77:
139:
241:
36:
487:
Before the increased standardization of the
English language in the modern period, many new words entered its lexicon in exactly the way just described. A 15th century English cook may once have said something like: "Ah, I found this ewt and this nadder in my napron while baking numble-pie." A few
430:
and loan phrases in which the recipient language's speakers at the time of the word's introduction did not realize an article to be already present (e.g. numerous Arabic-derived words beginning 'al-' ('the'), including "algorithm", "alcohol", "alchemy", etc.). Especially in the case of loan phrases,
383:
Rebracketing often focuses on highly probable word boundaries: "a noodle" might become "an oodle", since "an oodle" sounds just as grammatically correct as "a noodle", and likewise "an eagle" might become "a neagle", but "the bowl" would not become "th ebowl" and "a kite" would not become "ak ite".
2555:
Junctural metanalysis played a role in the development of new words in the earliest period of Greek literature: during the oral transmission of the
Homeric epics. Many words in the Homeric epics that are etymologically inexplicable through normal linguistic analysis begin to make some sense when
564:
may also have played a part. Through the process of prothesis, in which the sound at the end of a word is transferred to the beginning of the word following, or conversely aphaeresis, in which the sound at the beginning of a word is transferred to the end of the word preceding, old words were
1197:
over time. Over time, the last syllable of the article was either eroded completely or weakened and partially lost, but where rebracketing had occurred, what had been the final consonant of the article came to be treated as the initial of the following noun. Example:
444:
As a statistical change within a language within any century, rebracketing is a very weak statistical phenomenon. Even during phonetic template shifts, it is at best only probable that 0.1% of the vocabulary may be rebracketed in any given century.
488:
generations later the cook's descendant would have said: "Ah, I found this newt and this adder in my apron while baking (h)umble-pie." Over the course of time these words were misheard and resegmented:
1181:. This union has provided a rich source of opportunities for rebracketing. Historically the article's various case-, number-, and gender-specific forms ended in either a vowel, a nasal or an
520:. The force behind these particular resegmentations, and by far the most powerful force behind any such resegmentations in the English language, was the "movable-n" of the indefinite article
1242:
consonants where they were either trapped between two vowels, or else between a vowel or certain other consonants. Mutation gave rise to yet more possibilities for reanalysis, the form
422:
may be specially deployed to refer to the case of an article and a noun fusing (such as if "the jar" were to become "(the) thejar" or "an apple" were to become "(an) anapple"). Loss of
2856:
758:
was a resident, or something related to the town; after refactorization it becomes a chunk of meat for a sandwich, although a hamburger does not contain ham.
2880:(Leiden: Brill, 2009) 15-26. Also Reece, Steve, "Some Homeric Etymologies in the Light of Oral-Formulaic Theory," Classical World 93.2 (1999) 185-199.
1307:, formed by combining "an other" into one word, is sometimes colloquially split into "a nother" and a qualifier inserted as in "a whole nother issue".
1096:
Many words coined in a scientific context as neologisms are formed with suffixes arising from rebracketing existing terms. One example is the suffix
2567:
Juncture loss is common in later Greek as well, especially in place names, or in borrowings of Greek names in
Italian and Turkish, where particles (
415:, in particular is often reserved for the case where two words mix but still remain two words (as in the "noodle" and "eagle" examples above).
3159:
C. Desimoni, V. Belgrano, eds., "Atlante
Idrografico del Medio Evo posseduto dal Prof. Tammar Luxoro, Pubblicata a Fac-Simile ed Annotato",
391:
for larger sentences, but it is normally restricted to morphological processes at the sublexical level, i.e. within the particular word or
2564:. Steve Reece has discovered several dozen similar instances of metanalysis in Homer, thereby shedding new light on their etymologies.
3082:
2881:
1260:
As demonstrated in the examples above, the primary reason of juncture loss in
English is the confusion between "a" and "an". In
1771:
Dutch shares several examples with
English, but also has some of its own. Many examples were created by reanalysing an initial
3070:
2925:
403:. Rebracketing is the process of seeing the same word as a different morphological decomposition, especially where the new
203:
175:
2953:
2909:
302:
284:
222:
120:
98:
63:
1272:
scholars it was hard to tell where one began and another ended. The results include the following words in
English:
266:
182:
91:
3293:
17:
387:
Technically, bracketing is the process of breaking an utterance into its constituent parts. The term is akin to
3288:
251:
160:
189:
156:
49:
1184:
597:. Many other words in the English language owe their existence to just this type of resegmentation: e.g.,
2999:
2978:
1192:
171:
3188:
1227:
363:
1246:
mentioned earlier possibly being one such example. Calder 'A Gaelic
Grammar' (1923) has a useful list.
1190:
1182:
3131:
Marek
Stachowski, Robert Woodhouse, "The Etymology of İstanbul: Making Optimal Use of the Evidence"
2872:
For examples of resegmentation in Middle
English in various phonetic environments, see Steve Reece,
2158:
1884:
795:
has led to both a different pronunciation than the one to be expected for such a loanword (compare
377:
85:
2776:
262:
149:
2882:
https://www.academia.edu/30641357/Some_Homeric_Etymologies_in_the_Light_of_Oral-Formulaic_Theory
863:
1645:
1637:
327:
102:
3196:
3168:
2607:
2852:
2791:
2611:
2173:
1436:
1139:
3235:
Homer's Winged Words: The Evolution of Early Greek Epic Diction in the Light of Oral Theory
3063:
Homer's Winged Words: The Evolution of Early Greek Epic Diction in the Light of Oral Theory
787:
and a meaning of "beyondness" (from what is acceptable). The rebracketing as a compound of
906:
837:
196:
8:
2826:
2417:
1855:
1101:
399:
is conventionally bracketed as ], and the bracketing +ful] leads to completely different
969:
963:
873:
855:
806:
3298:
3283:
3114:
2860:
2811:
1349:, later influenced by "chord" (archaic name for a string), which has another etymology.
911:
894:
3077:
Also, Reece, Steve, "Some Homeric Etymologies in the Light of Oral-Formulaic Theory,"
2940:
Pierre, Alexandre (1983). "Langue arabe et kiswahili" [Arabic and Kiswahili].
2556:
junctural metanalysis at some stage in the transmission is assumed: e.g., the formula
1520:: Seventeenth-century English loanword from French, developed there via earlier forms
1304:
935:
716:
258:
3066:
2949:
2905:
2898:
1265:
55:
1177:
is pronounced run together with vowel-initial nouns without audible gap, similar to
3143:
3139:
3106:
2066:
1174:
1133:
1051:
941:
797:
763:
2509:
1860:
1844:
1625:
1231:
1178:
1170:
1084:
449:
2948:] (in French). Conseil international de la langue française. pp. 9–10.
957:
2893:
2786:
2574:
2305:
2048:
Perhaps the most common case of juncture loss in English comes from the Arabic
1958:
1383:, was reanalyzed and split, in the process of being transferred to English, as
1269:
811:
431:
juncture loss may be recognized as substandard even when widespread; e.g. "the
373:
826:
3277:
1628:
similar confusion arose between "le/la" and "l'-" as well as "de" and "d'-".
1338:
1324:
773:
733:
2973:
1488:
830:
3174:
2831:
2640:
2377:
1674:
1276:
927:
779:
453:
368:
2994:
2960:
ainsi kitabu كتاب "livre" est interprété /ki-tabu/ avec pluriel /vi-tabu/.
2286:
951:
746:
being a form of meat). This led to the creation of the independent suffix
3261:
Funk & Wagnalls Practical Standard Dictionary of the English Language
1261:
1226:. In addition, many forms of the article cause grammatically conditioned
1590:
3014:
2821:
2806:
2433:
2052:(mentioned above), mostly via Spanish, Portuguese, and Medieval Latin:
1872:
1651:
1420:
1239:
619:
433:
3118:
801:) and an additional meaning of "angry reaction" not present in French.
2816:
2731:
2463:
2386:
2328:
2011:
1847:
the confusion is generally with non-Arabic words beginning in "al-" (
404:
400:
336:
3049:
1442:
1394:
1163:
269:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.
138:
3110:
2801:
2542:
in Old French as alcohol (modern French alcool), and in English as
2532:
2498:
2412:
2259:
1517:
1474:
1235:
1214:. As a second, more extreme example, the Scottish Gaelic words for
1105:
768:
685:
Many productive affixes have been created by rebracketing, such as
427:
423:
331:
3208:
2745:
2736:
2723:
1367:
means cage. An alternative theory is that the Dutch compound noun
1230:
of the following noun. The original cause of this mutation in the
976:
In Romance languages, repeated rebracketing can change an initial
3254:
The American Heritage dictionary of the English language.—4th ed.
2796:
2781:
2401:
2369:
2313:
2129:
2074:
725:
721:
388:
342:
2740:
2692:
2660:
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2448:
2274:
2216:
2200:
1934:
1912:
1787:
1723:
1604:
1290:
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392:
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is broken down or bracketed into a different set. For example,
3083:
Some Homeric Etymologies in the Light of Oral-Formulaic Theory
1544:("blade"), perhaps because of the thin shape of the omelette (
2760:
2699:
2683:
2674:
2482:
2343:
2188:
2089:
1973:
1783:
1503:
1352:
1310:
1089:
750:: chickenburger, fishburger, etc. In the original etymology,
2560:"sweet sleep held (him)" appears to be a resegmentation of
2517:
2138:
2120:
1658:
1584:
1545:
1456:
460:
3247:
The Tormont Webster's Illustrated Encyclopedic Dictionary
2857:
Language Contact and Lexical Enrichment in Israeli Hebrew
2631:
1698:, a change found in some Romance languages (e.g. Italian
771:
from French, where it was formed by combining the adverb
742:
3097:
Bourne, Edward G. (1887). "The Derivation of Stamboul".
1071:). However, the word is split as a native Swahili word (
2615:
2568:
1977:
1948:
1938:
1563:("nothing"), of complex and convergent etymology, from
1154:, is occasionally suggested as being a rebracketing of
565:
resegmented and new words formed. So through prothesis
1575:("anything", "worthy", etc.), itself ultimately from
955:. Words for other addictions have formed by treating
532:, and of the old dative case of the definite article
1166:
asserting a derivation from other, similar coinages.
720:
were in a form of ground meat dish originating from
163:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2897:
3096:
2900:The Power of Babel: A natural history of language
674:
3275:
3105:(1). The Johns Hopkins University Press: 78–82.
330:where a word originally derived from one set of
2581:prefix was also found in common nouns, such as
1775:as part of a preceding article or case ending.
926:suffix in other Poodle crossbreeds such as the
2892:
2215:, "randomness", and in French and English as "
1250:
1037:(a unicorn), and finally, with juncture loss,
945:(itself a junctureless rebracketing of Arabic
701:, and so on. These unetymological affixes are
3092:
3090:
2237:
2043:
1740:itself comes from rebracketing of Old French
2927:Romance Languages: A Historical Introduction
1994:
1066:
999:by rebracketing from the indefinite article
482:
3268:American Dictionary of the English Language
3249:. Boston: Tormont Publications, Inc., 1982.
3228:QPB Encyclopedia of Word and Phrase Origins
2573:) are fused with the original name. In the
1355:: Most commonly thought to stem from Dutch
64:Learn how and when to remove these messages
3161:Atti della Società Ligure di Storia Patria
3087:
1136:) is based on the Semitic triliteral root
1014:in Portuguese, Romanian, and Spanish, and
3184:
3182:
3155:
3153:
3151:
821:("wing"), has been rebracketed to modern
303:Learn how and when to remove this message
285:Learn how and when to remove this message
223:Learn how and when to remove this message
121:Learn how and when to remove this message
3263:New York: Funk & Wagnalls Co., 1931.
2874:Junctural Metanalysis in Middle English,
1902:; this too is an example of metathesis).
1811:spijt "pity, regret": From Middle Dutch
988:by analyzing it as the definite article
407:becomes the conventional norm. The name
376:, or may seem to be the result of valid
84:This article includes a list of general
3029:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2013
1559:. Ultimately distinct from Old English
560:(and), and the inflectional endings in
448:Rebracketing is part of the process of
14:
3276:
3256:New York: Houghton Mifflin Co., 2000.
3230:. New York: Facts on File, Inc., 1998.
3179:
3148:
2939:
2421:, which see for the change of meaning.
732:, but after its introduction into the
3060:
1003:), or the reverse. Examples include:
728:. The bracketing of the original was
426:is especially common in the cases of
1990:) in Italian, then to Cattaro/Kotor.
1108:. Its origin is the rebracketing of
234:
161:adding citations to reliable sources
132:
70:
29:
2604:Prefix "stan" < στήν 'at', 'to'
1206:) gave rise to an alternative form
1079:) and declined accordingly (plural
1067:
777:(meaning "beyond") with the suffix
459:Rebracketing is sometimes used for
456:that facilitate the new etymology.
452:, and often operates together with
24:
3237:. Leiden and Boston: Brill, 2009.
3007:
2992:
2971:
2942:Langue arabe et langues africaines
2620:" , 'in the city' or 'to the city'
1858:has been interpreted in Arabic as
1491:: Middle English, for old English
90:it lacks sufficient corresponding
25:
3310:
2294:
2230:"chess bishop" and in Italian as
1808:omelet "omelette": As in English.
1732:("unicorn") from rebracketing of
1673:), now more often applied to the
1593:: Middle English (now dialectal)
1481:("an additional name") taken for
1210:(the girl) this in turn becoming
45:This article has multiple issues.
27:Process in historical linguistics
3027:Oxford English Dictionary online
2720:Prefix 'is' < εις 'at', 'to'
1391:is the Dutch indefinite article.
871:, which arose by misdivision of
573:. Conversely through aphaeresis
475:can be rebracketed jocularly as
467:can be rebracketed jocularly as
239:
137:
75:
34:
3270:. New Haven: S. Converse, 1828.
3201:
3193:Travels and Researches in Crete
3133:Studia Etymologica Cracoviensia
3125:
3054:
2924:Ti Alkire, Carol Rosen (2010).
2226:("the elephant") in Spanish as
1805:avegaar "auger": As in English.
1571:("living thing, man"), but cf.
1189:, the latter later becoming an
148:needs additional citations for
53:or discuss these issues on the
3144:10.4467/20843836SE.15.015.2801
3043:
2986:
2965:
2933:
2918:
2886:
2866:
2845:
1264:, words were often written so
1083:). This violates the original
675:Creation of productive affixes
552:, the conditional conjunction
13:
1:
3217:
3099:American Journal of Philology
2550:
2284:("the bridge") in Spanish as
1883:; this is also an example of
1830:"at the Isle", reanalyzed as
1435:, this is also an example of
1375:, meaning "duck decoy", from
1297:("a buttock bone") taken for
1255:
524:, of the possessive pronouns
366:morpheme in coinages such as
3065:. Leiden and Boston: Brill.
2946:Arabic and African languages
1838:
1710:), a putative proto-Romance
1619:
1363:is the definite article and
1220:neanntag, eanntag, deanntag,
1128:is the definite article and
885:. The word comes from Greek
783:, rendering a bracketing of
736:, it was soon factorized as
350:, has been rebracketed into
7:
3000:Online Etymology Dictionary
2979:Online Etymology Dictionary
2769:
2211:("the dice") in Spanish as
1927:
1826:Rijsel "Lille" : from
1790:): From early modern Dutch
1766:
1536:("the omelette") taken for
1251:Examples of false splitting
708:
265:the claims made and adding
10:
3315:
3189:Thomas Abel Brimage Spratt
2616:
2569:
2055:
1978:
1949:
1939:
1919:(and thus medieval Arabic
1502:nuncle (dialectal form of
1228:initial consonant mutation
918:) has been rebracketed to
678:
372:. It is usually a form of
2726:from Media, with earlier
2647:Prefix "s-" < σε 'at'
2246:) also means "elephant").
2238:
1995:Examples of juncture loss
1961:connecting it to Italian
1694:from Greek-derived Latin
1670:
1058:("book") is derived from
483:Role in forming new words
2838:
2470:
1986:splitting to De Catera (
1754:("ivy") from Old French
1684:('an orange') taken for
1555:("a nothing") taken for
1540:; ultimately from Latin
1234:was an across-the-board
1162:, but see discussion at
1120:derives from the Arabic
1087:of the original Arabic (
714:The origins of the word
667:, through aphaeresis of
395:. For example, the word
3039:(subscription required)
2667:from "se" and "Amisos")
2415:) in Medieval Latin as
1819:"spite". Reanalysed as
1551:ought : Middle English
1431:(ultimately from Latin
1236:change of pronunciation
1203:
105:more precise citations.
3294:Historical linguistics
1851:is Arabic for "the").
1665:, thus giving rise to
1283:("a snake") taken for
1243:
1223:
1219:
1211:
1207:
1199:
968:
962:
956:
950:
940:
934:
905:
872:
862:
854:
849:) has been split into
836:
805:
796:
791:with the noun or verb
778:
772:
762:
715:
463:purposes, for example
362:was later reused as a
328:historical linguistics
3289:Linguistic morphology
3226:Hendrickson, Robert.
3195:, 1865, chapter XIX,
3081:93.2 (1999) 185-199.
3061:Reece, Steve (2009).
2650:Satines for Athines (
2458:in Medieval Latin as
2443:in Medieval Latin as
2428:in Medieval Latin as
2396:in Medieval Latin as
2381:in Medieval Latin as
2364:in Medieval Latin as
2353:in Medieval Latin as
2338:in Medieval Latin as
2323:in Medieval Latin as
1779:adder: As in English.
1413:= "nest")) taken for
631:through prothesis of
556:, the shortened form
477:to get her in trouble
3259:Vizetelly, Frank H.
3207:Detailed history at
2904:. Harper Perennial.
2878:Homer's Winged Words
2608:Istanbul or Stamboul
2236:(whose Russian name
2204:, a unit of measure.
1758:, a rebracketing of
1449:(all one) taken for
1345:(harmony) taken for
984:(first removing the
889:("in front of") and
867:contains the prefix
157:improve this article
3252:Pickett, Joseph P.
3245:DeVinne, Pamela B.
2853:Zuckermann, Ghil'ad
2763:for earlier Avarino
2570:εις, στην, στον, σε
2562:echen edumos hypnos
2558:eche nedumos hypnos
1947:), rebracketing of
1856:Alexander the Great
1041:(the unicorn) >
1025:("unicorn") became
1010:("level") becoming
910:(a cross between a
544:, the prepositions
473:together in trouble
2861:Palgrave Macmillan
2812:Scunthorpe problem
2639:for the island of
2630:for the island of
1815:, from Old French
1506:): Middle English
1371:, earlier spelled
995:, and then adding
912:Labrador Retriever
340:, originally from
326:) is a process in
250:possibly contains
3138:: 221–245 (2015)
3072:978-90-04-17441-2
2993:Harper, Douglas.
2972:Harper, Douglas.
2876:in Reece, Steve,
1798:"fool, jester" +
1607:: Middle English
1477:: Middle English
1459:: Middle English
1445:: Middle English
1423:: Middle English
1397:: Middle English
1341:: Middle English
1327:: Middle English
1313:: Middle English
1293:: Middle English
1279:: Middle English
930:and Aussiedoodle.
922:, leading to the
761:The English word
469:Psycho the rapist
313:
312:
305:
295:
294:
287:
252:original research
233:
232:
225:
207:
131:
130:
123:
68:
16:(Redirected from
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2922:
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2849:
2695:(Greek Amastris)
2619:
2618:
2572:
2571:
2241:
2240:
2044:From Arabic "al"
1981:
1980:
1952:
1951:
1942:
1941:
1864:; by extension:
1792:een (n)arreslede
1672:
1669:(hence English:
1405:from Late Latin
1232:Celtic languages
1204:*(s)indā inigenā
1196:
1188:
1175:definite article
1142:
1070:
1069:
993:
817:("turning") and
308:
301:
290:
283:
279:
276:
270:
267:inline citations
243:
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119:
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101:this article by
92:inline citations
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38:
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21:
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3266:Webster, Noah.
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3079:Classical World
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2841:
2836:
2772:
2612:Stimpoli, Crete
2553:
2510:Medieval Hebrew
2473:
2357:, sighting rod.
2297:
2234:"chess bishop"
2058:
2046:
2019:("the lizard").
1997:
1930:
1881:Al-Iskandariyah
1841:
1769:
1622:
1262:Medieval script
1258:
1253:
1238:of certain non-
1171:Scottish Gaelic
1138:
1085:triliteral root
1029:in French, via
991:
711:
683:
677:
595:an (h)umble-pie
536:. The biforms
485:
465:psychotherapist
450:language change
437:", where Greek
409:false splitting
318:(also known as
309:
298:
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127:
116:
110:
107:
97:Please help to
96:
80:
76:
39:
35:
28:
23:
22:
18:False splitting
15:
12:
11:
5:
3312:
3302:
3301:
3296:
3291:
3286:
3272:
3271:
3264:
3257:
3250:
3241:Dictionaries:
3239:
3238:
3233:Reece, Steve.
3231:
3219:
3216:
3213:
3212:
3200:
3178:
3163:, Genoa, 1867
3147:
3124:
3111:10.2307/287478
3086:
3071:
3053:
3042:
3006:
2985:
2964:
2954:
2932:
2917:
2910:
2894:John McWhorter
2885:
2865:
2851:See p. 146 in
2843:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2834:
2829:
2824:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2787:Back-formation
2784:
2779:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2767:
2766:
2765:
2764:
2755:
2754:
2753:
2743:
2734:
2718:
2717:
2716:
2710:
2704:
2696:
2686:
2677:
2668:
2658:
2645:
2644:
2643:
2634:
2621:
2575:Cretan dialect
2552:
2549:
2548:
2547:
2536:
2527:in English as
2521:
2502:
2487:
2480:in English as
2472:
2469:
2468:
2467:
2452:
2437:
2422:
2405:
2390:
2373:
2358:
2347:
2332:
2317:
2306:Medieval Latin
2296:
2295:Medieval Latin
2293:
2292:
2291:
2278:
2269:in Spanish as
2263:
2254:in Spanish as
2248:
2220:
2205:
2198:in Spanish as
2192:
2183:in Spanish as
2177:
2168:in Spanish as
2162:
2153:in Spanish as
2147:
2142:in Spanish as
2133:
2124:in Spanish as
2115:
2110:in Spanish as
2104:
2099:in Spanish as
2093:
2084:in Spanish as
2078:
2057:
2054:
2045:
2042:
2041:
2040:
2030:
2020:
2008:
1996:
1993:
1992:
1991:
1970:
1959:folk etymology
1957:), and then a
1929:
1926:
1925:
1924:
1905:
1904:
1903:
1888:
1840:
1837:
1836:
1835:
1824:
1809:
1806:
1803:
1780:
1768:
1765:
1764:
1763:
1749:
1727:
1689:
1678:
1649:
1621:
1618:
1617:
1616:
1602:
1588:
1549:
1515:
1500:
1486:
1472:
1463:(cognate with
1454:
1440:
1437:homorganicness
1418:
1392:
1350:
1336:
1322:
1308:
1302:
1288:
1270:Middle English
1268:that for some
1266:close together
1257:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1248:
1247:
1167:
1094:
1048:
1047:
1046:
1019:
974:
931:
904:The dog breed
902:
864:prosthodontics
860:
834:
802:
759:
710:
707:
679:Main article:
676:
673:
484:
481:
411:, also called
374:folk etymology
320:resegmentation
311:
310:
293:
292:
247:
245:
238:
231:
230:
172:"Rebracketing"
145:
143:
136:
129:
128:
83:
81:
74:
69:
43:
42:
40:
33:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3311:
3300:
3297:
3295:
3292:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3281:
3279:
3269:
3265:
3262:
3258:
3255:
3251:
3248:
3244:
3243:
3242:
3236:
3232:
3229:
3225:
3224:
3223:
3210:
3204:
3198:
3194:
3190:
3185:
3183:
3176:
3173:
3170:
3166:
3162:
3156:
3154:
3152:
3145:
3141:
3137:
3134:
3128:
3120:
3116:
3112:
3108:
3104:
3100:
3093:
3091:
3084:
3080:
3074:
3068:
3064:
3057:
3051:
3046:
3028:
3024:
3022:
3018:
3010:
3002:
3001:
2996:
2989:
2981:
2980:
2975:
2968:
2961:
2957:
2955:9782853191258
2951:
2947:
2943:
2936:
2929:
2928:
2921:
2913:
2911:9780060520854
2907:
2902:
2901:
2895:
2889:
2883:
2879:
2875:
2869:
2862:
2858:
2854:
2848:
2844:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2788:
2785:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2774:
2762:
2759:
2758:
2756:
2751:
2747:
2744:
2742:
2738:
2735:
2733:
2729:
2725:
2722:
2721:
2719:
2714:
2711:
2708:
2705:
2702:
2701:
2697:
2694:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2672:
2669:
2666:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2653:
2649:
2648:
2646:
2642:
2638:
2635:
2633:
2629:
2625:
2622:
2613:
2609:
2606:
2605:
2603:
2602:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2592:
2588:
2584:
2580:
2576:
2565:
2563:
2559:
2545:
2541:
2537:
2534:
2530:
2526:
2522:
2519:
2515:
2511:
2507:
2503:
2500:
2496:
2493:in French as
2492:
2488:
2485:
2484:
2479:
2475:
2474:
2465:
2461:
2457:
2453:
2450:
2446:
2442:
2438:
2435:
2431:
2427:
2423:
2420:
2419:
2414:
2410:
2406:
2403:
2399:
2395:
2391:
2388:
2384:
2380:
2379:
2374:
2371:
2367:
2363:
2359:
2356:
2352:
2348:
2345:
2341:
2337:
2333:
2330:
2326:
2322:
2318:
2315:
2311:
2307:
2303:
2299:
2298:
2289:
2288:
2283:
2279:
2276:
2272:
2268:
2264:
2261:
2257:
2253:
2249:
2247:
2243:
2233:
2229:
2225:
2221:
2218:
2214:
2210:
2206:
2203:
2202:
2197:
2193:
2190:
2186:
2182:
2178:
2175:
2171:
2167:
2163:
2160:
2156:
2152:
2148:
2145:
2141:
2140:
2134:
2131:
2127:
2123:
2122:
2116:
2113:
2109:
2105:
2102:
2098:
2094:
2091:
2087:
2083:
2079:
2076:
2072:
2068:
2064:
2060:
2059:
2053:
2051:
2038:
2034:
2031:
2028:
2024:
2021:
2018:
2015:from Spanish
2014:
2013:
2009:
2006:
2002:
1999:
1998:
1989:
1985:
1975:
1971:
1968:
1964:
1960:
1956:
1946:
1936:
1932:
1931:
1922:
1918:
1914:
1910:
1906:
1901:
1897:
1896:al Exandretta
1893:
1889:
1886:
1882:
1878:
1874:
1870:
1866:
1865:
1863:
1862:
1857:
1854:
1853:
1852:
1850:
1846:
1833:
1829:
1825:
1822:
1818:
1814:
1810:
1807:
1804:
1801:
1797:
1793:
1789:
1785:
1781:
1778:
1777:
1776:
1774:
1761:
1757:
1753:
1750:
1747:
1743:
1739:
1735:
1731:
1728:
1725:
1721:
1717:
1713:
1709:
1705:
1701:
1697:
1693:
1690:
1687:
1683:
1679:
1676:
1668:
1664:
1661:") taken for
1660:
1656:
1653:
1650:
1647:
1643:
1642:d'émonomancie
1640:") taken for
1639:
1635:
1631:
1630:
1629:
1627:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1603:
1600:
1596:
1592:
1589:
1586:
1582:
1579:("ever") and
1578:
1574:
1570:
1566:
1562:
1558:
1554:
1550:
1547:
1543:
1539:
1535:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1519:
1516:
1513:
1509:
1505:
1501:
1498:
1494:
1490:
1487:
1484:
1480:
1476:
1473:
1470:
1466:
1462:
1458:
1455:
1452:
1448:
1444:
1441:
1438:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1422:
1419:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1401:(from French
1400:
1396:
1393:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1374:
1370:
1366:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1351:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1337:
1334:
1330:
1326:
1323:
1320:
1316:
1312:
1309:
1306:
1303:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1289:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1275:
1274:
1273:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1194:
1186:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1152:
1147:
1144:. The suffix
1143:
1141:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1100:used to name
1099:
1095:
1092:
1091:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1064:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1004:
1002:
998:
994:
987:
983:
979:
975:
972:
971:
966:
965:
961:as a suffix:
960:
959:
954:
953:
948:
944:
943:
939:derives from
938:
937:
932:
929:
925:
921:
917:
913:
909:
908:
903:
900:
896:
892:
888:
884:
880:
876:
875:
870:
866:
865:
861:
858:
857:
852:
848:
844:
840:
839:
835:
832:
828:
824:
820:
816:
813:
809:
808:
803:
800:
799:
794:
790:
786:
782:
781:
776:
775:
770:
766:
765:
760:
757:
754:was town and
753:
749:
745:
744:
739:
735:
734:United States
731:
727:
723:
719:
718:
713:
712:
706:
704:
700:
696:
692:
688:
682:
672:
670:
666:
662:
658:
654:
650:
646:
642:
638:
634:
630:
626:
622:
621:
616:
612:
608:
604:
600:
596:
592:
588:
584:
580:
576:
572:
568:
563:
559:
555:
551:
547:
543:
539:
535:
531:
527:
523:
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
491:
480:
478:
474:
470:
466:
462:
457:
455:
454:sound changes
451:
446:
442:
440:
436:
435:
429:
425:
421:
420:juncture loss
416:
414:
410:
406:
402:
398:
394:
390:
385:
381:
379:
378:morphological
375:
371:
370:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
344:
339:
338:
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
307:
304:
289:
286:
278:
268:
264:
260:
254:
253:
248:This article
246:
237:
236:
227:
224:
216:
205:
202:
198:
195:
191:
188:
184:
181:
177:
174: –
173:
169:
168:Find sources:
162:
158:
152:
151:
146:This article
144:
140:
135:
134:
125:
122:
114:
104:
100:
94:
93:
87:
82:
73:
72:
67:
65:
58:
57:
52:
51:
46:
41:
32:
31:
19:
3267:
3260:
3253:
3246:
3240:
3234:
3227:
3221:
3203:
3192:
3175:Luxoro Atlas
3171:
3164:
3160:
3135:
3132:
3127:
3102:
3098:
3078:
3062:
3056:
3045:
3031:. Retrieved
3026:
3020:
3016:
3009:
2998:
2988:
2977:
2967:
2959:
2945:
2941:
2935:
2926:
2920:
2899:
2888:
2877:
2873:
2868:
2847:
2832:Univerbation
2749:
2727:
2712:
2706:
2698:
2688:
2679:
2670:
2664:
2655:
2636:
2627:
2623:
2599:
2594:
2590:
2586:
2582:
2578:
2566:
2561:
2557:
2554:
2543:
2539:
2528:
2524:
2513:
2505:
2494:
2490:
2481:
2477:
2459:
2455:
2444:
2440:
2429:
2425:
2416:
2408:
2397:
2393:
2382:
2378:al-Khwarizmi
2376:
2365:
2361:
2354:
2350:
2339:
2335:
2324:
2320:
2309:
2301:
2285:
2281:
2270:
2266:
2255:
2251:
2245:
2235:
2231:
2227:
2223:
2212:
2208:
2199:
2195:
2184:
2180:
2169:
2165:
2154:
2150:
2146:, commander.
2143:
2136:
2125:
2118:
2114:, saddlebag.
2111:
2107:
2100:
2096:
2085:
2081:
2070:
2062:
2049:
2047:
2036:
2032:
2026:
2022:
2016:
2010:
2007:("on turn").
2004:
2000:
1987:
1983:
1966:
1965:'black' and
1962:
1955:ston Evripon
1954:
1950:στὸν Εὔριπον
1945:sto Nevripon
1944:
1940:στὸ Νεύριπον
1933:Negroponte (
1920:
1916:
1915:) taken for
1908:
1899:
1895:
1892:Alexandretta
1891:
1880:
1877:al Exandreia
1876:
1875:) taken for
1868:
1859:
1848:
1842:
1831:
1827:
1820:
1816:
1812:
1799:
1795:
1791:
1772:
1770:
1759:
1755:
1751:
1745:
1741:
1737:
1733:
1729:
1719:
1715:
1711:
1707:
1703:
1699:
1695:
1691:
1685:
1681:
1675:snow leopard
1666:
1662:
1654:
1641:
1634:démonomancie
1633:
1623:
1612:
1608:
1598:
1594:
1580:
1576:
1572:
1568:
1567:("not") and
1564:
1560:
1556:
1552:
1541:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1525:
1521:
1511:
1507:
1496:
1492:
1482:
1478:
1468:
1467:) taken for
1464:
1460:
1450:
1446:
1432:
1428:
1424:
1414:
1410:
1409:(from Latin
1406:
1402:
1398:
1388:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1368:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1346:
1342:
1332:
1328:
1318:
1314:
1299:an hach boon
1298:
1294:
1284:
1280:
1259:
1215:
1159:
1155:
1149:
1145:
1137:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1097:
1088:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1062:
1055:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1000:
996:
989:
985:
981:
977:
946:
928:Goldendoodle
923:
920:Labra‧doodle
919:
907:Labrad‧oodle
901:("I place").
898:
897:of the verb
890:
886:
882:
878:
868:
851:cyber‧netics
850:
846:
842:
841:(from Greek
838:cybern‧etics
822:
818:
814:
804:The English
792:
788:
784:
755:
751:
747:
741:
737:
729:
698:
694:
690:
686:
684:
668:
664:
660:
656:
652:
648:
644:
640:
636:
632:
628:
624:
618:
614:
610:
606:
602:
598:
594:
591:a numble-pie
590:
586:
582:
578:
574:
570:
566:
561:
557:
553:
549:
545:
541:
537:
533:
529:
525:
521:
518:(h)umble pie
517:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
486:
476:
472:
468:
464:
458:
447:
443:
438:
432:
419:
417:
412:
408:
396:
386:
382:
369:cheeseburger
367:
359:
355:
351:
347:
341:
335:
323:
319:
316:Rebracketing
315:
314:
299:
281:
272:
249:
219:
210:
200:
193:
186:
179:
167:
155:Please help
150:verification
147:
117:
108:
89:
61:
54:
48:
47:Please help
44:
3222:Etymology:
3050:Euboea#Name
2597:'a plain'.
2082:al-kharrūba
1921:al-Ishbūnah
1907:Visigothic
1869:Alexandreia
1834:"at Lille".
1823:"the pity".
1706:, Sicilian
1682:une norenge
1680:Old French
1638:demonomancy
1483:a neke name
1479:an eke name
1387:, in which
1359:, in which
1200:an inghnean
1160:chromos‧ome
1156:chromo‧some
1124:, in which
1116:. The word
874:prosthe‧tic
856:cyber‧space
823:heli‧copter
807:helico‧pter
740:(helped by
607:namby-pamby
413:misdivision
380:processes.
324:metanalysis
103:introducing
3278:Categories
3218:References
3209:Pylos#Name
3033:2013-09-30
2974:"methanol"
2822:Synaeresis
2807:Mondegreen
2600:Examples:
2491:al-majisti
2411:(powdered
2394:al-kīmiyāʾ
2383:algorismus
2321:al-dabarān
2282:al-qanṭara
2063:al-faṣfaṣa
2017:el lagarto
1917:ul Ishbona
1900:Iskenderun
1898:(and thus
1894:taken for
1885:metathesis
1879:(and thus
1873:Alexandria
1782:arreslee (
1746:une icorne
1718:taken for
1702:, Spanish
1686:une orenge
1652:Old French
1646:emonomancy
1613:an oumpere
1611:taken for
1609:a noumpere
1599:the tother
1597:taken for
1595:that other
1538:l'alemelle
1534:la lemelle
1510:taken for
1508:mine uncle
1427:taken for
1421:humble pie
1385:een dekooi
1369:eendenkooi
1331:taken for
1317:taken for
1295:a nachebon
1256:In English
1212:an nighean
1104:, such as
1035:une icorne
1023:unicornuus
1018:in French.
970:chocoholic
964:workaholic
936:alcohol‧ic
869:prosth(o)-
738:ham‧burger
730:hamburg‧er
665:aitch-bone
620:nonce word
514:numble-pie
434:hoi polloi
397:uneventful
364:productive
275:April 2016
259:improve it
213:April 2016
183:newspapers
86:references
50:improve it
3299:Semantics
3284:Etymology
2930:, p. 305.
2817:Synalepha
2777:Apheresis
2732:Nicomedia
2713:Stalimure
2617:στην Πόλη
2506:al-minbar
2495:almageste
2460:alcorānum
2456:al-qurʾān
2436:(a star).
2387:algorithm
2351:al-ʿiḍāda
2336:al-ḥinnāʾ
2329:Aldebaran
2325:Aldebaran
2310:alembicus
2302:al-ʾanbīq
2287:Alcántara
2267:al-ġaṭṭās
2252:al-bakūra
2181:al-ʿuṣāra
2086:algarroba
2012:alligator
1988:of Catera
1972:Cattaro (
1909:Ulishbona
1839:In Arabic
1832:te Rijsel
1828:ter IJsel
1802:"sleigh".
1716:l'abodega
1712:l'aboteca
1620:In French
1512:my nuncle
1489:the nonce
1379:"duck" +
1373:eendekooi
1291:aitchbone
1222:and even
1208:an ighean
933:The word
827:jetcopter
717:hamburger
699:alcoholic
441:= "the".
428:loanwords
418:The name
405:etymology
401:semantics
337:hamburger
332:morphemes
263:verifying
111:June 2010
56:talk page
3015:"orange
2995:"genome"
2896:(2003).
2855:(2003),
2802:Juncture
2792:Clipping
2770:See also
2761:Navarino
2728:İznikmit
2689:Samastro
2665:s'Amison
2624:İstanköy
2614:, from "
2587:tsecambo
2551:In Greek
2533:alkaline
2514:ʾalmēmār
2499:almagest
2413:antimony
2398:alchymia
2340:alchanna
2271:alcatraz
2260:albacore
2256:albacora
2166:al-qubba
2097:al-hilāl
1984:Decatera
1979:Δεκάτερα
1969:'bridge'
1928:In Greek
1861:Iskandar
1821:de spijt
1767:In Dutch
1742:unicorne
1734:l'icorne
1696:apotheca
1692:boutique
1557:an ought
1553:a nought
1530:alemelle
1526:alemette
1522:amelette
1518:omelette
1497:the one
1493:þen ānes
1475:nickname
1433:lumbulus
1429:an umble
1425:a numble
1407:nidiscus
1333:an auger
1329:a nauger
1319:an apron
1315:a napron
1285:an addre
1281:a naddre
1244:feanntag
1240:geminate
1224:feanntag
1218:include
1148:, as in
1114:alcoh‧ol
1110:al‧cohol
1106:methanol
1102:alcohols
1039:l'icorne
1031:unicorne
843:kubernān
831:heliport
785:outr‧age
769:loanword
709:Examples
703:libfixes
691:Marathon
599:nickname
587:an apron
583:a napron
579:an adder
575:a nadder
424:juncture
2827:Syncope
2797:Eggcorn
2782:Apocope
2707:Stamiro
2637:Standia
2583:secambo
2544:alcohol
2540:al-kuħl
2538:Arabic
2525:al-qaly
2523:Arabic
2504:Arabic
2489:Arabic
2476:Arabic
2454:Arabic
2441:al-qily
2439:Arabic
2426:al-naṭḥ
2424:Arabic
2418:alcohol
2409:al-kuḥl
2407:Arabic
2402:alchemy
2392:Arabic
2375:Arabic
2370:algebra
2366:algebra
2362:al-jabr
2360:Arabic
2355:alidada
2349:Arabic
2334:Arabic
2319:Arabic
2314:alembic
2300:Arabic
2280:Arabic
2265:Arabic
2250:Arabic
2232:alfiere
2222:Arabic
2209:az-zahr
2207:Arabic
2194:Arabic
2185:alizari
2179:Arabic
2164:Arabic
2159:alcazar
2155:alcázar
2151:al-qaṣr
2149:Arabic
2144:alcaide
2135:Arabic
2130:alcalde
2126:alcalde
2117:Arabic
2112:alforja
2108:al-hurj
2106:Arabic
2101:alfiler
2095:Arabic
2080:Arabic
2075:alfalfa
2071:alfalfa
2067:Spanish
2061:Arabic
2056:Spanish
2027:all one
2005:on char
1976:) from
1937:) from
1813:despijt
1794:, from
1786:-drawn
1730:licorne
1700:bottega
1632:French
1542:lamella
1469:a neute
1461:an eute
1415:an eias
1399:a niyas
1357:de kooi
1305:another
1202:( <
1132:(i.e.,
1122:al-kuḥl
1118:alcohol
1052:Swahili
1043:licorne
1027:licorne
1008:libellu
1006:Latin *
947:al-kuḥl
942:alcohol
924:-doodle
899:tithēmi
879:prosth-
853:(as in
825:(as in
815:heliko-
810:, from
798:umbrage
764:outrage
748:-burger
726:Germany
722:Hamburg
593:became
585:became
577:became
569:became
554:an even
516:became
508:became
500:became
492:became
461:jocular
389:parsing
343:Hamburg
257:Please
197:scholar
99:improve
3197:p. 201
3119:287478
3117:
3069:
3019:. and
2952:
2908:
2757:Other
2750:Nicaea
2741:Smyrna
2693:Amasra
2671:Sdille
2661:Samsun
2652:Athens
2628:Stanco
2577:, the
2529:alkali
2478:al-ġūl
2449:alkali
2445:alkali
2434:Elnath
2430:Alnath
2275:gannet
2224:al-fīl
2217:hazard
2201:arroba
2196:ar-rub
2189:madder
2174:alcove
2170:alcoba
2103:, pin.
2037:at one
1935:Euboea
1913:Lisbon
1890:Greek
1867:Greek
1845:Arabic
1817:despit
1788:sleigh
1760:l'iere
1752:lierre
1738:icorne
1724:lexeme
1704:bodega
1663:l'once
1626:French
1605:umpire
1591:tother
1561:naught
1451:a-lone
1447:al one
1347:a cord
1343:accord
1216:nettle
1179:French
1173:, the
1151:genome
1081:vitabu
1060:Arabic
1056:kitabu
1021:Latin
1016:niveau
980:to an
973:, etc.
958:-holic
949:) and
916:Poodle
893:, the
819:pteron
756:burger
695:-holic
687:-athon
681:Libfix
663:, and
645:orange
641:umpire
627:, and
625:nother
615:nidget
611:nidiot
589:, and
571:a newt
567:an ewt
534:the(n)
530:thy(n)
506:napron
498:nadder
471:, and
393:lexeme
360:burger
358:, and
356:burger
199:
192:
185:
178:
170:
88:, but
3115:JSTOR
2944:[
2839:Notes
2748:from
2746:İznik
2739:from
2737:İzmir
2730:from
2724:İzmit
2700:Sitia
2684:Samos
2680:Susam
2675:Delos
2595:cambo
2589:<
2483:Algol
2471:Other
2464:Koran
2344:henna
2228:alfil
2191:root.
2139:qāʾid
2090:carob
2035:from
2033:atone
2025:from
2023:alone
2003:from
1974:Kotor
1967:ponte
1963:negro
1800:slede
1784:horse
1756:liere
1708:putìa
1671:ounce
1655:lonce
1644:("of
1581:wight
1573:aught
1569:wight
1532:from
1504:uncle
1411:nidus
1403:niais
1353:decoy
1339:chord
1325:auger
1311:apron
1277:adder
1164:Omics
1140:K-Ḥ-L
1090:K-T-B
1063:kitāb
1033:>
1012:nivel
992:'
883:-etic
877:into
847:-ētēs
812:Greek
774:outre
767:is a
697:from
689:from
657:emony
653:atomy
637:auger
629:notch
603:ninny
526:my(n)
510:apron
502:adder
204:JSTOR
190:books
3067:ISBN
2950:ISBN
2906:ISBN
2691:for
2682:for
2673:for
2656:etc.
2610:and
2518:bema
2244:slon
2239:слон
2213:azar
2121:qāḍī
2001:ajar
1667:once
1659:lynx
1585:SOED
1546:SOED
1528:and
1457:newt
1443:lone
1395:eyas
1381:kooi
1377:eend
1365:kooi
1146:-ome
1134:kohl
1130:kuḥl
1077:tabu
1068:كتاب
914:and
895:root
891:thē-
887:pros
881:and
845:and
793:rage
789:out-
780:-age
752:burg
661:ouch
649:eyas
548:and
542:none
528:and
522:a(n)
494:newt
176:news
3172:cf.
3169:103
3140:doi
3107:doi
3021:adj
2715:(?)
2709:(?)
2654:),
2641:Dia
2632:Kos
2591:se-
2585:or
2579:se-
2512:as
2508:in
2308:as
2304:in
2137:al-
2119:al-
2069:as
2065:in
2050:al-
1843:In
1796:nar
1744:as
1714:or
1648:").
1624:In
1577:aye
1465:eft
1389:een
1169:In
1158:as
1112:as
1098:-ol
1073:ki-
1050:In
952:-ic
743:ham
490:ewt
439:hoi
352:ham
322:or
261:by
159:by
3280::
3191:,
3181:^
3150:^
3136:20
3113:.
3101:.
3089:^
3025:.
3023:."
2997:.
2976:.
2958:.
2859:.
2752:()
2626:,
2593:+
2531:,
2516:,
2497:,
2462:,
2447:,
2432:,
2400:,
2385:,
2368:,
2342:,
2327:,
2312:,
2273:,
2258:,
2187:,
2172:,
2157:,
2128:,
2088:,
2073:,
1982:,
1923:).
1887:).
1849:al
1773:n-
1736:;
1722:+
1720:la
1657:("
1636:("
1587:).
1565:na
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1499:).
1439:).
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1126:al
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705:.
693:,
671:.
659:,
655:,
651:,
647:,
643:,
639:,
635:;
623:,
617:,
609:,
605:,
601:,
581:,
562:-n
550:on
546:in
538:no
512:,
504:,
496:,
479:.
348:er
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3167::
3165:5
3142::
3121:.
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2982:.
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1287:.
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1065:(
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997:n
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