First Battle of Bull Run

2687: 3115:-hour delay after the Union victory on Matthews' Hill, which allowed the Confederates to bring up reinforcements and establish a defensive position on Henry Hill. On Henry Hill, Beauregard had also limited his control to the regimental level, generally allowing the battle to continue on its own and only reacting to Union moves. Johnston's decision to transport his infantry to the battlefield by rail played a major role in the Confederate victory. Although the trains were slow and a lack of sufficient cars did not allow the transport of large numbers of troops at one time, almost all of his army arrived in time to participate in the battle. After reaching Manassas Junction, Johnston had relinquished command of the battlefield to Beauregard, but his forwarding of reinforcements to the scene of fighting was decisive. Jackson and Bee's brigades had done the largest share of fighting in the battle; Jackson's brigade had fought almost alone for four hours and sustained over 50% casualties. 78: 3054: 1023: 2640: 208: 8537: 12768: 2918:) nickname, "Stonewall". Bee was shot through the stomach shortly afterwards and died the next day, thus it is unclear exactly what he said or meant. Moreover, none of his subordinates wrote reports of the battle, so there is no first-hand account of the exchange. Major Burnett Rhett, chief of staff to General Johnston, claimed that Bee was angry at Jackson's failure to come immediately to the relief of Bee's and Bartow's brigades while they were under heavy pressure. Those who subscribe to this opinion believe that Bee's statement was meant to be pejorative: "Look at Jackson standing there like a stone wall!" After Bee's wounding, Col. 2891: 609: 5108:, a congressional body created to investigate Northern military affairs. Concerning the Battle of First Bull Run, the committee listened to testimony from a variety of witnesses connected with McDowell's army. Although the committee's report concluded that the principal cause of defeat was Patterson's failure to prevent Johnston from reinforcing Beauregard, Patterson's enlistment had expired a few days after the battle, and he was no longer in the service. The Northern public clamored for another scapegoat, and McDowell bore the chief blame. On July 25, he was relieved of army command and replaced by Maj. Gen. 8501: 2899: 958:(Tyler's Division) would harass the enemy at Blackburn's Ford, preventing them from thwarting the main attack. Patterson would tie down Johnston in the Shenandoah Valley so that reinforcements could not reach the area. Although McDowell had arrived at a theoretically sound plan, it had a number of flaws: it was one that required synchronized execution of troop movements and attacks, skills that had not been developed in the nascent army; it relied on actions by Patterson that he had already failed to take; finally, McDowell had delayed long enough that Johnston's Valley force, which had trained under 190: 12391: 5666: 12468: 2822: 2814: 2623: 12097: 1076: 794:). McDowell immediately began organizing what became known as the Army of Northeastern Virginia, 35,000 men arranged in five divisions. Under public and political pressure to begin offensive operations, McDowell was given very little time to train the newly inducted troops. Units were instructed in the maneuvering of regiments, but they received little or no training at the brigade or division level. He was reassured by President Lincoln, "You are green, it is true, but they are green also; you are all green alike." Against his better judgment, McDowell commenced campaigning. 5261: 5471: 2879:

safely reloaded. Meanwhile, McDowell ordered the batteries of Ricketts and Griffin to move from Dogan's Ridge to the hill for close infantry support. Their 11 guns engaged in a fierce artillery duel across 300 yards (270 m) against Jackson's 13. Unlike many engagements in the Civil War, here the Confederate artillery had an advantage. The Union pieces were now within range of the Confederate smoothbores and the predominantly rifled pieces on the Union side were not effective weapons at such close ranges, with many shots fired over the head of their targets.

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for quick action was McDowell's concern that the ninety-day enlistments of many of his regiments were about to expire. "In a few days I will lose many thousands of the best of this force", he wrote Washington on the eve of battle. In fact, the next morning two units of McDowell's command, their enlistments expiring that day, would turn a deaf ear to McDowell's appeal to stay a few days longer. Instead, to the sounds of battle, they would march back to Washington to be mustered out of service.

2862: 1707:(Brig. Gen. P. G. T. Beauregard, commanding) was organized into six infantry brigades, with each brigade containing three to six infantry regiments. Artillery batteries were assigned to various infantry brigades. The total number of troops in the Confederate Army of the Potomac was approximately 22,000. Beauregard's army also contained thirty-nine pieces of field artillery and a regiment of Virginia cavalry. The Army of the Potomac was organized into seven infantry brigades. These were: 8707: 1678: 1658: 1126: 446: 11748: 2883: 11653: 3101:

active on the battlefield, he had expended most of his energy maneuvering nearby regiments and brigades, instead of controlling and coordinating the movements of his army as a whole. Other factors contributed to McDowell's defeat: Patterson's failure to hold Johnston in the valley; McDowell's two-day delay at Centreville; allowing Tyler's division to lead the march on 21 July, thus delaying the flanking divisions of Hunter and Heintzelman; and the

11966: 11663: 3050:, which had opened the battle with such fanfare. Expecting an easy Union victory, the wealthy elite of nearby Washington, including congressmen and their families, had come to picnic and watch the battle. When the Union army was driven back in a running disorder, the roads back to Washington were blocked by panicked civilians attempting to flee in their carriages. The pell-mell retreat became known in the Southern press as "The Great Skedaddle". 1110: 876: 7909: 1060: 5501: 5072: 762:". Instead, many believed the capture of the Confederate capital at Richmond, only 100 miles (160 km) south of Washington, would quickly end the war. By July 1861 many of the thousands of Union volunteers were camped in and around Washington. Since General Scott was seventy-five years old and physically unable to lead this force against the Confederates, the administration searched for a more suitable field commander. 7858: 715: 978:, who were still in transit. Most of the new arrivals were posted in the vicinity of Blackburn's Ford, and Beauregard's plan was to attack from there to the north toward Centreville. Johnston, the senior officer, approved the plan. If both of the armies had been able to execute their plans simultaneously, it would have resulted in a mutual counterclockwise movement as they attacked each other's left flank. 842:, the next defensible line in Virginia, which would relieve some of the pressure on the U.S. capital. McDowell had hoped to have his army at Centreville by 17 July, but the troops, unaccustomed to marching, moved in starts and stops. Along the route soldiers often broke ranks to wander off to pick apples or blackberries or to get water, regardless of the orders of their officers to remain in ranks. 7238: 1773:(Brig. Gen. Joseph E. Johnston, commanding) was also organized into brigades. It consisted of four brigades of three to five infantry regiments each, which totaled approximately 12,000 men. Each brigade was assigned one artillery battery. In addition to the infantry, there were twenty pieces of artillery and about 300 Virginia cavalrymen under Col. 2945:), which was supporting the battery, killed many of the gunners and scattered the infantry. Capitalizing on this success, Jackson ordered two regiments to charge Ricketts's guns and they were captured as well. As additional Federal infantry engaged, the Confederates were pushed back and they reformed and the guns changed hands several times. 2914:, is said to have replied, "Then, Sir, we will give them the bayonet." Bee is then said to have exhorted his own troops to re-form by shouting, "There is Jackson standing like a stone wall. Let us determine to die here, and we will conquer. Rally behind the Virginians." This exclamation is often held to be the source for Jackson's (and his 547:

were committed piecemeal, attacks were frontal, infantry failed to protect exposed artillery, tactical intelligence was minimal, and neither commander was able to employ his whole force effectively. McDowell, with 35,000 men, could commit only about 18,000, and the combined Confederate forces, with about 32,000 men, also committed 18,000.

849:(21,883 effectives) under Beauregard was encamped near Manassas Junction where he prepared a defensive position along the south bank of the Bull Run river with his left guarding a stone bridge, approximately 25 miles (40 km) from the United States capital. McDowell planned to attack this numerically inferior enemy army. Union 543:, stood its ground, which resulted in Jackson receiving his famous nickname, "Stonewall". The Confederates launched a strong counterattack, and as the Union troops began withdrawing under fire, many panicked and the retreat turned into a rout. McDowell's men frantically ran without order in the direction of Washington, D.C. 5220:

The First Battle of Bull Run demonstrated that the war would not be won by one grand battle, and both sides began preparing for a long and bloody conflict. The battle also showed the need for adequately trained and experienced officers and men. One year later, many of the same soldiers who had fought

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Compared to later battles, casualties at First Bull Run had not been especially heavy. Both Union and Confederate killed, wounded, and missing were a little over 1700 each. Two Confederate brigade commanders, Jackson, and Edmund Kirby-Smith were wounded in the battle. Jackson was shot in the hand and

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One of the casualties of the artillery fire was Judith Carter Henry, an 85-year-old widow and invalid, who was unable to leave her bedroom in the Henry House. As Ricketts began receiving rifle fire, he concluded that it was coming from the Henry House and turned his guns on the building. A shell that

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The Northern public was shocked at the unexpected defeat of their army when an easy victory had been widely anticipated. Some Northerners visited to overlook the battlefield and picnic since they expected the battle would be won easily. Both sides quickly came to realize that the war would be longer

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The retreat was relatively orderly up to the Bull Run crossings, but was poorly managed by the Union officers. A Union wagon was overturned by artillery fire on a bridge spanning Cub Run Creek, inciting panic in McDowell's force. As the soldiers streamed uncontrollably toward Centreville, discarding

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rifles to equip the men with; however, it is not clear if his troops had them at Bull Run or if the weapons arrived after the battle. If so, they would have been the only foreign-made weapons on the field. The 79th New York was thoroughly decimated by Hampton's musket fire and began to disintegrate.

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to get around the Confederates' left. Tyler's division (about 8,000) marched directly toward the Stone Bridge. The inexperienced units immediately developed logistical problems. Tyler's division blocked the advance of the main flanking column on the turnpike. The later units found the approach roads

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For the maneuver to be successful McDowell felt he needed to act quickly. He had already begun to hear rumors that Johnston had slipped out of the valley and was headed for Manassas Junction. If the rumors were true, McDowell might soon be facing 34,000 Confederates instead of 22,000. Another reason

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graduate, his command experience was limited. In fact, he had spent most of his career engaged in various staff duties in the Adjutant General's Office. While stationed in Washington he had become acquainted with Chase, a former Ohio governor and senator. Now, through Chase's influence, McDowell was

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Both armies were sobered by the fierce fighting and the many casualties and realized that the war was going to be much longer and bloodier than either had anticipated. The First Battle of Bull Run highlighted many of the problems and deficiencies that were typical of the first year of the war. Units

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Bull Run was a turning point in the American Civil War... in the sense that the battle struck with impelling force upon public opinion at home and abroad, upon Congress, and upon the Commander-in-chief. It framed new patterns of thought and led to far-reaching changes in the conduct of the war. The

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after Smith was wounded), which had just arrived from the Shenandoah Valley, moved forward and crushed Howard's brigade. Beauregard ordered his entire line forward, and the Union troops began to panic in retreat. At 5 p.m. everywhere McDowell's army was disintegrating. Thousands, in large and small

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The battle was a clash between relatively large, ill-trained bodies of recruits, led by inexperienced officers. Neither army commander was able to deploy his forces effectively; although nearly 60,000 men were present at the battle, only 36,000 had actually been engaged. Although McDowell had been

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over Bull Run and made no headway. Also on the morning of 18 July Johnston had received a telegram suggesting he go to Beauregard's assistance if possible. Johnston marched out of Winchester about noon, while Stuart's cavalry screened the movement from Patterson. Patterson was completely deceived.

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Prince William County staged special events commemorating the 150th anniversary of the Civil War through 2011. Manassas was named the No. 1 tourist destination in the United States for 2011 by the American Bus Association for its efforts in highlighting the historical impact of the Civil War. The

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Bull Run was the largest and bloodiest battle in United States history up until that point. Union casualties were 460 killed, 1,124 wounded, and 1,312 missing or captured; Confederate casualties were 387 killed, 1,582 wounded, and 13 missing (a very high 10% casualty rate of the troops engaged in

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The reaction in the Confederacy was more muted. There was little public celebration, as the Southerners realized that despite their victory, the greater battles that would inevitably come would mean greater losses for their side as well. Once the euphoria of victory had worn off, Jefferson Davis

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Jackson posted his five regiments on the reverse slope of the hill, where they were shielded from direct fire, and was able to assemble 13 guns for the defensive line, which he posted on the crest of the hill; as the guns fired, their recoil moved them down the reverse slope, where they could be

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was organized into five infantry divisions of three to five brigades each. Each brigade contained three to five infantry regiments. An artillery battery was generally assigned to each brigade. The total number of Union troops present at the First Battle of Bull Run was about 35,000 although only

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The battle also had long-term psychological consequences. The decisive victory led to a degree of overconfidence on the part of Confederate forces and prompted a determined organizational effort on the part of the Union. In hindsight, commentators on both sides agreed that the one-sided outcome

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with ninety-day enlistments to augment the existing U.S. Army of about 15,000 present for duty. He later accepted an additional 40,000 volunteers with three-year enlistments and increased the strength of the U.S. Army to 156,861, further enlarged to 183,588 present for duty on July 1. Lincoln's

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to observe the Confederates moving in and about Manassas Junction and Fairfax. He saw no evidence of massing Confederate forces but was forced to land in Confederate territory. It was overnight before he was rescued and could report to headquarters. He reported that his observations "restored

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If the war had turned out to be of short duration, Bull Run would have been a disaster for the Union. But if, as now seemed more plausible, a long and nasty war was inevitable, that battle had a curiously salutary effect for the Union side. It provided a wake-up call for those optimists—like

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failure at Bull Run inspired a second Northern rising. Volunteering accelerated, 90-day men reenlisted, states rushed fresh regiments forward in plenitude.... As they realized victory would not come readily, a new mood fastened upon Northerners. An iron resolve entered the Northern soul ...

814:, a prominent socialite with a wide range of contacts. He provided her with a code for messages. After he left to join the Confederate Army, he gave her control of his network but continued to receive reports from her. On July 9 and 16, Greenhow passed secret messages to Confederate General 3086:

In Washington, President Lincoln and members of the cabinet waited for news of a Union victory. Instead, a telegram arrived stating "General McDowell's army in full retreat through Centreville. The day is lost. Save Washington and the remnants of this army." The tidings were happier in the

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and his battery of four 6-pounder guns, who held off the Union advance while the Confederates attempted to regroup on Henry House Hill. They were met by generals Johnston and Beauregard, who had just arrived from Johnston's headquarters at the M. Lewis Farm, "Portici". Fortunately for the

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The capture of the Union guns turned the tide of battle. Although McDowell had brought 15 regiments into the fight on the hill, outnumbering the Confederates two to one, no more than two were ever engaged simultaneously. Jackson continued to press his attacks, telling soldiers of the

520:, whose forces were camped near Manassas Junction. McDowell's ambitious plan for a surprise flank attack on the Confederate left was poorly executed although the Confederates, who had been planning to attack the Union left flank, found themselves at an initial disadvantage. 493:

was slow in positioning themselves, allowing Confederate reinforcements time to arrive by rail. Each side had about 18,000 poorly trained and poorly led troops. The battle was a Confederate victory and was followed by a disorganized post-battle retreat of the Union forces.

2849:'s cavalry along with a contingent of 6-pounder guns. The Hampton Legion, some 600 men strong, managed to buy Jackson time to construct a defensive line on Henry House Hill by firing repeated volleys at Sherman's advancing brigade. Hampton had purchased approximately 400 2712:

in combat, Alexander sent the message "Look out for your left, your position is turned." Evans hastily led 900 of his men from their position fronting the Stone Bridge to a new location on the slopes of Matthews Hill, a low rise to the northwest of his previous position.

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infantry battalion, near the intersection of the turnpike and Manassas-Sudley Road, to act as a rear guard as his army withdrew. The unit briefly held the crossroads, then retreated eastward with the rest of the army. McDowell's force crumbled and began to retreat.

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groups or as individuals, began to leave the battlefield and head for Centreville in a rout. McDowell rode around the field trying to rally regiments and groups of soldiers, but most had had enough. Unable to stop the mass exodus, McDowell gave orders for Porter's

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An 1862 illustration of a Confederate officer forcing slaves at gunpoint to load a cannon directed at U.S. forces. According to John Parker, a former slave, he was forced by his Confederate captors to fire a cannon at U.S. soldiers at the Battle of Bull

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cornerstone of the commemoration event featured a reenactment of the battle on July 23–24, 2011. Throughout the year, there were tours of the Manassas battlefield and other battlefields in the county and a number of related events and activities.

5152:. Privately, Davis credited Greenhow with ensuring Confederate victory. Jordan sent a telegram to Greenhow: "Our President and our General direct me to thank you. We rely upon you for further information. The Confederacy owes you a debt. (Signed) 5187:

The name of the battle has caused controversy since 1861. The Union Army frequently named battles after significant rivers and creeks that played a role in the fighting; the Confederates generally used the names of nearby towns or farms. The

6069: 6026: 5897: 8008: 2858:, was fatally wounded. It has been claimed that Hampton deliberately targeted officers of the 79th New York in revenge for the death of his nephew earlier in the day, although he had in fact been killed by soldiers of the 69th New York. 3083:, was a failure. The two commanders squabbled with each other and when Bonham's men received some artillery fire from the Union rear guard, and found that Richardson's brigade blocked the road to Centreville, he called off the pursuit. 3046:'s division to act as a rear guard, but it was impossible to rally the army short of Washington. In the disorder that followed, hundreds of Union troops were taken prisoner. Wagons and artillery were abandoned, including the 30-pounder 5995: 5866: 5840: 2747:, moved forward from the stone bridge around 10:00 a.m., and crossed at an unguarded ford and struck the right flank of the Confederate defenders. This surprise attack, coupled with pressure from Burnside and Maj. 2854:

Wade Hampton gestured towards their colonel, James Cameron, and remarked "Look at that brave officer trying to lead his men and they won't follow him." Shortly afterwards, Cameron, the brother of US Secretary of War

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actions caused four more Southern states, including Virginia, Arkansas, North Carolina and Tennessee, to adopt ordinances of secession and join the Confederate States of America. On May 29, 1861, with the arrival in

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On the morning of July 21, McDowell sent the divisions of Hunter and Heintzelman (about 12,000 men) from Centreville at 2:30 a.m., marching southwest on the Warrenton Turnpike and then turning northwest toward

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so he remained on the battlefield. No Union officers above the regimental level were killed; two division commanders (Samuel Heintzelman and David Hunter) and one brigade commander (Orlando Willcox) were wounded.

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and his reduced brigade of 1,100 men. Evans had moved some of his men to intercept the direct threat from Tyler at the bridge, but he began to suspect that the weak attacks from the Union brigade of Brig. Gen.

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Battlefield confusion between the battle flags, especially the similarity of the Confederacy's "Stars and Bars" and the Union's "Stars and Stripes" when it was fluttering, led to the adoption of the

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attained by Confederate troops on the heels of their victory, together with a new sense of insecurity felt by northern commanders, also gave the Confederacy a military edge in the following months.

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One hour after Johnston's departure Patterson telegraphed Washington, "I have succeeded, in accordance with the wishes of the General-in-Chief, in keeping General Johnston's force at Winchester."

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McPherson, p. 346, n. 7. McPherson's popular one-volume history of the war uses the two names interchangeably because he states that "neither name has any intrinsic superiority over the other."

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who had earlier been rejected by the U.S. Secretary of War, Simon Cameron, for federal service in either Patterson's or McDowell's command arrived in Washington, DC, and were finally accepted.

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Confederate capital. From the battlefield President Davis telegraphed Richmond, "We have won a glorious but dear-bought victory. Night closed on the enemy in full flight and closely pursued."

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to Sudley Springs were inadequate, little more than a cart path in some places, and did not begin fording Bull Run until 9:30 a.m. Tyler's men reached the Stone Bridge around 6 a.m.

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and more brutal than they had imagined. On July 22, President Lincoln signed a bill that provided for the enlistment of another 500,000 men for up to three years of service. On July 25,

758:. While the Army "strangled" the Confederacy in the west, the U.S. Navy would blockade Southern ports along the eastern and Gulf coasts. The press ridiculed what they dubbed as Scott's " 5148:

in the Confederate army. Stonewall Jackson, arguably the most important tactical contributor to the victory, received no special recognition but would later achieve glory for his 1862

3075:, who had arrived on the battlefield to see the Union soldiers retreating. An attempt by Johnston to intercept the Union troops from his right flank, using the brigades of Brig. Gens. 13116: 8640: 6883: 5992: 5863: 5837: 13096: 7949: 2933:, to mistake them for Union troops and to order Griffin not to fire on them. Close range volleys from the 33rd Virginia followed by Stuart's cavalry attack against the flank of the 1240:

While McDowell organized the Army of Northeastern Virginia, a smaller Union command was organized and stationed northwest of Washington, near Harper's Ferry. Commanded by Maj. Gen.

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fire against the Confederates. At approximately 3 p.m., these guns were overrun by the 33rd Virginia, whose men were outfitted in blue uniforms, causing Griffin's commander, Maj.

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At 5:15 a.m., Richardson's brigade fired a few artillery rounds across Mitchell's Ford on the Confederate right, some of which hit Beauregard's headquarters in the

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Union forces and civilians alike feared that Confederate forces, 14,000 not engaged in the battle and thus rested, would advance on Washington, DC, only 27 miles away

1777:. Although the combined strength of both Confederate armies was about 34,000, only about 18,000 were actually engaged at the First Battle of Bull Run. The Army of the 12691: 12437: 11998: 5763: 2910:

As his men were pushed back towards Henry House Hill, Bee exclaimed to Jackson, "The Enemy are driving us." Jackson, a former U.S. Army officer and professor at the

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On July 19–20, significant reinforcements bolstered the Confederate lines behind Bull Run. Johnston arrived with all of his army except for the troops of Brig. Gen.

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Confederates, McDowell did not press his advantage and attempt to seize the strategic ground immediately, choosing to bombard the hill with the batteries of Capts.

1022: 13106: 13101: 5643:, second in the Cole family trilogy by Noah Gordon, includes an account of the battle. The battle is also depicted in the song "Yankee Bayonet" by indie-folk band 6678:

See, for instance, McPherson, p. 342. There are additional controversies about what Bee said and whether he said anything at all. See Freeman, vol. 1, pp. 733–34.

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continent, about 35,000 men (28,452 effectives). McDowell's plan was to move westward in three columns and make a diversionary attack on the Confederate line at

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of the United States. By February 1, 1861, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas passed ordinances of secession, The Constitution of the

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and its partners have preserved more than 385 acres of the battlefields at Manassas in 15 transactions since 2010, mostly on the Second Manassas Battlefield.

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containing critical information regarding military movements for what would be the First Battle of Bull Run, including the plans of Union general McDowell.

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was supposed to attack in support of Ewell, but found himself moving forward alone. Holmes was also supposed to support, but received no orders at all.

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Since their combined army had been left highly disorganized as well, Beauregard and Johnston did not fully press their advantage, despite urging from

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and threatening the rear of the Confederate army. He assumed that the Confederates would be forced to abandon Manassas Junction and fall back to the

5260: 5112:, who would soon be named general-in-chief of all the Union armies. McDowell was also present to bear significant blame for the defeat of Maj. Gen. 77: 9470: 8960: 8065: 5205: 2664:

north toward the Union left at Centreville. Bungled orders and poor communications prevented their execution. Although he intended for Brig. Gen.

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Abstract from the returns of the Department of Northeastern Virginia, commanded by Brigadier-General McDowell, U.S.A., for July 16 and 17, 1861.

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from state forces. On April 12, 1861, open warfare between the Confederate States and the United States began when Confederate forces barraged

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Freeman, vol. 1, p. 82; Robertson, p. 264. McPherson, p. 342, reports the quotation after "stone wall" as being "Rally around the Virginians!"

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over Sudley Springs Ford. From here, these divisions could outflank the Confederate line and march into the Confederate rear. The brigade of

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laid out his strategy to subdue the Confederate States on May 3, 1861. He proposed that an army of 80,000 men be organized to sail down the

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Becoming more frustrated, McDowell resolved to attack the Confederate left (northwest) flank instead. He planned to attack with Brig. Gen.

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Strength figures vary by source. Eicher, pp. 87–88: 35,000 Union, 32,000 Confederate; Esposito, map 19: 35,000 Union, 29,000 Confederate;

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Abtract from returns of the Department of Northeastern Virginia, commanded by Brigadier-General McDowell, U.S.A., for July 16 and 17, 1861

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to lead the attack, Ewell, at Union Mills Ford, was simply ordered to "hold ... in readiness to advance at a moment's notice". Brig. Gen.

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The Maps of First Bull Run: An atlas of the First Bull Run (Manassas) Campaign, including the Battle of Ball's Bluff, June–October 1861

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crashed through the bedroom wall tore off one of the widow's feet and inflicted multiple injuries, from which she died later that day.

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house as he was eating breakfast, alerting him to the fact that his offensive battle plan had been preempted. Nevertheless, he ordered

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As they retreated from their Matthews Hill position, the remainder of Evans's, Bee's, and Bartow's commands received some cover from

587: 403: 5449: 5428: 746:, many of the regiments of volunteers raised by States under Lincoln's call rushed to defend the capital. General in Chief Lt. Gen. 12918: 12677: 12669: 11984: 11381: 11316: 10018: 9993: 9229: 9204: 9154: 9134: 8803: 8793: 7872: 7413: 7107: 727: 654: 583: 7885: 7597: 5407: 5365: 13121: 12928: 12452: 11976: 11737: 11584: 11559: 11275: 10972: 10868: 10720: 10053: 9933: 9144: 6573: 6520: 3029: 3023: 3017: 9943: 2333:

Abstract from monthly report of Brig. Gen. Joseph E. Johnston's division, or Army of the Shenandoah (C.S.A.), for June 30, 1861.

1677: 608: 11525: 11270: 10013: 10008: 9683: 7842: 6789: 5677:, is draped with the U.S. flag for the 150th anniversary commemoration, held on July 21, 2011, of the First Battle of Bull Run. 3011: 3005: 2777: 2771: 2765: 2759: 1075: 365: 9853: 12116: 11097: 10089: 10084: 9948: 9848: 9099: 8071: 7753: 7731: 7701: 7305: 7232: 1657: 755: 8598: 7029: 6696: 6451: 5984: 12432: 11356: 11060: 11032: 10271: 10079: 10048: 9978: 9838: 9412: 7160: 5706: 1005: 678: 2751:, collapsed the Confederate line shortly after 11:30 a.m., sending them in a disorderly retreat to Henry House Hill. 834:

with two columns, while the third column moved around the Confederates' right flank to the south, cutting the railroad to

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To suppress the insurrection of the Confederate States and restore federal law in the Southern States, Lincoln called for

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Cartoon map illustrating Gen. Winfield Scott's plan to crush the Confederacy, economically. It is sometimes called the "

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at First Bull Run, now combat veterans, would have an opportunity to test their skills on the same battlefield at the

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Beauregard was considered the Confederate hero of the battle and was promoted that day by President Davis to full

12701: 12395: 11569: 11554: 11436: 11396: 11295: 11280: 11265: 11260: 11092: 10997: 10028: 9923: 9883: 9604: 9440: 8778: 8747: 5635:, a series that explores the fictional Confederate cavalry officer Gideon Kent. The battle is the subject of the 5600: 5578: 2968:. At about 4 p.m., the last Union troops were pushed off Henry House Hill by a charge of two regiments from Col. 2708:, Beauregard's signal officer, observing from 8 miles (13 km) southwest on Signal Hill. In the first use of 2070: 1703: 1387: 1093: 846: 478: 125: 5017:

Today will be known as BLACK MONDAY. We are utterly and disgracefully routed, beaten, whipped by secessionists.

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The Battle of First Bull Run, Manassas Campaign – July 16–22, 1861: An Illustrated Atlas and Battlefield Guide.

5526: 3129: 2925:

Artillery commander Griffin decided to move two of his guns to the southern end of his line, hoping to provide

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Detzer, p. 77; Williams, p. 21; McPherson, p. 336; Davis, p. 110, attributes the remark to general-in-chief

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Abstract from return of the Department of Pennsylvania, commanded by Major-General Patterson, June 28, 1861.

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Eicher, pp. 96–98; Esposito, Map 23; Rafuse, "First Battle of Bull Run", pp. 314–15; McPherson, pp. 342–44.

5149: 5113: 2735:, bringing the force on the flank to 2,800 men. They successfully slowed Hunter's lead brigade (Brig. Gen. 2695:

All that stood in the path of the 20,000 Union soldiers converging on the Confederate left flank were Col.

1043: 790:) of the Department of Northeastern Virginia, which included the military forces in and around Washington ( 423: 11908: 5919: 2704:

were merely feints. He was informed of the main Union flanking movement through Sudley Springs by Captain

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McDowell was getting contradictory information from his intelligence agents, so he called for the balloon

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issued a proclamation declaring an insurrection against the laws of the United States had taken place.

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Three months after the First Battle of Bull Run, Union forces suffered another, smaller defeat at the

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promoted three grades to brigadier general in the Regular Army and on 27 May was assigned command (by

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Hennessy, John, Ethan Rafuse, and Harry Smeltzer. "Historians' Forum: The First Battle of Bull Run."

5730: 5563: 5222: 5129: 5125: 5097: 831: 575: 513: 408: 30: 12699: 13018: 12584: 12569: 12267: 12241: 12236: 12014: 11847: 11799: 11756: 11542: 11426: 11351: 11326: 11321: 11285: 11205: 10903: 10888: 10469: 9753: 9718: 9594: 9589: 9319: 8955: 8950: 8945: 8823: 8808: 8335: 8190: 6373: 5568: 5511: 3818: 2744: 2728: 2680: 2661: 2632: 1799: 121: 12006: 5784: 5615:

series of historical novels. The battle is described from the viewpoint of a Union infantryman in

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Brown, pp. 43–45; Alexander, pp. 50–51. Alexander recalls that the signal was "You are flanked."

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After two days of marching slowly in the sweltering heat, the Union army was allowed to rest in

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Beauregard, who had drawn up his lines along Bull Run. On July 18, the Union commander sent a

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with 5,000 troops to protect the army's rear. In the meantime, McDowell searched for a way to

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Fighting for the Confederacy: The Personal Recollections of General Edward Porter Alexander

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Beatie, pp. 285–88; Esposito, text for Map 21; Rafuse, "First Battle of Bull Run", p. 312.

5701:. More than 900,000 people visit the battlefield each year. As an historic area under the 5665: 5178:

Turning point of the American Civil War § Confederate victory at Bull Run (July 1861)

903:. McDowell reduced the size of his army to approximately 31,000 by dispatching Brig. Gen. 8: 12968: 12953: 12923: 12898: 12888: 12852: 12812: 12747: 12306: 12277: 11943: 11769: 11574: 11366: 11255: 11129: 10774: 10727: 10474: 10434: 10419: 10312: 10161: 9833: 9793: 9668: 9629: 9599: 9554: 9514: 9114: 9104: 8813: 8742: 8666: 8515: 8430: 8138: 7901: 5109: 5075: 2842: 2821: 2813: 2696: 2622: 2047: 1665: 1199: 1188: 988: 963: 912: 826:

On July 16, McDowell departed Washington with the largest field army yet gathered on the

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The Secret War For The Union: The Untold Story of Military Intelligence in the Civil War

5685:

The City of Manassas commemorated the 150th anniversary of the battle July 21–24, 2011.

2716:

The Confederate delaying action on Matthews Hill included a spoiling attack launched by

12958: 12943: 12878: 12787: 12757: 12752: 12742: 12723: 12658: 11832: 11789: 11685: 11420: 11290: 10816: 10801: 10682: 10640: 10612: 10449: 10414: 10261: 10221: 9738: 9708: 9698: 9574: 9569: 9549: 9544: 9524: 9274: 9177: 9094: 9042: 8965: 8874: 8185: 8168: 8133: 8077: 7592: 7409: 7347: 6492: 5758: 5670: 5161: 5101: 3076: 2984: 2976: 2938: 2919: 1806: 1685: 1203: 1169: 975: 839: 835: 591: 524: 502: 482: 474: 453: 230: 83: 69: 10394: 6528: 5104:. The perceived military incompetence at both battles led to the establishment of the 12938: 12406: 12257: 12025: 11842: 11804: 11764: 11732: 11708: 11662: 10918: 10520: 10454: 10389: 10292: 10211: 10171: 9773: 9579: 9534: 9149: 8721: 8603: 8593: 8510: 7749: 7727: 7712: 7697: 7682: 7667: 7632: 7582: 7571: 7513: 7505: 7495: 7480: 7463: 7448: 7433: 7418: 7399: 7384: 7369: 7354: 7333: 7318: 7301: 7286: 7268: 7253: 7228: 7207: 7203: 7057: 6979: 6574:"William T. Sherman's Report on His Brigade's Action at the First Battle of Bull Run" 5034: 3796: 3137: 2979:'s brigade from Heintzelman's division. But at 4 p.m., two Confederate brigades-Col. 2915: 2837:

came up in support of the disorganized Confederates around noon, accompanied by Col.

2834: 2830: 2803: 2732: 2709: 2701: 2669: 2644: 1792: 1785: 1778: 1725: 1514: 1161: 959: 908: 869: 815: 686: 561: 540: 532: 528: 389: 90:'s retreat in 1861 depicted in an engraving by William Ridgway based on a drawing by 7781: 5196:, but the Union name (Bull Run) also has widespread currency in popular literature. 883: 699: 13008: 12988: 12983: 12948: 12873: 12167: 12096: 11727: 10530: 10399: 10369: 10364: 10297: 10236: 10231: 10186: 9688: 9678: 9584: 9564: 9559: 9309: 9299: 9259: 8985: 8925: 8859: 8844: 8520: 7563: 5936: 5644: 5608: 5117: 3080: 2838: 2740: 2736: 2724: 2665: 1732: 1718: 1241: 1233: 1207: 1165: 1133: 853: 807: 486: 12734: 12518: 11970: 11891: 11604: 10893: 10742: 10635: 10515: 10510: 10505: 10495: 10464: 10374: 10317: 10307: 10266: 9294: 9264: 9084: 9000: 8990: 8980: 8975: 8910: 8900: 8869: 8783: 7892: 7846: 7798: 7794: 7601: 7542: 7530: 7430:

Encyclopedia of the American Civil War: A Political, Social, and Military History

7311: 7033: 7024: 6890: 6688: 6455: 6329: 6306: 6073: 6030: 5999: 5988: 5960: 5946: 5926: 5901: 5870: 5844: 5791: 5573: 3869: 3072: 2866: 2807: 2798: 2720: 2675: 1774: 1753: 1543: 1214: 1101: 904: 821: 787: 771: 736: 693: 637: 616: 91: 7417:. Oxford History of the United States. New York: Oxford University Press, 1988. 6045:(460 killed; 1,124 wounded; 1,312 captured/missing), according to Eicher, p. 99. 2614: 891: 12993: 12908: 11881: 10672: 10620: 10459: 10424: 10384: 10276: 10256: 10251: 10206: 9485: 9326: 9314: 7340:. The collection of maps (without explanatory text) is available online at the 6266: 5649: 5616: 5577:. It also appears in the first episode of the second season of the mini-series 5171: 3043: 1225: 1144: 1117: 1030: 775: 747: 704: 509: 225: 7807:, prepared by Army engineer, National Archives and Records Administration, at 5949:

18,572 Union men (including stragglers not on the field) and 24 guns engaged,

2948: 1816:

Abstract front field return, First Corps (Army of the Potomac), July 21, 1861.

501:, the northern public clamored for a march against the Confederate capital of 13080: 12574: 12272: 10940: 10540: 10535: 10525: 10500: 10409: 10404: 10246: 10241: 10226: 10196: 10166: 9504: 9129: 8864: 8854: 8500: 7267:. U.S. Veteran Signal Corps Association, 1896. Reprinted 1974 by Arno Press. 7242: 5636: 5208:, which eventually became the most popular symbol of the Confederacy and the 5145: 5121: 3766: 3133: 3047: 2861: 2855: 2846: 2657: 1229: 1152:

about 18,000 were actually engaged. The Union army was organized as follows:

940: 827: 759: 739:, the Confederate States capital had been moved from Montgomery to Richmond. 719: 195: 150: 137: 8706: 7523: 7141: 5804: 12182: 12152: 12147: 11409: 11386: 11376: 11371: 10908: 10850: 10762: 10737: 10650: 10630: 10429: 10327: 8940: 8849: 8839: 7834: 6980:"Message of Andrew G. Curtin, Governor of Pennsylvania, to the Legislature" 2993: 2988: 2748: 2717: 1180: 1157: 1067: 1051: 944: 932: 919:

to pass on the Confederate right (southeast) flank. Tyler was drawn into a

916: 12767: 7822:, a National Park Service Teaching with Historic Places (TwHP) lesson plan 7664:

Battle at Bull Run: A History of the First Major Campaign of the Civil War

13047:‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties 12716: 10181: 9219: 9199: 7726:. Revised and Updated Edition. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books, 2015. 7535: 7403: 5654: 2980: 1746: 682: 7337: 3839:(two 13-pounder James, two 6-pounders (old), two 12-pounder howitzers). 2882: 516:

against the equally inexperienced Confederate Army of Brigadier General

445: 11564: 10439: 10201: 9402: 9397: 8930: 5953: 5939: 5624: 3062: 2965: 490: 87: 8648: 3124:

battle, excluding missing or captured). Among the Union dead was Col.

10828: 9011: 8915: 7250:

Army of the Potomac: Birth of Command, November 1860 – September 1861

6332:, National Archives and Records Administration, World Digital Library 875: 658: 11677: 6764:"Bull Run and the Art of the Skedaddle | Historical Digression" 5500: 1160:

the largest in the army, contained four brigades, led by Brig. Gen.

357: 10833: 7877: 7867: 7804: 7724:

The First Battle of Manassas: An End to Innocence, July 18–21, 1861

6322: 5669:

The National Jubilee of Peace building at Grant and Lee avenues in

7908: 7026:

My Imprisonment and the First Year of Abolition Rule at Washington

6062:

Casualties in the Army of the Potomac (Confederate) July 21, 1861.

7917: 7445:

A Single Grand Victory: The First Campaign and Battle of Manassas

7241:

This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the

7155: 865: 714: 7851: 7568:

From Manassas to Appomattox: Memoirs of the Civil War in America

5182: 5037:

or even Lincoln—who had hoped for or counted on a quick result.

3933:

Confederate casualties at the battle of Bull Run, July 21, 1861.

11631:

List of films and television shows about the American Civil War

8297:(May–Oct): Lynchburg, Early's B&O raid, Sheridan's campaign 7711:. Osprey Campaign Series #10. London: Osprey Publishing, 1991. 5583:, in the second episode of the first season of the mini-series 3061:

after the First Battle of Bull Run, July 27, 1861, painting by

2983:'s, which had moved from the Confederate right, and Brig. Gen. 2942: 7447:. The American Crisis Series. Wilmington, DE: SR Books, 2002. 3731:

Union artillery lost in the battle of Bull Run, July 21, 1861.

2922:, serving as Bee's aide-de-camp, took command of the brigade. 2886:

Ruins of Judith Henry's house, "Spring Hill", after the battle

822:

McDowell's plan and initial movements in the Manassas Campaign

7964: 7383:. Reprinted with errata, Dayton, OH: Morninside House, 1986. 7183:"Second Manassas Battlefield" webpage. Accessed May 15, 2023. 6323:"Letter Written in Cipher on Mourning Paper by Rose Greenhow" 966:

and rush to Manassas Junction to reinforce Beauregard's men.

531:

by railroad, and the course of the battle quickly changed. A

9353: 7628:

Field medical services at the Battles of Manassas (Bull Run)

7612:. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1880–1901 7036:, London: Richard Bentley, 1863, p. 18, full text online at 6940:"U.S. Senate: Senators Witness the First Battle of Bull Run" 5172:

Confederate victory: turning point of the American Civil War

5074:, with very little standing in their way. On July 24, Prof. 5233: 12438:

Prince William County Department of Parks & Recreation

7813: 6726:

Rafuse, "First Battle of Bull Run", p. 315; Eicher, p. 98.

6624:

Rafuse, "First Battle of Bull Run", p. 313; Eicher, p. 96.

3153:

Union casualties at the battle of Bull Run, July 21, 1861.

13117:

United States Marine Corps in the 18th and 19th centuries

7873:

First Manassas Campaign with Official Records and Reports

7584:

Battles and Leaders of the Civil War: The Opening Battles

7206:. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1989. 5764:

Commemoration of the American Civil War on postage stamps

13097:

Battles of the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War

6818:

Freeman, vol. 1, p. 76; Esposito, Map 24; Davis, p. 149.

6602:

Rafuse, "First Battle of Bull Run", pp. 312–13; Rafuse,

5066: 7666:. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1977. 5561:

The First Battle of Bull Run is mentioned in the novel

2894:

Postwar house on site of Judith Henry house in Manassas

7381:

Numbers and Losses in the Civil War in America 1861–65

7315:

The Longest Night: A Military History of the Civil War

5657:

of the battle which plays a certain role in the plot.

535:

under a relatively unknown brigadier general from the

11954: 7898:

Manassas Civil War 150th Anniversary July 21–24, 2011

7624: 7578:. First published in 1896 by J. B. Lippincott and Co. 5653:, Detective Harlan Regis (Wesley Snipes) has built a 12163:

Washington & Old Dominion Railroad Regional Park

7679:

The American Journey: A History of the United States

7265:

The Signal Corps, U.S.A. in the War of the Rebellion

6790:"July 21, 1861: First Major Battle of the Civil War" 6019:

Casualties at the battle of Bull Run, July 21, 1861.

5720: 677:

forces assumed control of the military situation at

12448:

Prince William County Department of Fire and Rescue

7477:

Stonewall Jackson: The Man, The Soldier, The Legend

7368:. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1941. 6866: 6864: 6862: 6860: 6753:

McPherson, p. 344; Eicher, p. 98; Esposito, Map 24.

2975:To the west, Chinn Ridge had been occupied by Col. 2955:, painting by Sidney E. King, National Park Service 555: 523:Confederate reinforcements under Brigadier General 12771:Map of Virginia highlighting Prince William County 8649:Fairfax County, Virginia in the American Civil War 7886:Newspaper coverage of the First Battle of Bull Run 7882:. Solomon Bamberger. Zoomable high-resolution map. 7797:, photos, history articles, and battlefield news ( 7558:A compendium of the War of the Rebellion, Volume 1 7536:Professor Thaddeus Lowe's Official Report (Part I) 7049: 6374:"Battle of First Bull Run : Staff Ride Guide" 657:was the first of seven Southern States to declare 7581:Robert Underwood Johnson, Clarence Clough Buell, 7492:The Official Virginia Civil War Battlefield Guide 5749:List of costliest American Civil War land battles 5744:Troop engagements of the American Civil War, 1861 5603:of historical novels. The battle is described in 5199: 991:in Washington, to perform aerial reconnaissance. 51:First major land battle of the American Civil War 13078: 11317:Confederate States presidential election of 1861 7840:Animated history of the First Battle of Bull Run 7428:Rafuse, Ethan S. "First Battle of Bull Run." In 7396:The Civil War Day by Day: An Almanac, 1861–1865. 6857: 6171:"U.S. Senate: The Civil War: The Senate's Story" 6084: 6082: 3042:their arms and equipment, McDowell ordered Col. 13107:Prince William County in the American Civil War 13102:Confederate victories of the American Civil War 12138:Wolf Trap National Park for the Performing Arts 7462:. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1966. 6744:Rafuse, "First Battle of Bull Run", pp. 315–16. 6521:"Memory: Frederick Douglass' Black Confederate" 872:, preventing them from reinforcing Beauregard. 11141:Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the U.S. 7709:First Bull Run 1861: The South's First Victory 7549: 7391:. First published in 1901 by Houghton Mifflin. 7366:Military Ballooning during the Early Civil War 5705:, the park was administratively listed on the 13112:Battles of the American Civil War in Virginia 12685: 12373: 12067:Fairfax County Economic Development Authority 11992: 11738:Second Corps of the Army of Northern Virginia 11693: 9027: 8961:St. Mary's Church (Fairfax Station, Virginia) 8634: 7950: 7820:First Battle of Manassas: An End to Innocence 7766:Rable, George. "The Battlefield and Beyond." 7225:United States Army Center of Military History 7056:. Oxford University Press. pp. 347–350. 6606:, p. 131; Esposito, Map 22; Eicher, pp. 94–95 6079: 5780: 5778: 477:. The battle was fought on July 21, 1861, in 373: 7879:Map of the Battles of Bull Run Near Manassas 7494:. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books, 2001. 7053:The Battle Cry of Freedom: The Civil War Era 6550: 6548: 6546: 6358: 6356: 5589:and in the first episode of the mini-series 3136:. Among the Confederate casualties was Col. 860:at 8,884 effectives, augmented by Maj. Gen. 856:'s 18,000 men engaged Johnston's force (the 802:During the previous year, U.S. Army captain 7696:. El Dorado Hills, CA: Savas Beatie, 2009. 6642:Rafuse, "First Battle of Bull Run", p. 314. 6554:Rafuse, "First Battle of Bull Run", p. 312. 6285:, Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1996, pp. 59–63 5963:18,052 Confederate men and 37 guns engaged. 5688: 5529:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 3128:, the brother of President Lincoln's first 2643:Ruins of the Stone Bridge, photographed by 774:championed fellow Ohioan, 42-year-old Maj. 15: 12692: 12678: 12428:Prince William Board of County Supervisors 12380: 12366: 11999: 11985: 11700: 11686: 9034: 9020: 8641: 8627: 7957: 7943: 7814:Manassas National Battlefield Park website 7220:First Battle of Bull Run: Staff Ride Guide 6311:The National Archives – People Description 5914: 5912: 5910: 5775: 5571:. The battle forms the climax of the film 5141:called for 400,000 additional volunteers. 2810:(Battery D, 5th U.S.) from Dogan's Ridge. 2743:. One of Tyler's brigade commanders, Col. 1228:included two brigades, commanded by Cols. 497:Just months after the start of the war at 473:forces, was the first major battle of the 380: 366: 16: 12077:Fairfax County Fire and Rescue Department 8971:William Gunnell House (Fairfax, Virginia) 8799:45th New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment 8682:Battle of Fairfax Court House (June 1863) 8677:Battle of Fairfax Court House (June 1861) 7966:Eastern theater of the American Civil War 7681:. 2nd ed. New York: Prentice Hall, 1999. 7285:. Alexandria, VA: Time-Life Books, 1983. 6543: 6353: 6295: 6293: 6291: 6277: 6275: 5855: 5853: 5549:Learn how and when to remove this message 5228: 5106:Joint Committee on the Conduct of the War 2935:11th New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment 1183:of two brigades. These were led by Cols. 588:Eastern Theater of the American Civil War 485:and about thirty miles west-southwest of 13087:Fairfax County in the American Civil War 9230:Treatment of slaves in the United States 8804:16th Regiment New York Volunteer Cavalry 8794:3rd Michigan Volunteer Infantry Regiment 7915: 7835:Civil War Home website on First Bull Run 7761:The Early Morning of War: Bull Run, 1861 7524:National Park Service battle description 7479:. New York: MacMillan Publishing, 1997. 7414:Battle Cry of Freedom: The Civil War Era 7332:. New York: Frederick A. Praeger, 1959. 7317:. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2001. 7298:Donnybrook: The Battle of Bull Run, 1861 6313:. 1817–1864, (accessed February 5, 2013) 5664: 5234:Gallery: the First Bull Run hour by hour 5135: 3335:Not engaged. Guarding Blackburn's Ford. 3052: 2947: 2897: 2889: 2881: 2860: 2820: 2812: 2685: 2674: 2638: 2621: 2618:Situation at 05:30–06:00 (July 21, 1861) 2613: 1423:Second United States Cavalry, Company E 987:, which was being demonstrated by Prof. 890: 882: 874: 713: 698: 481:, just north of what is now the city of 452: 444: 24:This is an accepted version of this page 12453:Prince William County Police Department 11723:Instructor, Virginia Military Institute 10973:Sons of Union Veterans of the Civil War 9145:South Carolina Declaration of Secession 7631:. Athens: University of Georgia Press. 6371: 6065:(Official Records, Series I, Volume II 6022:(Official Records, Series I, Volume II 5907: 5893:(Official Records, Series I, Volume II 2093:Harrison's Battalion (three companies) 673:on February 8, 1861. On March 1, 1861, 14: 13079: 12458:Prince William County Sheriff's Office 12299: 12036:Baltimore–Washington metropolitan area 10958:Modern display of the Confederate flag 9041: 7904:Web Archives (archived 2011-05-05) 7805:"Map of the Battles of Bull Run, 1861" 7281:, and the Editors of Time-Life Books. 7156:"National Register Information System" 7017: 6977: 6950:from the original on September 5, 2022 6882:Official Records, Series I, Volume II 6500:from the original on November 16, 2018 6447:Official Records, Series I, Volume II 6288: 6272: 6053: 6051: 5980:Official Records, Series I, Volume II 5862:Official Records, Series I, Volume II 5850: 5836:Official Records, Series I, Volume II 5693:Part of the site of the battle is now 3118: 1198:included three brigades, led by Cols. 943:and send the divisions of Brig. Gens. 12673: 12361: 12117:Northern Virginia Chamber of Commerce 11980: 11707: 11681: 11176: 10565: 10129: 9352: 9155:President Lincoln's 75,000 volunteers 9053: 9015: 8622: 7938: 7830:1861 Report on the Battle of Bull Run 7748:Maine: American Patriot Press, 2011. 7351:Lee's Lieutenants: A Study in Command 7108:"Plan a trip and discover your story" 6978:Curtin, Andrew G. (January 8, 1862). 6485: 6252: 6250: 6181:from the original on October 13, 2020 6010: 6008: 5973: 5971: 5969: 5881: 5879: 5490: 5085:confidence" to the Union commanders. 5067:Effect on Union and subsequent events 4602: 3976: 3951: 3948: 3945: 3942: 3939: 3746: 3743: 3740: 3737: 3463:Third Division, Colonel Heintzelman: 3179: 3176: 3173: 3170: 3167: 3164: 3095: 2723:'s 1st Louisiana Special Battalion, " 2361: 2358: 2355: 2350: 2347: 2344: 1843: 1840: 1837: 1834: 1831: 1805:4th Brigade, commanded by Brig. Gen. 1798:3rd Brigade, commanded by Brig. Gen. 1784:1st Brigade, commanded by Brig. Gen. 1781:consisted of four infantry brigades: 806:set up a pro-Southern spy network in 584:President Lincoln's 75,000 volunteers 512:led his unseasoned Union Army across 387: 361: 247:Department of Northeastern Virginia: 12443:Prince William County Public Library 12433:Prince William County Public Schools 7353:. 3 vols. New York: Scribner, 1946. 7283:First Blood: Fort Sumter to Bull Run 7161:National Register of Historic Places 7148: 6584:from the original on October 9, 2020 6518: 5707:National Register of Historic Places 5567:, but is depicted more fully in its 5527:adding citations to reliable sources 5494: 2817:Attacks on Henry House Hill, 1–3 p.m 2806:(Battery I, 1st U.S. Artillery) and 969: 12654:Northern Virginia Community College 12499:National Museum of the Marine Corps 12347:Northern Virginia Community College 12178:Washington and Old Dominion Railway 12057:Fairfax County Board of Supervisors 11887:Stone Mountain Memorial half dollar 11312:Committee on the Conduct of the War 10988:United Daughters of the Confederacy 7648:from the original on March 22, 2023 7610:of the Union and Confederate Armies 7512:. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1952. 7070:from the original on March 22, 2023 6525:Dead Confederates: A Civil War Blog 6390:from the original on March 24, 2022 6048: 5660: 3318:Fourth Brigade, Colonel Richardson 2789: 48: 12766: 12700:Municipalities and communities of 12514:Manassas National Battlefield Park 12483:Prince William Chamber of Commerce 11382:U.S. Presidential Election of 1864 11177: 10721:impeachment managers investigation 9100:John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry 8779:43rd Battalion of Virginia Cavalry 7617: 7588:, New York: The Century Co., 1887. 7398:Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1971. 6800:from the original on March 1, 2022 6699:from the original on March 1, 2022 6651:Detzer, p. 357; Davis, pp. 204–05. 6247: 6005: 5966: 5876: 5695:Manassas National Battlefield Park 5599:(1999) is the first volume in the 5223:Second Battle of Bull Run/Manassas 5192:uses the Confederate name for its 3814:Second U. S. Artillery, Company D 3258:Eighteen others slightly wounded. 1759:Reserve Brigade, under Brig. Gen. 994: 580:Border states (American Civil War) 49: 13143: 10807:Reconstruction military districts 9255:Abolitionism in the United States 9210:Plantations in the American South 9125:Origins of the American Civil War 7775: 7570:. New York: Da Capo Press, 1992. 7330:West Point Atlas of American Wars 7252:. New York: Da Capo Press, 2002. 6488:"Slavery and Freedom at Bull Run" 5754:Origins of the American Civil War 3837:Second U. S. Artillery, Company E 3406:Second Brigade, Colonel Burnside 3368:Second Division, Colonel Hunter: 1217:without brigade organization and 765: 568:Origins of the American Civil War 12466: 12389: 12133:Fairfax County Government Center 12095: 12082:Fairfax County Police Department 12008: 11964: 11746: 11661: 11652: 11651: 10790:Enforcement Act of February 1871 10763:Pulaski (Tennessee) riot of 1867 8705: 8535: 8499: 7907: 7856: 7236: 6519:Hall, Andy (February 20, 2015). 6476:Eicher, p. 94; Esposito, Map 22. 5815:from the original on May 9, 2017 5739:Armies in the American Civil War 5723: 5499: 5469: 5448: 5427: 5406: 5385: 5364: 5343: 5322: 5301: 5280: 5272:Beauregard's defensive situation 5259: 5240: 3927: 3790:First U. S. Artillery, Company I 3763:First U. S. Artillery, Company G 3606:Fourth Division, General Runyon 3523:Second Brigade, Colonel Willcox 3495:First Brigade, Colonel Franklin 3263:Second Brigade, General Schenck 3036: 2609: 2604: 2136:Washington (Louisiana) Artillery 1676: 1656: 1388:Twenty-first New York Volunteers 1124: 1108: 1092: 1074: 1058: 1042: 1021: 628: 607: 556:Military and political situation 206: 188: 76: 12703:Prince William County, Virginia 12396:Prince William County, Virginia 12087:Fairfax County Sheriff's Office 11575:New York City Gold Hoax of 1864 11437:When Johnny Comes Marching Home 10998:Wilmington insurrection of 1898 8014:Potomac blockade (Oct–Jan 1862) 7460:Turning Points of the Civil War 7172: 7130: 7100: 7091: 7082: 7043: 7008: 6999: 6990: 6971: 6962: 6932: 6923: 6914: 6905: 6896: 6873: 6848: 6839: 6830: 6821: 6812: 6782: 6756: 6747: 6738: 6729: 6720: 6711: 6681: 6672: 6663: 6654: 6645: 6636: 6627: 6618: 6609: 6596: 6566: 6557: 6512: 6479: 6470: 6461: 6438: 6429: 6420: 6411: 6402: 6365: 6344: 6335: 6316: 6259: 6238: 6229: 6220: 6211: 6202: 6193: 6163: 6154: 6145: 6136: 6127: 6118: 6115:in that order. Long, pp. 23–31. 6109: 6100: 6091: 5601:James Reasoner Civil War Series 5060:Turning Points of the Civil War 3650:Second Brigade, Colonel Davies 3290:Third Brigade, Colonel Sherman 3228:First Division, General Tyler: 2242:Camp Pickens (heavy artillery) 1791:2nd Brigade, commanded by Col. 1647: 1336:Third (Heintzelman's) Division 1012: 847:Confederate Army of the Potomac 797: 598: 479:Prince William County, Virginia 291:Army of Northeastern Virginia: 13122:1861 in the American Civil War 10678:Southern Homestead Act of 1866 8936:Oak Hill (Annandale, Virginia) 8891:Clarens (Alexandria, Virginia) 8154:Garnett's & Golding's Farm 7770:53#3 (September 2007): 244–51. 7625:Cunningham, Horace H. (1968). 7040:, University of North Carolina 7038:Documenting the American South 6036: 5827: 5797: 5215: 5200:Confusion between battle flags 5128:thirteen months later, at the 3625:First Brigade Colonel Blenker 3616:Fifth Division, Colonel Miles 3550:Third Brigade, Colonel Howard 3377:First Brigade, Colonel Porter 2865:The stampede from Bull Run by 1731:4th Brigade, under Brig. Gen. 1724:3rd Brigade, under Brig. Gen. 1717:2nd Brigade, under Brig. Gen. 1710:1st Brigade, under Brig. Gen. 1634: 1406:Twenty-fifth New York Militia 962:, was able to board trains at 13: 1: 12509:Hylton Performing Arts Center 12072:Fairfax County Public Library 12062:Fairfax County Park Authority 12052:Fairfax County Public Schools 11093:Ladies' Memorial Associations 10795:Enforcement Act of April 1871 10691:Impeachment of Andrew Johnson 10566: 8896:Centreville Military Railroad 8005:Carolina coast blockade (Aug) 7990:Chesapeake blockade (May–Jun) 7189: 6486:Masur, Kate (July 27, 2011). 3235:First Brigade, Colonel Keyes 3159:Army of Northeastern Virginia 2784: 2647: 1254:ARMY OF NORTHEASTERN VIRGINIA 1149:Army of Northeastern Virginia 792:Army of Northeastern Virginia 667:Confederate States of America 550: 320: 298: 252:Army of Northeastern Virginia 12629:Dale City 4th of July Parade 12412:Washington Metropolitan Area 12211:Dulles International Airport 12031:Washington metropolitan area 11226:Confederate revolving cannon 10968:Sons of Confederate Veterans 10839:South Carolina riots of 1876 10817:Indian Council at Fort Smith 10768:South Carolina riots of 1876 10733:Knights of the White Camelia 9225:Slavery in the United States 7916:Guernsey, Alfred H. (1879). 7863:The First Battle of Bull Run 7300:. New York: Harcourt, 2004. 5639:song, "Battle of Bull Run". 5607:(1993), the first volume of 4003:First Louisiana (battalion) 3090: 2953:Capture of Ricketts' Battery 2553:Aggregate present for duty. 921:skirmish at Blackburn's Ford 457:Northeastern Virginia (1861) 7: 12173:Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center 11580:New York City riots of 1863 11405:Battle Hymn of the Republic 11156:United Confederate Veterans 10993:Children of the Confederacy 10983:United Confederate Veterans 10978:Southern Historical Society 10130: 9610:Price's Missouri Expedition 9080:Timeline leading to the War 9054: 8301:Operations against Plymouth 7866:public domain audiobook at 7550:Memoirs and primary sources 7050:James M. McPherson (1988). 6527:. WordPress. Archived from 5716: 5697:, which is designated as a 4453:Alexandria Light Artillery 3865:two 12-pounder howitzers). 3611:In reserve on the Potomac. 2912:Virginia Military Institute 2825:Union retreat, after 4 p.m. 2710:wig-wag semaphore signaling 1835:General and Staff Officers 1641:Confederate order of battle 1596:Aggregate present for duty 1353:Fourth (Runyon's) Division 1319:Second (Hunter's) Division 1213:4th Division of Brig. Gen. 1156:1st Division of Brig. Gen. 599:Opposing political leaders 537:Virginia Military Institute 312:14,000–18,000 (not engaged) 10: 13148: 12529:Prince William Forest Park 12504:Marine Corps Base Quantico 12112:Fairfax Symphony Orchestra 11853:Battle of Chancellorsville 11838:Northern Virginia Campaign 11548:Confederate Secret Service 11136:Grand Army of the Republic 11028:Grand Army of the Republic 10846:Southern Claims Commission 8697:Battle of Vienna, Virginia 8662:Battle of Blackburn's Ford 8599:Gettysburg-Newark Lowlands 7741:57#2 (June 2011): 106–120. 7181:American Battlefield Trust 5711:American Battlefield Trust 5633:The Kent Family Chronicles 5190:U.S. National Park Service 5175: 3147: 2626:Situation morning, July 21 1638: 1003: 879:Movements July 16–21, 1861 778:. Although McDowell was a 770:Secretary of the Treasury 679:Charleston, South Carolina 565: 559: 258:Department of Pennsylvania 13052: 13042: 12897: 12798:Bull Run Mountain Estates 12778: 12764: 12733: 12714: 12641: 12621: 12613:Second Battle of Bull Run 12600: 12593: 12560:Manassas Regional Airport 12547: 12491: 12475: 12464: 12420: 12402: 12329: 12317:Second Battle of Bull Run 12292: 12250: 12242:Dulles Toll Road (VA 267) 12219: 12206:Manassas Regional Airport 12198: 12191: 12125: 12104: 12093: 12044: 12021: 11936: 11861: 11813: 11788: 11755: 11744: 11728:Colonel, Virginia Militia 11715: 11647: 11623: 11536:Confederate States dollar 11508: 11450: 11395: 11347:Habeas Corpus Act of 1863 11342:Emancipation Proclamation 11304: 11236:Medal of Honor recipients 11193: 11189: 11172: 11124:Confederate Memorial Hall 11106: 11085: 11043: 11015: 11006: 10926:Confederate Memorial Hall 10899:Confederate History Month 10879:Civil War Discovery Trail 10859: 10780:Habeas Corpus Act of 1867 10611: 10586:Reconstruction Amendments 10576: 10572: 10561: 10483: 10352: 10345: 10285: 10149: 10142: 10138: 10125: 10067: 9814: 9807: 9638: 9494: 9453: 9421: 9388: 9381: 9377: 9348: 9245: 9195:Emancipation Proclamation 9163: 9064: 9060: 9049: 8883: 8832: 8788:Jeff Davis Cavalry Legion 8756: 8735: 8714: 8703: 8692:Second Battle of Bull Run 8654: 8586: 8565: 8558: 8534: 8497: 8490: 8440: 8417: 8408: 8328: 8287: 8278: 8253: 8212: 8203: 8111: 8058: 8049: 8021: 7981: 7972: 7677:Goldfield, David, et al. 7600:October 17, 2015, at the 6305:January 20, 2016, at the 6097:Ballard, p. v. (Preface). 5790:October 12, 2018, at the 5731:American Civil War portal 5709:on October 15, 1966. The 5699:National Battlefield Park 5194:national battlefield park 5183:"Bull Run" vs. "Manassas" 5130:Second Battle of Bull Run 5126:Army of Northern Virginia 4938: 4916: 4894: 4873: 4852: 4830: 4807: 4786: 4763: 4742: 4718: 4697: 4674: 4651: 4628: 4580: 4557: 4516: 4495: 4474: 4452: 4409: 4388: 4365: 4342: 4320: 4297: 4274: 4253: 4230: 4207: 4185: 4160: 4137: 4115: 4091: 4069: 4048: 4026: 4002: 3971: 3968: 3965: 3962: 3959: 3956: 3861:(two 10-pounder Parrotts, 3792:(six 10-pounder Parrots) 3771:one 30-pounder Parrott). 3757: 3754: 3751: 3649: 3624: 3618: 3615: 3608: 3605: 3549: 3522: 3494: 3471: 3465: 3462: 3405: 3376: 3370: 3367: 3317: 3289: 3262: 3234: 3227: 3204: 3199: 3196: 3193: 3190: 3187: 3184: 3002:Further map details, see: 2756:Further map details, see: 2599: 2582: 2574: 2566: 2558: 2507: 2504: 2485: 2482: 2461: 2458: 2437: 2434: 2413: 2410: 2389: 2386: 2381: 2378: 2375: 2372: 2369: 2366: 2315: 2307: 2299: 2241: 2220: 2199: 2178: 2157: 2134: 2113: 2092: 2069: 2046: 2023: 2000: 1978: 1956: 1934: 1912: 1890: 1868: 1863: 1860: 1857: 1854: 1851: 1848: 1648:Key Confederate Generals 1616: 1608: 1600: 1547: 1541: 1518: 1512: 1487: 1484: 1481: 1476: 1473: 1470: 1422: 1405: 1386: 1369: 1352: 1335: 1318: 1302:First (Tyler's) Division 1301: 1286: 1273: 1270: 1267: 1262: 1259: 735:of Confederate President 576:Western Virginia Campaign 399: 327: 284: 240: 219: 181: 97: 75: 67: 58: 12608:First Battle of Bull Run 12570:Virginia State Route 234 12312:First Battle of Bull Run 12268:Virginia Railway Express 12237:Virginia State Route 123 12015:Fairfax County, Virginia 11848:Battle of Fredericksburg 11823:First Battle of Manassas 11800:Great Train Raid of 1861 11610:U.S. Sanitary Commission 11521:Battlefield preservation 11427:Marching Through Georgia 11352:Hampton Roads Conference 11327:Confiscation Act of 1862 11322:Confiscation Act of 1861 11098:U.S. national cemeteries 10904:Confederate Memorial Day 10889:Civil War Trails Program 10758:New Orleans riot of 1866 8956:Ravensworth (plantation) 8951:Ox Hill Battlefield Park 8946:Ossian Hall (plantation) 8824:Union Army Balloon Corps 8809:First New Jersey Brigade 8687:First Battle of Bull Run 8341:Spotsylvania Court House 8066:Burnside's NC Expedition 7594:The War of the Rebellion 7510:Lincoln and His Generals 7474:Robertson, James I., Jr. 5959:August 29, 2009, at the 5925:January 1, 2009, at the 5769: 5689:Battlefield preservation 5482:Situation at 16:30–17:30 5398:Situation at 14:30–15:00 5356:Situation at 12:00–12:30 5335:Situation at 11:00–11:30 5314:Situation at 10:30–11:00 5293:Situation at 05:30–06:00 5078:ascended in the balloon 4895:Twenty-seventh Virginia 4070:Seventeenth Mississippi 2745:William Tecumseh Sherman 2114:Troops (ten) of cavalry 1752:7th Brigade, under Col. 1745:6th Brigade, under Col. 1738:5th Brigade, under Col. 1370:Fifth (Miles') Division 999: 467:Battle of First Manassas 463:First Battle of Bull Run 62:Battle of First Manassas 59:First Battle of Bull Run 31:latest accepted revision 12649:George Mason University 12337:George Mason University 12232:Springfield Interchange 11904:Stonewall Jackson's arm 11898:Stonewall Jackson's Way 11877:Winchester Headquarters 11870:Thomas Jonathan Jackson 11531:Confederate war finance 11151:Southern Cross of Honor 11119:1938 Gettysburg reunion 11114:1913 Gettysburg reunion 10812:Reconstruction Treaties 10785:Enforcement Act of 1870 10668:Freedman's Savings Bank 9285:Lane Debates on Slavery 9110:Lincoln–Douglas debates 8819:XXII Corps (Union Army) 7925:The American Cyclopædia 7891:April 29, 2011, at the 7541:March 17, 2017, at the 7023:Greenhow, Rose O'Neal, 7014:Freeman, vol. 1, p. 79. 6889:March 22, 2023, at the 6454:March 22, 2023, at the 6300:"Greenhow, Rose O'Neal" 6072:March 17, 2017, at the 6029:March 17, 2017, at the 5998:March 17, 2017, at the 5987:March 22, 2023, at the 5900:March 17, 2017, at the 5869:March 17, 2017, at the 5805:"National Park Service" 5613:The Starbuck Chronicles 5253:Situation Mid-July 1861 5206:Confederate Battle Flag 5024:George Templeton Strong 4389:Twenty-eighth Virginia 4092:Eighteenth Mississippi 4049:Thirteenth Mississippi 3890:(six 13-pounder James) 3472:Division headquarters. 3430:Five surgeons missing. 3401:Four surgeons missing. 2970:Philip St. George Cocke 2872:Illustrated London News 2706:Edward Porter Alexander 2486:First Virginia Cavalry 1740:Philip St. George Cocke 895:Battlefield of Manassas 675:Confederate States Army 105:July 21, 1861 12772: 12565:Prince William Parkway 12534:Leesylvania State Park 12227:Fairfax County Parkway 12143:Inova Fairfax Hospital 11780:Battle for Mexico City 11590:Richmond riots of 1863 11516:Baltimore riot of 1861 11296:U.S. Military Railroad 11216:Confederate Home Guard 10948:Historiographic issues 10914:Historical reenactment 9413:Revenue Cutter Service 9280:William Lloyd Garrison 9189:Dred Scott v. Sandford 8769:17th Virginia Infantry 8478:Appomattox Court House 8009:McClellan's operations 7793:July 19, 2015, at the 7692:Gottfried, Bradley M. 7364:Haydon, F. Stansbury. 7138:"manassascivilwar.org" 6604:A Single Grand Victory 5678: 5229:Additional battle maps 5098:Battle of Ball's Bluff 5055: 5039: 5019: 4917:Thirty-third Virginia 4604:ARMY OF THE SHENANDOAH 4208:Eighth South Carolina 4161:Fourth South Carolina 4138:Second South Carolina 3675:Total, Fifth Division 3578:Total, Third Division 3435:Total Second Division 3340:Total, First Division 3065: 2987:'s (commanded by Col. 2956: 2903: 2895: 2887: 2875: 2826: 2818: 2692: 2683: 2653: 2627: 2619: 2435:Brigadier-General Bee 2339:ARMY OF THE SHENANDOAH 1770:Army of the Shenandoah 1690:Army of the Shenandoah 896: 888: 880: 858:Army of the Shenandoah 723: 711: 653:On December 20, 1860, 458: 450: 279:Army of the Shenandoah 220:Commanders and leaders 12770: 12524:Old Dominion Speedway 12342:University of Fairfax 11816:battles and campaigns 11793:raids and expeditions 11775:Battle of Chapultepec 11555:Great Revival of 1863 11432:Maryland, My Maryland 11221:Confederate railroads 10884:Civil War Roundtables 10753:Meridian riot of 1871 10748:Memphis riots of 1866 9305:George Luther Stearns 9290:Elijah Parish Lovejoy 9183:Crittenden Compromise 8764:8th Virginia Infantry 8672:Battle of Dranesville 7912:Texts on Wikisource: 7845:June 3, 2011, at the 7809:World Digital Library 7606:a Compilation of the 7591:U.S. War Department, 7560:, 1908, Des Moines IA 7379:Livermore, Thomas L. 7328:Esposito, Vincent J. 7166:National Park Service 7032:May 20, 2013, at the 6328:June 5, 2013, at the 6208:Long, pp. 60, 70, 76. 5843:July 1, 2020, at the 5785:National Park Service 5703:National Park Service 5668: 5631:, the fifth novel in 5592:The Blue and the Gray 5176:Further information: 5156:, Adjutant-General." 5136:Effect on Confederacy 5091:11,000 Pennsylvanians 5050: 5030: 5015: 4764:Sixth North Carolina 4743:Eleventh Mississippi 4410:Forty-ninth Virginia 4321:Seventeenth Virginia 4186:Fifth South Carolina 4116:Fifth North Carolina 3883:One 10-pounder saved 3863:two 6-pounders (old), 3854:Two 6-pounders saved 3070:Confederate President 3059:69th (Irish) Regiment 3056: 2962:4th Virginia Infantry 2951: 2901: 2893: 2885: 2864: 2824: 2816: 2697:Nathan "Shanks" Evans 2689: 2678: 2662:demonstration attacks 2642: 2625: 2617: 2483:Col. J. E. B. Stuart 1639:Further information: 1224:5th Division of Col. 1196:Samuel P. Heintzelman 1194:3rd Division of Col. 1179:2nd Division of Col. 1084:Samuel P. Heintzelman 1006:Union order of battle 1004:Further information: 949:Samuel P. Heintzelman 894: 886: 878: 717: 702: 572:Battle of Fort Sumter 566:Further information: 533:brigade of Virginians 456: 448: 328:Casualties and losses 126:Prince William County 13065:United States portal 12158:Tysons Corner Center 11757:Mexican–American War 11442:Daar kom die Alibama 11357:National Union Party 11033:memorials to Lincoln 10953:Lost Cause mythology 10658:Eufaula riot of 1874 10646:Confederate refugees 9859:District of Columbia 9486:Union naval blockade 9332:Underground Railroad 9120:Nullification crisis 8921:Huntley (plantation) 8906:Fort Lyon (Virginia) 8774:1st Virginia Cavalry 8743:Burke's Station Raid 8220:Tidewater operations 8102:Goldsboro Expedition 7759:Longacre, Edward G. 7556:Dyer, Frederick H., 7529:May 9, 2017, at the 7197:Alexander, Edward P. 6996:Eicher, pp. 100–101. 6984:Executive Department 6880:Further information: 6845:Detzer, pp. 434–435. 6794:Thehistoryreader.com 6689:"Battle Of Bull Run" 6445:Further information: 6058:Further information: 6015:Further information: 5978:Further information: 5945:May 9, 2008, at the 5935:, adjutant generals 5932:The Century Magazine 5886:Further information: 5860:Further information: 5834:Further information: 5586:How the West Was Won 5523:improve this section 5164:has argued that the 4366:Nineteenth Virginia 4343:Eighteenth Virginia 3888:Rhode Island Battery 3859:Fifth S. Artillery , 2851:Pattern 1853 Enfield 2508:Virginia Volunteers 2505:Col. A. C. Cummings 1761:Theophilus H. Holmes 1712:Milledge Luke Bonham 1174:Israel B. Richardson 956:Israel B. Richardson 862:Theophilus H. Holmes 812:Rose O'Neal Greenhow 707:, General in Chief, 12307:Battle of Chantilly 12278:Fredericksburg Line 11770:Battle of Contreras 11600:Supreme Court cases 11367:Radical Republicans 11146:Old soldiers' homes 11130:Confederate Veteran 11056:artworks in Capitol 10775:Reconstruction acts 10636:Colfax riot of 1873 9600:Richmond-Petersburg 9205:Fugitive slave laws 9135:Popular sovereignty 9115:Missouri Compromise 9105:Kansas-Nebraska Act 8996:Bailey's Crossroads 8814:2nd Vermont Brigade 8667:Battle of Chantilly 7902:Library of Congress 7410:McPherson, James M. 7348:Freeman, Douglas S. 7263:Brown, J. Willard. 7005:Detzer, pp. 492–93. 6929:Haydon, pp. 192–93. 6836:Ballard, pp. 35–36. 6770:on February 1, 2019 6426:Eicher, pp. 91–100. 6341:Davis, pp. 110–111. 5110:George B. McClellan 5076:Thaddeus S. C. Lowe 5058:— James A. Rawley, 4964:Total Second Corps 4719:Second Mississippi 4558:Thirtieth Virginia 3978:ARMY OF THE POTOMAC 3774:Lieutenant Edwards 3161: 3119:Detailed casualties 2345:Commanding officer 2341: 2071:Thirteenth Virginia 1828: 1826:ARMY OF THE POTOMAC 1704:Army of the Potomac 1670:Army of the Potomac 1666:P. G. T. Beauregard 1597: 1471:Commanding officer 1467: 1465:PATTERSON'S COMMAND 1256: 1200:William B. Franklin 1189:Ambrose E. Burnside 1013:Key Union Generals 989:Thaddeus S. C. Lowe 935:'s division at the 671:Montgomery, Alabama 518:P. G. T. Beauregard 404:Fairfax Court House 306:Patterson's Command 274:Army of the Potomac 265:Patterson's Command 235:P. G. T. Beauregard 151:38.8150°N 77.5225°W 147: / 21:Page version status 12773: 12659:Strayer University 11833:Seven Days Battles 11814:American Civil War 11790:American Civil War 11421:A Lincoln Portrait 11362:Politicians killed 11286:U.S. Balloon Corps 11281:Union corps badges 11061:memorials to Davis 10931:Disenfranchisement 10802:Reconstruction era 10683:Timber Culture Act 10641:Compromise of 1877 9605:Franklin–Nashville 9275:Frederick Douglass 9178:Cornerstone Speech 9095:Compromise of 1850 9043:American Civil War 8875:Edwin H. Stoughton 8396:Boydton Plank Road 8134:Seven Days Battles 7852:FirstBullRun.co.uk 7782:Battle of Bull Run 7722:Hennessy, John J. 7506:Williams, T. Harry 7342:West Point website 7248:Beatie, Russel H. 7223:. Washington, DC: 7097:McPherson, p. 342. 6920:Rawley, pp. 56–57. 6660:Robertson, p. 264. 6493:The New York Times 6281:Fishel, Edwin C., 6160:Long, pp. 59, 706. 5759:Bull Run Mountains 5679: 5491:In popular culture 5461:Situation at 16:00 5440:Situation at 15:30 5419:Situation at 15:00 5377:Situation at 13:00 5162:James M. McPherson 5102:Leesburg, Virginia 4939:Total First Corps 4027:Seventh Louisiana 3785:20-pounders saved 3157: 3096:Brief observations 3077:Milledge L. Bonham 3066: 2985:Edmund Kirby Smith 2977:Oliver Otis Howard 2957: 2920:States Rights Gist 2904: 2902:Judith Henry grave 2896: 2888: 2876: 2827: 2819: 2693: 2684: 2681:Sudley Spring Ford 2654: 2628: 2620: 2411:Col. F. S. Bartow 2337: 1824: 1807:Edmund Kirby Smith 1686:Joseph E. Johnston 1595: 1463: 1252: 1204:Orlando B. Willcox 1170:William T. Sherman 941:Warrenton Turnpike 897: 889: 881: 840:Rappahannock River 733:Richmond, Virginia 724: 712: 592:American Civil War 525:Joseph E. Johnston 503:Richmond, Virginia 475:American Civil War 459: 451: 231:Joseph E. Johnston 214:Confederate States 86:bridge during the 84:Manassas, Virginia 70:American Civil War 27: 13092:Manassas campaign 13074: 13073: 12667: 12666: 12637: 12636: 12407:Northern Virginia 12355: 12354: 12325: 12324: 12288: 12287: 12258:Fairfax Connector 12026:Northern Virginia 11952: 11951: 11927:Stonewall Jackson 11843:Maryland Campaign 11805:Romney Expedition 11765:Siege of Veracruz 11733:Stonewall Brigade 11709:Stonewall Jackson 11675: 11674: 11643: 11642: 11639: 11638: 11473:Italian Americans 11458:African Americans 11415:John Brown's Body 11168: 11167: 11164: 11163: 11081: 11080: 10919:Robert E. Lee Day 10663:Freedmen's Bureau 10626:Brooks–Baxter War 10557: 10556: 10553: 10552: 10549: 10548: 10341: 10340: 10121: 10120: 10117: 10116: 10113: 10112: 9530:Northern Virginia 9476:Trans-Mississippi 9449: 9448: 9344: 9343: 9340: 9339: 9236:Uncle Tom's Cabin 9173:African Americans 9009: 9008: 8722:Bog Wallow Ambush 8616: 8615: 8612: 8611: 8604:Shenandoah Valley 8594:Cumberland Valley 8554: 8553: 8546:Northern Virginia 8486: 8485: 8404: 8403: 8356:Trevilian Station 8274: 8273: 8199: 8198: 8084:Northern Virginia 8045: 8044: 7768:Civil War History 7754:978-1-61364-129-3 7739:Civil War History 7732:978-0-8117-1591-1 7707:Hankinson, Alan. 7702:978-1-932714-60-9 7661:Davis, William C. 7564:Longstreet, James 7458:Rawley, James A. 7443:Rafuse, Ethan S. 7306:978-0-15-603143-1 7279:Davis, William C. 7233:978-0-16-068078-6 7204:Gary W. Gallagher 7168:. March 13, 2009. 6796:. July 21, 2011. 6580:. July 20, 2015. 6362:Livermore, p. 77. 6199:Long, p. 69, 706. 5564:Gods and Generals 5559: 5558: 5551: 5013: 5012: 4517:Washington (La.) 4275:Seventh Virginia 3925: 3924: 3842:Captain Carlisle 3728: 3727: 3138:Francis S. Bartow 3030:Additional Map 12 3024:Additional Map 11 3018:Additional Map 10 2831:Thomas J. Jackson 2804:James B. Ricketts 2733:Francis S. Bartow 2702:Robert C. Schenck 2645:George N. Barnard 2597: 2596: 2551: 2550: 2351:PRESENT FOR DUTY 2330: 2329: 2288: 2287: 2221:Shield's battery 2179:Latham's battery 2158:Kemper's battery 2002:Seventh Louisiana 1793:Francis S. Bartow 1786:Thomas J. Jackson 1698: 1697: 1632: 1631: 1593: 1592: 1515:George Cadwalader 1477:Present for duty 1456: 1455: 1162:Robert C. Schenck 1142: 1141: 970:Prelude to battle 960:Stonewall Jackson 915:under Brig. Gen. 887:Situation July 18 870:Shenandoah Valley 868:of 1,465) in the 816:P.G.T. Beauregard 752:Mississippi River 728:75,000 volunteers 687:Charleston Harbor 651: 650: 562:Manassas Campaign 541:Thomas J. Jackson 529:Shenandoah Valley 527:arrived from the 507:Brigadier General 442: 441: 391:Manassas campaign 356: 355: 177: 176: 156:38.8150; -77.5225 18: 13139: 13132:July 1861 events 13127:1861 in Virginia 13066: 13059: 12823:Independent Hill 12769: 12726: 12719: 12709: 12704: 12694: 12687: 12680: 12671: 12670: 12598: 12597: 12470: 12394: 12393: 12392: 12382: 12375: 12368: 12359: 12358: 12297: 12296: 12196: 12195: 12168:Great Falls Park 12099: 12013: 12012: 12011: 12001: 11994: 11987: 11978: 11977: 11969: 11968: 11967: 11960: 11750: 11702: 11695: 11688: 11679: 11678: 11665: 11655: 11654: 11478:Native Americans 11463:German Americans 11256:Partisan rangers 11251:Official Records 11191: 11190: 11174: 11173: 11066:memorials to Lee 11013: 11012: 10574: 10573: 10563: 10562: 10350: 10349: 10147: 10146: 10140: 10139: 10127: 10126: 10100:Washington, D.C. 9894:Indian Territory 9854:Dakota Territory 9812: 9811: 9729:Chancellorsville 9520:Jackson's Valley 9510:Blockade runners 9386: 9385: 9379: 9378: 9350: 9349: 9310:Thaddeus Stevens 9300:Lysander Spooner 9260:Susan B. Anthony 9062: 9061: 9051: 9050: 9036: 9029: 9022: 9013: 9012: 8860:John Quincy Marr 8845:Michael Corcoran 8709: 8643: 8636: 8629: 8620: 8619: 8563: 8562: 8539: 8504: 8503: 8495: 8494: 8415: 8414: 8295:Valley campaigns 8285: 8284: 8261:Chancellorsville 8226:Chancellorsville 8210: 8209: 8159:Savage's Station 8144:Beaver Dam Creek 8072:Jackson's Valley 8056: 8055: 7994:Western Virginia 7979: 7978: 7959: 7952: 7945: 7936: 7935: 7929: 7921: 7919:"Bull Run" 7911: 7860: 7859: 7744:Hines, Blaikie. 7657: 7655: 7653: 7647: 7608:Official Records 7586:, Volume 1 (Pdf) 7490:Salmon, John S. 7344:. Praeger, 1959. 7312:Eicher, David J. 7240: 7239: 7184: 7176: 7170: 7169: 7152: 7146: 7145: 7140:. Archived from 7134: 7128: 7127: 7125: 7123: 7118:on July 17, 2011 7114:. 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Archived from 6760: 6754: 6751: 6745: 6742: 6736: 6733: 6727: 6724: 6718: 6715: 6709: 6708: 6706: 6704: 6685: 6679: 6676: 6670: 6667: 6661: 6658: 6652: 6649: 6643: 6640: 6634: 6631: 6625: 6622: 6616: 6613: 6607: 6600: 6594: 6593: 6591: 6589: 6578:Ironbrigader.com 6570: 6564: 6561: 6555: 6552: 6541: 6540: 6538: 6536: 6531:on March 9, 2016 6516: 6510: 6509: 6507: 6505: 6483: 6477: 6474: 6468: 6465: 6459: 6442: 6436: 6433: 6427: 6424: 6418: 6415: 6409: 6406: 6400: 6399: 6397: 6395: 6389: 6381:History.army.mil 6378: 6369: 6363: 6360: 6351: 6348: 6342: 6339: 6333: 6320: 6314: 6297: 6286: 6279: 6270: 6263: 6257: 6254: 6245: 6244:Long, pp. 94–95. 6242: 6236: 6233: 6227: 6226:Long, pp. 69–70. 6224: 6218: 6215: 6209: 6206: 6200: 6197: 6191: 6190: 6188: 6186: 6167: 6161: 6158: 6152: 6149: 6143: 6142:Long, pp. 56–57. 6140: 6134: 6131: 6125: 6122: 6116: 6113: 6107: 6106:Long, pp. 12–13. 6104: 6098: 6095: 6089: 6086: 6077: 6055: 6046: 6040: 6034: 6012: 6003: 5975: 5964: 5916: 5905: 5883: 5874: 5857: 5848: 5831: 5825: 5824: 5822: 5820: 5801: 5795: 5782: 5733: 5728: 5727: 5726: 5661:Sesquicentennial 5645:The Decemberists 5609:Bernard Cornwell 5554: 5547: 5543: 5540: 5534: 5503: 5495: 5473: 5452: 5431: 5410: 5389: 5368: 5347: 5326: 5305: 5284: 5263: 5244: 5118:Army of Virginia 5062: 5046: 5042:— David Detzer, 5026: 5022:— Union diarist 4831:Fourth Virginia 4808:Second Virginia 4787:Third Tennessee 4652:Seventh Georgia 4298:Eighth Virginia 3937: 3936: 3765:(two 20-pounder 3735: 3734: 3162: 3156: 3130:Secretary of War 3114: 3113: 3109: 3106: 3081:James Longstreet 3012:Additional Map 9 3006:Additional Map 8 2931:William F. Barry 2843:Hampton's Legion 2835:Virginia Brigade 2790:Henry House Hill 2778:Additional Map 7 2772:Additional Map 6 2766:Additional Map 5 2760:Additional Map 4 2741:Henry House Hill 2737:Ambrose Burnside 2679:U.S. cavalry at 2666:Richard S. Ewell 2652: 2649: 2556: 2555: 2387:Colonel Jackson 2342: 2336: 2290: 2289: 2200:Loudoun Battery 2048:Hampton's Legion 2025:Eighth Louisiana 1829: 1823: 1733:James Longstreet 1719:Richard S. Ewell 1680: 1660: 1645: 1644: 1598: 1594: 1548:Second division 1468: 1462: 1257: 1251: 1242:Robert Patterson 1234:Thomas A. Davies 1208:Oliver O. Howard 1166:Erasmus D. Keyes 1134:Robert Patterson 1128: 1112: 1096: 1078: 1062: 1046: 1025: 1010: 1009: 964:Piedmont Station 854:Robert Patterson 808:Washington, D.C. 744:Washington, D.C. 632: 611: 596: 595: 487:Washington, D.C. 429:Blackburn's Ford 394: 392: 382: 375: 368: 359: 358: 322: 300: 212: 210: 209: 194: 192: 191: 162: 161: 159: 158: 157: 152: 148: 145: 144: 143: 140: 112: 110: 99: 98: 80: 63: 56: 55: 39:4 September 2024 13147: 13146: 13142: 13141: 13140: 13138: 13137: 13136: 13077: 13076: 13075: 13070: 13064: 13058:Virginia portal 13057: 13048: 13038: 12900: 12893: 12774: 12762: 12729: 12724: 12717: 12710: 12707: 12702: 12698: 12668: 12663: 12633: 12617: 12589: 12543: 12519:Jiffy Lube Live 12487: 12471: 12462: 12416: 12398: 12390: 12388: 12386: 12356: 12351: 12321: 12284: 12246: 12215: 12187: 12121: 12100: 12091: 12040: 12017: 12009: 12007: 12005: 11975: 11965: 11963: 11955: 11953: 11948: 11944:Lee–Jackson Day 11932: 11892:Monument Avenue 11857: 11828:Valley Campaign 11815: 11809: 11792: 11784: 11751: 11742: 11711: 11706: 11676: 11671: 11635: 11619: 11504: 11468:Irish Americans 11446: 11391: 11300: 11291:U.S. Home Guard 11231:Field artillery 11185: 11184: 11160: 11102: 11077: 11039: 11008: 11002: 10894:Civil War Trust 10861: 10855: 10743:Ethnic violence 10728:Kirk–Holden war 10607: 10568: 10545: 10479: 10337: 10281: 10134: 10109: 10063: 9816: 9803: 9634: 9615:Sherman's March 9595:Bermuda Hundred 9490: 9445: 9417: 9373: 9372: 9336: 9295:J. Sella Martin 9265:James G. Birney 9241: 9159: 9085:Bleeding Kansas 9073: 9056: 9045: 9040: 9010: 9005: 9001:Wolf Run Shoals 8966:Taylor's Tavern 8911:Fort Marcy Park 8901:Colvin Run Mill 8879: 8870:Laura Ratcliffe 8828: 8784:Georgia Hussars 8752: 8731: 8710: 8701: 8650: 8647: 8617: 8608: 8582: 8550: 8530: 8498: 8482: 8448:2nd Fort Fisher 8436: 8400: 8371:2nd Deep Bottom 8324: 8307:Bermuda Hundred 8270: 8249: 8195: 8164:White Oak Swamp 8107: 8041: 8017: 7968: 7963: 7893:Wayback Machine 7857: 7847:Wayback Machine 7828:Harper's Weekly 7799:Civil War Trust 7795:Wayback Machine 7778: 7773: 7651: 7649: 7645: 7639: 7620: 7618:Further reading 7615: 7602:Wayback Machine 7552: 7547: 7543:Wayback Machine 7531:Wayback Machine 7296:Detzer, David. 7237: 7192: 7187: 7177: 7173: 7154: 7153: 7149: 7144:on May 5, 2011. 7136: 7135: 7131: 7121: 7119: 7106: 7105: 7101: 7096: 7092: 7087: 7083: 7073: 7071: 7064: 7048: 7044: 7034:Wayback Machine 7022: 7018: 7013: 7009: 7004: 7000: 6995: 6991: 6976: 6972: 6967: 6963: 6953: 6951: 6938: 6937: 6933: 6928: 6924: 6919: 6915: 6911:Detzer, p. 488. 6910: 6906: 6902:Eicher, p. 100. 6901: 6897: 6891:Wayback Machine 6878: 6874: 6870:Ballard, p. 36. 6869: 6858: 6854:Detzer, p. 383. 6853: 6849: 6844: 6840: 6835: 6831: 6827:Ballard, p. 35. 6826: 6822: 6817: 6813: 6803: 6801: 6788: 6787: 6783: 6773: 6771: 6762: 6761: 6757: 6752: 6748: 6743: 6739: 6735:Ballard, p. 32. 6734: 6730: 6725: 6721: 6716: 6712: 6702: 6700: 6687: 6686: 6682: 6677: 6673: 6668: 6664: 6659: 6655: 6650: 6646: 6641: 6637: 6632: 6628: 6623: 6619: 6614: 6610: 6601: 6597: 6587: 6585: 6572: 6571: 6567: 6562: 6558: 6553: 6544: 6534: 6532: 6517: 6513: 6503: 6501: 6484: 6480: 6475: 6471: 6466: 6462: 6456:Wayback Machine 6443: 6439: 6434: 6430: 6425: 6421: 6417:Ballard, p. 10. 6416: 6412: 6407: 6403: 6393: 6391: 6387: 6376: 6370: 6366: 6361: 6354: 6349: 6345: 6340: 6336: 6330:Wayback Machine 6321: 6317: 6309:, (1817–1864), 6307:Wayback Machine 6298: 6289: 6280: 6273: 6264: 6260: 6255: 6248: 6243: 6239: 6234: 6230: 6225: 6221: 6216: 6212: 6207: 6203: 6198: 6194: 6184: 6182: 6169: 6168: 6164: 6159: 6155: 6150: 6146: 6141: 6137: 6132: 6128: 6123: 6119: 6114: 6110: 6105: 6101: 6096: 6092: 6087: 6080: 6074:Wayback Machine 6056: 6049: 6041: 6037: 6031:Wayback Machine 6013: 6006: 6000:Wayback Machine 5989:Wayback Machine 5976: 5967: 5961:Wayback Machine 5947:Wayback Machine 5927:Wayback Machine 5917: 5908: 5902:Wayback Machine 5884: 5877: 5871:Wayback Machine 5858: 5851: 5845:Wayback Machine 5832: 5828: 5818: 5816: 5803: 5802: 5798: 5792:Wayback Machine 5783: 5776: 5772: 5729: 5724: 5722: 5719: 5691: 5663: 5580:North and South 5569:film adaptation 5555: 5544: 5538: 5535: 5520: 5504: 5493: 5486: 5485:(July 21, 1861) 5484: 5480: 5474: 5465: 5464:(July 21, 1861) 5463: 5459: 5453: 5444: 5443:(July 21, 1861) 5442: 5438: 5432: 5423: 5422:(July 21, 1861) 5421: 5417: 5411: 5402: 5401:(July 21, 1861) 5400: 5396: 5390: 5381: 5380:(July 21, 1861) 5379: 5375: 5369: 5360: 5359:(July 21, 1861) 5358: 5354: 5348: 5339: 5338:(July 21, 1861) 5337: 5333: 5327: 5318: 5317:(July 21, 1861) 5316: 5312: 5306: 5297: 5296:(July 21, 1861) 5295: 5291: 5285: 5276: 5275:(Mid-July 1861) 5274: 5270: 5264: 5255: 5251: 5245: 5236: 5231: 5218: 5202: 5185: 5180: 5174: 5166:esprit de corps 5150:Valley Campaign 5138: 5069: 5064: 5057: 5048: 5041: 5028: 5021: 4874:Tenth Virginia 4853:Fifth Virginia 4698:First Maryland 4675:Eighth Georgia 4629:Fourth Alabama 4254:First Virginia 4231:Hampton Legion 3930: 3889: 3864: 3862: 3860: 3838: 3791: 3770: 3764: 3150: 3121: 3111: 3107: 3104: 3102: 3098: 3093: 3073:Jefferson Davis 3039: 2867:Frank Vizetelly 2808:Charles Griffin 2799:John D. Imboden 2792: 2787: 2721:Roberdeau Wheat 2650: 2612: 2607: 2602: 2462:Fourth brigade 2414:Second brigade 1935:Fourth Brigade 1891:Second Brigade 1775:J. E. B. Stuart 1754:Nathan G. Evans 1692: 1684: 1681: 1672: 1664: 1661: 1643: 1637: 1544:William H. Keim 1519:First division 1513:Bvt. Maj. Gen. 1215:Theodore Runyon 1136: 1132: 1129: 1120: 1116: 1113: 1104: 1102:Theodore Runyon 1100: 1097: 1086: 1082: 1079: 1070: 1066: 1063: 1054: 1050: 1047: 1038: 1029: 1026: 1008: 1002: 997: 995:Opposing forces 972: 905:Theodore Runyon 824: 800: 788:Abraham Lincoln 772:Salmon P. Chase 768: 737:Jefferson Davis 694:Abraham Lincoln 669:was adopted in 645: 641: 638:Jefferson Davis 636: 633: 624: 620: 617:Abraham Lincoln 615: 612: 594: 564: 558: 553: 449:Virginia (1861) 443: 438: 409:Arlington Mills 395: 390: 388: 386: 351: 349: 347: 340: 338: 336: 323:18,000 engaged) 318: 301:18,000 engaged) 296: 276: 233: 207: 205: 189: 187: 155: 153: 149: 146: 141: 138: 136: 134: 133: 132: 108: 106: 92:F. O. C. Darley 81: 61: 60: 52: 47: 46: 45: 44: 43: 42: 26: 12: 11: 5: 13145: 13135: 13134: 13129: 13124: 13119: 13114: 13109: 13104: 13099: 13094: 13089: 13072: 13071: 13069: 13068: 13061: 13053: 13050: 13049: 13046: 13044: 13040: 13039: 13037: 13036: 13031: 13026: 13021: 13019:Sudley Springs 13016: 13011: 13006: 13001: 12996: 12991: 12986: 12981: 12976: 12971: 12966: 12961: 12956: 12951: 12946: 12941: 12936: 12931: 12926: 12921: 12916: 12911: 12905: 12903: 12899:Unincorporated 12895: 12894: 12892: 12891: 12886: 12881: 12876: 12871: 12865: 12860: 12855: 12850: 12845: 12840: 12835: 12830: 12825: 12820: 12815: 12810: 12805: 12800: 12795: 12790: 12784: 12782: 12776: 12775: 12765: 12763: 12761: 12760: 12755: 12750: 12745: 12739: 12737: 12731: 12730: 12715: 12712: 12711: 12697: 12696: 12689: 12682: 12674: 12665: 12664: 12662: 12661: 12656: 12651: 12645: 12643: 12639: 12638: 12635: 12634: 12632: 12631: 12625: 12623: 12619: 12618: 12616: 12615: 12610: 12604: 12602: 12595: 12591: 12590: 12588: 12587: 12582: 12577: 12572: 12567: 12562: 12557: 12551: 12549: 12548:Transportation 12545: 12544: 12542: 12541: 12536: 12531: 12526: 12521: 12516: 12511: 12506: 12501: 12495: 12493: 12489: 12488: 12486: 12485: 12479: 12477: 12473: 12472: 12465: 12463: 12461: 12460: 12455: 12450: 12445: 12440: 12435: 12430: 12424: 12422: 12421:Administration 12418: 12417: 12415: 12414: 12409: 12403: 12400: 12399: 12385: 12384: 12377: 12370: 12362: 12353: 12352: 12350: 12349: 12344: 12339: 12333: 12331: 12327: 12326: 12323: 12322: 12320: 12319: 12314: 12309: 12303: 12301: 12294: 12290: 12289: 12286: 12285: 12283: 12282: 12281: 12280: 12275: 12265: 12260: 12254: 12252: 12248: 12247: 12245: 12244: 12239: 12234: 12229: 12223: 12221: 12217: 12216: 12214: 12213: 12208: 12202: 12200: 12193: 12192:Transportation 12189: 12188: 12186: 12185: 12180: 12175: 12170: 12165: 12160: 12155: 12150: 12145: 12140: 12135: 12129: 12127: 12123: 12122: 12120: 12119: 12114: 12108: 12106: 12102: 12101: 12094: 12092: 12090: 12089: 12084: 12079: 12074: 12069: 12064: 12059: 12054: 12048: 12046: 12045:Administration 12042: 12041: 12039: 12038: 12033: 12028: 12022: 12019: 12018: 12004: 12003: 11996: 11989: 11981: 11974: 11973: 11950: 11949: 11947: 11946: 11940: 11938: 11934: 11933: 11931: 11930: 11922: 11914: 11906: 11901: 11894: 11889: 11884: 11882:Stone Mountain 11879: 11874: 11865: 11863: 11862:Historic items 11859: 11858: 11856: 11855: 11850: 11845: 11840: 11835: 11830: 11825: 11819: 11817: 11811: 11810: 11808: 11807: 11802: 11796: 11794: 11786: 11785: 11783: 11782: 11777: 11772: 11767: 11761: 11759: 11753: 11752: 11745: 11743: 11741: 11740: 11735: 11730: 11725: 11719: 11717: 11713: 11712: 11705: 11704: 11697: 11690: 11682: 11673: 11672: 11670: 11669: 11659: 11648: 11645: 11644: 11641: 11640: 11637: 11636: 11634: 11633: 11627: 11625: 11621: 11620: 11618: 11617: 11615:Women soldiers 11612: 11607: 11602: 11597: 11592: 11587: 11582: 11577: 11572: 11570:Naming the war 11567: 11562: 11557: 11552: 11551: 11550: 11540: 11539: 11538: 11528: 11523: 11518: 11512: 11510: 11506: 11505: 11503: 11502: 11501: 11500: 11495: 11490: 11485: 11475: 11470: 11465: 11460: 11454: 11452: 11448: 11447: 11445: 11444: 11439: 11434: 11429: 11424: 11417: 11412: 11407: 11401: 11399: 11393: 11392: 11390: 11389: 11384: 11379: 11374: 11369: 11364: 11359: 11354: 11349: 11344: 11339: 11334: 11329: 11324: 11319: 11314: 11308: 11306: 11302: 11301: 11299: 11298: 11293: 11288: 11283: 11278: 11273: 11268: 11263: 11258: 11253: 11248: 11243: 11238: 11233: 11228: 11223: 11218: 11213: 11208: 11206:Campaign Medal 11203: 11197: 11195: 11187: 11186: 11183: 11182: 11181:Related topics 11178: 11170: 11169: 11166: 11165: 11162: 11161: 11159: 11158: 11153: 11148: 11143: 11138: 11133: 11126: 11121: 11116: 11110: 11108: 11104: 11103: 11101: 11100: 11095: 11089: 11087: 11083: 11082: 11079: 11078: 11076: 11075: 11070: 11069: 11068: 11063: 11058: 11047: 11045: 11041: 11040: 11038: 11037: 11036: 11035: 11030: 11019: 11017: 11010: 11004: 11003: 11001: 11000: 10995: 10990: 10985: 10980: 10975: 10970: 10965: 10960: 10955: 10950: 10945: 10944: 10943: 10938: 10928: 10923: 10922: 10921: 10916: 10911: 10909:Decoration Day 10906: 10901: 10896: 10891: 10886: 10881: 10876: 10865: 10863: 10862:Reconstruction 10857: 10856: 10854: 10853: 10848: 10843: 10842: 10841: 10831: 10826: 10821: 10820: 10819: 10809: 10804: 10799: 10798: 10797: 10792: 10787: 10782: 10772: 10771: 10770: 10765: 10760: 10755: 10750: 10740: 10735: 10730: 10725: 10724: 10723: 10718: 10716:second inquiry 10713: 10708: 10703: 10698: 10688: 10687: 10686: 10680: 10673:Homestead Acts 10670: 10665: 10660: 10655: 10654: 10653: 10643: 10638: 10633: 10628: 10623: 10621:Alabama Claims 10617: 10615: 10613:Reconstruction 10609: 10608: 10606: 10605: 10604: 10603: 10601:15th Amendment 10598: 10596:14th Amendment 10593: 10591:13th Amendment 10582: 10580: 10570: 10569: 10559: 10558: 10555: 10554: 10551: 10550: 10547: 10546: 10544: 10543: 10538: 10533: 10528: 10523: 10518: 10513: 10508: 10503: 10498: 10493: 10487: 10485: 10481: 10480: 10478: 10477: 10472: 10467: 10462: 10457: 10452: 10447: 10442: 10437: 10432: 10427: 10422: 10417: 10412: 10407: 10402: 10397: 10392: 10387: 10382: 10377: 10372: 10367: 10362: 10356: 10354: 10347: 10343: 10342: 10339: 10338: 10336: 10335: 10330: 10325: 10320: 10315: 10310: 10305: 10300: 10295: 10289: 10287: 10283: 10282: 10280: 10279: 10274: 10269: 10264: 10259: 10254: 10249: 10244: 10239: 10234: 10229: 10224: 10222:J. E. Johnston 10219: 10217:A. S. Johnston 10214: 10209: 10204: 10199: 10194: 10189: 10184: 10179: 10174: 10169: 10164: 10159: 10157:R. H. Anderson 10153: 10151: 10144: 10136: 10135: 10123: 10122: 10119: 10118: 10115: 10114: 10111: 10110: 10108: 10107: 10102: 10097: 10092: 10087: 10082: 10077: 10071: 10069: 10065: 10064: 10062: 10061: 10056: 10051: 10046: 10041: 10036: 10031: 10026: 10021: 10019:South Carolina 10016: 10011: 10006: 10001: 9996: 9994:North Carolina 9991: 9986: 9981: 9976: 9971: 9966: 9961: 9956: 9951: 9946: 9941: 9936: 9931: 9926: 9921: 9916: 9911: 9906: 9901: 9896: 9891: 9886: 9881: 9876: 9871: 9866: 9861: 9856: 9851: 9846: 9841: 9836: 9831: 9826: 9820: 9818: 9809: 9805: 9804: 9802: 9801: 9796: 9791: 9786: 9781: 9776: 9771: 9766: 9761: 9756: 9751: 9746: 9741: 9736: 9731: 9726: 9721: 9719:Fredericksburg 9716: 9711: 9706: 9701: 9696: 9691: 9686: 9681: 9676: 9671: 9666: 9661: 9659:Wilson's Creek 9656: 9651: 9645: 9643: 9636: 9635: 9633: 9632: 9627: 9622: 9617: 9612: 9607: 9602: 9597: 9592: 9587: 9582: 9577: 9572: 9567: 9562: 9557: 9552: 9547: 9542: 9537: 9532: 9527: 9522: 9517: 9512: 9507: 9501: 9499: 9492: 9491: 9489: 9488: 9483: 9478: 9473: 9471:Lower Seaboard 9468: 9463: 9457: 9455: 9451: 9450: 9447: 9446: 9444: 9443: 9438: 9433: 9427: 9425: 9419: 9418: 9416: 9415: 9410: 9405: 9400: 9394: 9392: 9383: 9375: 9374: 9371: 9370: 9367: 9364: 9361: 9358: 9354: 9346: 9345: 9342: 9341: 9338: 9337: 9335: 9334: 9329: 9327:Harriet Tubman 9324: 9323: 9322: 9315:Charles Sumner 9312: 9307: 9302: 9297: 9292: 9287: 9282: 9277: 9272: 9267: 9262: 9257: 9251: 9249: 9243: 9242: 9240: 9239: 9232: 9227: 9222: 9217: 9212: 9207: 9202: 9197: 9192: 9185: 9180: 9175: 9169: 9167: 9161: 9160: 9158: 9157: 9152: 9150:States' rights 9147: 9142: 9137: 9132: 9127: 9122: 9117: 9112: 9107: 9102: 9097: 9092: 9087: 9082: 9076: 9074: 9072: 9071: 9065: 9058: 9057: 9047: 9046: 9039: 9038: 9031: 9024: 9016: 9007: 9006: 9004: 9003: 8998: 8993: 8988: 8983: 8978: 8973: 8968: 8963: 8958: 8953: 8948: 8943: 8938: 8933: 8928: 8923: 8918: 8913: 8908: 8903: 8898: 8893: 8887: 8885: 8881: 8880: 8878: 8877: 8872: 8867: 8862: 8857: 8852: 8847: 8842: 8836: 8834: 8830: 8829: 8827: 8826: 8821: 8816: 8811: 8806: 8801: 8796: 8791: 8781: 8776: 8771: 8766: 8760: 8758: 8754: 8753: 8751: 8750: 8745: 8739: 8737: 8733: 8732: 8730: 8729: 8724: 8718: 8716: 8712: 8711: 8704: 8702: 8700: 8699: 8694: 8689: 8684: 8679: 8674: 8669: 8664: 8658: 8656: 8652: 8651: 8646: 8645: 8638: 8631: 8623: 8614: 8613: 8610: 8609: 8607: 8606: 8601: 8596: 8590: 8588: 8584: 8583: 8581: 8580: 8575: 8569: 8567: 8560: 8556: 8555: 8552: 8551: 8549: 8548: 8542: 8540: 8532: 8531: 8529: 8528: 8523: 8518: 8513: 8507: 8505: 8492: 8488: 8487: 8484: 8483: 8481: 8480: 8475: 8473:Sailor's Creek 8470: 8468:3rd Petersburg 8465: 8460: 8455: 8450: 8444: 8442: 8438: 8437: 8435: 8434: 8428: 8421: 8419: 8412: 8406: 8405: 8402: 8401: 8399: 8398: 8393: 8388: 8386:Chaffin's Farm 8383: 8381:3rd Winchester 8378: 8373: 8368: 8363: 8361:2nd Petersburg 8358: 8353: 8348: 8343: 8338: 8332: 8330: 8326: 8325: 8323: 8322: 8321:(Jun–Mar 1865) 8316: 8310: 8304: 8298: 8291: 8289: 8282: 8276: 8275: 8272: 8271: 8269: 8268: 8263: 8257: 8255: 8251: 8250: 8248: 8247: 8241: 8235: 8229: 8223: 8216: 8214: 8207: 8201: 8200: 8197: 8196: 8194: 8193: 8191:Fredericksburg 8188: 8183: 8178: 8177: 8176: 8171: 8166: 8161: 8156: 8151: 8146: 8141: 8131: 8126: 8121: 8115: 8113: 8109: 8108: 8106: 8105: 8099: 8096:Fredericksburg 8093: 8087: 8081: 8075: 8069: 8062: 8060: 8053: 8047: 8046: 8043: 8042: 8040: 8039: 8034: 8028: 8026: 8019: 8018: 8016: 8015: 8012: 8006: 8003: 7997: 7991: 7987: 7985: 7976: 7970: 7969: 7962: 7961: 7954: 7947: 7939: 7933: 7932: 7931: 7930: 7905: 7895: 7883: 7875: 7870: 7854: 7849: 7837: 7832: 7824: 7816: 7811: 7802: 7777: 7776:External links 7774: 7772: 7771: 7764: 7757: 7742: 7735: 7720: 7705: 7690: 7675: 7658: 7637: 7621: 7619: 7616: 7614: 7613: 7589: 7579: 7561: 7553: 7551: 7548: 7546: 7545: 7533: 7521: 7503: 7488: 7471: 7456: 7441: 7426: 7407: 7392: 7377: 7362: 7345: 7326: 7309: 7294: 7276: 7261: 7246: 7217:Ballard, Ted. 7215: 7193: 7191: 7188: 7186: 7185: 7171: 7147: 7129: 7099: 7090: 7081: 7062: 7042: 7016: 7007: 6998: 6989: 6970: 6968:Rawley, p. 58. 6961: 6944:www.senate.gov 6931: 6922: 6913: 6904: 6895: 6872: 6856: 6847: 6838: 6829: 6820: 6811: 6781: 6755: 6746: 6737: 6728: 6719: 6710: 6693:Historynet.com 6680: 6671: 6662: 6653: 6644: 6635: 6633:Salmon, p. 19. 6626: 6617: 6615:Eicher, p. 95. 6608: 6595: 6565: 6556: 6542: 6511: 6478: 6469: 6460: 6437: 6435:Eicher, p. 92. 6428: 6419: 6410: 6408:Ballard, p. 9. 6401: 6364: 6352: 6350:Ballard, p. 8. 6343: 6334: 6315: 6287: 6271: 6267:Winfield Scott 6258: 6256:Ballard, p. 4. 6246: 6237: 6228: 6219: 6210: 6201: 6192: 6162: 6153: 6144: 6135: 6126: 6117: 6108: 6099: 6090: 6088:Eicher, p. 99. 6078: 6047: 6035: 6004: 5965: 5906: 5875: 5849: 5826: 5796: 5773: 5771: 5768: 5767: 5766: 5761: 5756: 5751: 5746: 5741: 5735: 5734: 5718: 5715: 5690: 5687: 5662: 5659: 5650:Murder at 1600 5617:Upton Sinclair 5557: 5556: 5507: 5505: 5498: 5492: 5489: 5488: 5487: 5475: 5468: 5466: 5454: 5447: 5445: 5433: 5426: 5424: 5412: 5405: 5403: 5391: 5384: 5382: 5370: 5363: 5361: 5349: 5342: 5340: 5328: 5321: 5319: 5307: 5300: 5298: 5286: 5279: 5277: 5265: 5258: 5256: 5246: 5239: 5235: 5232: 5230: 5227: 5217: 5214: 5201: 5198: 5184: 5181: 5173: 5170: 5137: 5134: 5068: 5065: 5049: 5029: 5014: 5011: 5010: 5007: 5004: 5001: 4998: 4995: 4992: 4989: 4985: 4984: 4982: 4980: 4977: 4974: 4971: 4968: 4965: 4961: 4960: 4957: 4954: 4952: 4949: 4946: 4943: 4940: 4936: 4935: 4933: 4931: 4929: 4926: 4924: 4921: 4918: 4914: 4913: 4911: 4909: 4907: 4904: 4902: 4899: 4896: 4892: 4891: 4889: 4887: 4885: 4882: 4880: 4877: 4875: 4871: 4870: 4868: 4866: 4864: 4861: 4859: 4856: 4854: 4850: 4849: 4847: 4845: 4843: 4840: 4838: 4835: 4832: 4828: 4827: 4825: 4823: 4821: 4818: 4815: 4812: 4809: 4805: 4804: 4802: 4800: 4798: 4795: 4793: 4790: 4788: 4784: 4783: 4781: 4779: 4777: 4774: 4771: 4768: 4765: 4761: 4760: 4758: 4756: 4754: 4751: 4749: 4746: 4744: 4740: 4739: 4737: 4735: 4732: 4729: 4726: 4723: 4720: 4716: 4715: 4713: 4711: 4709: 4706: 4704: 4701: 4699: 4695: 4694: 4692: 4690: 4688: 4685: 4682: 4679: 4676: 4672: 4671: 4669: 4667: 4665: 4662: 4659: 4656: 4653: 4649: 4648: 4646: 4644: 4642: 4639: 4636: 4633: 4630: 4626: 4625: 4623: 4621: 4619: 4617: 4615: 4613: 4611: 4607: 4606: 4600: 4599: 4596: 4594: 4592: 4589: 4586: 4584: 4582: 4578: 4577: 4574: 4572: 4570: 4567: 4565: 4562: 4559: 4555: 4554: 4552: 4550: 4548: 4546: 4544: 4542: 4540: 4536: 4535: 4532: 4530: 4528: 4525: 4523: 4520: 4518: 4514: 4513: 4510: 4508: 4506: 4503: 4501: 4499: 4497: 4493: 4492: 4489: 4487: 4485: 4482: 4480: 4478: 4476: 4472: 4471: 4468: 4466: 4464: 4461: 4459: 4456: 4454: 4450: 4449: 4447: 4445: 4443: 4441: 4439: 4437: 4435: 4431: 4430: 4427: 4425: 4422: 4419: 4416: 4413: 4411: 4407: 4406: 4403: 4401: 4399: 4396: 4394: 4392: 4390: 4386: 4385: 4382: 4379: 4377: 4374: 4372: 4369: 4367: 4363: 4362: 4359: 4357: 4355: 4352: 4349: 4346: 4344: 4340: 4339: 4336: 4334: 4332: 4329: 4327: 4324: 4322: 4318: 4317: 4314: 4311: 4309: 4306: 4304: 4301: 4299: 4295: 4294: 4291: 4289: 4287: 4284: 4281: 4278: 4276: 4272: 4271: 4268: 4266: 4264: 4261: 4259: 4257: 4255: 4251: 4250: 4247: 4244: 4242: 4239: 4237: 4234: 4232: 4228: 4227: 4224: 4222: 4220: 4217: 4214: 4211: 4209: 4205: 4204: 4201: 4199: 4197: 4194: 4192: 4189: 4187: 4183: 4182: 4179: 4176: 4174: 4171: 4168: 4165: 4162: 4158: 4157: 4154: 4152: 4150: 4147: 4144: 4141: 4139: 4135: 4134: 4131: 4129: 4127: 4124: 4122: 4119: 4117: 4113: 4112: 4109: 4107: 4105: 4102: 4099: 4096: 4093: 4089: 4088: 4085: 4083: 4081: 4078: 4076: 4073: 4071: 4067: 4066: 4063: 4061: 4059: 4056: 4054: 4052: 4050: 4046: 4045: 4042: 4040: 4038: 4035: 4033: 4030: 4028: 4024: 4023: 4020: 4017: 4015: 4012: 4009: 4006: 4004: 4000: 3999: 3997: 3995: 3993: 3991: 3989: 3987: 3985: 3981: 3980: 3974: 3973: 3970: 3967: 3964: 3961: 3958: 3954: 3953: 3950: 3947: 3944: 3941: 3929: 3926: 3923: 3922: 3920: 3917: 3914: 3911: 3909: 3905: 3904: 3901: 3898: 3896: 3893: 3891: 3885: 3884: 3881: 3878: 3875: 3872: 3866: 3856: 3855: 3852: 3849: 3846: 3843: 3840: 3834: 3833: 3830: 3827: 3824: 3821: 3815: 3811: 3810: 3807: 3804: 3802: 3799: 3793: 3787: 3786: 3783: 3780: 3778: 3775: 3772: 3760: 3759: 3756: 3753: 3749: 3748: 3745: 3742: 3739: 3726: 3725: 3723: 3720: 3717: 3714: 3711: 3708: 3705: 3702: 3698: 3697: 3695: 3692: 3689: 3687: 3684: 3681: 3678: 3676: 3672: 3671: 3669: 3666: 3663: 3661: 3658: 3655: 3653: 3651: 3647: 3646: 3644: 3641: 3638: 3636: 3633: 3631: 3628: 3626: 3622: 3621: 3619: 3617: 3613: 3612: 3609: 3607: 3603: 3602: 3600: 3597: 3594: 3591: 3588: 3585: 3582: 3579: 3575: 3574: 3572: 3569: 3566: 3563: 3560: 3557: 3554: 3551: 3547: 3546: 3544: 3541: 3538: 3536: 3533: 3530: 3527: 3524: 3520: 3519: 3517: 3514: 3511: 3508: 3505: 3502: 3499: 3496: 3492: 3491: 3489: 3486: 3484: 3482: 3480: 3477: 3475: 3473: 3469: 3468: 3466: 3464: 3460: 3459: 3457: 3454: 3451: 3448: 3445: 3442: 3439: 3436: 3432: 3431: 3428: 3425: 3422: 3419: 3416: 3413: 3410: 3407: 3403: 3402: 3399: 3396: 3393: 3390: 3387: 3384: 3381: 3378: 3374: 3373: 3371: 3369: 3365: 3364: 3362: 3359: 3356: 3353: 3350: 3347: 3344: 3341: 3337: 3336: 3333: 3331: 3329: 3327: 3325: 3323: 3321: 3319: 3315: 3314: 3312: 3309: 3306: 3303: 3300: 3297: 3294: 3291: 3287: 3286: 3284: 3281: 3278: 3275: 3272: 3270: 3267: 3264: 3260: 3259: 3256: 3253: 3250: 3247: 3244: 3241: 3238: 3236: 3232: 3231: 3229: 3225: 3224: 3222: 3219: 3217: 3215: 3213: 3211: 3209: 3206: 3205:General staff 3202: 3201: 3198: 3195: 3192: 3189: 3186: 3182: 3181: 3178: 3175: 3172: 3169: 3166: 3149: 3146: 3120: 3117: 3097: 3094: 3092: 3089: 3057:Return of the 3044:Dixon S. Miles 3038: 3035: 2791: 2788: 2786: 2783: 2725:Wheat's Tigers 2633:Sudley Springs 2611: 2608: 2606: 2603: 2601: 2598: 2595: 2594: 2591: 2588: 2587: 2584: 2580: 2579: 2576: 2572: 2571: 2568: 2564: 2563: 2560: 2559:General staff 2549: 2548: 2545: 2542: 2539: 2536: 2533: 2530: 2527: 2524: 2523: 2521: 2519: 2517: 2515: 2512: 2509: 2506: 2502: 2501: 2499: 2497: 2494: 2491: 2489: 2487: 2484: 2480: 2479: 2476: 2473: 2471: 2469: 2466: 2463: 2460: 2459:Col. A. Elzey 2456: 2455: 2452: 2449: 2447: 2445: 2442: 2439: 2438:Third brigade 2436: 2432: 2431: 2428: 2425: 2423: 2421: 2418: 2415: 2412: 2408: 2407: 2404: 2401: 2399: 2397: 2394: 2391: 2390:First brigade 2388: 2384: 2383: 2380: 2377: 2374: 2371: 2368: 2364: 2363: 2360: 2357: 2353: 2352: 2349: 2346: 2328: 2327: 2324: 2321: 2320: 2317: 2313: 2312: 2309: 2305: 2304: 2301: 2297: 2296: 2294: 2286: 2285: 2282: 2279: 2276: 2273: 2270: 2267: 2264: 2260: 2259: 2256: 2253: 2251: 2249: 2247: 2245: 2243: 2239: 2238: 2235: 2232: 2230: 2228: 2226: 2224: 2222: 2218: 2217: 2214: 2211: 2209: 2207: 2205: 2203: 2201: 2197: 2196: 2193: 2190: 2188: 2186: 2184: 2182: 2180: 2176: 2175: 2172: 2169: 2167: 2165: 2163: 2161: 2159: 2155: 2154: 2151: 2148: 2146: 2144: 2142: 2140: 2138: 2132: 2131: 2129: 2127: 2124: 2121: 2119: 2117: 2115: 2111: 2110: 2108: 2106: 2103: 2100: 2098: 2096: 2094: 2090: 2089: 2087: 2085: 2082: 2079: 2077: 2075: 2073: 2067: 2066: 2064: 2062: 2060: 2058: 2055: 2052: 2050: 2044: 2043: 2041: 2039: 2037: 2035: 2032: 2029: 2027: 2021: 2020: 2018: 2016: 2014: 2012: 2009: 2006: 2004: 1998: 1997: 1995: 1993: 1991: 1989: 1986: 1983: 1980: 1979:Sixth Brigade 1976: 1975: 1973: 1971: 1969: 1967: 1964: 1961: 1958: 1957:Fifth Brigade 1954: 1953: 1951: 1949: 1947: 1945: 1942: 1939: 1936: 1932: 1931: 1929: 1927: 1925: 1923: 1920: 1917: 1914: 1913:Third Brigade 1910: 1909: 1907: 1905: 1903: 1901: 1898: 1895: 1892: 1888: 1887: 1885: 1883: 1881: 1879: 1876: 1873: 1870: 1869:First Brigade 1866: 1865: 1862: 1859: 1856: 1853: 1850: 1846: 1845: 1842: 1839: 1836: 1833: 1813: 1812: 1811: 1810: 1803: 1800:Barnard E. Bee 1796: 1789: 1765: 1764: 1763: 1757: 1750: 1743: 1736: 1729: 1726:David R. Jones 1722: 1715: 1696: 1695: 1694: 1693: 1682: 1675: 1673: 1662: 1655: 1650: 1649: 1636: 1633: 1630: 1629: 1626: 1622: 1621: 1618: 1614: 1613: 1610: 1606: 1605: 1602: 1591: 1590: 1587: 1584: 1581: 1578: 1575: 1572: 1569: 1566: 1565: 1563: 1561: 1558: 1555: 1552: 1549: 1546: 1539: 1538: 1535: 1532: 1529: 1526: 1523: 1520: 1517: 1510: 1509: 1506: 1503: 1500: 1497: 1494: 1490: 1489: 1486: 1483: 1479: 1478: 1475: 1472: 1454: 1453: 1450: 1447: 1444: 1441: 1437: 1436: 1433: 1430: 1427: 1424: 1420: 1419: 1416: 1413: 1410: 1407: 1403: 1402: 1399: 1396: 1393: 1390: 1384: 1383: 1380: 1377: 1374: 1371: 1367: 1366: 1363: 1360: 1357: 1354: 1350: 1349: 1346: 1343: 1340: 1337: 1333: 1332: 1329: 1326: 1323: 1320: 1316: 1315: 1312: 1309: 1306: 1303: 1299: 1298: 1295: 1293: 1291: 1288: 1287:General staff 1284: 1283: 1280: 1276: 1275: 1272: 1269: 1265: 1264: 1261: 1238: 1237: 1226:Dixon S. Miles 1222: 1211: 1192: 1177: 1140: 1139: 1138: 1137: 1130: 1123: 1121: 1118:Dixon S. Miles 1114: 1107: 1105: 1098: 1091: 1088: 1087: 1080: 1073: 1071: 1064: 1057: 1055: 1048: 1041: 1039: 1031:Irvin McDowell 1027: 1020: 1015: 1014: 1001: 998: 996: 993: 971: 968: 828:North American 823: 820: 799: 796: 776:Irvin McDowell 767: 766:Irvin McDowell 764: 748:Winfield Scott 705:Winfield Scott 655:South Carolina 649: 648: 647: 646: 634: 627: 625: 613: 606: 601: 600: 560:Main article: 557: 554: 552: 549: 510:Irvin McDowell 440: 439: 437: 436: 431: 426: 421: 416: 411: 406: 400: 397: 396: 385: 384: 377: 370: 362: 354: 353: 342: 330: 329: 325: 324: 315: 314: 313: 303: 302: 287: 286: 282: 281: 270: 269: 268: 255: 254: 243: 242: 241:Units involved 238: 237: 228: 226:Irvin McDowell 222: 221: 217: 216: 203: 184: 183: 179: 178: 175: 174: 168: 164: 163: 122:Fairfax County 120: 118: 114: 113: 103: 95: 94: 82:Struggle on a 73: 72: 65: 64: 50: 28: 22: 19: 17: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 13144: 13133: 13130: 13128: 13125: 13123: 13120: 13118: 13115: 13113: 13110: 13108: 13105: 13103: 13100: 13098: 13095: 13093: 13090: 13088: 13085: 13084: 13082: 13067: 13062: 13060: 13055: 13054: 13051: 13045: 13041: 13035: 13032: 13030: 13027: 13025: 13022: 13020: 13017: 13015: 13012: 13010: 13007: 13005: 13002: 13000: 12997: 12995: 12992: 12990: 12987: 12985: 12982: 12980: 12979:Hickory Ridge 12977: 12975: 12972: 12970: 12967: 12965: 12962: 12960: 12957: 12955: 12952: 12950: 12947: 12945: 12942: 12940: 12937: 12935: 12932: 12930: 12927: 12925: 12922: 12920: 12917: 12915: 12912: 12910: 12907: 12906: 12904: 12902: 12896: 12890: 12887: 12885: 12882: 12880: 12877: 12875: 12872: 12869: 12868:Quantico Base 12866: 12864: 12863:Potomac Mills 12861: 12859: 12856: 12854: 12851: 12849: 12846: 12844: 12841: 12839: 12836: 12834: 12831: 12829: 12826: 12824: 12821: 12819: 12816: 12814: 12811: 12809: 12808:County Center 12806: 12804: 12801: 12799: 12796: 12794: 12791: 12789: 12786: 12785: 12783: 12781: 12777: 12759: 12756: 12754: 12751: 12749: 12746: 12744: 12741: 12740: 12738: 12736: 12732: 12728: 12727: 12720: 12713: 12708:United States 12705: 12695: 12690: 12688: 12683: 12681: 12676: 12675: 12672: 12660: 12657: 12655: 12652: 12650: 12647: 12646: 12644: 12640: 12630: 12627: 12626: 12624: 12620: 12614: 12611: 12609: 12606: 12605: 12603: 12599: 12596: 12592: 12586: 12583: 12581: 12580:Interstate 95 12578: 12576: 12575:Interstate 66 12573: 12571: 12568: 12566: 12563: 12561: 12558: 12556: 12553: 12552: 12550: 12546: 12540: 12539:Potomac Mills 12537: 12535: 12532: 12530: 12527: 12525: 12522: 12520: 12517: 12515: 12512: 12510: 12507: 12505: 12502: 12500: 12497: 12496: 12494: 12490: 12484: 12481: 12480: 12478: 12476:Organizations 12474: 12469: 12459: 12456: 12454: 12451: 12449: 12446: 12444: 12441: 12439: 12436: 12434: 12431: 12429: 12426: 12425: 12423: 12419: 12413: 12410: 12408: 12405: 12404: 12401: 12397: 12383: 12378: 12376: 12371: 12369: 12364: 12363: 12360: 12348: 12345: 12343: 12340: 12338: 12335: 12334: 12332: 12328: 12318: 12315: 12313: 12310: 12308: 12305: 12304: 12302: 12298: 12295: 12291: 12279: 12276: 12274: 12273:Manassas Line 12271: 12270: 12269: 12266: 12264: 12261: 12259: 12256: 12255: 12253: 12249: 12243: 12240: 12238: 12235: 12233: 12230: 12228: 12225: 12224: 12222: 12218: 12212: 12209: 12207: 12204: 12203: 12201: 12197: 12194: 12190: 12184: 12181: 12179: 12176: 12174: 12171: 12169: 12166: 12164: 12161: 12159: 12156: 12154: 12151: 12149: 12146: 12144: 12141: 12139: 12136: 12134: 12131: 12130: 12128: 12124: 12118: 12115: 12113: 12110: 12109: 12107: 12105:Organizations 12103: 12098: 12088: 12085: 12083: 12080: 12078: 12075: 12073: 12070: 12068: 12065: 12063: 12060: 12058: 12055: 12053: 12050: 12049: 12047: 12043: 12037: 12034: 12032: 12029: 12027: 12024: 12023: 12020: 12016: 12002: 11997: 11995: 11990: 11988: 11983: 11982: 11979: 11972: 11962: 11961: 11958: 11945: 11942: 11941: 11939: 11935: 11929: 11928: 11923: 11921: 11920: 11915: 11913: 11912: 11907: 11905: 11902: 11899: 11895: 11893: 11890: 11888: 11885: 11883: 11880: 11878: 11875: 11873: 11871: 11867: 11866: 11864: 11860: 11854: 11851: 11849: 11846: 11844: 11841: 11839: 11836: 11834: 11831: 11829: 11826: 11824: 11821: 11820: 11818: 11812: 11806: 11803: 11801: 11798: 11797: 11795: 11791: 11787: 11781: 11778: 11776: 11773: 11771: 11768: 11766: 11763: 11762: 11760: 11758: 11754: 11749: 11739: 11736: 11734: 11731: 11729: 11726: 11724: 11721: 11720: 11718: 11714: 11710: 11703: 11698: 11696: 11691: 11689: 11684: 11683: 11680: 11668: 11664: 11660: 11658: 11650: 11649: 11646: 11632: 11629: 11628: 11626: 11622: 11616: 11613: 11611: 11608: 11606: 11603: 11601: 11598: 11596: 11593: 11591: 11588: 11586: 11585:Photographers 11583: 11581: 11578: 11576: 11573: 11571: 11568: 11566: 11563: 11561: 11560:Gender issues 11558: 11556: 11553: 11549: 11546: 11545: 11544: 11541: 11537: 11534: 11533: 11532: 11529: 11527: 11524: 11522: 11519: 11517: 11514: 11513: 11511: 11507: 11499: 11496: 11494: 11491: 11489: 11486: 11484: 11481: 11480: 11479: 11476: 11474: 11471: 11469: 11466: 11464: 11461: 11459: 11456: 11455: 11453: 11449: 11443: 11440: 11438: 11435: 11433: 11430: 11428: 11425: 11423: 11422: 11418: 11416: 11413: 11411: 11408: 11406: 11403: 11402: 11400: 11398: 11394: 11388: 11387:War Democrats 11385: 11383: 11380: 11378: 11377:Union Leagues 11375: 11373: 11370: 11368: 11365: 11363: 11360: 11358: 11355: 11353: 11350: 11348: 11345: 11343: 11340: 11338: 11335: 11333: 11330: 11328: 11325: 11323: 11320: 11318: 11315: 11313: 11310: 11309: 11307: 11303: 11297: 11294: 11292: 11289: 11287: 11284: 11282: 11279: 11277: 11276:Turning point 11274: 11272: 11269: 11267: 11264: 11262: 11259: 11257: 11254: 11252: 11249: 11247: 11246:Naval battles 11244: 11242: 11239: 11237: 11234: 11232: 11229: 11227: 11224: 11222: 11219: 11217: 11214: 11212: 11209: 11207: 11204: 11202: 11199: 11198: 11196: 11192: 11188: 11180: 11179: 11175: 11171: 11157: 11154: 11152: 11149: 11147: 11144: 11142: 11139: 11137: 11134: 11132: 11131: 11127: 11125: 11122: 11120: 11117: 11115: 11112: 11111: 11109: 11105: 11099: 11096: 11094: 11091: 11090: 11088: 11084: 11074: 11071: 11067: 11064: 11062: 11059: 11057: 11054: 11053: 11052: 11049: 11048: 11046: 11042: 11034: 11031: 11029: 11026: 11025: 11024: 11021: 11020: 11018: 11014: 11011: 11009:and memorials 11005: 10999: 10996: 10994: 10991: 10989: 10986: 10984: 10981: 10979: 10976: 10974: 10971: 10969: 10966: 10964: 10961: 10959: 10956: 10954: 10951: 10949: 10946: 10942: 10939: 10937: 10934: 10933: 10932: 10929: 10927: 10924: 10920: 10917: 10915: 10912: 10910: 10907: 10905: 10902: 10900: 10897: 10895: 10892: 10890: 10887: 10885: 10882: 10880: 10877: 10875: 10872: 10871: 10870: 10869:Commemoration 10867: 10866: 10864: 10858: 10852: 10849: 10847: 10844: 10840: 10837: 10836: 10835: 10832: 10830: 10827: 10825: 10822: 10818: 10815: 10814: 10813: 10810: 10808: 10805: 10803: 10800: 10796: 10793: 10791: 10788: 10786: 10783: 10781: 10778: 10777: 10776: 10773: 10769: 10766: 10764: 10761: 10759: 10756: 10754: 10751: 10749: 10746: 10745: 10744: 10741: 10739: 10736: 10734: 10731: 10729: 10726: 10722: 10719: 10717: 10714: 10712: 10711:first inquiry 10709: 10707: 10704: 10702: 10699: 10697: 10694: 10693: 10692: 10689: 10684: 10681: 10679: 10676: 10675: 10674: 10671: 10669: 10666: 10664: 10661: 10659: 10656: 10652: 10649: 10648: 10647: 10644: 10642: 10639: 10637: 10634: 10632: 10631:Carpetbaggers 10629: 10627: 10624: 10622: 10619: 10618: 10616: 10614: 10610: 10602: 10599: 10597: 10594: 10592: 10589: 10588: 10587: 10584: 10583: 10581: 10579: 10575: 10571: 10564: 10560: 10542: 10539: 10537: 10534: 10532: 10529: 10527: 10524: 10522: 10519: 10517: 10514: 10512: 10509: 10507: 10504: 10502: 10499: 10497: 10494: 10492: 10489: 10488: 10486: 10482: 10476: 10473: 10471: 10468: 10466: 10463: 10461: 10458: 10456: 10453: 10451: 10448: 10446: 10443: 10441: 10438: 10436: 10433: 10431: 10428: 10426: 10423: 10421: 10418: 10416: 10413: 10411: 10408: 10406: 10403: 10401: 10398: 10396: 10393: 10391: 10388: 10386: 10383: 10381: 10378: 10376: 10373: 10371: 10368: 10366: 10363: 10361: 10358: 10357: 10355: 10351: 10348: 10344: 10334: 10331: 10329: 10326: 10324: 10321: 10319: 10316: 10314: 10311: 10309: 10306: 10304: 10301: 10299: 10296: 10294: 10291: 10290: 10288: 10284: 10278: 10275: 10273: 10270: 10268: 10265: 10263: 10260: 10258: 10255: 10253: 10250: 10248: 10245: 10243: 10240: 10238: 10235: 10233: 10230: 10228: 10225: 10223: 10220: 10218: 10215: 10213: 10210: 10208: 10205: 10203: 10200: 10198: 10195: 10193: 10190: 10188: 10185: 10183: 10180: 10178: 10175: 10173: 10170: 10168: 10165: 10163: 10160: 10158: 10155: 10154: 10152: 10148: 10145: 10141: 10137: 10133: 10128: 10124: 10106: 10103: 10101: 10098: 10096: 10093: 10091: 10088: 10086: 10083: 10081: 10078: 10076: 10073: 10072: 10070: 10066: 10060: 10057: 10055: 10054:West Virginia 10052: 10050: 10047: 10045: 10042: 10040: 10037: 10035: 10032: 10030: 10027: 10025: 10022: 10020: 10017: 10015: 10012: 10010: 10007: 10005: 10002: 10000: 9997: 9995: 9992: 9990: 9987: 9985: 9982: 9980: 9977: 9975: 9974:New Hampshire 9972: 9970: 9967: 9965: 9962: 9960: 9957: 9955: 9952: 9950: 9947: 9945: 9942: 9940: 9937: 9935: 9934:Massachusetts 9932: 9930: 9927: 9925: 9922: 9920: 9917: 9915: 9912: 9910: 9907: 9905: 9902: 9900: 9897: 9895: 9892: 9890: 9887: 9885: 9882: 9880: 9877: 9875: 9872: 9870: 9867: 9865: 9862: 9860: 9857: 9855: 9852: 9850: 9847: 9845: 9842: 9840: 9837: 9835: 9832: 9830: 9827: 9825: 9822: 9821: 9819: 9813: 9810: 9806: 9800: 9797: 9795: 9792: 9790: 9787: 9785: 9782: 9780: 9777: 9775: 9772: 9770: 9767: 9765: 9762: 9760: 9757: 9755: 9752: 9750: 9747: 9745: 9742: 9740: 9737: 9735: 9732: 9730: 9727: 9725: 9722: 9720: 9717: 9715: 9712: 9710: 9707: 9705: 9702: 9700: 9697: 9695: 9692: 9690: 9687: 9685: 9682: 9680: 9677: 9675: 9674:Hampton Roads 9672: 9670: 9667: 9665: 9664:Fort Donelson 9662: 9660: 9657: 9655: 9652: 9650: 9647: 9646: 9644: 9642: 9637: 9631: 9628: 9626: 9623: 9621: 9618: 9616: 9613: 9611: 9608: 9606: 9603: 9601: 9598: 9596: 9593: 9591: 9588: 9586: 9583: 9581: 9578: 9576: 9573: 9571: 9568: 9566: 9563: 9561: 9560:Morgan's Raid 9558: 9556: 9553: 9551: 9548: 9546: 9543: 9541: 9538: 9536: 9533: 9531: 9528: 9526: 9523: 9521: 9518: 9516: 9513: 9511: 9508: 9506: 9505:Anaconda Plan 9503: 9502: 9500: 9498: 9493: 9487: 9484: 9482: 9481:Pacific Coast 9479: 9477: 9474: 9472: 9469: 9467: 9464: 9462: 9459: 9458: 9456: 9452: 9442: 9439: 9437: 9434: 9432: 9429: 9428: 9426: 9424: 9420: 9414: 9411: 9409: 9406: 9404: 9401: 9399: 9396: 9395: 9393: 9391: 9387: 9384: 9380: 9376: 9368: 9365: 9362: 9359: 9356: 9355: 9351: 9347: 9333: 9330: 9328: 9325: 9321: 9318: 9317: 9316: 9313: 9311: 9308: 9306: 9303: 9301: 9298: 9296: 9293: 9291: 9288: 9286: 9283: 9281: 9278: 9276: 9273: 9271: 9268: 9266: 9263: 9261: 9258: 9256: 9253: 9252: 9250: 9248: 9244: 9238: 9237: 9233: 9231: 9228: 9226: 9223: 9221: 9218: 9216: 9215:Positive good 9213: 9211: 9208: 9206: 9203: 9201: 9198: 9196: 9193: 9191: 9190: 9186: 9184: 9181: 9179: 9176: 9174: 9171: 9170: 9168: 9166: 9162: 9156: 9153: 9151: 9148: 9146: 9143: 9141: 9138: 9136: 9133: 9131: 9130:Panic of 1857 9128: 9126: 9123: 9121: 9118: 9116: 9113: 9111: 9108: 9106: 9103: 9101: 9098: 9096: 9093: 9091: 9090:Border states 9088: 9086: 9083: 9081: 9078: 9077: 9075: 9070: 9067: 9066: 9063: 9059: 9052: 9048: 9044: 9037: 9032: 9030: 9025: 9023: 9018: 9017: 9014: 9002: 8999: 8997: 8994: 8992: 8989: 8987: 8986:Munson's Hill 8984: 8982: 8979: 8977: 8974: 8972: 8969: 8967: 8964: 8962: 8959: 8957: 8954: 8952: 8949: 8947: 8944: 8942: 8939: 8937: 8934: 8932: 8929: 8927: 8926:Fort O'Rourke 8924: 8922: 8919: 8917: 8914: 8912: 8909: 8907: 8904: 8902: 8899: 8897: 8894: 8892: 8889: 8888: 8886: 8882: 8876: 8873: 8871: 8868: 8866: 8865:John S. Mosby 8863: 8861: 8858: 8856: 8855:Thaddeus Lowe 8853: 8851: 8848: 8846: 8843: 8841: 8838: 8837: 8835: 8831: 8825: 8822: 8820: 8817: 8815: 8812: 8810: 8807: 8805: 8802: 8800: 8797: 8795: 8792: 8789: 8785: 8782: 8780: 8777: 8775: 8772: 8770: 8767: 8765: 8762: 8761: 8759: 8755: 8749: 8748:Mosby's Raids 8746: 8744: 8741: 8740: 8738: 8734: 8728: 8725: 8723: 8720: 8719: 8717: 8713: 8708: 8698: 8695: 8693: 8690: 8688: 8685: 8683: 8680: 8678: 8675: 8673: 8670: 8668: 8665: 8663: 8660: 8659: 8657: 8653: 8644: 8639: 8637: 8632: 8630: 8625: 8624: 8621: 8605: 8602: 8600: 8597: 8595: 8592: 8591: 8589: 8585: 8579: 8576: 8574: 8571: 8570: 8568: 8564: 8561: 8557: 8547: 8544: 8543: 8541: 8538: 8533: 8527: 8524: 8522: 8519: 8517: 8514: 8512: 8509: 8508: 8506: 8502: 8496: 8493: 8489: 8479: 8476: 8474: 8471: 8469: 8466: 8464: 8461: 8459: 8456: 8454: 8451: 8449: 8446: 8445: 8443: 8441:Major battles 8439: 8432: 8429: 8426: 8423: 8422: 8420: 8416: 8413: 8411: 8407: 8397: 8394: 8392: 8389: 8387: 8384: 8382: 8379: 8377: 8374: 8372: 8369: 8367: 8364: 8362: 8359: 8357: 8354: 8352: 8349: 8347: 8344: 8342: 8339: 8337: 8334: 8333: 8331: 8329:Major battles 8327: 8320: 8317: 8314: 8311: 8308: 8305: 8302: 8299: 8296: 8293: 8292: 8290: 8286: 8283: 8281: 8277: 8267: 8264: 8262: 8259: 8258: 8256: 8254:Major battles 8252: 8245: 8242: 8239: 8236: 8233: 8230: 8227: 8224: 8221: 8218: 8217: 8215: 8211: 8208: 8206: 8202: 8192: 8189: 8187: 8184: 8182: 8179: 8175: 8172: 8170: 8167: 8165: 8162: 8160: 8157: 8155: 8152: 8150: 8147: 8145: 8142: 8140: 8137: 8136: 8135: 8132: 8130: 8127: 8125: 8122: 8120: 8119:Hampton Roads 8117: 8116: 8114: 8112:Major battles 8110: 8103: 8100: 8097: 8094: 8091: 8088: 8085: 8082: 8079: 8076: 8073: 8070: 8067: 8064: 8063: 8061: 8057: 8054: 8052: 8048: 8038: 8035: 8033: 8030: 8029: 8027: 8025: 8020: 8013: 8010: 8007: 8004: 8001: 7998: 7995: 7992: 7989: 7988: 7986: 7984: 7980: 7977: 7975: 7971: 7967: 7960: 7955: 7953: 7948: 7946: 7941: 7940: 7937: 7927: 7926: 7920: 7914: 7913: 7910: 7906: 7903: 7899: 7896: 7894: 7890: 7887: 7884: 7881: 7880: 7876: 7874: 7871: 7869: 7865: 7864: 7855: 7853: 7850: 7848: 7844: 7841: 7838: 7836: 7833: 7831: 7829: 7825: 7823: 7821: 7817: 7815: 7812: 7810: 7806: 7803: 7800: 7796: 7792: 7789: 7788: 7783: 7780: 7779: 7769: 7765: 7762: 7758: 7755: 7751: 7747: 7743: 7740: 7736: 7733: 7729: 7725: 7721: 7718: 7717:1-85532-133-5 7714: 7710: 7706: 7703: 7699: 7695: 7691: 7688: 7687:0-13-088243-7 7684: 7680: 7676: 7673: 7672:0-8071-0867-7 7669: 7665: 7662: 7659: 7644: 7640: 7638:9780820333557 7634: 7630: 7629: 7623: 7622: 7611: 7609: 7603: 7599: 7596: 7595: 7590: 7587: 7585: 7580: 7577: 7576:0-306-80464-6 7573: 7569: 7565: 7562: 7559: 7555: 7554: 7544: 7540: 7537: 7534: 7532: 7528: 7525: 7522: 7519: 7518:0-9654382-6-0 7515: 7511: 7507: 7504: 7501: 7500:0-8117-2868-4 7497: 7493: 7489: 7486: 7485:0-02-864685-1 7482: 7478: 7475: 7472: 7469: 7468:0-8032-8935-9 7465: 7461: 7457: 7454: 7453:0-8420-2875-7 7450: 7446: 7442: 7439: 7438:0-393-04758-X 7435: 7431: 7427: 7424: 7423:0-19-503863-0 7420: 7416: 7415: 7411: 7408: 7405: 7401: 7397: 7393: 7390: 7389:0-527-57600-X 7386: 7382: 7378: 7375: 7374:0-8018-6442-9 7371: 7367: 7363: 7360: 7359:0-684-85979-3 7356: 7352: 7349: 7346: 7343: 7339: 7335: 7331: 7327: 7324: 7323:0-684-84944-5 7320: 7316: 7313: 7310: 7307: 7303: 7299: 7295: 7292: 7291:0-8094-4704-5 7288: 7284: 7280: 7277: 7274: 7273:0-405-06036-X 7270: 7266: 7262: 7259: 7258:0-306-81141-3 7255: 7251: 7247: 7244: 7243:public domain 7234: 7230: 7226: 7222: 7221: 7216: 7213: 7212:0-8078-4722-4 7209: 7205: 7201: 7198: 7195: 7194: 7182: 7179: 7175: 7167: 7163: 7162: 7157: 7151: 7143: 7139: 7133: 7117: 7113: 7109: 7103: 7094: 7085: 7069: 7065: 7063:9780199743902 7059: 7055: 7054: 7046: 7039: 7035: 7031: 7028: 7027: 7020: 7011: 7002: 6993: 6985: 6981: 6974: 6965: 6949: 6945: 6941: 6935: 6926: 6917: 6908: 6899: 6892: 6888: 6885: 6881: 6876: 6867: 6865: 6863: 6861: 6851: 6842: 6833: 6824: 6815: 6799: 6795: 6791: 6785: 6769: 6765: 6759: 6750: 6741: 6732: 6723: 6714: 6698: 6694: 6690: 6684: 6675: 6666: 6657: 6648: 6639: 6630: 6621: 6612: 6605: 6599: 6583: 6579: 6575: 6569: 6560: 6551: 6549: 6547: 6530: 6526: 6522: 6515: 6499: 6495: 6494: 6489: 6482: 6473: 6464: 6457: 6453: 6450: 6446: 6441: 6432: 6423: 6414: 6405: 6386: 6382: 6375: 6372:Ted Ballard. 6368: 6359: 6357: 6347: 6338: 6331: 6327: 6324: 6319: 6312: 6308: 6304: 6301: 6296: 6294: 6292: 6284: 6278: 6276: 6268: 6262: 6253: 6251: 6241: 6232: 6223: 6214: 6205: 6196: 6180: 6176: 6172: 6166: 6157: 6148: 6139: 6130: 6121: 6112: 6103: 6094: 6085: 6083: 6075: 6071: 6068: 6064: 6063: 6059: 6054: 6052: 6044: 6039: 6032: 6028: 6025: 6021: 6020: 6016: 6011: 6009: 6001: 5997: 5994: 5990: 5986: 5983: 5979: 5974: 5972: 5970: 5962: 5958: 5955: 5952: 5951:Thomas Jordan 5948: 5944: 5941: 5938: 5934: 5933: 5928: 5924: 5921: 5915: 5913: 5911: 5903: 5899: 5896: 5892: 5891: 5887: 5882: 5880: 5872: 5868: 5865: 5861: 5856: 5854: 5846: 5842: 5839: 5835: 5830: 5814: 5810: 5806: 5800: 5793: 5789: 5786: 5781: 5779: 5774: 5765: 5762: 5760: 5757: 5755: 5752: 5750: 5747: 5745: 5742: 5740: 5737: 5736: 5732: 5721: 5714: 5712: 5708: 5704: 5700: 5696: 5686: 5683: 5676: 5672: 5667: 5658: 5656: 5652: 5651: 5646: 5642: 5638: 5637:Johnny Horton 5634: 5630: 5626: 5622: 5618: 5614: 5610: 5606: 5602: 5598: 5594: 5593: 5588: 5587: 5582: 5581: 5576: 5575: 5570: 5566: 5565: 5553: 5550: 5542: 5532: 5528: 5524: 5518: 5517: 5513: 5508:This section 5506: 5502: 5497: 5496: 5483: 5478: 5472: 5467: 5462: 5457: 5451: 5446: 5441: 5436: 5430: 5425: 5420: 5415: 5409: 5404: 5399: 5394: 5388: 5383: 5378: 5373: 5367: 5362: 5357: 5352: 5346: 5341: 5336: 5331: 5325: 5320: 5315: 5310: 5304: 5299: 5294: 5289: 5283: 5278: 5273: 5268: 5262: 5257: 5254: 5249: 5243: 5238: 5237: 5226: 5224: 5213: 5211: 5207: 5197: 5195: 5191: 5179: 5169: 5167: 5163: 5157: 5155: 5151: 5147: 5142: 5133: 5131: 5127: 5123: 5122:Robert E. Lee 5119: 5115: 5111: 5107: 5103: 5099: 5094: 5092: 5086: 5083: 5082: 5077: 5073: 5063: 5061: 5054: 5047: 5045: 5038: 5036: 5027: 5025: 5018: 5008: 5005: 5002: 4999: 4996: 4993: 4990: 4987: 4986: 4983: 4981: 4978: 4975: 4972: 4969: 4966: 4963: 4962: 4958: 4955: 4953: 4950: 4947: 4944: 4941: 4937: 4934: 4932: 4930: 4927: 4925: 4922: 4919: 4915: 4912: 4910: 4908: 4905: 4903: 4900: 4897: 4893: 4890: 4888: 4886: 4883: 4881: 4878: 4876: 4872: 4869: 4867: 4865: 4862: 4860: 4857: 4855: 4851: 4848: 4846: 4844: 4841: 4839: 4836: 4833: 4829: 4826: 4824: 4822: 4819: 4816: 4813: 4810: 4806: 4803: 4801: 4799: 4796: 4794: 4791: 4789: 4785: 4782: 4780: 4778: 4775: 4772: 4769: 4766: 4762: 4759: 4757: 4755: 4752: 4750: 4747: 4745: 4741: 4738: 4736: 4733: 4730: 4727: 4724: 4721: 4717: 4714: 4712: 4710: 4707: 4705: 4702: 4700: 4696: 4693: 4691: 4689: 4686: 4683: 4680: 4677: 4673: 4670: 4668: 4666: 4663: 4660: 4657: 4654: 4650: 4647: 4645: 4643: 4640: 4637: 4634: 4631: 4627: 4624: 4622: 4620: 4618: 4616: 4614: 4612: 4609: 4608: 4605: 4601: 4597: 4595: 4593: 4590: 4587: 4585: 4583: 4579: 4575: 4573: 4571: 4568: 4566: 4563: 4560: 4556: 4553: 4551: 4549: 4547: 4545: 4543: 4541: 4538: 4537: 4533: 4531: 4529: 4526: 4524: 4521: 4519: 4515: 4511: 4509: 4507: 4504: 4502: 4500: 4498: 4494: 4490: 4488: 4486: 4483: 4481: 4479: 4477: 4473: 4469: 4467: 4465: 4462: 4460: 4457: 4455: 4451: 4448: 4446: 4444: 4442: 4440: 4438: 4436: 4433: 4432: 4428: 4426: 4423: 4420: 4417: 4414: 4412: 4408: 4404: 4402: 4400: 4397: 4395: 4393: 4391: 4387: 4383: 4380: 4378: 4375: 4373: 4370: 4368: 4364: 4360: 4358: 4356: 4353: 4350: 4347: 4345: 4341: 4337: 4335: 4333: 4330: 4328: 4325: 4323: 4319: 4315: 4312: 4310: 4307: 4305: 4302: 4300: 4296: 4292: 4290: 4288: 4285: 4282: 4279: 4277: 4273: 4269: 4267: 4265: 4262: 4260: 4258: 4256: 4252: 4248: 4245: 4243: 4240: 4238: 4235: 4233: 4229: 4225: 4223: 4221: 4218: 4215: 4212: 4210: 4206: 4202: 4200: 4198: 4195: 4193: 4190: 4188: 4184: 4180: 4177: 4175: 4172: 4169: 4166: 4163: 4159: 4155: 4153: 4151: 4148: 4145: 4142: 4140: 4136: 4132: 4130: 4128: 4125: 4123: 4120: 4118: 4114: 4110: 4108: 4106: 4103: 4100: 4097: 4094: 4090: 4086: 4084: 4082: 4079: 4077: 4074: 4072: 4068: 4064: 4062: 4060: 4057: 4055: 4053: 4051: 4047: 4043: 4041: 4039: 4036: 4034: 4031: 4029: 4025: 4021: 4018: 4016: 4013: 4010: 4007: 4005: 4001: 3998: 3996: 3994: 3992: 3990: 3988: 3986: 3983: 3982: 3979: 3975: 3972:Enlisted Men 3966:Enlisted Men 3960:Enlisted Men 3955: 3938: 3935: 3934: 3921: 3918: 3915: 3912: 3910: 3907: 3906: 3902: 3899: 3897: 3894: 3892: 3887: 3886: 3882: 3879: 3876: 3873: 3871: 3867: 3858: 3857: 3853: 3850: 3847: 3844: 3841: 3836: 3835: 3831: 3828: 3825: 3822: 3820: 3816: 3813: 3812: 3808: 3805: 3803: 3800: 3798: 3794: 3789: 3788: 3784: 3781: 3779: 3776: 3773: 3768: 3762: 3761: 3750: 3736: 3733: 3732: 3724: 3721: 3718: 3715: 3712: 3709: 3706: 3703: 3700: 3699: 3696: 3693: 3690: 3688: 3685: 3682: 3679: 3677: 3674: 3673: 3670: 3667: 3664: 3662: 3659: 3656: 3654: 3652: 3648: 3645: 3642: 3639: 3637: 3634: 3632: 3629: 3627: 3623: 3620: 3614: 3610: 3604: 3601: 3598: 3595: 3592: 3589: 3586: 3583: 3580: 3577: 3576: 3573: 3570: 3567: 3564: 3561: 3558: 3555: 3552: 3548: 3545: 3542: 3539: 3537: 3534: 3531: 3528: 3525: 3521: 3518: 3515: 3512: 3509: 3506: 3503: 3500: 3497: 3493: 3490: 3487: 3485: 3483: 3481: 3478: 3476: 3474: 3470: 3467: 3461: 3458: 3455: 3452: 3449: 3446: 3443: 3440: 3437: 3434: 3433: 3429: 3426: 3423: 3420: 3417: 3414: 3411: 3408: 3404: 3400: 3397: 3394: 3391: 3388: 3385: 3382: 3379: 3375: 3372: 3366: 3363: 3360: 3357: 3354: 3351: 3348: 3345: 3342: 3339: 3338: 3334: 3332: 3330: 3328: 3326: 3324: 3322: 3320: 3316: 3313: 3310: 3307: 3304: 3301: 3298: 3295: 3292: 3288: 3285: 3282: 3279: 3276: 3273: 3271: 3268: 3265: 3261: 3257: 3254: 3251: 3248: 3245: 3242: 3239: 3237: 3233: 3230: 3226: 3223: 3220: 3218: 3216: 3214: 3212: 3210: 3207: 3203: 3200:Enlisted Men 3194:Enlisted Men 3188:Enlisted Men 3183: 3163: 3160: 3155: 3154: 3145: 3141: 3139: 3135: 3134:Simon Cameron 3131: 3127: 3126:James Cameron 3116: 3088: 3084: 3082: 3078: 3074: 3071: 3064: 3060: 3055: 3051: 3049: 3048:Parrott rifle 3045: 3037:Union retreat 3034: 3032: 3031: 3026: 3025: 3020: 3019: 3014: 3013: 3008: 3007: 3003: 2998: 2995: 2990: 2986: 2982: 2978: 2973: 2971: 2967: 2963: 2954: 2950: 2946: 2944: 2940: 2936: 2932: 2928: 2923: 2921: 2917: 2913: 2908: 2900: 2892: 2884: 2880: 2874: 2873: 2868: 2863: 2859: 2857: 2856:Simon Cameron 2852: 2848: 2847:J.E.B. Stuart 2844: 2840: 2836: 2832: 2823: 2815: 2811: 2809: 2805: 2800: 2797: 2782: 2780: 2779: 2774: 2773: 2768: 2767: 2762: 2761: 2757: 2752: 2750: 2746: 2742: 2738: 2734: 2730: 2726: 2722: 2719: 2714: 2711: 2707: 2703: 2698: 2688: 2682: 2677: 2673: 2671: 2667: 2663: 2659: 2658:Wilmer McLean 2646: 2641: 2637: 2634: 2624: 2616: 2610:Matthews Hill 2605:Morning phase 2592: 2590: 2589: 2585: 2581: 2577: 2573: 2569: 2565: 2561: 2557: 2554: 2546: 2543: 2540: 2537: 2534: 2531: 2528: 2526: 2525: 2522: 2520: 2518: 2516: 2513: 2510: 2503: 2500: 2498: 2495: 2492: 2490: 2488: 2481: 2477: 2474: 2472: 2470: 2467: 2464: 2457: 2453: 2450: 2448: 2446: 2443: 2440: 2433: 2429: 2426: 2424: 2422: 2419: 2416: 2409: 2405: 2402: 2400: 2398: 2395: 2392: 2385: 2365: 2354: 2343: 2340: 2335: 2334: 2325: 2323: 2322: 2318: 2314: 2310: 2306: 2302: 2298: 2295: 2292: 2291: 2283: 2280: 2277: 2274: 2271: 2268: 2265: 2262: 2261: 2257: 2254: 2252: 2250: 2248: 2246: 2244: 2240: 2236: 2233: 2231: 2229: 2227: 2225: 2223: 2219: 2215: 2212: 2210: 2208: 2206: 2204: 2202: 2198: 2194: 2191: 2189: 2187: 2185: 2183: 2181: 2177: 2173: 2170: 2168: 2166: 2164: 2162: 2160: 2156: 2152: 2149: 2147: 2145: 2143: 2141: 2139: 2137: 2133: 2130: 2128: 2125: 2122: 2120: 2118: 2116: 2112: 2109: 2107: 2104: 2101: 2099: 2097: 2095: 2091: 2088: 2086: 2083: 2080: 2078: 2076: 2074: 2072: 2068: 2065: 2063: 2061: 2059: 2056: 2053: 2051: 2049: 2045: 2042: 2040: 2038: 2036: 2033: 2030: 2028: 2026: 2022: 2019: 2017: 2015: 2013: 2010: 2007: 2005: 2003: 1999: 1996: 1994: 1992: 1990: 1987: 1984: 1981: 1977: 1974: 1972: 1970: 1968: 1965: 1962: 1959: 1955: 1952: 1950: 1948: 1946: 1943: 1940: 1937: 1933: 1930: 1928: 1926: 1924: 1921: 1918: 1915: 1911: 1908: 1906: 1904: 1902: 1899: 1896: 1893: 1889: 1886: 1884: 1882: 1880: 1877: 1874: 1871: 1867: 1847: 1830: 1827: 1822: 1821: 1818: 1817: 1808: 1804: 1801: 1797: 1794: 1790: 1787: 1783: 1782: 1780: 1776: 1772: 1771: 1766: 1762: 1758: 1755: 1751: 1748: 1744: 1741: 1737: 1734: 1730: 1727: 1723: 1720: 1716: 1713: 1709: 1708: 1706: 1705: 1700: 1699: 1691: 1687: 1679: 1674: 1671: 1667: 1659: 1654: 1653: 1652: 1651: 1646: 1642: 1627: 1624: 1623: 1619: 1615: 1611: 1607: 1603: 1599: 1588: 1585: 1582: 1579: 1576: 1573: 1570: 1568: 1567: 1564: 1562: 1559: 1556: 1553: 1550: 1545: 1540: 1536: 1533: 1530: 1527: 1524: 1521: 1516: 1511: 1507: 1504: 1501: 1498: 1495: 1492: 1491: 1480: 1469: 1466: 1461: 1460: 1451: 1448: 1445: 1442: 1439: 1438: 1434: 1431: 1428: 1425: 1421: 1417: 1414: 1411: 1408: 1404: 1400: 1397: 1394: 1391: 1389: 1385: 1381: 1378: 1375: 1372: 1368: 1364: 1361: 1358: 1355: 1351: 1347: 1344: 1341: 1338: 1334: 1330: 1327: 1324: 1321: 1317: 1313: 1310: 1307: 1304: 1300: 1296: 1294: 1292: 1289: 1285: 1281: 1278: 1277: 1266: 1258: 1255: 1250: 1249: 1245: 1243: 1235: 1231: 1230:Louis Blenker 1227: 1223: 1220: 1216: 1212: 1209: 1205: 1201: 1197: 1193: 1190: 1186: 1185:Andrew Porter 1182: 1178: 1175: 1171: 1167: 1163: 1159: 1155: 1154: 1153: 1150: 1146: 1135: 1127: 1122: 1119: 1111: 1106: 1103: 1095: 1090: 1089: 1085: 1077: 1072: 1069: 1061: 1056: 1053: 1045: 1040: 1036: 1032: 1024: 1019: 1018: 1017: 1016: 1011: 1007: 992: 990: 986: 985: 979: 977: 967: 965: 961: 957: 954: 950: 946: 942: 938: 934: 929: 925: 922: 918: 914: 910: 906: 902: 893: 885: 877: 873: 871: 867: 863: 859: 855: 852: 848: 843: 841: 837: 833: 829: 819: 817: 813: 810:, recruiting 809: 805: 804:Thomas Jordan 795: 793: 789: 786: 781: 777: 773: 763: 761: 760:Anaconda Plan 757: 753: 749: 745: 740: 738: 734: 729: 721: 720:Anaconda plan 716: 710: 706: 701: 697: 695: 692: 688: 684: 680: 676: 672: 668: 664: 660: 656: 644: 639: 631: 626: 623: 618: 610: 605: 604: 603: 602: 597: 593: 589: 585: 581: 577: 573: 569: 563: 548: 544: 542: 538: 534: 530: 526: 521: 519: 515: 511: 508: 504: 500: 495: 492: 488: 484: 480: 476: 472: 468: 465:, called the 464: 455: 447: 435: 432: 430: 427: 425: 422: 420: 417: 415: 412: 410: 407: 405: 402: 401: 398: 393: 383: 378: 376: 371: 369: 364: 363: 360: 350:1,582 wounded 346: 343: 341:1,216 missing 339:1,011 wounded 335: 332: 331: 326: 317:32,000–34,000 316: 311: 310: 309: 307: 294: 293: 292: 289: 288: 283: 280: 277: 275: 271: 267:(not engaged) 266: 263: 262: 261: 259: 253: 250: 249: 248: 245: 244: 239: 236: 232: 229: 227: 224: 223: 218: 215: 204: 201: 197: 196:United States 186: 185: 180: 172: 169: 166: 165: 160: 131: 127: 123: 119: 116: 115: 104: 101: 100: 96: 93: 89: 85: 79: 74: 71: 66: 57: 54: 40: 36: 32: 25: 20: 13024:Thoroughfare 12964:Featherstone 12722: 12607: 12585:U.S. Route 1 12311: 12183:Fort Belvoir 12153:Gunston Hall 12148:Mount Vernon 11926: 11918: 11910: 11869: 11822: 11526:Bibliography 11509:Other topics 11451:By ethnicity 11419: 11372:Trent Affair 11271:Signal Corps 11128: 10851:White League 10738:Ku Klux Klan 10651:Confederados 10578:Constitution 10450:D. D. Porter 10303:Breckinridge 10014:Rhode Island 10009:Pennsylvania 9764:Spotsylvania 9724:Stones River 9704:2nd Bull Run 9654:1st Bull Run 9653: 9540:Stones River 9441:Marine Corps 9408:Marine Corps 9247:Abolitionism 9234: 9187: 8991:Upton's Hill 8981:Minor's Hill 8976:Mason's Hill 8941:Okeley Manor 8850:Antonia Ford 8840:Clara Barton 8790:, Company F) 8686: 8458:Fort Stedman 8376:Globe Tavern 8181:2nd Bull Run 8174:Malvern Hill 8149:Gaines' Mill 8124:Williamsburg 8037:1st Bull Run 8036: 7923: 7878: 7862: 7827: 7819: 7786: 7767: 7760: 7745: 7738: 7723: 7708: 7693: 7678: 7663: 7652:February 20, 7650:. Retrieved 7627: 7605: 7593: 7583: 7567: 7557: 7509: 7491: 7476: 7459: 7444: 7429: 7412: 7395: 7394:Long, E. B. 7380: 7365: 7350: 7329: 7314: 7297: 7282: 7264: 7249: 7219: 7202:. Edited by 7199: 7174: 7159: 7150: 7142:the original 7132: 7120:. Retrieved 7116:the original 7112:visitpwc.com 7111: 7102: 7093: 7084: 7072:. Retrieved 7052: 7045: 7037: 7025: 7019: 7010: 7001: 6992: 6983: 6973: 6964: 6954:September 5, 6952:. Retrieved 6943: 6934: 6925: 6916: 6907: 6898: 6879: 6875: 6850: 6841: 6832: 6823: 6814: 6802:. Retrieved 6793: 6784: 6772:. Retrieved 6768:the original 6758: 6749: 6740: 6731: 6722: 6713: 6701:. Retrieved 6692: 6683: 6674: 6665: 6656: 6647: 6638: 6629: 6620: 6611: 6603: 6598: 6586:. Retrieved 6577: 6568: 6559: 6533:. Retrieved 6529:the original 6524: 6514: 6502:. Retrieved 6496:. New York. 6491: 6481: 6472: 6463: 6444: 6440: 6431: 6422: 6413: 6404: 6392:. Retrieved 6380: 6367: 6346: 6337: 6318: 6310: 6282: 6261: 6240: 6231: 6222: 6217:Long, p. 79. 6213: 6204: 6195: 6183:. Retrieved 6174: 6165: 6156: 6151:Long, p. 59. 6147: 6138: 6133:Long. p. 43. 6129: 6124:Long, p. 33. 6120: 6111: 6102: 6093: 6061: 6060: 6057: 6042: 6038: 6018: 6017: 6014: 5977: 5937:James B. Fry 5930: 5889: 5888: 5885: 5859: 5833: 5829: 5817:. Retrieved 5808: 5799: 5692: 5684: 5680: 5648: 5640: 5628: 5620: 5604: 5596: 5590: 5585: 5579: 5574:Class of '61 5572: 5562: 5560: 5545: 5536: 5521:Please help 5509: 5481: 5476: 5460: 5455: 5439: 5434: 5418: 5413: 5397: 5392: 5376: 5371: 5355: 5350: 5334: 5329: 5313: 5308: 5292: 5287: 5271: 5266: 5252: 5247: 5219: 5212:in general. 5203: 5186: 5165: 5158: 5143: 5139: 5095: 5087: 5079: 5070: 5059: 5056: 5051: 5043: 5040: 5031: 5020: 5016: 4988:Grand total 4603: 3977: 3932: 3931: 3730: 3729: 3701:Grand total 3158: 3152: 3151: 3142: 3122: 3099: 3085: 3067: 3040: 3028: 3022: 3016: 3010: 3004: 3001: 2999: 2989:Arnold Elzey 2974: 2972:'s brigade. 2958: 2952: 2924: 2909: 2905: 2877: 2870: 2839:Wade Hampton 2828: 2793: 2776: 2770: 2764: 2758: 2755: 2753: 2749:George Sykes 2715: 2694: 2655: 2629: 2552: 2338: 2332: 2331: 2293:Aggregates: 1825: 1820: 1819: 1815: 1814: 1768: 1702: 1689: 1669: 1464: 1458: 1457: 1253: 1247: 1246: 1239: 1218: 1181:David Hunter 1158:Daniel Tyler 1143: 1068:David Hunter 1052:Daniel Tyler 1034: 983: 980: 973: 945:David Hunter 937:Stone Bridge 933:Daniel Tyler 930: 926: 917:Daniel Tyler 898: 844: 825: 801: 798:Intelligence 769: 754:and capture 741: 725: 708: 652: 642: 621: 545: 522: 496: 466: 462: 460: 434:1st Bull Run 433: 344: 333: 305: 304: 290: 272: 264: 256: 246: 182:Belligerents 68:Part of the 53: 38: 29:This is the 23: 13014:Southbridge 13004:Minnieville 12999:Locust Hill 12934:Brentsville 12901:communities 12848:Loch Lomond 12843:Linton Hall 12838:Leesylvania 12818:Gainesville 12803:Cherry Hill 12718:County seat 12263:Silver Line 11872:(sculpture) 11332:Copperheads 11044:Confederate 10936:Black Codes 10262:E. K. Smith 10143:Confederate 10090:New Orleans 10085:Chattanooga 9949:Mississippi 9849:Connecticut 9817:territories 9808:Involvement 9769:Cold Harbor 9759:Fort Pillow 9749:Chattanooga 9744:Chickamauga 9694:Seven Pines 9684:New Orleans 9649:Fort Sumter 9590:Valley 1864 9423:Confederacy 9220:Slave Power 9200:Fire-Eaters 8727:Lewinsville 8578:Susquehanna 8573:Monongahela 8566:Departments 8453:Bentonville 8391:Cedar Creek 8351:Cold Harbor 8232:Gettysburg 8129:Seven Pines 8032:Fort Sumter 7787:Battle maps 7122:January 25, 6774:January 31, 6235:Ballard, 3. 5864:pp. 469–470 5838:pp. 314–315 5655:plan-relief 5619:'s novella 5216:Conclusions 3928:Confederate 3908:Total lost 3832:None saved 3809:None saved 3741:Commanders 2981:Jubal Early 2845:, and Col. 2729:Barnard Bee 2651: 1865 1747:Jubal Early 1635:Confederate 1219:not engaged 1172:, and Col. 976:Kirby Smith 901:Centreville 756:New Orleans 683:Fort Sumter 499:Fort Sumter 471:Confederate 424:Bunker Hill 171:Confederate 154: / 13081:Categories 13029:Wellington 12914:Agnewville 12884:Woodbridge 12858:Nokesville 12833:Lake Ridge 12828:Innovation 11716:Leadership 11565:Juneteenth 11086:Cemeteries 10963:Red Shirts 10874:Centennial 10824:Red Shirts 10232:Longstreet 10162:Beauregard 10105:Winchester 10080:Charleston 10049:Washington 9984:New Mexico 9979:New Jersey 9839:California 9815:States and 9799:Five Forks 9784:Mobile Bay 9754:Wilderness 9734:Gettysburg 9714:Perryville 9699:Seven Days 9630:Appomattox 9555:Gettysburg 9515:New Mexico 9382:Combatants 9357:Combatants 9270:John Brown 8931:Merrybrook 8715:Skirmishes 8526:Shenandoah 8463:Five Forks 8431:Appomattox 8425:Wilmington 8346:North Anna 8336:Wilderness 8319:Petersburg 8266:Gettysburg 7190:References 6588:October 8, 6185:October 2, 6175:Senate.gov 5993:p. 568–569 5629:The Titans 5625:John Jakes 5081:Enterprise 5044:Donnybrook 4434:ARTILLERY 3952:Aggregate 3903:One saved 3744:Guns lost 3738:Batteries 3063:Louis Lang 2966:Rebel yell 2829:Brig. Gen 2785:Noon phase 2670:D.R. Jones 2583:Artillery 2362:Artillery 2316:Artillery 1844:Artillery 1779:Shenandoah 1683:Brig. Gen. 1663:Brig. Gen. 1617:Artillery 1542:Maj. Gen. 1488:Artillery 1274:Aggregate 1099:Brig. Gen. 1081:Brig. Gen. 1065:Brig. Gen. 1049:Brig. Gen. 1035:Commanding 1028:Brig. Gen. 984:Enterprise 780:West Point 551:Background 491:Union Army 419:Hoke's Run 352:13 missing 348:387 killed 337:481 killed 142:77°31′21″W 139:38°48′54″N 109:1861-07-21 88:Union Army 13043:Footnotes 13034:West Gate 12969:Greenwich 12954:Catharpin 12924:Batestown 12889:Yorkshire 12853:Montclair 12813:Dale City 12748:Haymarket 12642:Education 12492:Landmarks 12330:Education 12126:Landmarks 11925:USS 11919:Stonewall 11917:USS 11911:Stonewall 11543:Espionage 11337:Diplomacy 11305:Political 11261:POW camps 11007:Monuments 10834:Scalawags 10829:Redeemers 10567:Aftermath 10516:Pinkerton 10455:Rosecrans 10420:McClellan 10323:Memminger 10059:Wisconsin 10024:Tennessee 9944:Minnesota 9919:Louisiana 9794:Nashville 9739:Vicksburg 9669:Pea Ridge 9620:Carolinas 9575:Red River 9570:Knoxville 9550:Tullahoma 9545:Vicksburg 9525:Peninsula 9497:campaigns 9363:Campaigns 9140:Secession 8916:Hope Park 8587:Landforms 8559:Geography 8433:(Mar–Apr) 8427:(Dec–Feb) 8418:Campaigns 8315:(May–Jun) 8303:(Apr–May) 8288:Campaigns 8246:(Nov–Dec) 8240:(Oct–Nov) 8234:(Jun–Jul) 8228:(Apr–May) 8222:(Mar–Apr) 8213:Campaigns 8139:Oak Grove 8098:(Nov–Dec) 8086:(Jul-Sep) 8080:(Mar–Jul) 8078:Peninsula 8074:(Mar–Jun) 8068:(Feb–Jun) 8059:Campaigns 8011:(Oct–Dec) 7996:(Jun–Dec) 7983:Campaigns 5539:July 2018 5510:does not 5114:John Pope 4610:INFANTRY 4475:Latham's 3984:INFANTRY 3969:Officers 3963:Officers 3957:Officers 3197:Officers 3191:Officers 3185:Officers 3091:Aftermath 2939:Ellsworth 2916:brigade's 2731:and Col. 2567:Infantry 2379:Officers 2373:Officers 2367:Officers 2356:Infantry 2300:Infantry 1861:Officers 1855:Officers 1849:Officers 1838:Infantry 1832:Commands 1601:Infantry 1505:Officers 1499:Officers 1493:Officers 1482:Infantry 1279:Officers 1268:For duty 1260:Commands 1131:Maj. Gen. 851:Maj. Gen. 785:President 703:Lt. Gen. 691:President 661:from the 659:secession 12974:Groveton 12959:Cornwell 12944:Buckland 12879:Triangle 12793:Bull Run 12788:Buckhall 12758:Quantico 12753:Occoquan 12743:Dumfries 12725:Manassas 12555:OmniRide 11971:Virginia 11657:Category 11498:Seminole 11488:Cherokee 11241:Medicine 11194:Military 11107:Veterans 10941:Jim Crow 10706:timeline 10501:Ericsson 10484:Civilian 10465:Sheridan 10425:McDowell 10385:Farragut 10370:Burnside 10360:Anderson 10353:Military 10333:Stephens 10293:Benjamin 10286:Civilian 10172:Buchanan 10150:Military 10095:Richmond 10044:Virginia 9989:New York 9964:Nebraska 9954:Missouri 9939:Michigan 9929:Maryland 9914:Kentucky 9889:Illinois 9864:Delaware 9844:Colorado 9829:Arkansas 9789:Franklin 9709:Antietam 9580:Overland 9535:Maryland 9454:Theaters 9360:Theaters 8521:Virginia 8313:Overland 8244:Mine Run 8186:Antietam 8169:Glendale 8090:Maryland 8000:Manassas 7889:Archived 7868:LibriVox 7843:Archived 7791:Archived 7643:Archived 7598:Archived 7539:Archived 7527:Archived 7404:68283123 7227:, 2003. 7074:June 15, 7068:Archived 7030:Archived 6948:Archived 6887:Archived 6804:March 1, 6798:Archived 6703:March 1, 6697:Archived 6582:Archived 6535:March 5, 6504:March 5, 6498:Archived 6452:Archived 6394:March 1, 6385:Archived 6326:Archived 6303:Archived 6179:Archived 6070:Archived 6027:Archived 5996:Archived 5985:Archived 5957:Archived 5943:Archived 5923:Archived 5898:Archived 5867:Archived 5841:Archived 5819:March 1, 5813:Archived 5788:Archived 5717:See also 5675:Virginia 5671:Manassas 5621:Manassas 5597:Manassas 5120:by Gen. 4581:Hanover 4539:CAVALRY 4496:Loudoun 3949:Missing 3946:Wounded 3940:Command 3868:Captain 3817:Captain 3797:Ricketts 3795:Captain 3767:Parrotts 3747:Remarks 3180:Remarks 3174:Missing 3171:Wounded 2941:'s Fire 2927:enfilade 2841:and his 2575:Cavalry 2359:Cavalry 2308:Cavalry 1841:Cavalry 1609:Cavalry 1485:Cavalry 1263:Present 1145:McDowell 913:division 909:outflank 836:Richmond 832:Bull Run 514:Bull Run 483:Manassas 285:Strength 130:Virginia 117:Location 35:reviewed 12939:Bristow 12919:Antioch 12601:Battles 12594:Culture 12300:Battles 12293:Culture 12251:Transit 11937:Related 11624:Related 11493:Choctaw 11483:Catawba 11266:Rations 11211:Cavalry 11073:Removal 10701:efforts 10685:of 1873 10531:Stevens 10526:Stanton 10511:Lincoln 10470:Sherman 10405:Halleck 10395:Frémont 10380:Du Pont 10318:Mallory 10277:Wheeler 10212:Jackson 10192:Forrest 10132:Leaders 10075:Atlanta 10039:Vermont 9959:Montana 9899:Indiana 9874:Georgia 9869:Florida 9834:Arizona 9824:Alabama 9774:Atlanta 9689:Corinth 9641:battles 9585:Atlanta 9565:Bristoe 9466:Western 9461:Eastern 9366:Battles 9165:Slavery 9069:Origins 9055:Origins 8786:(later 8655:Battles 8516:Potomac 8238:Bristoe 8024:battles 7900:at the 7763:(2014). 7338:5890637 5920:Ballard 5809:Nps.gov 5531:removed 5516:sources 5146:general 5100:, near 3943:Killed 3870:Griffin 3755:Smooth 3752:Rifled 3168:Killed 3165:Troops 3110:⁄ 2994:regular 2943:Zouaves 2593:10,654 2570:10,010 2348:Troops 2326:21,863 2303:19,569 1628:14,344 1604:13,691 1474:Troops 1452:35,732 1168:, Col. 1164:, Col. 939:on the 866:brigade 173:victory 107: ( 13009:Rixlew 12989:Joplin 12984:Hoadly 12949:Canova 12929:Bethel 12874:Sudley 12622:Events 11957:Portal 11667:Portal 11605:Tokens 10541:Welles 10521:Seward 10506:Hamlin 10475:Thomas 10410:Hooker 10375:Butler 10328:Seddon 10313:Hunter 10298:Bocock 10272:Taylor 10267:Stuart 10257:Semmes 10237:Morgan 10197:Gorgas 10177:Cooper 10068:Cities 10004:Oregon 9969:Nevada 9909:Kansas 9879:Hawaii 9779:Crater 9679:Shiloh 9639:Major 9625:Mobile 9495:Major 9369:States 9320:Caning 8833:People 8491:Armies 8366:Crater 8022:Major 7752: 7730: 7715: 7700: 7685: 7670: 7635: 7574: 7516: 7498: 7483: 7466: 7451: 7436: 7421: 7402: 7387: 7372: 7357: 7336: 7321: 7304: 7289: 7271: 7256: 7231: 7210: 7060: 6884:p. 328 6449:p. 187 6067:p. 570 6024:p. 327 5982:p. 187 5895:p. 309 5641:Shaman 5477:Map 12 5456:Map 11 5435:Map 10 5154:JORDAN 5035:Seward 3819:Arnold 3758:Total 3722:2,708 3599:1,068 3177:Total 2600:Battle 2529:Total 2311:1,468 2272:18,354 2263:Total 1625:Total 1577:13,047 1571:Total 1449:34,127 1446:35,614 1440:Total 1382:6,207 1365:5,752 1348:9,777 1331:2,648 1314:9,936 1308:12,226 1271:Total 1206:, and 590:; and 414:Vienna 295:35,732 211: 193: 167:Result 12735:Towns 12220:Roads 11410:Dixie 11397:Music 11016:Union 10860:Post- 10696:trial 10496:Chase 10491:Adams 10460:Scott 10435:Meigs 10430:Meade 10400:Grant 10390:Foote 10365:Buell 10346:Union 10308:Davis 10252:Price 10242:Mosby 10187:Ewell 10182:Early 10167:Bragg 10029:Texas 9924:Maine 9884:Idaho 9390:Union 8884:Sites 8757:Units 8736:Raids 8511:James 8309:(May) 8104:(Dec) 8092:(Sep) 8002:(Jul) 7646:(PDF) 6388:(PDF) 6377:(PDF) 6043:2,896 5954:cites 5940:cites 5770:Notes 5647:. In 5605:Rebel 5414:Map 9 5393:Map 8 5372:Map 7 5351:Map 6 5330:Map 5 5309:Map 4 5288:Map 3 5267:Map 2 5248:Map 1 5210:South 5000:1,519 4976:1,029 3719:1,176 3148:Union 2796:Capt. 2718:Major 2535:9,396 2468:2,106 2444:2,629 2420:2,391 2396:2,043 2278:1,383 2269:1,215 1988:2,356 1966:3,065 1944:2,364 1922:1,989 1900:2,307 1878:4,070 1554:6,410 1525:6,637 1443:1,707 1379:5,917 1376:5,884 1362:5,502 1359:5,201 1345:9,385 1342:8,680 1328:2,525 1325:2,364 1311:9,494 1000:Union 663:Union 635:Pres. 614:Pres. 345:1,982 334:2,708 200:Union 12994:Kopp 12909:Aden 12780:CDPs 11909:CSS 11595:Salt 11201:Arms 11051:List 11023:List 10536:Wade 10445:Pope 10415:Hunt 10247:Polk 10207:Hood 10202:Hill 10034:Utah 9999:Ohio 9904:Iowa 9436:Navy 9431:Army 9403:Navy 9398:Army 8410:1865 8280:1864 8205:1863 8051:1862 7974:1861 7750:ISBN 7728:ISBN 7713:ISBN 7698:ISBN 7683:ISBN 7668:ISBN 7654:2018 7633:ISBN 7572:ISBN 7514:ISBN 7496:ISBN 7481:ISBN 7464:ISBN 7449:ISBN 7434:ISBN 7419:ISBN 7400:OCLC 7385:ISBN 7370:ISBN 7355:ISBN 7334:OCLC 7319:ISBN 7302:ISBN 7287:ISBN 7269:ISBN 7254:ISBN 7229:ISBN 7208:ISBN 7124:2011 7076:2017 7058:ISBN 6986:: 8. 6956:2022 6806:2022 6776:2019 6705:2022 6590:2020 6537:2016 6506:2016 6396:2022 6187:2020 5991:and 5821:2022 5514:any 5512:cite 5009:632 4959:632 4249:121 3694:119 3643:116 3571:345 3543:429 3516:293 3456:666 3427:189 3398:477 3361:854 3311:581 3255:223 3079:and 3027:and 2775:and 2691:Run. 2586:278 2578:334 2547:263 2382:Men 2376:Men 2370:Men 2319:826 2284:775 2258:275 2153:201 1864:Men 1858:Men 1852:Men 1767:The 1701:The 1620:258 1612:395 1589:251 1537:251 1508:Men 1502:Men 1496:Men 1418:573 1401:745 1282:Men 1232:and 1187:and 1115:Col. 953:Col. 947:and 845:The 489:The 461:The 124:and 102:Date 12199:Air 10440:Ord 10227:Lee 5627:'s 5611:'s 5525:by 5124:'s 5116:'s 4994:362 4970:263 4951:490 4928:101 4906:122 4842:100 4687:153 4664:122 4641:151 4429:40 4361:19 4316:30 4293:47 4241:100 4226:28 4203:26 4181:96 4156:48 4111:38 4087:11 4044:26 4022:48 3919:25 3713:947 3707:462 3596:382 3590:452 3584:186 3568:174 3562:108 3540:186 3535:161 3507:183 3453:295 3447:224 3441:118 3395:236 3389:139 3358:404 3352:254 3346:152 3308:240 3302:193 3296:117 3283:50 3252:149 3033:.) 2833:'s 2781:.) 2562:32 2541:313 2532:614 2514:227 2496:313 2478:45 2465:156 2454:78 2441:161 2430:59 2417:155 2406:81 2393:128 2237:82 2216:55 2195:86 2174:76 2126:545 2105:196 2084:642 2057:627 2034:803 2011:773 1985:261 1963:208 1941:160 1919:128 1897:133 1875:211 1583:381 1574:644 1551:322 1531:307 1522:322 1435:73 1415:534 1412:519 1398:707 1395:684 1373:289 1356:247 1339:382 1322:121 1305:569 1297:21 1147:'s 1033:, ( 864:'s 742:In 709:USA 685:in 643:CSA 622:USA 469:by 37:on 13083:: 12721:: 12706:, 7922:. 7784:: 7641:. 7604:: 7566:. 7508:. 7235:. 7164:. 7158:. 7110:. 7066:. 6982:. 6946:. 6942:. 6859:^ 6792:. 6695:. 6691:. 6576:. 6545:^ 6523:. 6490:. 6383:. 6379:. 6355:^ 6290:^ 6274:^ 6249:^ 6177:. 6173:. 6081:^ 6076:). 6050:^ 6033:). 6007:^ 5968:^ 5909:^ 5904:). 5878:^ 5852:^ 5811:. 5807:. 5777:^ 5673:, 5595:. 5225:. 5132:. 5006:12 4997:63 4991:25 4973:34 4967:19 4956:12 4948:29 4945:99 4923:44 4901:18 4884:10 4863:47 4837:30 4820:69 4814:15 4776:46 4770:22 4753:21 4731:79 4725:21 4681:38 4661:12 4658:18 4635:36 4598:4 4576:9 4534:3 4512:3 4491:1 4470:3 4424:29 4405:9 4384:6 4354:12 4338:4 4308:23 4286:37 4270:6 4236:19 4219:20 4196:23 4173:70 4167:10 4149:37 4133:4 4104:28 4065:6 4037:23 4014:33 3913:17 3900:5 3880:5 3851:4 3829:4 3806:6 3782:1 3716:40 3710:64 3704:19 3691:95 3686:17 3668:3 3640:94 3635:16 3593:10 3587:32 3556:48 3532:11 3529:70 3513:22 3504:13 3501:68 3488:1 3450:11 3444:12 3424:59 3418:85 3412:35 3383:83 3355:19 3349:19 3305:13 3299:15 3280:15 3274:15 3269:16 3246:46 3240:19 3221:1 3132:, 3021:, 3015:, 3009:, 2869:, 2769:, 2763:, 2648:c. 2544:15 2538:21 2511:14 2493:21 2281:51 2275:85 2266:22 2255:18 2150:19 2123:38 2102:13 2081:34 2054:27 2031:43 2008:44 1688:, 1668:, 1580:14 1560:74 1528:11 1432:63 1429:56 1409:39 1392:37 1290:19 1202:, 722:". 586:; 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Knowledge

First Battle of Bull Run

Index