308:, shower, bathtub and sink were molded into the structural shell in one piece. One bubble contained a step-up ergonomic bathtub and shower, high enough to wash children without stooping, but just two steps (16 inches / 40 cm) up. The oval tub had the controls mounted on the inside left of the entrance to the oval tub. The other bubble was the bathroom proper with commode and sink. The ventilation for the bathroom was a large silent fan under the main sink, which kept odors away from people's noses. All lighting was totally enclosed. To prevent fogging, the
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197:-wheel hung down from this supporting the roof, while beams radiating out supported the floor. Wedge-shaped fans of sheet metal aluminum formed the roof, ceiling and floor. Each structure was assembled at ground level and then winched up the strut. The Dymaxion house represented the first conscious effort to build an
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extraordinarily positive; nevertheless it was not produced industrially because of (re-) tooling costs. Fuller, a consummate perfectionist, felt he could improve the design and was dissatisfied with the prototype. He refused to begin production rather than allowing the "unfinished" design to be used.
140:
to address several perceived shortcomings with existing homebuilding techniques. Fuller designed several versions of the house at different times—all of them factory manufactured kits, assembled on site, intended to be suitable for any site or environment and to use resources efficiently. A key
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Since there was no evidence of the crucial internal rain-gutter system, some elements of the rain collecting system were omitted from the restored exhibit. The roof was designed to wick water inside and drip into the rain-gutter and then to the cistern, rather than have a difficult-to-fit, perfectly
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house were bought by investor
William Graham, together with assorted unused prototyping elements as salvage after the venture failed. In 1948, Graham constructed a hybridized version of the Dymaxion house as his family's home; the Grahams lived there into the 1970s. Graham built the round house on
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There was to be a waterless packaging toilet that deftly shrink-wrapped the waste for pickup for later composting. During the prototyping process, the idea for the packaging toilet was quickly replaced by a conventional septic system because the packaging plastic was not available. Other features
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was a project Fuller accepted during World War II as an attempt to produce cost-effective dwellings for everyone. The project continued to develop the technological concept of the
Dymaxion House, now incorporating a round floor plan instead of a hexagonal one. The reactions to the prototype were
182:" effect: many installations have reported that a dome induces a local vertical heat-driven vortex that sucks cooler air downward into a dome, if the dome is vented properly—a single overhead vent, and peripheral vents. Fuller adapted the later units of the grain-silo house to use this effect.
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or tile. Fuller chose aluminium for its light weight, great strength, and long-term durability, arguably factors that compensate for the initial production cost. Aluminum was also a logical choice if the homes were to be built in aircraft factories, which, since World War II had ended, had
267:. A painstaking process was used to conserve as many original component parts and systems as possible and restore the rest using original documentation from the Fuller prototyping process. It was installed indoors in the Henry Ford Museum in 2001 with a full exhibit.
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Two
Dymaxion houses were prototyped—one indoor (the "Barwise" house) and one outdoor (the "Danbury" house). No Dymaxion house built according to Fuller's intentions was ever constructed and lived in. The only two prototypes of the round,
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The
Dymaxion House was completed in 1930 after two years of development, and redesigned in 1945. Buckminster Fuller wanted to mass-produce a bathroom and a house. His first "Dymaxion" design was based on the design of a grain bin. During
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Interior of
Dymaxion house showing structural details. Visible are the partially assembled aluminum ceiling, struts and exterior skin as well as the single central post which supports the entire structure and carries utilities and
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bubbles, built as four nesting pieces. The bottom piece is fully plated in tin/antimony alloy and the top half is painted. Each bubble had a drain. No area had a radius of less than four inches (10 cm), to aid cleaning. The
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system, a packaging commode, and a "fogger" to replace showers. The fogger was based on efficient compressed-air and water degreasers, but with much smaller water particles to make it comfortable.
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Criticisms of the
Dymaxion House include its supposed inflexible design which completely disregarded local site and architectural idiom, and its use of energy-intensive materials such as
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The large wrap-around windows and lightweight structures were popular with the children, who crawled on the windowsill, and twanged the bicycle-wheel-style main struts.
208:, water storage and a convection-driven ventilator built into the roof. It was designed for the stormy areas of the world: temperate oceanic islands, and the
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263:, rather than a standalone structure as intended by Fuller. In 1990, the Graham family donated this house, and all the component prototyping parts, to the
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faced into the medicine chest, which was ventilated by the fan. A plastic version of the bathroom was available intermittently until the 1980s.
224:. In most modern houses, laundry, showers and commodes are the major water uses, with drinking, cooking and dish-washing consuming less than 20
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his lake front property, disabling the ventilator and other interior features. It was inhabited for about 30 years, although as an
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As he did when naming many of his inventions, Fuller combined the words dynamic, maximum, and tension to arrive at the term
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621:"Black Mountain College Museum + Arts Center - IDEAS + INVENTIONS: Buckminster Fuller and Black Mountain College"
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worked as advertised, notably the heating, and the passive air conditioning system, based on the "dome effect".
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commissioned Fuller to send these housing units to the
Persian Gulf. In 1945, science-fiction writer
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placed an order for one to be delivered to Los
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Fuller also designed a 10-story variant which was to have been dropped in place by the
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The final design of the
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was a particular delight. The bathroom consisted of two connected stamped
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The inhabitants of the much-modified version of the house said that the
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Prefabricated
Bathroom, Richard Buckminster Fuller, Issued Nov. 5, 1940
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De la Croix, Horst; Tansey, Richard G.; Kirkpatrick, Diane (1991).
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per day. The Dymaxion house was intended to reduce water use by a
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grain-silo house was the first system in which Fuller noted the "
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has restored the prototype and installed it in the museum.
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design consideration was ease of shipment and assembly.
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The Last Dymaxion: Buckminster Fuller’s Dream Restored
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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189:on a single foundation. Structures similar to the
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902:R. Buckminster Fuller and Anne Hewlett Dome Home
521:BuckyWorks Buckminster Fuller's Ideas for Today
449:"Buckminster Fuller: Dymaxion Deployment Unit"
16:Prototype house designed by Buckminster Fuller
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474:Robert A. Heinlein: Learning Curve, Volume 1
336:, rather than low-energy materials, such as
1004:Modernist architecture in the United States
559:(9th ed.). Thomson/Wadsworth. p.
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524:. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. p. 56.
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
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136:was developed by inventor and architect
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598:. Users.design.ucla.edu. Archived from
584:Advanced Manufacturing Office: Aluminum
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930:Buckminster Fuller: Thinking Out Loud
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204:It was a prototype proposed to use a
742:Operating Manual for Spaceship Earth
683:Dymaxion Deployment Units at InfoAge
47:adding citations to reliable sources
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662:New Views on R. Buckminster Fuller
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887:Proposed Brooklyn Dodgers stadium
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649:The Dymaxion House on ArchDaily
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125:Dymaxion House as installed in
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827:Expo 67 United States Pavilion
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341:substantial excess capacity.
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924:Buckminster Fuller Challenge
897:Old Man River's City project
872:Cloud Nine tensegrity sphere
623:. 2009-01-15. Archived from
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427:. Basic Books. p. 132.
390:Monsanto House of the Future
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476:, p. 371. Macmillan, 2010.
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785:Dymaxion deployment unit
402:(similar dwelling shape)
734:Nine Chains to the Moon
660:Chu, Hsiao-Yun (2009).
472:Patterson, William H.
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844:Allegra Fuller Snyder
494:U.S. patent 2,220,482
284:U.S. patent 2,220,482
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201:in the 20th century.
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989:Prefabricated houses
917:Buckminsterfullerene
850:Current solar income
518:Baldwin, J. (1996).
43:improve this article
757:Dymaxion Chronofile
627:on January 15, 2009
199:autonomous building
994:Buckminster Fuller
941:(2012 documentary)
933:(1996 documentary)
719:Buckminster Fuller
395:Prefabricated home
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169:Robert A. Heinlein
138:Buckminster Fuller
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675:978-0-8047-6279-3
654:Henry Ford Museum
507:Dymaxion Bathroom
455:on April 16, 2009
434:978-0-7382-0379-9
271:waterproof roof.
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375:Futuro house
365:Dymaxion map
360:Dymaxion car
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41:Please help
36:verification
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855:Synergetics
815:Octet truss
261:ranch house
236:Description
983:Categories
846:(daughter)
809:World Game
797:Tensegrity
631:2013-08-25
606:2013-08-25
537:2016-04-25
459:2013-08-25
408:References
69:newspapers
912:Fullerene
892:Gold Dome
328:Criticism
257:extension
245:plumbing.
230:greywater
165:U.S. Army
963:Category
882:Dymaxion
877:Geoscope
353:See also
334:aluminum
297:bathroom
252:aluminum
176:Siberian
147:Dymaxion
968:Commons
837:Related
306:commode
222:Eurasia
195:bicycle
154:History
83:scholar
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753:(1981)
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301:copper
226:liters
191:spokes
163:, the
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338:adobe
193:of a
187:strut
90:JSTOR
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400:Yurt
344:The
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