaedia Britannica
4960:Mallory & Adams 1997
4929:Mallory & Adams 1997
4818:Mallory & Adams 1997
4801:Mallory & Adams 1997
4667:Mallory & Adams 1997
4540:Melchert, Harold Craig.
4392:Journal of Roman Studies
4213:Yon, Marguerite (1993).
3987:Mallory & Adams 1997
3966:10.1525/ca.2017.36.1.104
3830:, pp. 180–181, 191.
3763:10.1163/1568527042500140
3686:Mallory & Adams 2006
3671:Mallory & Adams 1997
3405:10.7592/MT2014.58.vainik
3374:Mallory & Adams 2006
3314:Mallory & Adams 2006
2365:, a "god, a deity", and
2122:by G. Kroonen, although
1876:Cognates stemming from *
1246:"rainbow" (according to
759:If the female goddesses
109:Not to be confused with
7449:Indo-European cosmogony
6713:Mann, Stuart E (1977).
5631:Carmichael, Alexander.
5474:James, Alan G. (2014).
4726:Witczak, K. T. (1992).
4518:Ricl, Marijana (2013).
4192:10.3406/cchyp.2015.1635
3207:("sky"), borrowed from
2820:, "devilish, diabolic",
2393:
2381:
2255:
2249:
1860:"Celestial" derivations
1559:
1546:
1519:
1509:
1502:
1334:, an extension of PIE *
1320:- may also be found in
1062:
1004:
890:the god of Heaven, and
839:Indo-European languages
833:
651:) in a Hittite prayer,
641:, "heaven's candle" in
563:
524:
433:
390:("Lady Midday"), Latin
332:
277:Indo-European languages
245:
204:Indo-European languages
198:
178:
171:
164:
148:
135:
6850:Rudnyckyj, Jaroslav B.
6555:Kroonen, Guus (2013).
6384:. Slavica Publishers.
6342:Feizi, Abidin (1929).
6252:Derksen, Rick (2015).
6175:(in French). Errance.
5762:(inactive 2024-09-12).
5024:Bojtár, Endre (1999).
4365:Historical Linguistics
4158:10.3406/cchyp.2009.929
3625:The Gods of the Greeks
3190:Various loanwords of *
3149:, or Div occurring in
3051:
2897:
2890:
2625:, "sorceress, witch",
2267:
2126:views it as unlikely,
2114:, and Old High German
1873:
1841:
1834:
1661:with the nursery word
1408:
1356:- (in personal names),
1050:), the god of the Sky;
922:religious reformation,
864:the daylight-sky god,
804:
442:
349:("break of the day"),
345:
259:derives from the stem
182:was often paired with
129:
7489:War of the foundation
7099:Classica Cracoviensia
6756:Martirosyan, Hrach K.
6637:. London: Routledge.
6432:10.1017/9781108758666
6354:Gieysztor, Aleksander
3388:"Jumala jälgi ajamas"
3082:Albanian folk beliefs
3041:
3034:In Albanian tradition
2468:(Δηουανα; modern-day
2177:("powerful god"), or
2080:Late Proto-Germanic *
2051:, or to the Moon God
1867:
1784:, "Father of Heaven",
1398:
1138:of the Greek theonym
1086:), genitive singular,
795:
678:is often paired with
437:("nine-day period"),
428:(տիւ, "bright day"),
119:
7525:Sky and weather gods
7204:Olsen, Birgit Anette
7074:The Classical Review
6143:Cook, Arthur Bernard
6077:Beekes, Robert S. P.
4911:, pp. 431–432;
4299:Buck, Carl Darling.
4263:, pp. 173, 315.
3386:Vainik, Ene (2014).
3064:– has been used for
2698:"Divine" derivations
2669:, an unknown deity.
2241:, a "god, a deity",
1739:, "Great Father the
1391:"Sky-Father" epithet
1178:is mentioned in the
1134:), interpreted as a
819:("Father Sky"), the
729:with the phantom of
688:) and Mother Earth (
655:as the eye of Zeus,
47:specify the language
45:This article should
7535:Reconstructed words
6601:Lehmann, Winfred P.
6127:. Springer Nature.
5870:, pp. 173–174.
5591:2014SurRv..46..231M
5412:Rhys, John (2016).
5385:, pp. 142–143.
5177:, p. 120 n. 1.
4435:, pp. 766–767.
4353:, pp. 214–216.
4290:, pp. 166–167.
4105:, pp. 498–499.
4033:Lubotsky, Alexander
3954:Classical Antiquity
3871:, pp. 192–193.
3842:, pp. 178–179.
3815:2012RoAJ...22..155I
3727:, pp. 171–175.
3673:, pp. 230–231.
3615:Fairbanks, Arthur.
3567:, pp. 167–168.
3376:, pp. 408–409.
3337:, pp. 166–171.
3102:In Slavic tradition
2569:Old Church Slavonic
2440:, Wales). The form
2303:: Deus, the god of
1450:, "O Father Sky"),
1376:and the place name
1276:, the "sky-father",
1108:), attested in the
320:Anatolian tradition
308:Proto-Indo-European
287:, such as Sanskrit
5791:. único: 249–273.
5505:. 18/19: 340–384.
5316:Woodard, Roger D.
4903:, pp. 31–33;
4653:and the second to
4130:10.4000/kernos.666
3537:Dixon-Kennedy 1998
3519:Wörterbuch – DPEWA
3209:Proto-Indo-Iranian
3052:
1874:
1409:
1212:, the Lydian Zeus.
1192:, "divine, a god",
805:
130:
7507:
7506:
7499:Ends of the Earth
6997:978-3-8253-5359-9
6976:978-0-19-928075-9
6900:978-0-85991-513-7
6841:978-0-19-928413-9
6817:978-90-04-11024-3
6802:Orel, Vladimir E.
6769:978-90-04-17337-8
6747:978-3-11-012872-7
6665:978-0-19-929668-2
6644:978-1-884964-98-5
6629:Adams, Douglas Q.
6625:Mallory, James P.
6616:978-90-04-08176-5
6592:978-1-62055-481-4
6577:Lecouteux, Claude
6532:Kloekhorst, Alwin
6391:978-0-89357-224-2
6358:Mitologia Słowian
6334:978-1-57607-063-5
6289:978-3-11-054243-1
6265:978-90-04-27898-1
6223:. Shkodër: 58–78.
6167:Delamarre, Xavier
6134:978-3-031-04051-1
6092:978-90-04-32186-1
6053:Anthony, David W.
6025:, p. 99-100.
5901:978-0-521-85158-9
5817:, pp. 62–63.
5425:978-1-108-07909-9
5366:, pp. 96–97.
5326:978-1-107-02240-9
5303:978-2-321-00013-6
5276:978-1-107-15354-7
5123:(in Lithuanian).
5068:978-1-59339-266-6
5037:978-963-9116-42-9
4981:978-04-15340-18-2
4971:Lurker, Manfred.
4887:978-0-8020-9801-6
4860:978-0-520-01401-5
4787:978-0-941694-62-9
4764:, pp. 96–97.
4714:117(2): 229-237.
4701:, pp. 31–33.
4507:978-975-17-4338-1
4251:, pp. 70–71.
4045:Leiden University
3938:978-0-7486-4289-2
3902:, pp. 72–74.
3854:, pp. 80–81.
3787:978-1-316-67327-0
3602:978-0-415-18636-0
3421:, pp. 78–79.
3174:– heavenly fire,
3007:"fairy, goddess".
2995:"nymph, goddess".
2949:
2875:
2841:
2798:diuiHa- / diuiia-
2165:("victory-god"),
2158:, such as in the
2043:, and the Baltic
1882:vṛddhi-derivation
1868:The Germanic god
1855:, 'sun, sun-god'.
1612:
1594:
1516:
1487:
1463:
1442:
1238:, "day" (only in
1046:
971:
946:Cypriot Syllabary
914:; Young Avestan:
821:vṛddhi-derivative
665:Romanian folklore
599:Although several
324:suffix-derivative
312:Khvalynsk culture
300:vṛddhi-derivative
208:Vedic Indo-Aryans
206:and myths of the
120:The sky over the
107:
106:
87:may also be used.
16:(Redirected from
7542:
7298:
7275:
7268:
7261:
7252:
7251:
7246:
7225:
7199:
7162:
7153:(1/2): 101–114.
7141:
7124:
7114:
7089:
7068:
7039:
7001:
6980:
6958:
6939:Watkins, Calvert
6934:
6923:
6904:
6880:
6859:
6855:Studia Ucrainica
6845:
6821:
6797:
6778:Matasović, Ranko
6773:
6751:
6730:
6709:
6680:
6669:
6648:
6620:
6596:
6572:
6551:
6527:
6506:
6482:
6453:
6414:
6395:
6371:
6349:
6338:
6317:
6298:de Vaan, Michiel
6293:
6274:De Simone, Carlo
6269:
6248:
6224:
6212:
6203:Demiraj, Bardhyl
6198:
6191:Demiraj, Bardhyl
6186:
6162:
6138:
6117:
6096:
6072:
6038:
6032:
6026:
6020:
6014:
6008:
6002:
5996:
5990:
5984:
5978:
5972:
5966:
5960:
5954:
5948:
5942:
5936:
5930:
5924:
5918:
5912:
5903:
5891:Green, C. M. C.
5889:
5883:
5877:
5871:
5865:
5859:
5853:
5847:
5841:
5830:
5824:
5818:
5812:
5801:
5800:
5784:
5778:
5777:
5771:
5763:
5743:
5737:
5736:
5708:
5702:
5696:
5690:
5684:
5675:
5669:
5660:
5654:
5648:
5642:
5636:
5629:
5623:
5617:
5611:
5610:
5584:
5575:(337): 231–244.
5564:
5558:
5557:
5521:
5515:
5514:
5498:
5492:
5491:
5489:
5482:
5471:
5465:
5464:
5447:(255): 203–212.
5436:
5430:
5429:
5409:
5403:
5397:
5386:
5380:
5367:
5361:
5348:
5336:Baldi, Phillip.
5334:
5328:
5314:
5308:
5307:
5284:
5278:
5264:
5258:
5252:
5246:
5240:
5217:
5211:
5205:
5199:
5193:
5187:
5178:
5172:
5163:
5157:
5148:
5142:
5129:
5128:
5112:
5106:
5105:
5103:
5079:
5073:
5072:
5048:
5042:
5041:
5021:
5012:
5006:
4995:
4989:
4983:
4969:
4963:
4957:
4951:
4945:
4936:
4926:
4920:
4898:
4892:
4891:
4871:
4865:
4864:
4844:
4838:
4832:
4821:
4815:
4804:
4798:
4792:
4791:
4771:
4765:
4759:
4740:
4739:
4732:Folia Orientalia
4723:
4717:
4708:
4702:
4696:
4690:
4664:
4658:
4644:
4638:
4632:
4623:
4617:
4611:
4605:
4599:
4593:
4582:
4576:
4567:
4564:Martirosyan 2010
4561:
4552:
4538:
4532:
4531:
4515:
4509:
4495:
4489:
4488:
4459:
4453:
4447:
4436:
4430:
4424:
4423:
4398:(1–2): 112–118.
4387:
4381:
4380:
4360:
4354:
4348:
4342:
4341:
4313:
4304:
4297:
4291:
4285:
4279:
4273:
4264:
4258:
4252:
4246:
4227:
4226:
4210:
4204:
4203:
4177:
4168:
4162:
4161:
4141:
4135:
4134:
4132:
4112:
4106:
4100:
4091:
4090:
4066:
4060:
4030:
4015:
4009:
3990:
3984:
3978:
3977:
3949:
3943:
3942:
3922:
3916:
3909:
3903:
3897:
3891:
3890:
3878:
3872:
3866:
3855:
3849:
3843:
3837:
3831:
3825:
3819:
3818:
3798:
3792:
3791:
3773:
3767:
3766:
3746:
3740:
3734:
3728:
3722:
3716:
3715:
3707:
3701:
3695:
3689:
3683:
3674:
3668:
3657:
3651:
3645:
3639:
3628:
3613:
3607:
3606:
3586:
3580:
3574:
3568:
3562:
3553:
3546:
3540:
3534:
3528:
3527:
3513:
3507:
3501:
3488:
3482:
3451:
3433:
3422:
3416:
3410:
3409:
3407:
3383:
3377:
3371:
3338:
3332:
3317:
3311:
3290:
3284:
3250:
3225:
2947:
2900:
2893:
2873:
2833:
2747:
2737:
2513:Carmina Gadelica
2496:-god of wisdom,
2415:
2414:
2396:
2384:
2272:
2258:
2252:
2003:Old Lithuanian:
1844:
1837:
1665:("dad, daddy"):
1610:
1592:
1562:
1549:
1522:
1514:
1512:
1505:
1485:
1461:
1438:
1173:
1065:
1044:
1007:
969:
836:
690:*Dʰéǵʰōm Méh₂tēr
527:
466:
465:
445:
436:
360:("day by day"),
348:
335:
255:The divine name
201:
181:
174:
167:
155:daylight-sky god
151:
138:
102:
99:
93:
78:
72:
68:
62:
58:
52:
40:
39:
32:
21:
7550:
7549:
7545:
7544:
7543:
7541:
7540:
7539:
7510:
7509:
7508:
7503:
7494:King and virgin
7484:Binding of evil
7459:Threefold death
7444:Horse sacrifice
7427:
7391:
7292:
7284:
7279:
7249:
7180:10.2307/1359369
7009:
7007:Further reading
7004:
6998:
6977:
6963:West, Martin L.
6955:
6920:
6910:Religia Słowian
6901:
6893:. D.S. Brewer.
6877:
6842:
6818:
6794:
6770:
6748:
6727:
6666:
6645:
6617:
6593:
6569:
6548:
6524:
6503:
6487:Jakobson, Roman
6442:
6411:
6392:
6376:Gołąb, Zbigniew
6368:
6335:
6314:
6290:
6266:
6245:
6219:(in Albanian).
6210:
6183:
6159:
6135:
6114:
6093:
6069:
6047:
6042:
6041:
6033:
6029:
6021:
6017:
6009:
6005:
5997:
5993:
5985:
5981:
5973:
5969:
5961:
5957:
5953:, p. 1171.
5949:
5945:
5937:
5933:
5925:
5921:
5913:
5906:
5890:
5886:
5878:
5874:
5866:
5862:
5854:
5850:
5842:
5833:
5825:
5821:
5813:
5804:
5785:
5781:
5765:
5764:
5744:
5740:
5725:
5709:
5705:
5697:
5693:
5685:
5678:
5674:, p. 1577.
5670:
5663:
5655:
5651:
5643:
5639:
5630:
5626:
5618:
5614:
5565:
5561:
5522:
5518:
5499:
5495:
5487:
5480:
5472:
5468:
5437:
5433:
5426:
5415:Celtic Folklore
5410:
5406:
5398:
5389:
5381:
5370:
5362:
5351:
5335:
5331:
5315:
5311:
5304:
5285:
5281:
5265:
5261:
5253:
5249:
5241:
5220:
5212:
5208:
5200:
5196:
5188:
5181:
5173:
5166:
5158:
5151:
5143:
5132:
5113:
5109:
5080:
5076:
5069:
5061:. p. 711.
5049:
5045:
5038:
5022:
5015:
5007:
4998:
4994:, p. 1980.
4990:
4986:
4970:
4966:
4958:
4954:
4946:
4939:
4931:, p. 348;
4927:
4923:
4899:
4895:
4888:
4872:
4868:
4861:
4845:
4841:
4833:
4824:
4816:
4807:
4799:
4795:
4788:
4772:
4768:
4760:
4743:
4724:
4720:
4709:
4705:
4697:
4693:
4682:
4665:
4661:
4645:
4641:
4633:
4626:
4618:
4614:
4606:
4602:
4594:
4585:
4581:, p. 1843.
4577:
4570:
4562:
4555:
4539:
4535:
4516:
4512:
4496:
4492:
4485:
4463:Hutter, Manfred
4460:
4456:
4450:Kloekhorst 2008
4448:
4439:
4433:Kloekhorst 2008
4431:
4427:
4388:
4384:
4361:
4357:
4349:
4345:
4314:
4307:
4298:
4294:
4286:
4282:
4274:
4267:
4259:
4255:
4247:
4230:
4211:
4207:
4175:
4169:
4165:
4142:
4138:
4123:(10): 249–314.
4113:
4109:
4101:
4094:
4087:
4067:
4063:
4031:
4018:
4010:
3993:
3985:
3981:
3950:
3946:
3939:
3923:
3919:
3910:
3906:
3898:
3894:
3879:
3875:
3867:
3858:
3850:
3846:
3838:
3834:
3826:
3822:
3799:
3795:
3788:
3774:
3770:
3747:
3743:
3735:
3731:
3723:
3719:
3708:
3704:
3696:
3692:
3684:
3677:
3669:
3660:
3652:
3648:
3640:
3631:
3614:
3610:
3603:
3587:
3583:
3575:
3571:
3563:
3556:
3547:
3543:
3535:
3531:
3514:
3510:
3502:
3491:
3483:
3454:
3434:
3425:
3417:
3413:
3384:
3380:
3372:
3341:
3333:
3320:
3312:
3293:
3285:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3253:
3226:
3222:
3217:
3188:
3112:Iranian peoples
3104:
3036:
3028:Vedic mythology
3016:
2962:(from an older
2909:. According to
2726:Mycenaean Greek
2700:
2599:, "miracle(s)",
2486:, a "god", and
2416:/), a deity of
2259:), the "gods",
2197:Old High German
2099:' in Old Norse
1958:(𐬛𐬀𐬉𐬎𐬎𐬀,
1862:
1835:dźie̅u ̊ a(t)t-
1814:, "Father God",
1702:", the Sun-god,
1683:", the Sun-god,
1658:
1447:
1434:
1416:
1393:
1167:
1110:Iguvine Tablets
928:Mycenaean Greek
847:
816:
803:, c 360–340 BC.
797:Laurel-wreathed
790:
747:Mycenaean Greek
673:
566:
557:
488:
464:Πανδία, Πανδεία
253:
248:
114:
103:
97:
94:
88:
76:
70:
66:
64:transliteration
60:
56:
50:
41:
37:
30:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7548:
7538:
7537:
7532:
7527:
7522:
7505:
7504:
7502:
7501:
7496:
7491:
7486:
7481:
7476:
7474:Death of a son
7471:
7466:
7461:
7456:
7451:
7446:
7441:
7435:
7433:
7429:
7428:
7426:
7425:
7420:
7415:
7410:
7405:
7399:
7397:
7393:
7392:
7390:
7389:
7384:
7379:
7374:
7369:
7364:
7359:
7354:
7349:
7344:
7339:
7334:
7329:
7328:
7327:
7322:
7317:
7307:
7301:
7299:
7286:
7285:
7278:
7277:
7270:
7263:
7255:
7248:
7247:
7226:
7216:(3): 389–415.
7200:
7174:(1): 174–177.
7163:
7142:
7138:j.ctt13x190c.5
7125:
7090:
7080:(7): 360–375.
7069:
7051:(3): 260–332.
7040:
7028:10.2307/522076
7010:
7008:
7005:
7003:
7002:
6996:
6981:
6975:
6959:
6954:978-0198024712
6953:
6935:
6924:
6918:
6905:
6899:
6881:
6876:978-3110540369
6875:
6860:
6846:
6840:
6822:
6816:
6798:
6792:
6774:
6768:
6752:
6746:
6731:
6725:
6710:
6698:10.2307/409988
6681:
6670:
6664:
6649:
6643:
6621:
6615:
6597:
6591:
6573:
6567:
6552:
6546:
6528:
6523:978-3110540369
6522:
6507:
6501:
6483:
6454:
6440:
6415:
6410:978-9042917811
6409:
6396:
6390:
6372:
6366:
6350:
6339:
6333:
6318:
6312:
6294:
6288:
6270:
6264:
6249:
6243:
6225:
6216:Hylli i Dritës
6199:
6187:
6181:
6163:
6157:
6139:
6133:
6118:
6113:978-3110540369
6112:
6097:
6091:
6073:
6067:
6048:
6046:
6043:
6040:
6039:
6037:, p. 143.
6035:Delamarre 2003
6027:
6023:Szyjewski 2003
6015:
6013:, p. 175.
6011:Gieysztor 2006
6003:
5999:Szyjewski 2003
5991:
5987:Gieysztor 2006
5979:
5977:, p. 171.
5975:Szyjewski 2003
5967:
5963:Gieysztor 2006
5955:
5943:
5941:, p. 583.
5931:
5919:
5917:, p. 359.
5904:
5884:
5882:, p. 168.
5872:
5860:
5858:, p. 192.
5848:
5846:, p. 338.
5831:
5819:
5802:
5779:
5754:(9): 143–155.
5738:
5723:
5703:
5701:, p. 228.
5691:
5689:, p. 108.
5676:
5661:
5649:
5645:Rudnyckyj 1978
5637:
5624:
5622:, p. 216.
5612:
5559:
5538:10.2307/526763
5516:
5493:
5490:on 2014-09-11.
5466:
5431:
5424:
5404:
5402:, p. 142.
5400:Delamarre 2003
5387:
5383:Delamarre 2003
5368:
5364:Matasović 2009
5349:
5329:
5309:
5302:
5279:
5259:
5257:, p. 352.
5247:
5245:, p. 167.
5218:
5214:Lecouteux 2016
5206:
5204:, p. 714.
5194:
5192:, p. 337.
5179:
5164:
5149:
5147:, p. 519.
5130:
5107:
5074:
5067:
5043:
5036:
5013:
5011:, p. 128.
4996:
4984:
4964:
4962:, p. 536.
4952:
4937:
4921:
4915:, p. 70;
4907:, p. 72;
4893:
4886:
4866:
4859:
4839:
4837:, p. 134.
4835:Delamarre 2003
4822:
4820:, p. 231.
4805:
4803:, p. 130.
4793:
4786:
4766:
4762:Hackstein 2006
4741:
4718:
4703:
4691:
4680:
4659:
4639:
4624:
4612:
4610:, p. 232.
4600:
4598:, p. 166.
4583:
4579:De Simone 2017
4568:
4553:
4533:
4510:
4490:
4483:
4454:
4452:, p. 763.
4437:
4425:
4404:10.2307/298293
4382:
4371:(1): 250–267.
4355:
4343:
4305:
4292:
4280:
4278:, p. 173.
4265:
4253:
4228:
4205:
4186:(1): 211–223.
4163:
4152:(1): 289–308.
4136:
4107:
4092:
4086:978-8120807457
4085:
4061:
4016:
4014:, p. 315.
3991:
3989:, p. 124.
3979:
3960:(1): 104–129.
3944:
3937:
3917:
3904:
3892:
3873:
3856:
3844:
3832:
3820:
3809:(2): 155–166.
3793:
3786:
3768:
3757:(4): 432–467.
3741:
3739:, p. 195.
3729:
3717:
3702:
3700:, p. 169.
3690:
3688:, p. 432.
3675:
3658:
3646:
3644:, p. 171.
3629:
3608:
3601:
3581:
3579:, p. 170.
3569:
3554:
3541:
3539:, p. 227.
3529:
3508:
3489:
3487:, p. 120.
3452:
3423:
3411:
3378:
3339:
3318:
3316:, p. 431.
3291:
3289:, p. 167.
3261:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3252:
3251:
3219:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3187:
3184:
3106:At one point,
3103:
3100:
3035:
3032:
3015:
3012:
3011:
3010:
3009:
3008:
2996:
2974:
2973:
2972:
2971:
2970:
2969:
2968:
2967:
2928:
2927:
2926:
2917:together with
2823:
2822:
2821:
2811:
2791:
2790:
2789:
2699:
2696:
2695:
2694:
2693:
2692:
2658:
2657:
2656:
2642:
2600:
2593:Serbo-Croatian
2548:
2547:
2546:
2545:
2535:
2521:
2520:
2519:
2518:
2517:
2508:Sùil Dhé mhóir
2477:
2423:
2422:
2421:
2406:(/deuona/) or
2386:
2356:
2355:
2354:
2340:
2322:
2321:
2320:
2319:
2318:
2232:
2231:
2230:
2229:
2228:
2208:
2182:
2103:, Old English
2060:
2059:
2058:
2057:
2056:
2022:
2021:
2020:
1981:
1980:
1979:
1978:
1977:
1964:Zoroastrianism
1947:
1861:
1858:
1857:
1856:
1846:
1830:Proto-Albanian
1815:
1802:
1785:
1775:
1757:
1756:
1723:
1703:
1684:
1656:
1643:
1642:
1641:
1640:
1619:
1618:
1617:
1574:
1573:
1572:
1494:
1493:
1492:
1491:, द्यौष्पितृ),
1465:
1445:
1437:'Father Sky' (
1432:
1414:
1399:The Roman god
1392:
1389:
1388:
1387:
1386:
1385:
1384:
1383:
1367:
1357:
1339:
1305:
1304:
1303:
1302:, the sky-god,
1280:Proto-Messapic
1277:
1261:
1260:
1259:
1218:Proto-Armenian
1215:
1214:
1213:
1193:
1183:
1144:
1143:
1142:
1113:
1087:
1073:
1072:
1071:
1051:
996:
995:
994:
993:
992:
925:
924:
923:
895:
846:
843:
814:
789:
786:
672:
669:
659:as the eye of
657:Hvare-khshaeta
565:
562:
555:
552:. The epithet
487:
484:
414:("Sun, day"),
351:Vedic Sanskrit
252:
249:
247:
244:
105:
104:
83:. Knowledge's
44:
42:
35:
28:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7547:
7536:
7533:
7531:
7528:
7526:
7523:
7521:
7518:
7517:
7515:
7500:
7497:
7495:
7492:
7490:
7487:
7485:
7482:
7480:
7479:Cycle of Mead
7477:
7475:
7472:
7470:
7467:
7465:
7462:
7460:
7457:
7455:
7452:
7450:
7447:
7445:
7442:
7440:
7437:
7436:
7434:
7430:
7424:
7421:
7419:
7416:
7414:
7411:
7409:
7406:
7404:
7401:
7400:
7398:
7394:
7388:
7385:
7383:
7380:
7378:
7375:
7373:
7370:
7368:
7365:
7363:
7360:
7358:
7357:H₂epom Nepōts
7355:
7353:
7350:
7348:
7345:
7343:
7340:
7338:
7335:
7333:
7330:
7326:
7323:
7321:
7318:
7316:
7313:
7312:
7311:
7308:
7306:
7303:
7302:
7300:
7296:
7291:
7287:
7283:
7276:
7271:
7269:
7264:
7262:
7257:
7256:
7253:
7244:
7240:
7236:
7232:
7227:
7223:
7219:
7215:
7211:
7210:
7205:
7201:
7197:
7193:
7189:
7185:
7181:
7177:
7173:
7169:
7164:
7160:
7156:
7152:
7148:
7143:
7139:
7135:
7131:
7126:
7122:
7118:
7113:
7108:
7104:
7100:
7096:
7091:
7087:
7083:
7079:
7075:
7070:
7066:
7062:
7058:
7054:
7050:
7046:
7041:
7037:
7033:
7029:
7025:
7021:
7017:
7012:
7011:
6999:
6993:
6989:
6988:
6982:
6978:
6972:
6968:
6964:
6960:
6956:
6950:
6946:
6945:
6940:
6936:
6932:
6931:
6925:
6921:
6919:83-7318-205-5
6915:
6911:
6906:
6902:
6896:
6892:
6891:
6886:
6885:Simek, Rudolf
6882:
6878:
6872:
6868:
6867:
6861:
6857:
6856:
6851:
6847:
6843:
6837:
6833:
6832:
6827:
6826:Ringe, Donald
6823:
6819:
6813:
6809:
6808:
6803:
6799:
6795:
6793:9789004173361
6789:
6785:
6784:
6779:
6775:
6771:
6765:
6761:
6757:
6753:
6749:
6743:
6739:
6738:
6732:
6728:
6726:9783871182624
6722:
6718:
6717:
6711:
6707:
6703:
6699:
6695:
6691:
6687:
6682:
6678:
6677:
6671:
6667:
6661:
6657:
6656:
6650:
6646:
6640:
6636:
6635:
6630:
6626:
6622:
6618:
6612:
6608:
6607:
6602:
6598:
6594:
6588:
6584:
6583:
6578:
6574:
6570:
6568:9789004183407
6564:
6560:
6559:
6553:
6549:
6547:9789004160927
6543:
6539:
6538:
6533:
6529:
6525:
6519:
6515:
6514:
6508:
6504:
6502:9789027931788
6498:
6494:
6493:
6488:
6484:
6480:
6476:
6472:
6468:
6465:(1): 61–102.
6464:
6460:
6455:
6451:
6447:
6443:
6441:9781108758666
6437:
6433:
6429:
6425:
6421:
6416:
6412:
6406:
6402:
6397:
6393:
6387:
6383:
6382:
6377:
6373:
6369:
6367:83-235-0234-X
6363:
6359:
6355:
6351:
6347:
6346:
6340:
6336:
6330:
6326:
6325:
6319:
6315:
6313:9789004167971
6309:
6305:
6304:
6299:
6295:
6291:
6285:
6281:
6280:
6275:
6271:
6267:
6261:
6257:
6256:
6250:
6246:
6244:9789004155046
6240:
6236:
6235:
6230:
6229:Derksen, Rick
6226:
6222:
6218:
6217:
6208:
6204:
6200:
6196:
6192:
6188:
6184:
6182:9782877723695
6178:
6174:
6173:
6168:
6164:
6160:
6158:9781108021234
6154:
6150:
6149:
6144:
6140:
6136:
6130:
6126:
6125:
6119:
6115:
6109:
6105:
6104:
6098:
6094:
6088:
6084:
6083:
6078:
6074:
6070:
6068:9781400831104
6064:
6060:
6059:
6054:
6050:
6049:
6036:
6031:
6024:
6019:
6012:
6007:
6001:, p. 95.
6000:
5995:
5989:, p. 72.
5988:
5983:
5976:
5971:
5965:, p. 74.
5964:
5959:
5952:
5947:
5940:
5935:
5929:, p. 70.
5928:
5923:
5916:
5915:Chelariu 2023
5911:
5909:
5902:
5898:
5894:
5888:
5881:
5876:
5869:
5864:
5857:
5852:
5845:
5840:
5838:
5836:
5829:, p. 76.
5828:
5823:
5816:
5811:
5809:
5807:
5798:
5794:
5790:
5783:
5775:
5769:
5761:
5757:
5753:
5749:
5742:
5734:
5730:
5726:
5724:83-87316-39-3
5720:
5716:
5715:
5707:
5700:
5699:Jakobson 1962
5695:
5688:
5683:
5681:
5673:
5668:
5666:
5659:, p. 52.
5658:
5653:
5647:, p. 79.
5646:
5641:
5634:
5628:
5621:
5616:
5608:
5604:
5600:
5596:
5592:
5588:
5583:
5578:
5574:
5570:
5569:Survey Review
5563:
5555:
5551:
5547:
5543:
5539:
5535:
5531:
5527:
5520:
5512:
5508:
5504:
5497:
5486:
5479:
5478:
5470:
5462:
5458:
5454:
5450:
5446:
5442:
5435:
5427:
5421:
5417:
5416:
5408:
5401:
5396:
5394:
5392:
5384:
5379:
5377:
5375:
5373:
5365:
5360:
5358:
5356:
5354:
5347:
5346:3-11-016294-6
5343:
5339:
5333:
5327:
5323:
5319:
5313:
5305:
5299:
5295:
5294:
5289:
5283:
5277:
5273:
5269:
5266:Hunt, Ailsa.
5263:
5256:
5251:
5244:
5239:
5237:
5235:
5233:
5231:
5229:
5227:
5225:
5223:
5215:
5210:
5203:
5198:
5191:
5186:
5184:
5176:
5171:
5169:
5161:
5156:
5154:
5146:
5141:
5139:
5137:
5135:
5126:
5122:
5118:
5111:
5102:
5097:
5093:
5089:
5085:
5078:
5070:
5064:
5060:
5056:
5055:
5047:
5039:
5033:
5029:
5028:
5020:
5018:
5010:
5005:
5003:
5001:
4993:
4988:
4982:
4978:
4974:
4968:
4961:
4956:
4950:, p. 14.
4949:
4944:
4942:
4935:, p. 526
4934:
4930:
4925:
4918:
4914:
4910:
4906:
4902:
4897:
4889:
4883:
4879:
4878:
4870:
4862:
4856:
4852:
4851:
4843:
4836:
4831:
4829:
4827:
4819:
4814:
4812:
4810:
4802:
4797:
4789:
4783:
4779:
4778:
4770:
4763:
4758:
4756:
4754:
4752:
4750:
4748:
4746:
4737:
4733:
4729:
4722:
4716:
4713:
4707:
4700:
4695:
4688:
4684:
4676:
4672:
4668:
4663:
4656:
4652:
4648:
4643:
4637:, p. 82.
4636:
4631:
4629:
4622:, p. 32.
4621:
4616:
4609:
4604:
4597:
4592:
4590:
4588:
4580:
4575:
4573:
4565:
4560:
4558:
4551:
4550:90-5183-697-X
4547:
4543:
4537:
4530:(2): 189–195.
4529:
4525:
4521:
4514:
4508:
4504:
4500:
4494:
4486:
4484:90-04-13009-8
4480:
4476:
4472:
4468:
4464:
4458:
4451:
4446:
4444:
4442:
4434:
4429:
4421:
4417:
4413:
4409:
4405:
4401:
4397:
4393:
4386:
4378:
4374:
4370:
4366:
4359:
4352:
4347:
4339:
4335:
4331:
4327:
4323:
4319:
4312:
4310:
4302:
4296:
4289:
4284:
4277:
4272:
4270:
4262:
4257:
4250:
4245:
4243:
4241:
4239:
4237:
4235:
4233:
4225:(1): 139–158.
4224:
4221:(in French).
4220:
4216:
4209:
4201:
4197:
4193:
4189:
4185:
4181:
4174:
4167:
4159:
4155:
4151:
4147:
4140:
4131:
4126:
4122:
4118:
4111:
4104:
4099:
4097:
4088:
4082:
4078:
4074:
4073:
4065:
4058:
4054:
4050:
4046:
4042:
4038:
4034:
4029:
4027:
4025:
4023:
4021:
4013:
4008:
4006:
4004:
4002:
4000:
3998:
3996:
3988:
3983:
3975:
3971:
3967:
3963:
3959:
3955:
3948:
3940:
3934:
3930:
3929:
3921:
3914:
3908:
3901:
3896:
3888:
3884:
3877:
3870:
3865:
3863:
3861:
3853:
3848:
3841:
3836:
3829:
3824:
3816:
3812:
3808:
3804:
3797:
3789:
3783:
3779:
3772:
3764:
3760:
3756:
3752:
3745:
3738:
3733:
3726:
3721:
3713:
3706:
3699:
3694:
3687:
3682:
3680:
3672:
3667:
3665:
3663:
3656:, p. 71.
3655:
3650:
3643:
3638:
3636:
3634:
3626:
3622:
3618:
3612:
3604:
3598:
3594:
3593:
3585:
3578:
3573:
3566:
3561:
3559:
3551:
3545:
3538:
3533:
3525:
3521:
3520:
3512:
3506:, p. 66.
3505:
3500:
3498:
3496:
3494:
3486:
3481:
3479:
3477:
3475:
3473:
3471:
3469:
3467:
3465:
3463:
3461:
3459:
3457:
3449:
3445:
3441:
3437:
3432:
3430:
3428:
3420:
3415:
3406:
3401:
3397:
3393:
3389:
3382:
3375:
3370:
3368:
3366:
3364:
3362:
3360:
3358:
3356:
3354:
3352:
3350:
3348:
3346:
3344:
3336:
3331:
3329:
3327:
3325:
3323:
3315:
3310:
3308:
3306:
3304:
3302:
3300:
3298:
3296:
3288:
3283:
3281:
3279:
3277:
3275:
3273:
3271:
3269:
3267:
3262:
3248:
3247:
3243:
3239:
3238:
3234:
3230:
3224:
3220:
3212:
3210:
3206:
3203:
3200:
3197:
3193:
3183:
3181:
3177:
3173:
3169:
3165:
3161:
3156:
3154:
3153:
3148:
3145:
3141:
3137:
3133:
3129:
3125:
3121:
3117:
3113:
3109:
3099:
3097:
3096:
3091:
3087:
3083:
3079:
3075:
3071:
3067:
3063:
3062:
3057:
3049:
3045:
3040:
3031:
3029:
3025:
3021:
3006:
3005:
3000:
2997:
2994:
2993:
2988:
2985:
2984:
2982:
2979:
2978:
2977:
2965:
2961:
2960:
2955:
2954:
2952:
2945:
2941:
2937:
2933:
2929:
2924:
2920:
2916:
2912:
2908:
2904:
2899:
2892:
2886:
2882:
2878:
2871:
2867:
2866:
2861:
2860:
2858:
2854:
2850:
2847:
2846:
2844:
2839:
2836:
2831:
2827:
2824:
2819:
2815:
2812:
2810:, "heavenly",
2809:
2805:
2802:
2801:
2799:
2795:
2792:
2787:
2783:
2779:
2775:
2771:
2767:
2766:
2761:
2757:
2753:
2750:
2749:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2727:
2724:
2723:
2721:
2717:
2716:
2715:
2713:
2709:
2705:
2690:
2686:
2682:
2678:
2674:
2671:
2670:
2668:
2667:
2662:
2659:
2654:
2650:
2646:
2643:
2640:
2636:
2632:
2628:
2624:
2620:
2616:
2612:
2608:
2604:
2601:
2598:
2594:
2590:
2586:
2582:
2578:
2574:
2570:
2567:
2566:
2564:
2560:
2556:
2553:
2552:
2551:
2543:
2539:
2536:
2533:
2529:
2525:
2522:
2515:
2514:
2509:
2505:
2501:
2498:
2497:
2495:
2491:
2490:
2485:
2481:
2478:
2475:
2474:Aberdeenshire
2471:
2467:
2463:
2459:
2455:
2451:
2447:
2443:
2439:
2435:
2431:
2427:
2424:
2419:
2418:sacred waters
2409:
2405:
2404:
2399:
2398:
2395:
2390:
2387:
2383:
2378:
2375:
2374:
2372:
2368:
2364:
2360:
2357:
2352:
2348:
2344:
2341:
2338:
2334:
2330:
2326:
2323:
2316:
2312:
2311:
2306:
2302:
2299:
2298:
2296:
2295:
2290:
2289:
2284:
2283:
2278:
2277:
2271:
2270:
2264:
2261:
2260:
2257:
2251:
2246:
2243:
2242:
2240:
2236:
2233:
2226:
2225:
2220:
2216:
2212:
2209:
2206:
2202:
2198:
2194:
2190:
2186:
2183:
2181:("army-god"),
2180:
2176:
2172:
2169:("god of the
2168:
2164:
2161:
2157:
2153:
2149:
2145:
2141:
2137:
2136:
2131:
2128:
2127:
2125:
2121:
2117:
2113:
2110:
2106:
2102:
2098:
2094:
2093:
2087:
2083:
2079:
2078:
2076:
2072:
2068:
2064:
2061:
2054:
2050:
2046:
2042:
2038:
2034:
2030:
2026:
2023:
2018:
2017:
2012:
2009:
2008:
2006:
2002:
2001:
1999:
1995:
1992:
1991:
1989:
1985:
1982:
1975:
1971:
1968:
1967:
1965:
1961:
1957:
1956:
1951:
1948:
1945:
1944:
1939:
1935:
1934:
1929:
1926:
1925:
1923:
1919:
1915:
1912:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1902:
1899:
1895:
1891:
1890:
1889:
1887:
1883:
1879:
1871:
1866:
1854:
1850:
1847:
1843:
1842:w(i)tš- pati-
1836:
1831:
1827:
1823:
1819:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1806:
1803:
1800:
1796:
1793:
1789:
1786:
1783:
1779:
1776:
1773:
1769:
1768:attas Isanus,
1765:
1762:
1761:
1760:
1754:
1752:
1749:*sindos dago-
1746:
1742:
1738:
1736:
1731:
1727:
1724:
1721:
1720:
1714:
1713:
1707:
1704:
1701:
1697:
1694:
1693:
1688:
1685:
1682:
1678:
1677:
1671:
1668:
1667:
1666:
1664:
1660:
1652:
1650:
1638:
1634:
1630:
1628:
1623:
1620:
1615:
1608:
1604:
1601:
1597:
1590:
1586:
1582:
1578:
1575:
1570:
1566:
1561:
1555:
1554:
1548:
1542:
1538:
1535:
1534:
1532:
1528:
1525:
1524:
1521:
1511:
1504:
1498:
1495:
1490:
1483:
1479:
1476:
1475:
1473:
1469:
1466:
1460:(Ζεῦς πατήρ;
1459:
1455:
1452:
1451:
1449:
1441:
1436:
1428:
1425:
1424:
1423:
1422:
1418:
1406:
1402:
1397:
1381:
1380:
1375:
1371:
1368:
1365:
1361:
1358:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1340:
1338:"to strike"),
1337:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1324:
1319:
1315:
1314:
1309:
1306:
1301:
1297:
1296:
1291:
1288:
1287:
1285:
1281:
1278:
1275:
1274:
1269:
1265:
1262:
1257:
1254:attached to *
1253:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1226:
1225:
1223:
1219:
1216:
1211:
1210:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1194:
1191:
1187:
1184:
1181:
1177:
1171:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1155:
1154:
1152:
1151:*diéu-, *diu-
1148:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1114:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1088:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1074:
1069:
1064:
1058:
1057:
1052:
1049:
1042:
1038:
1037:
1032:
1031:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1010:
1009:
1006:
1000:
997:
990:
986:
982:
978:
977:Boeotian Lac.
974:
967:
966:
961:
958:
957:
955:
951:
947:
944:
943:
941:
937:
933:
929:
926:
921:
917:
913:
912:
907:
903:
899:
896:
893:
889:
885:
884:
879:
876:
875:
873:
869:
866:
865:
863:
859:
858:
856:
852:
849:
848:
842:
840:
835:
829:
825:
822:
818:
810:
802:
798:
794:
785:
782:
778:
774:
770:
766:
762:
757:
755:
751:
748:
744:
740:
736:
732:
728:
724:
720:
716:
712:
708:
703:
701:
697:
696:
691:
687:
683:
682:
677:
668:
666:
662:
658:
654:
650:
646:
645:
640:
636:
631:
627:
624:
619:
614:
612:
611:
606:
602:
598:
597:*Dyēus' rain.
594:
590:
588:
584:
580:
579:
574:
570:
561:
559:
551:
548:
547:
542:
538:
534:
531:
526:
521:
520:
515:
514:
509:
508:
503:
502:
497:
494:is "father" (
493:
483:
481:
477:
473:
470:
460:
456:
452:
451:Greek goddess
447:
444:
440:
435:
431:
427:
424:
420:
417:
416:Ancient Greek
413:
410:
406:
402:
399:
395:
394:
389:
388:
384:
380:
377:
373:
370:
366:
363:
359:
355:
352:
347:
343:
339:
334:
328:
325:
321:
317:
314:(3900–3500),
313:
309:
305:
301:
296:
294:
290:
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
262:
258:
243:
241:
237:
233:
229:
225:
221:
217:
213:
209:
205:
200:
193:
191:
187:
186:
180:
173:
166:
160:
156:
152:
150:
143:
139:
137:
127:
126:*Dyḗus ph₂tḗr
123:
122:feather grass
118:
112:
101:
91:
86:
82:
75:
65:
55:
48:
43:
34:
33:
27:
19:
7320:Mitra-Varuna
7315:Divine twins
7310:Trifunctions
7304:
7237:(1): 29–45.
7234:
7230:
7213:
7207:
7171:
7167:
7150:
7146:
7129:
7102:
7098:
7077:
7073:
7048:
7044:
7019:
7015:
6986:
6966:
6943:
6929:
6909:
6889:
6865:
6854:
6830:
6806:
6782:
6759:
6736:
6715:
6689:
6685:
6675:
6654:
6633:
6605:
6581:
6557:
6536:
6512:
6491:
6462:
6458:
6423:
6400:
6380:
6357:
6344:
6327:. ABC-CLIO.
6323:
6302:
6278:
6254:
6233:
6220:
6214:
6194:
6171:
6147:
6123:
6102:
6081:
6057:
6045:Bibliography
6030:
6018:
6006:
5994:
5982:
5970:
5958:
5946:
5934:
5927:Demiraj 2011
5922:
5892:
5887:
5880:de Vaan 2008
5875:
5868:de Vaan 2008
5863:
5851:
5822:
5788:
5782:
5768:cite journal
5751:
5741:
5713:
5706:
5694:
5687:Derksen 2008
5652:
5640:
5632:
5627:
5615:
5572:
5568:
5562:
5529:
5525:
5519:
5502:
5496:
5485:the original
5476:
5469:
5444:
5440:
5434:
5414:
5407:
5337:
5332:
5317:
5312:
5292:
5282:
5267:
5262:
5255:Lehmann 1986
5250:
5243:de Vaan 2008
5209:
5197:
5145:Kroonen 2013
5124:
5120:
5110:
5091:
5087:
5077:
5053:
5046:
5026:
5009:Derksen 2015
4987:
4972:
4967:
4955:
4924:
4913:Demiraj 2011
4909:Demiraj 1997
4901:Treimer 1971
4896:
4876:
4869:
4849:
4842:
4796:
4776:
4769:
4735:
4731:
4721:
4711:
4706:
4699:Treimer 1971
4694:
4686:
4678:
4674:
4670:
4662:
4654:
4650:
4642:
4615:
4603:
4541:
4536:
4527:
4523:
4513:
4498:
4493:
4466:
4457:
4428:
4395:
4391:
4385:
4368:
4364:
4358:
4351:Watkins 1995
4346:
4332:(1): 65–73.
4329:
4325:
4321:
4317:
4300:
4295:
4283:
4276:de Vaan 2008
4261:de Vaan 2008
4256:
4222:
4219:MOM Éditions
4218:
4208:
4183:
4179:
4166:
4149:
4145:
4139:
4120:
4110:
4071:
4064:
4056:
4052:
4048:
4040:
4012:de Vaan 2008
3982:
3957:
3953:
3947:
3927:
3920:
3912:
3907:
3900:Jackson 2002
3895:
3886:
3882:
3876:
3852:Jackson 2002
3847:
3835:
3823:
3806:
3802:
3796:
3777:
3771:
3754:
3750:
3744:
3732:
3720:
3711:
3705:
3693:
3654:Jackson 2002
3649:
3624:
3616:
3611:
3591:
3584:
3577:de Vaan 2008
3572:
3549:
3544:
3532:
3523:
3518:
3511:
3447:
3443:
3439:
3419:Anthony 2007
3414:
3395:
3391:
3381:
3244:
3235:
3228:
3223:
3204:
3198:
3191:
3189:
3159:
3157:
3150:
3135:
3131:
3127:
3123:
3119:
3110:, like some
3105:
3093:
3059:
3053:
3044:Mount Tomorr
3023:
3019:
3017:
3002:
2990:
2981:Paleo-Balkan
2975:
2963:
2958:
2950:
2943:
2939:
2935:
2931:
2922:
2918:
2914:
2906:
2902:
2884:
2880:
2876:
2869:
2863:
2856:
2852:
2842:
2829:
2826:Proto-Italic
2817:
2807:
2797:
2794:Indo-Iranian
2788:of the gods,
2769:
2763:
2755:
2739:
2729:
2719:
2711:
2707:
2703:
2701:
2688:
2684:
2680:
2676:
2664:
2638:
2635:Proto-Slavic
2630:
2622:
2614:
2611:South Slavic
2606:
2596:
2588:
2580:
2572:
2562:
2558:
2549:
2541:
2534:, "goddess",
2531:
2527:
2511:
2507:
2503:
2487:
2483:
2465:
2456:(modern-day
2453:
2445:
2441:
2433:
2429:
2407:
2401:
2366:
2362:
2347:deue Decluna
2346:
2336:
2328:
2310:Vetus Latina
2308:
2305:Christianity
2301:Vulgar Latin
2292:
2286:
2280:
2274:
2238:
2222:
2214:
2204:
2200:
2192:
2188:
2178:
2174:
2166:
2162:
2160:Odin's names
2143:
2139:
2133:
2119:
2115:
2111:
2104:
2100:
2089:
2081:
2074:
2070:
2066:
2044:
2040:
2032:
2028:
2025:Old Prussian
2015:
2004:
1997:
1987:
1984:Balto-Slavic
1973:
1959:
1954:
1941:
1937:
1931:
1924:), a "god",
1921:
1917:
1914:Indo-Iranian
1907:
1900:
1893:
1885:
1877:
1875:
1852:
1821:
1808:
1794:
1791:
1781:
1767:
1758:
1750:
1748:
1745:Proto-Celtic
1743:" (from the
1734:
1732:
1729:
1718:
1716:
1711:
1709:
1695:
1691:
1690:
1675:
1673:
1662:
1654:
1648:
1646:
1644:
1631:recorded by
1625:
1613:
1606:
1603:South Picene
1599:
1595:
1588:
1580:
1568:
1564:
1551:
1540:
1530:
1488:
1481:
1472:*Dyauš-pHtar
1471:
1468:Indo-Iranian
1457:
1443:
1430:
1420:
1412:
1410:
1404:
1377:
1373:
1363:
1353:
1349:
1345:
1335:
1331:
1330:attached to
1327:
1321:
1317:
1311:
1299:
1293:
1283:
1271:
1267:
1255:
1251:
1243:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1221:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1189:
1175:
1160:
1150:
1140:Diós-kouroi,
1139:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1083:
1079:
1067:
1054:
1047:
1040:
1034:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1015:
988:
972:
963:
953:
949:
935:
931:
915:
909:
905:
901:
891:
887:
881:
871:
868:Indo-Iranian
861:
854:
827:
823:
812:
808:
806:
758:
749:
742:
739:Divine Twins
714:
710:
706:
704:
699:
693:
689:
686:Dyēus Ph₂tḗr
685:
680:
675:
674:
642:
638:
623:Indo-Iranian
617:
615:
608:
596:
592:
591:
582:
576:
573:Divine Twins
568:
567:
554:*Ph₂tḗr Ǵenh
553:
549:
544:
536:
532:
518:
511:
506:
499:
495:
491:
489:
479:
475:
469:Moon Goddess
448:
425:
423:Old Armenian
421:("midday"),
418:
411:
404:
391:
385:
378:
371:
364:
357:
353:
337:
326:
315:
303:
302:appears in *
297:
292:
288:
280:
268:
264:
260:
256:
254:
194:
190:Earth Mother
183:
149:Dyḗus ph₂tḗr
145:
132:
131:
125:
98:January 2024
95:
81:ISO 639 code
77:}}
71:{{
67:}}
61:{{
57:}}
51:{{
46:
26:
7530:Etymologies
7293: [
7105:: 121–144.
7022:(4): 5–83.
5844:Beekes 2009
5797:10316/90494
5672:Sakhno 2017
5202:Marold 1992
5094:: 157–184.
4917:Curtis 2017
4467:The Luwians
4103:Beekes 2009
3883:Die Sprache
3116:Zoroastrian
3108:early Slavs
3088:in central
3046:in central
2948:dat.abl.pl.
2923:Di(e)spiter
2762:; feminine
2609:, "demon",
2397:, a "god",
2377:Celtiberian
2367:*dago-dēwos
2185:Old English
2146:appears in
2109:Old Frisian
1970:Old Persian
1849:Tokharian B
1782:Debess tēvs
1563:), archaic
1547:Dijēs-patēr
1510:Dijēs-patēr
1503:Djous-patēr
1489:Dyáuṣ-pitṛ́
1482:Dyáuṣ-pitā́
1464:Ζεῦ πάτερ),
1405:Iovis-pater
1273:Dei-pátrous
1248:Martirosyan
1202:, a "god";
1180:Anitta text
1168: [
1153:, a "god",
940:dative case
920:Zoroastrian
904:(𐬛𐬫𐬀𐬊𐬱
898:Old Avestan
845:Descendants
661:Ahura Mazda
543:expression
525:Djous patēr
513:Dei-pátrous
510:, Illyrian
501:Dyáuṣ Pitṛ́
453:Pandeia or
446:("today").
381:("day") or
7514:Categories
7469:Sacrifices
7439:Otherworld
7396:Characters
7222:2578205133
6495:. Mouton.
6420:"Albanian"
5827:Ringe 2006
5815:Ringe 2006
5657:Gołąb 1992
5582:1511.06691
5288:Rey, Alain
5190:Simek 1996
5127:: 473–488.
5121:Baltistica
4948:Ringe 2006
4738:: 265–271.
4635:Feizi 1929
3394:(in Ewe).
3392:Mäetagused
3257:References
3114:after the
3070:the Father
2786:cup-bearer
2768:(Δῖα <
2673:Lusitanian
2661:Lusitanian
2577:Old Polish
2385:, a "god",
2282:Dea Tacita
2124:M. L. West
2011:Lithuanian
1853:kauṃ-ñäkte
1753:ollo fātir
1737:Oll-athair
1627:Deipaturos
1596:Iuve patre
1565:Iovispater
1560:Djow-patēr
1531:Dies Pater
1520:Djow-patēr
1458:Zeus Patēr
1116:Paelignian
987:dialects:
754:Pamphylian
741:, sons of
695:*Perkʷūnos
610:*Perkʷūnos
507:Zeus Patēr
449:While the
403:, Hittite
387:Poludnitsa
362:Lithuanian
356:"day" and
224:Messapians
7423:H₂n̥gʷʰis
7372:Smith God
7352:H1n̥gʷnis
7325:Perkwunos
7196:164110389
7121:226337822
6810:. Brill.
6786:. Brill.
6762:. Brill.
6609:. Brill.
6561:. Brill.
6540:. Brill.
6450:161016819
6306:. Brill.
6258:. Brill.
6237:. Brill.
6145:(2010) .
6085:. Brill.
5951:Cook 2010
5939:Mann 1948
5856:West 2007
5620:West 2007
5607:119211760
5554:161532105
5526:Britannia
5175:West 2007
5160:West 2007
4933:Orel 1998
4905:Mann 1977
4687:peren-di.
4647:West 2007
4620:Mann 1952
4596:West 2007
4420:161694789
4288:West 2007
4200:194725375
4035:(2011). "
3869:West 2007
3840:West 2007
3828:West 2007
3737:West 2007
3725:West 2007
3698:West 2007
3642:West 2007
3565:West 2007
3504:Orel 1998
3485:West 2007
3446:(Hittite
3436:West 2007
3335:West 2007
3287:West 2007
3215:Footnotes
3199:taevas or
3168:Urbańczyk
3147:dziwożona
3056:Albanians
2898:dīw-(e)t-
2891:dīw-(o)t-
2865:Dīs Pater
2760:tragedies
2649:Dziewanna
2639:*divŭ(jĭ)
2623:divo-žena
2489:An Dag-da
2480:Old Irish
2438:River Dee
2430:Dubr Duiu
2426:Old Welsh
2400:Gaulish:
2339:, "gods",
2245:Old Latin
2207:), a god,
2175:Fimbultýr
2130:Old Norse
2105:Tīwes-dæg
2088:of Latin
2045:Dievaitis
1788:Old Norse
1726:Old Irish
1679:, "Daddy
1633:Hesychius
1614:dipoteres
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1527:Old Latin
1431:*dyēus ph
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1176:Šiušummiš
1147:Anatolian
1012:Old Latin
813:*Dyēus Ph
715:*Diuōneh₂
635:Euripides
605:Canaanite
430:Old Irish
407:("day"),
374:("day"),
358:divé-dive
251:Etymology
236:Albanians
232:Illyrians
228:Thracians
220:Phrygians
7418:Ḱérberos
7382:PriHyéh₂
7243:40849007
7218:ProQuest
7159:40265088
7045:Folklore
7016:Language
6965:(2007).
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3398:: 7–34.
3196:Estonian
3176:Svarožič
2999:Romanian
2987:Albanian
2818:daeuuiia
2804:Sanskrit
2740:di-wi-ja
2735:/diwjos/
2730:di-wi-jo
2710:"sky" +
2538:Phrygian
2524:Messapic
2462:Galloway
2351:Velitrae
2343:Volscian
2313:and the
2288:Bona Dea
2167:Gautatýr
2148:kennings
2116:Zies-tag
2101:Týs-dagr
2082:Tiwasdag
2063:Germanic
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1928:Sanskrit
1818:Albanian
1747:formula
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1567:, later
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1370:Bithynia
1360:Phrygian
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1250:, from *
1228:Armenian
1102:Grabouie
1005:d(i)jous
886:(द्यौष्)
878:Sanskrit
799:head of
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735:Centaurs
698:than of
681:*Dʰéǵʰōm
601:reflexes
578:*H₂éwsōs
535:for Zeus
530:Scythian
516:, Roman
504:, Greek
486:Epithets
342:Albanian
283:- as an
273:Cognates
240:Hittites
185:*Dʰéǵʰōm
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7347:Dʰéǵʰōm
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7332:H₂éwsōs
7290:Deities
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3811:Bibcode
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2930:Latin:
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2905:- >
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2814:Avestan
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2307:in the
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2239:*deiwos
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1998:*deivas
1988:*deiwas
1950:Avestan
1908:*deywṓs
1901:skyling
1872:, 1895.
1810:Stribog
1805:Russian
1778:Latvian
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1120:Ioviois
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1053:Latin:
1033:Latin:
1024:Dijovis
991:(Δεύς),
981:Corinth
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936:/diwei/
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