527:
496:
465:
374:
4888:
434:
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3690:
2828:
592:
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34:
624:
403:
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561:
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The average tariff levels for the major GATT participants were about 22 per cent in 1947. As a result of the first negotiating rounds, tariffs were reduced in the GATT core of the United States, United
Kingdom, Canada, and Australia, relative to other contracting parties and non-GATT participants. By
860:
However, this part of the outcome was disallowed by
Congress, and the American Selling Price was not abolished until Congress adopted the results of the Tokyo Round. The results on agriculture overall were poor. The most notable achievement was agreement on a Memorandum of Agreement on Basic Elements
856:
In the end, the result was an average 35% reduction in tariffs, except for textiles, chemicals, steel and other sensitive products; plus a 15% to 18% reduction in tariffs for agricultural and food products. In addition, the negotiations on chemicals led to a provisional agreement on the abolition of
819:
Japan's high economic growth rate portended the major role it would play later as an exporter, but the focal point of the
Kennedy Round always was the United States–EEC relationship. Indeed, there was an influential American view that saw what became the Kennedy Round as the start of a transatlantic
815:
As the Dillon Round went through the laborious process of item-by-item tariff negotiations, it became clear, long before the Round ended, that a more comprehensive approach was needed to deal with the emerging challenges resulting from the formation of the
European Economic Community (EEC) and EFTA,
270:
Agreements. The WTO is the successor to the GATT, and the original GATT text (GATT 1947) is still in effect under the WTO framework, subject to the modifications of GATT 1994. Nations that were not party in 1995 to the GATT need to meet the minimum conditions spelled out in specific documents before
868:
Their main achievement at the time, however, was seen to be the adoption of Part IV of the GATT, which absolved them from according reciprocity to developed countries in trade negotiations. In the view of many developing countries, this was a direct result of the call at UNCTAD I for a better trade
864:
The EEC claimed that for it the main result of the negotiations on agriculture was that they "greatly helped to define its own common policy". The developing countries, who played a minor role throughout the negotiations in this round, benefited nonetheless from substantial tariff cuts particularly
823:
To an extent, this view was shared in Europe, but the process of
European unification created its own stresses under which the Kennedy Round at times became a secondary focus for the EEC. An example of this was the French veto in January 1963, before the round had even started, on membership by the
615:
The round led to the creation of WTO, and extended the range of trade negotiations, leading to major reductions in tariffs (about 40%) and agricultural subsidies, an agreement to allow full access for textiles and clothing from developing countries, and an extension of intellectual property rights.
876:
Another outcome of the
Kennedy Round was the adoption of an Anti-dumping Code, which gave more precise guidance on the implementation of Article VI of the GATT. In particular, it sought to ensure speedy and fair investigations, and it imposed limits on the retrospective application of anti-dumping
827:
Another was the internal crisis of 1965, which ended in the
Luxembourg Compromise. Preparations for the new round were immediately overshadowed by the Chicken War, an early sign of the impact variable levies under the Common Agricultural Policy would eventually have. Some participants in the Round
294:
During the 1940s, the United States sought to establish a set of post-war multilateral institutions, one of which would be devoted to the reconstruction of world trade. In 1945 and 1946, the U.S. took concrete steps to bring about such an organisation, proposing a conference to negotiate a charter
1163:
and others as being unrealistic given the requirement in paragraph 5c of the treaty that there be an agreement between the parties for paragraph 5b to be of use as, in the event of a "no-deal" scenario, there would be no agreement. Moreover, critics of the GATT 24 approach point out that services
852:
The EEC accordingly argued for an evening-out or harmonisation of peaks and troughs through its cerement, double cart and thirty: ten proposals. Once negotiations had been joined, the lofty working hypothesis was soon undermined. The special-structure countries (Australia, Canada, New
Zealand and
848:
The working hypothesis for the tariff negotiations was a linear tariff cut of 50% with the smallest number of exceptions. A drawn-out argument developed about the trade effects a uniform linear cut would have on the dispersed rates (low and high tariffs quite far apart) of the United States as
872:
There has been argument ever since whether this symbolic gesture was a victory for them, or whether it ensured their exclusion in the future from meaningful participation in the multilateral trading system. On the other hand, there was no doubt that the extension of the Long-Term
Arrangement
1111:
The prosperity of the world economy over the past half century owes a great deal to the growth of world trade which, in turn, is partly the result of farsighted officials who created the GATT. They established a set of procedures giving stability to the trade-policy environment and thereby
955:, with only mild caveats. However, by the time of the Uruguay round, many countries considered the exception of agriculture to be sufficiently glaring that they refused to sign a new deal without some movement on agricultural products. These fourteen countries came to be known as the "
1099:
status, ensuring increased transparency of trade policy measures, and providing a forum for future negotiations and for the peaceful resolution of bilateral disputes. All of these elements contributed to the rationalization of trade policy and the reduction of trade barriers and
1042:
and with membership negotiations later split in two), is not recognised as a direct SFRY successor state; therefore, its application is considered a new (non-GATT) one. The
General Council of WTO, on 4 May 2010, agreed to establish a working party to examine the request of
1090:
In addition to facilitating applied tariff reductions, the early GATT's contribution to trade liberalisation "include binding the negotiated tariff reductions for an extended period (made more permanent in 1955), establishing the generality of non-discrimination through
274:
The GATT, and its successor the WTO, have succeeded in reducing tariffs. The average tariff levels for the major GATT participants were about 22% in 1947, but were 5% after the Uruguay Round in 1999. Experts attribute part of these tariff changes to GATT and the WTO.
857:
the American Selling Price (ASP). This was a method of valuing some chemicals used by the noted States for the imposition of import duties which gave domestic manufacturers a much higher level of protection than the tariff schedule indicated.
897:
Reduced tariffs and established new regulations aimed at controlling the proliferation of non-tariff barriers and voluntary export restrictions. 102 countries took part in the round. Concessions were made on $ 19 billion worth of trade.
699:, England in 1951. Thirty-eight countries took part in the round. 8,700 tariff concessions were made totalling the remaining amount of tariffs to ¾ of the tariffs which were in effect in 1948. The contemporaneous rejection by the U.S. of the
1112:
facilitating the rapid growth of world trade. With the long run in view, the original GATT conferees helped put the world economy on a sound foundation and thereby improved the livelihood of hundreds of millions of people around the world.
970:
agreement in agricultural products in the history of trade negotiations. The goals of the agreement were to improve market access for agricultural products, reduce domestic support of agriculture in the form of price-distorting
662:
Preparatory sessions were held simultaneously at the UNCTE regarding the GATT. After several of these sessions, 23 nations signed the GATT on 30 October 1947 in Geneva, Switzerland. It came into force on 1 January 1948.
873:
Regarding International Trade in Cotton Textiles, which later became the Multi-Fiber Arrangement, for three years until 1970 led to the longer-term impairment of export opportunities for developing countries.
1129:, hence preventing the introduction of tariffs. According to proponents of this approach, it could be used to implement an interim agreement pending negotiation of a final agreement lasting up to ten years.
811:
in recognition of his support for the reformulation of the United States trade agenda, which resulted in the Trade Expansion Act of 1962. This Act gave the President the widest-ever negotiating authority.
2047:
6635:
247:. According to its preamble, its purpose was the "substantial reduction of tariffs and other trade barriers and the elimination of preferences, on a reciprocal and mutually advantageous basis."
743:, who first proposed the talks. Twenty-six countries took part in the round. Along with reducing over $ 4.9 billion in tariffs, it also yielded discussion relating to the creation of the
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South Africa), so called because their exports were dominated by raw materials and other primary commodities, negotiated their tariff reductions entirely through the item-by-item method.
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2020:
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and quotas, eliminate over time export subsidies on agricultural products and to harmonise to the extent possible sanitary and phytosanitary measures between member countries.
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1125:, supporters of leaving the EU suggested that Article 24, paragraph 5B of the treaty could be used to maintain a "standstill" in trading conditions between the UK and the EU
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1989:
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The GATT was first discussed during the United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment and was the outcome of the failure of negotiating governments to create the
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agreements created selective trading and caused fragmentation among members. WTO arrangements are generally a multilateral agreement settlement mechanism of GATT.
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had been concerned that the convening of UNCTAD, scheduled for 1964, would result in further complications, but its impact on the actual negotiations was minimal.
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The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade is a multi-national trade treaty. It has been updated in a series of global trade negotiations consisting of nine
311:(IMF). More than 50 nations negotiated ITO and organising its founding charter, but after the withdrawal of the United States these negotiations collapsed.
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Bown, Chad P.; Irwin, Douglas A. (2017). Elsig, Manfred; Hoekman, Bernard; Pauwelyn, Joost (eds.). "The GATT's Starting Point: Tariff Levels circa 1947".
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In 1993, the GATT was updated ('GATT 1994') to include new obligations upon its signatories. One of the most significant changes was the creation of the
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became the founding members of the WTO on 1 January 1995. The other 51 GATT members rejoined the WTO in the following two years (the last being
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in 1997). Since the founding of the WTO, 33 new non-GATT members have joined and 22 are currently negotiating membership. There are a total of
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began in 1986. It was the most ambitious round to date, as of 1986, hoping to expand the competence of the GATT to important new areas such as
77:
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the Kennedy round (1962–67), the average tariff levels of GATT participants were about 15%. After the Uruguay Round, tariffs were under 5%.
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2012:
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in 1955 and lasted until May 1956. Twenty-six countries took part in the round. $ 2.5 billion in tariffs were eliminated or reduced.
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1958:
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1074:. Although it was designed to serve multilateral agreements, during several rounds of GATT negotiations (particularly the Tokyo Round)
1299:
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Tariffs, non-tariff measures, rules, services, intellectual property, dispute settlement, textiles, agriculture, creation of WTO, etc.
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66:
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1981:
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compared to the much more concentrated rates of the EEC which also tended to be in the lower held of United States tariff rates.
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on 30 October 1947, and was applied on a provisional basis 1 January 1948. It remained in effect until 1 January 1995, when the
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681:, France. 13 countries took part in the round. The main focus of the talks was more tariff reductions, around 5,000 in total.
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for the Negotiation of a World Grants Arrangement, which eventually was rolled into a new International Grains Arrangement.
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Tariffs, non-tariff measures, agriculture, labor standards, environment, competition, investment, transparency, patents etc.
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Goldstein, Judith (11 May 2017). "Trading in the Twenty-First Century: Is There a Role for the World Trade Organization?".
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and lasted from 1960 to 1962. The talks were named after U.S. Treasury Secretary and former Under Secretary of State,
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was also the first set of multilateral trade negotiations in which developing countries had played an active role.
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The sixth round of GATT multilateral trade negotiations, held from 1964 to 1967. It was named after U.S. President
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Measures for the expansion of trade of developing countries as a means of furthering their economic development,
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1144:. However, this plan was rejected by parliament. The claim that Article 24 might be used was also adopted by
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Agriculture was essentially exempted from previous agreements as it was given special status in the areas of
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1438:"Institutions in International Relations: Understanding the Effects of the GATT and the WTO on World Trade"
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is in the decision stage of the negotiations and is expected to become a member of the WTO in the future.
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959:", and included mostly small and medium-sized agricultural exporters such as Australia, Brazil, Canada,
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1322:"Acc Protocols of accession for new members since 1995, including commitments in goods and services"
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with its own headquarters and staff, and its scope includes both traded goods and trade within the
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2098:"What is GATT 24: What is the WTO clause at the centre of Andrew Neil's grilling of Boris Johnson"
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940:, intellectual property, textiles, and agriculture. 123 countries took part in the round. The
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between 1947 and 1995. Its role in international trade was largely succeeded in 1995 by the
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303:(ITO) was one of the ideas proposed. It was hoped that the ITO would be run alongside the
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1395:; Rivers, Douglas (May 2007). "Do We Really Know That the WTO Increases Trade? Comment".
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Countries exchanged some 8,700 tariff concessions, cutting the 1948 tariff levels by 25%
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Member states of the World Trade Organization § List of members and accession dates
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The Agreement on Agriculture of the Uruguay Round continues to be the most substantial
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took place from 1962 to 1967. $ 40 billion in tariffs were eliminated or reduced.
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as well as Europe's re-emergence as a significant international trader more generally.
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In May 1963 Ministers reached agreement on three negotiating objectives for the round
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Trade Talks Episode 9: Happy 70th GATTiversary – The Origins of Multilateral Trade
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Trade and the American Dream: A Social History of Postwar Trade Policy & Co.
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1538:. The American Law Institute Reporters Studies on WTO Law. Cambridge, England:
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partnership that might ultimately lead to a transatlantic economic community.
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1716:"Multilateral Trade Bargaining: A First Look at the GATT Bargaining Records"
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1929:"2010 News items – Working party established on Syria's membership request"
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The claim that Article 24 might be used in this way has been criticised by
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Measures for access to markets for agricultural and other primary products.
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Signing of GATT, 45,000 tariff concessions affecting $ 10 billion of trade
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3438:
3428:
3378:
3185:
2318:
2070:
1734:
1156:
1016:
892:
566:
526:
495:
464:
373:
2171:
1715:
784:
for information on how to incorporate it into this article's main text.
5677:
5244:
3603:
3598:
3463:
3388:
3247:
3165:
3145:
2452:
2448:
2430:
2405:
2293:
2153:
1052:
1051:
ended official agreement of the "GATT 1947" terms on 31 December 1995.
304:
2213:
2013:"Here's our plan for an orderly no-deal Brexit, and delivered on time"
1772:
Super Imperialism: The Origin and Fundamentals of U.S. World Dominance
1530:
Sykes, Alan O.; Irwin, Douglas A.; Mavroidis, Petros C., eds. (2008).
5300:
3274:
3098:
2997:
2400:
2333:
2188:
1628:
Timeline: World Trade Organization – A chronology of key events
1436:
Goldstein, Judith L.; Rivers, Douglas; Tomz, Michael (January 2007).
1062:
Whilst GATT was a set of rules agreed upon by nations, the WTO is an
972:
960:
263:
841:
Reduction or elimination of tariffs and other barriers to trade, and
187:
ratification by territories representing 85% of trade of signatories
33:
2527:
1160:
703:
signified the establishment of the GATT as a governing world body.
295:
for a trade organisation. The GATT was first conceived at the 1947
271:
they can accede; in September 2019, the list contained 36 nations.
4903:
1685:"Understanding the WTO – The GATT years: from Havana to Marrakesh"
6636:
Treaties extended to Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha
2481:
1027:
1012:
696:
647:
The round has not yet concluded. The last agreement to date, the
591:
240:
4871:
Special administrative regions of the People's Republic of China
2852:
2044:"British MPs have voted against a no-deal Brexit. So, what now?"
3700:
2323:
1122:
1056:
736:
718:
678:
402:
255:
228:
172:
4878:
Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu
914:, the United States, Japan and Canada, to influence the GATT.
2071:"Gatt 24: Would obscure trade rule help with no-deal Brexit?"
1296:"Uruguay Round – General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1994"
1044:
1023:
623:
560:
231:
between many countries, whose overall purpose was to promote
6711:
Treaties extended to the British Western Pacific Territories
6681:
Treaties extended to the Crown Colony of Trinidad and Tobago
1774:, 2nd ed. (London and Sterling, VA: Pluto Press, 2003), 258.
1047:
for WTO membership. The contracting parties who founded the
6611:
Treaties extended to the Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria
5547:
1944 Democratic Party vice presidential candidate selection
5231:
2159:
McKenzie, Francine (Summer 2008). "GATT and the Cold War,"
1714:
Bagwell, Kyle; Staiger, Robert W.; Yurukoglu, Ali (2020).
1127:
in the event of the UK leaving the EU without a trade deal
4873:, participating as "Hong Kong, China" and "Macao, China".
1123:
United Kingdom's vote to withdraw from the European Union
1107:
According to Dartmouth economic historian Douglas Irwin,
1048:
901:
584:
Tariff reductions worth more than $ 300 billion achieved
195:
2144:
Irwin, Douglas A. "The GATT in Historical Perspective,"
262:(WTO) was established after agreement by 123 nations in
16:
1947–95 multilateral trade agreement; predecessor to WTO
6521:
Treaties extended to the Gambia Colony and Protectorate
6446:
Treaties extended to the French Protectorate of Tunisia
1713:
519:
Tariff concessions worth $ 4.9 billion of world trade
6676:
Treaties extended to the Kingdom of Tonga (1900–1970)
3864:
Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights
2189:
GATT Digital Library 1947–1994 at Stanford University
1209:"General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade. Treaty data"
553:
Tariff concessions worth $ 40 billion of world trade
6536:
Treaties extended to the Gold Coast (British colony)
581:
Tariffs, non-tariff measures, "framework" agreements
6641:
Treaties extended to the Crown Colony of Seychelles
6531:
Treaties extended to the Gilbert and Ellice Islands
5425:
Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act
4876:
Officially the Republic of China, participates as "
2601:
Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf
1982:"Trade rules that would mean no tariffs for decade"
1529:
1435:
1390:
58:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
6651:Treaties extended to the Crown Colony of Singapore
6486:Treaties extended to the Bechuanaland Protectorate
1081:
426:Countries exchanged some 5,000 tariff concessions
6606:Treaties extended to the Dominion of Newfoundland
6586:Treaties extended to the British Windward Islands
2622:Economic and Monetary Community of Central Africa
297:United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment
6656:Treaties extended to the British Solomon Islands
6581:Treaties extended to the British Leeward Islands
5882:
2570:Customs Union of Belarus, Kazakhstan, and Russia
2554:South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation
6646:Treaties extended to the Colony of Sierra Leone
5608:United States Senate election in Missouri, 1934
5573:Harry S. Truman home and National Historic Site
1587:"General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)"
1270:"WTO legal texts: The Uruguay Round agreements"
865:in non-agricultural items of interest to them.
6696:Treaties extended to the Sultanate of Zanzibar
6591:Treaties extended to the Crown Colony of Malta
6466:Treaties extended to the Colony of the Bahamas
6441:Treaties extended to Saint Pierre and Miquelon
2148:Vol. 85, No. 2, (May 1995), pp. 323–328.
1132:This claim formed the basis of the so-called "
205:Executive Secretary to the Contracting Parties
6666:Treaties extended to Swaziland (protectorate)
6381:Treaties extended to French Equatorial Africa
6361:Treaties extended to Curaçao and Dependencies
5986:Treaties of the Republic of China (1912–1949)
4919:
4714:
3732:
2868:
2229:
2041:
1871:"Withdrawal of the Government of the Lebanon"
1164:would not be covered by such an arrangement.
328:
6691:Treaties extended to the Uganda Protectorate
6576:Treaties extended to the Sheikhdom of Kuwait
6241:Treaties of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
5657:1952 Democratic Party presidential primaries
3746:
1723:American Economic Journal: Applied Economics
1639:Brakman-Garretsen-Marrewijk-Witteloostuijn,
1150:2019 campaign to lead the Conservative Party
999:(WTO). The 76 existing GATT members and the
6671:Treaties extended to Tanganyika (territory)
6476:Treaties extended to the Colony of Barbados
6471:Treaties extended to Bahrain (protectorate)
6366:Treaties extended to Surinam (Dutch colony)
6026:Treaties entered into by the European Union
5532:Presidential Library, Museum, and gravesite
5014:1952 Puerto Rican constitutional referendum
2549:Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership
978:
21:"GATT" redirects here. For other uses, see
6496:Treaties extended to Brunei (protectorate)
6456:Treaties extended to the Aden Protectorate
6371:Treaties extended to the Dutch East Indies
5396:Federal Regulation of Lobbying Act of 1946
4926:
4912:
3739:
3725:
2875:
2861:
2236:
2222:
2168:Free Trade, Free World: The Advent of GATT
1203:
1201:
1199:
335:
321:
6631:Treaties extended to Qatar (protectorate)
6626:Treaties extended to the Pitcairn Islands
6511:Treaties extended to the Falkland Islands
6461:Treaties extended to Anglo-Egyptian Sudan
5966:Treaties of the Second Brazilian Republic
5119:Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
1645:Chapter 10: Trade and Capital Restriction
1459:
1357:
917:
773:This article should include a summary of
754:
118:Learn how and when to remove this message
5628:1944 United States presidential election
2632:West African Economic and Monetary Union
2010:
1903:"Accession status: Syrian Arab Republic"
1657:"The WTO and GATT: A Principled History"
1616:The GATT years: from Havana to Marrakesh
724:
706:
67:"General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade"
6686:Treaties extended to the Trucial States
6661:Treaties extended to British Somaliland
6516:Treaties extended to the Colony of Fiji
6451:Treaties extended to the Colony of Aden
6386:Treaties extended to French West Africa
5285:Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952
5046:Sherman Minton Supreme Court nomination
2243:
1641:Nations and Firms in the Global Economy
1196:
1179:GATT special and differential treatment
886:
677:The second round took place in 1949 in
6621:Treaties extended to Northern Rhodesia
6601:Treaties extended to the Malayan Union
6596:Treaties extended to British Mauritius
6556:Treaties extended to British Hong Kong
6426:Treaties extended to French Madagascar
6391:Treaties extended to French Somaliland
6356:Treaties extended to the Belgian Congo
6036:Treaties of the French Fourth Republic
5891:General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
5883:
5745:Collision Course: Truman vs. MacArthur
5391:Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946
5149:General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
3834:General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
2544:Association of Southeast Asian Nations
2364:UN Conference on Trade and Development
2068:
1979:
1360:Assessing the World Trade Organization
902:Formation of Quadrilateral Group: 1981
735:The fifth round occurred once more in
684:
254:(ITO). It was signed by 23 nations in
221:General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
133:General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
6706:Treaties extended to British Cameroon
6701:Treaties extended to British Togoland
6551:Treaties extended to British Honduras
6506:Treaties extended to British Dominica
6421:Treaties extended to French Indochina
6406:Treaties extended to the New Hebrides
6396:Treaties extended to French Polynesia
6261:Treaties of the Union of South Africa
5419:President's Committee on Civil Rights
5251:U.N. Security Council Resolutions 82,
4907:
3720:
2856:
2309:Import substitution industrialization
2217:
1883:from the original on 20 February 2019
1851:from the original on 29 December 2009
1581:
1579:
1525:
1523:
1485:
1362:. Cambridge University Press: 45–74.
1314:
1276:from the original on 14 December 2005
1237:
1019:being the newest members as of 2018.
666:
6561:Treaties extended to the Isle of Man
6201:Treaties of the Dominion of Pakistan
3238:New international division of labour
2837:
2563:Europe, Central Asia, and North Asia
2199:BBCnews World/Europe country profile
1508:from the original on 6 November 2018
1481:
1479:
1353:
1351:
1349:
1347:
1345:
1343:
1288:
1262:
758:
488:$ 2.5 billion in tariff reductions
56:adding citations to reliable sources
27:
6546:Treaties extended to British Guiana
6501:Treaties extended to British Cyprus
5916:Treaties entered into force in 1948
5618:Democratic National Convention 1944
5437:Presidential Succession Act of 1947
5326:National Institute of Mental Health
4961:Vice President of the United States
4933:
3844:Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures
2523:Central American Integration System
2042:O'Carroll, Sinead (13 March 2019).
13:
6571:Treaties extended to British Kenya
6416:Treaties extended to French Guiana
6401:Treaties extended to New Caledonia
6276:Treaties of the Dominion of Ceylon
6021:Treaties of the Dominican Republic
2139:Annual Review of Political Science
2124:
1825:from the original on 28 March 2010
1673:from the original on 4 March 2018.
1649:
1576:
1520:
1486:Irwin, Douglas A. (9 April 2007).
1250:from the original on 5 August 2022
1238:Unger, Michael (7 December 2017).
14:
6737:
6086:Treaties of the Dominion of India
6056:Treaties of the Kingdom of Greece
5181:National Security Resources Board
4880:", and "Chinese Taipei" in short.
3854:Trade-Related Investment Measures
2882:
2386:International Chamber of Commerce
2289:Export-oriented industrialization
2177:
2108:from the original on 13 July 2019
2077:from the original on 13 July 2019
2050:from the original on 15 July 2019
2023:from the original on 15 July 2019
1992:from the original on 15 July 2019
1961:from the original on 27 July 2017
1845:"Understanding the WTO – members"
1760:from the original on 2 June 2018.
1695:from the original on 5 March 2018
1597:from the original on 2 March 2022
1476:
1340:
1328:from the original on 21 July 2022
1302:from the original on 26 June 2018
1219:from the original on 2 March 2022
1034:have not rejoined the WTO. Since
651:, was signed on 7 December 2013.
266:on 15 April 1994, as part of the
5864:
5863:
5220:Joint Long Range Proving Grounds
5021:State of the Union Address (1946
4886:
4176:Democratic Republic of the Congo
3699:
3689:
3688:
2899:
2836:
2827:
2826:
2095:
2011:Paterson, Owen (13 March 2019).
1980:Leroux, Marcus (21 March 2017).
1909:from the original on 11 May 2010
1564:from the original on 5 June 2018
763:
657:
622:
590:
559:
525:
494:
463:
432:
401:
372:
301:International Trade Organization
252:International Trade Organization
32:
6481:Treaties extended to Basutoland
6431:Treaties extended to Martinique
6411:Treaties extended to Guadeloupe
6316:Treaties of Trinidad and Tobago
5921:Treaties of Antigua and Barbuda
5502:Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1952
5431:Housing and Home Finance Agency
2900:
2194:The WTO and Global Trade at PBS
2089:
2062:
2035:
2004:
1973:
1943:
1921:
1895:
1863:
1837:
1811:
1777:
1764:
1707:
1677:
1633:
1621:
1609:
1082:Effects on trade liberalisation
1055:became a member in 2012, while
1009:164 member countries in the WTO
43:needs additional citations for
6616:Treaties extended to Nyasaland
6526:Treaties extended to Gibraltar
6376:Treaties extended to Greenland
6326:Treaties of the United Kingdom
6001:Treaties of the Czech Republic
5271:Office of Defense Mobilization
5259:Defense Production Act of 1950
5131:Alien Fiancées and Fiancés Act
4950:President of the United States
4551:St. Vincent and the Grenadines
2627:Southern African Customs Union
2069:Morris, Chris (24 June 2019).
1793:Overseas Development Institute
1429:
1384:
1240:"GATT rounds: Who, what, when"
1231:
1140:factions as to how to replace
1064:intergovernmental organisation
1022:Of the original GATT members,
1:
6726:October 1947 events in Europe
6541:Treaties extended to Guernsey
6331:Treaties of the United States
6266:Treaties of Southern Rhodesia
5753:Backstairs at the White House
5537:Missouri Office and Courtroom
5490:Unrelated Business Income Tax
5406:Legislative Reference Service
5338:U.S. Atomic Energy Commission
5161:National Security Act of 1947
1951:"WTO | What is the WTO?"
1532:"The Negotiation of the GATT"
1407:American Economic Association
1213:Government of the Netherlands
1189:
1116:
717:The fourth round returned to
6491:Treaties extended to Bermuda
6436:Treaties extended to Réunion
5350:Council of Economic Advisers
2784:Telecommunications equipment
2589:Middle East and North Africa
2580:European Union Customs Union
1548:10.1017/cbo9780511817953.006
1324:. World Trade Organization.
1298:. World Trade Organization.
1272:. World Trade Organization.
1072:intellectual property rights
695:The third round occurred in
7:
6566:Treaties extended to Jersey
6216:Treaties of the Philippines
6176:Treaties of the Netherlands
5693:Harry S. Truman Scholarship
5264:Relief of Douglas MacArthur
5195:Central Intelligence Agency
3849:Technical Barriers to Trade
2956:Environmental globalization
2931:Anti-globalization movement
2513:Andean Community of Nations
2391:Bilateral investment treaty
2359:International Monetary Fund
2161:Journal of Cold War Studies
1819:"Fiftieth Anniversary GATT"
1405:(5). Nashville, Tennessee:
1167:
745:European Economic Community
485:Tariffs, admission of Japan
309:International Monetary Fund
235:by reducing or eliminating
10:
6742:
6006:Treaties of Czechoslovakia
5911:Treaties concluded in 1947
5320:National Mental Health Act
5277:Science Advisory Committee
5166:U.S. Department of Defense
5073:Presidential Proclamations
4969:U.S. Senator from Missouri
3777:International Trade Centre
3104:Offshore financial centres
2379:International Trade Centre
2166:Zeiler, Thomas W. (1999).
2130:Aaronson Susan A. (1996).
1618:, World Trade Organization
1540:Cambridge University Press
1452:Cambridge University Press
1443:International Organization
988:
982:
921:
910:was formed in 1982 by the
890:
800:
728:
710:
688:
670:
316:
278:
20:
5830:
5815:Martha Ellen Young Truman
5795:
5716:
5708:Statue of Harry S. Truman
5665:
5598:
5590:Truman Little White House
5568:Harry S. Truman Farm Home
5555:
5519:
5413:National School Lunch Act
5333:Atomic Energy Act of 1946
5299:
5176:National Security Council
5086:
4979:
4941:
4866:
4023:
3977:
3897:
3826:
3790:
3754:
3684:
3642:
3517:
3452:
3369:
3360:
3287:
3124:
3045:
3038:
2918:
2890:
2822:
2654:Aircraft & Spacecraft
2644:
2609:
2588:
2562:
2536:
2505:
2496:
2439:
2347:
2299:Foreign exchange reserves
2251:
1591:The Canadian Encyclopedia
1461:10.1017/S0020818307070014
1450:(1). Cambridge, England:
1368:10.1017/9781108147644.004
344:GATT and WTO trade rounds
209:
201:
191:
183:
168:
157:30 October 1947
153:
145:
137:
6046:Treaties of West Germany
5896:World Trade Organization
5688:Truman Dam and Reservoir
5464:Agricultural Act of 1949
5448:Agricultural Act of 1948
5290:National Security Agency
4151:Central African Republic
3782:Chronology of key events
3762:Accession and membership
3748:World Trade Organization
2946:Democratic globalization
2374:World Trade Organization
2146:American Economic Review
1785:"The GATT Uruguay Round"
1398:American Economic Review
1142:the withdrawal agreement
997:World Trade Organization
979:World Trade Organization
356:
353:
350:
289:World Trade Organization
260:World Trade Organization
6296:Treaties of Switzerland
6236:Treaties of Saint Lucia
6181:Treaties of New Zealand
6116:Treaties of South Korea
5996:Treaties of Ivory Coast
5836:← Franklin D. Roosevelt
5772:(1997 documentary film)
5683:Harry S Truman Building
5401:Federal Tort Claims Act
3772:Dispute Settlement Body
3228:Investor-state disputes
3181:Illicit financial flows
3025:Political globalization
2973:Global financial system
2575:Eurasian Economic Union
2463:Repeal of the Corn Laws
2172:excerpt and text search
2163:. 10#3 pp. 78–109.
1536:The Genesis of the GATT
1493:The Wall Street Journal
782:Knowledge:Summary style
192:Provisional application
6346:Treaties of Yugoslavia
6131:Treaties of Luxembourg
5991:Treaties of Costa Rica
5946:Treaties of Bangladesh
5843:Dwight D. Eisenhower →
5345:Employment Act of 1946
5239:Revolt of the Admirals
3874:Information Technology
3869:Government Procurement
3803:Doha Development Round
3569:Christopher Chase-Dunn
3337:Primitive accumulation
3020:Military globalization
2951:Economic globalization
2936:Cultural globalization
2617:East African Community
2498:Regional organizations
1114:
918:Uruguay Round: 1986–94
755:Kennedy Round: 1964–67
299:(UNCTE), at which the
6341:Treaties of Venezuela
6251:Treaties of Singapore
6186:Treaties of Nicaragua
6151:Treaties of Mauritius
6091:Treaties of Indonesia
5931:Treaties of Australia
5926:Treaties of Argentina
5821:Clifton Truman Daniel
5725:Give 'em Hell, Harry!
5698:Truman Sports Complex
5527:Early life and career
5226:North Atlantic Treaty
5202:Displaced Persons Act
5171:Joint Chiefs of Staff
5078:Eisenhower transition
5063:"The buck stops here"
5036:Judicial appointments
5009:Assassination attempt
4181:Republic of the Congo
4005:Supachai Panitchpakdi
2458:The Wealth of Nations
2416:Special economic zone
2279:Comparative advantage
1664:Brookings Institution
1415:10.1257/aer.97.5.2005
1109:
1040:Serbia and Montenegro
725:Dillon Round: 1960–62
707:Geneva Round: 1955–56
23:GATT (disambiguation)
6311:Treaties of Thailand
6306:Treaties of Tanzania
6286:Treaties of Eswatini
6281:Treaties of Suriname
6256:Treaties of Slovakia
6226:Treaties of Portugal
6206:Treaties of Paraguay
6141:Treaties of Malaysia
6071:Treaties of Honduras
6016:Treaties of Dominica
5951:Treaties of Barbados
5728:(1975 play and film)
5644:Dewey Defeats Truman
5453:Executive Order 9981
5143:Executive Order 9835
5112:Declaration to Japan
4666:United Arab Emirates
3634:Immanuel Wallerstein
3295:Capital accumulation
3161:Endangered languages
2478:Economic nationalism
2396:Economic integration
1735:10.1257/app.20170574
1184:Most favoured nation
1136:compromise" between
1095:(MFN) treatment and
1093:most favoured nation
1001:European Communities
968:trade liberalisation
887:Tokyo Round: 1973–79
52:improve this article
6721:October 1947 events
6336:Treaties of Uruguay
6246:Treaties of Senegal
6231:Treaties of Romania
6191:Treaties of Nigeria
6171:Treaties of Namibia
6166:Treaties of Myanmar
6161:Treaties of Morocco
6126:Treaties of Liberia
6096:Treaties of Ireland
6081:Treaties of Iceland
6076:Treaties of Hungary
6031:Treaties of Finland
6011:Treaties of Denmark
5956:Treaties of Belgium
5941:Treaties of Bahrain
5936:Treaties of Austria
5906:Commercial treaties
5901:1947 in Switzerland
5803:Bess Wallace Truman
5703:U.S. Postage stamps
5497:Revenue Act of 1951
5480:Revenue Act of 1950
5474:Dingell–Johnson Act
5469:Housing Act of 1949
5459:Revenue Act of 1948
5315:Revenue Act of 1945
5107:Agreement on Europe
4641:Trinidad and Tobago
4541:St. Kitts and Nevis
4051:Antigua and Barbuda
3985:Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala
3879:Marrakesh Agreement
3706:Business portal
3265:Transnational crime
3171:Forced displacement
3156:Economic inequality
3030:Trade globalization
2926:Alter-globalization
2734:Integrated circuits
2518:Caribbean Community
2314:Net capital outflow
2264:Balance of payments
2245:International trade
1393:Goldstein, Judith L
963:, and New Zealand.
908:Quadrilateral Group
685:Torquay Round: 1951
233:international trade
141:Multilateral treaty
134:
6351:Treaties of Zambia
6321:Treaties of Uganda
6291:Treaties of Sweden
6221:Treaties of Poland
6196:Treaties of Norway
6156:Treaties of Mexico
6121:Treaties of Kuwait
6061:Treaties of Guyana
5976:Treaties of Canada
5971:Treaties of Brunei
5961:Treaties of Belize
5856:Alben W. Barkley →
5851:← Henry A. Wallace
5485:Excess profits tax
5357:Flood Control Acts
5208:Key West Agreement
5101:Potsdam Conference
4211:Dominican Republic
3479:Andre Gunder Frank
3253:Race to the bottom
3243:North–South divide
2961:Global citizenship
2646:Exports by product
2596:Arab Customs Union
2259:Absolute advantage
2141:. 20 (1): 545–564.
1789:ODI briefing paper
1244:Hinrich Foundation
1174:Cultural exception
1138:Conservative party
1102:policy uncertainty
1097:national treatment
667:Annecy Round: 1949
213:English and French
132:
6716:History of Geneva
6301:Treaties of Syria
6271:Treaties of Spain
6146:Treaties of Malta
6136:Treaties of Macau
6111:Treaties of Kenya
6106:Treaties of Japan
6101:Treaties of Italy
6066:Treaties of Haiti
6051:Treaties of Ghana
6041:Treaties of Gabon
5981:Treaties of Chile
5878:
5877:
5756:(1979 miniseries)
5578:Historic District
5515:
5514:
5507:1952 steel strike
5379:Fulbright Program
5155:Hoover Commission
4901:
4900:
4862:
4861:
3859:Trade in Services
3813:Quota Elimination
3714:
3713:
3680:
3679:
3539:K. Anthony Appiah
3534:Daniele Archibugi
3283:
3282:
3072:COVID-19 pandemic
2978:Global governance
2850:
2849:
2640:
2639:
2610:Subsaharan Africa
2441:Political economy
2209:Text of GATT 1994
2204:Text of GATT 1947
1557:978-0-521-51561-0
1377:978-1-108-14764-4
799:
798:
655:
654:
363:Subjects covered
217:
216:
128:
127:
120:
102:
6733:
6211:Treaties of Peru
5867:
5866:
5780:(2022 TV series)
5542:Truman Committee
5442:Taft–Hartley Act
5309:Medal of Freedom
5084:
5083:
5068:Executive Orders
4972:
4964:
4953:
4928:
4921:
4914:
4905:
4904:
4893:World portal
4891:
4890:
4712:
4711:
4506:Papua New Guinea
3989:Director-General
3884:Doha Declaration
3808:Singapore issues
3741:
3734:
3727:
3718:
3717:
3704:
3703:
3692:
3691:
3645:
3554:Jean Baudrillard
3522:
3469:Giovanni Arrighi
3457:
3414:Branko Milanović
3394:Jagdish Bhagwati
3372:
3367:
3366:
3258:pollution havens
3223:Invasive species
3127:
3048:
3043:
3042:
2993:Global workforce
2903:
2902:
2877:
2870:
2863:
2854:
2853:
2840:
2839:
2830:
2829:
2503:
2502:
2369:World Bank Group
2269:Balance of trade
2238:
2231:
2224:
2215:
2214:
2118:
2117:
2115:
2113:
2093:
2087:
2086:
2084:
2082:
2066:
2060:
2059:
2057:
2055:
2039:
2033:
2032:
2030:
2028:
2008:
2002:
2001:
1999:
1997:
1977:
1971:
1970:
1968:
1966:
1947:
1941:
1940:
1938:
1936:
1925:
1919:
1918:
1916:
1914:
1899:
1893:
1892:
1890:
1888:
1882:
1875:
1867:
1861:
1860:
1858:
1856:
1841:
1835:
1834:
1832:
1830:
1815:
1809:
1808:
1806:
1804:
1799:on 3 August 2012
1795:. Archived from
1781:
1775:
1770:Michael Hudson,
1768:
1762:
1761:
1759:
1720:
1711:
1705:
1704:
1702:
1700:
1681:
1675:
1674:
1672:
1661:
1653:
1647:
1637:
1631:
1625:
1619:
1613:
1607:
1606:
1604:
1602:
1583:
1574:
1573:
1571:
1569:
1527:
1518:
1517:
1515:
1513:
1483:
1474:
1473:
1463:
1433:
1427:
1426:
1388:
1382:
1381:
1355:
1338:
1337:
1335:
1333:
1318:
1312:
1311:
1309:
1307:
1292:
1286:
1285:
1283:
1281:
1266:
1260:
1259:
1257:
1255:
1235:
1229:
1228:
1226:
1224:
1205:
953:export subsidies
824:United Kingdom.
794:
791:
785:
767:
766:
759:
627:
626:
595:
594:
564:
563:
530:
529:
499:
498:
468:
467:
437:
436:
406:
405:
377:
376:
337:
330:
323:
314:
313:
197:
164:
162:
135:
131:
123:
116:
112:
109:
103:
101:
60:
36:
28:
6741:
6740:
6736:
6735:
6734:
6732:
6731:
6730:
5881:
5880:
5879:
5874:
5826:
5809:Margaret Truman
5791:
5712:
5661:
5594:
5551:
5511:
5385:Hill–Burton Act
5295:
5137:Luce–Celler Act
5096:Truman Doctrine
5082:
4975:
4967:
4956:
4945:
4937:
4935:Harry S. Truman
4932:
4902:
4897:
4885:
4858:
4710:
4586:Solomon Islands
4481:North Macedonia
4019:
3995:Roberto Azevêdo
3973:
3900:
3893:
3822:
3786:
3750:
3745:
3715:
3710:
3698:
3676:
3657:Thomas Friedman
3643:
3638:
3589:Anthony Giddens
3564:Manuel Castells
3529:Arjun Appadurai
3520:
3518:
3513:
3455:
3453:
3448:
3444:Joseph Stiglitz
3384:Richard Baldwin
3370:
3362:
3356:
3315:Fiscal localism
3279:
3233:McDonaldization
3151:Development aid
3125:
3120:
3089:Multilingualism
3084:Labor arbitrage
3060:Climate justice
3046:
3034:
2988:Global politics
2941:Deglobalization
2914:
2886:
2881:
2851:
2846:
2818:
2764:Pharmaceuticals
2636:
2605:
2584:
2558:
2532:
2492:
2488:Dedollarisation
2435:
2421:Trade agreement
2411:Free-trade zone
2352:
2350:
2343:
2284:Current account
2274:Capital account
2247:
2242:
2180:
2127:
2125:Further reading
2122:
2121:
2111:
2109:
2102:The Independent
2096:Wood, Vincent.
2094:
2090:
2080:
2078:
2067:
2063:
2053:
2051:
2040:
2036:
2026:
2024:
2009:
2005:
1995:
1993:
1978:
1974:
1964:
1962:
1949:
1948:
1944:
1934:
1932:
1927:
1926:
1922:
1912:
1910:
1901:
1900:
1896:
1886:
1884:
1880:
1873:
1869:
1868:
1864:
1854:
1852:
1843:
1842:
1838:
1828:
1826:
1817:
1816:
1812:
1802:
1800:
1783:
1782:
1778:
1769:
1765:
1757:
1718:
1712:
1708:
1698:
1696:
1683:
1682:
1678:
1670:
1659:
1655:
1654:
1650:
1638:
1634:
1626:
1622:
1614:
1610:
1600:
1598:
1593:. 6 June 2017.
1585:
1584:
1577:
1567:
1565:
1558:
1528:
1521:
1511:
1509:
1488:"GATT Turns 60"
1484:
1477:
1434:
1430:
1391:Tomz, Michael;
1389:
1385:
1378:
1356:
1341:
1331:
1329:
1320:
1319:
1315:
1305:
1303:
1294:
1293:
1289:
1279:
1277:
1268:
1267:
1263:
1253:
1251:
1236:
1232:
1222:
1220:
1207:
1206:
1197:
1192:
1170:
1119:
1084:
993:
987:
981:
926:
920:
904:
895:
889:
869:deal for them.
809:John F. Kennedy
805:
795:
789:
786:
779:
768:
764:
757:
733:
727:
715:
709:
693:
687:
675:
669:
660:
621:
589:
558:
524:
493:
462:
431:
400:
371:
346:
345:
341:
281:
229:legal agreement
160:
158:
124:
113:
107:
104:
61:
59:
49:
37:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6739:
6729:
6728:
6723:
6718:
6713:
6708:
6703:
6698:
6693:
6688:
6683:
6678:
6673:
6668:
6663:
6658:
6653:
6648:
6643:
6638:
6633:
6628:
6623:
6618:
6613:
6608:
6603:
6598:
6593:
6588:
6583:
6578:
6573:
6568:
6563:
6558:
6553:
6548:
6543:
6538:
6533:
6528:
6523:
6518:
6513:
6508:
6503:
6498:
6493:
6488:
6483:
6478:
6473:
6468:
6463:
6458:
6453:
6448:
6443:
6438:
6433:
6428:
6423:
6418:
6413:
6408:
6403:
6398:
6393:
6388:
6383:
6378:
6373:
6368:
6363:
6358:
6353:
6348:
6343:
6338:
6333:
6328:
6323:
6318:
6313:
6308:
6303:
6298:
6293:
6288:
6283:
6278:
6273:
6268:
6263:
6258:
6253:
6248:
6243:
6238:
6233:
6228:
6223:
6218:
6213:
6208:
6203:
6198:
6193:
6188:
6183:
6178:
6173:
6168:
6163:
6158:
6153:
6148:
6143:
6138:
6133:
6128:
6123:
6118:
6113:
6108:
6103:
6098:
6093:
6088:
6083:
6078:
6073:
6068:
6063:
6058:
6053:
6048:
6043:
6038:
6033:
6028:
6023:
6018:
6013:
6008:
6003:
5998:
5993:
5988:
5983:
5978:
5973:
5968:
5963:
5958:
5953:
5948:
5943:
5938:
5933:
5928:
5923:
5918:
5913:
5908:
5903:
5898:
5893:
5876:
5875:
5873:
5872:
5859:
5858:
5853:
5847:
5846:
5839:
5831:
5828:
5827:
5825:
5824:
5818:
5812:
5806:
5799:
5797:
5793:
5792:
5790:
5789:
5781:
5777:The First Lady
5773:
5765:
5757:
5749:
5741:
5736:(1975 song by
5729:
5720:
5718:
5714:
5713:
5711:
5710:
5705:
5700:
5695:
5690:
5685:
5680:
5675:
5669:
5667:
5663:
5662:
5660:
5659:
5654:
5653:
5652:
5647:
5640:
5630:
5625:
5620:
5615:
5610:
5604:
5602:
5596:
5595:
5593:
5592:
5587:
5582:
5581:
5580:
5570:
5565:
5559:
5557:
5553:
5552:
5550:
5549:
5544:
5539:
5534:
5529:
5523:
5521:
5517:
5516:
5513:
5512:
5510:
5509:
5504:
5499:
5494:
5493:
5492:
5487:
5477:
5471:
5466:
5461:
5456:
5450:
5445:
5439:
5434:
5428:
5422:
5416:
5410:
5409:
5408:
5403:
5398:
5388:
5382:
5376:
5375:
5374:
5369:
5364:
5354:
5353:
5352:
5342:
5341:
5340:
5330:
5329:
5328:
5317:
5312:
5305:
5303:
5297:
5296:
5294:
5293:
5287:
5282:
5281:
5280:
5268:
5267:
5266:
5261:
5256:
5242:
5236:
5235:
5234:
5223:
5217:
5211:
5205:
5199:
5198:
5197:
5192:
5183:
5178:
5173:
5168:
5158:
5152:
5146:
5140:
5134:
5128:
5125:War Brides Act
5122:
5116:
5115:
5114:
5109:
5098:
5092:
5090:
5088:Foreign policy
5081:
5080:
5075:
5070:
5065:
5060:
5058:Truman Balcony
5055:
5050:
5049:
5048:
5043:
5033:
5028:
5023:
5018:
5017:
5016:
5006:
5005:
5004:
4999:
4993:Inaugurations
4991:
4985:
4983:
4977:
4976:
4974:
4973:
4965:
4954:
4942:
4939:
4938:
4931:
4930:
4923:
4916:
4908:
4899:
4898:
4882:
4881:
4874:
4867:
4864:
4863:
4860:
4859:
4857:
4856:
4851:
4846:
4841:
4836:
4831:
4826:
4821:
4816:
4811:
4806:
4801:
4796:
4791:
4786:
4781:
4776:
4771:
4766:
4761:
4756:
4751:
4749:Czech Republic
4746:
4741:
4736:
4731:
4726:
4720:
4718:
4716:European Union
4709:
4708:
4703:
4698:
4693:
4688:
4683:
4678:
4673:
4671:United Kingdom
4668:
4663:
4658:
4653:
4648:
4643:
4638:
4633:
4628:
4623:
4618:
4613:
4608:
4603:
4598:
4593:
4588:
4583:
4578:
4573:
4568:
4563:
4558:
4553:
4548:
4543:
4538:
4533:
4528:
4523:
4518:
4513:
4508:
4503:
4498:
4493:
4488:
4483:
4478:
4473:
4468:
4463:
4458:
4453:
4448:
4443:
4438:
4433:
4428:
4423:
4418:
4413:
4408:
4403:
4398:
4393:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4373:
4368:
4363:
4358:
4353:
4348:
4343:
4338:
4333:
4328:
4323:
4318:
4313:
4308:
4303:
4298:
4293:
4288:
4283:
4278:
4273:
4268:
4263:
4258:
4253:
4248:
4243:
4238:
4233:
4228:
4223:
4218:
4213:
4208:
4203:
4198:
4193:
4188:
4183:
4178:
4173:
4168:
4163:
4158:
4153:
4148:
4143:
4138:
4133:
4128:
4123:
4118:
4113:
4108:
4103:
4098:
4093:
4088:
4083:
4078:
4073:
4068:
4063:
4058:
4053:
4048:
4043:
4038:
4033:
4027:
4025:
4021:
4020:
4018:
4017:
4012:
4010:Alejandro Jara
4007:
4002:
3997:
3992:
3981:
3979:
3975:
3974:
3972:
3971:
3966:
3961:
3956:
3951:
3946:
3941:
3936:
3931:
3926:
3921:
3916:
3911:
3905:
3903:
3895:
3894:
3892:
3891:
3886:
3881:
3876:
3871:
3866:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3846:
3841:
3836:
3830:
3828:
3824:
3823:
3821:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3805:
3800:
3794:
3792:
3788:
3787:
3785:
3784:
3779:
3774:
3769:
3767:Appellate Body
3764:
3758:
3756:
3752:
3751:
3744:
3743:
3736:
3729:
3721:
3712:
3711:
3709:
3708:
3696:
3685:
3682:
3681:
3678:
3677:
3675:
3674:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3654:
3648:
3646:
3640:
3639:
3637:
3636:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3611:
3606:
3601:
3596:
3591:
3586:
3581:
3576:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3559:Zygmunt Bauman
3556:
3551:
3546:
3541:
3536:
3531:
3525:
3523:
3515:
3514:
3512:
3511:
3506:
3501:
3496:
3491:
3486:
3481:
3476:
3471:
3466:
3460:
3458:
3450:
3449:
3447:
3446:
3441:
3436:
3431:
3426:
3424:Thomas Piketty
3421:
3419:Kevin O'Rourke
3416:
3411:
3409:Michael Hudson
3406:
3401:
3399:Robert Brenner
3396:
3391:
3386:
3381:
3375:
3373:
3364:
3358:
3357:
3355:
3354:
3349:
3344:
3339:
3334:
3333:
3332:
3327:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3291:
3289:
3285:
3284:
3281:
3280:
3278:
3277:
3272:
3270:Westernization
3267:
3262:
3261:
3260:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3219:
3218:
3213:
3208:
3203:
3198:
3193:
3183:
3178:
3173:
3168:
3163:
3158:
3153:
3148:
3143:
3142:
3141:
3130:
3128:
3122:
3121:
3119:
3118:
3113:
3112:
3111:
3109:Tax inversions
3106:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3081:
3079:Digital divide
3076:
3075:
3074:
3064:
3063:
3062:
3055:Climate change
3051:
3049:
3040:
3036:
3035:
3033:
3032:
3027:
3022:
3017:
3016:
3015:
3010:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2969:
2968:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2943:
2938:
2933:
2928:
2922:
2920:
2916:
2915:
2913:
2912:
2907:
2897:
2891:
2888:
2887:
2880:
2879:
2872:
2865:
2857:
2848:
2847:
2845:
2844:
2834:
2823:
2820:
2819:
2817:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2661:
2659:Aircraft parts
2656:
2650:
2648:
2642:
2641:
2638:
2637:
2635:
2634:
2629:
2624:
2619:
2613:
2611:
2607:
2606:
2604:
2603:
2598:
2592:
2590:
2586:
2585:
2583:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2566:
2564:
2560:
2559:
2557:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2540:
2538:
2534:
2533:
2531:
2530:
2525:
2520:
2515:
2509:
2507:
2500:
2494:
2493:
2491:
2490:
2485:
2471:
2466:
2445:
2443:
2437:
2436:
2434:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2382:
2381:
2371:
2366:
2361:
2355:
2353:
2348:
2345:
2344:
2342:
2341:
2339:Trading nation
2336:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2316:
2311:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2286:
2281:
2276:
2271:
2266:
2261:
2255:
2253:
2249:
2248:
2241:
2240:
2233:
2226:
2218:
2212:
2211:
2206:
2201:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2179:
2178:External links
2176:
2175:
2174:
2164:
2157:
2142:
2135:
2126:
2123:
2120:
2119:
2088:
2061:
2034:
2003:
1972:
1942:
1920:
1894:
1862:
1836:
1810:
1776:
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1230:
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1188:
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1186:
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1176:
1169:
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1121:Following the
1118:
1115:
1083:
1080:
1068:service sector
1032:SFR Yugoslavia
983:Main article:
980:
977:
922:Main article:
919:
916:
912:European Union
903:
900:
891:Main article:
888:
885:
846:
845:
842:
839:
801:Main article:
797:
796:
771:
769:
762:
756:
753:
741:Douglas Dillon
729:Main article:
726:
723:
711:Main article:
708:
705:
701:Havana Charter
689:Main article:
686:
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671:Main article:
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618:
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603:September 1986
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572:September 1973
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507:September 1960
505:
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445:September 1950
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237:trade barriers
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196:1 January 1948
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5243:
5240:
5237:
5233:
5229:
5228:
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5224:
5221:
5218:
5215:
5214:Marshall Plan
5212:
5209:
5206:
5203:
5200:
5196:
5193:
5191:
5187:
5184:
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5179:
5177:
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5042:
5041:Supreme Court
5039:
5038:
5037:
5034:
5032:
5029:
5027:
5024:
5022:
5019:
5015:
5012:
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4704:
4702:
4699:
4697:
4694:
4692:
4689:
4687:
4684:
4682:
4679:
4677:
4676:United States
4674:
4672:
4669:
4667:
4664:
4662:
4659:
4657:
4654:
4652:
4649:
4647:
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4404:
4402:
4399:
4397:
4394:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4379:
4377:
4376:Liechtenstein
4374:
4372:
4369:
4367:
4364:
4362:
4359:
4357:
4354:
4352:
4349:
4347:
4344:
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4334:
4332:
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4327:
4324:
4322:
4319:
4317:
4314:
4312:
4309:
4307:
4304:
4302:
4299:
4297:
4294:
4292:
4289:
4287:
4284:
4282:
4279:
4277:
4276:Guinea-Bissau
4274:
4272:
4269:
4267:
4264:
4262:
4259:
4257:
4254:
4252:
4249:
4247:
4244:
4242:
4239:
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4234:
4232:
4229:
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4224:
4222:
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4139:
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4134:
4132:
4129:
4127:
4124:
4122:
4119:
4117:
4114:
4112:
4109:
4107:
4104:
4102:
4099:
4097:
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4022:
4016:
4013:
4011:
4008:
4006:
4003:
4001:
3998:
3996:
3993:
3990:
3986:
3983:
3982:
3980:
3976:
3970:
3967:
3965:
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3723:
3722:
3719:
3707:
3702:
3697:
3695:
3687:
3686:
3683:
3673:
3672:Vandana Shiva
3670:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3650:
3649:
3647:
3641:
3635:
3632:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3624:Saskia Sassen
3622:
3620:
3619:George Ritzer
3617:
3615:
3614:Antonio Negri
3612:
3610:
3609:L. H. M. Ling
3607:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3597:
3595:
3594:Michael Hardt
3592:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3574:Alfred Crosby
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3530:
3527:
3526:
3524:
3516:
3510:
3507:
3505:
3504:Susan Strange
3502:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3482:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3474:Robert W. Cox
3472:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3461:
3459:
3451:
3445:
3442:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3434:Jeffrey Sachs
3432:
3430:
3427:
3425:
3422:
3420:
3417:
3415:
3412:
3410:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3397:
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3390:
3387:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3376:
3374:
3368:
3365:
3359:
3353:
3352:World-systems
3350:
3348:
3347:World history
3345:
3343:
3342:Social change
3340:
3338:
3335:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3322:
3321:
3320:Modernization
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3292:
3290:
3286:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3266:
3263:
3259:
3256:
3255:
3254:
3251:
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3226:
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3217:
3214:
3212:
3209:
3207:
3204:
3202:
3199:
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3188:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3179:
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3169:
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3140:
3137:
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3132:
3131:
3129:
3123:
3117:
3114:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3101:
3100:
3097:
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3077:
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3037:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3005:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2983:Global health
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2967:
2964:
2963:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2954:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2939:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2923:
2921:
2917:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2892:
2889:
2885:
2884:Globalization
2878:
2873:
2871:
2866:
2864:
2859:
2858:
2855:
2843:
2835:
2833:
2825:
2824:
2821:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2769:Photovoltaics
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2662:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2651:
2649:
2647:
2643:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2615:
2614:
2612:
2608:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2593:
2591:
2587:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2567:
2565:
2561:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2541:
2539:
2535:
2529:
2526:
2524:
2521:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2510:
2508:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2495:
2489:
2486:
2483:
2479:
2475:
2474:Protectionism
2472:
2470:
2467:
2464:
2460:
2459:
2454:
2450:
2447:
2446:
2444:
2442:
2438:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2426:Trade barrier
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2380:
2377:
2376:
2375:
2372:
2370:
2367:
2365:
2362:
2360:
2357:
2356:
2354:
2349:Organizations
2346:
2340:
2337:
2335:
2332:
2330:
2329:Trade justice
2327:
2325:
2322:
2320:
2317:
2315:
2312:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2304:Globalization
2302:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2280:
2277:
2275:
2272:
2270:
2267:
2265:
2262:
2260:
2257:
2256:
2254:
2250:
2246:
2239:
2234:
2232:
2227:
2225:
2220:
2219:
2216:
2210:
2207:
2205:
2202:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2185:
2182:
2181:
2173:
2169:
2165:
2162:
2158:
2155:
2151:
2147:
2143:
2140:
2136:
2133:
2129:
2128:
2107:
2103:
2099:
2092:
2076:
2072:
2065:
2049:
2045:
2038:
2022:
2018:
2014:
2007:
1991:
1987:
1983:
1976:
1960:
1956:
1952:
1946:
1930:
1924:
1908:
1904:
1898:
1879:
1872:
1866:
1850:
1846:
1840:
1824:
1820:
1814:
1798:
1794:
1790:
1786:
1780:
1773:
1767:
1756:
1752:
1748:
1744:
1740:
1736:
1732:
1729:(3): 72–105.
1728:
1724:
1717:
1710:
1694:
1690:
1686:
1680:
1669:
1665:
1658:
1652:
1646:
1642:
1636:
1629:
1624:
1617:
1612:
1596:
1592:
1588:
1582:
1580:
1563:
1559:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1541:
1537:
1533:
1526:
1524:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1495:
1494:
1489:
1482:
1480:
1471:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1445:
1444:
1439:
1432:
1424:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1409:: 2005–2018.
1408:
1404:
1400:
1399:
1394:
1387:
1379:
1373:
1369:
1365:
1361:
1354:
1352:
1350:
1348:
1346:
1344:
1327:
1323:
1317:
1301:
1297:
1291:
1275:
1271:
1265:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1234:
1218:
1214:
1210:
1204:
1202:
1200:
1195:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1171:
1165:
1162:
1158:
1153:
1151:
1147:
1146:Boris Johnson
1143:
1139:
1135:
1130:
1128:
1124:
1113:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1098:
1094:
1088:
1079:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1060:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1041:
1037:
1036:FR Yugoslavia
1033:
1029:
1025:
1020:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1006:
1002:
998:
992:
986:
985:Uruguay Round
976:
974:
969:
964:
962:
958:
954:
950:
949:import quotas
945:
943:
942:Uruguay Round
939:
935:
931:
930:Uruguay Round
925:
924:Uruguay Round
915:
913:
909:
899:
894:
884:
882:
881:Kennedy Round
878:
874:
870:
866:
862:
858:
854:
850:
843:
840:
837:
836:
835:
833:
829:
825:
821:
817:
813:
810:
804:
803:Kennedy Round
793:
783:
778:
776:
775:Kennedy Round
770:
761:
760:
752:
750:
746:
742:
738:
732:
722:
720:
714:
704:
702:
698:
692:
691:Torquay Round
682:
680:
674:
664:
658:Initial round
650:
646:
643:
640:
637:
635:November 2001
634:
632:
631:
625:
620:
619:
614:
611:
608:
605:
602:
600:
599:
593:
588:
587:
583:
580:
577:
574:
571:
569:
568:
562:
557:
556:
552:
550:
546:
543:
540:
537:
535:
534:
528:
523:
522:
518:
515:
512:
509:
506:
504:
503:
497:
492:
491:
487:
484:
481:
478:
475:
473:
472:
466:
461:
460:
456:
453:
450:
447:
444:
442:
441:
435:
430:
429:
425:
422:
419:
416:
413:
411:
410:
404:
399:
398:
394:
391:
388:
385:
382:
380:
375:
370:
369:
366:Achievements
365:
362:
359:
349:
338:
333:
331:
326:
324:
319:
318:
315:
312:
310:
306:
302:
298:
292:
290:
286:
276:
272:
269:
268:Uruguay Round
265:
261:
257:
253:
248:
246:
242:
238:
234:
230:
226:
222:
212:
208:
204:
200:
194:
190:
186:
182:
179:, Switzerland
178:
177:Geneva Canton
174:
171:
167:
156:
152:
148:
144:
140:
136:
130:
122:
119:
111:
100:
97:
93:
90:
86:
83:
79:
76:
72:
69: –
68:
64:
63:Find sources:
57:
53:
47:
46:
41:This article
39:
35:
30:
29:
24:
19:
5862:
5841:
5834:
5783:
5775:
5767:
5759:
5751:
5743:
5733:Harry Truman
5731:
5723:
5717:Public image
5673:Bibliography
5148:
4884:
4883:
4591:South Africa
4576:Sierra Leone
4561:Saudi Arabia
4116:Burkina Faso
3889:Bali Package
3833:
3818:Peace Clause
3667:John R. Saul
3652:Noam Chomsky
3644:Non–academic
3584:Susan George
3579:Nancy Fraser
3549:Walden Bello
3494:David Harvey
3484:Stephen Gill
3404:Jayati Ghosh
3310:Earth system
3176:Human rights
3116:Water crisis
3013:early modern
2744:Live animals
2724:Gas turbines
2537:Asia-Pacific
2469:Mercantilism
2456:
2351:and policies
2167:
2160:
2145:
2138:
2131:
2110:. Retrieved
2101:
2091:
2079:. Retrieved
2064:
2052:. Retrieved
2037:
2025:. Retrieved
2017:The Guardian
2016:
2006:
1994:. Retrieved
1985:
1975:
1965:15 September
1963:. Retrieved
1954:
1945:
1933:. Retrieved
1923:
1911:. Retrieved
1897:
1885:. Retrieved
1865:
1853:. Retrieved
1839:
1827:. Retrieved
1813:
1801:. Retrieved
1797:the original
1788:
1779:
1771:
1766:
1726:
1722:
1709:
1697:. Retrieved
1688:
1679:
1651:
1640:
1635:
1623:
1611:
1599:. Retrieved
1590:
1566:. Retrieved
1535:
1510:. Retrieved
1491:
1447:
1441:
1431:
1402:
1396:
1386:
1359:
1330:. Retrieved
1316:
1304:. Retrieved
1290:
1278:. Retrieved
1264:
1252:. Retrieved
1243:
1233:
1221:. Retrieved
1212:
1154:
1131:
1120:
1110:
1106:
1089:
1085:
1076:plurilateral
1061:
1038:(renamed as
1021:
994:
965:
957:Cairns Group
946:
927:
905:
896:
879:
875:
871:
867:
863:
859:
855:
851:
847:
831:
830:
826:
822:
818:
814:
806:
787:
772:
734:
731:Dillon Round
716:
713:Geneva Round
694:
676:
673:Annecy Round
661:
649:Bali Package
628:
596:
565:
549:anti-dumping
531:
500:
476:January 1956
469:
438:
407:
378:
293:
284:
282:
273:
249:
224:
220:
218:
129:
114:
108:October 2019
105:
95:
88:
81:
74:
62:
50:Please help
45:verification
42:
18:
5788:(2023 film)
5785:Oppenheimer
5764:(1995 film)
5748:(1976 film)
5585:Blair House
5249:1950–1953;
4971:(1935–1945)
4952:(1945–1953)
4819:Netherlands
4606:Switzerland
4521:Philippines
4461:New Zealand
4346:South Korea
4226:El Salvador
4191:Ivory Coast
4031:Afghanistan
4015:Rufus Yerxa
4000:Pascal Lamy
3969:13th (2024)
3964:12th (2022)
3959:11th (2017)
3954:10th (2015)
3901:Conferences
3899:Ministerial
3839:Agriculture
3662:Naomi Klein
3544:Ulrich Beck
3519:Politics /
3509:Robert Wade
3499:Ronen Palan
3489:Peter Gowan
3439:Amartya Sen
3429:Dani Rodrik
3379:David Autor
3305:Development
3186:Imperialism
3134:Brain drain
2749:Natural gas
2714:Electronics
2709:Electricity
2319:Outsourcing
2252:Terminology
1955:www.wto.org
1887:20 February
1876:. Wto.org.
1821:. Wto.org.
1689:www.wto.org
1601:7 September
1332:5 September
1306:22 December
1280:22 December
1223:30 December
1157:Mark Carney
1148:during his
1017:Afghanistan
893:Tokyo Round
5885:Categories
5823:(grandson)
5811:(daughter)
5678:Truman Day
5563:Birthplace
5245:Korean War
5190:Department
4981:Presidency
4809:Luxembourg
4611:Tajikistan
4571:Seychelles
4446:Mozambique
4436:Montenegro
4411:Mauritania
4386:Madagascar
4356:Kyrgyzstan
4336:Kazakhstan
4246:The Gambia
4186:Costa Rica
4146:Cape Verde
4076:Bangladesh
3949:9th (2013)
3944:8th (2011)
3939:7th (2009)
3934:6th (2005)
3929:5th (2003)
3924:4th (2001)
3919:3rd (1999)
3914:2nd (1998)
3909:1st (1996)
3827:Agreements
3604:Paul Hirst
3599:David Held
3464:Samir Amin
3454:Political
3389:Ravi Batra
3330:history of
3325:ecological
3300:Dependency
3248:Offshoring
3211:scientific
3201:linguistic
3166:Fair trade
3146:Care drain
3099:Tax havens
3094:Population
3003:History of
2789:Telephones
2453:Adam Smith
2449:Free trade
2431:Trade bloc
2406:ATA Carnet
2294:Fair trade
1630:, BBC News
1542:: 98–175.
1512:28 October
1190:References
1117:Article 24
1053:Montenegro
989:See also:
877:measures.
790:April 2020
414:April 1949
383:April 1947
360:Countries
305:World Bank
202:Depositary
161:1947-10-30
78:newspapers
5600:Elections
5301:Fair Deal
5186:Air Force
4804:Lithuania
4686:Venezuela
4596:Sri Lanka
4581:Singapore
4546:St. Lucia
4466:Nicaragua
4416:Mauritius
4311:Indonesia
4296:Hong Kong
4266:Guatemala
4066:Australia
4056:Argentina
3798:Criticism
3629:John Urry
3521:sociology
3371:Economics
3275:World war
2998:Globality
2966:education
2684:Computers
2669:Car parts
2664:Aluminium
2401:Incoterms
2334:Trade war
2046:. MSNBC.
1986:The Times
1935:16 August
1913:16 August
1855:16 August
1829:16 August
1751:226194899
1743:1945-7782
1502:0099-9660
1470:1531-5088
1454:: 37–67.
1423:0002-8282
1134:Malthouse
973:subsidies
961:Indonesia
606:87 months
575:74 months
547:Tariffs,
541:37 months
510:11 months
471:Geneva II
357:Duration
264:Marrakesh
210:Languages
184:Condition
5869:Category
5817:(mother)
5638:campaign
4989:Timeline
4844:Slovenia
4839:Slovakia
4829:Portugal
4734:Bulgaria
4706:Zimbabwe
4626:Thailand
4621:Tanzania
4601:Suriname
4511:Paraguay
4496:Pakistan
4431:Mongolia
4401:Maldives
4396:Malaysia
4291:Honduras
4231:Eswatini
4206:Dominica
4201:Djibouti
4171:Colombia
4136:Cameroon
4131:Cambodia
4101:Botswana
4081:Barbados
3694:Category
3363:scholars
3288:Theories
3196:cultural
3191:academic
2895:Journals
2832:Category
2804:Vehicles
2794:Textiles
2739:Iron ore
2704:Diamonds
2528:Mercosur
2506:Americas
2106:Archived
2075:Archived
2048:Archived
2021:Archived
1990:Archived
1959:Archived
1907:Archived
1878:Archived
1849:Archived
1823:Archived
1755:Archived
1693:Archived
1668:Archived
1595:Archived
1562:Archived
1506:Archived
1326:Archived
1300:Archived
1274:Archived
1254:4 August
1248:Archived
1217:Archived
1168:See also
1161:Liam Fox
1030:and the
934:services
538:May 1964
479:5 months
448:8 months
417:5 months
386:7 months
307:and the
239:such as
169:Location
5738:Chicago
5053:Cabinet
4834:Romania
4789:Ireland
4784:Hungary
4774:Germany
4764:Finland
4759:Estonia
4754:Denmark
4739:Croatia
4729:Belgium
4724:Austria
4691:Vietnam
4681:Uruguay
4661:Ukraine
4646:Tunisia
4566:Senegal
4476:Nigeria
4451:Namibia
4441:Morocco
4426:Moldova
4371:Liberia
4366:Lesotho
4321:Jamaica
4301:Iceland
4261:Grenada
4251:Georgia
4216:Ecuador
4126:Burundi
4121:Myanmar
4096:Bolivia
4071:Bahrain
4061:Armenia
4041:Algeria
4036:Albania
4024:Members
3456:economy
3361:Notable
3139:reverse
3067:Disease
3008:archaic
2919:Aspects
2910:Studies
2905:Outline
2842:Commons
2719:Engines
2482:Autarky
2154:2117941
2112:13 July
2081:13 July
2073:. BBC.
2054:15 July
2027:15 July
1996:15 July
1905:. WTO.
1847:. WTO.
1803:28 June
1028:Lebanon
1013:Liberia
1011:, with
938:capital
697:Torquay
598:Uruguay
533:Kennedy
516:Tariffs
454:Tariffs
440:Torquay
423:Tariffs
392:Tariffs
279:History
241:tariffs
227:) is a
159: (
146:Context
92:scholar
5805:(wife)
5796:Family
5769:Truman
5761:Truman
5666:Legacy
5476:(1950)
5455:(1948)
5444:(1947)
5433:(1947)
5427:(1947)
5421:(1946)
5415:(1946)
5387:(1946)
5381:(1946)
5324:1946;
5311:(1945)
5292:(1952)
5279:, 1951
5275:1950;
5241:(1949)
5230:1949;
5222:(1949)
5216:(1948)
5210:(1948)
5204:(1948)
5157:(1947)
5151:(1947)
5145:(1947)
5139:(1946)
5133:(1946)
5127:(1945)
5121:(1945)
5105:1945;
5002:second
4963:(1945)
4854:Sweden
4824:Poland
4799:Latvia
4779:Greece
4769:France
4744:Cyprus
4701:Zambia
4656:Uganda
4651:Turkey
4616:Taiwan
4536:Rwanda
4531:Russia
4501:Panama
4486:Norway
4421:Mexico
4391:Malawi
4351:Kuwait
4331:Jordan
4316:Israel
4281:Guyana
4271:Guinea
4141:Canada
4111:Brunei
4106:Brazil
4086:Belize
4046:Angola
3978:People
3791:Issues
3755:System
3216:social
3047:Global
3039:Issues
2799:Trucks
2759:Petrol
2699:Cotton
2689:Copper
2679:Coffee
2324:Tariff
2152:
1749:
1741:
1699:6 July
1568:10 May
1554:
1500:
1468:
1421:
1374:
1057:Serbia
737:Geneva
719:Geneva
679:Annecy
502:Dillon
409:Annecy
379:Geneva
354:Start
285:rounds
256:Geneva
245:quotas
173:Geneva
154:Signed
94:
87:
80:
73:
65:
5556:Homes
5031:1952)
4997:first
4849:Spain
4814:Malta
4794:Italy
4696:Yemen
4636:Tonga
4556:Samoa
4526:Qatar
4471:Niger
4456:Nepal
4381:Macau
4341:Kenya
4326:Japan
4306:India
4286:Haiti
4256:Ghana
4241:Gabon
4221:Egypt
4166:China
4161:Chile
4091:Benin
3206:media
3126:Other
2809:Wheat
2779:Steel
2774:Ships
2150:JSTOR
1931:. WTO
1881:(PDF)
1874:(PDF)
1758:(PDF)
1747:S2CID
1719:(PDF)
1671:(PDF)
1660:(PDF)
1045:Syria
1024:Syria
1005:Congo
567:Tokyo
351:Name
99:JSTOR
85:books
5633:1948
5623:1948
5613:1940
5520:Life
5372:1950
5367:1948
5362:1946
5232:NATO
5026:1950
4958:34th
4947:33rd
4631:Togo
4516:Peru
4491:Oman
4406:Mali
4361:Laos
4236:Fiji
4196:Cuba
4156:Chad
2814:Wine
2729:Gold
2694:Corn
2674:Coal
2114:2019
2083:2019
2056:2019
2029:2019
1998:2019
1967:2017
1937:2013
1915:2013
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