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was the first attempt at a low cost graphics tablet with an initial selling price of $ 555 when other graphics tablets were selling in the $ 2,000 to $ 3,000 price range. This lower cost opened up the opportunities for would be entrepreneurs to be able to write graphics software for a multitude of new applications. These digitizers were used as the input device for many high-end
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the signal as a digital data stream. By using electromagnetic signals, the tablet is able to sense the stylus position without the stylus having to even touch the surface, and powering the pen with this signal means that devices used with the tablet never need batteries. Activslate 50, the model used with
313:
sensitivity and one or more buttons, with the electronics for this information present in the stylus. On older tablets, changing the pressure on the stylus nib or pressing a button changed the properties of the LC circuit, affecting the signal generated by the pen, which modern ones often encode into
324:
Active tablets differ in that the stylus used contains self-powered electronics that generate and transmit a signal to the tablet. These styluses rely on an internal battery rather than the tablet for their power, resulting in a bulkier stylus. Eliminating the need to power the pen means that such
199:
technology. This embedded processing power allowed the ID models to have twice the accuracy of previous models while still making use of the same foundation technology. Key to this accuracy improvement were two US Patents issued to
Stephen Domyan, Robert Davis, and Edward Snyder. The Bit Pad model
360:
For all these technologies, the tablet can use the received signal to also determine the distance of the stylus from the surface of the tablet, the tilt (angle from vertical) of the stylus, and other information in addition to the horizontal and vertical positions, such as clicking buttons of the
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and ordinary graphics tablets. Unlike touchscreens, they offer pressure sensitivity, and their input resolution is generally higher. While their pressure sensitivity and resolution are typically no better than those of ordinary tablets, they offer the additional advantage of directly seeing the
364:
Compared to touchscreens, a graphic tablet generally offers much higher precision, the ability to track an object which is not touching the tablet, and can gather much more information about the stylus, but is typically more expensive, and can only be used with the special stylus or other
766:
operate in similar ways, but they usually use either optical grids or a pressure-sensitive film instead so do not need a special pointing device. Some of the latest models with capacitive input can be equipped with specialized styluses, and then these input devices can be used similar to
88:
Graphics tablets may also be used to capture data or handwritten signatures. They can also be used to trace an image from a piece of paper that is taped or otherwise secured to the tablet surface. Capturing data in this way, by tracing or entering the corners of linear
304:
technology, where the horizontal and vertical wires of the tablet operate as both transmitting and receiving coils (as opposed to the wires of the RAND Tablet which only transmit). The tablet generates an electromagnetic signal, which is received by the
559:
Graphic tablets, because of their stylus-based interface and ability to detect some or all of pressure, tilt, and other attributes of the stylus and its interaction with the tablet, are widely considered to offer a very natural way to create
341:
Early models were described as spark tablets—a small sound generator was mounted in the stylus, and the acoustic signal picked up by two microphones placed near the writing surface. Some modern designs are able to read positions in three
599:). The technology is popular and inexpensive and offers a method for interacting with the computer in a more natural way than typing on the keyboard, with the pen tablet supplanting the role of the computer mouse. Uptake of
564:, especially two-dimensional computer graphics. Indeed, many graphic packages can make use of the pressure (and, sometimes, stylus tilt or rotation) information generated by a tablet, by modifying the brush size, shape,
686:
shown on the computer screen. Those artists using a pen for graphic work may, as a matter of convenience, use a tablet and pen for standard computer operations rather than put down the pen and find a mouse. Popular
216:
stretched over a solid substrate to accurately locate the tip of a stylus or the center of a digitizer cursor on the surface of the tablet. This technology also allowed
Proximity or "Z" axis measurement.
169:. The clicks were then triangulated by a series of microphones to locate the pen in space. The system was fairly complex and expensive, and the sensors were susceptible to interference by external noise.
724:
offer high-resolution wall size graphic tablets up to 95" (241,3 cm) along with options for pressure and multiple input. These are becoming commonplace in schools and meeting rooms around the world.
464:
on key technologies for graphics tablets, which forces competitors to use other technologies or license Wacom's patents. The displays are often sold for thousands of dollars. For instance, the
395:
Pucks range in size and shape; some are externally indistinguishable from a mouse, while others are a fairly large device with dozens of buttons and controls. Professional pucks often have a
331:
Optical tablets operate by a very small digital camera in the stylus and then doing pattern matching on the image of the paper. The most successful example is the technology developed by
392:, which can only sense its relative velocity on a surface (most tablet drivers are capable of allowing a puck to emulate a mouse in operation, and many pucks are marketed as a "mouse").
774:
products where blind or visually impaired people touch swelled graphics on a graphic tablet and get audio feedback from that. The product that is using this technology is called
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location of the physical pen device relatively to the image on the screen. This often allows for increased accuracy and a more tactile, "real" feeling to the use of the device.
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as a pointing device. They can feel more intuitive to some users than a mouse, as the position of a pen on a tablet typically corresponds to the location of the pointer on the
388:
After styluses, pucks are the most commonly used tablet accessory. A puck is a mouse-like device that can detect its absolute position and rotation. This is opposed to a
356:, the Scriptel design is able to detect the position of the pen while it is in proximity to or hovering above the tablet. Many multi-touch tablets use capacitive sensing.
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or capacitive signal. Scriptel's designs are one example of a high-performance tablet detecting an electrostatic signal. Unlike the type of capacitive design used for
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Papers and discussions presented at the
December 9-13, 1957, eastern joint computer conference: Computers with deadlines to meet on XX - IRE-ACM-AIEE '57 (Eastern)
909:
1508:
1029:
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Digitizers were popularized in the mid-1970s and early 1980s by the commercial success of the ID (Intelligent
Digitizer) and BitPad manufactured by the
146:(for Graphic Converter), introduced in 1964. The RAND Tablet employed a grid of wires under the surface of the pad that encoded horizontal and vertical
606:
Graphic tablets are commonly used in the artistic world. Using a pen-like stylus on a graphic tablet combined with a graphics-editing program, such as
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in the stylus. The wires in the tablet then change to a receiving mode and read the signal generated by the stylus. Modern arrangements also provide
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tablets may listen for pen signals constantly, as they do not have to alternate between transmit and receive modes, which can result in less jitter.
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gives artists a lot of precision when creating digital drawings or artwork. Photographers can also find working with a graphic tablet during their
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make use of tablets in classrooms to project handwritten notes or lessons and to allow students to do the same, as well as providing feedback on
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created the first color graphic tablet software for personal computers, which was licensed to Apple as the Utopia
Graphic Tablet System.
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and several other graphic system manufacturers. The ID model was the first graphics tablet to make use of what was at the time, the new
115:
Some tablets are intended as a replacement for the computer mouse as the primary pointing and navigation device for desktop computers.
277:), pressure sensitivity (level of varying the size of strokes with pressure), number of buttons and types and number of interfaces:
384:
A large-format graphic tablet by manufacturer
Summagraphics (OEM'd to Gerber): The puck's external copper coil can be clearly seen.
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273:
Typically tablets are characterized by size of the device, drawing area, its resolution size ("active area", which is measured in
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Some tablets, especially inexpensive ones aimed at young children, come with a corded stylus, using technology similar to older
1321:
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664:. They facilitate smooth online teaching process and are popularly used along with face-cam to mimic classroom experience.
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signal. The stylus received the signal by capacitive coupling, which could then be decoded back as coordinate information.
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which allows the user to see the exact point on the tablet's surface targeted by the puck, for detailed tracing and
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The first graphic tablet resembling contemporary tablets and used for handwriting recognition by a computer was the
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579:, graphic tablets, known as "pen tablets", are widely used in conjunction with input-method editor software (
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The device consists of a rough surface upon which the user may "draw" or trace an image using the attached
1209:
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color graphic workstation was released; This model was equipped with the first pressure sensitive tablet.
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Corp. The
Summagraphics digitizers were sold under the company's name but were also private labeled for
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submitted electronically. Online teachers may also use a tablet for marking student work, or for live
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There have been many attempts to categorize the technologies that have been used for graphic tablets:
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2004:
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that enables a user to hand draw or paint images, animations and graphics, with a special pen-like
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Canvas. However, they have been largely discontinued by most manufactures in favour of physical
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In the 1980s, several vendors of graphic tablets began to include additional functions, such as
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204:(Computer Aided Design) systems as well as bundled with PCs and PC-based CAD software like
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8:
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747:) were typically equipped with styluses, but accuracy of stylus input was very limited.
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246:, the Koala eventually broadened its applicability to other home computers including the
705:-sized tablets far more expensive. Modern tablets usually connect to the computer via a
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can really speed up tasks like creating a detailed layer mask or dodging and burning.
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into the tablet itself, allowing the user to draw or paint directly on the screen.
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in 1957. Better known (and often misstated as the first digitizer tablet) is the
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and graphics tablets have been converted to a graphics tablet-screen hybrid.
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Graphics tablet/screen hybrids offer advantages over both standard PC
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Some commercially available graphics tablet/screen hybrids include:
285:; etc. The actual drawing accuracy is restricted to pen's nib size.
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1399:"Samsung Galaxy Book Pro 360 review: A beautiful thin-and-light PC"
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104:, a pen-like drawing apparatus. The image is shown on the computer
940:, IEEE Transactions on Human Factors in Electronics, pp. 5–15
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1704:
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963:, Science Accessories Corporation: United States Patent 3,626,483
702:
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Graphic tablets are available in various sizes and price ranges;
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Finally, tablets are gaining popularity as a replacement for the
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981:"BitPad - Summagraphics | 102710374 | Computer History Museum"
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1464:"Audio Haptics for Visually Impaired Information Technology"
1957:
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910:"An Historical Timeline of Computer Graphics and Animation"
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or lessons, especially where complex visual information or
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1030:"Face-off: 1979 Apple Graphics Tablet vs. 2010 Apple iPad"
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for more realistic or natural experience and usability.
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among users who use alphabetic scripts has been slower.
242:, released in 1983. Though originally designed for the
1176:"What Does LPI Resolution Mean For A Graphics Tablet?"
108:, though some graphic tablets now also incorporate an
318:
white boards, also uses a hybrid of this technology.
1005:"1979 Apple II Graphics Tablet | AppleToTheCore.me"
937:Display-Selection Techniques for Text Manipulation
1328:. Forum.bongofish.co.uk. Retrieved on 2013-12-09.
827:"What is digitizing tablet? Webopedia Definition"
2052:
1208:, Promethean Ltd., December 2009, archived from
701:-sized tablets being relatively inexpensive and
694:allows utilizing a tablet as a way of playing.
348:These tablets have also been designed to use an
123:The first electronic handwriting device was the
1339:"Guides / Tablet Purchase · wiki · help | osu!"
1269:, IEEE Communications, Vol 22 No 4, 1984-04-15
212:technology which used wires made of a special
2035:History of computing hardware (1960s–present)
1516:
1502:
1293:
1289:, United States Patent 4,600,807 (full image)
1122:, Science Accessories Corporation, 1988-06-15
1062:Pennington2019-11-25T23:09:00+00:00, Adrian.
165:, used a stylus that generated clicks with a
1309:. Patentgenius.com. Retrieved on 2013-12-09.
861:"Devices for reading handwritten characters"
1461:
1447:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
1423:June 2020, Sean Cameron 24 (24 June 2020).
1159:"User Manual, NEW 1060PLUS Graphics Tablet"
1086:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
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1134:"Basics of Wacom Pen Pressure Sensitivity"
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30:"Computer tablet" redirects here. For the
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1364:. DTC Worldwide. Retrieved on 2013-12-09.
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1119:SAC GP-10 Two-dimensional Sonic Digitizer
956:
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1253:, Mira Imaging, Incorporated, 1989-04-15
770:A graphic tablet is also used for Audio-
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1375:"Motorola Moto G Stylus (2020) Review"
858:
656:devices, especially during university
361:stylus or the rotation of the stylus.
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1234:AirPen Storage Notebook: PC NoteTaker
1027:
441:Some graphics tablets incorporate an
2040:List of pioneers in computer science
1425:"Samsung Galaxy Note 10 Lite review"
1202:ActivSlate 50 Product Specifications
1043:Mackintosh, Hamish (18 March 2004).
934:Engelbart, Douglas C. (March 1967),
843:
652:are also increasingly using them as
516:Kamvas (e.g. Kamvas Studio 22) from
414:range and were recently used on the
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547:projects where conventional used
456:The graphics tablet manufacturer
1266:New Products: CAD Graphic Tablet
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767:full-function graphics tablet.
660:while following along with the
1237:, www.pegatech.com, 2005-06-15
1064:"Industry innovators: Quantel"
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852:
848:, United States Patent 386,815
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819:
468:series ranges from just below
13:
1:
2030:History of computing hardware
1028:Gagne, Ken (13 August 2010).
813:
788:Handwriting movement analysis
667:Tablets are also popular for
493:graphics tablet/screen hybrid
1898:Network interface controller
957:Whetstone, A. (1971-12-07),
754:such as those found on some
300:Passive tablets make use of
7:
1695:Refreshable braille display
1637:Refreshable braille display
1106:, Pencept, Inc., 1983-06-15
844:Gray, Elisha (1888-07-31),
781:
504:19-Inch Interactive Display
10:
2082:
1466:. Axistive. Archived from
1462:Aaron Marks (2006-11-17).
1103:Pencept Penpad (TM) Manual
1045:"Talk time: Todd Rundgren"
859:Dimond, Tom (1957-12-01),
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1250:Hyperspace 3-D Digitizer
752:capacitive touch screens
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2066:Liquid crystal displays
1804:Central processing unit
1300:Wacom Co., Ltd. Patents
985:www.computerhistory.org
873:10.1145/1457720.1457765
722:Interactive whiteboards
601:handwriting recognition
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263:handwriting recognition
238:graphic tablet was the
208:. These tablets used a
776:Tactile Talking Tablet
729:resistive touch screen
646:mathematical equations
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438:
410:Pucks are used on the
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59:digital graphic tablet
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543:There have also been
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405:computer aided design
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265:and on-tablet menus.
256:Atari 8-bit computers
248:TRS-80 Color Computer
93:or shapes, is called
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27:Computer input device
426:Embedded LCD tablets
190:Evans and Sutherland
71:external drawing pad
1362:Interactive Produts
1324:2018-09-12 at the
1319:Successful builds!
1305:2018-09-12 at the
1180:Concept Art Empire
669:technical drawings
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345:Capacitive tablets
220:In 1981, musician
142:also known as the
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2017:
1948:Analog audio jack
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1009:appletothecore.me
833:. September 1996.
831:www.webopedia.com
562:computer graphics
491:Wacom Cintiq 13HD
412:Microsoft Surface
77:) is a computer
75:digital art board
53:(also known as a
18:Digitizing tablet
16:(Redirected from
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1579:Pointing stick
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731:devices (like
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680:computer mouse
648:are required.
556:
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545:do-it-yourself
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321:Active tablets
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197:microprocessor
127:, patented by
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67:drawing tablet
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1470:on 2007-07-07
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1215:on 2011-07-20
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882:9781450378628
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616:Adobe Systems
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483:Sketching in
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236:home computer
232:
230:
227:In 1981, the
225:
223:
222:Todd Rundgren
218:
215:
211:
207:
203:
198:
195:
191:
187:
183:
179:
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174:Summagraphics
170:
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152:electrostatic
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132:
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56:
52:
43:
37:
33:
32:mobile device
19:
1886:Power MOSFET
1869:Power supply
1838:Data storage
1774:Flash memory
1752:Optical disc
1734:data storage
1546:
1483:
1472:. Retrieved
1468:the original
1457:
1432:. Retrieved
1428:
1418:
1407:. Retrieved
1405:. 2021-05-14
1402:
1393:
1382:. Retrieved
1378:
1369:
1357:
1346:. Retrieved
1342:
1333:
1314:
1295:
1282:
1275:
1265:
1259:
1249:
1243:
1233:
1227:
1217:, retrieved
1210:the original
1201:
1195:
1184:. Retrieved
1182:. 2016-11-10
1179:
1170:
1153:
1142:. Retrieved
1140:. 2019-01-29
1137:
1128:
1118:
1112:
1102:
1096:
1071:. Retrieved
1067:
1057:
1049:The Guardian
1048:
1038:
1023:
1012:. Retrieved
1008:
999:
988:. Retrieved
984:
975:
965:, retrieved
959:
952:
942:, retrieved
936:
929:
918:. Retrieved
914:the original
904:
894:, retrieved
864:
854:
846:Telautograph
845:
839:
830:
821:
769:
749:
726:
720:
696:
677:
666:
638:student work
632:
620:Corelpainter
605:
595:characters (
574:
558:
549:LCD monitors
542:
496:
490:
484:
466:Wacom Cintiq
455:
450:touchscreens
447:
440:
409:
407:(CAD) work.
394:
387:
370:RAND tablets
367:
363:
359:
354:touchscreens
292:
272:
260:
252:Commodore 64
233:
226:
219:
171:
163:spark tablet
162:
156:
143:
135:
133:
125:Telautograph
122:
114:
99:
87:
79:input device
74:
70:
66:
62:
58:
54:
50:
48:
1985:Serial port
1976:(IEEE 1394)
1953:DisplayPort
1943:Thunderbolt
1816:Motherboard
1779:Memory card
1747:Floppy disk
1589:Touchscreen
745:Nintendo DS
737:smartphones
713:interface.
689:rhythm game
654:note-taking
608:Illustrator
583:) to write
460:holds many
422:and dials.
342:dimensions.
150:in a small
148:coordinates
140:RAND Tablet
129:Elisha Gray
2055:Categories
1732:Removable
1717:Sound card
1647:Sound chip
1642:Sound card
1632:Microphone
1522:components
1474:2007-06-05
1434:2021-07-06
1409:2021-07-06
1384:2021-07-06
1348:2019-10-18
1343:osu.ppy.sh
1219:2010-05-12
1186:2018-07-14
1144:2019-03-06
1138:Wacom Blog
1073:2021-07-05
1014:2021-07-05
990:2021-07-05
967:2009-11-16
944:2013-03-26
920:2007-09-19
896:2008-08-23
814:References
803:Pantograph
743:, and the
741:tablet PCs
316:Promethean
307:LC circuit
234:The first
167:spark plug
131:in 1888.
110:LCD screen
95:digitizing
63:pen tablet
1995:PS/2 port
1990:Game port
1903:Fax modem
1742:Disk pack
1594:Trackball
1557:Light pen
1429:TechRadar
960:Spark Pen
798:Light pen
642:tutorials
634:Educators
612:Photoshop
577:East Asia
536:Xencelabs
502:Monoprice
474:US$ 2,000
470:US$ 1,000
279:Bluetooth
182:Tektronix
91:polylines
55:digitizer
1974:FireWire
1967:Obsolete
1933:Ethernet
1712:Speakers
1610:Keyboard
1584:Touchpad
1519:computer
1443:cite web
1322:Archived
1303:Archived
1082:cite web
891:17961928
782:See also
735:, early
727:Earlier
662:lecturer
658:lectures
650:Students
589:Japanese
472:to over
311:pressure
244:Apple II
240:KoalaPad
144:Grafacon
136:Stylator
2023:Related
1926:Current
1767:Blu-ray
1705:Plotter
1700:Printer
1683:Monitor
1659:Softcam
1567:Optical
1403:PCWorld
778:or T3.
764:laptops
585:Chinese
566:opacity
462:patents
420:hotkeys
397:reticle
206:AutoCAD
119:History
106:monitor
1881:MOSFET
1821:Memory
1688:Screen
1654:Webcam
1517:Basic
889:
879:
772:Haptic
593:Korean
591:, and
530:Parblo
527:GAOMON
523:XP-PEN
508:Cintiq
254:, and
102:stylus
83:stylus
34:, see
2000:eSATA
1918:Ports
1603:Other
1562:Mouse
1379:PCMAG
1287:(PDF)
1213:(PDF)
1206:(PDF)
1162:(PDF)
887:S2CID
624:Krita
622:, or
570:color
539:VEIKK
518:Huion
512:Wacom
510:from
489:on a
486:Krita
458:Wacom
435:Wacom
401:loupe
390:mouse
376:Pucks
333:Anoto
289:Types
214:alloy
194:Intel
186:Apple
161:, or
1958:HDMI
1874:SMPS
1862:SSHD
1856:NVMe
1852:SATA
1831:BIOS
1449:link
1088:link
877:ISBN
762:and
733:PDAs
711:HDMI
692:osu!
671:and
581:IMEs
555:Uses
533:Ugee
416:Dell
157:The
2010:VGA
2005:DVI
1938:USB
1891:VRM
1848:SSD
1843:HDD
1826:RAM
1762:DVD
1625:GPU
1068:IBC
869:doi
709:or
707:USB
684:GUI
673:CAD
614:by
597:CJK
575:In
443:LCD
399:or
283:USB
275:lpi
202:CAD
73:or
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
