25:
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251:
236:
In addition, the discipline examines German under various aspects: the way it is spoken and written, i.e., spelling; declination; vocabulary; sentence structure; texts; etc. It compares the various manifestations such as social groupings (slang, written texts, etc.) and geographical groupings
694:
3128:
Germanistik im Netz – Erlanger Liste (The 'Erlanger Liste' is currently the largest collection of links to the various aspects of G***, including such archives, publishers, etc.; in German)
529:
of the sixteenth century, truly initiating the field of German studies. As an independent university subject, German studies was introduced at the beginning of the nineteenth century by
395:. The relationships of German literature to the literatures of other languages (e.g. reception and mutual influences) and historical contexts are also important areas of concentration.
3137:("BDSL Online" is the electronic version of the largest bibliography in the field of German language and literature studies. Access to report years 1985–1995 is free of charge.)
1935:
427:
At least in
Germany and Austria, German studies in academia play a central role in the education of German school teachers. Their courses usually cover four fields:
392:
4892:
3131:
Literaturwissenschaft online ("Literaturwissenschaft online" Kiel
University's e-learning site with live and archived lectures; free of charge; in German.)
3146:
363:
deals with the period from the beginnings of German in the early Middle Ages up to post-Medieval times around AD 1750, while the modern era is covered by
6302:
384:
1671:
759:
741:
54:
1848:
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L'épreuve de l'étranger. Culture et traduction dans l'Allemagne romantique: Herder, Goethe, Schlegel, Novalis, Humboldt, Schleiermacher, Hölderlin
3090:
772:
1458:
5267:
4345:
3164:
2005:
703:
1793:
5065:
1035:
175:
Modern German studies is usually seen as a combination of two sub-disciplines: German linguistics and
Germanophone literature studies.
3219:
998:
495:". In Germany, they are leading to a two step exam and certificate by the federated states of Germany cultural authorities, called the
4266:
6295:
4284:
1374:
Shitanda, So. "Zur
Vorgeschichte und Entstehung der deutschen Philologie im 19. Jh.: Karl Lachmann und die Brüder Grimm", in
1369:
1303:
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1236:
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323:
70:
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778:
295:
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1921:
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Germanistisches
Seminar der Universität Bonn, Institut für Germanistik, vergleichende Literatur- und Kulturwissenschaft,
5794:
187:
in
Germany, as there is something of a difference between philologists and linguists. It is roughly divided as follows:
6288:
3147:
https://web.archive.org/web/20060411030830/http://www.sign-lang.uni-hamburg.de/Medienprojekt/Literatur/9.med.analy.html
1120:
930:
668:
615:
3112:(Rice University's guide to German studies, including printed literature and links to German newspapers and magazines)
302:
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3109:
991:
404:
342:
94:
280:
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272:
1963:
309:
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1004:
840:
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https://web.archive.org/web/20050718171402/http://www.library.adelaide.edu.au/guide/hum/german/german_net.html
2530:
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1169:
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1675:
1587:
810:
650:
291:
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2279:"Home « Department of Germanic Languages and Literatures, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"
1341:
Text und Bild. Grundfragen der
Beschreibung von Text-Bild-Kommunikation aus sprachwissenschaftlicher Sicht
6805:
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6171:
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5381:
5340:
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3118:
1185:
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1573:
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in both its historic and present forms. Academic departments of German studies often include classes on
4547:
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1289:
Frühneuhochdeutsch. Eine Einführung in die deutsche
Sprache des Spätmittelalters und der frühen Neuzeit
1175:
1054:
834:
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5888:
4312:
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1256:. In collaboration with Meinolf Schumacher and Johannes Volmert. Reinbek bei Hamburg: Rowohlt, 2008.
1139:
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5262:
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3532:
3517:
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1619:
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891:
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As an unsystematic field of interest for individual scholars, German studies can be traced back to
261:
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4887:
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1086:
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59:
50:
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1016:
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Literarische
Problematisierung der Moderne. Medienprodukte : Zugänge-- Verfahren-- Kritik
415:; quite a few of the in terms in the book originated in German but have since been adopted by
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Department of German, National
University of Ireland – University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
602:
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in addition to the language and literature component. Common German names for the field are
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5483:
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1439:
1322:
1249:
1074:
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556:
5893:
3171:
Directory of some German resources in libraries and research centers throughout California
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8:
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229:
35:
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3509:
3448:
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germanistik.net (tries to get the user straight to the best sources of help; in German)
2642:"Department of Germanic Languages and Literatures - Washington University in St. Louis"
1557:
1180:
985:
961:
735:
729:
526:
412:
380:
201:
123:
39:
5376:
3085:
https://web.archive.org/web/20060218094937/http://bubl.ac.uk/link/g/germanlanguage.htm
3083:
BUBL Link (UK-based) Catalogue of Internet Resources Concerning the German Language:
521:. The publication and study of legal and historical source material, such as Medieval
487:
Several universities offer specialized curricula for school teachers, usually called "
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6588:
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5803:
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5197:
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are sometimes used (mostly by Germans), but the subject is more often referred to as
119:
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1811:
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as well as looking at it historically by author and epoch. Important areas include
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924:
619:
582:
416:
63:
5988:
3170:
3110:
https://web.archive.org/web/20051104142631/http://libadm87.rice.edu/ref/german.cfm
681:
Department of Germanic Studies, Trinity College, The University of Dublin, Ireland
6648:
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6538:
6528:
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6423:
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6326:
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3387:
3357:
3241:
3192:
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3122:
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2667:
2315:"Germanic Languages and Literatures - U-M LSA Germanic Languages and Literatures"
1446:
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1133:
973:
723:
633:
435:
408:
225:
191:
131:
115:
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4835:
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4476:
4431:
4424:
4139:
3923:
3587:
3274:
3152:
2508:
1396:
1224:
1138:
Department of Linguistics & Germanic, Slavic, Asian and African Languages,
534:
127:
3096:
3056:
2913:
2770:
2276:
6784:
6764:
6693:
6533:
6428:
6378:
6346:
6212:
6054:
5810:
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5517:
5430:
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5031:
3898:
3861:
3821:
3687:
3416:
3375:
538:
221:
6280:
4000:
2555:
2469:"University of Pittsburgh: Department of Germanic Languages and Literatures"
1726:"אוניברסיטת חיפה - הפקולטה למדעי הרוח I המרכז ללימודי גרמניה ואירופה - Home"
397:
The Penguin Dictionary of Literary Terms and Literary Theory: Fourth Edition
6724:
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6563:
6483:
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6081:
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5469:
5402:
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4489:
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3382:
2296:
1909:
1892:
1522:
1164:
718:"German studies" is taught at many German universities. Some examples are:
499:
5728:
3141:
https://web.archive.org/web/20060418211215/http://www.doaj.org/ljbs?cpid=8
3093:(University of Adelaide's categorized guide to German Area Studies online)
1620:"Katedra německých a rakouských st. | IMS - Institut mezinárodních studií"
695:
Bucerius Institute for Research of Contemporary German History and Society
6383:
5898:
5871:
5689:
5597:
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5240:
4823:
4518:
4482:
4417:
4074:
4032:
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3736:
3726:
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3421:
3087:(well organized; covers many aspects of the language and the study of it)
2820:
2659:
1725:
431:
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2623:
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5738:
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3913:
3903:
3781:
3731:
3607:
3602:
3570:
3289:
3106:(Dartmouth's German-Studies Web links, annotated and arranged by topic)
2116:
1768:
1689:
916:
German Program of the Department of World Languages & Literatures,
111:
2396:
2019:
1977:
1829:
Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Germanistisches.
1750:
1561:
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3716:
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2241:
472:
184:
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372:
250:
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6523:
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5713:
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4219:
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4149:
4124:
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3672:
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3597:
3555:
3264:
3197:
2963:
2845:
2681:
2278:
2259:
1383:
Remarks on the Needed Reform of German Studies in the United States
637:
544:
3143:(DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals, Literature and Languages)
2605:
2451:"Welcome! Willkommen! Добро пожаловать! Вітаємо! Witamy! — German"
2314:
367:. The field systematically examines German literature in terms of
5754:
5350:
5252:
4236:
4224:
4214:
4189:
4179:
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3617:
2472:
2216:
2166:
1870:
623:
514:
2148:
2130:
1591:
1244:
Deutsche Literaturgeschichte. Von den Anfängen bis zur Gegenwart
5057:
4256:
4209:
4194:
4159:
4134:
4099:
4094:
4027:
4012:
3950:
3888:
3873:
3851:
3801:
3791:
3786:
3699:
3694:
3652:
3622:
3013:
2686:
Linguistics & Germanic, Slavic, Asian and African Languages
2486:
2376:"Department of Germanic & Slavic Languages and Literatures"
1645:
871:
Department of European and Oriental Languages, German Studies,
3115:
2191:
4975:
4129:
4114:
4089:
4079:
4064:
4007:
3975:
3940:
3935:
3893:
3883:
3766:
3627:
3470:
3135:
Bibliographie der Deutschen Sprach- und Literaturwissenschaft
2192:"German Studies | German Studies Cornell Arts & Sciences"
2058:
1605:
1034:
Department of Germanic and Slavic Languages and Literatures,
947:
Department of Germanic and Slavic Languages and Literatures,
522:
368:
16:
Field of humanities related to German language and literature
3149:(University of Hamburg site with media studies bibliography)
3134:
2450:
2337:
German, Nordic, Slavic & Dutch | College of Liberal Arts
2260:"Germanic Studies - University of Illinois at Chicago - UIC"
2032:
4199:
3846:
2641:
2414:
2332:
1707:
1606:"Germanic Languages and Literatures, University of Toronto"
1556:
See e.g. the left navigation at the web page of one of the
411:
literary terms that apply cross-culturally in the field of
3193:
University of Wisconsin-Madison German-language Humanities
2076:
1327:
German Studies in the United States: A Historical Handbook
1282:
Wissenschaftsgeschichte der Germanistik im 19. Jahrhundert
2297:"German & Scandinavian Studies - LLC - UMass Amherst"
1329:. New York: Modern Language Association of America, 2003.
555:
Institute for German Studies (Institut für Germanistik),
460:
German language and literature since approximately 1750 (
57:
and tools are available to assist in formatting, such as
3188:
University of Leeds German, Russian and Slavonic Studies
2375:
728:
Institut für deutsche Sprache und Literatur I & II,
3153:
Categorical list of German Departments around the world
2560:
Department of German, Russian and East European Studies
2113:"German Department, University of California, Berkeley"
1364:. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, 2010.
2059:"Department of German Studies - University of Arizona"
809:
Department of Afrikaans and Dutch, German and French,
1362:
Einführung in die deutsche Literatur des Mittelalters
149:
Deutsche Sprachwissenschaft und Literaturwissenschaft
2624:"Department of Germanics - University of Washington"
2277:
ATLAS - University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
2242:"DEPARTMENT OF GERMANIC LANGUAGES & LITERATURES"
2063:
Department of German Studies - University of Arizona
449:
German language and literature of up to about 1750 (
2775:
The Germanic Review: Literature, Culture and Theory
2149:"Germanic & Slavic Languages & Literatures"
1378:, ed. by Teruaki Takahashi. Munich: Iudicium, 1992.
2415:"Department of Germanic Languages and Literatures"
1119:Department of Germanic Languages and Literatures,
1106:Department of Germanic Languages and Literatures,
1053:Department of Germanic Languages and Literatures,
1046:Department of Germanic Languages and Literatures,
1015:Department of Germanic Languages and Literatures,
997:Department of Germanic Languages and Literatures,
984:Department of Germanic Languages and Literatures,
601:Department of Germanic Languages and Literatures,
2153:Germanic & Slavic Languages & Literatures
1317:Aspekte der Fernsehanalyse. Methoden und Modelle.
1066:Department of Germanic Languages and Literature,
742:Heidelberg University Faculty of Modern Languages
6782:
2664:Department of Germanic Languages and Literatures
2419:Department of Germanic Languages and Literatures
2397:"Department of German - Northwestern University"
1812:"Institut für Deutsche Philologie - LMU München"
1588:"Department of German Language & Literature"
1151:Department of Languages, Literature and Culture
1085:Department of Classical & Modern Languages,
545:University departments and research institutions
3176:American Library Association German Studies Web
2095:"Department of German Studies - German Studies"
1769:"Institut für deutsche Sprache & Literatur"
1022:Department of German, Scandinavian, and Dutch,
760:Tübingen University Faculty of Modern Languages
845:Department of Literature, Language and Media,
773:National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
724:Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn
594:Department of German Language and Literature,
6310:
6296:
4339:
3213:
2333:"German, Scandinavian & Dutch Department"
2077:"German at the UofA - University of Arkansas"
1459:The Journal of English and Germanic Philology
1280:Fohrmann, Jürgen & Wilhelm Voßkamp, eds.
1092:Department of Germanic and Slavic Languages,
1059:Department of Germanic and Slavic Languages,
887:Department of German, University of Cambridge
581:Department of Education and Language Skills,
525:translations, were all undertaken during the
2939:"Publications of the English Goethe Society"
1847:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1348:Medienprodukte. Zugänge – Verfahren – Kritik
704:Haifa Center for German and European Studies
497:
489:
477:
462:
451:
440:
240:
147:
141:
135:
114:that researches, documents and disseminates
38:, which are uninformative and vulnerable to
3244:origin primarily identified as speakers of
3097:http://www.dartmouth.edu/~wess/wesslit.html
1534:Zeitschrift für interkulturelle Germanistik
1036:University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
771:Faculty of German Language and Literature,
649:Department of German and Austrian Studies,
422:
279:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
183:German linguistics is traditionally called
53:and maintains a consistent citation style.
6303:
6289:
4346:
4332:
3220:
3206:
1507:Publications of the English Goethe Society
1381:Van Cleve, John W. and A. Leslie Willson.
1126:Department of German, Nordic, and Slavic,
999:University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
884:Department of German, University of Oxford
777:School of German Language and Literature,
628:Institute of German and European Studies,
407:) is printed in English but contains many
1215:. Berlin: Directmedia Publishing. 2004.
754:Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster
343:Learn how and when to remove this message
95:Learn how and when to remove this message
1910:http://www.ffl.msu.ru/en/about/structure
1831:"Germanistik - Germanistisches Institut"
833:Department of Modern Foreign Languages,
4285:Christianisation of Anglo-Saxon England
1992:"Stellenbosch German Studies Programme"
1922:"German Language and Literature at UCT"
1336:. Munich: Schaudig, Bauer, Ledig, 1991.
568:Département d'Etudes Germanique (DEG),
6783:
4353:
1298:. Reinbek bei Hamburg: Rowohlt, 1994.
748:Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich
6284:
6017:
5631:
4375:
4327:
3201:
2989:"Teaching German (Unterrichtspraxis)"
937:University of California, Los Angeles
827:School of Languages and Literatures,
803:School of Languages and Literatures,
734:Institut für Germanistik I & II,
365:Neuere Deutsche Literaturwissenschaft
361:Ältere Deutsche Literaturwissenschaft
178:
3227:
2433:"Germanic Languages and Literatures"
1828:
1254:BA-Studium Germanistik. Ein Lehrbuch
1099:Department of Germanic and Russian,
779:Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
277:adding citations to reliable sources
244:
18:
4908:Plautdietsch / Mennonite Low German
1562:http://idsl1.phil-fak.uni-koeln.de/
1517:Teaching German (Unterrichtspraxis)
1385:. Columbia, SC: Camden House, 1993.
1252:, Kai Kauffmann, & Georg Mein.
1011:University of Massachusetts Amherst
821:Ancient Modern Languages Cultures,
730:Albertus-Magnus-Universität zu Köln
45:Please consider converting them to
13:
6267:Languages between parentheses are
5632:
2581:"Department of German and Russian"
2505:"Germanic Studie Website Redirect"
2471:. 10 February 2008. Archived from
2167:"Department of Germanic Languages"
2131:"Home - Germanic Languages - UCLA"
1796:. 10 December 2005. Archived from
1708:"German - University College Cork"
1355:Methodengeschichte der Germanistik
1270:. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 1984.
1246:. Stuttgart: J. B. Metzler, 1992.
1121:Washington University in St. Louis
954:Department of Germanic Languages,
935:Department of Germanic Languages,
931:University of California, Berkeley
746:Institut für deutsche Philologie,
616:Beijing Foreign Studies University
14:
6827:
3077:
2115:. 8 February 2006. Archived from
1978:"German Studies - What, why how?"
1690:"German - Trinity College Dublin"
1590:. 9 February 2006. Archived from
1312:. Stuttgart: J. B. Metzler, 1993.
1284:. Stuttgart: J. B. Metzler, 1994.
1275:Germanistische Sprachwissenschaft
1128:University of Wisconsin – Madison
1009:German and Scandinavian Studies,
992:University of Illinois at Chicago
839:Department of Foreign Languages,
4308:
4307:
1794:"German Language and Literature"
1334:Einführung in die Filmphilologie
1079:Department of Germanic Studies,
1003:Department of Germanic Studies,
990:Department of Germanic Studies,
249:
23:
4290:Christianization of Scandinavia
3049:
3024:
3006:
2981:
2956:
2931:
2906:
2881:
2863:
2838:
2825:Goethe Society of North America
2813:
2788:
2763:
2738:
2713:
2699:
2674:
2652:
2634:
2616:
2598:
2573:
2548:
2523:
2497:
2479:
2461:
2443:
2425:
2407:
2389:
2368:
2350:
2325:
2307:
2289:
2270:
2252:
2234:
2209:
2184:
2159:
2141:
2123:
2105:
2087:
2069:
2051:
2037:
2026:
2012:
1998:
1984:
1970:
1956:
1942:
1928:
1914:
1903:
1885:
1855:
1822:
1804:
1786:
1761:
1743:
1718:
1466:Journal of Germanic Linguistics
1201:
847:University of the Witwatersrand
6271:of the language on their left.
4280:Christianization of the Franks
3353:Continental Germanic mythology
3061:Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
1700:
1682:
1674:. 4 April 2006. Archived from
1664:
1638:
1612:
1598:
1580:
1566:
1550:
1350:. Tübingen: Gunter Narr, 1981.
1343:. Tübingen: Gunter Narr, 1986.
966:Department of German Studies,
960:Department of German Studies,
941:Department of German Studies,
923:Department of German Studies,
909:Department of German Studies,
904:United States of America (USA)
896:Department of German Studies,
841:University of the Western Cape
655:Department of German Studies,
166:German language and literature
49:to ensure the article remains
1:
6162:Germanic substrate hypothesis
6018:
3057:"Zeitschrift für Germanistik"
2846:"Journal of Austrian Studies"
1560:German studies institutes at
1544:
1172:(Delta Epsilon Phi) in the US
1170:German National Honor Society
1081:University of Texas at Austin
1061:Pennsylvania State University
657:Palacký University in Olomouc
6192:Ingvaeonic nasal spirant law
4883:Mecklenburgisch-Vorpommersch
1291:. Tübingen: Niemeyer, 2005.
811:University of the Free State
790:Department of Area Studies,
651:Charles University in Prague
596:Queen's University, Kingston
464:Neuere Literaturwissenschaft
453:Ältere Sprache und Literatur
359:is divided into two parts:
7:
6172:High German consonant shift
4295:Christianization of Iceland
3116:http://www.germanistik.net/
2871:"Lessing Yearbook/Jahrbuch"
1816:germanistik.uni-muenchen.de
1773:idsl1.phil-fak.uni-koeln.de
1539:Zeitschrift für Germanistik
1453:Journal of Austrian Studies
1389:
1357:. Berlin: De Gruyter, 2009.
1186:Germanisches Nationalmuseum
1158:
858:Área de Filología Alemana,
669:Jawaharlal Nehru University
10:
6832:
4710:Westlauwers–Terschellings
4363:According to contemporary
2893:UW Press Journals Division
1672:"Centre of German Studies"
1296:Geschichte der Germanistik
1231:. Paris: Gallimard, 1984.
1176:German Studies Association
1055:University of Pennsylvania
835:University of Stellenbosch
752:Germanistisches Institut,
570:Université d'Abomey-Calavi
508:
6712:
6319:
6254:
6205:
6129:
6098:
6030:
6026:
6013:
5962:
5935:
5889:Southern Schleswig Danish
5820:
5701:
5657:
5648:
5644:
5627:
5468:
5411:
5299:
5290:
5195:
5167:
5126:
5117:
5092:
5074:
4985:
4957:
4931:
4922:
4873:
4786:
4761:
4752:
4691:
4586:
4535:
4510:
4501:
4397:
4388:
4384:
4371:
4361:
4303:
4265:
3546:
3508:
3298:
3252:
3235:
2746:"German Life and Letters"
2283:www.germanic.illinois.edu
2135:Germanic Languages - UCLA
2033:http://www.usal.es/aleman
2020:"Wits, Why study German?"
1490:Michigan Germanic Studies
1140:Michigan State University
1112:Department of Germanics,
740:Germanistisches Seminar,
241:German literature studies
6167:West Germanic gemination
6121:Ancient Belgian language
6116:Germanic parent language
6060:Weser-Rhine (Istvaeonic)
5182:Austrian Standard German
4376:
3533:North Germanic languages
3518:Germanic parent language
1574:"Deutschabteilung Benin"
1310:Film- und Fernsehanalyse
1268:Sprache der Massenmedien
1206:
1114:University of Washington
1068:University of Pittsburgh
943:University of Cincinnati
892:University of Manchester
423:German teacher education
152:. In English, the terms
3538:West Germanic languages
3528:East Germanic languages
3523:Proto-Germanic language
3343:Proto-Germanic folklore
3280:Romano-Germanic culture
2914:"Oxford German Studies"
2606:"german.virginia.edu -"
2535:Truman State University
2531:"Modern Language Major"
2401:german.northwestern.edu
1755:germanistik.uni-bonn.de
1712:University College Cork
1408:German Life and Letters
1219:Die Deutschen Klassiker
1087:Truman State University
1042:Northwestern University
1024:University of Minnesota
860:University of Salamanca
805:University of Cape Town
792:Moscow State University
531:Georg Friedrich Benecke
6228:Preterite-present verb
6111:Proto-Germanic grammar
6065:North Sea (Ingvaeonic)
5177:German Standard German
4853:East Frisian Low Saxon
2943:English Goethe Society
2487:"Department of German"
2358:"Department of German"
2045:"German Courses @ MAK"
1646:"Katedra germanistiky"
1433:Germanistik in Ireland
1339:Muckenhaupt, Manfred:
1315:Hickethier, Knut, ed.
1213:Atlas Deutsche Sprache
1153:University of Zimbabwe
1132:Department of German,
1108:University of Virginia
1096:, Nashville, Tennessee
1089:, Kirksville, Missouri
1073:Department of German,
1040:Department of German,
1028:Department of German,
1017:University of Michigan
978:Department of German,
972:Department of German,
949:University of Colorado
929:Department of German,
918:University of Arkansas
890:Department of German,
823:University of Pretoria
614:Department of German,
498:
490:
478:
463:
452:
441:
419:critics and scholars.
393:textual interpretation
148:
142:
136:
6233:Grammatischer Wechsel
5216:Namibian Black German
5187:Swiss Standard German
5156:Early New High German
4714:Mainland West Frisian
4575:Harlingerland Frisian
3348:Anglo-Saxon mythology
3238:Ethnolinguistic group
3121:15 March 2007 at the
2171:germanic.columbia.edu
1502:Oxford German Studies
1478:Modern Language Notes
1414:German Studies Review
1360:Schumacher, Meinolf.
1353:Schneider, Jost, ed.
1287:Hartweg, Frédéric G.
1250:Bogdal, Klaus-Michael
1123:, St. Louis, Missouri
1116:, Seattle, Washington
1103:, Burlington, Vermont
1101:University of Vermont
1094:Vanderbilt University
1048:Ohio State University
980:Georgetown University
911:University of Arizona
898:University of Warwick
817:North-West University
815:School of Languages,
603:University of Toronto
389:history of literature
232:) 18th–21st centuries
218:) 14th–17th centuries
212:Early New High German
208:) 11th–14th centuries
6238:Indo-European ablaut
6218:Germanic strong verb
6187:Germanic spirant law
5324:Southeast Limburgish
4820:Gelders-Overijssels
4449:Irish Middle English
4439:Early Modern English
3165:Departmental Ratings
3102:18 June 2009 at the
3032:"About this journal"
2993:Wiley Online Journal
2918:Taylor & Francis
2750:Wiley Online Library
2628:depts.washington.edu
2491:german.princeton.edu
2475:on 10 February 2008.
2221:Department of German
1800:on 10 December 2005.
1650:Katedra germanistiky
1440:The German Quarterly
1323:Hohendahl, Peter Uwe
1277:. Vienna: WUV, 2004.
1075:Princeton University
557:University of Vienna
475:of teaching German (
273:improve this section
198:) 8th–11th centuries
6735:Culture by location
6206:Synchronic features
6177:Germanic a-mutation
6130:Diachronic features
5480:in the broad sense
5413:East Central German
5367:Lorraine Franconian
5341:Transylvanian Saxon
5301:West Central German
5076:East Low Franconian
4986:West Low Franconian
4275:Gothic Christianity
3158:26 May 2019 at the
2889:"Home: Monatshefte"
2362:New York University
2119:on 8 February 2006.
1873:on 2 September 2010
1594:on 9 February 2006.
1496:New German Critique
1421:The Germanic Review
1319:Hamburg: Lit, 1994.
1030:New York University
956:Columbia University
879:United Kingdom (UK)
873:Makerere University
758:Deutsches Seminar,
708:University of Haifa
699:University of Haifa
230:German dialectology
143:Deutsche Philologie
6806:Germanic philology
6796:Culture of Germany
6770:Vernacular culture
6494:Germanic languages
6223:Germanic weak verb
6032:Language subgroups
5382:Pennsylvania Dutch
5331:Moselle Franconian
5309:Central Franconian
5142:Middle High German
4893:Central Pomeranian
4848:Northern Low Saxon
4561:Wangerooge Frisian
4355:Germanic languages
3658:Germani cisrhenani
3366:Funerary practices
3270:Pre-Roman Iron Age
3246:Germanic languages
2771:"Journal overview"
2511:on 14 January 2015
2437:ccat.sas.upenn.edu
2196:german.cornell.edu
1751:"Germanistik Bonn"
1558:Cologne University
1308:Hickethier, Knut.
1242:Beutin, Wolfgang.
1181:Germanic philology
1005:Indiana University
986:Harvard University
962:Cornell University
736:Hamburg University
527:German Renaissance
442:Sprachwissenschaft
413:literary criticism
237:(dialects, etc.).
216:Frühneuhochdeutsch
202:Middle High German
179:German linguistics
6778:
6777:
6760:Political culture
6278:
6277:
6263:extinct languages
6250:
6249:
6246:
6245:
6197:Great Vowel Shift
6009:
6008:
6005:
6004:
5958:
5957:
5804:Greenlandic Norse
5623:
5622:
5619:
5618:
5615:
5614:
5554:Southern Bavarian
5537:Northern Bavarian
5513:Highest Alemannic
5464:
5463:
5198:standard variants
5113:
5112:
4959:Standard variants
4918:
4917:
4777:Middle Low German
4748:
4747:
4744:
4743:
4548:Saterland Frisian
4321:
4320:
3493:Gothic and Vandal
3285:Germanic Iron Age
3260:Nordic Bronze Age
3242:Northern European
2821:"GOETHE YEARBOOK"
2707:"German Programs"
2455:german.la.psu.edu
1936:"Division German"
1730:hcges.haifa.ac.il
1370:978-3-534-19603-6
1304:978-3-499-55534-3
1262:978-3-499-55682-1
1237:978-2-07-070076-9
968:Dartmouth College
829:Rhodes University
630:Tongji University
491:Deutsch (Lehramt)
471:Specifics of the
385:edition philology
357:German literature
353:
352:
345:
327:
206:Mittelhochdeutsch
105:
104:
97:
55:Several templates
6823:
6816:Germanic studies
6801:European studies
6750:Official culture
6730:Cultural studies
6419:Central European
6313:cultural studies
6305:
6298:
6291:
6282:
6281:
6055:Elbe (Irminonic)
6028:
6027:
6015:
6014:
5943:Mainland Gutnish
5833:Swedish dialects
5795:Middle Icelandic
5769:Middle Norwegian
5658:Historical forms
5655:
5654:
5646:
5645:
5629:
5628:
5588:South Franconian
5574:Hutterite German
5542:Central Bavarian
5362:Rhine Franconian
5297:
5296:
5127:Historical forms
5124:
5123:
5039:Surinamese Dutch
4932:Historical forms
4929:
4928:
4762:Historical forms
4759:
4758:
4511:Historical forms
4508:
4507:
4395:
4394:
4386:
4385:
4373:
4372:
4348:
4341:
4334:
4325:
4324:
4311:
4310:
4267:Christianization
3857:Ripuarian Franks
3229:Germanic peoples
3222:
3215:
3208:
3199:
3198:
3072:
3071:
3069:
3067:
3053:
3047:
3046:
3044:
3042:
3028:
3022:
3021:
3010:
3004:
3003:
3001:
2999:
2985:
2979:
2978:
2976:
2974:
2960:
2954:
2953:
2951:
2949:
2935:
2929:
2928:
2926:
2924:
2910:
2904:
2903:
2901:
2899:
2885:
2879:
2878:
2867:
2861:
2860:
2858:
2856:
2842:
2836:
2835:
2833:
2831:
2817:
2811:
2810:
2808:
2806:
2792:
2786:
2785:
2783:
2781:
2767:
2761:
2760:
2758:
2756:
2742:
2736:
2735:
2733:
2731:
2717:
2711:
2710:
2703:
2697:
2696:
2694:
2692:
2678:
2672:
2671:
2656:
2650:
2649:
2646:german.wustl.edu
2638:
2632:
2631:
2620:
2614:
2613:
2602:
2596:
2595:
2593:
2591:
2577:
2571:
2570:
2568:
2566:
2552:
2546:
2545:
2543:
2541:
2527:
2521:
2520:
2518:
2516:
2507:. Archived from
2501:
2495:
2494:
2483:
2477:
2476:
2465:
2459:
2458:
2447:
2441:
2440:
2429:
2423:
2422:
2411:
2405:
2404:
2393:
2387:
2386:
2384:
2382:
2372:
2366:
2365:
2354:
2348:
2347:
2345:
2343:
2329:
2323:
2322:
2311:
2305:
2304:
2293:
2287:
2286:
2274:
2268:
2267:
2264:lcsl.las.uic.edu
2256:
2250:
2249:
2238:
2232:
2231:
2229:
2227:
2213:
2207:
2206:
2204:
2202:
2188:
2182:
2181:
2179:
2177:
2163:
2157:
2156:
2145:
2139:
2138:
2127:
2121:
2120:
2109:
2103:
2102:
2101:. 29 April 2024.
2091:
2085:
2084:
2073:
2067:
2066:
2055:
2049:
2048:
2041:
2035:
2030:
2024:
2023:
2016:
2010:
2009:
2002:
1996:
1995:
1988:
1982:
1981:
1974:
1968:
1967:
1960:
1954:
1953:
1946:
1940:
1939:
1932:
1926:
1925:
1918:
1912:
1907:
1901:
1900:
1889:
1883:
1882:
1880:
1878:
1869:. Archived from
1859:
1853:
1852:
1846:
1838:
1826:
1820:
1819:
1808:
1802:
1801:
1790:
1784:
1783:
1781:
1779:
1765:
1759:
1758:
1747:
1741:
1740:
1738:
1736:
1722:
1716:
1715:
1704:
1698:
1697:
1686:
1680:
1679:
1678:on 4 April 2006.
1668:
1662:
1661:
1659:
1657:
1642:
1636:
1635:
1633:
1631:
1616:
1610:
1609:
1602:
1596:
1595:
1584:
1578:
1577:
1570:
1564:
1554:
1472:Lessing Yearbook
1346:Prokop, Dieter:
1266:Burger, Harald.
1050:, Columbus, Ohio
925:Brown University
620:Haidian District
583:Botho University
505:("state exam").
503:
493:
481:
466:
455:
444:
417:English-language
348:
341:
337:
334:
328:
326:
292:"German studies"
285:
253:
245:
170:German philology
151:
145:
139:
110:is the field of
100:
93:
89:
86:
80:
78:
67:
27:
26:
19:
6831:
6830:
6826:
6825:
6824:
6822:
6821:
6820:
6781:
6780:
6779:
6774:
6708:
6669:Southeast Asian
6594:Native American
6315:
6309:
6279:
6274:
6242:
6201:
6182:Germanic umlaut
6147:Holtzmann's law
6125:
6094:
6022:
6001:
5954:
5931:
5865:South Jutlandic
5850:Danish dialects
5816:
5697:
5640:
5611:
5593:East Franconian
5547:Viennese German
5460:
5441:Silesian German
5407:
5396:Central Hessian
5286:
5211:Namibian German
5200:
5191:
5169:Standard German
5163:
5149:New High German
5135:Old High German
5109:
5088:
5070:
4981:
4953:
4914:
4898:East Pomeranian
4888:Brandenburgisch
4875:East Low German
4869:
4796:Dutch Low Saxon
4788:West Low German
4782:
4740:
4706:Schiermonnikoog
4687:
4582:
4568:Wursten Frisian
4531:
4497:
4380:
4367:
4357:
4352:
4322:
4317:
4299:
4261:
3542:
3504:
3466:Gothic alphabet
3358:Norse mythology
3294:
3248:
3231:
3226:
3160:Wayback Machine
3123:Wayback Machine
3104:Wayback Machine
3080:
3075:
3065:
3063:
3055:
3054:
3050:
3040:
3038:
3030:
3029:
3025:
3012:
3011:
3007:
2997:
2995:
2987:
2986:
2982:
2972:
2970:
2962:
2961:
2957:
2947:
2945:
2937:
2936:
2932:
2922:
2920:
2912:
2911:
2907:
2897:
2895:
2887:
2886:
2882:
2875:Lessing Society
2869:
2868:
2864:
2854:
2852:
2844:
2843:
2839:
2829:
2827:
2819:
2818:
2814:
2804:
2802:
2794:
2793:
2789:
2779:
2777:
2769:
2768:
2764:
2754:
2752:
2744:
2743:
2739:
2729:
2727:
2719:
2718:
2714:
2705:
2704:
2700:
2690:
2688:
2680:
2679:
2675:
2668:Yale University
2658:
2657:
2653:
2640:
2639:
2635:
2622:
2621:
2617:
2604:
2603:
2599:
2589:
2587:
2579:
2578:
2574:
2564:
2562:
2554:
2553:
2549:
2539:
2537:
2529:
2528:
2524:
2514:
2512:
2503:
2502:
2498:
2485:
2484:
2480:
2467:
2466:
2462:
2449:
2448:
2444:
2431:
2430:
2426:
2413:
2412:
2408:
2395:
2394:
2390:
2380:
2378:
2374:
2373:
2369:
2356:
2355:
2351:
2341:
2339:
2331:
2330:
2326:
2313:
2312:
2308:
2295:
2294:
2290:
2275:
2271:
2258:
2257:
2253:
2246:fas.harvard.edu
2240:
2239:
2235:
2225:
2223:
2215:
2214:
2210:
2200:
2198:
2190:
2189:
2185:
2175:
2173:
2165:
2164:
2160:
2147:
2146:
2142:
2129:
2128:
2124:
2111:
2110:
2106:
2093:
2092:
2088:
2081:german.uark.edu
2075:
2074:
2070:
2057:
2056:
2052:
2043:
2042:
2038:
2031:
2027:
2018:
2017:
2013:
2004:
2003:
1999:
1990:
1989:
1985:
1976:
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1971:
1962:
1961:
1957:
1948:
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1934:
1933:
1929:
1920:
1919:
1915:
1908:
1904:
1893:"Αρχική σελίδα"
1891:
1890:
1886:
1876:
1874:
1861:
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1856:
1840:
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1835:uni-muenster.de
1827:
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1624:ims.fsv.cuni.cz
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1551:
1547:
1447:Goethe Yearbook
1392:
1332:Kanzog, Klaus.
1294:Hermand, Jost.
1225:Berman, Antoine
1209:
1204:
1196:Sturm und Drang
1191:New Objectivity
1161:
1134:Yale University
1019:, Ann Arbor, MI
974:Duke University
634:Yangpu District
547:
511:
425:
409:German-language
349:
338:
332:
329:
286:
284:
270:
254:
243:
226:Standard German
192:Old High German
181:
132:German politics
116:German language
101:
90:
84:
81:
69:
58:
44:
28:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6829:
6819:
6818:
6813:
6808:
6803:
6798:
6793:
6791:German studies
6776:
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6767:
6762:
6757:
6752:
6747:
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6740:Ethnic studies
6737:
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6714:
6710:
6709:
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6686:
6681:
6676:
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6666:
6661:
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6641:
6636:
6631:
6626:
6621:
6616:
6611:
6606:
6601:
6596:
6591:
6586:
6584:Middle Eastern
6581:
6576:
6571:
6569:Latin American
6566:
6561:
6556:
6551:
6546:
6541:
6536:
6531:
6526:
6521:
6516:
6511:
6506:
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6476:
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6456:
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6411:
6406:
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6396:
6391:
6386:
6381:
6376:
6371:
6366:
6361:
6356:
6355:
6354:
6349:
6344:
6342:Asian American
6334:
6329:
6323:
6321:
6317:
6316:
6308:
6307:
6300:
6293:
6285:
6276:
6275:
6273:
6272:
6265:
6255:
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6248:
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6235:
6230:
6225:
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6215:
6209:
6207:
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6194:
6189:
6184:
6179:
6174:
6169:
6164:
6159:
6154:
6149:
6144:
6139:
6133:
6131:
6127:
6126:
6124:
6123:
6118:
6113:
6108:
6106:Proto-Germanic
6102:
6100:
6096:
6095:
6093:
6092:
6085:
6078:
6070:
6069:
6068:
6067:
6062:
6057:
6047:
6042:
6036:
6034:
6024:
6023:
6011:
6010:
6007:
6006:
6003:
6002:
6000:
5999:
5992:
5985:
5981:Crimean Gothic
5970:
5968:
5960:
5959:
5956:
5955:
5953:
5952:
5951:
5950:
5945:
5936:
5933:
5932:
5930:
5929:
5928:
5927:
5917:
5916:
5915:
5908:
5901:
5896:
5891:
5886:
5885:
5884:
5879:
5869:
5868:
5867:
5857:
5855:Insular Danish
5852:
5842:
5841:
5840:
5838:Rinkebysvenska
5835:
5824:
5822:
5818:
5817:
5815:
5814:
5807:
5800:
5799:
5798:
5791:
5779:
5774:
5773:
5772:
5765:
5758:
5752:
5746:
5741:
5736:
5731:
5726:
5721:
5716:
5705:
5703:
5699:
5698:
5696:
5695:
5694:
5693:
5686:
5684:Old East Norse
5681:
5679:Old West Norse
5669:
5661:
5659:
5652:
5642:
5641:
5625:
5624:
5621:
5620:
5617:
5616:
5613:
5612:
5610:
5609:
5602:
5601:
5600:
5590:
5585:
5584:
5583:
5582:
5581:
5576:
5571:
5566:
5561:
5559:South Tyrolean
5551:
5550:
5549:
5539:
5529:
5528:
5527:
5522:
5521:
5520:
5510:
5509:
5508:
5501:High Alemannic
5498:
5497:
5496:
5491:
5474:
5472:
5466:
5465:
5462:
5461:
5459:
5458:
5453:
5448:
5443:
5438:
5433:
5428:
5423:
5417:
5415:
5409:
5408:
5406:
5405:
5400:
5399:
5398:
5388:
5387:
5386:
5385:
5384:
5379:
5369:
5359:
5358:
5357:
5356:
5355:
5354:
5353:
5343:
5338:
5328:
5327:
5326:
5321:
5305:
5303:
5294:
5292:Central German
5288:
5287:
5285:
5284:
5283:
5282:
5277:
5270:
5265:
5260:
5250:
5245:
5244:
5243:
5233:
5231:Barossa German
5228:
5223:
5218:
5213:
5207:
5205:
5193:
5192:
5190:
5189:
5184:
5179:
5173:
5171:
5165:
5164:
5162:
5161:
5160:
5159:
5145:
5138:
5130:
5128:
5121:
5115:
5114:
5111:
5110:
5108:
5107:
5102:
5096:
5094:
5090:
5089:
5087:
5086:
5080:
5078:
5072:
5071:
5069:
5068:
5051:
5046:
5041:
5035:
5034:
5029:
5024:
5019:
5014:
5013:
5012:
5010:French Flemish
5002:
5001:
5000:
4989:
4987:
4983:
4982:
4980:
4979:
4969:
4963:
4961:
4955:
4954:
4952:
4951:
4946:
4941:
4935:
4933:
4926:
4924:Low Franconian
4920:
4919:
4916:
4915:
4913:
4912:
4911:
4910:
4900:
4895:
4890:
4885:
4879:
4877:
4871:
4870:
4868:
4867:
4862:
4857:
4856:
4855:
4845:
4844:
4843:
4838:
4833:
4832:
4831:
4826:
4818:
4813:
4808:
4803:
4792:
4790:
4784:
4783:
4781:
4780:
4773:
4765:
4763:
4756:
4750:
4749:
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4745:
4742:
4741:
4739:
4738:
4737:
4736:
4731:
4730:
4729:
4728:
4727:
4725:Westereendersk
4719:
4708:
4703:
4697:
4695:
4689:
4688:
4686:
4685:
4684:
4683:
4678:
4671:
4666:
4665:
4664:
4659:
4656:
4648:
4643:
4642:
4641:
4630:
4629:
4628:
4623:
4618:
4617:
4616:
4611:
4603:
4592:
4590:
4584:
4583:
4581:
4580:
4579:
4578:
4571:
4564:
4552:
4551:
4550:
4541:
4539:
4533:
4532:
4530:
4529:
4526:Middle Frisian
4522:
4514:
4512:
4505:
4499:
4498:
4496:
4495:
4494:
4493:
4486:
4474:
4473:
4472:
4465:
4458:
4446:
4445:
4444:
4443:
4442:
4432:Modern English
4428:
4425:Middle English
4421:
4414:
4403:
4401:
4392:
4382:
4381:
4369:
4368:
4362:
4359:
4358:
4351:
4350:
4343:
4336:
4328:
4319:
4318:
4316:
4315:
4304:
4301:
4300:
4298:
4297:
4292:
4287:
4282:
4277:
4271:
4269:
4263:
4262:
4260:
4259:
4254:
4249:
4244:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4228:
4227:
4222:
4212:
4207:
4202:
4197:
4192:
4187:
4182:
4177:
4172:
4167:
4162:
4157:
4152:
4147:
4142:
4137:
4132:
4127:
4122:
4117:
4112:
4107:
4102:
4097:
4092:
4087:
4082:
4077:
4072:
4067:
4062:
4057:
4052:
4047:
4042:
4037:
4036:
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4030:
4025:
4020:
4015:
4005:
4004:
4003:
3993:
3988:
3983:
3978:
3973:
3968:
3963:
3958:
3953:
3948:
3943:
3938:
3933:
3932:
3931:
3926:
3924:Thracian Goths
3921:
3916:
3911:
3906:
3901:
3891:
3886:
3881:
3876:
3871:
3866:
3865:
3864:
3859:
3849:
3844:
3839:
3834:
3829:
3824:
3819:
3814:
3809:
3804:
3799:
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3779:
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3697:
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3320:
3315:
3310:
3304:
3302:
3296:
3295:
3293:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3275:Roman Iron Age
3272:
3267:
3262:
3256:
3254:
3250:
3249:
3236:
3233:
3232:
3225:
3224:
3217:
3210:
3202:
3196:
3195:
3190:
3184:
3183:
3182:Library guides
3179:
3178:
3173:
3168:
3162:
3150:
3144:
3138:
3132:
3129:
3126:
3113:
3107:
3094:
3088:
3079:
3078:External links
3076:
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3005:
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2140:
2122:
2104:
2086:
2068:
2050:
2047:. 16 May 2023.
2036:
2025:
2022:. 16 May 2023.
2011:
2008:. 16 May 2023.
1997:
1994:. 16 May 2023.
1983:
1980:. 16 May 2023.
1969:
1966:. 17 May 2023.
1955:
1952:. 16 May 2023.
1941:
1938:. 16 May 2023.
1927:
1924:. 16 May 2023.
1913:
1902:
1884:
1863:"Welcome Page"
1854:
1821:
1803:
1785:
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1576:. 16 May 2023.
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1480:(German Issue)
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1397:Acta Germanica
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1358:
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1320:
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1278:
1273:Ernst, Peter.
1271:
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1070:, Pennsylvania
1064:
1063:, Pennsylvania
1057:
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920:, Fayetteville
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644:Czech Republic
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586:
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560:
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546:
543:
535:Brothers Grimm
510:
507:
485:
484:
469:
458:
447:
424:
421:
351:
350:
257:
255:
248:
242:
239:
234:
233:
219:
209:
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196:Althochdeutsch
180:
177:
162:German studies
128:German history
124:German culture
108:German studies
103:
102:
47:full citations
31:
29:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6828:
6817:
6814:
6812:
6809:
6807:
6804:
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6799:
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6789:
6788:
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6771:
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6766:
6765:Super culture
6763:
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6758:
6756:
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6751:
6748:
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6680:
6677:
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6672:
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6660:
6657:
6655:
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6647:
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6607:
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6597:
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6335:
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6328:
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6283:
6270:
6266:
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6257:
6256:
6253:
6239:
6236:
6234:
6231:
6229:
6226:
6224:
6221:
6219:
6216:
6214:
6213:Germanic verb
6211:
6210:
6208:
6204:
6198:
6195:
6193:
6190:
6188:
6185:
6183:
6180:
6178:
6175:
6173:
6170:
6168:
6165:
6163:
6160:
6158:
6155:
6153:
6152:Sievers's law
6150:
6148:
6145:
6143:
6140:
6138:
6135:
6134:
6132:
6128:
6122:
6119:
6117:
6114:
6112:
6109:
6107:
6104:
6103:
6101:
6099:Reconstructed
6097:
6091:
6090:
6086:
6084:
6083:
6079:
6077:
6076:
6072:
6071:
6066:
6063:
6061:
6058:
6056:
6053:
6052:
6051:
6048:
6046:
6043:
6041:
6038:
6037:
6035:
6033:
6029:
6025:
6021:
6016:
6012:
5998:
5997:
5993:
5991:
5990:
5986:
5983:
5982:
5977:
5976:
5972:
5971:
5969:
5967:
5966:
5961:
5949:
5946:
5944:
5941:
5940:
5938:
5937:
5934:
5926:
5923:
5922:
5921:
5918:
5914:
5913:
5912:Middle Danish
5909:
5907:
5906:
5902:
5900:
5897:
5895:
5892:
5890:
5887:
5883:
5880:
5878:
5875:
5874:
5873:
5870:
5866:
5863:
5862:
5861:
5858:
5856:
5853:
5851:
5848:
5847:
5846:
5843:
5839:
5836:
5834:
5831:
5830:
5829:
5826:
5825:
5823:
5819:
5813:
5812:
5808:
5806:
5805:
5801:
5797:
5796:
5792:
5790:
5789:
5788:Old Icelandic
5785:
5784:
5783:
5780:
5778:
5775:
5771:
5770:
5766:
5764:
5763:
5762:Old Norwegian
5759:
5756:
5753:
5750:
5747:
5745:
5742:
5740:
5737:
5735:
5732:
5730:
5727:
5725:
5722:
5720:
5717:
5715:
5712:
5711:
5710:
5707:
5706:
5704:
5700:
5692:
5691:
5687:
5685:
5682:
5680:
5677:
5676:
5675:
5674:
5670:
5668:
5667:
5663:
5662:
5660:
5656:
5653:
5651:
5647:
5643:
5639:
5635:
5630:
5626:
5608:
5607:
5603:
5599:
5596:
5595:
5594:
5591:
5589:
5586:
5580:
5579:Gottscheerish
5577:
5575:
5572:
5570:
5567:
5565:
5562:
5560:
5557:
5556:
5555:
5552:
5548:
5545:
5544:
5543:
5540:
5538:
5535:
5534:
5533:
5530:
5526:
5523:
5519:
5518:Walser German
5516:
5515:
5514:
5511:
5507:
5504:
5503:
5502:
5499:
5495:
5492:
5490:
5487:
5486:
5485:
5484:Low Alemannic
5482:
5481:
5479:
5476:
5475:
5473:
5471:
5467:
5457:
5454:
5452:
5449:
5447:
5446:High Prussian
5444:
5442:
5439:
5437:
5434:
5432:
5431:Erzgebirgisch
5429:
5427:
5424:
5422:
5419:
5418:
5416:
5414:
5410:
5404:
5401:
5397:
5394:
5393:
5392:
5389:
5383:
5380:
5378:
5375:
5374:
5373:
5370:
5368:
5365:
5364:
5363:
5360:
5352:
5349:
5348:
5347:
5344:
5342:
5339:
5337:
5336:Luxembourgish
5334:
5333:
5332:
5329:
5325:
5322:
5320:
5317:
5316:
5315:
5312:
5311:
5310:
5307:
5306:
5304:
5302:
5298:
5295:
5293:
5289:
5281:
5278:
5276:
5275:
5274:Klezmer-loshn
5271:
5269:
5268:Scots Yiddish
5266:
5264:
5261:
5259:
5256:
5255:
5254:
5251:
5249:
5246:
5242:
5239:
5238:
5237:
5234:
5232:
5229:
5227:
5224:
5222:
5219:
5217:
5214:
5212:
5209:
5208:
5206:
5204:
5199:
5194:
5188:
5185:
5183:
5180:
5178:
5175:
5174:
5172:
5170:
5166:
5158:
5157:
5153:
5152:
5151:
5150:
5146:
5144:
5143:
5139:
5137:
5136:
5132:
5131:
5129:
5125:
5122:
5120:
5116:
5106:
5105:Meuse-Rhenish
5103:
5101:
5098:
5097:
5095:
5091:
5085:
5082:
5081:
5079:
5077:
5073:
5067:
5063:
5059:
5055:
5052:
5050:
5047:
5045:
5042:
5040:
5037:
5036:
5033:
5032:Kleverlandish
5030:
5028:
5025:
5023:
5020:
5018:
5015:
5011:
5008:
5007:
5006:
5003:
4999:
4996:
4995:
4994:
4993:Central Dutch
4991:
4990:
4988:
4984:
4977:
4973:
4970:
4968:
4965:
4964:
4962:
4960:
4956:
4950:
4947:
4945:
4942:
4940:
4937:
4936:
4934:
4930:
4927:
4925:
4921:
4909:
4906:
4905:
4904:
4901:
4899:
4896:
4894:
4891:
4889:
4886:
4884:
4881:
4880:
4878:
4876:
4872:
4866:
4863:
4861:
4858:
4854:
4851:
4850:
4849:
4846:
4842:
4839:
4837:
4834:
4830:
4827:
4825:
4822:
4821:
4819:
4817:
4814:
4812:
4809:
4807:
4804:
4802:
4801:Stellingwarfs
4799:
4798:
4797:
4794:
4793:
4791:
4789:
4785:
4779:
4778:
4774:
4772:
4771:
4767:
4766:
4764:
4760:
4757:
4755:
4751:
4735:
4732:
4726:
4723:
4722:
4721:Wood Frisian
4720:
4717:
4716:
4715:
4712:
4711:
4709:
4707:
4704:
4702:
4699:
4698:
4696:
4694:
4690:
4682:
4679:
4677:
4676:
4672:
4670:
4667:
4663:
4660:
4657:
4654:
4653:
4652:
4649:
4647:
4644:
4639:
4638:
4637:
4634:
4633:
4631:
4627:
4624:
4622:
4619:
4615:
4612:
4610:
4607:
4606:
4604:
4602:
4601:
4597:
4596:
4594:
4593:
4591:
4589:
4588:North Frisian
4585:
4577:
4576:
4572:
4570:
4569:
4565:
4563:
4562:
4558:
4557:
4556:
4553:
4549:
4546:
4545:
4543:
4542:
4540:
4538:
4534:
4528:
4527:
4523:
4521:
4520:
4516:
4515:
4513:
4509:
4506:
4504:
4500:
4492:
4491:
4487:
4485:
4484:
4480:
4479:
4478:
4475:
4471:
4470:
4466:
4464:
4463:
4459:
4457:
4456:
4452:
4451:
4450:
4447:
4441:
4440:
4436:
4435:
4434:
4433:
4429:
4427:
4426:
4422:
4420:
4419:
4415:
4413:
4410:
4409:
4408:
4405:
4404:
4402:
4400:
4396:
4393:
4391:
4390:Anglo-Frisian
4387:
4383:
4379:
4374:
4370:
4366:
4360:
4356:
4349:
4344:
4342:
4337:
4335:
4330:
4329:
4326:
4314:
4306:
4305:
4302:
4296:
4293:
4291:
4288:
4286:
4283:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4272:
4270:
4268:
4264:
4258:
4255:
4253:
4250:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4238:
4235:
4233:
4230:
4226:
4223:
4221:
4218:
4217:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4208:
4206:
4203:
4201:
4198:
4196:
4193:
4191:
4188:
4186:
4183:
4181:
4178:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4168:
4166:
4163:
4161:
4158:
4156:
4153:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4123:
4121:
4118:
4116:
4113:
4111:
4108:
4106:
4103:
4101:
4098:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4058:
4056:
4053:
4051:
4048:
4046:
4043:
4041:
4038:
4034:
4031:
4029:
4026:
4024:
4021:
4019:
4016:
4014:
4011:
4010:
4009:
4006:
4002:
3999:
3998:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3984:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3974:
3972:
3969:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3952:
3949:
3947:
3944:
3942:
3939:
3937:
3934:
3930:
3927:
3925:
3922:
3920:
3917:
3915:
3912:
3910:
3907:
3905:
3902:
3900:
3899:Crimean Goths
3897:
3896:
3895:
3892:
3890:
3887:
3885:
3882:
3880:
3877:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3863:
3862:Salian Franks
3860:
3858:
3855:
3854:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3820:
3818:
3815:
3813:
3810:
3808:
3805:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3795:
3793:
3790:
3788:
3785:
3783:
3780:
3778:
3775:
3773:
3770:
3768:
3765:
3763:
3760:
3758:
3755:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3725:
3723:
3720:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3710:
3708:
3705:
3701:
3698:
3696:
3693:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3660:
3659:
3656:
3655:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3646:
3644:
3641:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3631:
3629:
3626:
3624:
3621:
3619:
3616:
3614:
3611:
3609:
3606:
3604:
3601:
3599:
3596:
3594:
3591:
3589:
3586:
3584:
3581:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3558:
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3554:
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3551:
3549:
3545:
3539:
3536:
3534:
3531:
3529:
3526:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3515:
3513:
3511:
3507:
3499:
3496:
3494:
3491:
3489:
3486:
3485:
3484:
3481:
3479:
3476:
3472:
3469:
3467:
3464:
3463:
3462:
3459:
3457:
3454:
3450:
3447:
3445:
3442:
3440:
3437:
3436:
3435:
3432:
3430:
3427:
3423:
3420:
3419:
3418:
3415:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3402:
3401:
3398:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3385:
3384:
3381:
3377:
3374:
3372:
3369:
3368:
3367:
3364:
3359:
3356:
3354:
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3349:
3346:
3344:
3341:
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3339:
3336:
3334:
3331:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3305:
3303:
3301:
3300:Early culture
3297:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
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3247:
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3239:
3234:
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3223:
3218:
3216:
3211:
3209:
3204:
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3200:
3194:
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3185:
3181:
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3169:
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3139:
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3114:
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3098:
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3033:
3027:
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3009:
2994:
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2884:
2876:
2872:
2866:
2851:
2847:
2841:
2826:
2822:
2816:
2801:
2797:
2796:"Germanistik"
2791:
2776:
2772:
2766:
2751:
2747:
2741:
2726:
2722:
2716:
2708:
2702:
2687:
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2398:
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2334:
2328:
2320:
2319:lsa.umich.edu
2316:
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2100:
2096:
2090:
2082:
2078:
2072:
2064:
2060:
2054:
2046:
2040:
2034:
2029:
2021:
2015:
2007:
2001:
1993:
1987:
1979:
1973:
1965:
1959:
1951:
1945:
1937:
1931:
1923:
1917:
1911:
1906:
1898:
1894:
1888:
1872:
1868:
1867:www.gs.uoa.gr
1864:
1858:
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1021:
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996:
994:, Chicago, IL
993:
989:
987:
983:
981:
977:
975:
971:
969:
965:
963:
959:
957:
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951:, Boulder, CO
950:
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6720:Anthropology
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6564:Kremlinology
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5403:Amana German
5377:Volga German
5346:Hunsrückisch
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5226:Unserdeutsch
5221:Berlinerisch
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5044:Jersey Dutch
5022:East Flemish
5005:West Flemish
4949:Middle Dutch
4903:Low Prussian
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