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and by 1833 their business employed 2,000 people and had dominated the cotton industry in the
Derwent Valley. As Arkwright had done at Cromford, the Strutts provided housing for their employees. Belper was already an established village with its own market before Jedediah Strutt began building mills, so he was not required to have as active a role in developing the community into a self-sustaining entity as Richard Arkwright did at Cromford. The Strutts provided education, and in 1817 650 and 300 children attended Sunday Schools in Belper and Milford respectively. Compared with Cromford, whose population had plateaued at around 1,200 in the early 19th century, the population of Belper rose from 4,500 in 1801 to 7,890 in 1831 due to the prosperity of the business. Darley Abbey also expanded as a worker's settlement although it had no market place, so providing food for the inhabitants was problematic. The settlement doubled in size between 1788 and 1801, and between 1801 and 1831 the population increased from 615 to 1,170 with the addition of much worker's housing. A Sunday School for 80 children was established in one of the mills and a church and school were built in 1819 and 1826 respectively.
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locks for a canal, was relatively easy for a railway. However, for a time the
Cromford and High Peak Railway did have the sharpest curve out of all railways in Britain and the steepest incline for vehicles without steam power. The construction of the railway cost was £180,000, higher than the original estimate of £155,000 (£16 million and £14 million respectively as of 2024) but much lower than the £500,000 the canal was predicted to cost (£45 million as of 2024). Having been built to connect the Peak Forest and Cromford Canals, the railways fortunes were closely tied with those of the canals. The line was not profitable as by the time it had opened traffic had declined along the Cromford Canal. In 1855, an Act of Parliament allowed the line to transport passengers as well as freight. Although passenger travel became more important to the railway, it went into decline and closed on 21 April 1967.
540:. The problem of shifting markets affected the entire Derwent Valley; Lancashire was better situated than Derbyshire in relation to the raw materials and new markets. The mills run by the Strutt family also suffered from a lack of modernisation; although they were at the forefront of fireproofing technology at the start of the 19th century, as the machines the mills used got bigger and more powerful, the Strutts persevered with child labour where adults would have been more adept at using the machinery. The company declined and in the second half of the 19th century some of its mills were leased or sold off to other companies. Although the cotton industry in the Derwent Valley declined, many of the structures associated with the industrial processes associated with producing cotton and workers' housing has survived and there are 848 listed buildings in the World Heritage Site.
399: – an employee of Cotchett – that if water power could be perfected there was a market for its produce. He engaged in industrial espionage and gained plans of Italian machines. He patented the design in 1719 and built a five-storey mill 33.5 m × 12 m (110 ft × 39 ft) next to Crotchett's mill. By 1763, 30 years after Lombe's patent had expired, only seven Lombe mills had been built because the silk market was small, but Lombe had introduced a viable form of water powered machinery and had established a template for organised labour that later industrialists would follow.
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invest in researching new technology. He established a mill at Belper, about 8 mi (13 km) south of
Cromford; it was probably complete in 1781. The site was expanded with the addition of a second mill in 1784. Strutt also built a mill in Milford, about 2 mi (3 km) south of Belper. By 1793, two further mills were added for printing and bleaching. The Strutts estimated that by 1789 they had invested £37,000 (£6,000,000) in theirs mills at Belper and Milford (£26,000 at Belper and £11,000 at Milford), and had a return of £36,000 (£6,000,000) per year.
742:'s Cromford Mill and the associated workers' settlement provided a template for industrial communities, not just in the valley but internationally. The reason a settlement was built contemporaneously with Cromford Mill was to provide housing for the workers; the only way to secure the labour the mill required was if homes were provided for the labourers and their families. The success of Arkwright's model lead to other industrialists copying him. Entrepreneurs such as Peter Nightingale, Jedediah Strutt and
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430:. For these reasons, the water frame became popular and widespread. In 1771, Richard Arkwright took a lease on land in Cromford. By 1774, his first mill was operational, and in 1776 he began construction of a second mill at Cromford. During this time, he developed machines for pre-spinning and in 1775 took out his second patent. With
801:, which began production in 1784. He named the settlement associated with the mill Cromford. The mill was the first Arkwright mill in mainland Europe. The techniques for spinning cotton developed in the Derwent Valley were also spread to America. In 1790, the United States had fewer than 2,000 spindles which were powered by
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882:. The Derwent Valley Mills pioneered worker's housing as well as much technology developed by Richard Arkwright, producing an industrial landscape and heralding industrial towns. The Derwent Valley Mills Partnership is responsible, on behalf of the British government, for the management of the site. In June 2009,
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to estimate the cost of building a canal connecting the mills at
Cromford to Langley Mill. The figure Jessop came up with was £42,000 (£7 million as of 2024) which was raised within a couple of weeks. Local mill owners Jedediah Strutt and Thomas Evans opposed the proposed canal, fearing it would
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In 2018, the "Cromford Mills
Creative Cluster and World Heritage Site Gateway Project" was listed as a finalist for the "Best Major Regeneration of a Historic Building or Place" in the Historic England Angel Awards. In 2019, the Arkwright Society employed 100 persons at the Cromford Mills site; the
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The railway ascended from 277 ft (84 m) above sea level at
Cromford Wharf to a height of 1,264 ft (385 m) above sea level at Ladmanlow, before descending to 747 ft (228 m) at the wharves of the Peak Forest Canal. The changes in height, which would have necessitated many
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Richard
Arkwright junior was uninterested in the cotton business, and after the death of his father the Arkwright family ceased to invest in the industry. The Strutt family continued to invest, fuelled by the profits of their mills in Milford and Belper. They continued building mills into the 1810s,
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on the list of World
Heritage Sites. The proposal was successful and in 2001 the Derwent Valley Mills were designated a World Heritage Site. Its status as a World Heritage Site is intended to ensure its protection; all such sites are considered to be of "outstanding value to humanity". The site was
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and
Arkwright in 1784. Dale later established four mills at Lanark; they were structurally similar to Arkwright's Masson Mill and at least two of the mills used technology developed in the Derwent Valley, although the factory system was different from that used in the Derwent Valley. New Lanark was
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was built at
Cromford in 1785 and provided education to 200 children. By 1789, the Cromford Estate was back in the ownership of the Arkwrights, who actively influenced its structure and construction. Cromford was given a market place to act as a new focus for the village. Arkwright organised a
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When the Cromford Canal was opened in 1794, it had cost nearly twice Jessop's original estimate. Between Langley Mill and Cromford Wharf, where the canal terminated in the mill complex, the canal crossed two aqueducts, traversed 3,000 yd (2,700 m) of tunnel beneath some ironworks at Bull
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in Matlock Bath began in 1783, instigated by Arkwright. Contemporaneous with Arkwright's expansionism was the entry of Jedediah Strutt into the cotton spinning industry. Strutt had the advantage that Arkwright had already done all the necessary experimentation with machinery, so he did not have to
817:. Many of the technologies developed in the Derwent Valley Mills endured and were adopted for other textile industries; until the mid-20th century, carding was still performed with machinery invented by Richard Arkwright. The factory system made it possible to produce cheap textiles and clothing.
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Many of the mills built in the Derwent Valley for the cotton industry survive and were reused after the decline of the industry. Some have been reused. Most of the worker's housing survives and is still used as homes. Throughout the 1970s and 1980s, local authorities in partnership with English
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village significantly expanded for his then-new workforce; this system of production and workers' housing was copied throughout the valley. To ensure the presence of a labour force, it was necessary to construct housing for the mill workers. Thus, new settlements were established by mill owners
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Heritage attempted to prevent the deterioration of the houses and mills by giving advice to owners and using grants to undertake conservation work. When the application for World Heritage Site status was made in 2000, 26 of the 838 listed buildings in the area were on English Heritage's
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was formed. The Cromford Mill complex was bought by The Arkwright Society in 1979, saving the buildings associated with the mill from demolition. The charity purchased the site for the purpose of conservation and with the intention of beginning restoration. The mills had been contaminated by
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Arkwright's innovations were not confined to developing workers' settlements; he also had patents on many technologies used for water-powered spinning. They were so successful that rival industrialists risked legal action by copying his designs. His patents expired in 1785, and by 1788 over
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As silk was a luxury good, the market was small and easily saturated by machine produced goods. The next innovation in machine produced textiles came in the cotton industry which had a much wider market and produced more affordable goods. Spinning cotton was a more complex process than silk
513:. Societies and clubs were created in Cromford. The religious affairs of the community were of less interest to Arkwright, and it was not until 1797 that Arkwright junior established Cromford Church; his father had envisaged it as a private chapel for the Arkwright family at
473:, bought a further 7.1 ha (18 acres) in the area around Darley Abbey at a cost of £1,140 (£180,000) and in 1782 built a cotton mill in the village. Arkwright was paid royalties by those who had copied his machines, although some people risked prosecution by engaging in
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extended its line south of the canal. In 1852, the canal was sold to the railway company which accelerated its decline. By 1889 the canal was mostly used for local traffic. It was eventually closed in 1944 as the costs of maintaining and repairing the canal were too great.
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around the mills – sometimes developing a pre-existing community – with their own amenities such as schools, chapels, and markets. Most of the housing still exists and is still in use. Transport infrastructure was built to open new markets for the mills' produce.
615:. In January 1845, the Cromford Canal Company decided to have a permanent pump built to provide enough water during dry conditions. This was made by Graham and Company at the Milton Iron Works, Elsecar. The canal was successful until the mid 19th century when the
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In 1774, the British government passed an act outlawing the export of "tools or utensils" used in the cotton and linen industries. As a result, the only way for the new technologies being developed in Britain to spread to other countries was through
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which was better positioned in relation to markets and raw materials. The mills and their associated buildings are well preserved and have been reused since the cotton industry declined. Many of the buildings within the World Heritage Site are also
517:. The family's attempts to make Cromford self-sustaining through establishing a market was successful, and the village expanded until about 1840. This was even though the mills had passed their zenith and begun to enter decline in this period.
699:, opened on 29 May 1830, and on 6 July 1831 the rest of the line opened to Whaley Bridge. The first steam locomotive on the line was introduced in 1841; before that, the traffic had been made up entirely of wagons.
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within the Derwent Valley for their employees. As well as the economic standpoint of ensuring a supply of labour, the industrialists were also concerned for their employees and families and acted out of a sense of
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in Scotland – also a World Heritage Site – was directly influenced by Richard Arkwright and the developments in the Derwent Valley; Lanark was identified as a potential site for a mill on a visit by
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In the late 17th century silk making expanded due to demand for silk as part of fashionable garments. In an attempt to increase production through the use of water power, Thomas Cotchett commissioned engineer
438:, the process which laid out the cotton fibres parallel, however not all his inventions were successful and cleaning the cotton was performed by hand until the 1790s when an effective machine was invented.
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In October 2013 a programme started to reinvent the silk mill for the 21st Century, incorporating the principles of STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Art and Maths). The museum now opens 4 days a
805:, compared to 2.4 million machine driven spindles in Britain at the same time. The Arkwright mill was introduced to America by migrants from England, many of whom were unskilled. Among them was
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681:, Richard Arkwright junior, and several Manchester bankers – was ambitious; it was expected that steam locomotives would be used on the line, even though the technology was in its infancy and
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was re-branded as the Museum of Making in November 2021. It houses a series of exhibits about the history of the Derwent Valley Mills and the wider context of manufacturing.
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building houses the Derwent Valley Visitor Centre. This features displays of machinery and other items associated with the history of the Derwent Valley textile industry.
793:. Carl Delius worked in England and gave plans for many of Arkwright's inventions to Johann Gottfried Brugelmann; Brugelmann used the information to establish a mill in
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Despite being a major power of the cotton industry in the first quarter of the 19th century, the Strutts' company began to lose out to competition from Lancashire
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continuously and replaced skilled workers with unskilled supervisors to make sure the machines did not break. Water frames varied in size from 4 to 96
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Leawood Pumphouse is now a working museum which still does the original job of pumping water from the Derwent to Cromford Canal, Open on selected weekends.
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industrial processes involving pigments and dyes which were stored in the mills after they stopped processing cotton. With the help of local councils, the
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in 1799 who developed paternalism further than had been done in the Derwent Valley, experimenting with education for young and old and social control.
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by Arkwright's competitors. Arkwright-type mills were so successful that sometimes they were copied without paying royalties to Richard Arkwright.
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in Derbyshire, England, designated in December 2001. It is administered by the Derwent Valley Mills Partnership. The modern factory, or 'mill',
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covers an area of 12.3 km (4.7 sq mi) and spans a 24 km (15 mi) stretch of the Derwent Valley, in Derbyshire, from
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market every Sunday and as incentive to attend, gave annual prizes to those who attended most often. After Arkwright died in 1792 his son,
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mechanised, the other processes involved in producing cotton could not keep up and also required mechanisation. He produced a machine for
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Conrad Jr, James L. (January 1995), ""Drive That Branch": Samuel Slater, the Power Loom, and the Writing of America's Textile History",
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to build a mill near the centre of Derby on an island in the River Derwent. Although the experiment was unsuccessful, it convinced
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The cotton industry in the Derwent Valley went into decline in the first quarter of the 19th century as the market shifted towards
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on the River Derwent, and the transport network that supported the mills in the valley. The site consists of the communities of
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in 1719, but it was Richard Arkwright who applied water-power to the process of producing cotton in the 1770s. His patent of a
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interfere with the water supply for their own mills, but in 1789 Parliament granted permission to construct the canal.
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in Derby was damaged by fire. The building was part of the World Heritage Site and dated from the 18th century.
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for the construction of a railway from Cromford to Whaley Bridge was passed. The proposal – backed by
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Arkwright sought financial assistance, and Peter Nightingale – a local landowner (and grand uncle of
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was born here in the 18th century to accommodate the new technology for spinning cotton developed by
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acquired the canal in 1974 and the Cromford Canal Society undertook the task of restoring it.
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The Cromford Mills Creative Cluster and World Heritage Site Gateway Project, Derbyshire
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in 1979 after the site was abandoned by its previous owners, a dyes and paints company.
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in 1796, they provided direct routes to the important textile centres of Derby and
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Nomination of the Derwent Valley Mills for inscription on the World Heritage List
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who was from the Derwent Valley and an apprentice of Jedediah Strutt. He founded
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World Heritage Committee Inscribes 31 New Sites on the World Heritage List
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which was destroyed by fire in 1890, with wheel chamber on the right.
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In the early 19th century, a canal had been proposed to connect the
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until 1829. The south part of the railway, from Cromford Wharf to
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continuously, meaning it could be produced by unskilled workers.
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running the entire length of the World Heritage site to promote
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is now a working textile museum with the largest collection of
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The Derwent Valley Trust is now involved in the creation of a
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200 Arkwright type mills had been founded in Britain.
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Derwent Valley Mills Partnership (2000), pp. 100–104.
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Derwent Valley Mills Partnership (2000), pp. 102–104.
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Derwent Valley Mills Partnership (2000), pp. 101–102.
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Manchester, Buxton, Matlock and Midlands Junction Railway
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Derwent Valley Mills Partnership (2000), pp. 30–31.
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Derwent Valley Mills Partnership (2000), pp. 96–97.
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Derwent Valley Mills Partnership (2000), pp. 94–95.
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Derwent Valley Mills Partnership (2000), pp. 93–94.
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Inside the £130m 'conservation challenge of the century
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The Derwent Valley is considered the birthplace of the
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The Silk Mill: Derby's Museum of Industry and History.
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restoration expenditure by that time was £48 million.
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History of the textile industry in the United Kingdom
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Derwent Valley Mills Partnership (2000), p. 134.
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Derwent Valley Mills Partnership (2000), p. 110.
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Derwent Valley Mills Partnership (2000), p. 105.
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Derwent Valley Mills Partnership (2000), p. 103.
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Derwent Valley Mills Partnership (2000), p. 100.
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Derwent Valley Mills Partnership (2000), p. 106.
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would be much cheaper than a canal. On 2 May 1825 an
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Derwent Valley Mills Partnership (2000), p. 30.
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Derwent Valley Mills Partnership (2000), p. 29.
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Derwent Valley Mills Partnership (2000), p. 28.
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Derwent Valley Mills Partnership (2000), p. 27.
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Derwent Valley Mills Partnership (2000), p. 98.
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Derwent Valley Mills Partnership (2000), p. 96.
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Derwent Valley Mills Partnership (2000), p. 94.
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Derwent Valley Mills Partnership (2000), p. 32.
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Derwent Valley Mills Partnership (2000), p. 10.
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Derwent Valley Mills Partnership (2000), p. 13.
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was the site of Arkwright's first mill, with nearby
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European Route of Industrial Heritage Anchor Points
1809:. Derby City Council /Derby Museums. Archived from
1785:"Don't allow this valuable museum to be sacrificed"
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Derwent Valley Mills Partnership (2000), p. 3.
406:Model of a water frame at the Historical Museum in
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1900:Transformation of a Valley: The Derbyshire Derwent
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1922:(online ed.), Oxford University Press,
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16:World Heritage site in Derbyshire, England
1916:Mason, J. J. (2004), "Strutt, Jedediah",
1907:Derwent Valley Mills Partnership (2000),
1861:
1140:
1138:
1103:inflation figures are based on data from
920:At the extreme southern end of the site,
679:William Cavendish, 6th Duke of Devonshire
215:Derwent Valley Mills (the United Kingdom)
3294:Tourist attractions of the Peak District
2989:Stonehenge, Avebury and Associated Sites
2908:Cornwall and West Devon Mining Landscape
1062:
824:
710:
637:
558:
519:
487:
401:
381:
321:
1919:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1478:
1156:
1055:
1053:
1051:
1049:
3226:
3141:The Slate Landscape of Northwest Wales
1897:
1712:, Derwent Valley Mills, archived from
1339:Cooper (1983), pp. 203, 205.
1330:Cooper (1983), pp. 200, 203.
1321:Cooper (1983), pp. 200, 202.
1135:
3259:Textile museums in the United Kingdom
2833:
2612:
2501:Derbyshire Dales Narrow Gauge Railway
1967:
1950:Derwent Valley Mills official website
1915:
1104:
1010:
418:for spinning cotton was developed by
1762:, Derby City Council, archived from
1046:
566:, the terminus of the Cromford Canal
2729:Lancashire Cotton Corporation mills
13:
3211:Liverpool Maritime Mercantile City
3011:
1911:, Derwent Valley Mills Partnership
1833:"Museum of Making | Derby Museums"
1791:. 25 February 2015. Archived from
862:and were in a state of disrepair.
14:
3315:
3299:Scheduled monuments in Derbyshire
1943:
548:
3269:Industrial Revolution in England
2593:
2561:Royal Crown Derby Visitor Centre
2047:
1995:Places of Interest in Derbyshire
1653:Historic mill is damaged by fire
1294:Cooper (1983), pp. 199–200.
844:East Midlands Development Agency
685:did not build his revolutionary
496:Arkwright had a reputation as a
206:
199:
176:
169:
3304:World Heritage Sites in England
3136:Pontcysyllte Aqueduct and Canal
1825:
1799:
1777:
1750:
1727:
1700:
1689:
1678:
1667:
1644:
1618:
1592:
1581:from the original on 2 May 2009
1561:
1552:
1521:
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1469:
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1200:
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1182:
1147:
1126:
829:Cromford Mill was purchased by
820:
461:, spread across Derbyshire and
3088:Blaenavon Industrial Landscape
2486:Cromford and High Peak Railway
2110:Derby Museum & Art Gallery
1037:
1028:
1019:
1001:
992:
967:
871:Blaenavon Industrial Landscape
634:Cromford and High Peak Railway
628:Cromford and High Peak Railway
372:Cromford and High Peak Railway
218:Show map of the United Kingdom
1:
3046:Frontiers of the Roman Empire
2927:Frontiers of the Roman Empire
2541:Millennium Walkway, New Mills
2105:Buxton Museum and Art Gallery
955:
950:Lists of World Heritage Sites
607:were completed by Jessop and
492:Workers' cottages in Cromford
3166:British Overseas Territories
2069:Chesterfield's Crooked Spire
2057:Churches and religious sites
1935:UK public library membership
1736:Welcome to Belper North Mill
1475:Conrad Jr (1995), p. 1.
543:
524:The foundations of the 1775
42:Masson Mills, Derwent Valley
7:
3254:Industry museums in England
3234:Textile mills in Derbyshire
2739:Longdendale and Glossopdale
2536:Midland Railway – Butterley
2516:Ecclesbourne Valley Railway
2203:Longdendale Reservoir Chain
2009:Ardotalia (Melandra Castle)
1348:Cooper (1983), p. 203.
1312:Cooper (1983), p. 202.
1303:Cooper (1983), p. 200.
1285:Cooper (1983), p. 193.
1276:Cooper (1983), p. 192.
1267:Cooper (1983), p. 191.
943:
746:founded the settlements of
364:Scheduled Ancient Monuments
10:
3320:
3274:Cotton industry in England
2083:Museums and cultural sites
2002:Castles and military sites
1656:, BBC Online, 16 June 2009
1357:Cooper (1983), p. 206
893:
631:
552:
377:
29:UNESCO World Heritage Site
3201:
3165:
3149:
3078:
3060:Heart of Neolithic Orkney
3022:
3009:
2956:Kew Royal Botanic Gardens
2882:Great Spa Towns of Europe
2867:
2644:
2639:Lists of mills in England
2590:
2574:
2473:
2445:Swarkestone Hall Pavilion
2297:
2266:
2128:
2082:
2056:
2045:
2001:
924:Silk Mill now houses the
706:
642:Workshops and offices at
622:Derbyshire County Council
326:The Derwent Valley Mills
163:
124:
108:
100:
92:
80:
70:
60:
47:
35:
26:
3264:Watermills in Derbyshire
2946:Jodrell Bank Observatory
2289:Nine Ladies Stone Circle
1739:, BelperNorthMill.org.uk
1499:Welcome to Cromford Mill
507:Richard Arkwright junior
358:, and includes 838
2546:National Tramway Museum
2153:Buxton Pavilion Gardens
2120:Pickford's House Museum
1105:Clark, Gregory (2017).
937:Derby Industrial Museum
926:Derby Industrial Museum
815:Pawtucket, Rhode Island
720:Pawtucket, Rhode Island
3016:
2819:Yorkshire Cotton Mills
2481:Barrow Hill Roundhouse
2474:Transport and industry
1928:10.1093/ref:odnb/26683
1898:Cooper, Brian (1983),
1864:Technology and Culture
875:industrial archaeology
834:
731:
661:, which terminated at
654:
567:
529:
493:
410:
387:
190:Show map of Derbyshire
3249:Museums in Derbyshire
3173:Gorham's Cave Complex
3015:
2971:Palace of Westminster
2600:Derbyshire portal
2440:Sutton Scarsdale Hall
2267:Prehistoric landmarks
1535:The Arkwright Society
1504:The Arkwright Society
852:Heritage Lottery Fund
839:The Arkwright Society
831:The Arkwright Society
828:
714:
641:
595:Bridge, and fourteen
562:
523:
491:
405:
385:
322:Location and coverage
263:allowed cotton to be
186:Location of the mills
2979:St Margaret's Church
2913:Derwent Valley Mills
2899:St Augustine's Abbey
2895:Canterbury Cathedral
2511:Derwent Valley Mills
1716:on 27 September 2011
1633:, Derby City Council
1601:About World Heritage
1241:Derwent Valley Mills
979:Derwent Valley Trust
899:Richard Arkwright's
791:industrial espionage
480:The construction of
443:Florence Nightingale
255:at his silk mill in
230:Derwent Valley Mills
148:53.02889°N 1.48806°W
22:Derwent Valley Mills
3183:Inaccessible Island
2243:Shining Cliff Woods
2198:Ladybower Reservoir
1902:, London: Heinemann
1813:on 10 December 2013
1766:on 21 February 2009
867:World Heritage Site
652:Derwent Valley Line
328:World Heritage Site
316:sustainable tourism
305:Scheduled Monuments
234:World Heritage Site
144: /
116:.derwentvalleymills
23:
3032:Edinburgh Old Town
3017:
2994:Studley Royal Park
2966:Maritime Greenwich
2903:St Martin's Church
2699:Greater Manchester
2659:Bradford (borough)
2526:Leawood Pump House
2521:High Peak Junction
2258:Treak Cliff Cavern
2183:Heights of Abraham
2178:Foremark Reservoir
2131:and outdoor spaces
2100:Buxton Opera House
1101:Retail Price Index
835:
732:
655:
644:High Peak Junction
568:
530:
494:
411:
388:
153:53.02889; -1.48806
21:
3219:
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3130:
3123:
3112:
3106:Caernarfon Castle
3101:
3054:
2975:Westminster Abbey
2935:
2884:
2827:
2826:
2789:Shaw and Crompton
2606:
2605:
2506:Derwent Reservoir
2460:Willersley Castle
2279:Hob Hurst's House
2208:Longdendale Trail
2129:Natural landmarks
1955:Leawood pumphouse
1933:(Subscription or
1577:, December 2001,
915:Belper North Mill
878:listed under the
740:Richard Arkwright
683:George Stephenson
675:Act of Parliament
659:Peak Forest Canal
605:Nottingham Canals
515:Willersley Castle
511:Willersley Estate
420:Richard Arkwright
386:Lombe's silk mill
336:Derby city centre
246:Richard Arkwright
227:
226:
3311:
3188:Henderson Island
3157:Giant's Causeway
3150:Northern Ireland
3126:
3115:
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3099:Beaumaris Castle
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3050:
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2941:Ironbridge Gorge
2931:
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2754:Oldham (borough)
2633:
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2609:
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2596:
2450:Thornbridge Hall
2430:St Helen's House
2340:Chatsworth House
2310:Barlborough Hall
2248:Speedwell Cavern
2228:Ogston Reservoir
2188:Howden Reservoir
2158:Carsington Water
2148:Blue John Cavern
2051:
2029:Melbourne Castle
1988:
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1974:
1965:
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1837:derbymuseums.org
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884:Bath Street Mill
860:At Risk Register
848:English Heritage
803:spinning jennies
695:, south east of
414:production. The
360:listed buildings
334:in the north to
301:listed buildings
219:
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66:Cultural: ii, iv
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3007:
3003:Tower of London
2998:Fountains Abbey
2890:Blenheim Palace
2863:
2858:
2828:
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2794:South Yorkshire
2749:North Yorkshire
2640:
2637:
2607:
2602:
2594:
2592:
2586:
2570:
2496:Derby Silk Mill
2469:
2465:Wingfield Manor
2455:Tissington Hall
2375:Hartington Hall
2355:Elvaston Castle
2315:Bradbourne Hall
2293:
2262:
2213:Longshaw Estate
2168:Derby Arboretum
2130:
2124:
2115:Devonshire Dome
2090:Buxton Crescent
2078:
2074:Derby Cathedral
2052:
2043:
2039:Pilsbury Castle
2024:Duffield Castle
2014:Bolsover Castle
1997:
1992:
1946:
1941:
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1876:10.2307/3106339
1852:
1851:
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1816:
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1807:"Derby Museums"
1805:
1804:
1800:
1795:on 27 May 2012.
1789:Derby Telegraph
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1510:on 24 June 2008
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393:George Sorocold
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2961:Lake District
2959:
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2918:Durham Castle
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2759:Oldham (town)
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2589:
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2582:Well dressing
2580:
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2567:
2566:Stainsby Mill
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2491:Cromford Mill
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2420:Renishaw Hall
2418:
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2398:
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2393:
2391:
2390:Longford Hall
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2370:Hardwick Hall
2368:
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2345:Coxbench Hall
2343:
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2305:Alfreton Hall
2303:
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2298:Stately homes
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2064:Anchor Church
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2019:Codnor Castle
2017:
2015:
2012:
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2007:
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2000:
1996:
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909:
907:in the world.
906:
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885:
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872:
869:. Along with
868:
863:
861:
855:
853:
849:
845:
840:
832:
827:
818:
816:
812:
808:
807:Samuel Slater
804:
800:
796:
792:
786:
784:
780:
775:
770:
764:
762:
757:
753:
749:
745:
741:
737:
729:
725:
724:Samuel Slater
721:
717:
713:
704:
700:
698:
694:
690:
689:
684:
680:
676:
672:
668:
667:Josias Jessop
664:
663:Whaley Bridge
660:
653:
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645:
640:
635:
625:
623:
618:
614:
610:
606:
602:
598:
592:
589:
585:
581:
577:
573:
572:Erewash Canal
565:
561:
556:
541:
539:
534:
527:
526:Cromford Mill
522:
518:
516:
512:
508:
503:
502:Sunday School
499:
498:paternalistic
490:
486:
483:
478:
476:
472:
468:
464:
463:Staffordshire
460:
456:
452:
448:
444:
439:
437:
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429:
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421:
417:
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319:
317:
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308:
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297:
292:
290:
286:
282:
277:
274:
270:
269:Cromford Mill
266:
262:
258:
254:
249:
247:
243:
239:
238:River Derwent
235:
231:
202:
172:
162:
157:
129:
127:
123:
119:
111:
107:
104:4,362.7002 ha
103:
99:
95:
91:
87:
83:
79:
76:
73:
69:
65:
63:
59:
55:
52:
50:
46:
39:
34:
31:
25:
19:
3239:Cotton mills
3221:
3178:Gough Island
3117:Conwy Castle
3041:Forth Bridge
2912:
2714:Huddersfield
2510:
2435:Sudbury Hall
2425:Riber Castle
2410:Parwich Hall
2400:Norbury Hall
2320:Bradley Hall
2253:Thorpe Cloud
2193:Kinder Scout
2095:Buxton Baths
1917:
1908:
1899:
1867:
1863:
1855:Bibliography
1840:. Retrieved
1836:
1827:
1815:. Retrieved
1811:the original
1801:
1793:the original
1788:
1779:
1768:, retrieved
1764:the original
1758:
1752:
1741:, retrieved
1735:
1729:
1718:, retrieved
1714:the original
1709:Masson Mills
1708:
1702:
1691:
1680:
1669:
1658:, retrieved
1652:
1646:
1635:, retrieved
1626:
1620:
1609:, retrieved
1600:
1594:
1583:, retrieved
1569:
1563:
1554:
1543:, retrieved
1539:the original
1529:
1523:
1512:, retrieved
1508:the original
1498:
1492:
1471:
1466:Mason (2004)
1462:
1453:
1430:, retrieved
1421:
1415:
1406:
1395:, retrieved
1386:
1380:
1371:
1362:
1353:
1344:
1335:
1326:
1317:
1308:
1299:
1290:
1281:
1272:
1249:, retrieved
1240:
1220:
1211:
1202:
1193:
1184:
1149:
1128:
1116:. Retrieved
1110:
1039:
1030:
1021:
1012:
1003:
994:
982:. Retrieved
978:
969:
888:
864:
856:
836:
821:Preservation
787:
777:acquired by
765:
756:Darley Abbey
744:Thomas Evans
733:
701:
686:
656:
593:
584:Langley Mill
569:
535:
531:
495:
479:
471:Darley Abbey
440:
412:
389:
356:Darley Abbey
332:Matlock Bath
325:
318:and travel.
309:
293:
285:Darley Abbey
278:
250:
229:
228:
18:
2880:as part of
2779:Saddleworth
2531:Magpie Mine
2365:Haddon Hall
2330:Calke Abbey
2325:Bretby Hall
2233:Peak Cavern
2223:Monsal Dale
2143:Black Rocks
1870:(1): 1–28,
984:16 February
901:Masson Mill
811:Slater Mill
779:Robert Owen
761:paternalism
716:Slater Mill
576:River Trent
482:Masson Mill
416:water frame
261:water frame
151: /
126:Coordinates
84:2001 (25th
81:Inscription
3244:Silk mills
3228:Categories
3121:Town Walls
3110:Town Walls
3065:New Lanark
2977:including
2744:Manchester
2724:Lancashire
2704:Failsworth
2689:Derbyshire
2674:Chadderton
2669:Calderdale
2284:Minninglow
1937:required.)
1387:New Lanark
956:References
799:Düsseldorf
774:David Dale
769:New Lanark
613:Nottingham
538:mill towns
459:Wirksworth
451:Cressbrook
397:John Lombe
296:Lancashire
253:John Lombe
236:along the
96:1,228.7 ha
54:Derbyshire
2922:Cathedral
2809:Wakefield
2799:Stockport
2709:Holmfirth
2684:Clitheroe
2556:Peak Rail
2551:Odin Mine
2380:Ilam Park
2360:Eyam Hall
2274:Arbor Low
1892:112131140
1817:5 January
1720:28 August
544:Transport
408:Wuppertal
312:cycle-way
139:1°29′17″W
136:53°1′44″N
71:Reference
56:, England
3070:St Kilda
3036:New Town
3024:Scotland
2984:Saltaire
2804:Tameside
2769:Rochdale
2719:Kirklees
2694:Dewsbury
2679:Cheshire
2654:Bradford
2575:See also
2173:Dovedale
1685:About Us
1579:archived
1422:Saltaire
944:See also
795:Ratingen
783:Saltaire
671:wagonway
650:now the
455:Rocester
447:Bakewell
432:spinning
428:spindles
344:Cromford
273:Cromford
62:Criteria
49:Location
2868:England
2784:Salford
2764:Preston
2218:Mam Tor
1884:3106339
1842:21 July
1770:10 June
1743:10 June
1660:16 June
1545:11 June
1432:11 June
1397:11 June
922:Lombe's
905:bobbins
894:Museums
797:, near
752:Milford
693:Hurdlow
436:carding
378:History
352:Milford
289:Milford
109:Website
86:Session
3203:Former
2774:Royton
2649:Bolton
1931:
1890:
1882:
1637:9 June
1611:9 June
1606:UNESCO
1585:9 June
1575:UNESCO
1514:9 June
1427:UNESCO
1392:UNESCO
1251:28 May
1246:UNESCO
975:"HOME"
850:, the
754:, and
748:Belper
728:Belper
707:Legacy
697:Buxton
688:Rocket
580:Sawley
475:piracy
457:, and
354:, and
348:Belper
287:, and
281:Belper
242:system
3080:Wales
2814:Wigan
2734:Leeds
1888:S2CID
1880:JSTOR
1631:(PDF)
1118:7 May
961:Notes
932:week.
726:from
601:Derby
597:locks
340:weirs
257:Derby
232:is a
3119:and
3108:and
3034:and
2996:and
2973:and
2920:and
2901:and
2875:Bath
2664:Bury
1844:2021
1819:2014
1772:2009
1745:2009
1722:2011
1662:2009
1639:2009
1613:2009
1587:2009
1547:2011
1516:2009
1434:2009
1399:2009
1253:2009
1120:2024
986:2021
935:The
603:and
570:The
424:yarn
370:and
303:and
265:spun
118:.org
93:Area
75:1030
1924:doi
1872:doi
1099:UK
813:at
718:in
582:to
578:in
114:www
3230::
2897:,
1886:,
1878:,
1868:36
1866:,
1835:.
1787:.
1604:,
1573:,
1533:,
1502:,
1480:^
1441:^
1425:,
1390:,
1260:^
1244:,
1229:^
1172:^
1158:^
1137:^
1109:.
1078:^
1064:^
1048:^
977:.
846:,
763:.
750:,
477:.
465:.
453:,
449:,
350:,
346:,
283:,
2853:e
2846:t
2839:v
2632:e
2625:t
2618:v
1987:e
1980:t
1973:v
1926::
1874::
1846:.
1821:.
1122:.
988:.
730:.
88:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.