6261:(2000): " ... immigration in the nucleus of the Anglo-Saxon settlement does not seem aptly described in terms of the 'elite-dominance model.' To all appearances, the settlement was carried out by small, agriculture-oriented kinship groups. This process corresponds more closely to a classic settler model. The absence of early evidence of a socially demarcated elite underscores the supposition that such an elite did not play a substantial role. Rich burials such as are well known from Denmark have no counterparts in England until the 6th century. At best, the elite-dominance model might apply in the peripheral areas of the settlement territory, where an immigration predominantly comprised of men and the existence of hybrid cultural forms might support it."
3950:
2430:
migration and population shift seems to be most applicable in the cases of eastern regions such as East Anglia and
Lincolnshire, while in parts of Northumbria, much of the native population likely remained in place as the incomers took over as elites. In a study of place names in northeastern England and southern Scotland, Bethany Fox found that the migrants settled in large numbers in river valleys, such as those of the Tyne and the Tweed, with the Britons moving to the less fertile hill country and becoming acculturated over a longer period. Fox describes the process by which English came to dominate this region as "a synthesis of mass-migration and elite-takeover models."
3133:
3481:
3646:
2989:, however, found that 61 per cent would support such a parliament being established. Krishan Kumar notes that support for measures to ensure that only English MPs can vote on legislation that applies only to England is generally higher than that for the establishment of an English parliament, although support for both varies depending on the timing of the opinion poll and the wording of the question. Electoral support for English nationalist parties is also low, even though there is public support for many of the policies they espouse. The
469:
2250:
3531:
2384:
1860:
2684:
930:
2449:
2338:
3363:
3288:, with the English being the dominant group. Among the leading ancestries, increases in Australian, Irish and German ancestries and decreases in English, Scottish and Welsh ancestries appear to reflect such shifts in perception or reporting. These reporting shifts at least partly resulted from changes in the design of the census question, in particular the introduction of a tick box format in 2001. English Australians have more often come from the
2600:
3247:, 'English' was the most common ethnic origin (ethnic origin refers to the ethnic or cultural group(s) to which the respondent's ancestors belong) recorded by respondents; 6,320,085 people or 18.3% of the population self-identified themselves as wholly or partly English. On the other hand, people identifying as Canadian but not English may have previously identified as English before the option of identifying as Canadian was available.
3889:
8994:
4162:
864:
3827:
318:
3262:
2421:
to Anglo-Saxonisation have been proposed. One is similar to culture changes observed in Russia, North Africa and parts of the
Islamic world, where a politically and socially powerful minority culture becomes, over a rather short period, adopted by a settled majority. This process is usually termed "elite dominance". The second process is explained through incentives, such as the
2282:
earlier settlement of the Anglo-Saxons, it was calculated that up to 6% of it could have come from Danish
Vikings, with a further 4% contribution from a Norwegian-like source representing the Norwegian Vikings. The study also found an average 18% admixture from a source further south in Europe, which was interpreted as reflecting the legacy of French migration under the Normans.
2104:". Kumar suggests that although this blurring is a sign of England's dominant position with the UK, it is also "problematic for the English when it comes to conceiving of their national identity. It tells of the difficulty that most English people have of distinguishing themselves, in a collective way, from the other inhabitants of the British Isles".
4874:; Hunter-Mann, Kurt; Montgomery, Janet; Müldner, Gundula; McLaughlin, Russell L.; Teasdale, Matthew D.; Van Rheenen, Wouter; Veldink, Jan H.; Van Den Berg, L. H.; Hardiman, Orla; Carroll, Maureen; Roskams, Steve; Oxley, John; Morgan, Colleen; Thomas, Mark G.; Barnes, Ian; McDonnell, Christine; Collins, Matthew J.; Bradley, Daniel G. (19 January 2016).
7597:
2426:
aristocracy, in some cases marrying into it and leaving Celtic names in the, admittedly very dubious, early lists of Anglo-Saxon dynasties. But how we identify the surviving
Britons in areas of predominantly Anglo-Saxon settlement, either archaeologically or linguistically, is still one of the deepest problems of early English history."
2380:, in Cumbria: a 4th-century inscription says that the Roman military unit "Numerus Maurorum Aurelianorum" ("unit of Aurelian Moors") from Mauretania (Morocco) was stationed there. Although the Roman Empire incorporated peoples from far and wide, genetic studies suggest the Romans did not significantly mix into the British population.
3107:
of birth, revealing that 8.1% of
Scotland's population, 3.7% of the population of Northern Ireland and 20% of the Welsh population were born in England. Similarly, the census of the Republic of Ireland does not collect information on ethnicity, but it does record that there are over 200,000 people living in Ireland who were born in
2274:
to those from the Iron Age and Roman burials, while samples from much of modern
England, East Anglia in particular, were closer to the Anglo-Saxon-era burial. This was found to demonstrate a "profound impact" from the Anglo-Saxon migrations on the modern English gene pool, though no specific percentages were given in the study.
5337:
3527:, whether or not they have been baptised in the church. Actual attendance has declined steadily since 1890, with around one million, or 10% of the baptised population attending Sunday services on a regular basis (defined as once a month or more) and three million -roughly 15%- joining Christmas Eve and Christmas services.
6241:
3523:. In 2010, the Church of England counted 25 million baptised members out of the 41 million Christians in Great Britain's population of about 60 million; around the same time, it also claimed to baptise one in eight newborn children. Generally, anyone in England may marry or be buried at their local
4566:
2937:. In policy areas for which the devolved administrations in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland have responsibility, the UK Parliament votes on laws that consequently only apply to England. Because the Westminster Parliament is composed of MPs from throughout the United Kingdom, this has given rise to the "
2997:, accounting for 0.3 per cent of all votes cast in England. Kumar argued in 2010 that "despite devolution and occasional bursts of English nationalism – more an expression of exasperation with the Scots or Northern Irish – the English remain on the whole satisfied with current constitutional arrangements".
3306:, 7.8 million or 36.1% of the population identified as "English" or a combination including English, a numerical increase from 7.2 million over the 2011 census figure. The census also documented 907,572 residents or 3.9% of Australia as being born in England, and are the largest overseas-born population.
2896:
was encouraged due to labour shortages during post World War II rebuilding. However, these groups are often still considered to be ethnic minorities and research has shown that black and Asian people in the UK are more likely to identify as
British rather than with one of the state's four constituent
2625:
elite almost universally replaced the Anglo-Saxon aristocracy and church leaders. After the conquest, "English" normally included all natives of
England, whether they were of Anglo-Saxon, Scandinavian or Celtic ancestry, to distinguish them from the Norman invaders, who were regarded as "Norman" even
2420:
This view was later re-evaluated by some archaeologists and historians, with a more small-scale migration being posited, possibly based around an elite of male warriors that took over the rule of the country and gradually acculturated the people living there. Within this theory, two processes leading
2273:
Another 2016 study conducted using evidence from burials found in northern
England, found that a significant genetic difference was present in bodies from the Iron Age and the Roman period on the one hand, and the Anglo-Saxon period on the other. Samples from modern-day Wales were found to be similar
2269:
One 2016 study, using Iron Age and Anglo-Saxon era DNA found at grave sites in
Cambridgeshire, calculated that ten modern day eastern English samples had 38% Anglo-Saxon ancestry on average, while ten Welsh and Scottish samples each had 30% Anglo-Saxon ancestry, with a large statistical spread in all
3106:
From the earliest times, English people have left England to settle in other parts of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. It is impossible to identify their numbers, as British censuses have historically not invited respondents to identify themselves as English. However, the census does record place
2972:
Recent surveys of public opinion on the establishment of an English parliament have given widely varying conclusions. In the first five years of devolution for Scotland and Wales, support in England for the establishment of an English parliament was low at between 16 and 19%, according to successive
2960:
and Richard Hayton, meanwhile, argue that the resurgence in English nationalism predates devolution, being observable in the early 1990s, but that this resurgence does not necessarily have negative implications for the perception of the UK as a political union. Others question whether devolution has
2794:
Throughout the history of the UK, the English have been dominant in population and in political weight. As a consequence, notions of 'Englishness' and 'Britishness' are often very similar. At the same time, after the Union of 1707, the English, along with the other peoples of the British Isles, have
2483:
However, Alfred's successors subsequently won military victories against the Danes, incorporating much of the Danelaw into the nascent kingdom of England. Danish invasions continued into the 11th century, and there were both English and Danish kings in the period following the unification of England
2265:
The influence of later invasions and migrations on the English population has been debated, as studies that sampled only modern DNA have produced uncertain results and have thus been subject to a large variety of interpretations. More recently, however, ancient DNA has been used to provide a clearer
7594:
4499:
The 2011 England and Wales census reports that in England and Wales 32.4 million people associated themselves with an English identity alone and 37.6 million identified themselves with an English identity either on its own or combined with other identities, being 57.7% and 67.1% respectively of the
2900:
A nationally representative survey published in June 2021 found that a majority of respondents thought that being English was not dependent on race. 77% of white respondents in England agreed that "Being English is open to people of different ethnic backgrounds who identify as English", whereas 14%
3447:
Since the Port of Valparaíso opened its coasts to free trade in 1811, the English began to congregate in Valparaíso. The English eventually numbered more than 32,000 during the port of Valparaíso's boom period during the saltpeter bonanza at the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th centuries.
3324:
English ancestry is the largest single ancestry New Zealanders share. Several million New Zealanders are estimated to have some English ancestry From 1840, the English comprised the largest single group among New Zealand's overseas-born, consistently being over 50 percent of the total population.
2429:
An emerging view is that the degree of population replacement by the Anglo-Saxons, and thus the degree of survival of the Romano-Britons, varied across England, and that as such the overall settlement of Britain by the Anglo-Saxons cannot be described by any one process in particular. Large-scale
2281:
A major 2020 study, which used DNA from Viking-era burials in various regions across Europe, found that modern English samples showed nearly equal contributions from a native British "North Atlantic" population and a Danish-like population. While much of the latter signature was attributed to the
2277:
A third study combined the ancient data from both of the preceding studies and compared it to a large number of modern samples from across Britain and Ireland. This study found that modern southern, central and eastern English populations were of "a predominantly Anglo-Saxon-like ancestry" while
4735:
Leslie, Stephen; Winney, Bruce; Hellenthal, Garrett; Davison, Dan; Boumertit, Abdelhamid; Day, Tammy; Hutnik, Katarzyna; Royrvik, Ellen C.; Cunliffe, Barry; Lawson, Daniel J.; Falush, Daniel; Freeman, Colin; Pirinen, Matti; Myers, Simon; Robinson, Mark; Donnelly, Peter; Bodmer, Walter (19 March
3381:
was an emerging nation and the settlers were welcomed for the stability they brought to commercial life. As the 19th century progressed, more English families arrived, and many bought land to develop the potential of the Argentine pampas for the large-scale growing of crops. The English founded
3228:
of English heritage are often seen, and identify, as simply "American" due to the many historic cultural ties between England and the U.S. and their influence on the country's population. Relative to ethnic groups of other European origins, this may be due to the early establishment of English
2909:
The 1990s witnessed a resurgence of English national identity. Survey data shows a rise in the number of people in England describing their national identity as English and a fall in the number describing themselves as British. Today, black and minority ethnic people of England still generally
2234:
The close genetic affinity of these Beaker people to Continental North Europeans means that British and Irish populations cluster genetically very closely with other Northwest European populations, regardless of how much Anglo-Saxon and Viking ancestry was introduced during the 1st millennium.
2901:
were of the view that "Only people who are white count as truly English". Amongst ethnic minority respondents, the equivalent figures were 68% and 19%. Research has found that the proportion of people who consider being white to be a necessary component of Englishness has declined over time.
2955:
argues that "In the early years of devolution...there was little sign" of an English backlash against devolution for Scotland and Wales, but that more recently survey data shows tentative signs of "a form of English nationalism...beginning to emerge among the general public". Michael Kenny,
2649:
remaining the prestige language of government and law largely out of social inertia. For example, Orderic Vitalis, a historian born in 1075 and the son of a Norman knight, said that he learned French only as a second language. Anglo-Norman continued to be used by the Plantagenet kings until
2425:
outlined in the law code of Ine of Wessex which produced an incentive to become Anglo-Saxon or at least English speaking. Historian Malcolm Todd writes, "It is much more likely that a large proportion of the British population remained in place and was progressively dominated by a Germanic
2054:
England itself has no devolved government. The 1990s witnessed a rise in English self-awareness. This is linked to the expressions of national self-awareness of the other British nations of Wales, Scotland and, to some extent, Northern Ireland which take their most solid form in the new
2941:", a reference to the situation in which MPs representing constituencies outside England can vote on matters affecting only England, but MPs cannot vote on the same matters in relation to the other parts of the UK. Consequently, groups such as the CEP have called for the creation of a
8113:
the presence of the Canadian example has led to an increase in Canadian being reported and has had an impact on the counts of other groups, especially for French, English, Irish and Scottish. People who previously reported these origins in the census had the tendency to now report
4615:
The number of people who described themselves as white in terms of population group and specified their first language as English in South Africa's 2011 Census was 1,603,575. The total white population with a first language specified was 4,461,409 and the total population was
4556:
2398:
and their relationship with the Romano-British is a matter of debate. The traditional view is that a mass invasion by various Anglo-Saxon tribes largely displaced the indigenous British population in southern and eastern Britain (modern-day England with the exception of
6279:
3163:
regard this as an undercount, as the index of inconsistency is high, and many, if not most, people from English stock have a tendency (since the introduction of a new 'American' category and ignoring the ancestry question in the 2000 census) to identify as simply
2099:
describes a common slip of the tongue in which people say "English, I mean British". He notes that this slip is normally made only by the English themselves and by foreigners: "Non-English members of the United Kingdom rarely say 'British' when they mean
2654:
came to the throne. Over time the English language became more important even in the court, and the Normans were gradually assimilated, until, by the 14th century, both rulers and subjects regarded themselves as English and spoke the English language.
2813:
England has been the destination of varied numbers of migrants at different periods from the 17th century onwards. While some members of these groups seek to practise a form of pluralism, attempting to maintain a separate ethnic identity, others have
8034:
2573:
began to form when the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms united against Danish Viking invasions, which began around 800 AD. Over the following century and a half England was for the most part a politically unified entity, and remained permanently so after 954.
4795:
Schiffels, Stephan; Haak, Wolfgang; Paajanen, Pirita; Llamas, Bastien; Popescu, Elizabeth; Loe, Louise; Clarke, Rachel; Lyons, Alice; Mortimer, Richard; Sayer, Duncan; Tyler-Smith, Chris; Cooper, Alan; Durbin, Richard (19 January 2016).
2977:. A report, also based on the British Social Attitudes Survey, published in December 2010 suggests that only 29% of people in England support the establishment of an English parliament, though this figure had risen from 17% in 2007.
7872:
3190:, over 49 million (49,598,035) Americans claimed English ancestry, at the time around 26.3% of the total population and largest reported group which, even today, would make them the largest ethnic group in the United States.
4486:
6272:
2121:
was launched a generation ago, "England" was still an all-embracing word. It meant indiscriminately England and Wales; Great Britain; the United Kingdom; and even the British Empire. Foreigners used it as the name of a
2371:
meant that small numbers of other peoples may have also been present in England before the Anglo-Saxons arrived. There is archaeological evidence, for example, of an early North African presence in a Roman garrison at
5406:
5312:
5966:
Ross P. Byrne, Rui Martiniano, Lara M. Cassidy, Matthew Carrigan, Garrett Hellenthal, Orla Hardiman, Daniel G. Bradley, Russell McLaughlin: "Insular Celtic population structure and genomic footprints of migration"
7670:
6894:
7619:
5647:
Novembre, John; Johnson, Toby; Bryc, Katarzyna; Kutalik, Zoltán; Boyko, Adam R.; Auton, Adam; Indap, Amit; King, Karen S.; Bergmann, Sven; Nelson, Matthew R.; Stephens, Matthew; Bustamante, Carlos D. (2008).
8199:
3155:, English Americans were the largest group in the United States with 46.5 million Americans self-identifying as having some English origins (many combined with another heritage) representing (19.8%) of the
2094:
It is unclear how many British people consider themselves English. The words "English" and "British" are often incorrectly used interchangeably, especially outside the UK. In his study of English identity,
2945:, claiming that there is now a discriminatory democratic deficit against the English. The establishment of an English parliament has also been backed by a number of Scottish and Welsh nationalists. Writer
2791:. The remainder became the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, although this name was not introduced until 1927, after some years in which the term "United Kingdom" had been little used.
5524:
Haak, Wolfgang; Lazaridis, Iosif; Patterson, Nick; Rohland, Nadin; Mallick, Swapan; Llamas, Bastien; Brandt, Guido; Nordenfelt, Susanne; Harney, Eadaoin; Stewardson, Kristin; Fu, Qiaomei (11 June 2015).
5425:
said they were British, while only 5 per cent said they were English, Scottish or Welsh", and the largest percentage of non-whites to identify as English were the people who described their ethnicity as
3775:, English spread around the world from the 17th to mid-20th centuries. Through newspapers, books, the telegraph, the telephone, phonograph records, radio, satellite television, broadcasters (such as the
5766:
Athanasiadis, G.; Cheng, J. Y.; Vilhjalmsson, B. J.; Jorgensen, F. G.; Als, T. D.; Le Hellard, S.; Espeseth, T.; Sullivan, P. F.; Hultman, C. M.; Kjaergaard, P. C.; Schierup, M. H.; Mailund, T. (2016).
3118:, and settled in significant numbers in some areas. Substantial populations descended from English colonists and immigrants exist in the United States, Canada, Australia, South Africa and New Zealand.
2658:
Despite the assimilation of the Normans, the distinction between 'English' and 'French' survived in official documents long after it had fallen out of common use, in particular in the legal phrase
8134:
3608:. 4.8% were Muslim, 3.4% were members of other religions, 5.3% were agnostics, 6.8% were atheists and 15.0% were not sure about their religious affiliation or refused to answer to the question.
2134:, was not ashamed to describe himself as "Prime Minister of England" Now terms have become more rigorous. The use of "England" except for a geographic area brings protests, especially from the
3344:
census, there were 215,589 English-born representing 21.5% of all overseas-born residents or 5 percent of the total population and the most-common birthplace outside New Zealand. In the recent
2472:
were gradually followed by a succession of Danish settlers in England. At first, the Vikings were very much considered a separate people from the English. This separation was enshrined when
2165:, analysing the use of "English" over "British", argued that English identity, rather than growing, had existed all along but has recently been unmasked from behind a veneer of Britishness.
2961:
led to a rise in English national identity at all, arguing that survey data fails to portray the complex nature of national identities, with many people considering themselves both English
2285:
A landmark 2022 study titled "The Anglo-Saxon migration and the formation of the early English gene pool", found the English to be of plurality Anglo-Saxon-like ancestry, with heavy native
8254:
7051:
8314:
7274:
3716:
of the Anglo-Saxon period; in the Northern and Eastern parts of England the language of Danish settlers had influenced the language, a fact still evident in Northern English dialects.
2914:(CEP) suggest the emergence of a broader civic and multi-ethnic English nationhood. Scholars and journalists have noted a rise in English self-consciousness, with increased use of the
5169:
5603:
4474:
2668:
had to prove an unidentified murdered body found on their soil to be that of an Englishman, rather than a Norman, if they wanted to avoid a fine). This law was abolished in 1340.
2066:
Many recent immigrants to England have assumed a solely British identity, while others have developed dual or mixed identities. Use of the word "English" to describe Britons from
6074:
3466:, so influential has English culture been on the cultures of the British Isles and, on the other hand, given the extent to which other cultures have influenced life in England.
2367:"—the descendants of the native Brittonic-speaking population that lived in the area of Britain under Roman rule during the 1st–5th centuries AD. The multi-ethnic nature of the
7699:
7384:
2585:, as Wessex grew from a relatively small kingdom in the South West to become the founder of the Kingdom of the English, incorporating all Anglo-Saxon kingdoms and the Danelaw.
7869:
7304:
5322:
2994:
4607:
7655:
6963:
2059:
political arrangements within the United Kingdom – and the waning of a shared British national identity with the growing distance between the end of the
2011:
who emigrated between the 16th and 18th centuries. Some definitions of English people include, while others exclude, people descended from later migration into England.
7818:
6904:
9290:
8086:
7616:
6877:
8196:
8175:
7028:
2732:
Since the 18th century, England has been one part of a wider political entity covering all or part of the British Isles, which today is called the United Kingdom.
982:
4955:
2211:
Recent genetic studies have suggested that Britain's Neolithic population was largely replaced by a population from North Continental Europe characterised by the
9295:
4270:
1890:
997:
6619:
7737:
4676:
5711:
5626:
2949:
has suggested that like most dominant groups, the English have only demonstrated interest in their ethnic self-definition when they were feeling oppressed.
2808:
8633:
8126:
8051:
5880:
6782:
3712:. In the Middle English period Latin was the language of administration and the nobility spoke Norman French. Middle English was itself derived from the
2270:
cases. However, the authors noted that the similarity observed between the various sample groups was likely to be due to more recent internal migration.
2223:. This population lacked genetic affinity to some other Bell Beaker populations, such as the Iberian Bell Beakers, but appeared to be an offshoot of the
8750:
8907:
5275:
1749:
8569:
2407:, who gives the only contemporary historical account of the period, and describes the slaughter and starvation of native Britons by invading tribes (
2227:
single grave people, as developed in Western Europe. It is currently unknown whether these Beaker peoples went on to develop Celtic languages in the
8592:
8459:
7814:
An examination of the English ancestry of George Washington, setting forth the evidence to connect him with the Washingtons of Sulgrave and Brington
6136:
However the names of some towns, cities, rivers etc. do have Brittonic or pre-Brittonic origins, becoming more frequent towards the west of Britain.
6054:
2645:
Various contemporary sources suggest that within 50 years of the invasion most of the Normans outside the royal court had switched to English, with
6803:
8366:
6930:
6238:
8281:
8238:
8216:
6498:
3704:(the form of language in use by the English people from the 12th to the 15th century); Middle English was influenced lexically by Norman-French,
7787:
7064:
2495:
Gradually, the Danes in England came to be seen as 'English'. They had a noticeable impact on the English language: many English words, such as
10230:
7507:
7338:
3302:
of English descent, are both the single largest ethnic group in Australia and the largest 'ancestry' identity in the Australian census. In the
2787:. In 1922, about two-thirds of the Irish population (those who lived in 26 of the 32 counties of Ireland), left the United Kingdom to form the
2677:
8307:
8007:
7638:
7267:
6105:
6213:
10778:
10342:
6531:
5376:
4423:
Spellings of this name most common in modern texts are "Ethelred" and "Æthelred" (or "Aethelred"), the latter being closer to the original
3382:
banks, developed the export trade in crops and animal products and imported the luxuries that the growing Argentine middle classes sought.
1537:
894:
2356:
tribes that began migrating to eastern and southern Britain, from southern Denmark and northern Germany, in the 5th century AD, after the
10520:
10398:
7131:
4930:
Michael E. Weale, Deborah A. Weiss, Rolf F. Jager, Neil Bradman, Mark G. Thomas, Y "Chromosome Evidence for Anglo-Saxon Mass Migration",
2784:
2726:
1883:
803:
6833:
6652:
5611:
5357:
2480:
to establish the Danelaw, a division of England between English and Danish rule, with the Danes occupying northern and eastern England.
992:
10352:
9901:
9561:
8543:
8395:
7943:
7844:
7566:
848:
7391:
6071:
9833:
7231:
7201:
6756:
6335:
5744:
2524:
7691:
6996:
5851:
4938:
10235:
9026:
8031:
7971:
7300:
7171:
4241:
2861:, current estimates indicate that around 6 million people in the UK have at least one grandparent born in the Republic of Ireland.
1689:
717:
442:
7050:
Jones, Richard Wyn; Lodge, Guy; Jeffery, Charlie; Gottfried, Glenn; Scully, Roger; Henderson, Ailsa; Wincott, Daniel (July 2013).
3337:, given the strong representation in the mid and late-nineteenth century with the English being the largest in migration inflows.
10064:
5431:
2969:
found that 38% of English voters considered themselves both English and British, alongside 19% who felt English but not British.
2804:
2626:
if born in England, for a generation or two after the Conquest. The Norman dynasty ruled England for 87 years until the death of
811:
722:
7755:
7718:
4857:
Martiniano, R., Caffell, A., Holst, M. et al. "Genomic signals of migration and continuity in Britain before the Anglo-Saxons".
4588:
3179:
as wholly or partly English. In addition, 1,035,133 recorded British ancestry. This was a numerical decrease from the census in
9941:
9074:
6378:
1876:
6953:
6452:
4710:
10362:
9945:
9449:
8943:
8889:
8837:
8811:
8733:
8099:
7812:
6860:
5918:
5404:
5351:
4670:
4601:
1803:
1458:
1318:
953:
8697:
8105:
5228:
4629:
2086:
in England described their nationality as "English", non-white people were more likely to describe themselves as "British".
10220:
7060:
6874:
5251:
3325:
Despite this, after the early 1850s, the English-born slowly fell from being a majority of the colonial population. In the
2174:
8998:
5943:
8165:
7018:
6408:
6208:
6129:
4512:
2827:
1018:
642:
3779:) and the Internet, as well as the emergence of the United States as a global superpower, Modern English has become the
2070:
in England is complicated by most non-white people in England identifying as British rather than English. In their 2004
1956:
The English largely descend from two main historical population groups: the West Germanic tribes, including the Angles,
10430:
10357:
9906:
9667:
8496:
8248:
7102:
5488:
2911:
2910:
identify as British rather than English to a greater extent than their white counterparts; however, groups such as the
1798:
1585:
1428:
10773:
9684:
9403:
9145:
8975:
8852:
8669:
8291:
6727:
6593:
6437:
6154:
5114:
3936:
3870:
2395:
2244:
578:
7424:
6627:
6556:
6273:"Large-scale population movements into and from Britain south of Hadrian's Wall in the fourth to sixth centuries AD"
3918:
3852:
10089:
9760:
7733:
4656:
3780:
3535:
3512:
3281:
2892:
populations have only grown throughout the UK generally, as immigration from the British Empire and the subsequent
2795:
been encouraged to think of themselves as British rather than to identify themselves with the constituent nations.
2741:
1724:
1647:
1580:
1509:
1433:
887:
203:
7901:
Stanley Lieberson and Lawrence Santi, 'The Use of Nativity Data to Estimate Ethnic Characteristics and Patterns',
6694:
5707:
5208:
3719:
There were once many different dialects of modern English in England, which were recorded in projects such as the
9285:
9069:
8437:
8170:
7914:
Stanley Lieberson and Mary C. Waters, 'Ethnic Groups in Flux: The Changing Ethnic Responses of American Whites',
5824:
4024:
3910:
2974:
1230:
1149:
411:
8565:
10663:
9650:
9135:
8629:
8308:"Birthplace (detailed) For the census usually resident population count 2001, 2006, and 2013 Censuses Table 11"
8063:
6464:
5873:
4482:
3914:
3837:
3140:
2553:
The English population was not politically unified until the 10th century. Before then, there were a number of
2360:. The Anglo-Saxons gave their name to England ("Engla land", meaning "Land of the Angles") and to the English.
2075:
1928:
1527:
1453:
1443:
1420:
1234:
694:
360:
332:
8783:
6786:
5504:
Parris, Matthew (18 December 2010). "With a shrug of the shoulders, England is becoming a nation once again".
5194:
3413:
and simply to seek out a future. English families sent second and younger sons, or what were described as the
3329:, 50.5% of the total population were born in England, this proportion fell to 36.5% (1861) and 24.3% by 1881.
3229:
settlements; as well as to non-English groups having emigrated in order to establish significant communities.
10435:
9826:
9099:
8899:
8603:
6927:"English identity open to all, regardless of race, finds poll – and Three Lions is the symbol that unites us"
6083:
5285:
5077:
3463:
2665:
2043:
1808:
1785:
1448:
940:
920:
195:
5144:
3132:
10393:
9986:
9691:
9605:
9094:
9019:
8656:
Der English Dialect Survey und der Linguistic Survey of Scotland – Arbeitsmethoden und bisherige Ergebnisse
3594:
2548:
2477:
2357:
2189:
1652:
435:
6051:
2744:, which incorporated Wales into the English state. A new British identity was subsequently developed when
10445:
10372:
10057:
9750:
9705:
9566:
9084:
9079:
9059:
8847:
8821:
8470:
7967:
5238:
3640:
3605:
3273:
2942:
2152:
lists numerous examples in history books of "British" still being used to mean "English" and vice versa.
2096:
1920:
1666:
1642:
1634:
1590:
1556:
1438:
880:
500:
490:
40:
3759:, but it died out in the 11th century although traces of it can still be found in the Cumbrian dialect.
3627:
and the Second Sunday of Easter inclusive, it is moved to the Monday after the Second Sunday of Easter.
10728:
10472:
10367:
10347:
10084:
10006:
9971:
9961:
9745:
9713:
9576:
9516:
9398:
9393:
8967:
8850:(2010). "Negotiating English identity: Englishness, Britishness and the future of the United Kingdom".
8829:
8380:
8220:
7460:
6926:
4343:
3726:
3721:
3073:
2615:
1793:
1059:
843:
406:
285:
147:
7776:
6248:, in Cameron, Keith. "The nation: myth or reality?"bIntellect Books, 1994. Retrieved 21 December 2009.
3949:
2387:
Southern Britain in AD 600 after the Anglo-Saxon settlement, showing England's division into multiple
10225:
9556:
9408:
8343:
7541:
7495:
4538:
4231:
3187:
3180:
3172:
3152:
2869:
2363:
The Anglo-Saxons arrived in a land that was already populated by people commonly referred to as the "
2117:
1620:
1600:
1532:
1472:
1089:
650:
17:
7996:
5818:
Weale, Michael E.; Weiss, Deborah A.; Jager, Rolf F.; Bradman, Neil; Thomas, Mark G. (1 July 2002).
10505:
10377:
10016:
9886:
9819:
9645:
9551:
9521:
9466:
9418:
7635:
6097:
3989:– 25 October 1400) was an English poet and author. Widely seen as the greatest English poet of the
3899:
3480:
2772:
2710:
2660:
2457:
2289:, and newly confirmed medieval French admixture. Significant regional variation was also observed.
2205:
2071:
2035:
1366:
508:
10768:
9896:
9657:
9531:
9130:
9012:
7094:
6800:
6523:
6203:
5343:
4211:
3903:
3848:
3701:
3694:
3345:
3341:
3326:
3089:
2893:
2715:
2019:
1927:
language, and share a common ancestry, history, and culture. The English identity began with the
1924:
1719:
1351:
911:
838:
428:
44:
32:
7997:"Table 2: Persons Who Reported at Least One Specific Ancestry Group for the United States: 1980"
5627:"Thousands of horsemen may have swept into Bronze Age Europe, transforming the local population"
5386:
2485:
10050:
9863:
9674:
9586:
9456:
9321:
9316:
8340:"Emigration of Scots, English and Welsh-speaking people to Argentina in the nineteenth century"
7666:
7141:
6841:, Asian and Black History in Britain, 1500–1850: UK government website. Retrieved 21 July 2006.
5910:
4299:
4236:
4186:
4004:
3315:
3303:
3168:
or if of mixed European ancestry, identify with a more recent and differentiated ethnic group.
3159:
population. This includes 25.5 million (12.5%) who were "English alone" - one origin. However,
2850:
2768:
2465:
2332:
2201:
2193:
1973:
1714:
1401:
1299:
638:
416:
367:
158:
36:
6641:
4130:
in order to find the "nation's best-loved novel" of all time, with works by English novelists
3348:, 210,915 were born in England or 4.49% of the total population, a slight decrease from 2013.
2184:
English people, like most Europeans, largely descend from three distinct lineages: Mesolithic
10653:
10498:
10194:
9723:
9718:
9662:
9471:
8803:
8758:
8166:"Census 2016: Summary of result – Population by states and territories, 2011 and 2016 Census"
7940:
6830:
6316:
Catherine Hills, "The Anglo-Saxon Migration: An Archaeological Case Study of Disruption," in
6179:
Higham, Nicholas J. and Ryan, Martin J. "The Anglo-Saxon World" (Yale University Press, 2013)
4802:
4246:
4191:
3562:
3191:
2946:
2938:
2815:
2220:
1864:
1759:
1565:
1406:
1391:
1386:
1247:
1216:
707:
628:
563:
289:
215:
175:
8539:
6332:"Celtic whispers: revisiting the problems of the relation between Brittonic and Old English"
6331:
2413:). Furthermore, the English language contains no more than a handful of words borrowed from
10272:
10114:
9679:
9633:
9536:
9461:
9388:
9371:
9347:
8935:
7848:
7570:
7223:
7193:
6008:
5663:
5550:
5480:
4887:
4811:
4751:
4516:
4424:
4403:
4314:
4016:
3995:
3760:
3713:
3426:
3366:
3319:
3219:
2819:
2745:
2635:
2409:
2197:
2144:
1679:
1396:
1304:
1242:
1211:
1189:
1105:
764:
534:
6988:
6760:
5976:
Margaryan, A., Lawson, D.J., Sikora, M. et al. "Population genomics of the Viking world".
5838:
5734:
3645:
3183:
where 32,651,788 people or 13.1% of the population self-identified with English ancestry.
8:
10738:
10658:
10515:
10462:
10450:
10151:
10026:
9966:
9931:
9640:
9593:
9432:
9383:
9211:
9206:
9115:
7163:
5819:
5422:
4987:
4329:
4221:
4071:
4055:
4020:
3475:
3256:
2930:
2873:
2842:
2756:
2704:
2651:
2631:
2414:
2258:
2212:
2046:
in general. The demonyms for men and women from England are Englishman and Englishwoman.
2031:
1704:
1674:
1522:
1356:
614:
538:
235:
125:
61:
8405:
7960:
6012:
5667:
5554:
4935:
4891:
4815:
4755:
3844:
2278:
those from northern and southwestern England had a greater degree of indigenous origin.
10548:
10510:
10493:
10440:
10414:
10240:
10186:
10021:
9981:
9926:
9881:
9786:
9628:
9485:
9444:
9413:
9352:
9231:
9163:
9064:
9044:
8928:
8775:
7477:
6029:
5994:
5795:
5773:
5768:
5684:
5649:
5579:
5540:
5526:
5014:
4908:
4875:
4832:
4797:
4772:
4737:
4383:
4201:
3816:
3756:
3612:
3558:
3504:
3492:
3457:
3357:
3244:
3165:
2925:
This perceived rise in English self-consciousness has generally been attributed to the
2877:
2780:
2760:
2749:
2720:
2693:
2627:
2603:
2305:
2298:
2039:
2027:
2023:
1984:
1765:
1699:
1694:
1595:
1570:
1517:
825:
660:
476:
459:
391:
277:
199:
7752:
5527:"Massive migration from the steppe was a source for Indo-European languages in Europe"
4539:"2021 Australia, Census All persons QuickStats | Australian Bureau of Statistics"
10718:
10609:
10467:
9598:
9331:
9326:
9226:
9178:
8971:
8939:
8923:
8885:
8865:
8833:
8807:
8796:
8779:
8665:
8466:
8287:
8244:
8095:
8059:
7714:
7481:
7098:
6856:
6723:
6589:
6433:
6150:
6034:
5914:
5843:
5800:
5689:
5584:
5566:
5484:
5347:
5110:
5006:
4913:
4837:
4798:"Iron Age and Anglo-Saxon genomes from East England reveal British migration history"
4777:
4666:
4597:
4561:
4388:
4378:
4067:
3768:
3730:
3620:
3586:
3566:
3524:
3496:
3390:
3284:
until the mid-20th century, the vast majority of settlers to Australia were from the
3238:
3144:
3136:
3127:
3108:
2990:
2776:
2544:
2342:
2324:
2131:
2079:
2067:
1965:
1833:
1819:
1754:
1684:
1610:
1575:
1326:
712:
555:
396:
386:
381:
211:
136:
114:
6449:
6371:
5018:
4702:
4054:
is sometimes described as the golden age of English literature with writers such as
10713:
10579:
10571:
10556:
10488:
10455:
10165:
10011:
9891:
9868:
9858:
9795:
9735:
9620:
9541:
9311:
8861:
8767:
7469:
7365:
6899:
6024:
6016:
5999:
5951:
5940:
Iron Age and Anglo-Saxon genomes from East England reveal British migration history
5833:
5790:
5782:
5679:
5671:
5654:
5574:
5558:
5531:
5086:
4996:
4903:
4895:
4862:
4827:
4819:
4767:
4759:
4742:
4398:
4373:
4324:
4319:
4294:
4216:
4176:
4131:
4044:
3959:
3748:
3740:
3736:
3690:
3539:
3442:
3293:
3289:
3199:
3195:
3006:
2788:
2699:
2473:
2353:
1946:
1709:
1605:
1284:
1206:
1167:
1130:
1034:
987:
736:
702:
670:
573:
568:
339:
281:
273:
223:
171:
102:
8751:"English identity and ethnic diversity in the context of UK constitutional change"
8741:
8707:
7845:"Detailed Races and Ethnicities in the United States and Puerto Rico: 2020 Census"
7567:"Detailed Races and Ethnicities in the United States and Puerto Rico: 2020 Census"
5032:
2142:
However, although Taylor believed this blurring effect was dying out, in his book
1839:
10733:
10622:
10584:
10326:
10267:
10143:
9991:
9936:
9728:
9526:
9216:
9168:
9089:
8203:
8038:
7947:
7888:
Reynolds Farley, 'The New Census Question about Ancestry: What Did It Tell Us?',
7876:
7759:
7741:
7722:
7703:
7660:
7642:
7623:
7601:
6881:
6837:
6807:
6560:
6468:
6456:
6245:
6133:
6078:
6058:
5947:
5458:
5410:
5317:
5261:
5157:
the citizens or inhabitants of, or people born in, England, considered as a group
4942:
4393:
4098:
4094:
4051:
4036:
4032:
3733:
in recent time as a result of education, the media and socio-economic pressures.
3697:
3554:
3516:
3484:
3334:
3156:
2957:
2823:
2764:
2688:
2619:
2618:
during 1066 brought Anglo-Saxon and Danish rule of England to an end, as the new
2607:
2185:
2135:
2108:
2000:
1294:
1279:
1271:
1257:
1252:
1196:
1177:
1162:
1157:
1049:
833:
545:
401:
346:
325:
6895:"Ethnic minorities more likely to feel British than white people, says research"
6855:, Orient Blackswan, pp. 111–119, 129–130, 140, 154–156, 160–168, 172, 181,
5786:
4876:"Genomic signals of migration and continuity in Britain before the Anglo-Saxons"
10693:
10688:
10599:
10589:
10561:
10309:
10292:
10287:
10156:
9916:
9842:
9800:
9571:
9173:
8525:
Reconciling science and religion: the debate in early-twentieth-century Britain
8342:. British Settlers in Argentina – studies in 19th and 20th century emigration.
6404:
6020:
5938:
5769:"Nationwide Genomic Study in Denmark Reveals Remarkable Population Homogeneity"
4309:
4181:
4167:
4139:
4086:
4063:
4040:
3772:
3764:
3520:
3394:
3211:
2835:
2639:
2377:
2364:
2286:
2249:
2156:
2060:
1976:
1938:
1615:
1542:
1201:
1184:
1064:
1039:
970:
868:
784:
621:
518:
257:
252:
10627:
6853:
Counterflows to Colonialism: Indian Traveller and Settler in Britain 1600–1857
6126:
5313:"Ethnic minorities feel strong sense of identity with Britain, report reveals"
5091:
5072:
4353:
3743:, is one of three existing Brittonic languages; its usage has been revived in
3530:
3377:
in 1806 (then a Spanish colony) in small numbers, mostly as businessmen, when
2179:
468:
10762:
10594:
10277:
10073:
9951:
9501:
9357:
9264:
9259:
9201:
9120:
8881:
8873:
8771:
8375:
7369:
6743:
6146:
5570:
5506:
5280:
5010:
4348:
4289:
4275:
4256:
4147:
4143:
4110:
4106:
4090:
3792:
3601:
3508:
3285:
3269:
3265:
3203:
3115:
2889:
2885:
2846:
2599:
2582:
2554:
2469:
2388:
2320:
2231:, or whether later Celtic migrations introduced Celtic languages to Britain.
2228:
2161:
2149:
1992:
1950:
1376:
1341:
1289:
1172:
1125:
1120:
1115:
1100:
1095:
977:
965:
929:
665:
655:
598:
593:
353:
293:
8500:
5995:"The Anglo-Saxon migration and the formation of the early English gene pool"
4983:"The 'People of the British Isles' project and Viking settlement in England"
2383:
53:"English nation" redirects here. For the country of the United Kingdom, see
10743:
10708:
10031:
9755:
9610:
9236:
9221:
9196:
9188:
8266:
8155:
J. Jupp, The English in Australia, Cambridge University Press, 2004, p. 103
7830:
7817:. Boston, Printed for the New England historic genealogical society. 1889.
7023:
6958:
6813:
6719:
6484:
6234:
6038:
5847:
5804:
5693:
5588:
5381:
5361:
4917:
4841:
4781:
4688:
4358:
4126:
4102:
4059:
3590:
3550:
3546:
3462:
The culture of England is sometimes difficult to separate clearly from the
3410:
3374:
3114:
English ethnic descent and emigrant communities are found primarily in the
2952:
2915:
2865:
2858:
2570:
2368:
2349:
2316:
2083:
2015:
1980:
1969:
1908:
1729:
1485:
1110:
1071:
1054:
948:
789:
759:
680:
675:
262:
187:
7416:
6553:
5001:
4982:
3585:
found the population of England and Wales to be 47.0% affiliated with the
2683:
2578:
2204:
who expanded into Europe from the Pontic–Caspian steppe in the context of
10723:
10304:
10204:
9996:
9956:
9911:
9853:
9511:
9254:
9246:
6581:
6461:
6188:
Ward-Perkins, Bryan. "Why did the Anglo-Saxons not become more British?"
6166:
Ward-Perkins, Bryan. "Why did the Anglo-Saxons not become more British?"
4871:
4363:
4304:
4226:
4206:
4135:
4082:
4008:
3990:
3636:
3624:
3598:
3574:
3570:
3500:
3414:
3369:
was an Argentine author, naturalist, and ornithologist of English origin.
3330:
3299:
3215:
2881:
2752:
as well, and expressed the desire to be known as the monarch of Britain.
2224:
2123:
1480:
1361:
1336:
1135:
1076:
958:
207:
191:
10632:
8738:
Price and Associates: Professional Genealogy and Family History Services
6686:
6405:"The P-Celtic Place Names of North-East England and South-East Scotland"
5955:
5675:
5562:
5173:
4899:
4866:
4823:
4763:
10703:
10637:
9767:
9506:
8962:
Bueltmann, Tanja; Gleeson, David T.; MacRaild, Donald M., eds. (2012).
7473:
7458:
Copus, Colin (2009). "English national parties in post-devolution UK".
7268:"Is an English backlash emerging? Reactions to devolution ten years on"
7053:
England and its Two Unions: The Anatomy of a Nation and its Discontents
5427:
4368:
4114:
4075:
3705:
3578:
3430:
3362:
3207:
3160:
2926:
2919:
2857:
fled to England. Due to sustained and sometimes mass emigration of the
2737:
2646:
2448:
2337:
2056:
1844:
1771:
1381:
231:
8427:
7777:"Table 19 Enumerated population classified by usual residence and sex"
5765:
2078:
compared the ethnic identities of British people with their perceived
10617:
9976:
9269:
9140:
8400:
7385:"Resentment or contentment? Attitudes towards the Union ten years on"
7339:"What makes a person English, according to the English | YouGov"
7136:
4263:
3804:
3386:
3378:
3225:
2985:
2558:
2127:
2008:
1826:
1813:
1495:
1490:
744:
3888:
3855:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.
10319:
10282:
10170:
10124:
10001:
9004:
8032:
From many strands: ethnic and racial groups in contemporary América
7503:
7299:
Kenny, Michael; English, Richard; Hayton, Richard (February 2008).
5739:
5545:
4662:
3800:
3784:
3744:
3402:
3176:
2854:
2400:
2373:
1996:
1942:
1331:
583:
3649:
Map showing phonological variation within England of the vowel in
317:
10299:
10160:
10109:
9811:
9125:
9035:
8993:
8280:
Bueltmann, Tanja; Gleeson, David T.; MacRaild, Donald M. (2012).
8237:
Bueltmann, Tanja; Gleeson, David T.; MacRaild, Donald M. (2010).
7319:
7301:"Beyond the constitution? Englishness in a post-devolved Britain"
5140:
4869:
4012:
3788:
3752:
2622:
2594:
2443:
2439:
2422:
2328:
2297:"History of the English" redirects here. Not to be confused with
2254:
2216:
2004:
1988:
1916:
1371:
1346:
779:
754:
749:
603:
588:
227:
88:
54:
10119:
10042:
9546:
8127:"Population characteristics: Ancestry of Australia's population"
1932:
513:
10668:
10314:
10199:
10099:
7961:"1990 Census of Population Detailed Ancestry Groups for States"
7590:
7588:
6145:"Britain BC: Life in Britain and Ireland before the Romans" by
5120:
4956:"New study reignites debate over Viking settlements in England"
3796:
3616:
3418:
3406:
2981:
2966:
2934:
2566:
2562:
2404:
1957:
1912:
1002:
774:
8678:
7916:
Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science
6954:"Now 90% of England agrees: being English is not about colour"
3974:
10175:
10104:
6356:
Härke, Heinrich. "Anglo-Saxon Immigration and Ethnogenesis."
5993:
Gretzinger; Sayer; Justeau; et al. (21 September 2022).
5523:
5292:
4734:
4196:
4035:
were the preferred literary languages of England, but in the
4028:
3968:
3965:
3709:
3582:
3422:
2733:
2456: 966 – 23 April 1016), known as 'the Unready', was
2266:
picture of the genetic effects of these movements of people.
2007:
in England in the late 11th century and a sizeable number of
1999:
that began in the late 9th century. This was followed by the
1961:
1029:
769:
219:
92:
7585:
4738:"The fine scale genetic structure of the British population"
3763:
began in the late 15th century with the introduction of the
2779:
formed a union between the Kingdom of Great Britain and the
10094:
8339:
6565:
4794:
3398:
3261:
2831:
2489:
2180:
Replacement of Neolithic farmers by Bell Beaker populations
7049:
5646:
2904:
2192:
population that arrived in Europe about 45,000 years ago;
9740:
8702:
8432:
7870:
Sharing the Dream: White Males in a Multicultural America
7695:
7420:
6673:
6646:
6605:
6569:
6072:
Where did the British come from? Ancient DNA holds clues.
5256:
4121:
3776:
523:
8961:
8279:
8236:
7931:(Berkeley: University of California Press, 1990), p. 36.
6182:
5216:
5213:
at dictionary.cambridge.org. Retrieved 13 November 2023.
5199:
at dictionary.cambridge.org. Retrieved 13 November 2023.
2876:
presence since at least the 17th century because of the
7132:"St George unfurls his flag (made in China) once again"
4596:. Pretoria: Statistics South Africa. 2012. p. 26.
3389:
as industrialists and major landowners, others went as
9291:
Political history of the United Kingdom (1979–present)
8749:
Condor, Susan; Gibson, Stephen; Abell, Jackie (2006).
8396:"Catholics set to pass Anglicans as leading UK church"
8197:
Census of Population and Housing: Reflecting Australia
5992:
5820:"Y Chromosome Evidence for Anglo-Saxon Mass Migration"
5817:
4513:"English Most Common Race or Ethnicity in 2020 Census"
4475:"Ethnicity and National Identity in England and Wales"
3417:
of the family, to Argentina to make their fortunes in
2868:
presence in England since the 16th century due to the
7522:
7439:
7390:. National Centre for Social Research. Archived from
5907:
The Origins of the British: A Genetic Detective Story
4936:
https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a004160
3971:
2460:
from 978 to 1013 and again from 1014 until his death.
8734:"Expert Links: English Family History and Genealogy"
8527:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 194.
7111:
6350:
5440:
5399:"National Identity and Community in England" (2006)
4157:
2809:
Immigration to the United Kingdom (1922-present day)
2238:
9296:
Social history of the United Kingdom (1979–present)
8662:
A Grammar of the Dialect of the Bolton Area, Part 1
8593:"Understanding the 21st Century Catholic Community"
7303:. Institute for Public Policy Research. p. 3.
7273:. Institute for Public Policy Research. p. 3.
6320:, ed. Brenda J. Baker and Takeyuki Tsuda, pp. 45–48
5073:"Why did the Anglo-Saxons not become more British?"
4271:
Social history of the United Kingdom (1945–present)
3962:
3747:. Historically, another Brittonic Celtic language,
2771:had previously passed its own Act of Union, so the
2577:The nation of England was formed in 12 July 927 by
1979:who already lived there. Collectively known as the
8927:
8795:
8658:, Zeitschrift für Mundartforschung 31, 333–335 in
7753:Country of Birth: Proportion Born in Wales Falling
7298:
4981:Kershaw, Jane; Røyrvik, Ellen C. (December 2016).
3729:(mid 20th century), but there has been widespread
3139:, known as the "Father of His Country", and first
2838:in the 19th century and from Germany in the 20th.
2638:(based in France), and England became part of the
8898:
8748:
8684:
7325:
5604:"The first Europeans weren't who you might think"
5298:
4440:Those who self-identified as English ethnic group
2561:of seven states, the most powerful of which were
2348:The first people to be called "English" were the
2168:
60:"Englander" redirects here. For the surname, see
10760:
8133:. Australian Bureau of Statistics. 3 June 2003.
7383:Ormston, Rachel; Curtice, John (December 2010).
6716:A History of Britain: The British Wars 1603–1776
5950:, Nature Communications 7, Article number:10408
5519:
5517:
5336:Hussain, Asifa; Millar, William Lockley (2006).
4934:, Volume 19, Issue 7, July 2002, pp. 1008–1021,
3623:'s calendar, when St George's Day falls between
8158:
7918:, Vol. 487, No. 79 (September 1986), pp. 82–86.
7542:"2021 Australia, Census All persons QuickStats"
7356:Hazell, Robert (2006). "The English Question".
6825:
6823:
6642:"British History in depth: The Ages of English"
2798:
2018:. The majority of people living in England are
8217:"English – Te Ara Encyclopedia of New Zealand"
7929:Ethnic Options: Choosing Identities in America
7692:Scotland's Census 2001: Supporting Information
7382:
6817:, 13 September 2006. Retrieved 9 January 2006.
6307:, Boydell and Brewer Press (2015), pp. 174–178
6239:"Anglo-Saxon Origins: The Reality of the Myth"
4980:
2678:History of the formation of the United Kingdom
2089:
10058:
9827:
9020:
8664:. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang. p. 58.
8367:"The invention of Great Britain: A review of
7892:, Vol. 28, No. 3 (August 1991), pp. 414, 421.
6783:"Meredith on the Guillet – Thoreau Genealogy"
5514:
5335:
3577:. A survey carried out in the end of 2008 by
2918:, particularly at football matches where the
1884:
888:
436:
8387:
6983:
6981:
6820:
6496:
6305:The Cruciform Brooch and Anglo-Saxon England
5874:"A Y Chromosome Census of the British Isles"
5070:
4630:"2018 Census population and dwelling counts"
3583:The Catholic Agency For Overseas Development
3218:) settlers who colonised Ireland during the
2922:was previously more commonly flown by fans.
2292:
1538:Literature in the other languages of Britain
10521:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
8627:
8585:
8119:
6884:The National Archives Accessed October 2006
6503:Esmeralda's Cumbrian History & Folklore
5904:
5898:
3917:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
3700:. The modern English language evolved from
3615:(23 April) changes when it is too close to
2785:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
10231:British–Irish Intergovernmental Conference
10065:
10051:
9834:
9820:
9027:
9013:
8428:"How many Catholics are there in Britain?"
8088:Canada's Ethnocultural Mosaic, 2006 Census
6524:"Athelstan (c. 895–939): Historic Figures"
5051:
4449:210915 listed their birthplace as England.
4047:is the most famous writer of this period.
3429:to Argentina. Some English families owned
2588:
2433:
1891:
1877:
895:
881:
443:
429:
8659:
8232:
8230:
7636:2011 Census for Scotland Standard Outputs
7612:
7610:
6978:
6951:
6801:More Britons applying for Irish passports
6369:
6028:
5837:
5794:
5735:"Ancient Britons 'replaced' by newcomers"
5683:
5578:
5544:
5126:Higham, Nicholas J., and Martin J. Ryan.
5090:
5000:
4907:
4831:
4771:
4624:
4622:
4039:there was a flourishing of literature in
3937:Learn how and when to remove this message
3871:Learn how and when to remove this message
3771:. Through the worldwide influence of the
2775:was born on 1 May 1707. In 1801, another
2488:(978–1013 and 1014–1016) was English but
2468:Viking assaults on the coastlines of the
2310:
2014:England is the largest and most populous
8964:Locating the English Diaspora, 1500–2010
8420:
8393:
8332:
6432:by Paul Hill (2004), Tempus Publishing.
6061:, Channel 4. Retrieved 21 December 2009.
5642:
5640:
5374:
4853:
4851:
4658:Ethnic Groups of Europe: An Encyclopedia
4242:Modern immigration to the United Kingdom
3948:
3644:
3529:
3479:
3361:
3260:
3131:
2929:in the late 1990s of some powers to the
2598:
2447:
2403:). This is supported by the writings of
2382:
2336:
2248:
2042:have become fairly closely aligned with
1987:by the 10th century, in response to the
8826:The Making of English National Identity
8283:Locating the English Diaspora 1500-2010
8240:Locating the English Diaspora 1500–2010
8131:4102.0 - Australian Social Trends, 2003
7265:
6204:"Anglo-Saxons wanted genetic supremacy"
5982:See Supplementary Note 11 in particular
5624:
5377:"Asian recruits boost England fan army"
5276:"The English question Handle with care"
5130:. Yale University Press, 2013. pp. 7–19
3689:English people traditionally speak the
3597:and 8.7% were other Christians, mainly
3175:, 24,509,692 Americans described their
2905:Current national and political identity
2805:Historical immigration to Great Britain
2630:in 1154, when the succession passed to
1945:is derived from the Angles, one of the
14:
10761:
8546:from the original on 27 September 2017
8522:
8227:
8190:
7793:from the original on 15 September 2009
7715:Scottish Census Results Online Browser
7607:
7355:
6850:
6499:"The Treaty of Eamont Bridge in 927CE"
6201:
6108:from the original on 22 September 2017
5732:
5708:"Dutch Beakers: Like no other Beakers"
5650:"Genes mirror geography within Europe"
5503:
5474:
4730:
4728:
4619:
3511:of its bishops under the authority of
2538:
2196:who migrated from Anatolia during the
2049:
1983:, they founded what was to become the
10046:
9815:
9008:
8846:
8820:
8636:from the original on 18 December 2019
8137:from the original on 3 September 2017
7528:
7457:
7445:
7253:
7129:
7117:
7088:
7031:from the original on 23 December 2013
6575:
6534:from the original on 13 February 2007
6411:from the original on 28 November 2021
6216:from the original on 15 December 2020
5839:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a004160
5637:
5601:
5446:
5310:
5234:
5222:
4848:
4081:Other famous English writers include
2755:In 1707, England formed a union with
10236:British–Irish Parliamentary Assembly
9034:
8910:from the original on 24 October 2015
8628:Pocklington, David (24 April 2019).
8364:
8346:from the original on 30 January 2008
8320:from the original on 8 February 2020
8084:
7821:from the original on 3 February 2021
7510:from the original on 9 February 2011
7174:from the original on 26 January 2011
7061:Institute for Public Policy Research
6966:from the original on 29 October 2021
6933:from the original on 29 October 2021
6270:
6095:
5252:"English nationalism 'threat to UK'"
4953:
4654:
4581:
4489:from the original on 21 January 2022
4150:making up the top five on the list.
3915:adding citations to reliable sources
3882:
3820:
3515:. 26 of the church's 42 bishops are
2215:around 2400 BC, associated with the
2175:Genetic history of the British Isles
79:Regions with significant populations
10779:Ethnic groups in the United Kingdom
8630:"St George's Day: Church and State"
8499:. Church of England. Archived from
8394:Gledhill, Ruth (15 February 2007).
8257:from the original on 14 August 2021
8219:. 20 September 2008. Archived from
7905:, Vol. 14, No. 1 (1985), pp. 44–46.
7417:"'Most' support English parliament"
7234:from the original on 10 August 2012
7204:from the original on 18 August 2012
7194:"Fresh call for English Parliament"
6655:from the original on 26 August 2017
6572:website. Retrieved 30 October 2006.
6209:Australian Broadcasting Corporation
5033:"Huguenots | The History of London"
4725:
4679:from the original on 15 August 2021
3000:
24:
9841:
8440:from the original on 27 March 2019
7673:from the original on 13 April 2020
7307:from the original on 17 April 2018
7280:from the original on 17 April 2018
7224:"Welsh nod for English Parliament"
7091:The politics of English Nationhood
6903:. 18 February 2007. Archived from
6329:
4713:from the original on 20 April 2012
2912:Campaign for an English Parliament
2830:in 1656, there have been waves of
1586:Baroque music of the British Isles
849:English inventions and discoveries
25:
10790:
10072:
8986:
8178:from the original on 20 June 2018
8062:. 4 November 2002. Archived from
7977:from the original on 27 July 2017
7427:from the original on 28 July 2011
7252:Paul Johnson is quoted by Kumar (
6999:from the original on 29 June 2011
6952:Alexander, Inigo (30 June 2019).
6757:"EJP – In Depth – On Anglo Jewry"
6697:from the original on 15 June 2006
6497:esmeraldamac (16 February 2012).
6384:from the original on 8 March 2021
6338:from the original on 8 March 2021
5747:from the original on 4 March 2019
5733:Rincon, Paul (21 February 2018).
5625:Gibbons, Ann (21 February 2017).
5375:Campbell, Dennis (18 June 2006).
5284:. 1 November 2007. Archived from
4870:Martiniano, Rui; Caffell, Anwen;
4613:from the original on 13 May 2015.
4569:from the original on 8 March 2021
4124:carried out a UK survey entitled
3519:, representing the church in the
2853:, an estimated 50,000 Protestant
2671:
2557:which gradually coalesced into a
2358:Romans had withdrawn from Britain
2245:Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain
2239:Anglo-Saxons, Vikings and Normans
1989:invasion and extensive settlement
10221:Ireland–United Kingdom relations
8992:
8866:10.1111/j.1469-8129.2010.00442.x
8690:
8648:
8621:
8558:
8532:
8516:
8488:
8452:
8358:
8300:
8273:
8209:
8149:
8094:. Statistics Canada. p. 7.
8078:
8044:
8025:
8013:from the original on 4 June 2011
7989:
7953:
7934:
7921:
7908:
7895:
7882:
7863:
7837:
7805:
7769:
7746:
7727:
7708:
7685:
7648:
7629:
7559:
7534:
7488:
7451:
7409:
7376:
7349:
7331:
7292:
7259:
7246:
7216:
7186:
7156:
7019:"When British isn't always best"
6851:Fisher, Michael Herbert (2006),
6285:from the original on 1 June 2021
6202:Ingham, Richard (19 July 2006).
6052:The archaeology of black Britain
5886:from the original on 7 June 2020
5854:from the original on 2 June 2020
5714:from the original on 12 May 2021
5311:Frith, Maxine (8 January 2004).
5260:. 9 January 2000. Archived from
5147:from the original on 11 May 2020
4500:population of England and Wales.
4443:
4434:
4160:
4011:and produced epic works such as
3958:
3887:
3825:
3121:
3012:Numbers of the English diaspora
2993:gained just 64,826 votes in the
2975:British Social Attitudes Surveys
2763:in March 1707 that ratified the
2682:
1968:following the withdrawal of the
1858:
1581:Early music of the British Isles
998:Post-war period (social history)
928:
862:
467:
316:
204:History of the Church of England
8602:. November 2009. Archived from
8572:from the original on 8 May 2012
8171:Australian Bureau of Statistics
7546:Australian Bureau of Statistics
7326:Condor, Gibson & Abell 2006
7266:Curtice, John (February 2010).
7123:
7082:
7043:
7011:
6945:
6929:. British Future. 9 June 2021.
6919:
6887:
6868:
6844:
6793:
6775:
6749:
6733:
6709:
6679:
6667:
6634:
6612:
6598:
6554:The Battle of Brunanburh, 937AD
6546:
6516:
6490:
6474:
6442:
6423:
6402:
6396:
6363:
6323:
6310:
6297:
6264:
6251:
6228:
6195:
6173:
6160:
6139:
6120:
6089:
6064:
6045:
5986:
5970:
5960:
5927:
5866:
5825:Molecular Biology and Evolution
5811:
5759:
5726:
5700:
5618:
5595:
5497:
5468:
5452:
5415:
5393:
5368:
5329:
5304:
5299:Condor, Gibson & Abell 2006
5268:
5244:
5202:
5188:
5172:. parliament.uk. Archived from
5162:
5133:
5099:
5064:
5025:
4974:
4954:Brix, Lise (20 February 2017).
4947:
4932:Molecular Biology and Evolution
4924:
4788:
4417:
4003:English literature begins with
2396:the arrival of the Anglo-Saxons
2082:. They found that while 58% of
1937:, meaning race or tribe of the
10664:Northern Ireland Sign Language
8698:"The Big Read – Top 100 Books"
8369:The Making of English Identity
8286:. Liverpool University Press.
8243:. Liverpool University Press.
7717:. Retrieved 16 November 2007.
6759:. 14 July 2006. Archived from
6609:, 2nd edition, s.v. 'English'.
4695:
4648:
4549:
4531:
4505:
4483:Office for National Statistics
4467:
3573:is also honoured as England's
3425:. English settlers introduced
3309:
3141:President of the United States
2980:One 2007 poll carried out for
2581:of Wessex after the Treaty of
2527:, and place names that end in
2169:Historical and genetic origins
2126:and indeed continue to do so.
2076:Office for National Statistics
1931:, when they were known as the
1528:Literature of Northern Ireland
1258:Ireland & Northern Ireland
27:Ethnic group native to England
13:
1:
8930:The Idea of English Ethnicity
8436:. London. 15 September 2010.
7656:"2018 Census totals by topic"
6190:The English Historical Review
6168:The English Historical Review
6084:The Christian Science Monitor
5905:Oppenheimer, Stephen (2006).
5862:– via academic.oup.com.
5602:Curry, Andrew (August 2019).
5465:Oxford: Clarendon Press. p. v
5078:The English Historical Review
4557:"Census Profile, 2016 Census"
4456:
3983:
3810:
3464:culture of the United Kingdom
3385:As well as those who went to
2453:
2352:, a group of closely related
2200:9,000 years ago; and Yamnaya
2016:country of the United Kingdom
921:Culture of the United Kingdom
9946:British Nationals (Overseas)
6370:Kortlandt, Frederik (2018).
6149:, p. 122. Harper Perennial.
5141:"Chambers – Search Chambers"
5071:Ward-Perkins, Bryan (2000).
5037:www.thehistoryoflondon.co.uk
4590:Census 2011: Census in brief
4461:
3725:(late 19th century) and the
3373:English settlers arrived in
3351:
3333:'s foundational culture was
3250:
2897:nations, including England.
2799:Immigration and assimilation
2742:Laws in Wales Acts 1535–1542
2642:until its collapse in 1214.
2549:Treaty of Alfred and Guthrum
2535:are Scandinavian in origin.
2478:Treaty of Alfred and Guthrum
2464:From about 800 AD, waves of
2044:British customs and identity
2040:English customs and identity
1690:Football in Northern Ireland
1305:Anglo-Indian and South Asian
7:
9567:English language in England
9562:Innovations and discoveries
9286:Postwar Britain (1945–1979)
7968:United States Census Bureau
7645:, Accessed 5 September 2014
7595:Census Profile, 2016 Census
7164:"The West Lothian Question"
7027:. London. 24 January 2007.
6620:"England—Plantagenet Kings"
6450:Online Etymology Dictionary
5787:10.1534/genetics.116.189241
5360:on 18 May 2016 – via
4707:Online Etymology Dictionary
4153:
3851:the claims made and adding
3641:English language in England
3630:
3606:Eastern Orthodox Christians
3469:
3274:Prime Minister of Australia
2943:devolved English Parliament
2935:National Assembly for Wales
2090:Relationship to Britishness
1953:around the 5th century AD.
1591:Early British popular music
41:Englishman (disambiguation)
10:
10795:
10017:Turks and Caicos Islanders
8968:Liverpool University Press
8830:Cambridge University Press
8725:
8660:Shorrocks, Graham (1999).
8494:See the pages linked from
7604:– Ethnic origin population
7130:Hoyle, Ben (8 June 2006).
6989:"British identity: Waning"
6460:by Douglas Harper (2001),
6318:Migrations and Disruptions
6021:10.1038/s41586-022-05247-2
5463:English History, 1914–1945
4344:British diaspora in Africa
3814:
3727:Survey of English Dialects
3722:English Dialect Dictionary
3634:
3473:
3455:
3451:
3440:
3355:
3313:
3280:From the beginning of the
3254:
3236:
3125:
3004:
2965:British. A 2017 survey by
2802:
2675:
2616:Norman conquest of England
2592:
2542:
2437:
2314:
2303:
2296:
2242:
2172:
2003:and limited settlement of
286:British diaspora in Africa
29:
10681:
10646:
10608:
10570:
10547:
10540:
10533:
10481:
10423:
10407:
10392:
10335:
10260:
10253:
10213:
10185:
10142:
10135:
10080:
9877:
9849:
9780:
9704:
9619:
9497:
9493:
9484:
9440:
9431:
9379:
9370:
9340:
9304:
9278:
9245:
9187:
9156:
9108:
9052:
9043:
8654:Wolfgang Vierick (1964),
8566:"Research and Statistics"
8523:Bowler, Peter J. (2001).
8174:. Australian Government.
8085:Chui, Tina (April 2008).
8004:1980 United States Census
7702:26 September 2007 at the
7617:Focus on Geography Series
7496:"Full England scoreboard"
6471:. Retrieved 10 July 2006.
6259:Archaeology and Migration
6096:Wise, Gildas the (1899).
5339:Multicultural Nationalism
4232:Genetic history of Europe
3276:both had English parents.
3232:
3153:2020 United States census
2681:
2492:(1016–1035) was Danish).
2293:History of English people
2118:Oxford History of England
1865:United Kingdom portal
1621:Music of Northern Ireland
1601:Music in Medieval England
1533:Welsh-language literature
651:Abbots Bromley Horn Dance
271:
247:
242:
186:
181:
170:
165:
154:
143:
132:
121:
110:
99:
83:
78:
10774:Ethnic groups in England
10506:Kingdom of Great Britain
9902:British Virgin Islanders
9646:The Football Association
8772:10.1177/1468796806063748
8460:"2009 Church Statistics"
8404:. London. Archived from
7740:27 November 2007 at the
7140:. London. Archived from
6880:22 December 2021 at the
6836:24 December 2021 at the
6559:11 November 2010 at the
6481:The Adventure of English
6192:115.462 (2000): 513–533.
5946:17 December 2019 at the
4941:21 February 2022 at the
4410:
3611:Religious observance of
3499:, whose titular head is
3436:
3405:. Others went to become
2995:2010 UK general election
2828:resettlement of the Jews
2822:with the English. Since
2773:Kingdom of Great Britain
2661:Presentment of Englishry
2261:, an Insular masterpiece
2206:Indo-European migrations
2072:Annual Population Survey
2036:Kingdom of Great Britain
1367:Late Summer Bank Holiday
234:, and other faiths (see
9131:History of Anglo-Saxons
8900:"The Routes of English"
8853:Nations and Nationalism
8037:10 January 2016 at the
7946:18 January 2017 at the
7903:Social Science Research
7875:16 October 2015 at the
7721:11 October 2007 at the
7095:Oxford University Press
6687:"Liberation of Ireland"
6244:24 January 2016 at the
6132:6 December 2007 at the
6077:15 October 2018 at the
5475:Davies, Norman (1999).
5401:Institute of Governance
5344:Oxford University Press
5092:10.1093/ehr/115.462.513
4212:Architecture of England
4007:, which was written in
3993:, he is best known for
3565:, the patron saint was
3503:although the worldwide
2894:Commonwealth of Nations
2864:There has been a small
2849:illegal in 1685 in the
2589:Norman and Angevin rule
2434:Vikings and the Danelaw
2107:In 1965, the historian
1933:
1126:Romani people (Gypsies)
33:Demographics of England
9864:English-speaking world
9457:Elizabethan government
9322:Kingdom of East Anglia
9317:Kingdom of Northumbria
8997:Quotations related to
8804:Hodder & Stoughton
8469:. 2009. Archived from
8365:Carr, Raymond (2003).
8202:7 October 2021 at the
7758:24 August 2011 at the
7667:Statistics New Zealand
7370:10.1093/publius/pjj012
6806:5 January 2019 at the
6467:8 October 2017 at the
6170:115.462 (2000): p. 523
5911:Constable and Robinson
5107:Origins of the English
4655:Cole, Jeffrey (2011).
4300:English-speaking world
4251:(historical estimates)
4237:European ethnic groups
4187:List of English people
4005:Anglo-Saxon literature
4000:
3781:international language
3686:
3543:
3488:
3370:
3316:English New Zealanders
3277:
3171:Prior to this, in the
3148:
2851:Edict of Fontainebleau
2841:After the French king
2769:Parliament of Scotland
2611:
2461:
2391:
2345:
2311:Anglo-Saxon settlement
2262:
2140:
37:English-speaking world
10654:British Sign Language
10499:Principality of Wales
10343:Bailiwick of Guernsey
10226:British–Irish Council
10214:Political cooperation
10195:Bailiwick of Guernsey
9663:Rugby Football League
9146:Settlement of Britain
8789:on 21 September 2011.
8685:The Routes of English
8568:. Church of England.
8542:. Church of England.
8223:on 20 September 2008.
7970:. 18 September 1992.
7879:By Dominic J. Pulera.
7734:Key Statistics Report
7600:19 April 2021 at the
6789:on 27 September 2007.
6372:"Relative Chronology"
6271:Dark, Ken R. (2003).
6098:"The Ruin of Britain"
6070:Eva Botkin-Kowacki, '
5288:on 28 September 2008.
5128:The Anglo-Saxon World
5059:The Anglo-Saxon State
5002:10.15184/aqy.2016.193
4962:(in Norwegian Bokmål)
4880:Nature Communications
4803:Nature Communications
4247:Population of England
4192:Old English (Ireland)
3952:
3648:
3595:Roman Catholic Church
3549:is recognised as the
3533:
3483:
3365:
3264:
3222:in the 17th century.
3192:Scots-Irish Americans
3135:
2939:West Lothian question
2602:
2593:Further information:
2543:Further information:
2451:
2438:Further information:
2386:
2340:
2315:Further information:
2252:
2221:Pontic-Caspian Steppe
2173:Further information:
2113:
2034:merged to become the
1760:Palace of Westminster
1566:British popular music
1217:British Sign Language
290:English New Zealander
243:Related ethnic groups
216:Catholic Emancipation
10273:Islands of the Clyde
9967:New Forest Commoners
9680:Rugby Football Union
9348:House of Plantagenet
8936:Blackwell Publishers
8798:Watching the English
8744:on 10 December 2008.
8609:on 15 September 2016
8408:on 18 September 2011
8383:on 11 November 2011.
8379:. UK. Archived from
8041:by Stanley Lieberson
7849:United States census
7571:United States census
7230:. 20 December 2006.
7097:. pp. 192–193.
6630:on 16 December 2010.
6586:The Story of Britain
6462:List of sources used
6430:The Age of Athelstan
6358:Medieval Archaeology
6057:24 July 2013 at the
5980:585, 390–396 (2020)
5481:Macmillan Publishing
5477:The Isles: A History
5389:on 21 December 2016.
5346:. pp. 149–150.
5325:on 6 September 2011.
5176:on 21 September 2010
4517:United States census
4485:. 11 December 2012.
4404:New Zealand European
4315:Early Modern English
4017:The Battle of Maldon
4015:and the fragmentary
3996:The Canterbury Tales
3911:improve this section
3761:Early Modern English
3589:, which is also the
3553:of England, and the
3495:of the realm is the
3493:established religion
3367:William Henry Hudson
3220:Plantation of Ulster
2746:James VI of Scotland
2636:House of Plantagenet
2394:The exact nature of
2257:to Matthew from the
2198:Neolithic Revolution
2145:The Isles: A History
1750:World Heritage Sites
1680:Football in Scotland
812:World Heritage Sites
206:), as well as other
31:For other uses, see
10659:Irish Sign Language
10516:Kingdom of Scotland
10353:Bailiwick of Jersey
10336:Lists of islands of
9912:Chagossians (Îlois)
9892:Ascension Islanders
9232:Union with Scotland
9212:English Reformation
9207:English Renaissance
9136:Anglo-Saxon England
8503:on 22 November 2010
8066:on 13 December 2017
7941:US Census 2000 data
7851:. 21 September 2023
7764:National Statistics
7641:12 May 2021 at the
7622:21 May 2018 at the
7573:. 21 September 2023
7423:. 16 January 2007.
7200:. 24 October 2006.
6995:. 25 January 2007.
6907:on 11 February 2010
6875:Postwar immigration
6676:, s.v. 'Englishry'.
6487:, 2003. p. 22.
6455:4 July 2017 at the
6257:Stefan Burmeister,
6013:2022Natur.610..112G
5956:10.1038/ncomms10408
5710:. 19 January 2019.
5676:10.1038/nature07331
5668:2008Natur.456...98N
5608:National Geographic
5563:10.1038/nature14317
5555:2015Natur.522..207H
5434:National Statistics
5409:15 May 2011 at the
5225:, pp. 262–290.
5170:"Act of Union 1707"
5109:Duckworth, London.
4900:10.1038/ncomms10326
4892:2016NatCo...710326M
4867:10.1038/ncomms10326
4824:10.1038/ncomms10408
4816:2016NatCo...710408S
4764:10.1038/nature14230
4756:2015Natur.519..309.
4636:. 23 September 2019
4565:. 8 February 2017.
4266:TV programme, 2006)
4222:English nationalism
4072:Christopher Marlowe
4056:William Shakespeare
3619:. According to the
3534:A crowd celebrates
3507:is overseen by the
3476:Religion in England
3257:English Australians
3194:are descendants of
3013:
2931:Scottish Parliament
2664:(a rule by which a
2539:English unification
2525:of Old Norse origin
2458:King of the English
2259:Book of Lindisfarne
2213:Bell Beaker culture
2202:Steppe pastoralists
2188:, descended from a
2050:English nationality
2032:Kingdom of Scotland
1974:partially Romanised
1705:Cricket in Scotland
1675:Football in England
1559:and performing arts
1523:Scottish literature
1402:Saint Patrick's Day
1357:Spring Bank Holiday
304:Part of a series on
236:Religion in England
75:
62:Englander (surname)
10511:Kingdom of Ireland
10494:Kingdom of England
10241:Common Travel Area
10187:Crown Dependencies
10022:Ulster Protestants
9982:Pitcairn Islanders
9927:Falkland Islanders
9761:Saint George's Day
9353:House of Lancaster
9164:Kingdom of England
9065:History of England
8924:Young, Robert J.C.
8794:Fox, Kate (2004).
8710:on 31 October 2012
8371:by Krishnan Kumar"
8111:on 25 March 2009.
7474:10.1057/bp.2009.12
7070:on 7 November 2014
6360:55.1 (2011): 1–28.
6104:. pp. 4–252.
5436:, 21 February 2006
5264:on 14 August 2021.
4995:(354): 1670–1680.
4709:. Etymonline.com.
4384:English Australian
4330:Brythonic language
4202:Culture of England
4027:. For many years,
4001:
3836:possibly contains
3817:English literature
3767:to London and the
3757:North West England
3693:, a member of the
3687:
3544:
3536:Saint George's Day
3505:Anglican Communion
3489:
3458:Culture of England
3371:
3358:English Argentines
3278:
3245:Canada 2016 Census
3149:
3011:
2878:East India Company
2781:Kingdom of Ireland
2750:James I of England
2740:by England by the
2716:St Patrick's Cross
2612:
2604:Battle of Hastings
2462:
2392:
2346:
2306:History of England
2299:History of English
2263:
2155:In December 2010,
2038:. Over the years,
2028:Kingdom of England
2024:Acts of Union 1707
2009:French Protestants
1985:Kingdom of England
1766:Angel of the North
1700:Cricket in Ireland
1695:Cricket in England
1596:English folk music
1571:British rock music
1518:English literature
1392:Saint Andrew's Day
1387:Saint George's Day
1083:Modern ethnicities
869:England portal
661:English folk music
564:Saint George's Day
460:Culture of England
278:English Australian
148:40,000–1.6 million
73:
10756:
10755:
10752:
10751:
10677:
10676:
10529:
10528:
10388:
10387:
10249:
10248:
10040:
10039:
10012:Tristan Islanders
9809:
9808:
9776:
9775:
9700:
9699:
9606:Science education
9599:Church of England
9480:
9479:
9427:
9426:
9366:
9365:
9332:Kingdom of Sussex
9327:Kingdom of Mercia
9179:Wars of the Roses
8945:978-1-4051-0129-5
8906:. 1 August 2015.
8891:978-0-14-026723-5
8839:978-0-521-77736-0
8813:978-0-340-81886-2
8600:CAFOD, Ipsos MORI
8540:"Facts and Stats"
8467:Church of England
8101:978-0-662-48324-3
8060:Statistics Canada
7950:, table PHC-T-43.
7766:, 8 January 2004.
7089:Kenny, M (2014).
6862:978-81-7824-154-8
6722:, BBC Worldwide.
6330:Coates, Richard.
6007:(7930): 112–119.
5920:978-1-84529-158-7
5614:on 19 March 2021.
5539:(7555): 207–211.
5353:978-0-19-928071-1
5105:Hills, C. (2003)
4960:sciencenordic.com
4861:7, 10326 (2016).
4750:(7543): 309–314.
4672:978-1-59884-302-6
4603:978-0-621-41388-5
4562:Statistics Canada
4519:. 10 October 2023
4389:English Brazilian
4379:English Argentine
4267:
4252:
4068:Sir Philip Sidney
3947:
3946:
3939:
3881:
3880:
3873:
3838:original research
3769:Great Vowel Shift
3731:dialect levelling
3621:Church of England
3587:Church of England
3497:Church of England
3431:sugar plantations
3391:railway engineers
3239:English Canadians
3137:George Washington
3128:English Americans
3109:England and Wales
3104:
3103:
2991:English Democrats
2834:immigration from
2700:St Andrew's Cross
2689:St George's Cross
2606:, 1066 (from the
2545:Treaty of Wedmore
2343:Sutton Hoo helmet
2341:A replica of the
2325:Sub-Roman Britain
2208:5,000 years ago.
2194:Neolithic farmers
2080:national identity
2068:ethnic minorities
2063:and the present.
2022:citizens. In the
1901:
1900:
1834:God Save the King
1820:Dieu et mon droit
1755:Buckingham Palace
1685:Football in Wales
1611:Music of Scotland
1576:British pop music
1397:Saint David's Day
905:
904:
453:
452:
299:
298:
212:Roman Catholicism
16:(Redirected from
10786:
10714:Irish Travellers
10545:
10544:
10541:Modern languages
10538:
10537:
10489:Irish Free State
10446:Northern Ireland
10405:
10404:
10258:
10257:
10166:Northern Ireland
10144:Sovereign states
10140:
10139:
10067:
10060:
10053:
10044:
10043:
9869:British diaspora
9859:English language
9836:
9829:
9822:
9813:
9812:
9789:
9751:Royal supporters
9552:Landscape garden
9522:Country clothing
9495:
9494:
9491:
9490:
9438:
9437:
9377:
9376:
9312:Kingdom of Essex
9075:Local government
9050:
9049:
9029:
9022:
9015:
9006:
9005:
8996:
8981:
8949:
8933:
8919:
8917:
8915:
8895:
8869:
8843:
8817:
8801:
8790:
8788:
8782:. Archived from
8755:
8745:
8740:. Archived from
8720:
8719:
8717:
8715:
8706:. Archived from
8694:
8688:
8682:
8676:
8675:
8652:
8646:
8645:
8643:
8641:
8625:
8619:
8618:
8616:
8614:
8608:
8597:
8589:
8583:
8581:
8579:
8577:
8562:
8556:
8555:
8553:
8551:
8536:
8530:
8528:
8520:
8514:
8512:
8510:
8508:
8492:
8486:
8485:
8483:
8481:
8475:
8464:
8456:
8450:
8449:
8447:
8445:
8424:
8418:
8417:
8415:
8413:
8391:
8385:
8384:
8362:
8356:
8355:
8353:
8351:
8336:
8330:
8329:
8327:
8325:
8319:
8312:
8304:
8298:
8297:
8277:
8271:
8270:
8264:
8262:
8234:
8225:
8224:
8213:
8207:
8194:
8188:
8187:
8185:
8183:
8162:
8156:
8153:
8147:
8146:
8144:
8142:
8123:
8117:
8116:
8110:
8104:. Archived from
8093:
8082:
8076:
8075:
8073:
8071:
8048:
8042:
8029:
8023:
8022:
8020:
8018:
8012:
8001:
7993:
7987:
7986:
7984:
7982:
7976:
7965:
7957:
7951:
7938:
7932:
7927:Mary C. Waters,
7925:
7919:
7912:
7906:
7899:
7893:
7886:
7880:
7867:
7861:
7860:
7858:
7856:
7841:
7835:
7834:
7828:
7826:
7809:
7803:
7802:
7800:
7798:
7792:
7781:
7773:
7767:
7750:
7744:
7731:
7725:
7712:
7706:
7689:
7683:
7682:
7680:
7678:
7664:
7652:
7646:
7633:
7627:
7614:
7605:
7592:
7583:
7582:
7580:
7578:
7563:
7557:
7556:
7554:
7552:
7538:
7532:
7526:
7520:
7519:
7517:
7515:
7492:
7486:
7485:
7461:British Politics
7455:
7449:
7443:
7437:
7436:
7434:
7432:
7413:
7407:
7406:
7404:
7402:
7396:
7389:
7380:
7374:
7373:
7353:
7347:
7346:
7335:
7329:
7323:
7317:
7316:
7314:
7312:
7296:
7290:
7289:
7287:
7285:
7279:
7272:
7263:
7257:
7250:
7244:
7243:
7241:
7239:
7220:
7214:
7213:
7211:
7209:
7190:
7184:
7183:
7181:
7179:
7160:
7154:
7153:
7151:
7149:
7127:
7121:
7115:
7109:
7108:
7086:
7080:
7079:
7077:
7075:
7069:
7063:. Archived from
7058:
7047:
7041:
7040:
7038:
7036:
7015:
7009:
7008:
7006:
7004:
6985:
6976:
6975:
6973:
6971:
6949:
6943:
6942:
6940:
6938:
6923:
6917:
6916:
6914:
6912:
6900:Evening Standard
6891:
6885:
6872:
6866:
6865:
6848:
6842:
6827:
6818:
6811:, Owen Bowcott,
6797:
6791:
6790:
6785:. Archived from
6779:
6773:
6772:
6770:
6768:
6753:
6747:
6737:
6731:
6713:
6707:
6706:
6704:
6702:
6683:
6677:
6671:
6665:
6664:
6662:
6660:
6638:
6632:
6631:
6626:. Archived from
6624:Heritage History
6616:
6610:
6602:
6596:
6579:
6573:
6550:
6544:
6543:
6541:
6539:
6520:
6514:
6513:
6511:
6509:
6494:
6488:
6478:
6472:
6446:
6440:
6427:
6421:
6420:
6418:
6416:
6400:
6394:
6393:
6391:
6389:
6383:
6376:
6367:
6361:
6354:
6348:
6347:
6345:
6343:
6327:
6321:
6314:
6308:
6303:Toby F. Martin,
6301:
6295:
6294:
6292:
6290:
6284:
6277:
6268:
6262:
6255:
6249:
6232:
6226:
6225:
6223:
6221:
6199:
6193:
6186:
6180:
6177:
6171:
6164:
6158:
6143:
6137:
6124:
6118:
6117:
6115:
6113:
6093:
6087:
6068:
6062:
6049:
6043:
6042:
6032:
5990:
5984:
5974:
5968:
5964:
5958:
5931:
5925:
5924:
5902:
5896:
5895:
5893:
5891:
5885:
5878:
5870:
5864:
5863:
5861:
5859:
5841:
5832:(7): 1008–1021.
5815:
5809:
5808:
5798:
5763:
5757:
5756:
5754:
5752:
5730:
5724:
5723:
5721:
5719:
5704:
5698:
5697:
5687:
5662:(7218): 98–101.
5644:
5635:
5634:
5622:
5616:
5615:
5610:. Archived from
5599:
5593:
5592:
5582:
5548:
5521:
5512:
5511:
5501:
5495:
5494:
5472:
5466:
5459:Taylor, A. J. P.
5456:
5450:
5444:
5438:
5421:"78 per cent of
5419:
5413:
5403:Briefing No. 7.
5397:
5391:
5390:
5385:. Archived from
5372:
5366:
5365:
5356:. Archived from
5333:
5327:
5326:
5321:. Archived from
5308:
5302:
5296:
5290:
5289:
5272:
5266:
5265:
5248:
5242:
5232:
5226:
5220:
5214:
5206:
5200:
5192:
5186:
5185:
5183:
5181:
5166:
5160:
5159:
5154:
5152:
5137:
5131:
5124:
5118:
5103:
5097:
5096:
5094:
5085:(462): 513–533.
5068:
5062:
5055:
5049:
5048:
5046:
5044:
5039:. 31 August 2019
5029:
5023:
5022:
5004:
4978:
4972:
4971:
4969:
4967:
4951:
4945:
4928:
4922:
4921:
4911:
4855:
4846:
4845:
4835:
4792:
4786:
4785:
4775:
4732:
4723:
4722:
4720:
4718:
4699:
4693:
4692:
4686:
4684:
4652:
4646:
4645:
4643:
4641:
4626:
4617:
4614:
4612:
4595:
4585:
4579:
4578:
4576:
4574:
4553:
4547:
4546:
4535:
4529:
4528:
4526:
4524:
4509:
4503:
4502:
4496:
4494:
4471:
4450:
4447:
4441:
4438:
4432:
4421:
4399:English Canadian
4374:English American
4325:Cornish language
4320:Cumbric language
4295:English language
4261:
4250:
4217:English folklore
4177:English diaspora
4170:
4165:
4164:
4163:
4132:J. R. R. Tolkien
4045:Geoffrey Chaucer
3988:
3985:
3981:
3980:
3977:
3976:
3973:
3970:
3967:
3964:
3954:Geoffrey Chaucer
3942:
3935:
3931:
3928:
3922:
3891:
3883:
3876:
3869:
3865:
3862:
3856:
3853:inline citations
3829:
3828:
3821:
3751:, was spoken in
3691:English language
3683:
3677:
3671:
3665:
3593:, 9.6% with the
3540:Trafalgar Square
3443:English Chileans
3294:north of England
3200:Northern English
3014:
3010:
3007:English diaspora
3001:English diaspora
2789:Irish Free State
2686:
2474:Alfred the Great
2455:
2410:aduentus Saxonum
2219:people from the
2186:hunter-gatherers
2103:
1966:Southern Britain
1947:Germanic peoples
1936:
1921:English language
1919:, who speak the
1893:
1886:
1879:
1863:
1862:
1861:
1710:Cricket in Wales
1606:English art song
1131:Irish Travellers
1090:British identity
1025:Historic peoples
993:Second World War
978:Edwardian period
966:Victorian period
932:
923:
907:
906:
897:
890:
883:
867:
866:
865:
671:Long Sword dance
579:Harvest Festival
574:Guy Fawkes Night
569:Commonwealth Day
509:Country clothing
471:
462:
455:
454:
445:
438:
431:
320:
301:
300:
282:English Canadian
274:English American
224:Islam in England
190:, traditionally
103:English diaspora
84:United Kingdom:
76:
72:
65:
58:
51:
21:
10794:
10793:
10789:
10788:
10787:
10785:
10784:
10783:
10759:
10758:
10757:
10748:
10704:English Gypsies
10673:
10642:
10604:
10585:Scottish Gaelic
10566:
10525:
10477:
10419:
10396:
10384:
10331:
10327:Isles of Scilly
10268:Channel Islands
10245:
10209:
10181:
10131:
10076:
10071:
10041:
10036:
9987:Saint Helenians
9873:
9845:
9840:
9810:
9805:
9792:
9785:
9772:
9746:Royal standards
9696:
9615:
9476:
9423:
9362:
9336:
9300:
9274:
9241:
9217:Elizabethan era
9183:
9169:Norman Conquest
9152:
9104:
9090:English society
9039:
9033:
8989:
8984:
8978:
8952:
8946:
8922:
8913:
8911:
8892:
8872:
8840:
8814:
8793:
8786:
8753:
8732:
8728:
8723:
8713:
8711:
8696:
8695:
8691:
8683:
8679:
8672:
8653:
8649:
8639:
8637:
8626:
8622:
8612:
8610:
8606:
8595:
8591:
8590:
8586:
8575:
8573:
8564:
8563:
8559:
8549:
8547:
8538:
8537:
8533:
8521:
8517:
8506:
8504:
8495:
8493:
8489:
8479:
8477:
8476:on 8 April 2016
8473:
8462:
8458:
8457:
8453:
8443:
8441:
8426:
8425:
8421:
8411:
8409:
8392:
8388:
8363:
8359:
8349:
8347:
8338:
8337:
8333:
8323:
8321:
8317:
8310:
8306:
8305:
8301:
8294:
8278:
8274:
8260:
8258:
8251:
8235:
8228:
8215:
8214:
8210:
8206:– Ancestry 2016
8204:Wayback Machine
8195:
8191:
8181:
8179:
8164:
8163:
8159:
8154:
8150:
8140:
8138:
8125:
8124:
8120:
8108:
8102:
8091:
8083:
8079:
8069:
8067:
8052:"Ethnic Origin"
8050:
8049:
8045:
8039:Wayback Machine
8030:
8026:
8016:
8014:
8010:
7999:
7995:
7994:
7990:
7980:
7978:
7974:
7963:
7959:
7958:
7954:
7948:Wayback Machine
7939:
7935:
7926:
7922:
7913:
7909:
7900:
7896:
7887:
7883:
7877:Wayback Machine
7868:
7864:
7854:
7852:
7843:
7842:
7838:
7824:
7822:
7811:
7810:
7806:
7796:
7794:
7790:
7784:Webcitation.org
7779:
7775:
7774:
7770:
7760:Wayback Machine
7751:
7747:
7742:Wayback Machine
7732:
7728:
7723:Wayback Machine
7713:
7709:
7704:Wayback Machine
7690:
7686:
7676:
7674:
7661:Microsoft Excel
7658:
7654:
7653:
7649:
7643:Wayback Machine
7634:
7630:
7624:Wayback Machine
7615:
7608:
7602:Wayback Machine
7593:
7586:
7576:
7574:
7565:
7564:
7560:
7550:
7548:
7540:
7539:
7535:
7527:
7523:
7513:
7511:
7494:
7493:
7489:
7456:
7452:
7444:
7440:
7430:
7428:
7415:
7414:
7410:
7400:
7398:
7394:
7387:
7381:
7377:
7354:
7350:
7337:
7336:
7332:
7324:
7320:
7310:
7308:
7297:
7293:
7283:
7281:
7277:
7270:
7264:
7260:
7251:
7247:
7237:
7235:
7222:
7221:
7217:
7207:
7205:
7192:
7191:
7187:
7177:
7175:
7170:. 1 June 1998.
7162:
7161:
7157:
7147:
7145:
7144:on 29 June 2011
7128:
7124:
7116:
7112:
7105:
7087:
7083:
7073:
7071:
7067:
7056:
7048:
7044:
7034:
7032:
7017:
7016:
7012:
7002:
7000:
6987:
6986:
6979:
6969:
6967:
6950:
6946:
6936:
6934:
6925:
6924:
6920:
6910:
6908:
6893:
6892:
6888:
6882:Wayback Machine
6873:
6869:
6863:
6849:
6845:
6838:Wayback Machine
6828:
6821:
6808:Wayback Machine
6798:
6794:
6781:
6780:
6776:
6766:
6764:
6763:on 14 July 2006
6755:
6754:
6750:
6738:
6734:
6714:
6710:
6700:
6698:
6685:
6684:
6680:
6672:
6668:
6658:
6656:
6640:
6639:
6635:
6618:
6617:
6613:
6603:
6599:
6580:
6576:
6561:Wayback Machine
6551:
6547:
6537:
6535:
6522:
6521:
6517:
6507:
6505:
6495:
6491:
6479:
6475:
6469:Wayback Machine
6457:Wayback Machine
6447:
6443:
6428:
6424:
6414:
6412:
6401:
6397:
6387:
6385:
6381:
6374:
6368:
6364:
6355:
6351:
6341:
6339:
6328:
6324:
6315:
6311:
6302:
6298:
6288:
6286:
6282:
6275:
6269:
6265:
6256:
6252:
6246:Wayback Machine
6233:
6229:
6219:
6217:
6200:
6196:
6187:
6183:
6178:
6174:
6165:
6161:
6144:
6140:
6134:Wayback Machine
6125:
6121:
6111:
6109:
6094:
6090:
6079:Wayback Machine
6069:
6065:
6059:Wayback Machine
6050:
6046:
5991:
5987:
5975:
5971:
5965:
5961:
5948:Wayback Machine
5932:
5928:
5921:
5903:
5899:
5889:
5887:
5883:
5876:
5872:
5871:
5867:
5857:
5855:
5816:
5812:
5764:
5760:
5750:
5748:
5731:
5727:
5717:
5715:
5706:
5705:
5701:
5645:
5638:
5623:
5619:
5600:
5596:
5522:
5515:
5502:
5498:
5491:
5473:
5469:
5457:
5453:
5449:, pp. 1–2.
5445:
5441:
5420:
5416:
5411:Wayback Machine
5398:
5394:
5373:
5369:
5354:
5334:
5330:
5318:The Independent
5309:
5305:
5297:
5293:
5274:
5273:
5269:
5250:
5249:
5245:
5233:
5229:
5221:
5217:
5207:
5203:
5193:
5189:
5179:
5177:
5168:
5167:
5163:
5150:
5148:
5139:
5138:
5134:
5125:
5121:
5104:
5100:
5069:
5065:
5056:
5052:
5042:
5040:
5031:
5030:
5026:
4979:
4975:
4965:
4963:
4952:
4948:
4943:Wayback Machine
4929:
4925:
4856:
4849:
4793:
4789:
4733:
4726:
4716:
4714:
4701:
4700:
4696:
4682:
4680:
4673:
4653:
4649:
4639:
4637:
4628:
4627:
4620:
4610:
4604:
4593:
4587:
4586:
4582:
4572:
4570:
4555:
4554:
4550:
4537:
4536:
4532:
4522:
4520:
4511:
4510:
4506:
4492:
4490:
4473:
4472:
4468:
4464:
4459:
4454:
4453:
4448:
4444:
4439:
4435:
4422:
4418:
4413:
4408:
4394:English Chilean
4334:
4280:
4166:
4161:
4159:
4156:
4099:Charles Dickens
4095:Agatha Christie
4052:Elizabethan era
4037:medieval period
3986:
3961:
3957:
3943:
3932:
3926:
3923:
3908:
3892:
3877:
3866:
3860:
3857:
3842:
3830:
3826:
3819:
3813:
3741:Celtic language
3698:language family
3685:
3684: anomalies
3681:
3679:
3675:
3673:
3669:
3667:
3663:
3643:
3633:
3613:St George's Day
3563:Edward III
3555:flag of England
3538:at an event in
3517:Lords Spiritual
3485:Wells Cathedral
3478:
3472:
3460:
3454:
3445:
3439:
3397:and to work in
3395:civil engineers
3360:
3354:
3322:
3320:Pākehā settlers
3312:
3259:
3253:
3241:
3235:
3202:(specifically:
3130:
3124:
3097:72,204–210,915
3009:
3003:
2958:Richard English
2907:
2824:Oliver Cromwell
2811:
2801:
2783:, creating the
2765:Treaty of Union
2730:
2729:
2724:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2702:
2697:
2691:
2680:
2674:
2620:French speaking
2608:Bayeux Tapestry
2597:
2591:
2551:
2541:
2446:
2436:
2335:
2329:Ancient Britons
2313:
2308:
2302:
2295:
2247:
2241:
2182:
2177:
2171:
2132:Scotch Canadian
2109:A. J. P. Taylor
2101:
2092:
2052:
2001:Norman Conquest
1964:who settled in
1897:
1859:
1857:
1850:
1849:
1804:National anthem
1789:
1788:
1777:
1776:
1745:
1744:
1735:
1734:
1670:
1669:
1658:
1657:
1638:
1637:
1626:
1625:
1561:
1560:
1548:
1547:
1513:
1512:
1501:
1500:
1476:
1475:
1464:
1463:
1459:Modern Paganism
1424:
1423:
1412:
1411:
1322:
1321:
1310:
1309:
1275:
1274:
1263:
1262:
1238:
1237:
1222:
1221:
1197:Scottish Gaelic
1153:
1152:
1141:
1140:
1022:
1021:
1010:
1009:
988:Interwar period
983:First World War
954:Napoleonic Wars
949:Georgian period
944:
943:
919:
901:
863:
861:
854:
853:
844:National anthem
829:
828:
817:
816:
807:
806:
795:
794:
740:
739:
728:
727:
698:
697:
686:
685:
646:
645:
643:performing arts
609:
608:
559:
558:
529:
528:
504:
503:
458:
449:
272:
267:
196:non-conformists
87:
86:37.6 million in
85:
71:
66:
59:
52:
30:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
10792:
10782:
10781:
10776:
10771:
10769:English people
10754:
10753:
10750:
10749:
10747:
10746:
10741:
10736:
10731:
10729:Northern Irish
10726:
10721:
10716:
10711:
10706:
10701:
10696:
10691:
10685:
10683:
10679:
10678:
10675:
10674:
10672:
10671:
10666:
10661:
10656:
10650:
10648:
10644:
10643:
10641:
10640:
10635:
10630:
10625:
10620:
10614:
10612:
10606:
10605:
10603:
10602:
10597:
10592:
10587:
10582:
10576:
10574:
10568:
10567:
10565:
10564:
10559:
10553:
10551:
10542:
10535:
10531:
10530:
10527:
10526:
10524:
10523:
10518:
10513:
10508:
10503:
10502:
10501:
10491:
10485:
10483:
10479:
10478:
10476:
10475:
10470:
10465:
10460:
10459:
10458:
10453:
10448:
10443:
10436:United Kingdom
10433:
10427:
10425:
10424:Current states
10421:
10420:
10418:
10417:
10411:
10409:
10402:
10390:
10389:
10386:
10385:
10383:
10382:
10381:
10380:
10375:
10370:
10363:United Kingdom
10360:
10355:
10350:
10345:
10339:
10337:
10333:
10332:
10330:
10329:
10324:
10323:
10322:
10317:
10310:Northern Isles
10307:
10302:
10297:
10296:
10295:
10290:
10280:
10275:
10270:
10264:
10262:
10255:
10251:
10250:
10247:
10246:
10244:
10243:
10238:
10233:
10228:
10223:
10217:
10215:
10211:
10210:
10208:
10207:
10202:
10197:
10191:
10189:
10183:
10182:
10180:
10179:
10173:
10168:
10163:
10157:United Kingdom
10154:
10148:
10146:
10137:
10133:
10132:
10130:
10129:
10128:
10127:
10122:
10117:
10112:
10107:
10102:
10097:
10087:
10081:
10078:
10077:
10070:
10069:
10062:
10055:
10047:
10038:
10037:
10035:
10034:
10029:
10024:
10019:
10014:
10009:
10004:
9999:
9994:
9989:
9984:
9979:
9974:
9972:Northern Irish
9969:
9964:
9962:Montserratians
9959:
9954:
9949:
9939:
9934:
9929:
9924:
9919:
9914:
9909:
9904:
9899:
9894:
9889:
9884:
9878:
9875:
9874:
9872:
9871:
9866:
9861:
9856:
9850:
9847:
9846:
9843:British people
9839:
9838:
9831:
9824:
9816:
9807:
9806:
9804:
9803:
9798:
9791:
9790:
9782:
9781:
9778:
9777:
9774:
9773:
9771:
9770:
9765:
9764:
9763:
9753:
9748:
9743:
9738:
9733:
9732:
9731:
9721:
9716:
9710:
9708:
9702:
9701:
9698:
9697:
9695:
9694:
9689:
9688:
9687:
9682:
9672:
9671:
9670:
9665:
9655:
9654:
9653:
9648:
9638:
9637:
9636:
9625:
9623:
9617:
9616:
9614:
9613:
9608:
9603:
9602:
9601:
9591:
9590:
9589:
9579:
9574:
9572:Middle England
9569:
9564:
9559:
9554:
9549:
9544:
9539:
9534:
9529:
9524:
9519:
9514:
9509:
9504:
9498:
9488:
9482:
9481:
9478:
9477:
9475:
9474:
9469:
9464:
9459:
9454:
9453:
9452:
9441:
9435:
9429:
9428:
9425:
9424:
9422:
9421:
9416:
9411:
9406:
9401:
9396:
9391:
9386:
9380:
9374:
9368:
9367:
9364:
9363:
9361:
9360:
9355:
9350:
9344:
9342:
9338:
9337:
9335:
9334:
9329:
9324:
9319:
9314:
9308:
9306:
9305:Prior Kingdoms
9302:
9301:
9299:
9298:
9293:
9288:
9282:
9280:
9276:
9275:
9273:
9272:
9267:
9262:
9257:
9251:
9249:
9243:
9242:
9240:
9239:
9234:
9229:
9224:
9219:
9214:
9209:
9204:
9199:
9193:
9191:
9185:
9184:
9182:
9181:
9176:
9174:Angevin Empire
9171:
9166:
9160:
9158:
9154:
9153:
9151:
9150:
9149:
9148:
9143:
9138:
9128:
9123:
9118:
9112:
9110:
9106:
9105:
9103:
9102:
9100:United Kingdom
9097:
9092:
9087:
9082:
9077:
9072:
9067:
9062:
9056:
9054:
9047:
9041:
9040:
9038: articles
9032:
9031:
9024:
9017:
9009:
9003:
9002:
8999:English people
8988:
8987:External links
8985:
8983:
8982:
8976:
8958:
8957:
8956:
8951:
8950:
8944:
8920:
8896:
8890:
8874:Paxman, Jeremy
8870:
8860:(3): 469–487.
8848:Kumar, Krishan
8844:
8838:
8822:Kumar, Krishan
8818:
8812:
8791:
8766:(2): 123–158.
8746:
8729:
8727:
8724:
8722:
8721:
8689:
8677:
8670:
8647:
8620:
8584:
8557:
8531:
8515:
8487:
8451:
8419:
8386:
8357:
8331:
8299:
8292:
8272:
8250:978-1846318191
8249:
8226:
8208:
8189:
8157:
8148:
8118:
8100:
8077:
8043:
8024:
7988:
7952:
7933:
7920:
7907:
7894:
7881:
7862:
7836:
7804:
7768:
7745:
7726:
7707:
7684:
7647:
7628:
7606:
7584:
7558:
7533:
7531:, p. 478.
7521:
7487:
7468:(3): 363–385.
7450:
7448:, p. 484.
7438:
7408:
7397:on 1 June 2011
7375:
7348:
7330:
7328:, p. 128.
7318:
7291:
7258:
7256:, p. 266)
7245:
7215:
7185:
7155:
7122:
7120:, p. 262.
7110:
7104:978-0198778721
7103:
7081:
7042:
7010:
6977:
6944:
6918:
6886:
6867:
6861:
6843:
6831:Black Presence
6819:
6792:
6774:
6748:
6732:
6708:
6678:
6666:
6633:
6611:
6597:
6574:
6545:
6515:
6489:
6473:
6441:
6422:
6403:Fox, Bethany.
6395:
6362:
6349:
6322:
6309:
6296:
6263:
6250:
6227:
6194:
6181:
6172:
6159:
6138:
6119:
6102:Tertullian.org
6088:
6081:' (20/01/16),
6063:
6044:
5985:
5969:
5959:
5933:Schiffels, S.
5926:
5919:
5897:
5865:
5810:
5781:(2): 711–722.
5758:
5725:
5699:
5636:
5617:
5594:
5513:
5496:
5490:978-0333692837
5489:
5467:
5451:
5439:
5414:
5392:
5367:
5352:
5328:
5303:
5291:
5267:
5243:
5227:
5215:
5201:
5187:
5161:
5132:
5119:
5098:
5063:
5050:
5024:
4973:
4946:
4923:
4847:
4787:
4724:
4694:
4671:
4647:
4618:
4602:
4580:
4548:
4543:www.abs.gov.au
4530:
4504:
4479:www.ons.gov.uk
4465:
4463:
4460:
4458:
4455:
4452:
4451:
4442:
4433:
4415:
4414:
4412:
4409:
4407:
4406:
4401:
4396:
4391:
4386:
4381:
4376:
4371:
4366:
4361:
4356:
4351:
4346:
4340:
4333:
4332:
4327:
4322:
4317:
4312:
4310:Middle English
4307:
4302:
4297:
4292:
4286:
4279:
4278:
4273:
4268:
4253:
4244:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4224:
4219:
4214:
4209:
4204:
4199:
4197:Celtic peoples
4194:
4189:
4184:
4182:British people
4179:
4173:
4172:
4171:
4168:England portal
4155:
4152:
4140:Philip Pullman
4087:Arnold Bennett
4064:Edmund Spenser
4041:Middle English
3945:
3944:
3895:
3893:
3886:
3879:
3878:
3833:
3831:
3824:
3815:Main article:
3812:
3809:
3773:British Empire
3765:printing press
3702:Middle English
3680:
3674:
3668:
3662:
3632:
3629:
3567:St Edmund
3521:House of Lords
3474:Main article:
3471:
3468:
3456:Main article:
3453:
3450:
3441:Main article:
3438:
3435:
3356:Main article:
3353:
3350:
3311:
3308:
3272:, 1st and 2nd
3255:Main article:
3252:
3249:
3237:Main article:
3234:
3231:
3212:Northumberland
3157:White American
3143:, had English
3126:Main article:
3123:
3120:
3102:
3101:
3098:
3095:
3092:
3086:
3085:
3082:
3079:
3076:
3070:
3069:
3066:
3063:
3060:
3056:
3055:
3052:
3049:
3048:United States
3046:
3042:
3041:
3038:
3035:
3032:
3028:
3027:
3024:
3021:
3018:
3005:Main article:
3002:
2999:
2906:
2903:
2872:, and a small
2800:
2797:
2759:by passing an
2727:United Kingdom
2725:
2714:
2709:
2698:
2687:
2676:Main article:
2673:
2672:United Kingdom
2670:
2640:Angevin Empire
2590:
2587:
2569:. The English
2555:petty kingdoms
2540:
2537:
2484:(for example,
2435:
2432:
2389:petty kingdoms
2378:Burgh-by-Sands
2365:Romano-British
2333:Romano-Britons
2312:
2309:
2304:Main article:
2294:
2291:
2243:Main article:
2240:
2237:
2181:
2178:
2170:
2167:
2157:Matthew Parris
2130:, by origin a
2091:
2088:
2061:British Empire
2051:
2048:
1977:Celtic Britons
1905:English people
1899:
1898:
1896:
1895:
1888:
1881:
1873:
1870:
1869:
1868:
1867:
1852:
1851:
1848:
1847:
1842:
1837:
1830:
1823:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1801:
1796:
1790:
1784:
1783:
1782:
1779:
1778:
1775:
1774:
1769:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1746:
1742:
1741:
1740:
1737:
1736:
1733:
1732:
1727:
1722:
1717:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1697:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1671:
1665:
1664:
1663:
1660:
1659:
1656:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1639:
1633:
1632:
1631:
1628:
1627:
1624:
1623:
1618:
1616:Music of Wales
1613:
1608:
1603:
1598:
1593:
1588:
1583:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1562:
1555:
1554:
1553:
1550:
1549:
1546:
1545:
1543:British comics
1540:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1520:
1514:
1508:
1507:
1506:
1503:
1502:
1499:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1477:
1471:
1470:
1469:
1466:
1465:
1462:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1431:
1425:
1419:
1418:
1417:
1414:
1413:
1410:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1329:
1327:New Year's Day
1323:
1317:
1316:
1315:
1312:
1311:
1308:
1307:
1302:
1300:Northern Irish
1297:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1276:
1270:
1269:
1268:
1265:
1264:
1261:
1260:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1239:
1229:
1228:
1227:
1224:
1223:
1220:
1219:
1214:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1193:
1192:
1182:
1181:
1180:
1175:
1170:
1165:
1154:
1148:
1147:
1146:
1143:
1142:
1139:
1138:
1133:
1128:
1123:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1080:
1079:
1074:
1069:
1068:
1067:
1062:
1060:Northern Irish
1057:
1052:
1047:
1037:
1032:
1023:
1017:
1016:
1015:
1012:
1011:
1008:
1007:
1006:
1005:
995:
990:
985:
980:
975:
974:
973:
971:British Empire
963:
962:
961:
959:Regency period
956:
945:
939:
938:
937:
934:
933:
925:
924:
916:
915:
903:
902:
900:
899:
892:
885:
877:
874:
873:
872:
871:
856:
855:
852:
851:
846:
841:
836:
830:
824:
823:
822:
819:
818:
815:
814:
808:
802:
801:
800:
797:
796:
793:
792:
787:
782:
777:
772:
767:
762:
757:
752:
747:
741:
735:
734:
733:
730:
729:
726:
725:
720:
715:
710:
705:
699:
693:
692:
691:
688:
687:
684:
683:
678:
673:
668:
663:
658:
653:
647:
637:
636:
635:
632:
631:
625:
624:
618:
617:
611:
610:
607:
606:
601:
596:
591:
586:
581:
576:
571:
566:
560:
554:
553:
552:
549:
548:
542:
541:
531:
530:
527:
526:
521:
519:Morris Dancing
516:
511:
505:
499:
498:
497:
494:
493:
487:
486:
480:
479:
473:
472:
464:
463:
451:
450:
448:
447:
440:
433:
425:
422:
421:
420:
419:
414:
409:
404:
399:
394:
389:
384:
376:
375:
371:
370:
364:
363:
357:
356:
350:
349:
343:
342:
336:
335:
329:
328:
322:
321:
313:
312:
310:English people
306:
305:
297:
296:
269:
268:
266:
265:
260:
258:Celtic Britons
255:
253:British people
248:
245:
244:
240:
239:
184:
183:
179:
178:
168:
167:
163:
162:
156:
152:
151:
145:
141:
140:
134:
130:
129:
123:
119:
118:
112:
108:
107:
97:
96:
81:
80:
74:English people
69:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
10791:
10780:
10777:
10775:
10772:
10770:
10767:
10766:
10764:
10745:
10742:
10740:
10737:
10735:
10732:
10730:
10727:
10725:
10722:
10720:
10717:
10715:
10712:
10710:
10707:
10705:
10702:
10700:
10697:
10695:
10692:
10690:
10687:
10686:
10684:
10680:
10670:
10667:
10665:
10662:
10660:
10657:
10655:
10652:
10651:
10649:
10645:
10639:
10636:
10634:
10631:
10629:
10626:
10624:
10621:
10619:
10616:
10615:
10613:
10611:
10607:
10601:
10598:
10596:
10593:
10591:
10588:
10586:
10583:
10581:
10578:
10577:
10575:
10573:
10569:
10563:
10560:
10558:
10555:
10554:
10552:
10550:
10546:
10543:
10539:
10536:
10532:
10522:
10519:
10517:
10514:
10512:
10509:
10507:
10504:
10500:
10497:
10496:
10495:
10492:
10490:
10487:
10486:
10484:
10482:Former states
10480:
10474:
10471:
10469:
10466:
10464:
10461:
10457:
10454:
10452:
10449:
10447:
10444:
10442:
10439:
10438:
10437:
10434:
10432:
10429:
10428:
10426:
10422:
10416:
10413:
10412:
10410:
10408:Island groups
10406:
10403:
10400:
10395:
10391:
10379:
10376:
10374:
10371:
10369:
10366:
10365:
10364:
10361:
10359:
10356:
10354:
10351:
10349:
10346:
10344:
10341:
10340:
10338:
10334:
10328:
10325:
10321:
10318:
10316:
10313:
10312:
10311:
10308:
10306:
10303:
10301:
10298:
10294:
10291:
10289:
10286:
10285:
10284:
10281:
10279:
10278:Great Britain
10276:
10274:
10271:
10269:
10266:
10265:
10263:
10261:Island groups
10259:
10256:
10252:
10242:
10239:
10237:
10234:
10232:
10229:
10227:
10224:
10222:
10219:
10218:
10216:
10212:
10206:
10203:
10201:
10198:
10196:
10193:
10192:
10190:
10188:
10184:
10177:
10174:
10172:
10169:
10167:
10164:
10162:
10158:
10155:
10153:
10150:
10149:
10147:
10145:
10141:
10138:
10134:
10126:
10123:
10121:
10118:
10116:
10113:
10111:
10108:
10106:
10103:
10101:
10098:
10096:
10093:
10092:
10091:
10088:
10086:
10083:
10082:
10079:
10075:
10074:British Isles
10068:
10063:
10061:
10056:
10054:
10049:
10048:
10045:
10033:
10030:
10028:
10025:
10023:
10020:
10018:
10015:
10013:
10010:
10008:
10007:Spanish Brits
10005:
10003:
10000:
9998:
9995:
9993:
9990:
9988:
9985:
9983:
9980:
9978:
9975:
9973:
9970:
9968:
9965:
9963:
9960:
9958:
9955:
9953:
9950:
9947:
9943:
9940:
9938:
9935:
9933:
9932:Gibraltarians
9930:
9928:
9925:
9923:
9920:
9918:
9915:
9913:
9910:
9908:
9905:
9903:
9900:
9898:
9895:
9893:
9890:
9888:
9885:
9883:
9880:
9879:
9876:
9870:
9867:
9865:
9862:
9860:
9857:
9855:
9852:
9851:
9848:
9844:
9837:
9832:
9830:
9825:
9823:
9818:
9817:
9814:
9802:
9799:
9797:
9794:
9793:
9788:
9784:
9783:
9779:
9769:
9766:
9762:
9759:
9758:
9757:
9754:
9752:
9749:
9747:
9744:
9742:
9739:
9737:
9734:
9730:
9729:national flag
9727:
9726:
9725:
9722:
9720:
9717:
9715:
9712:
9711:
9709:
9707:
9703:
9693:
9690:
9686:
9685:national team
9683:
9681:
9678:
9677:
9676:
9673:
9669:
9668:national team
9666:
9664:
9661:
9660:
9659:
9656:
9652:
9651:national team
9649:
9647:
9644:
9643:
9642:
9639:
9635:
9634:national team
9632:
9631:
9630:
9627:
9626:
9624:
9622:
9618:
9612:
9609:
9607:
9604:
9600:
9597:
9596:
9595:
9592:
9588:
9585:
9584:
9583:
9580:
9578:
9575:
9573:
9570:
9568:
9565:
9563:
9560:
9558:
9555:
9553:
9550:
9548:
9545:
9543:
9540:
9538:
9535:
9533:
9530:
9528:
9525:
9523:
9520:
9518:
9515:
9513:
9510:
9508:
9505:
9503:
9502:Afternoon tea
9500:
9499:
9496:
9492:
9489:
9487:
9483:
9473:
9470:
9468:
9465:
9463:
9460:
9458:
9455:
9451:
9448:
9447:
9446:
9443:
9442:
9439:
9436:
9434:
9430:
9420:
9417:
9415:
9412:
9410:
9407:
9405:
9402:
9400:
9397:
9395:
9392:
9390:
9387:
9385:
9382:
9381:
9378:
9375:
9373:
9369:
9359:
9358:House of York
9356:
9354:
9351:
9349:
9346:
9345:
9343:
9339:
9333:
9330:
9328:
9325:
9323:
9320:
9318:
9315:
9313:
9310:
9309:
9307:
9303:
9297:
9294:
9292:
9289:
9287:
9284:
9283:
9281:
9277:
9271:
9268:
9266:
9265:Edwardian era
9263:
9261:
9260:Victorian era
9258:
9256:
9253:
9252:
9250:
9248:
9244:
9238:
9235:
9233:
9230:
9228:
9225:
9223:
9220:
9218:
9215:
9213:
9210:
9208:
9205:
9203:
9202:Stuart period
9200:
9198:
9195:
9194:
9192:
9190:
9186:
9180:
9177:
9175:
9172:
9170:
9167:
9165:
9162:
9161:
9159:
9155:
9147:
9144:
9142:
9139:
9137:
9134:
9133:
9132:
9129:
9127:
9124:
9122:
9121:Roman Britain
9119:
9117:
9114:
9113:
9111:
9107:
9101:
9098:
9096:
9095:British Isles
9093:
9091:
9088:
9086:
9083:
9081:
9078:
9076:
9073:
9071:
9068:
9066:
9063:
9061:
9058:
9057:
9055:
9051:
9048:
9046:
9042:
9037:
9030:
9025:
9023:
9018:
9016:
9011:
9010:
9007:
9000:
8995:
8991:
8990:
8979:
8977:9781781387061
8973:
8969:
8965:
8960:
8959:
8954:
8953:
8947:
8941:
8937:
8932:
8931:
8925:
8921:
8909:
8905:
8901:
8897:
8893:
8887:
8883:
8882:Penguin Books
8879:
8875:
8871:
8867:
8863:
8859:
8855:
8854:
8849:
8845:
8841:
8835:
8831:
8827:
8823:
8819:
8815:
8809:
8805:
8800:
8799:
8792:
8785:
8781:
8777:
8773:
8769:
8765:
8761:
8760:
8752:
8747:
8743:
8739:
8735:
8731:
8730:
8709:
8705:
8704:
8699:
8693:
8686:
8681:
8673:
8671:3-631-33066-9
8667:
8663:
8657:
8651:
8635:
8631:
8624:
8605:
8601:
8594:
8588:
8571:
8567:
8561:
8545:
8541:
8535:
8526:
8519:
8502:
8498:
8497:"Life Events"
8491:
8472:
8468:
8461:
8455:
8439:
8435:
8434:
8429:
8423:
8407:
8403:
8402:
8397:
8390:
8382:
8378:
8377:
8376:The Spectator
8372:
8370:
8361:
8345:
8341:
8335:
8316:
8309:
8303:
8295:
8293:9781846318191
8289:
8285:
8284:
8276:
8268:
8256:
8252:
8246:
8242:
8241:
8233:
8231:
8222:
8218:
8212:
8205:
8201:
8198:
8193:
8177:
8173:
8172:
8167:
8161:
8152:
8136:
8132:
8128:
8122:
8115:
8107:
8103:
8097:
8090:
8089:
8081:
8065:
8061:
8057:
8053:
8047:
8040:
8036:
8033:
8028:
8009:
8005:
7998:
7992:
7973:
7969:
7962:
7956:
7949:
7945:
7942:
7937:
7930:
7924:
7917:
7911:
7904:
7898:
7891:
7885:
7878:
7874:
7871:
7866:
7850:
7846:
7840:
7832:
7820:
7816:
7815:
7808:
7789:
7785:
7778:
7772:
7765:
7761:
7757:
7754:
7749:
7743:
7739:
7735:
7730:
7724:
7720:
7716:
7711:
7705:
7701:
7698:; see p. 43)
7697:
7693:
7688:
7672:
7668:
7662:
7657:
7651:
7644:
7640:
7637:
7632:
7626:– 2016 Census
7625:
7621:
7618:
7613:
7611:
7603:
7599:
7596:
7591:
7589:
7572:
7568:
7562:
7547:
7543:
7537:
7530:
7525:
7509:
7505:
7501:
7500:Election 2010
7497:
7491:
7483:
7479:
7475:
7471:
7467:
7463:
7462:
7454:
7447:
7442:
7426:
7422:
7418:
7412:
7393:
7386:
7379:
7371:
7367:
7363:
7359:
7352:
7344:
7340:
7334:
7327:
7322:
7306:
7302:
7295:
7276:
7269:
7262:
7255:
7249:
7233:
7229:
7225:
7219:
7203:
7199:
7195:
7189:
7173:
7169:
7165:
7159:
7143:
7139:
7138:
7133:
7126:
7119:
7114:
7106:
7100:
7096:
7092:
7085:
7066:
7062:
7055:
7054:
7046:
7030:
7026:
7025:
7020:
7014:
6998:
6994:
6993:The Economist
6990:
6984:
6982:
6965:
6961:
6960:
6955:
6948:
6932:
6928:
6922:
6906:
6902:
6901:
6896:
6890:
6883:
6879:
6876:
6871:
6864:
6858:
6854:
6847:
6840:
6839:
6835:
6832:
6826:
6824:
6816:
6815:
6810:
6809:
6805:
6802:
6796:
6788:
6784:
6778:
6762:
6758:
6752:
6745:
6744:Jeremy Paxman
6741:
6736:
6729:
6728:0-563-53747-7
6725:
6721:
6717:
6712:
6696:
6692:
6688:
6682:
6675:
6670:
6654:
6650:
6648:
6643:
6637:
6629:
6625:
6621:
6615:
6608:
6607:
6601:
6595:
6594:0-297-83311-1
6591:
6588:, Artus 1979
6587:
6583:
6578:
6571:
6567:
6563:
6562:
6558:
6555:
6549:
6533:
6529:
6525:
6519:
6504:
6500:
6493:
6486:
6482:
6477:
6470:
6466:
6463:
6459:
6458:
6454:
6451:
6445:
6439:
6438:0-7524-2566-8
6435:
6431:
6426:
6410:
6406:
6399:
6380:
6373:
6366:
6359:
6353:
6337:
6333:
6326:
6319:
6313:
6306:
6300:
6281:
6274:
6267:
6260:
6254:
6247:
6243:
6240:
6236:
6235:Todd, Malcolm
6231:
6215:
6211:
6210:
6205:
6198:
6191:
6185:
6176:
6169:
6163:
6156:
6155:0-00-712693-X
6152:
6148:
6147:Francis Pryor
6142:
6135:
6131:
6128:
6123:
6107:
6103:
6099:
6092:
6086:
6085:
6080:
6076:
6073:
6067:
6060:
6056:
6053:
6048:
6040:
6036:
6031:
6026:
6022:
6018:
6014:
6010:
6006:
6002:
6001:
5996:
5989:
5983:
5979:
5973:
5963:
5957:
5953:
5949:
5945:
5942:
5941:
5936:
5930:
5922:
5916:
5912:
5908:
5901:
5882:
5875:
5869:
5853:
5849:
5845:
5840:
5835:
5831:
5827:
5826:
5821:
5814:
5806:
5802:
5797:
5792:
5788:
5784:
5780:
5776:
5775:
5770:
5762:
5746:
5742:
5741:
5736:
5729:
5713:
5709:
5703:
5695:
5691:
5686:
5681:
5677:
5673:
5669:
5665:
5661:
5657:
5656:
5651:
5643:
5641:
5632:
5628:
5621:
5613:
5609:
5605:
5598:
5590:
5586:
5581:
5576:
5572:
5568:
5564:
5560:
5556:
5552:
5547:
5542:
5538:
5534:
5533:
5528:
5520:
5518:
5509:
5508:
5507:The Spectator
5500:
5492:
5486:
5482:
5478:
5471:
5464:
5460:
5455:
5448:
5443:
5437:
5435:
5429:
5424:
5418:
5412:
5408:
5405:
5402:
5396:
5388:
5384:
5383:
5378:
5371:
5363:
5359:
5355:
5349:
5345:
5341:
5340:
5332:
5324:
5320:
5319:
5314:
5307:
5300:
5295:
5287:
5283:
5282:
5281:The Economist
5277:
5271:
5263:
5259:
5258:
5253:
5247:
5240:
5236:
5231:
5224:
5219:
5212:
5211:
5205:
5198:
5197:
5191:
5175:
5171:
5165:
5158:
5146:
5142:
5136:
5129:
5123:
5116:
5115:0-7156-3191-8
5112:
5108:
5102:
5093:
5088:
5084:
5080:
5079:
5074:
5067:
5060:
5054:
5038:
5034:
5028:
5020:
5016:
5012:
5008:
5003:
4998:
4994:
4990:
4989:
4984:
4977:
4961:
4957:
4950:
4944:
4940:
4937:
4933:
4927:
4919:
4915:
4910:
4905:
4901:
4897:
4893:
4889:
4885:
4881:
4877:
4873:
4868:
4864:
4860:
4854:
4852:
4843:
4839:
4834:
4829:
4825:
4821:
4817:
4813:
4809:
4805:
4804:
4799:
4791:
4783:
4779:
4774:
4769:
4765:
4761:
4757:
4753:
4749:
4745:
4744:
4739:
4731:
4729:
4712:
4708:
4704:
4698:
4690:
4678:
4674:
4668:
4664:
4660:
4659:
4651:
4635:
4631:
4625:
4623:
4609:
4605:
4599:
4592:
4591:
4584:
4568:
4564:
4563:
4558:
4552:
4544:
4540:
4534:
4518:
4514:
4508:
4501:
4488:
4484:
4480:
4476:
4470:
4466:
4446:
4437:
4430:
4426:
4420:
4416:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4382:
4380:
4377:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4367:
4365:
4362:
4360:
4357:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4349:Anglo-Burmese
4347:
4345:
4342:
4341:
4339:
4338:
4331:
4328:
4326:
4323:
4321:
4318:
4316:
4313:
4311:
4308:
4306:
4303:
4301:
4298:
4296:
4293:
4291:
4290:Anglicisation
4288:
4287:
4285:
4284:
4277:
4276:White British
4274:
4272:
4269:
4265:
4259:
4258:
4254:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4238:
4235:
4233:
4230:
4228:
4225:
4223:
4220:
4218:
4215:
4213:
4210:
4208:
4205:
4203:
4200:
4198:
4195:
4193:
4190:
4188:
4185:
4183:
4180:
4178:
4175:
4174:
4169:
4158:
4151:
4149:
4148:J. K. Rowling
4145:
4144:Douglas Adams
4141:
4137:
4133:
4129:
4128:
4123:
4120:In 2003, the
4118:
4116:
4112:
4111:George Orwell
4108:
4107:A. E. Housman
4104:
4100:
4096:
4092:
4091:Rupert Brooke
4088:
4084:
4079:
4077:
4073:
4069:
4065:
4061:
4057:
4053:
4048:
4046:
4042:
4038:
4034:
4030:
4026:
4022:
4018:
4014:
4010:
4006:
3998:
3997:
3992:
3979:
3955:
3951:
3941:
3938:
3930:
3927:February 2020
3920:
3916:
3912:
3906:
3905:
3901:
3896:This section
3894:
3890:
3885:
3884:
3875:
3872:
3864:
3861:February 2020
3854:
3850:
3846:
3840:
3839:
3834:This section
3832:
3823:
3822:
3818:
3808:
3806:
3802:
3798:
3794:
3793:communication
3790:
3786:
3782:
3778:
3774:
3770:
3766:
3762:
3758:
3754:
3750:
3746:
3742:
3738:
3734:
3732:
3728:
3724:
3723:
3717:
3715:
3711:
3707:
3703:
3699:
3696:
3695:West Germanic
3692:
3660:
3656:
3652:
3647:
3642:
3638:
3628:
3626:
3622:
3618:
3614:
3609:
3607:
3603:
3600:
3596:
3592:
3588:
3584:
3581:on behalf of
3580:
3576:
3572:
3571:St Alban
3568:
3564:
3560:
3556:
3552:
3548:
3541:
3537:
3532:
3528:
3526:
3525:parish church
3522:
3518:
3514:
3510:
3509:General Synod
3506:
3502:
3498:
3494:
3486:
3482:
3477:
3467:
3465:
3459:
3449:
3444:
3434:
3432:
3428:
3424:
3420:
3416:
3412:
3408:
3404:
3400:
3396:
3392:
3388:
3383:
3380:
3376:
3368:
3364:
3359:
3349:
3347:
3343:
3338:
3336:
3332:
3328:
3321:
3317:
3307:
3305:
3301:
3297:
3295:
3291:
3287:
3286:British Isles
3283:
3275:
3271:
3270:Alfred Deakin
3267:
3266:Edmund Barton
3263:
3258:
3248:
3246:
3240:
3230:
3227:
3223:
3221:
3217:
3213:
3209:
3205:
3204:County Durham
3201:
3197:
3196:Lowland Scots
3193:
3189:
3184:
3182:
3178:
3174:
3169:
3167:
3162:
3158:
3154:
3146:
3142:
3138:
3134:
3129:
3122:United States
3119:
3117:
3116:Western world
3112:
3110:
3099:
3096:
3093:
3091:
3088:
3087:
3083:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3071:
3067:
3064:
3061:
3058:
3057:
3053:
3050:
3047:
3044:
3043:
3039:
3036:
3033:
3030:
3029:
3025:
3022:
3019:
3016:
3015:
3008:
2998:
2996:
2992:
2988:
2987:
2983:
2978:
2976:
2970:
2968:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2950:
2948:
2944:
2940:
2936:
2932:
2928:
2923:
2921:
2917:
2913:
2902:
2898:
2895:
2891:
2887:
2883:
2879:
2875:
2871:
2867:
2862:
2860:
2856:
2852:
2848:
2847:Protestantism
2844:
2839:
2837:
2833:
2829:
2825:
2821:
2817:
2810:
2806:
2796:
2792:
2790:
2786:
2782:
2778:
2774:
2770:
2766:
2762:
2758:
2753:
2751:
2747:
2743:
2739:
2735:
2728:
2722:
2717:
2712:
2711:Great Britain
2706:
2701:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2679:
2669:
2667:
2663:
2662:
2656:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2641:
2637:
2633:
2629:
2624:
2621:
2617:
2609:
2605:
2601:
2596:
2586:
2584:
2583:Eamont Bridge
2580:
2575:
2572:
2568:
2564:
2560:
2556:
2550:
2546:
2536:
2534:
2530:
2526:
2522:
2518:
2514:
2510:
2506:
2502:
2498:
2493:
2491:
2487:
2481:
2479:
2475:
2471:
2470:British Isles
2467:
2459:
2452:Æthelred II (
2450:
2445:
2441:
2431:
2427:
2424:
2418:
2416:
2412:
2411:
2406:
2402:
2397:
2390:
2385:
2381:
2379:
2375:
2370:
2366:
2361:
2359:
2355:
2351:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2330:
2326:
2322:
2321:Roman Britain
2318:
2307:
2300:
2290:
2288:
2287:Celtic Briton
2283:
2279:
2275:
2271:
2267:
2260:
2256:
2251:
2246:
2236:
2232:
2230:
2229:British Isles
2226:
2222:
2218:
2214:
2209:
2207:
2203:
2199:
2195:
2191:
2187:
2176:
2166:
2164:
2163:
2162:The Spectator
2158:
2153:
2151:
2150:Norman Davies
2147:
2146:
2139:
2137:
2133:
2129:
2125:
2120:
2119:
2112:
2110:
2105:
2098:
2097:Krishan Kumar
2087:
2085:
2081:
2077:
2073:
2069:
2064:
2062:
2058:
2047:
2045:
2041:
2037:
2033:
2029:
2025:
2021:
2017:
2012:
2010:
2006:
2002:
1998:
1994:
1990:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1975:
1971:
1967:
1963:
1959:
1954:
1952:
1948:
1944:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1926:
1925:West Germanic
1922:
1918:
1914:
1910:
1906:
1894:
1889:
1887:
1882:
1880:
1875:
1874:
1872:
1871:
1866:
1856:
1855:
1854:
1853:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1835:
1831:
1829:
1828:
1824:
1822:
1821:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1792:
1791:
1787:
1781:
1780:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1767:
1763:
1761:
1758:
1756:
1753:
1751:
1748:
1747:
1739:
1738:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1696:
1693:
1691:
1688:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1673:
1672:
1668:
1662:
1661:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1641:
1640:
1636:
1630:
1629:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1614:
1612:
1609:
1607:
1604:
1602:
1599:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1589:
1587:
1584:
1582:
1579:
1577:
1574:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1564:
1563:
1558:
1552:
1551:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1515:
1511:
1505:
1504:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1478:
1474:
1468:
1467:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1426:
1422:
1416:
1415:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1377:Christmas Day
1375:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1342:Easter Monday
1340:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1324:
1320:
1314:
1313:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1277:
1273:
1267:
1266:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1226:
1225:
1218:
1215:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1198:
1195:
1191:
1188:
1187:
1186:
1183:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1164:
1161:
1160:
1159:
1156:
1155:
1151:
1145:
1144:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1124:
1122:
1121:British Mixed
1119:
1117:
1116:British Arabs
1114:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1106:Black British
1104:
1102:
1101:Asian British
1099:
1097:
1096:White British
1094:
1092:
1091:
1087:
1086:
1085:
1084:
1078:
1075:
1073:
1070:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1042:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1028:
1027:
1026:
1020:
1014:
1013:
1004:
1001:
1000:
999:
996:
994:
991:
989:
986:
984:
981:
979:
976:
972:
969:
968:
967:
964:
960:
957:
955:
952:
951:
950:
947:
946:
942:
936:
935:
931:
927:
926:
922:
918:
917:
913:
909:
908:
898:
893:
891:
886:
884:
879:
878:
876:
875:
870:
860:
859:
858:
857:
850:
847:
845:
842:
840:
837:
835:
832:
831:
827:
821:
820:
813:
810:
809:
805:
799:
798:
791:
788:
786:
783:
781:
778:
776:
773:
771:
768:
766:
763:
761:
758:
756:
753:
751:
748:
746:
743:
742:
738:
732:
731:
724:
721:
719:
716:
714:
711:
709:
706:
704:
701:
700:
696:
690:
689:
682:
679:
677:
674:
672:
669:
667:
666:Garland dance
664:
662:
659:
657:
656:Country dance
654:
652:
649:
648:
644:
640:
634:
633:
630:
627:
626:
623:
620:
619:
616:
613:
612:
605:
602:
600:
599:Plough Sunday
597:
595:
594:Plough Monday
592:
590:
587:
585:
582:
580:
577:
575:
572:
570:
567:
565:
562:
561:
557:
551:
550:
547:
544:
543:
540:
536:
533:
532:
525:
522:
520:
517:
515:
512:
510:
507:
506:
502:
496:
495:
492:
489:
488:
485:
482:
481:
478:
475:
474:
470:
466:
465:
461:
457:
456:
446:
441:
439:
434:
432:
427:
426:
424:
423:
418:
415:
413:
410:
408:
405:
403:
400:
398:
395:
393:
390:
388:
385:
383:
382:United States
380:
379:
378:
377:
373:
372:
369:
366:
365:
362:
359:
358:
355:
352:
351:
348:
345:
344:
341:
338:
337:
334:
331:
330:
327:
324:
323:
319:
315:
314:
311:
308:
307:
303:
302:
295:
294:Anglo-Indians
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
270:
264:
261:
259:
256:
254:
250:
249:
246:
241:
237:
233:
229:
225:
221:
217:
213:
209:
205:
201:
197:
193:
189:
185:
180:
177:
173:
169:
164:
160:
157:
153:
149:
146:
142:
138:
135:
131:
127:
124:
120:
116:
113:
111:United States
109:
106:
104:
98:
94:
90:
82:
77:
68:
63:
56:
49:
47:
42:
38:
34:
19:
10739:Ulster-Scots
10698:
10027:Ulster Scots
9921:
9756:Saint George
9719:Coat of arms
9658:Rugby league
9611:Sunday Roast
9581:
9532:Demographics
9462:Independence
9279:Contemporary
9237:Georgian era
9222:Jacobean era
9197:Tudor period
9189:Early Modern
9001:at Wikiquote
8963:
8929:
8912:. Retrieved
8903:
8877:
8857:
8851:
8825:
8797:
8784:the original
8763:
8757:
8742:the original
8737:
8712:. Retrieved
8708:the original
8701:
8692:
8680:
8661:
8655:
8650:
8638:. Retrieved
8623:
8611:. Retrieved
8604:the original
8599:
8587:
8574:. Retrieved
8560:
8548:. Retrieved
8534:
8524:
8518:
8505:. Retrieved
8501:the original
8490:
8478:. Retrieved
8471:the original
8454:
8442:. Retrieved
8431:
8422:
8410:. Retrieved
8406:the original
8399:
8389:
8381:the original
8374:
8368:
8360:
8348:. Retrieved
8334:
8322:. Retrieved
8302:
8282:
8275:
8267:Google Books
8265:– via
8259:. Retrieved
8239:
8221:the original
8211:
8192:
8180:. Retrieved
8169:
8160:
8151:
8139:. Retrieved
8130:
8121:
8112:
8106:the original
8087:
8080:
8068:. Retrieved
8064:the original
8055:
8046:
8027:
8015:. Retrieved
8003:
7991:
7979:. Retrieved
7955:
7936:
7928:
7923:
7915:
7910:
7902:
7897:
7889:
7884:
7865:
7853:. Retrieved
7839:
7831:Google Books
7829:– via
7823:. Retrieved
7813:
7807:
7795:. Retrieved
7783:
7771:
7763:
7748:
7729:
7710:
7687:
7675:. Retrieved
7663:spreadsheet)
7650:
7631:
7575:. Retrieved
7561:
7549:. Retrieved
7545:
7536:
7524:
7512:. Retrieved
7499:
7490:
7465:
7459:
7453:
7441:
7429:. Retrieved
7411:
7399:. Retrieved
7392:the original
7378:
7364:(1): 37–56.
7361:
7357:
7351:
7343:yougov.co.uk
7342:
7333:
7321:
7309:. Retrieved
7294:
7282:. Retrieved
7261:
7248:
7236:. Retrieved
7227:
7218:
7206:. Retrieved
7197:
7188:
7176:. Retrieved
7167:
7158:
7146:. Retrieved
7142:the original
7135:
7125:
7113:
7090:
7084:
7072:. Retrieved
7065:the original
7052:
7045:
7033:. Retrieved
7024:The Guardian
7022:
7013:
7001:. Retrieved
6992:
6968:. Retrieved
6959:The Observer
6957:
6947:
6935:. Retrieved
6921:
6911:18 September
6909:. Retrieved
6905:the original
6898:
6889:
6870:
6852:
6846:
6829:
6814:The Guardian
6812:
6799:
6795:
6787:the original
6777:
6765:. Retrieved
6761:the original
6751:
6739:
6735:
6720:Simon Schama
6715:
6711:
6699:. Retrieved
6690:
6681:
6669:
6657:. Retrieved
6645:
6636:
6628:the original
6623:
6614:
6604:
6600:
6585:
6577:
6552:
6548:
6536:. Retrieved
6527:
6518:
6506:. Retrieved
6502:
6492:
6485:Melvyn Bragg
6480:
6476:
6448:
6444:
6429:
6425:
6413:. Retrieved
6398:
6386:. Retrieved
6365:
6357:
6352:
6340:. Retrieved
6325:
6317:
6312:
6304:
6299:
6287:. Retrieved
6266:
6258:
6253:
6230:
6218:. Retrieved
6207:
6197:
6189:
6184:
6175:
6167:
6162:
6141:
6122:
6110:. Retrieved
6101:
6091:
6082:
6066:
6047:
6004:
5998:
5988:
5981:
5977:
5972:
5962:
5939:
5934:
5929:
5906:
5900:
5888:. Retrieved
5868:
5856:. Retrieved
5829:
5823:
5813:
5778:
5772:
5761:
5749:. Retrieved
5738:
5728:
5716:. Retrieved
5702:
5659:
5653:
5630:
5620:
5612:the original
5607:
5597:
5536:
5530:
5505:
5499:
5476:
5470:
5462:
5454:
5442:
5433:
5432:'Identity',
5423:Bangladeshis
5417:
5400:
5395:
5387:the original
5382:The Guardian
5380:
5370:
5362:Google Books
5358:the original
5338:
5331:
5323:the original
5316:
5306:
5294:
5286:the original
5279:
5270:
5262:the original
5255:
5246:
5230:
5218:
5210:Englishwoman
5209:
5204:
5195:
5190:
5178:. Retrieved
5174:the original
5164:
5156:
5149:. Retrieved
5135:
5127:
5122:
5106:
5101:
5082:
5076:
5066:
5058:
5053:
5041:. Retrieved
5036:
5027:
4992:
4986:
4976:
4964:. Retrieved
4959:
4949:
4931:
4926:
4886:(1): 10326.
4883:
4879:
4872:Holst, Malin
4858:
4807:
4801:
4790:
4747:
4741:
4715:. Retrieved
4706:
4697:
4689:Google Books
4687:– via
4681:. Retrieved
4657:
4650:
4638:. Retrieved
4633:
4589:
4583:
4571:. Retrieved
4560:
4551:
4542:
4533:
4521:. Retrieved
4507:
4498:
4491:. Retrieved
4478:
4469:
4445:
4436:
4428:
4419:
4359:Anglo-Indian
4354:Metis people
4336:
4335:
4282:
4281:
4257:100% English
4255:
4127:The Big Read
4125:
4119:
4103:Thomas Hardy
4080:
4060:Thomas Nashe
4049:
4025:The Wanderer
4021:The Seafarer
4002:
3994:
3987: 1340s
3953:
3933:
3924:
3909:Please help
3897:
3867:
3858:
3835:
3735:
3720:
3718:
3688:
3658:
3654:
3650:
3610:
3591:state church
3575:first martyr
3557:consists of
3551:patron saint
3547:Saint George
3545:
3490:
3461:
3446:
3411:missionaries
3384:
3375:Buenos Aires
3372:
3339:
3323:
3298:
3282:colonial era
3279:
3242:
3224:
3185:
3170:
3161:demographers
3150:
3113:
3105:
3094:New Zealand
2984:
2979:
2971:
2962:
2953:John Curtice
2951:
2947:Paul Johnson
2924:
2916:English flag
2908:
2899:
2863:
2840:
2820:intermarried
2812:
2793:
2777:Act of Union
2761:Act of Union
2754:
2731:
2659:
2657:
2644:
2628:King Stephen
2613:
2576:
2571:nation state
2552:
2532:
2528:
2520:
2516:
2512:
2508:
2504:
2500:
2496:
2494:
2482:
2463:
2428:
2419:
2408:
2393:
2369:Roman Empire
2362:
2350:Anglo-Saxons
2347:
2317:Anglo-Saxons
2284:
2280:
2276:
2272:
2268:
2264:
2233:
2210:
2183:
2160:
2154:
2143:
2141:
2116:
2114:
2106:
2093:
2084:white people
2065:
2053:
2013:
1981:Anglo-Saxons
1955:
1949:who invaded
1929:Anglo-Saxons
1909:ethnic group
1904:
1902:
1825:
1818:
1799:Coat of arms
1764:
1730:Gaelic games
1720:Rugby league
1486:Scottish art
1429:Christianity
1352:Victoria Day
1190:Ulster Scots
1111:British Jews
1088:
1082:
1081:
1044:
1024:
839:Coat of arms
790:Table tennis
760:Field hockey
681:Mummers play
676:Morris dance
483:
309:
188:Christianity
176:British Sign
144:South Africa
115:46.5 million
101:Significant
100:
70:Ethnic group
67:
45:
10628:Guernésiais
10473:Isle of Man
10358:Isle of Man
10305:Isle of Man
10205:Isle of Man
10090:Terminology
10002:Shetlanders
9997:Scots Gaels
9942:Hongkongers
9937:Guernésiais
9882:Anglo-Irish
9854:Anglosphere
9675:Rugby union
9507:Anglophilia
9450:Middle Ages
9255:Regency era
9247:Late Modern
9157:Middle Ages
9116:Prehistoric
8878:The English
8759:Ethnicities
8714:27 November
8640:18 December
8550:21 February
8480:21 February
8444:18 February
8412:18 February
8182:21 February
8056:2001 Census
8017:20 December
7981:30 November
7855:23 December
7825:18 December
7677:18 December
7148:10 February
6740:The English
6582:A. L. Rowse
6508:27 February
6415:21 February
6289:21 February
5718:21 February
5237:, pp.
5043:31 December
4616:51,770,560.
4573:14 December
4493:21 February
4425:Old English
4364:Anglo-Irish
4305:Old English
4227:Manx people
4207:English art
4136:Jane Austen
4083:Jane Austen
4009:Old English
3991:Middle Ages
3714:Old English
3678: 'ah'
3672: 'aa'
3637:Old English
3625:Palm Sunday
3602:Protestants
3599:Free church
3501:Charles III
3415:black sheep
3346:2018 census
3331:New Zealand
3327:1851 census
3310:New Zealand
3304:2016 census
3300:Australians
3216:Westmorland
3173:2000 census
3051:46,550,968
3023:Population
2882:British Raj
2870:slave trade
2816:assimilated
2486:Æthelred II
2476:signed the
2225:Corded Ware
2124:Great Power
1715:Rugby union
1481:English art
1434:No religion
1362:The Twelfth
1337:Good Friday
1212:Angloromani
1136:Other White
775:Lawn tennis
417:New Zealand
208:Protestants
194:, but also
192:Anglicanism
155:New Zealand
137:6.3 million
126:8.3 million
48:(TV series)
46:The English
10763:Categories
10638:Sercquiais
9907:Caymanians
9897:Bermudians
9887:Anguillans
9768:Tudor rose
9472:Parliament
8613:31 October
8507:31 October
7890:Demography
7577:21 October
7529:Kumar 2010
7514:9 February
7446:Kumar 2010
7431:9 February
7401:9 February
7254:Kumar 2003
7238:9 February
7208:9 February
7178:9 February
7118:Kumar 2003
7074:7 November
7035:9 February
7003:9 February
6970:29 October
6937:29 October
6538:30 October
5909:. London:
5751:2 February
5546:1502.02783
5447:Kumar 2003
5235:Kumar 2003
5223:Kumar 2003
5196:Englishman
5151:7 February
5057:Campbell.
4859:Nat Commun
4523:21 October
4457:References
4369:Anglo-Scot
4115:Lake Poets
4076:Ben Jonson
3845:improve it
3811:Literature
3706:Old French
3666: 'a'
3635:See also:
3579:Ipsos MORI
3513:Parliament
3487:, Somerset
3314:See also:
3208:Cumberland
3065:6,320,085
3037:8,385,928
3034:Australia
3026:% of pop.
2927:devolution
2920:Union flag
2803:See also:
2647:Old French
2190:Cro-Magnon
1995:and other
1972:, and the
1915:native to
1845:Tudor rose
1772:Stonehenge
1725:Ice hockey
1648:Television
1510:Literature
1382:Boxing Day
770:Lawn bowls
718:Newspapers
708:Television
629:Literature
501:Traditions
232:Irreligion
200:dissenters
10618:Auregnais
10254:Geography
9977:Orcadians
9692:Wimbledon
9537:Education
9389:Districts
9372:Geography
9270:The Blitz
9227:Civil War
9141:Heptarchy
9070:Education
9053:Overviews
8780:145498328
8401:The Times
8350:8 January
8141:21 August
8114:Canadian.
8070:8 January
7797:21 August
7736:, p. 10.
7482:153712090
7137:The Times
6767:21 August
6659:21 August
6649:– History
6112:21 August
5571:0028-0836
5180:26 August
5011:0003-598X
4988:Antiquity
4810:: 10408.
4703:"English"
4640:5 January
4462:Citations
4337:Diaspora:
4283:Language:
4264:Channel 4
3898:does not
3849:verifying
3805:diplomacy
3561:. Before
3559:his cross
3387:Argentina
3379:Argentina
3352:Argentina
3292:than the
3251:Australia
3226:Americans
3166:Americans
3145:ancestors
3078:Scotland
2986:Newsnight
2855:Huguenots
2845:declared
2843:Louis XIV
2579:Æthelstan
2559:heptarchy
2417:sources.
2415:Brittonic
2128:Bonar Law
2115:When the
1934:Angelcynn
1827:In Defens
1814:Britannia
1743:Monuments
1496:Irish art
1491:Welsh art
1319:Festivals
1231:Mythology
1150:Languages
804:Monuments
745:Badminton
723:Magazines
556:Festivals
535:Mythology
491:Languages
412:Nicaragua
397:Argentina
392:Australia
166:Languages
122:Australia
18:Englander
10734:Scottish
10633:Jèrriais
10549:Germanic
10463:Guernsey
10451:Scotland
10373:Scotland
10320:Shetland
10283:Hebrides
10171:Scotland
10136:Politics
10125:Hibernia
9952:Jersiais
9796:Category
9741:Oak tree
9736:Heraldry
9641:Football
9594:Religion
9557:Identity
9542:Folklore
9467:Monarchy
9433:Politics
9404:Parishes
9384:Counties
9085:Military
9080:Maritime
9060:Timeline
8955:Diaspora
8926:(2008).
8914:9 August
8908:Archived
8876:(1999).
8824:(2003).
8634:Archived
8570:Archived
8544:Archived
8438:Archived
8344:Archived
8324:27 March
8315:Archived
8261:27 March
8255:Archived
8200:Archived
8176:Archived
8135:Archived
8035:Archived
8008:Archived
7972:Archived
7944:Archived
7873:Archived
7819:Archived
7788:Archived
7756:Archived
7738:Archived
7719:Archived
7700:Archived
7671:Archived
7639:Archived
7620:Archived
7598:Archived
7508:Archived
7504:BBC News
7425:Archived
7311:16 April
7305:Archived
7284:16 April
7275:Archived
7232:Archived
7228:BBC News
7202:Archived
7198:BBC News
7172:Archived
7168:BBC News
7029:Archived
6997:Archived
6964:Archived
6931:Archived
6878:Archived
6834:Archived
6804:Archived
6695:Archived
6653:Archived
6557:Archived
6532:Archived
6465:Archived
6453:Archived
6409:Archived
6379:Archived
6336:Archived
6280:Archived
6242:Archived
6214:Archived
6130:Archived
6106:Archived
6075:Archived
6055:Archived
6039:36131019
5944:Archived
5881:Archived
5852:Archived
5848:12082121
5805:27535931
5774:Genetics
5745:Archived
5740:BBC News
5712:Archived
5694:18758442
5589:25731166
5430:" (37%).
5407:Archived
5145:Archived
5019:52266574
4939:Archived
4918:26783717
4842:26783965
4782:25788095
4711:Archived
4677:Archived
4663:ABC-CLIO
4634:Stats NZ
4608:Archived
4567:Archived
4487:Archived
4154:See also
4113:and the
3801:aviation
3785:business
3745:Cornwall
3631:Language
3542:in 2010.
3470:Religion
3427:football
3403:commerce
3177:ancestry
3081:459,486
3020:Country
2757:Scotland
2705:Scotland
2652:Edward I
2632:Henry II
2529:-thwaite
2401:Cornwall
2374:Aballava
2354:Germanic
2148:(1999),
2100:'English
2057:devolved
2030:and the
1997:Norsemen
1943:ethnonym
1941:. Their
1809:Monarchy
1454:Buddhism
1444:Hinduism
1421:Religion
1332:Hogmanay
1285:Scottish
1248:Scotland
1235:folklore
1168:Scotland
1050:Scottish
1035:Germanic
912:a series
910:Part of
765:Football
615:Religion
584:Lady Day
539:folklore
407:Paraguay
374:Diaspora
361:Religion
340:Language
182:Religion
10699:English
10694:Cornish
10689:British
10610:Romance
10580:Cornish
10557:English
10534:Society
10441:England
10431:Ireland
10415:Ireland
10399:outline
10394:History
10368:England
10348:Ireland
10300:Ireland
10161:England
10152:Ireland
10115:Britain
10110:Prydain
9922:English
9917:Cornish
9787:Outline
9706:Symbols
9629:Cricket
9577:Museums
9527:Cuisine
9517:Castles
9486:Culture
9445:Economy
9414:Regions
9399:Islands
9394:Gardens
9341:Related
9126:Lloegyr
9109:Ancient
9045:History
9036:England
8726:Sources
7551:27 July
7358:Publius
6701:23 June
6030:9534755
6009:Bibcode
5937:(2016)
5796:5068857
5685:2735096
5664:Bibcode
5631:Science
5580:5048219
5551:Bibcode
5461:(1965,
5117:, p. 67
5061:. p. 10
4909:4735653
4888:Bibcode
4833:4735688
4812:Bibcode
4773:4632200
4752:Bibcode
4736:2015).
4429:Æþelræd
4013:Beowulf
3919:removed
3904:sources
3843:Please
3789:science
3753:Cumbria
3749:Cumbric
3737:Cornish
3452:Culture
3407:whalers
3399:banking
3340:In the
3335:English
3243:In the
3151:In the
3062:Canada
2748:became
2738:annexed
2721:Ireland
2694:England
2666:hundred
2595:Normans
2444:Danelaw
2440:Vikings
2423:Wergild
2255:Incipit
2217:Yamnaya
2111:wrote,
2020:British
2005:Normans
1951:Britain
1917:England
1907:are an
1840:Thistle
1786:Symbols
1449:Judaism
1372:Samhain
1347:May Day
1295:Cornish
1280:English
1272:Cuisine
1243:England
1207:Cornish
1178:Ireland
1163:England
1158:English
1065:Cornish
1045:English
1040:British
941:History
826:Symbols
780:Netball
755:Croquet
750:Cricket
604:Whitsun
589:May Day
546:Cuisine
477:History
347:Cuisine
326:Culture
228:Judaism
210:; also
172:English
159:210,915
89:England
55:England
10682:People
10669:Shelta
10623:French
10572:Celtic
10468:Jersey
10315:Orkney
10200:Jersey
10100:Albion
9801:Portal
9714:Anthem
9582:People
9409:Places
8974:
8942:
8888:
8836:
8810:
8778:
8668:
8290:
8247:
8098:
7480:
7101:
6859:
6726:
6691:Iol.ie
6592:
6436:
6388:7 June
6342:7 June
6220:7 June
6153:
6127:celtpn
6037:
6027:
6000:Nature
5978:Nature
5967:(2018)
5935:et al.
5917:
5890:7 June
5858:7 June
5846:
5803:
5793:
5692:
5682:
5655:Nature
5587:
5577:
5569:
5532:Nature
5487:
5350:
5113:
5017:
5009:
4916:
4906:
4840:
4830:
4780:
4770:
4743:Nature
4717:8 July
4683:6 July
4669:
4600:
4260:
4249:
4033:French
3803:, and
3797:sports
3682:
3676:
3670:
3664:
3657:, and
3617:Easter
3569:; and
3419:cattle
3233:Canada
2967:YouGov
2874:Indian
2836:Russia
2832:Jewish
2767:. The
2623:Norman
2567:Wessex
2563:Mercia
2523:, are
2519:, and
2466:Danish
2405:Gildas
2376:, now
2331:, and
2136:Scotch
2074:, the
2026:, the
1970:Romans
1960:, and
1958:Saxons
1939:Angles
1913:nation
1653:Cinema
1407:VE Day
1030:Celtic
1019:People
1003:Brexit
914:on the
713:Cinema
484:People
387:Canada
368:People
251:other
161:(2018)
150:(2011)
139:(2016)
133:Canada
128:(2021)
117:(2020)
95:(2011)
43:, and
10744:Welsh
10709:Irish
10647:Other
10600:Welsh
10590:Irish
10562:Scots
10456:Wales
10378:Wales
10293:Outer
10288:Inner
10176:Wales
10105:Cymru
10085:Names
10032:Welsh
9992:Scots
9724:Flags
9621:Sport
9419:Towns
8884:Ltd.
8787:(PDF)
8776:S2CID
8754:(PDF)
8607:(PDF)
8596:(PDF)
8576:9 May
8474:(PDF)
8463:(PDF)
8318:(PDF)
8311:(PDF)
8109:(PDF)
8092:(PDF)
8011:(PDF)
8000:(PDF)
7975:(PDF)
7964:(PDF)
7791:(PDF)
7780:(PDF)
7478:S2CID
7395:(PDF)
7388:(PDF)
7278:(PDF)
7271:(PDF)
7068:(PDF)
7057:(PDF)
6382:(PDF)
6375:(PDF)
6283:(PDF)
6276:(PDF)
5884:(PDF)
5877:(PDF)
5541:arXiv
5428:Mixed
5015:S2CID
4966:8 May
4611:(PDF)
4594:(PDF)
4427:form
4411:Notes
4029:Latin
3710:Latin
3659:dance
3655:grass
3437:Chile
3423:wheat
3290:south
3068:18.3
3059:2016
3054:19.8
3045:2020
3040:33.0
3031:2021
3017:Year
2890:Asian
2886:Black
2866:black
2859:Irish
2734:Wales
2513:knife
2497:anger
1993:Danes
1962:Jutes
1667:Sport
1643:Radio
1635:Media
1557:Music
1439:Islam
1290:Welsh
1253:Wales
1202:Welsh
1185:Scots
1173:Wales
1072:Irish
1055:Welsh
785:Rugby
737:Sport
703:Radio
695:Media
639:Music
402:Chile
354:Dance
333:Music
263:Irish
222:(see
220:Islam
214:(see
202:(see
93:Wales
10724:Manx
10719:Kale
10595:Manx
10120:Éire
10095:Alba
9957:Manx
9587:list
9547:Fête
8972:ISBN
8940:ISBN
8916:2015
8886:ISBN
8834:ISBN
8808:ISBN
8716:2010
8666:ISBN
8642:2019
8615:2018
8578:2012
8552:2022
8509:2018
8482:2022
8446:2015
8414:2015
8352:2008
8326:2020
8288:ISBN
8263:2020
8245:ISBN
8184:2022
8143:2017
8096:ISBN
8072:2009
8019:2017
7983:2012
7857:2023
7827:2019
7799:2017
7679:2019
7579:2023
7553:2022
7516:2011
7433:2011
7403:2011
7313:2018
7286:2018
7240:2011
7210:2011
7180:2011
7150:2011
7099:ISBN
7076:2014
7037:2011
7005:2011
6972:2021
6939:2021
6913:2010
6857:ISBN
6769:2017
6746:1998
6724:ISBN
6703:2006
6661:2017
6590:ISBN
6566:h2g2
6540:2006
6510:2024
6434:ISBN
6417:2022
6390:2020
6344:2020
6291:2022
6222:2020
6151:ISBN
6114:2017
6035:PMID
5915:ISBN
5892:2020
5860:2020
5844:PMID
5801:PMID
5753:2019
5720:2022
5690:PMID
5585:PMID
5567:ISSN
5485:ISBN
5348:ISBN
5239:1–18
5182:2010
5153:2022
5111:ISBN
5045:2023
5007:ISSN
4968:2022
4914:PMID
4838:PMID
4778:PMID
4719:2011
4685:2021
4667:ISBN
4642:2021
4598:ISBN
4575:2019
4525:2023
4495:2022
4146:and
4074:and
4050:The
4031:and
4023:and
3902:any
3900:cite
3739:, a
3708:and
3651:bath
3639:and
3604:and
3491:The
3421:and
3401:and
3342:2013
3318:and
3268:and
3214:and
3198:and
3188:1980
3181:1990
3100:4.5
3090:2018
3084:8.7
3074:2011
2933:and
2888:and
2880:and
2818:and
2807:and
2736:was
2614:The
2565:and
2547:and
2531:and
2521:they
2517:take
2501:ball
2490:Cnut
2442:and
2253:The
1923:, a
1911:and
1903:The
1794:Flag
1233:and
1077:Manx
834:Flag
641:and
537:and
514:Fête
198:and
91:and
9512:Art
8904:BBC
8862:doi
8768:doi
8703:BBC
8433:BBC
7696:PDF
7470:doi
7421:BBC
7366:doi
6718:by
6674:OED
6647:BBC
6606:OED
6570:BBC
6564:by
6528:BBC
6025:PMC
6017:doi
6005:610
5952:doi
5834:doi
5791:PMC
5783:doi
5779:204
5680:PMC
5672:doi
5660:456
5575:PMC
5559:doi
5537:522
5257:BBC
5087:doi
5083:115
4997:doi
4904:PMC
4896:doi
4863:doi
4828:PMC
4820:doi
4768:PMC
4760:doi
4748:519
4122:BBC
3913:by
3847:by
3783:of
3777:BBC
3755:in
3186:In
2982:BBC
2963:and
2826:'s
2533:-by
2509:got
2505:egg
2159:in
1991:of
1473:Art
622:Art
524:Pub
292:,
288:,
284:,
280:,
276:,
226:);
218:);
10765::
8970:.
8966:.
8938:.
8934:.
8902:.
8880:.
8858:16
8856:.
8832:.
8828:.
8806:.
8802:.
8774:.
8762:.
8756:.
8736:.
8700:.
8632:.
8598:.
8465:.
8430:.
8398:.
8373:.
8313:.
8253:.
8229:^
8168:.
8129:.
8058:.
8054:.
8006:.
8002:.
7966:.
7847:.
7786:.
7782:.
7762:,
7669:.
7665:.
7609:^
7587:^
7569:.
7544:.
7506:.
7502:.
7498:.
7476:.
7464:.
7419:.
7362:36
7360:.
7341:.
7226:.
7196:.
7166:.
7134:.
7093:.
7059:.
7021:.
6991:.
6980:^
6962:.
6956:.
6897:.
6822:^
6742:,
6693:.
6689:.
6651:.
6644:.
6622:.
6584:,
6568:,
6530:.
6526:.
6501:.
6483:,
6407:.
6377:.
6334:.
6278:.
6237:.
6212:.
6206:.
6100:.
6033:.
6023:.
6015:.
6003:.
5997:.
5913:.
5879:.
5850:.
5842:.
5830:19
5828:.
5822:.
5799:.
5789:.
5777:.
5771:.
5743:.
5737:.
5688:.
5678:.
5670:.
5658:.
5652:.
5639:^
5629:.
5606:.
5583:.
5573:.
5565:.
5557:.
5549:.
5535:.
5529:.
5516:^
5483:.
5479:.
5379:.
5342:.
5315:.
5278:.
5254:.
5155:.
5143:.
5081:.
5075:.
5035:.
5013:.
5005:.
4993:90
4991:.
4985:.
4958:.
4912:.
4902:.
4894:.
4882:.
4878:.
4850:^
4836:.
4826:.
4818:.
4806:.
4800:.
4776:.
4766:.
4758:.
4746:.
4740:.
4727:^
4705:.
4675:.
4665:.
4661:.
4632:.
4621:^
4606:.
4559:.
4541:.
4515:.
4497:.
4481:.
4477:.
4142:,
4138:,
4134:,
4117:.
4109:,
4105:,
4101:,
4097:,
4093:,
4089:,
4085:,
4078:.
4070:,
4066:,
4062:,
4058:,
4043:;
4019:,
3984:c.
3982:;
3975:ər
3969:ɔː
3966:tʃ
3807:.
3799:,
3795:,
3791:,
3787:,
3661::
3653:,
3433:.
3409:,
3393:,
3296:.
3210:,
3206:,
3111:.
2884:.
2634:,
2515:,
2511:,
2507:,
2503:,
2499:,
2454:c.
2327:,
2323:,
2319:,
230:,
174:,
105:in
39:,
35:,
10401:)
10397:(
10178:)
10159:(
10066:e
10059:t
10052:v
9948:)
9944:(
9835:e
9828:t
9821:v
9028:e
9021:t
9014:v
8980:.
8948:.
8918:.
8894:.
8868:.
8864::
8842:.
8816:.
8770::
8764:6
8718:.
8687:.
8674:.
8644:.
8617:.
8582:.
8580:.
8554:.
8529:.
8513:.
8511:.
8484:.
8448:.
8416:.
8354:.
8328:.
8296:.
8269:.
8186:.
8145:.
8074:.
8021:.
7985:.
7859:.
7833:.
7801:.
7694:(
7681:.
7659:(
7581:.
7555:.
7518:.
7484:.
7472::
7466:4
7435:.
7405:.
7372:.
7368::
7345:.
7315:.
7288:.
7242:.
7212:.
7182:.
7152:.
7107:.
7078:.
7039:.
7007:.
6974:.
6941:.
6915:.
6771:.
6730:.
6705:.
6663:.
6542:.
6512:.
6419:.
6392:.
6346:.
6293:.
6224:.
6157:.
6116:.
6041:.
6019::
6011::
5954::
5923:.
5894:.
5836::
5807:.
5785::
5755:.
5722:.
5696:.
5674::
5666::
5633:.
5591:.
5561::
5553::
5543::
5510:.
5493:.
5426:"
5364:.
5301:.
5241:.
5184:.
5095:.
5089::
5047:.
5021:.
4999::
4970:.
4920:.
4898::
4890::
4884:7
4865::
4844:.
4822::
4814::
4808:7
4784:.
4762::
4754::
4721:.
4691:.
4644:.
4577:.
4545:.
4527:.
4431:.
4262:(
3999:.
3978:/
3972:s
3963:ˈ
3960:/
3956:(
3940:)
3934:(
3929:)
3925:(
3921:.
3907:.
3874:)
3868:(
3863:)
3859:(
3841:.
3147:.
2723:)
2719:(
2707:)
2703:(
2696:)
2692:(
2610:)
2301:.
2138:.
2102:'
1892:e
1885:t
1878:v
1836:"
1832:"
896:e
889:t
882:v
444:e
437:t
430:v
238:)
64:.
57:.
50:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.