Hijab - Knowledge

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presence of men. The contemporary understanding of the hijab dates back to Hadith when the "verse of the hijab" descended upon the community in 627 CE. Now documented in Sura 33:53, the verse states, "And when you ask for something, ask them from behind a partition. That is purer for your hearts and their hearts". This verse, however, was not addressed to women in general, but exclusively to Muhammad's wives. As Muhammad's influence increased, he entertained more and more visitors in the mosque, which was then his home. Often, these visitors stayed the night only feet away from his wives' apartments. It is commonly understood that this verse was intended to protect his wives from these strangers. During Muhammad's lifetime the term for donning the veil,

246:˹O Prophet!˺ Tell the believing men to lower their gaze and guard their chastity. That is purer for them. Surely Allah is aware of what they do. And tell the believing women to lower their gaze and guard their chastity, and not to reveal their adornments except what normally appears. Let them draw their veils over their chests, and not reveal their adornments except to their husbands, their fathers, their fathers-in-law, their sons, their stepsons, their brothers, their brothers’ sons or sisters’ sons, their fellow women, those ˹bondwomen˺ in their possession, male attendants with no desire, or children who are still unaware of women’s nakedness. Let them not stomp their feet, drawing attention to their hidden adornments...... 1134: 1215:, a news organization based in the UK. The Iranian government has enforced their penal dress codes less strictly and instead of imprisonment as a punishment have implemented mandatory reform classes in the liberal capital, Tehran. General Hossein Rahimi, the Tehran's police chief stated, "Those who do not observe the Islamic dress code will no longer be taken to detention centers, nor will judicial cases be filed against them" (Smith, 2017). The remarks of Tehran's recent police chief in 2017 reflect political progress in contrast with the remarks of Tehran's 2006 police chief. Iranian women activists have made a headway since 1979 relying on fashion to enact cultural and political change. 988: 1844:, a style of swimwear intended to accord with rules of hijab. Dozens of women were subsequently issued fines, with some tickets citing not wearing "an outfit respecting good morals and secularism", and some were verbally attacked by bystanders when they were confronted by the police. Enforcement of the ban also hit beachgoers wearing a wide range of modest attire besides the burqini. Media reported that in one case the police forced a woman to remove part of her clothing on a beach in Nice. The Nice mayor's office denied that she was forced to do so and the mayor condemned what he called the "unacceptable provocation" of wearing such clothes in the aftermath of the 2626: 1676: 1275: 1585: 1581:

time. Despite many criticisms of the practice of hijab being oppressive and detrimental to women's equality, many Muslim women view the way of dress to be a positive thing. It is seen as a way to avoid harassment and unwanted sexual advances in public and works to desexualize women in the public sphere in order to instead allow them to enjoy equal rights of complete legal, economic, and political status. This modesty was not only demonstrated by their chosen way of dress but also by their serious demeanor which worked to show their dedication to modesty and Islamic beliefs.

870: 1793:. The upper house, Majlisi Milli, approved the legislation on June 19, following approval by the lower house, Majlisi Namoyandagon, on May 8. The bill specifically targets the hijab, a traditional Islamic headscarf. This formalization of restrictions comes after years of Tajikistan unofficially discouraging Islamic attire, including headscarves and bushy beards. In 2007, the Ministry of Education banned both Islamic clothing and Western-style miniskirts in schools, a policy later extended to all public institutions. Minister of Culture 1490: 1462:

throughout the Middle East. Veiling of Arab Muslim women became especially pervasive under Ottoman rule as a mark of rank and exclusive lifestyle, and Istanbul of the 17th century witnessed differentiated dress styles that reflected geographical and occupational identities. Women in rural areas were much slower to adopt veiling because the garments interfered with their work in the fields. Since wearing a veil was impractical for working women, "a veiled woman silently announced that her husband was rich enough to keep her idle."

97: 2016:, some of Islamophobia's manifestations are seen within the workplace. Women wearing the hijab are at risk of discrimination in their workplace because the hijab helps identify them for anyone who may hold Islamophobic attitudes. Their association with the Islamic faith automatically projects any negative stereotyping of the religion onto them. As a result of the heightened discrimination, some hijab-wearing Muslim women in the workplace resort to taking off their hijab in hopes to prevent any further prejudice acts. 1533: 1177: 1304: 1525:, jilbab and niqab made a comeback. There were demonstrations in Iran in March 1979 after the hijab law, decreeing that women in Iran would have to wear scarves to leave the house, was brought in. However, this phenomenon did not happen in all countries with a significant Muslim population; in Turkey there has been a decline on women wearing the hijab in recent years, although under Erdoğan Turkey is becoming more conservative and Islamic, as Turkey repeals the 10651: 1852:

includes equality), or by xenophobia/ethnic prejudice and by anti-religious sentiments. The studies have revealed the effects of subtle prejudice/racism, values (self-enhancement values and security versus universalism), and religious attitudes (literal anti-religious thinking versus spirituality), in predicting greater levels of anti-veil attitudes beyond the effects of other related variables such as age and political conservatism.

1138: 1137: 2107: 1139: 10387: 2093: 1136: 1695:. The United Nations Human Rights Council has urged Iran to uphold the rights of those advocating for dress code reforms. Government and religious institutions mandate the khimar headscarf and overcoat, while women in other public areas often wear a loosely tied headscarf. The government officially promotes stricter veiling, citing both Islamic principles and pre-Islamic Iranian culture. 1975:, during which women wearing the hijab were detained and taken to a police station. Those who agreed to remove their hijab were released "after a conversation", while those who refused were transferred to the counterterrorism department and given a lecture. Their husbands or fathers were then summoned to convince the women to obey the police. This followed an earlier campaign in the 1572:, or awakening, and sparked a period of heightened religiosity that began to be reflected in the dress code. The uniform adopted by the young female pioneers of this movement was named al-Islāmī (Islamic dress) and was made up of an "al-jilbāb—an unfitted, long-sleeved, ankle-length gown in austere solid colors and thick opaque fabric—and al-khimār, a head cover resembling a nun's 1832:

became also illegal in Austria. This ban also includes scarves, masks and clown paint that cover faces to avoid discriminating against Muslim dress. In 2016, Bosnia-Herzegovina's supervising judicial authority upheld a ban on wearing Islamic headscarves in courts and legal institutions, despite protests from the Muslim community that constitutes 40% of the country. In 2017, the

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more easily identifiable as Muslims, but because they are seen to represent a threat to the local moral order that the attackers are seeking to defend. Some women stop wearing the hijab out of fear or following perceived pressure from their acquaintances, but many refuse to stop wearing it out of religious conviction, even when they are urged to do so for self-protection.

1614:, the discussion and discourse on the hijab in Western nations intensified as Islamic traditions and theology came under greater scrutiny. According to the Harvard University Pluralism Project: "Some Muslim women cover their head only during prayer in the mosque; other Muslim women wear the hijab; still others may cover their head with a turban or a loosely draped scarf." 1828:, the niqāb has been banned since 2006. On 13 July 2010, France's lower house of parliament overwhelmingly approved a bill that would ban wearing the Islamic full veil in public. It became the first European country to ban the full-face veil in public places, followed by Belgium, Latvia, Bulgaria, Austria, Denmark and some cantons of Switzerland in the following years. 1629: 1810: 2032:

differences between Muslim women who wore traditional Islamic clothing and those who did not. However, covert discrimination was noted towards Muslim who wore the hijab, and as a result were dealt with in a hostile and rude manner. While observing hiring practices among 4,000 employers in the U.S., experimenters found that employers who self-identified as

179:. In some regions, the hijab is mandated by law, while in others, its use is subject to restrictions or bans in both Europe and some Muslim countries. Additionally, women face informal pressure regarding their choice to wear or not wear the hijab. Discrimination against Muslims often affects women more due to the hijab making them more visible, leading to 862:(a face covering worn by some Muslim women). In nearly all Muslim cultures, young girls are not required to wear a hijab. Some scholars argue that beyond the body of a woman, her voice is also a part of her "awrah" and should not be heard by men outside her immediate family. They cite some hadiths citing women's voices as a source of temptation and 1538: 1534: 1536: 1727:

schoolgirls' lack of hijabs was reportedly a factor, leading to 15 deaths. In 2018, Crown Prince Mohammad bin Salman stated that women must wear 'decent, respectful clothing,' and that women are free to decide what form it should take, though the hijab remains mandatory in Mecca and Medina which hosts the holiest sites in Islam.

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Pakistan, where more men favoured conservative women's dress. However, women more strongly support women's right to choose how to dress. People with university education are less conservative in their choice than those without one, and more supportive of women's right to decide their dress style, except in Saudi Arabia.

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dress they considered to be most appropriate in public. The survey found that the headscarf (in its tightly- or loosely-fitting form) was chosen by the majority of respondents in Egypt, Iraq, Tunisia and Turkey. The response rate for people of Turkey was just about 60%. In Saudi Arabia, 63% gave preference to the

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Hijab-wearing Muslim women not only experience discrimination whilst in their job environment; they also experience discrimination in their attempts to get a job. An experimental study conducted on potential hiring discrimination among Muslims found that in terms of overt discrimination there were no

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Belgium banned the full-face veil in 2011 in places like parks and on the streets. In September 2013, the electors of the Swiss canton of Ticino voted in favour of a ban on face veils in public areas. In 2016, Latvia and Bulgaria banned the burqa in public places. In October 2017, wearing a face veil

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had a ban on headscarves at universities until recently. In 2008, the Turkish government attempted to lift a ban on Muslim headscarves at universities, but were overturned by the country's Constitutional Court. In December 2010, however, the Turkish government ended the headscarf ban in universities,

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The late-twentieth century saw a resurgence of the hijab in Egypt after a long period of decline as a result of westernization. Already in the mid-1970s some college aged Muslim men and women began a movement meant to reunite and rededicate themselves to the Islamic faith. This movement was named the

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Because Islam identified with the monotheistic religions of the conquered empires, the practice was adopted as an appropriate expression of Qur'anic ideals regarding modesty and piety. Veiling gradually spread to upper-class Arab women, and eventually it became widespread among Muslim women in cities

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The styles and practices of hijab vary widely across the world. An opinion poll conducted in 2014 by The University of Michigan's Institute for Social Research asked residents of seven Muslim-majority countries (Egypt, Iraq, Lebanon, Tunisia, Turkey, Pakistan, and Saudi Arabia) which style of women's

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argues that all Islamic moderates agree that, in all cases, the decision whether to wear the hijab should be a woman's autonomous decision and that her choice must be respected because the moderate pro-choice position is based on the Quranic teachings that there ought to be no compulsion in religion.

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and Leila Ahmed, the requirements of the hijab were initially intended solely for Muhammad's wives, serving to preserve their sanctity. This was because Muhammad conducted religious and civic matters in the mosque next to his home. Leila Ahmed further explains that Muhammad aimed at fostering a sense

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A study by Ali et al. (2015) found a relationship between the discrimination Muslims face at work and their job satisfaction. In other words, the discrimination hijab-wearing Muslim women face at work is associated with their overall feeling of contentment of their jobs, especially compared to other

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ruled that companies were allowed to bar employees from wearing visible religious symbols, including the hijab. However, if the company has no policy regarding the wearing of clothes that demonstrate religious and political ideas, a customer cannot ask employees to remove the clothing item. In 2018,

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organization that they wanted to enforce the wearing of the hijab, to which Nasser responded, "Sir, I know you have a daughter in college, and she doesn't wear a headscarf or anything! Why don't you make her wear the headscarf? So you can't make one girl, your own daughter, wear it, and yet you want

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Intermixing of populations resulted in a convergence of the cultural practices of Greek, Persian, and Mesopotamian empires and the Semitic peoples of the Middle East. Veiling and seclusion of women appear to have established themselves among Jews and Christians before spreading to urban Arabs of the

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as separation can be classified into three types: as visual barrier, physical barrier, and ethical barrier. A visual barrier (for example, between Muhammad's family and the surrounding community) serves to hide from sight something, which places emphasis on a symbolic boundary. A physical barrier is

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in the Qur'an refers not to women's clothing, but rather a spatial partition or curtain. Sometimes its use is literal, as in the verse which refers to the screen that separated Muhammad's wives from the visitors to his house (33:53), while in other cases the word denotes separation between deity and

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post-9/11. Hijab-wearing Muslim women face both overt and covert discrimination in job applications and workplace environments, with covert bias often resulting in more hostile treatment. Perceived discrimination can harm well-being, but may also be overcome by religious pride and community; studies

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women, the hijab comes in various forms. Often, it specifically describes a scarf that is wrapped around the head, covering the hair, neck, and ears while leaving the face visible. The use of the hijab has grown globally since the 1970s, with many Muslims viewing it as a symbol of modesty and faith;

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The discrimination hijab-wearing Muslim women face goes beyond affecting their work experience; it also interferes with their decision to uphold religious obligations. As a result, hijab-wearing Muslim women in the United States have worries regarding their ability to follow their religion, because

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Soon this movement expanded outside of the youth realm and became a more widespread Muslim practice. Women viewed this way of dress as a way to both publicly announce their religious beliefs as well as a way to simultaneously reject western influences of dress and culture that were prevalent at the

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According to Leila Ahmed, the rigid norms pertaining to veiling and seclusion of women found in Christian Byzantine literature had been influenced by ancient Persian traditions, and there is evidence to suggest that they differed significantly from actual practice. Leila Ahmed argues that "Whatever

1321:). Modesty became an important rabbinic virtue in the early Roman period, and it may have been intended to distinguish Jewish women from their non-Jewish counterparts in Babylonian and later in Greco-Roman society. According to rabbinical precepts, married Jewish women have to cover their hair (cf. 1282:

Veiling did not originate with the advent of Islam. Statuettes depicting veiled priestesses date back as far as 2500 BC. Elite women in ancient Mesopotamia and in the Byzantine, Greek, and Persian empires wore the veil as a sign of respectability and high status. In ancient Mesopotamia, Assyria had

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robe and the headscarf, received about a third of the votes each; while in Lebanon half of the respondents in the sample (which included Christians and Druze) opted for no head covering at all. The survey found "no significant difference" in the preferences between surveyed men and women, except in

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argues that head covering in Islam should not be seen as mandatory since it existed before the revelation of the Qur’an. It was introduced to Arabia through Arab interactions with Syria and Iran, where the hijab represented social status. Women who did not work in fields could afford to be secluded

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Therefore, it can be noted that the ideology of religion, attitude, and social context of the translators, as well as the involvement of the state, might affect the translation of the Holy Qur’an into various target languages. Gunawan, F. (2022). The ideology of translators in Quranic translation:

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In recent years, women wearing the hijab have been subjected to verbal and physical attacks worldwide, particularly following terrorist attacks. Louis A. Cainkar writes that the data suggest that women in hijab rather than men are the predominant target of anti-Muslim attacks, not because they are

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Strict seclusion and the veiling of matrons were also customary in ancient Greece. Between 550 and 323 BCE, prior to Christianity, respectable women in classical Greek society were expected to seclude themselves and wear clothing that concealed them from the eyes of strange men. Roman pagan custom

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According to some hadiths from Bukhari, Abu Dawud and Nasai, during the time of Prophet, male and female Muslims were performing ablution from the same water bowl. “We used to perform ablution collectively, men and women, by lowering and dipping our hands into the same bowl.” indicating that women

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Bergenfeld, Irina; Clark, Cari Jo; Sandhu, Seema; Yount, Kathryn M.; Essaid, Aida A.; Sajdi, Jude; Abu Taleb, Rand; Robbin, Zoe; Batayeh, Brian; Zwooqar, Ahad; Spencer, Rachael A. (2022). ""There Is Always an Excuse to Blame the Girl": Perspectives on Sexual Harassment at a Jordanian University".

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In Shia jurisprudence, by consensus, it is obligatory for women to cover their hair, and the entire body except her hands and face, while in the presence of people of the opposite sex other than close family members. The major and most important Shia hadith collections such as Nahj Al-Balagha and

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went to the women of Ansar and recited to them the words Allah had revealed. Each man recited to his wife, his daughter, his sister and other female relatives. Each woman among them got up, took her decorated wrapper and wrapped herself up in it out of faith and belief in what Allah had revealed.

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that covers the hair low to the forehead, comes under the chin to conceal the neck, and falls down over the chest and back". In addition to the basic garments that were mostly universal within the movement, additional measures of modesty could be taken depending on how conservative the followers

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of those empires. Reza Aslan argues that "The veil was neither compulsory nor widely adopted until generations after Muhammad's death, when a large body of male scriptural and legal scholars began using their religious and political authority to regain the dominance they had lost in society as a

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does not distinguish between veiling and seclusion, and can mean either "veil" or "curtain". The only verses in the Qur'an that specifically reference women's clothing are those promoting modesty, instructing women to guard their private parts and draw their scarves over their breast area in the

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There is variation in interpretations regarding the extent of covering required. Some legal systems accept the hijab as an order to cover everything except the face and hands, whilst others accept it as an order to cover the whole body, including the face and hands. These guidelines are found in

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transitioned from banning veils in 1936 to mandating Islamic dress for women following the 1979 Islamic Revolution. By 1980, veiling was required in government and educational settings, with the 1983 penal code imposing 74 lashes for not adhering to the hijab, though the exact requirements were

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detailing which women must veil and which women must not, depending upon the woman's class, rank, and occupation in society. Female slaves and prostitutes were forbidden to veil and faced harsh penalties if they did so. Veiling was thus not only a marker of aristocratic rank, but also served to

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St. John Chrysostom thought that Paul, in admonishing women to wear a covering "because of the angels," meant it "not at the time of prayer only, but also continually, she ought to be covered." Fr. Rhodes agrees: "The veil can be the constant symbol of the true woman of God … a way of life … a

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discrimination experiences as subtle and indirect interactions. The same study also reports differences among South Asian Muslim women who wear the hijab, and those who do not. For non-hijabis, they reported to have experienced more perceived discrimination when they were around other Muslims.

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attested in their writings that Christian women should wear a headcovering, while men should pray with their heads uncovered. There is archaeological evidence demonstrating that headcovering was observed as an ordinance by women in early Christianity, and the practice of Christian headcovering

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questioned cited common explanation. Hayyan believed that "believing women" referred to both free women and slaves as the latter are bound to more easily entice lust and their exclusion is not clearly indicated. Hazm too believed that it covered Muslim slaves as it would violate the law of not

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A team of psychologists in Belgium have investigated, in two studies of 166 and 147 participants, whether the Belgians' discomfort with the Islamic hijab, and the support of its ban from the country's public sphere, is motivated by the defence of the values of autonomy and universalism (which

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stopped female students wearing the hijab from entering the campus, following which the state government issued a circular banning 'religious clothes' in educational institutions where uniforms are prescribed. On 15 March 2022, the Karnataka High Court, in a verdict, upheld the hijab ban in

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Available evidence suggests that veiling was not introduced into Arabia by Muhammad, but already existed there, particularly in the towns, although it was probably not as widespread as in the neighbouring countries such as Syria and Palestine. Similarly to the practice among Greeks, Romans

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Perceived discrimination is detrimental to well-being, both mentally and physically. However, perceived discrimination may also be related to more positive well-being for the individual. A study in New Zealand concluded that while Muslim women who wore the headscarf did in fact experience

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Discrimination levels differ depending on geographical location; for example, South Asian Muslims in the United Arab Emirates do not perceive as much discrimination as their South Asian counterparts in the U.S. Although, South Asian Muslim women in both locations are similar in describing

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formally required women to cover their hair and wear a full-body garment, though enforcement varies. Saudi women typically wear the abaya, while foreigners may choose long coats. Regulations are enforced by religious police, which once faced criticism for their role in a fire rescue where

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or “veil” refers to a piece of cloth that was popularly used to cover the head in ancient Arabia. While the term "hijab" was originally anything that was used to conceal, it became used to refer to concealing garments worn by women outside the house, specifically the headscarf or khimar.

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took advantage of its power granted by Title VII and made a case for a young hijabi female who applied for a job, but was rejected due to her wearing a headscarf which violated Abercrombie & Fitch's pre-existing and longstanding policy against head coverings and all black garments.

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unclear. This led to public tensions and vigilante actions regarding proper hijab. Subsequent regulations in 1984 and 1988 clarified dress-code standards, and the current penal code prescribes fines or prison terms for failing to observe hijab, without detailing its specific form.

1211:. Women's resistance in Iran is gaining traction as an increasing number of women challenge the mandatory wearing of the hijab. Smith (2017) addressed the progress that Iranian women have made in her article, "Iran surprises by realizing Islamic dress code for women," published by 592:, the verse instead commands women to "snap their belts around their waists." The belt was a sign of chastity. According to him, the meanings of the words in the relevant part of the verse are as follows:خِمار Khimar; cummerbund, جيب jyb; sinus, sac, وَلْيَضْرِبْنَ;"let them hit" 2080:

by Pakistani-American Nazma Khan in 2013, takes place on 1 February each year in 140 countries worldwide. Its stated purpose is to encourage women of all religions and backgrounds to wear and experience the hijab for a day and to educate and spread awareness on why hijab is worn.

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for children up to ten years of age. The ban was motivated by the equality between men and women and improving social integration with respect to local customs. Parents who send their child to school with a headscarf will be fined 440 euro. The ban was overturned in 2020 by the

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had vowed to rein in the morality police and their presence on the streets has decreased since he took office, but the powerful conservative forces in the country have resisted his efforts, and the dress codes are still being enforced, especially during the summer months. After

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in Turkey, which has been adopted by a growing number of educated urban women since the 1980s. As of the mid-2000s, over 60% of Turkish women covered their head outside home. However the majority of those wear a traditional, non-Islamic head covering and only 11% wore a

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Meanwhile, in a Pew Research Center poll from 2011, most Muslim American women also reported wearing hijab, 36% indicating they wore hijab whenever they were in public, with an additional 24% saying they wore it most or some of the time; 40% said they never wore hijab.

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Yahya related to me from Malik from Muhammad ibn Zayd ibn Qunfudh that his mother asked Umm Salama, the wife of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, "What clothes can a woman wear in prayer?" She said, "She can pray in the khimār and the diri' (Arabic:

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it might mean they are rejected employment. Ali, Yamada, and Mahmoud (2015) state that women of color who also follow the religion of Islam are considered to be in what is called "triple jeopardy", due to being a part of two minority groups subject to discrimination.

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as President of Uzbekistan in December 2016, Muslims were given the opportunity to openly express their religious identity, which manifested itself in the wider spread of hijabs in Uzbekistan. In July 2021, the state allowed the wearing of the hijab in public places.

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and veiled. Among her arguments is that while some Qur'anic verses enjoin women in general to "draw their Jilbabs (overgarment or cloak) around them to be recognized as believers and so that no harm will come to them" and "guard their private parts ... and drape down

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in reply to his brother makes reference to female hijab requirements during the salat (prayer), stating "She covers her body and head with it then prays. And if her feet protrude from beneath, and she doesn't have the means to prevent that, there is no harm".

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Some governments encourage and even oblige women to wear the hijab, while others have banned it in at least some public settings. In many parts of the world women also experience informal pressure for or against wearing the hijab, including physical attacks.

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In Turkey the hijab was formerly banned in private and state universities and schools. The ban applied not to the scarf wrapped around the neck, traditionally worn by Anatolian villager women, but to the head covering pinned neatly at the sides, called

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in 2001, threatening to punish women who do not adhere to their vision of Islamic dress. Women of Kashmir, most of whom are not fully veiled, defied the warning, and the attacks were condemned by prominent militant and separatist groups of the region.

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clerics, to whom appearing in public without their cover was tantamount to nakedness. Some women refused to leave the house out of fear of being assaulted by Reza Shah's police. In 1941, the compulsory element in the policy of unveiling was abandoned.

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The hijab is also a common cultural practice for Muslims in the West. For example, in a 2016 Environics poll, a large majority (73%) of Canadian Muslim women reported wearing some sort of head-covering in public (58% wear the hijab, 13% wear the

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Some fashion-conscious women have been turning to non-traditional forms of hijab such as turbans. While some regard turbans as a proper head cover, others argue that it cannot be considered a proper Islamic veil if it leaves the neck exposed.

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A number of hijab-wearing women who were interviewed expressed that perceived discrimination also poses a problem for them. To be specific, Muslim women shared that they chose not to wear the headscarf out of fear of future discrimination.

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and a symbolic rejection of Western culture and norms. Today the hijab means many different things for different people. For Islamic women who choose to wear the hijab it allows them to retain their modesty, morals and freedom of choice.

745:, the daughter of Zam`a went out and she was a tall woman. `Umar bin Al-Khattab saw her while he was in a gathering, and said, "I have recognized you, O Sauda!" He said so as he was anxious for some Divine orders regarding the veil. So 1738:, the wearing of the hijab is mandated for women. The requirement extends to covering not only their heads but also their faces, as it was believed that doing so would prevent any perceived impropriety and maintain modesty in society. 6571: 6420:

Islamic clothing in Saudi Arabia is compulsory, but the crown prince has claimed this does not have to the case so long as women maintain a modest appearance in public. Saudi Arabia requires women to wear the black robe and hijab by

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The Arabic word hijab (Arabic: حجاب) is the verbal noun originating from the verb ﺣَﺠَﺐَ (hajaba), from the triliteral root ح ج ب (H-J-B), which forms a large class of words mostly relating to concepts of hide, conceal, block.

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There are occasional misinterpretations, mistranslations, and even distortions. Translating the meanings of the Holy Quran has always been challenging for translators, as the Quran has an exoteric and an esoteric meaning.

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would no longer be applicable if it is argued by scholars (even if it is argued by only one scholar). Notable examples of traditionalist Muslim scholars who accept these contemporary views include the Indonesian scholar

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considered that excessive covering would make it impossible for a woman to be recognised which the verse mentions, though both Qurtubi and Tabari agree that the word recognition is about distinguishing free women.

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About seven verses address the way a woman should dress when walking in public; Muslim scholars have differed as how to understand these verses, with some stating that a hijab is required and others saying not.

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Those who show sensitivity to close these places at times other than ablution are respected, but those who do not do this are not despised Prof. Dr. Yaşar Nuri Öztürk - Islam in the Quran – P. Number: 615-616

4535: 172:) about hijab, while others interpret them differently and argue that its not mandated. Reformist groups claim that veiling is a recommendation rooted in historical context rather than an absolute mandate. 6611: 122:'s main house from his wives' lodgings. This has led some to claim that the mandate of the Qur'an applied only to the wives of Muhammad and not to all women. Another interpretation can also refer to the 1894:

educational institutions where uniforms are prescribed, arguing that the practice is non-essential in Islam. The hijab ban was condemned inside India and abroad by officials in countries including the

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suggests that Muslim women started to wear the hijab to emulate Muhammad's wives, who are revered as "Mothers of the Believers" in Islam, and states "there was no tradition of veiling until around 627

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could perform ablution in the presence of men. In this case, the arms up to the elbows, feet, face and the part of the head that are essential for ablution and wiping can be considered as free zones.

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it is also worn as a form of adornment. There is consensus among Islamic religious scholars that covering the head is either required or preferred. In practice, most Muslim women choose to wear it.

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Many scholars argue that these contemporary views and arguments, however, contradict the hadith sources, the classical scholars, exegesis sources, historical consensus, and interpretations of the

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maintained that women do not have to wear a full-body cover. He stated that women can choose any kind of attire they like so long as it covers them properly and they have a hijab. His successor,

3426: 8224:(Stanford University Press; 2014) Media debates on stigmatizing Muslim women and how Muslim women respond to these critics for the country cases of Germany, Turkey, the Netherlands and France. 7449: 6871: 1824:

banning "symbols or clothes through which students conspicuously display their religious affiliation" in public primary schools, middle schools, and secondary schools. In the Belgian city of

936:

According to Hanafis and other scholars, these requirements extend to being around non-Muslim women as well, for fear that they may describe her physical features to unrelated men. The Sunni

6579: 5979: 7836:

Ali, S., Yamada, T., & Mahmood, A. (2015). Relationships of the practice of Hijab, workplace discrimination, social class, job stress, and job satisfaction among Muslim American women.

1821: 7124:

Saroglou, Vassilis; Lamkaddem, Bahija; Van Pachterbeke, Matthieu; Buxant, Coralie (2009). "Host society's dislike of the Islamic veil: The role of subtle prejudice, values, and religion".

1194:

In Iran, where wearing the hijab is legally required, many women push the boundaries of the state-mandated dress code, risking a fine or a spell in detention. The former Iranian president

611:

According to the narrations and the most well-known explanation of the verse, the verse was an expression directed towards free and Muslim women, not slaves or non-Muslim women, for which

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the cultural source or sources, a fierce misogyny was a distinct ingredient of Mediterranean and eventually Christian thought in the centuries immediately preceding the rise of Islam."

6784: 4968: 4060: 3768: 4025: 6637: 3711:"6. The Veil: Between Tradition and Reason, Culture and Context; 7. An Exploration of the Debates Pertaining to Head Covering and Face Veiling of Women in the British Muslim Context" 2237:

over the centuries. Studies involving understanding, interpreting and translating the Quran can contain individual tendencies, reflections and even distortions caused by the region,

1577:

wished to be. Some women choose to also utilize a face covering (al-niqāb) that leaves only eye slits for sight, as well as both gloves and socks in order to reveal no visible skin.

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Controversy erupted over the practice. Many people, both men and women from backgrounds of both Islamic and non-Islamic faith questioned the hijab and what it stood for in terms of

607:

O Prophet! Ask your wives, daughters, and believing women to draw their cloaks over their bodies. In this way it is more likely that they will be recognized and not be harassed.....

6746: 6690: 8180:(Oxford University Press; 2012); 265 pages; Criticizes policies that serve to exclude pious Muslim women from the public sphere in Turkey, France, Germany, and the United States. 7367: 7170: 4751: 7064: 222:

which translates to “veil” in English, coverings worn by women in Arabia at the advent of Islam mostly to protect against the hot sun and desert by some, is a headcovering and

1054:('taking the veil') was used synonymously and interchangeably with ‘becoming Prophet Muhammad's wife’ and that during Muhammad's life no other Muslim woman wore the hijab. 950:

It is recommended that women wear clothing that is not form fitting to the body, such as modest forms of Western clothing (long shirts and skirts), or the more traditional

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Malikov A. and Djuraeva D. 2021. Women, Islam, and politics in Samarkand (1991–2021), International Journal of Modern Anthropology. 2 (16): 563. DOI: 10.4314/ijma.v2i16.2

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The enforcement of the dress code in Iran has fluctuated between strict and relaxed over the years, leading to ongoing debate between conservatives and reformists like

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in 2001, although that no local regulations should conflict with Indonesian national laws, in a deal aiming to put an end to the separatist movement in the province.

1453:

The practice of veiling was borrowed from the elites of the Byzantine and Persian empires, where it was a symbol of respectability and high social status, during the

947:

Men must cover from their belly buttons to their knees, though the schools differ on whether this includes covering the navel and knees or only what is between them.

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As the awakening movement gained momentum, its goals matured and shifted from promoting modesty towards more of a political stance in terms of retaining support for

4531: 2008:

The issue of discrimination against Muslims affects Muslim women more due to the hijab making them more identifiable compared to Muslim men. Particularly after the

7857: 6601: 3155: 1794: 4920: 4653: 4168: 3021: 4501: 5050: 4676: 3142: 1005:

Traditional scholars had differences of opinion on covering the hands and face. The majority adopted the opinion that the face and hands are not part of their

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Hsu, Shiu-Sian. "Modesty." Encyclopaedia of the Qur'an. Ed. Jane McAuliffe. Vol. 3. Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill Academic Publishers, 2003. 403-405. 6 vols.

3184: 1002:), rules on dress relax. However, in the presence of the husband, most scholars stress the importance of mutual freedom and pleasure of the husband and wife. 7722: 3860: 6996: 4626: 3543: 2991: 1203:

became president, he started imposing hijab laws strictly, announcing use of facial recognition in public transport to enforce hijab law. An Iranian woman,

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of privacy and protecting the intimate space of his wives from the constant presence of the bustling community at their doorstep. They argue that the term

6351: 4082: 2220:

The term hijab is used in the Qur'an in the sense of "a curtain" or "partition"; verses that use the term (eg. 7:46, 33:53) are not related to dress code.

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that Islamic dress was "really dangerous". Under previous laws, women wearing hijabs are already banned from entering the country's government offices.

741:"Let your wives be veiled" But he did not do so. The wives of the Prophet used to go out to answer the call of nature at night only at Al-Manasi.' Once 3338:

Persevere in Adversity: Perceived Religious Discrimination and Islamic Identity as Predictors of Psychological Wellbeing in Muslim Women in New Zealand

1934: 7441: 7254: 5632: 5141: 3847: 3064: 1785:

In June 2024, Tajikistan's parliament passed a bill banning "foreign clothing" and religious celebrations for children during the Islamic holidays of

1315:

It is not clear whether the Hebrew Bible contains prescriptions with regard to veiling, but rabbinic literature presents it as a question of modesty (

778: 2443: 1964:

has no official ban on wearing the hijab, but those who wear it have reported that authorities use a number of tactics to discriminate against them.

6863: 5975: 1115:

In 2012, Egyptian scholar Shaykh Mustapha Mohamed Rashed of Al Azhar University argued in his Ph.D. dissertation that hijab is not an Islamic duty.

6497: 5725: 5072:

Kahf, Mohja (2008). "From Her Royal Body the Robe Was Removed: The Blessings of the Veil and the Trauma of Forced Unveilings in the Middle East".

2946: 929:

for free women to cover their hair, and the entire body except her face and hands, while in the presence of people of the opposite sex other than

652:

molesting a slave or fornication with her like that with a free woman. He stated that anything not attributed to Muhammad should be disregarded.

6940: 6320: 7308: 4781: 3595: 1599:. There was questioning of whether in practice the hijab was truly a female choice or if women were being coerced or pressured into wearing it. 1327:). The surviving representations of veiled Jewish women may reflect general Roman customs rather than particular Jewish practices. According to 770:

Although these narrations implies to black clothing, other narrations indicate wives of the prophet also wore other colors like yellow or rose.

10333: 4461:

INTERPRETATION OF THE VERSES OF HIJAB (Comparative Study of Quraish Shihab, Wahbab Al-Zuhaili And Buya Hamka's Thinking of The Verses of Hijab)

3995: 575: 6776: 4960: 1763:. In some cases the police arrested women who wore the veil and would forcibly remove it. These policies had popular support but outraged the 7413: 4225: 4056: 3764: 5956: 4021: 1231: 10606: 6633: 5684: 4289:

Rispler-Chaim, Vardit. ‘The siwāk: A Medieval Islamic Contribution to Dental Care’. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society 2.1 (1992): 13-20.

3045: 7942:

Harrison, A. K. (2016). Hiding under the veil of “dress policy”: Muslim women, hijab, and employment discrimination in the United States.

6399: 3738: 693:

used to create a space that provides comfort and privacy for individuals, such as elite women. An ethical barrier, such as the expression

452: 10678: 10349: 10243: 8250: 7795:

Reeves, T., Mckinney, A., & Azam, L. (2012). Muslim women's workplace experiences: Implications for strategic diversity initiatives.

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Ghumman, S., & Jackson, L. (2010). The downside of religious attire: the Muslim headscarf and expectations of obtaining employment.

5897: 3569: 10313: 7162: 4897: 4735: 2039:

One instance that some view as hijab discrimination in the workplace that gained public attention and made it to the Supreme Court was

7818: 7056: 4116: 2552: 781:. This hadith is often translated as "...and covered their heads and faces with the cut pieces of cloth," Some commentators, such as 10455: 10343: 5810: 2140: 6095: 3055: 52:) generally refers to variety of head coverings conventionally worn by many Muslim women as an expression of faith. Similar to the 1782:, women were banned from wearing the hijab in state offices in 1981; in the 1980s and 1990s, more restrictions were put in place. 422: 10303: 7681:

Ali, Saba Rasheed; Liu, William Ming; Humedian, Majeda (2004). "Islam 101: Understanding the Religion and Therapy Implications".

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PENAFSIRAN AYAT-AYAT HIJAB (Studi Komparatif atas Pemikiran Quraish Shihab, Wahbah Al-Zuhaili Dan Buya Hamka Terhadap Ayat Hijab)

2046: 6437: 3071: 2707: 2058:

discrimination, these negative experiences were overcome by much higher feelings of religious pride, belonging, and centrality.

7964:

Pasha-Zaidi, N. (2015). Judging by appearances: Perceived discrimination among South Asian Muslim women in the US and the UAE.

7475: 6832: 5836: 3122: 2343: 6523: 2369: 2294: 2077: 10638: 10293: 8202: 8167: 8145: 8112: 8069: 7659: 5555: 5470: 5410: 5292: 4142: 3722: 2536: 2404: 2353: 2316: 1918: 1632:

Map showing prevalence of hijab wearing across the world and indicating countries where there are restrictions on wearing it.

1103:). Some traditionalist Muslim scholars accept the contemporary views and arguments as those hadith sources are not sahih and 589: 7341: 6545: 4990: 4866: 3083: 1465:

By the 19th century, upper-class urban Muslim and Christian women in Egypt wore a garment which included a head cover and a

10271: 6966: 6894: 6810: 6724: 6660: 6057: 6030: 5861: 4839: 4812: 3791: 3292:

Ahmad, A. S., King, E. B.(2010). An experimental field study of interpersonal discrimination toward Muslim job applicants.

3112: 1759:'s government in 1936, as the hijab was considered to be incompatible with modernization and he ordered "unveiling" act or 1423:

upper classes and eventually among the urban masses. In the rural areas it was common to cover the hair, but not the face.

176: 7861: 7592: 3365: 3143:

Teachers%20in%20Geneva%20are%20already%20banned%20from%20wearing%20visible%20religious, in%20contact%20with%20the%20public

3073: 10633: 6302: 5047:"Muslim Americans: No Signs of Growth in Alienation or Support for Extremism; Section 2: Religious Beliefs and Practices" 2135: 432: 8009: 4269: 2526: 10413: 8216: 6265: 4938: 4326: 3981: 774: 568: 457: 4649: 4493: 4474: 4164: 3661: 3013: 10498: 10318: 8893: 8088: 7544: 6222: 6195: 6139: 6067: 6040: 5771: 5593: 5507: 5264: 4421: 4387: 4353: 4312: 3686: 3240: 2835: 2778: 2678: 2496: 2326: 856:

Muslim scholars usually require women to cover everything but their hands and face in public, but do not require the

7758:

Cole, Darnell; Ahmadi, Shafiqa (2003). "Perspectives and Experiences of Muslim Women Who Veil on College Campuses".

6285: 5046: 3139: 2927: 1665:

in June 2007, Hamas sought to enforce Islamic law, imposing the hijab on women at courts, institutions and schools.

1436:(Byzantines), Jews, and Assyrians, its use was associated with high social status. In the early Islamic texts, term 7838: 6159: 3521: 3176: 2033: 1529:-era hijab ban, and the founding of new fashion companies catering to women who want to dress more conservatively. 254: 8236: 7719: 10693: 10460: 10367: 10236: 9453: 6988: 4618: 3152: 2983: 1921:

reported that the move to ban hijab has widened the social divide and increased fear among Muslims in Karnataka.

1798: 462: 168:

developed after the revelation of the Qur'an. Some state that these guidelines are aligned with Qur'anic verses (

5021: 4411: 4377: 10601: 10374: 8277: 8188: 3801: 2150: 437: 7619: 5707: 5658: 3389:

Lane, Edward William (1863), “ح ج ب”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, pages 515–516

2597: 1357::4–7, which states that "every woman who prays or prophesies with her head uncovered dishonors her head". The 134:

dimension may refer to "the veil which separates man, or the world, from God". The Qur'an never uses the word

5785: 4443:

El Fadl, Khaled Abou (2005), The Great Theft: Wresting Islam From the Extremists, Harper San Francisco, p.274

1861: 1228:. The ban was lifted from universities in 2008, from government buildings in 2013, and from schools in 2014. 941: 648: 561: 6572:"Hijab ban: Tajikistan parliament approves bill prohibiting alien garments and Eid celebrations by children" 5708:"25 photos show what Iran looked like before the 1979 revolution turned the nation into an Islamic republic" 3312:

Pascoe, E. A., & Smart Richman, L. (2009). Perceived discrimination and health: a meta-analytic review.

1551:) laughing at the Muslim Brotherhood for suggesting in 1953 that women should be required to wear the hijab. 5624: 5134: 4343: 3130: 3096: 1933:, the capital of the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir, a previously unknown militant group calling itself 971:

Kitab Al-Kafi for the most part do not give any details about hijab requirements. However a quotation from

893: 493: 6377: 3882: 3625: 3427:"Opinion: As Muslim women, we actually ask you not to wear the hijab in the name of interfaith solidarity" 2268: 10323: 10308: 10266: 2155: 1880: 1395: 1207:, died in custody of 'morality police' after they arrested her on new stricter hijab laws, which led to 10654: 10549: 10328: 10229: 9263: 8582: 7982: 6489: 4222:"The Awrah of Men According to Imams Shafi, Ahmad and Malik (A.R). – Darul Uloom Trinidad & Tobago" 3599: 3478: 3100: 1856: 1505:

Western clothing largely dominated fashion in Muslim countries in the 1960s and 1970s. For example, in

1391: 809: 667:(a shawl or a wrapper that covers the upper body). He also reports a minority view which considers the 6932: 4463:] (undergraduate thesis) (in Indonesian). Universitas Islam Negeri Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember. 10683: 10579: 9401: 8996: 4773: 3459: 2145: 2036:

tended to avoid making interviews with candidates who appeared Muslim on their social network pages.

1868: 1833: 1596: 987: 972: 639:

prohibited female slaves from resembling free women by covering their hair. Some later scholars like

417: 180: 7929: 7695: 7138: 5430: 1705:, stated that the hijab does not hinder participation in social, political, or academic activities. 1143:

Wearing or not wearing a hijab can also be an act of protest. In August 2014 a mother of one of the

10543: 1675: 1274: 4221: 2627:"Wearing niqab by Muslim women is a divine order, religious freedom and a superior Muslim culture" 1994:

in 2016, the government sponsored street banners aiming to dissuade women from wearing the hijab.

1526: 10433: 9825: 8194: 6747:"A European government has banned Islamic face veils despite them being worn by just three women" 5960: 5241: 5222: 5195: 1713: 1006: 631:, so other men know they are free women and not slaves or prostitutes, so they are not harassed. 483: 65: 6463: 6352:"Rebel Saudi women appear in public without hijab, abaya; onlookers stunned | New Straits Times" 6113: 5680: 3043: 10357: 9830: 9795: 9723: 9326: 8602: 7690: 7133: 4494:"Female Muslim Dress Survey Reveals Wide Range Of Preferences On Hijab, Burqa, Niqab, And More" 2652: 2193: 1889:

anytime, anywhere. However, in January 2022, a number of colleges in the South Indian state of

1845: 1513:

dresses, flared trousers, and went out in public without the hijab. This changed following the

1454: 1383: 1362: 1346: 1144: 697:

in reference to Muhammad's wives and the Muslim men who visit them, makes something forbidden.

684:

mortals (42:51), wrongdoers and righteous (7:46, 41:5), believers and unbelievers (17:45), and

412: 33: 10286: 7908: 7398: 7215: 6214:

Space, Culture, and the Youth in Iran: Observing Norm Creation Processes at the Artists' House

6185: 6129: 6015: 5581: 3710: 3676: 3230: 766:

They appeared behind the Messenger of Allah wrapped up, as if there were crows on their heads.

10403: 9773: 8932: 7916: 7534: 6212: 5901: 5462: 5456: 5402: 5396: 4318: 3573: 2825: 1662: 1584: 1514: 1366: 782: 742: 447: 242:, telling both men and women to dress and act modestly, with more detail on womens position. 4889: 10627: 10505: 10281: 9173: 8952: 8843: 8081:Ṣaḥīḥ Al-Bukhārī: The Translation of the Meanings of Sahih Al-Bukhari : Arabic-English 7813: 5499: 4112: 3085: 2770: 2478: 2009: 1611: 1387: 1358: 1208: 6400:"Coverings for women 'not mandatory', says Saudi crown prince ahead of US charm offensive" 3518:

Framing Hijab in the European Mind: Press Discourse, Social Categorization and Stereotypes

2318:

Framing Hijab in the European Mind: Press Discourse, Social Categorization and Stereotypes

866:(charmingness, attractiveness) and should be kept private and some verse interpretations. 147: 105: 8: 10445: 9958: 9316: 9066: 8805: 6090: 5180:

testimony of faith and of the salvation of God, not only before men, but angels as well."

4925: 3937: 3053: 1506: 1406: 1084: 616: 539: 138:

to refer to women's clothing, but passages discuss the attire of women using other terms

7812:

Hamdani, D. (March 2005). Triple jeopardy: Muslim women’s experience of discrimination.

6691:"Austria becomes latest European country to ban burqas — but adds clown face paint, too" 4532:"Q&A with author of U. Mich. study on preferred dress for women in Muslim countries" 3120: 3105: 10611: 10596: 10512: 10477: 10298: 9783: 9583: 9376: 9101: 8834: 8825: 8674: 8299: 8270: 7896: 7775: 7386: 3924: 3912: 2571:"Veiling and Unveiling: Attitudes and Experiences of University Students in the Punjab" 2448: 1983: 1907: 1560: 1556: 1518: 1399: 1378: 1370: 1100: 994:, Pakistani education activist and 2014 Nobel Peace Prize laureate, wears a head scarf. 962:, a scarf or cowl that covers all but the face, is also worn in many different styles. 7414:"'Very Frightening' to Enter Campus Alone: Muslim Students Recount Hijab Ban's Impact" 6239: 3108: 3103: 3098: 3088: 3069: 3067: 3062: 655:

What is said about the dimensions of the Jilbab in use varies; Qurtubi reports that a

635:

concurs with Tabari about this ayah being for those who are free. It is reported that

10688: 10484: 10362: 10252: 10083: 10073: 10008: 9933: 9805: 9788: 9493: 9443: 9416: 9239: 8198: 8163: 8141: 8108: 8102: 8084: 8065: 7904: 7900: 7779: 7540: 7515: 7326: 7272: 7223: 6433: 6218: 6191: 6135: 6109: 6063: 6036: 5719: 5589: 5551: 5503: 5487: 5466: 5406: 5288: 5260: 4930: 4743: 4417: 4383: 4349: 4322: 3797: 3718: 3682: 3236: 2831: 2774: 2532: 2492: 2400: 2349: 2322: 2229:

One of the biggest difficulties in understanding the Quran for those who do not know

1698: 1331:, at the inception of Christianity, Jewish women were veiling their heads and faces. 1293: 841:

of a woman who has reached the age of menstruation is not accepted without a khimār."

7471: 6458: 5166: 5135:"The Veiling of Women in Judaism, Christianity and Islam. A Guide to the Exhibition" 3962: 3149: 869: 427: 10561: 10537: 10418: 10276: 10124: 10078: 9860: 9855: 9553: 9276: 9197: 8965: 8927: 8746: 8734: 8475: 8440: 8427: 8393: 7888: 7767: 7700: 7655: 7507: 7418: 7147: 7143: 6519: 6131:

Creative Conformity: The Feminist Politics of U.S. Catholic and Iranian Shi'i Women

5937: 5495: 4022:"Can You Clarify the Standard Explanation of the Verse of Hijab? [Shafi'i]" 3357: 3349: 3133: 2947:"Can You Clarify the Standard Explanation of the Verse of Hijab? [Shafi'i]" 2766: 2632:. International Islamic Development Management Conference (IDMAC 2019). p. 621 2484: 1911: 1623: 1354: 1288:"differentiate between 'respectable' women and those who were publicly available". 1235: 1148: 1128: 991: 722: 403: 268: 57: 9678: 8031: 5547: 4138: 3614: 2708:"Why Iran won't budge on mandatory hijab laws — according to the president's wife" 1937:

claimed responsibility for a series of acid attacks on women who did not wear the

110:

was originally used to denote a partition or a curtain and was sometimes used for

10567: 10531: 10523: 10169: 10023: 9993: 9948: 9658: 9478: 9463: 9212: 8883: 8873: 8612: 8597: 8307: 8220: 8155: 8135: 8059: 7822: 7726: 7562:"'I'm Frightened': After Attacks in Paris, New York Muslims Cope With a Backlash" 7192: 6962: 6806: 6720: 6606: 6549: 6289: 6099: 5976:"Kimia Alizadeh Zenoorin Becomes The First Iranian Woman To Win An Olympic Medal" 4862: 3415:

Bucar, Elizabeth, The Islamic Veil. Oxford, England: Oneworld Publications, 2012.

3126: 3116: 3079: 3059: 3049: 2197: 2120: 2067: 1946: 1752: 1569: 1374: 1328: 1042: 549: 153: 61: 48: 24: 10033: 6664: 5022:"Muslim Canadians increasingly proud of and attached to Canada, survey suggests" 4835: 4804: 3649: 3232:

Homeland Insecurity: The Arab American and Muslim American Experience After 9/11

3158: 3110: 1837:

the Danish parliament passed a law banning the full-face veil in public places.

1489: 596: 10698: 10673: 10573: 10555: 10491: 10450: 10053: 9663: 9548: 9366: 9249: 9232: 8856: 8683: 8669: 8627: 7704: 6378:"Saudi Arabia has changed beyond recognition. But will tourists want to visit?" 3636: 3336: 2230: 2125: 2112: 1976: 1692: 1654: 1284: 1195: 1124: 1109: 975: 882: 324: 275: 265: 9758: 9286: 8351: 7511: 7057:"French police make woman remove clothing on Nice beach following burkini ban" 3353: 685: 10667: 10438: 10144: 10068: 9983: 9845: 9608: 9217: 8898: 8815: 8788: 8766: 8687: 8644: 8592: 8529: 8467: 8381: 8346: 8326: 8263: 8184: 8005: 7519: 7309:"Karnataka's hijab row: A fragile regime's latest assault on right to choice" 7227: 5941: 5928:

Bullock, Katherine (2000). "Challenging Medial Representations of the Veil".

4934: 4747: 4677:"Iranian authorities plan to use facial recognition to enforce new hijab law" 2238: 1895: 1760: 1493:

A model displaying a fashionable hijab at "Moslema In Style Fashion Show" in

1339: 1308: 1297: 1200: 1176: 762: 534: 442: 189: 127: 8213: 7368:"Nobel laureate Malala Yousafzai comments on hijab controversy in Karnataka" 7023:"Burkini ban: Armed police force woman to remove her clothing on Nice beach" 6933:"French 'Burkini' Bans Provoke Backlash as Armed Police Confront Beachgoers" 6187:

Women's Rights in the Middle East and North Africa: Progress Amid Resistance

4247: 1473:

cloth that covered the lower nose and the mouth). The name of this garment,

10621: 10428: 10408: 9880: 9865: 9778: 9733: 9708: 9513: 9508: 9468: 9430: 9391: 9346: 9311: 9227: 9185: 9140: 9135: 9118: 9081: 8707: 8622: 8587: 8557: 8519: 8376: 8336: 7979:"World Hijab Day - Better Awareness. Greater Understanding. Peaceful World" 7884: 7656:"Kyrgyzstan president: 'Women in mini skirts don't become suicide bombers'" 5744: 4709: 4705:"Iranian woman dies 'after being beaten by morality police' over hijab law" 4681: 2515:, dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/hijab. Accessed 6 Sept. 2023. 2098: 2071: 2013: 2003: 1723: 1702: 1603: 1494: 1323: 1014: 863: 786: 524: 498: 184: 131: 111: 9988: 7771: 7539:. Vol. Islam, Crime and Criminal Justice. Routledge. pp. 63–64. 5611:

A Quiet Revolution: The Veil's Resurgence, from the Middle East to America

5540: 3268: 3091: 2488: 2241:, education, religious ideology and knowledge of the people who made them. 1251:). Wearing a head covering in public had increased since the 2006 survey. 10616: 10423: 10139: 10043: 9748: 9693: 9628: 9593: 9538: 9448: 9396: 9341: 9291: 9207: 9190: 9166: 9161: 9145: 9091: 9043: 8970: 8920: 8793: 8702: 8692: 8547: 8524: 8507: 8502: 8435: 8400: 8388: 8318: 8098: 7892: 7327:"Hijab ban: Karnataka high court upholds government order on headscarves" 6282: 4083:"Fatwas of the Permanent Committee: Women covering their faces and hands" 3861:"Saudi cleric al-Ghamdi: Abaya is not mandatory as per Islam's teachings" 2234: 1790: 1786: 1735: 1278:

Greek bronze statuette of a veiled and masked dancer, 2nd–3rd century BC.

1204: 1025: 888:, painting by Gustav Richter (1823–1884). The classical understanding of 789:, claimed that covering also covers the face, based on the word (Arabic: 314: 7095:"French burkini ban row escalates after clothing incident at Nice beach" 6155: 2917:

Fisher, Mary Pat. Living Religions. New Jersey: Pearson Education, 2008.

2397:

Twin Cultures Separated by Centuries: An Indian Reading of 1 Corinthians

1755:

has ancient pre-Islamic origins, but the widespread custom was ended by

754: 239: 10395: 9918: 9850: 9763: 9638: 9613: 9568: 9558: 9523: 9483: 9473: 9458: 9381: 9281: 9130: 9096: 9086: 9076: 9051: 9004: 8975: 8937: 8783: 8739: 8729: 8724: 8697: 8649: 8637: 8632: 8572: 8514: 8457: 8452: 8371: 8356: 8331: 8121: 6634:"Majority-Muslim Tajikistan passes law to discourage wearing of hijabs" 6156:"قانون مجازات اسلامی (Islamic Penal Code), see ‌ماده 102 (article 102)" 6001: 5271:

Hindu ladies covered their head with a kind of veil known as Ghoonghat.

3864: 3626:

https://www.jspt.ir/article_167055_d4455677421c8d1c8ab05b048e5fb3a9.pdf

2802: 1997: 1991: 1968: 1961: 1646: 1303: 1059: 1055: 1046: 914: 640: 632: 628: 620: 73: 7123: 5238:

The Ornament of a Spirit: Exploring the Reasons Covering Styles Change

5219:

The Ornament of a Spirit: Exploring the Reasons Covering Styles Change

4454: 3996:"A Detailed Exposition of the Fiqh of Covering One's Nakedness (Awra)" 3829: 3361: 1292:

included the practice of the head covering worn by the priestesses of

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Gyan Books, 2005. p. 130. 3859:Mariam al-Jaber (28 March 2018). 3568:Hameed, Shahul (9 October 2003). 2293:Mitchell, Travis (29 June 2021). 2141:Iranian compulsory hijab protests 1925:Unofficial pressure to wear hijab 1751:The tradition of veiling hair in 1484: 1311:, Palmyra, Syria, 1st century CE. 663:as saying it is no longer than a 183:, particularly after the rise of 10650: 10649: 10385: 8024: 7997: 7971: 7876: 7856:Younis, Mohamed (2 March 2009). 7849: 7839:Journal of Employment Counseling 7815:Canadian Council of Muslim Women 7806: 7751: 7734: 7711: 7674: 7647: 7638: 7611: 7584: 7560:Kirk Semple (25 November 2015). 7553: 7526: 7464: 7433: 7405: 7359: 7333: 7319: 7301: 7234:from the original on 31 May 2019 7207: 7185: 7173:from the original on 18 May 2019 7154: 7117: 6981: 6955: 6886: 6855: 6825: 6799: 6769: 6739: 6721:"The Islamic veil across Europe" 6713: 6652: 6626: 6594: 6564: 6538: 6512: 6482: 6469: 6452: 6426: 6369: 6343: 6319:Jewel Topsfield (7 April 2016). 6295: 6272: 6258: 6238:BBC Monitoring (22 April 2016). 6231: 6204: 6148: 6049: 6022: 5994: 5967: 5948: 5854: 5829: 5803: 5778: 5764: 5732: 5706:Robinson, Jeremy Bender, Melia. 5699: 5673: 5647: 5617: 5602: 5573: 5564: 5531: 5516: 5479: 5419: 5388: 5358: 5308: 5229: 5100: 5065: 5039: 4953: 4912: 4900:from the original on 13 May 2008 4854: 4796: 4766: 4696: 4668: 4641: 3838:, p. 146, Vol. 8, no. 6240. 3187:from the original on 11 May 2018 2981: 2442:Garcia, Myrian (15 March 2022). 2186:Non-Muslim religious coverings: 2105: 2091: 1820:On 15 March 2004, France passed 982: 590:Luxenberg's Syro-Aramaic reading 100:A Tunisian woman wearing a hijab 7654:BBC Trending (13 August 2016). 6837:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty 5020:Grenier, Éric (27 April 2016). 4784:from the original on 1 May 2019 4754:from the original on 1 May 2019 4611: 4580: 4560:Shounaz Meky (9 October 2014). 4467: 4446: 4437: 4403: 4369: 4335: 4304: 4292: 4283: 4261: 4240: 4189: 4105: 4049: 4040: 3955: 3930: 3918: 3906: 3897: 3871: 3852: 3841: 3757: 3731: 3654: 3641: 3630: 3619: 3606: 3499:Islam: A Worldwide Encyclopedia 3466: 3392: 3383: 3036: 2938: 2920: 2911: 2902: 2893: 2890:Lane's Lexicon page 519 and 812 2884: 2871: 2863:Glasse, Cyril (2001). "hijab". 2670: 2644: 2545: 2518: 2480:Encyclopedia of Global Religion 2342:Lindberg, Christine A. (2012). 2223: 2214: 2042:EEOC v. Abercrombie & Fitch 1746: 717:, and are a major source which 228:(a dress or cloak) rather than 16:Islamic head covering for women 10375:The Satanic Verses controversy 8190:The Oxford Dictionary of Islam 7148:10.1016/j.ijintrel.2009.02.005 6522:. BBC News. 31 December 2010. 6089:Ramezani, Reza (spring 2007). 5492:The Oxford Dictionary of Islam 5486:John L. Esposito, ed. (2014). 4652:. Tehran Bureau/The Guardian. 4648:Yara Elmjouie (19 June 2014). 4530:RICH MORIN (14 January 2014). 3542:. 8 April 2003. Archived from 2811:, Random House, (2005), p.65–6 2651:Blake, John (12 August 2009). 2505: 2435: 2362: 2335: 2308: 2286: 2260: 1714:Indonesia's central government 749:revealed the Verse of veiling. 1: 6809:. BBC News. 7 February 2016. 3963:"Is a Woman's Voice 'Awrah'?" 3879:"Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 282" 2865:The New Encyclopedia of Islam 2248: 1862:Austrian Constitutional Court 1741: 1545: 1264:Pre-Islamic veiling practices 942:Muhammad ibn Adam Al-Kawthari 845: 793:) in the text of this hadith. 649:Muhammad Nasiruddin al-Albani 235:The clearest verses on topic 10461:Khomeini's 8-article command 10339:Engagement with Jimmy Carter 7474:. BBC News. 10 August 2001. 7195:. BBC News. 11 December 2020 7055:Ben Quinn (23 August 2016). 6965:. BBC News. 12 August 2016. 6056:Fedorak, Shirley A. (2012). 5259:. Inter-India Publications. 4453:WAWI, NA (3 February 2021). 4342:V.A. Mohamad Ashrof (2005). 3210:The Taliban: Ascent to Power 3092:IRBC,, TUR,,4885a91a8,0.html 2531:. Indiana University Press. 2267:Piela, Anna (6 April 2022). 2253: 2146:Violence against women#Dress 2012:and the coining of the term 1396:Oriental Orthodox Christians 1015:temptation or public discord 827:'shield, armature', 803: 671:or head-covering as jilbab. 195: 7: 10324:Islamic Revolutionary Court 10267:1963 demonstrations in Iran 6436:. BBC News. 15 March 2002. 6128:Elizabeth M. Bucar (2011). 5978:. Reuters/Huffington Post. 4587:Yasmin Nouh (11 May 2016). 4089:. Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. 3516:Ghufran Khir-Allah (2021). 3475:A New Anthropology of Islam 3473:John Richard Bowen (2012). 2348:. Oxford University Press. 2084: 1881:Karnataka hijab controversy 1708:The Indonesian province of 1392:Eastern Orthodox Christians 1390:, as well as among certain 1162:face veil; in Pakistan the 1062:" in the Muslim community. 404:Practice and law by country 148: 106: 39: 10: 10715: 10550:Farideh Mostafavi Khomeini 8064:. Routledge. p. 170. 8050: 7705:10.1037/0735-7028.35.6.635 6663:. BBC News. Archived from 5790:Public Radio International 5588:. Routledge. p. 276. 5236:Anderson, Cory A. (2013). 5217:Anderson, Cory A. (2013). 5140:. University of Hartford. 3479:Cambridge University Press 2151:List of religious headgear 2065: 2001: 1878: 1621: 1555:Egyptian leader President 1431:During Muhammad's lifetime 1267: 1258: 1122: 849: 832: 'a woman's garment' 807: 10647: 10589: 10580:Seyyed Ahmad Musavi Hindi 10522: 10469: 10394: 10383: 10259: 10188: 10117: 9909: 9429: 9262: 9154: 9042: 8995: 8951: 8842: 8833: 8824: 8538: 8466: 8426: 8317: 8306: 8297: 8237:In graphics: Muslim veils 8140:. Yale University Press. 8004:Participating Countries. 7512:10.1177/10778012221079373 7295:Christian Science Monitor 6325:The Sydney Morning Herald 6035:. John Wiley & Sons. 5681:"Pakistan's swinging 70s" 5525:Women and Gender in Islam 5382:Women and Gender in Islam 5367:Women and Gender in Islam 5352:Women and Gender in Islam 5332:Women and Gender in Islam 5317:Women and Gender in Islam 5109:Women and Gender in Islam 5094:Women and Gender in Islam 3790:Kamali, Mohammad (2005). 3717:. Bloomsbury Publishing. 3460:Stanford University Press 3354:10.26686/wgtn.16967146.v1 3229:Louis A. Cainkar (2009). 2830:. Yale University Press. 1869:Staffanstorp Municipality 1834:European Court of Justice 1804: 973:Man La Yahduruhu al-Faqih 700: 209: 126:of women from men in the 10544:Zahra Mostafavi Khomeini 8061:Gender and Self in Islam 7860:. Gallup. Archived from 7725:11 December 2010 at the 6217:. Springer. p. 73. 6211:Behnoosh Payvar (2016). 5942:10.35632/ajis.v17i3.2045 5815:National Geographic News 5613:. Yale University Press. 5580:Sara Silverstri (2016). 5542:Islam: The Straight Path 5461:. Random House. p. 5401:. Random House. p. 4345:Islam and gender justice 3078:23 December 2011 at the 2207: 1967:In 2015, authorities in 1874: 1449:Later pre-modern history 1386:today, especially among 907:Sunni schools of thought 900: 721:used to derive rulings. 112:Islamic rules of modesty 10607:Death and state funeral 8195:Oxford University Press 6288:19 October 2017 at the 6268:. UN OHCHR. 6 May 2019. 5538:Esposito, John (1991). 4534:. Pew Research Center. 3058:7 November 2008 at the 1384:Christian denominations 1345:The best-known view on 965: 810:Women's prayer in Islam 114:. In the verses of the 10694:Islamic fundamentalism 10358:Supreme Leader of Iran 7924:Cite journal requires 7821:16 August 2018 at the 7500:Violence Against Women 5283:Gupta, Kamala (1987). 5255:Gupta, Kamala (2003). 3938:"Muslim Women Network" 3314:Psychological Bulletin 2194:Christian headcovering 1982:After the election of 1910:, and by figures like 1817: 1795:Shamsiddin Orumbekzoda 1688: 1633: 1597:women and their rights 1592: 1552: 1502: 1363:Tertullian of Carthage 1353:within the passage in 1347:Christian headcovering 1342: 1312: 1279: 1239: 1187: 1152: 1145:Camp Speicher massacre 1081: 995: 897: 768: 751: 609: 248: 177:local laws and customs 101: 8933:Salvation Army bonnet 7772:10.1353/csd.2003.0002 5523:Ahmed, Leila (1992). 5380:Ahmed, Leila (1992). 5365:Ahmed, Leila (1992). 5350:Ahmed, Leila (1992). 5330:Ahmed, Leila (1992). 5315:Ahmed, Leila (1992). 5107:Ahmed, Leila (1992). 5092:Ahmed, Leila (1992). 4997:. 23 September 2014. 4319:Yale University Press 4311:Ahmed, Leila (1992). 3998:. 19 September 2010. 3208:M. J. Gohari (2000). 2824:Ahmed, Leila (1992). 2569:Aziz, Shamsa (2011). 2489:10.4135/9781412997898 1846:Nice terrorist attack 1812: 1678: 1631: 1622:Further information: 1587: 1543: 1492: 1388:Anabaptist Christians 1367:Clement of Alexandria 1349:is delineated in the 1337: 1306: 1277: 1268:Further information: 1234: 1179: 1142: 1123:Further information: 1119:Contemporary practice 1068: 990: 940:in Saudi Arabia, and 925:) believe that it is 872: 783:Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani 759: 731: 719:Muslim legal scholars 605: 244: 99: 10628:Homafaran Allegiance 10506:Islam and Revolution 10282:1978 Tabriz protests 8247:ReOrienting the Veil 8219:3 March 2021 at the 8130:, Random House, 2005 8058:Anwar, Etin (2006). 7893:10.2139/ssrn.2031979 6839:. 11 February 2016. 6464:Encyclopædia Iranica 6098:2 March 2019 at the 6059:Anthropology Matters 5963:on 24 December 2012. 5748:. 3 September 2015. 5609:Leila Ahmed (2014). 5455:Aslan, Reza (2005). 5395:Aslan, Reza (2005). 4059:. 9 September 2010. 3294:Personnel Psychology 3125:17 July 2012 at the 3115:5 March 2016 at the 3048:4 March 2016 at the 2513:Cambridge Dictionary 2010:September 11 attacks 1612:September 11 attacks 1544:Gamal Abdel Nasser ( 1359:early Church Fathers 931:close family members 205:In Islamic scripture 192:despite challenges. 164:texts of hadith and 10456:Letter to Gorbachev 10309:Cultural Revolution 10287:Neauphle-le-Château 9317:Coal scuttle bonnet 8603:Casquette d'Afrique 8034:. worldhijabday.com 8008:. World Hijab Day. 8006:"Worldwide Support" 7864:on 21 December 2011 7279:. 10 February 2022. 5774:. 20 February 2019. 5657:. 4 December 2015. 5655:"Bhutto's Pakistan" 4926:The Washington Post 4593:The Huffington Post 4500:. 23 January 2014. 3976:Sahar Amer (2014). 3454:Samira Haj (2008). 3183:. 28 January 2015. 2877:Sahar Amer (2014), 2600:. 8 December 2020. 2374:Pew Research Center 2160:Covering variants: 1407:Indian subcontinent 1400:Reformed Christians 1209:widespread protests 1085:Khaled Abou El Fadl 735:Umar bin Al-Khattab 686:light from darkness 540:My Stealthy Freedom 458:Taliban Afghanistan 181:workplace prejudice 10612:Alef-Laam Khomeini 10597:Jamaran Hussainiya 10513:The Greatest Jihad 10414:Shiite clericalism 10329:Interim Government 10299:Iranian Revolution 9784:sombrero de catite 9102:Boss of the Plains 8300:List of hat styles 7397:has generic name ( 7346:Human Rights Watch 7297:. 8 February 2022. 7214:TT (29 May 2019). 6995:. 19 August 2016. 6783:. 1 October 2016. 6723:. BBC News. 2017. 6610:. September 2017. 6475:El-Guindi, Fadwa, 5904:on 24 October 2014 5631:. 18 August 2013. 5570:Bloom (2002), p.47 4967:. 8 October 2013. 4941:on 19 October 2017 4190:Ali, Abdul Samad. 3913:Muwatta Imam Malik 3018:Morocco World News 2449:Religion Unplugged 2028:religious groups. 1984:Shavkat Mirziyoyev 1908:Human Rights Watch 1818: 1689: 1634: 1593: 1561:Muslim Brotherhood 1557:Gamal Abdel Nasser 1553: 1519:Iranian revolution 1503: 1379:Augustine of Hippo 1371:Hippolytus of Rome 1343: 1338:Roman statue of a 1313: 1280: 1240: 1188: 1166:, the full-length 1153: 1101:Abdullah ibn Masud 1082: 996: 898: 775:Safiya bint Shaiba 494:Gender segregation 102: 49:[ħɪˈdʒaːb] 10661: 10660: 10485:Tahrir al-Wasilah 10446:Islamic democracy 10253:Ruhollah Khomeini 10219: 10218: 10009:Haredi burqa sect 9806:Stormy Kromer cap 9789:sombrero vueltiao 9779:sombrero cordobés 9425: 9424: 9258: 9257: 9038: 9037: 8991: 8990: 8204:978-0-19-512558-0 8169:978-1-85973-929-7 8147:978-0-300-09422-0 8114:978-0-300-05583-2 8071:978-1-135-99353-5 8032:"World Hijab Day" 7506:(14): 3457–3481. 7220:Svenska Dagbladet 6753:. 21 April 2016. 6406:. 20 March 2018. 5841:www.aljazeera.com 5817:. 12 October 2013 5557:978-0-19-506225-0 5472:978-1-4000-6213-3 5427:"Surat Al-'Ahzab" 5412:978-1-4000-6213-3 5294:978-81-210-0179-3 4778:www.aljazeera.com 4299:Heba G. Kotb M.D. 4024:. 11 April 2016. 3925:Jami` at-Tirmidhi 3915:book 8 hadith 37. 3724:978-1-4411-6137-6 3602:on 17 April 2009. 2683:Feminista Journal 2538:978-0-253-05305-3 2406:978-1-78368-139-6 2355:978-0-19-982992-7 2233:may be shifts in 1799:Radio Free Europe 1699:Ruhollah Khomeini 1641:Legal enforcement 1541: 1515:Soviet–Afghan War 1140: 1076:. (Period before 1021:Alternative views 826: 739:Allah's Messenger 586: 585: 37: 19:In modern usage, 10706: 10684:Modesty in Islam 10653: 10652: 10562:Hussein Khomeini 10538:Mostafa Khomeini 10439:compulsory hijab 10419:Death to America 10389: 10277:1978 Qom protest 10246: 10239: 10232: 10223: 10222: 9774:sombrero calañés 9152: 9151: 8966:epanokalimavkion 8840: 8839: 8831: 8830: 8315: 8314: 8280: 8273: 8266: 8257: 8256: 8208: 8173: 8162:. Oxford: Berg. 8156:El Guindi, Fadwa 8151: 8118: 8094: 8075: 8044: 8043: 8041: 8039: 8028: 8022: 8021: 8019: 8017: 8001: 7995: 7994: 7992: 7990: 7975: 7969: 7962: 7951: 7940: 7934: 7933: 7927: 7922: 7920: 7912: 7880: 7874: 7873: 7871: 7869: 7853: 7847: 7834: 7825: 7810: 7804: 7793: 7784: 7783: 7755: 7749: 7738: 7732: 7715: 7709: 7708: 7698: 7678: 7672: 7671: 7669: 7667: 7651: 7645: 7642: 7636: 7635: 7633: 7631: 7615: 7609: 7608: 7606: 7604: 7588: 7582: 7581: 7579: 7577: 7557: 7551: 7550: 7530: 7524: 7523: 7494: 7488: 7487: 7485: 7483: 7468: 7462: 7461: 7459: 7457: 7437: 7431: 7430: 7428: 7426: 7409: 7403: 7402: 7396: 7392: 7390: 7382: 7380: 7378: 7363: 7357: 7356: 7354: 7352: 7337: 7331: 7330: 7323: 7317: 7316: 7305: 7299: 7298: 7287: 7281: 7280: 7269: 7263: 7262: 7250: 7244: 7243: 7241: 7239: 7211: 7205: 7204: 7202: 7200: 7189: 7183: 7182: 7180: 7178: 7158: 7152: 7151: 7141: 7121: 7115: 7114: 7112: 7110: 7090: 7077: 7076: 7074: 7072: 7052: 7043: 7042: 7040: 7038: 7018: 7009: 7008: 7006: 7004: 6985: 6979: 6978: 6976: 6974: 6959: 6953: 6952: 6950: 6948: 6928: 6915: 6914: 6912: 6910: 6890: 6884: 6883: 6881: 6879: 6859: 6853: 6852: 6850: 6848: 6829: 6823: 6822: 6820: 6818: 6803: 6797: 6796: 6794: 6792: 6773: 6767: 6766: 6764: 6762: 6743: 6737: 6736: 6734: 6732: 6717: 6711: 6710: 6708: 6706: 6686: 6677: 6676: 6674: 6672: 6656: 6650: 6649: 6647: 6645: 6630: 6624: 6623: 6621: 6619: 6598: 6592: 6591: 6589: 6587: 6578:. Archived from 6568: 6562: 6561: 6559: 6557: 6542: 6536: 6535: 6533: 6531: 6516: 6510: 6509: 6507: 6505: 6486: 6480: 6473: 6467: 6456: 6450: 6449: 6447: 6445: 6430: 6424: 6423: 6417: 6415: 6396: 6390: 6389: 6387: 6385: 6373: 6367: 6366: 6364: 6362: 6347: 6341: 6340: 6338: 6336: 6316: 6307: 6306: 6299: 6293: 6283:available online 6276: 6270: 6269: 6262: 6256: 6255: 6253: 6251: 6235: 6229: 6228: 6208: 6202: 6201: 6181: 6172: 6171: 6169: 6167: 6152: 6146: 6145: 6125: 6116: 6087: 6074: 6073: 6053: 6047: 6046: 6026: 6020: 6019: 6012: 6006: 6005: 6002:"Women in Islam" 5998: 5992: 5991: 5989: 5987: 5971: 5965: 5964: 5952: 5946: 5945: 5925: 5914: 5913: 5911: 5909: 5893: 5878: 5877: 5875: 5873: 5858: 5852: 5851: 5849: 5847: 5833: 5827: 5826: 5824: 5822: 5807: 5801: 5800: 5798: 5796: 5782: 5776: 5775: 5768: 5762: 5761: 5759: 5757: 5736: 5730: 5729: 5723: 5715: 5712:Business Insider 5703: 5697: 5696: 5694: 5692: 5677: 5671: 5670: 5668: 5666: 5651: 5645: 5644: 5642: 5640: 5621: 5615: 5614: 5606: 5600: 5599: 5577: 5571: 5568: 5562: 5561: 5545: 5535: 5529: 5528: 5520: 5514: 5513: 5483: 5477: 5476: 5452: 5443: 5442: 5440: 5438: 5423: 5417: 5416: 5392: 5386: 5385: 5377: 5371: 5370: 5362: 5356: 5355: 5347: 5336: 5335: 5327: 5321: 5320: 5312: 5306: 5305: 5280: 5274: 5273: 5252: 5246: 5245: 5233: 5227: 5226: 5214: 5208: 5207: 5205: 5203: 5192: 5183: 5182: 5176: 5174: 5163: 5157: 5156: 5154: 5152: 5146: 5139: 5133:Richard Freund. 5130: 5113: 5112: 5104: 5098: 5097: 5089: 5078: 5077: 5069: 5063: 5062: 5060: 5058: 5043: 5037: 5036: 5034: 5032: 5017: 5011: 5010: 5008: 5006: 4987: 4981: 4980: 4978: 4976: 4957: 4951: 4950: 4948: 4946: 4937:. 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Archived from 3592: 3586: 3585: 3583: 3581: 3572:. Archived from 3565: 3556: 3555: 3553: 3551: 3532: 3526: 3525: 3513: 3507: 3506: 3494: 3483: 3482: 3470: 3464: 3463: 3451: 3442: 3441: 3439: 3437: 3422: 3416: 3413: 3404: 3403: 3396: 3390: 3387: 3381: 3380: 3378: 3376: 3370: 3343: 3332: 3321: 3310: 3301: 3290: 3281: 3280: 3278: 3276: 3267:. Archived from 3256: 3247: 3246: 3226: 3213: 3206: 3197: 3196: 3194: 3192: 3173: 3164: 3157:, Turkmenistan: 3040: 3034: 3033: 3031: 3029: 3010: 3004: 3003: 3001: 2999: 2979: 2970: 2964: 2958: 2957: 2955: 2953: 2942: 2936: 2935: 2924: 2918: 2915: 2909: 2906: 2900: 2897: 2891: 2888: 2882: 2879:What Is Veiling? 2875: 2869: 2868: 2860: 2849: 2848: 2846: 2844: 2821: 2812: 2800: 2785: 2784: 2758: 2723: 2722: 2720: 2718: 2703: 2694: 2693: 2691: 2689: 2674: 2668: 2667: 2665: 2663: 2648: 2642: 2641: 2639: 2637: 2631: 2623: 2614: 2613: 2611: 2609: 2594: 2583: 2582: 2566: 2557: 2556: 2549: 2543: 2542: 2522: 2516: 2509: 2503: 2502: 2474: 2461: 2460: 2458: 2456: 2439: 2433: 2432: 2392: 2386: 2385: 2383: 2381: 2366: 2360: 2359: 2339: 2333: 2332: 2312: 2306: 2305: 2303: 2301: 2290: 2284: 2283: 2281: 2279: 2264: 2242: 2235:linguistic usage 2227: 2221: 2218: 2115: 2110: 2109: 2108: 2101: 2096: 2095: 2094: 1935:Lashkar-e-Jabbar 1912:Malala Yousafzai 1906:, as well as by 1624:Hijab by country 1618:Around the world 1550: 1547: 1542: 1443:darabat al-hijab 1402:, among others. 1355:1 Corinthians 11 1247:and 2% wear the 1238:wearing a turban 1236:Muna AbuSulayman 1149:Salim al-Jabouri 1141: 1129:Hijab by country 1052:darabat al-hijab 992:Malala Yousafzai 833: 830: 824: 821: 819: 792: 723:Sahih al-Bukhari 695:purity of hearts 623:states that the 578: 571: 564: 250: 249: 159: 151: 109: 84:favored by many 51: 46: 42: 32: 30: 10714: 10713: 10709: 10708: 10707: 10705: 10704: 10703: 10664: 10663: 10662: 10657: 10643: 10585: 10576:(granddaughter) 10568:Hassan Khomeini 10532:Khadijeh Saqafi 10518: 10465: 10434:Sex segregation 10390: 10381: 10368:Israeli support 10334:1979 Referendum 10314:Supreme Council 10255: 10250: 10220: 10215: 10184: 10113: 9911: 9905: 9479:Bhadgaunle Topi 9464:Balmoral bonnet 9454:Astrakhan (hat) 9421: 9254: 9150: 9034: 8987: 8947: 8884:Christening cap 8874:Cappello romano 8820: 8806:Square academic 8613:Cavalry Stetson 8598:Cappello Alpino 8534: 8462: 8422: 8309: 8302: 8293: 8284: 8232: 8227: 8221:Wayback Machine 8205: 8170: 8148: 8115: 8091: 8072: 8053: 8048: 8047: 8037: 8035: 8030: 8029: 8025: 8015: 8013: 8002: 7998: 7988: 7986: 7977: 7976: 7972: 7963: 7954: 7941: 7937: 7925: 7923: 7914: 7913: 7881: 7877: 7867: 7865: 7854: 7850: 7835: 7828: 7823:Wayback Machine 7811: 7807: 7794: 7787: 7756: 7752: 7739: 7735: 7727:Wayback Machine 7716: 7712: 7696:10.1.1.569.7436 7679: 7675: 7665: 7663: 7652: 7648: 7643: 7639: 7629: 7627: 7616: 7612: 7602: 7600: 7589: 7585: 7575: 7573: 7558: 7554: 7547: 7531: 7527: 7495: 7491: 7481: 7479: 7470: 7469: 7465: 7455: 7453: 7446:The Independent 7438: 7434: 7424: 7422: 7410: 7406: 7394: 7393: 7384: 7383: 7376: 7374: 7364: 7360: 7350: 7348: 7338: 7334: 7325: 7324: 7320: 7313:The News Minute 7307: 7306: 7302: 7289: 7288: 7284: 7271: 7270: 7266: 7251: 7247: 7237: 7235: 7212: 7208: 7198: 7196: 7191: 7190: 7186: 7176: 7174: 7159: 7155: 7139:10.1.1.471.6175 7122: 7118: 7108: 7106: 7091: 7080: 7070: 7068: 7053: 7046: 7036: 7034: 7027:The Independent 7019: 7012: 7002: 7000: 6987: 6986: 6982: 6972: 6970: 6961: 6960: 6956: 6946: 6944: 6929: 6918: 6908: 6906: 6891: 6887: 6877: 6875: 6860: 6856: 6846: 6844: 6831: 6830: 6826: 6816: 6814: 6805: 6804: 6800: 6790: 6788: 6781:The Independent 6775: 6774: 6770: 6760: 6758: 6751:The Independent 6745: 6744: 6740: 6730: 6728: 6719: 6718: 6714: 6704: 6702: 6687: 6680: 6670: 6668: 6667:on 12 June 2018 6657: 6653: 6643: 6641: 6632: 6631: 6627: 6617: 6615: 6607:The Independent 6600: 6599: 6595: 6585: 6583: 6582:on 22 June 2024 6570: 6569: 6565: 6555: 6553: 6552:on 20 July 2013 6544: 6543: 6539: 6529: 6527: 6518: 6517: 6513: 6503: 6501: 6496:. 6 June 2008. 6488: 6487: 6483: 6474: 6470: 6457: 6453: 6443: 6441: 6432: 6431: 6427: 6413: 6411: 6398: 6397: 6393: 6383: 6381: 6374: 6370: 6360: 6358: 6348: 6344: 6334: 6332: 6317: 6310: 6301: 6300: 6296: 6290:Wayback Machine 6277: 6273: 6264: 6263: 6259: 6249: 6247: 6236: 6232: 6225: 6209: 6205: 6198: 6182: 6175: 6165: 6163: 6154: 6153: 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4954: 4944: 4942: 4917: 4913: 4903: 4901: 4886: 4882: 4872: 4870: 4859: 4855: 4845: 4843: 4832: 4828: 4818: 4816: 4801: 4797: 4787: 4785: 4772: 4771: 4767: 4757: 4755: 4732: 4725: 4715: 4713: 4701: 4697: 4687: 4685: 4673: 4669: 4659: 4657: 4646: 4642: 4632: 4630: 4617: 4616: 4612: 4602: 4600: 4585: 4581: 4571: 4569: 4558: 4551: 4541: 4539: 4528: 4517: 4507: 4505: 4498:Huffington Post 4492: 4491: 4482: 4473: 4472: 4468: 4451: 4447: 4442: 4438: 4428: 4426: 4424: 4408: 4404: 4394: 4392: 4390: 4374: 4370: 4360: 4358: 4356: 4340: 4336: 4329: 4309: 4305: 4297: 4293: 4288: 4284: 4274: 4272: 4270:"Hijab of Eyes" 4266: 4262: 4252: 4250: 4246: 4245: 4241: 4231: 4229: 4224:. 15 May 2014. 4220: 4219: 4215: 4205: 4203: 4188: 4184: 4174: 4172: 4167:. 27 May 2014. 4163: 4162: 4158: 4148: 4146: 4137: 4136: 4132: 4122: 4120: 4115:. 30 May 2009. 4113:"Who is Mahram" 4111: 4110: 4106: 4096: 4094: 4081: 4080: 4076: 4066: 4064: 4055: 4054: 4050: 4045: 4041: 4031: 4029: 4020: 4019: 4015: 4005: 4003: 3994: 3993: 3989: 3974: 3970: 3961: 3960: 3956: 3946: 3944: 3942:www.mwnuk.co.uk 3936: 3935: 3931: 3923: 3919: 3911: 3907: 3902: 3898: 3888: 3886: 3877: 3876: 3872: 3857: 3853: 3846: 3842: 3834: 3830: 3822: 3818: 3808: 3806: 3804: 3788: 3784: 3774: 3772: 3763: 3762: 3758: 3748: 3746: 3737: 3736: 3732: 3725: 3707: 3696: 3689: 3673: 3669: 3660: 3659: 3655: 3646: 3642: 3635: 3631: 3624: 3620: 3611: 3607: 3594: 3593: 3589: 3579: 3577: 3576:on 4 April 2023 3566: 3559: 3549: 3547: 3546:on 26 June 2010 3540:IslamonLine.net 3534: 3533: 3529: 3514: 3510: 3495: 3486: 3471: 3467: 3452: 3445: 3435: 3433: 3431:Washington Post 3423: 3419: 3414: 3407: 3398: 3397: 3393: 3388: 3384: 3374: 3372: 3368: 3341: 3333: 3324: 3311: 3304: 3291: 3284: 3274: 3272: 3271:on 25 July 2019 3257: 3250: 3243: 3227: 3216: 3207: 3200: 3190: 3188: 3175: 3174: 3167: 3141:, Switzerland: 3127:Wayback Machine 3117:Wayback Machine 3080:Wayback Machine 3060:Wayback Machine 3050:Wayback Machine 3041: 3037: 3027: 3025: 3012: 3011: 3007: 2997: 2995: 2982:Syed, Ibrahim. 2980: 2973: 2965: 2961: 2951: 2949: 2943: 2939: 2926: 2925: 2921: 2916: 2912: 2907: 2903: 2898: 2894: 2889: 2885: 2876: 2872: 2861: 2852: 2842: 2840: 2838: 2822: 2815: 2801: 2788: 2781: 2759: 2726: 2716: 2714: 2704: 2697: 2687: 2685: 2675: 2671: 2661: 2659: 2649: 2645: 2635: 2633: 2629: 2625: 2624: 2617: 2607: 2605: 2596: 2595: 2586: 2567: 2560: 2551: 2550: 2546: 2539: 2523: 2519: 2510: 2506: 2499: 2475: 2464: 2454: 2452: 2440: 2436: 2407: 2393: 2389: 2379: 2377: 2368: 2367: 2363: 2356: 2340: 2336: 2329: 2313: 2309: 2299: 2297: 2291: 2287: 2277: 2275: 2265: 2261: 2256: 2251: 2246: 2245: 2228: 2224: 2219: 2215: 2210: 2198:religious habit 2176:(worn by men), 2121:World Hijab Day 2111: 2106: 2104: 2097: 2092: 2090: 2087: 2074: 2068:World Hijab Day 2064: 2062:World Hijab Day 2006: 2000: 1955: 1947:women in Jordan 1927: 1883: 1877: 1807: 1753:Persian culture 1749: 1744: 1657:. In 1990, the 1643: 1626: 1620: 1548: 1532: 1487: 1451: 1433: 1375:John Chrysostom 1329:Fadwa El Guindi 1272: 1266: 1261: 1133: 1131: 1121: 1043:Karen Armstrong 1023: 985: 968: 905:The four major 903: 894:concubine women 854: 848: 831: 812: 806: 737:used to say to 703: 582: 550:World Hijab Day 212: 207: 198: 64:women, certain 62:Orthodox Jewish 44: 17: 12: 11: 5: 10712: 10702: 10701: 10696: 10691: 10686: 10681: 10676: 10659: 10658: 10648: 10645: 10644: 10642: 10641: 10636: 10631: 10624: 10619: 10614: 10609: 10604: 10599: 10593: 10591: 10587: 10586: 10584: 10583: 10577: 10574:Zahra Eshraghi 10571: 10565: 10559: 10556:Ahmad Khomeini 10553: 10547: 10541: 10535: 10528: 10526: 10520: 10519: 10517: 10516: 10509: 10502: 10495: 10492:Kashf al-Asrar 10488: 10481: 10473: 10471: 10467: 10466: 10464: 10463: 10458: 10453: 10448: 10443: 10442: 10441: 10431: 10426: 10421: 10416: 10411: 10406: 10404:American Islam 10400: 10398: 10392: 10391: 10384: 10382: 10380: 10379: 10378: 10377: 10372: 10371: 10370: 10355: 10354: 10353: 10346: 10341: 10336: 10331: 10326: 10321: 10316: 10311: 10306: 10296: 10294:Return to Iran 10291: 10290: 10289: 10284: 10279: 10269: 10263: 10261: 10257: 10256: 10249: 10248: 10241: 10234: 10226: 10217: 10216: 10214: 10213: 10208: 10203: 10198: 10192: 10190: 10186: 10185: 10183: 10182: 10177: 10172: 10167: 10162: 10157: 10152: 10147: 10142: 10137: 10132: 10127: 10121: 10119: 10115: 10114: 10112: 10111: 10106: 10101: 10096: 10091: 10086: 10081: 10076: 10071: 10066: 10061: 10056: 10051: 10046: 10041: 10036: 10031: 10026: 10021: 10016: 10011: 10006: 10001: 9996: 9991: 9986: 9981: 9976: 9971: 9966: 9961: 9956: 9951: 9946: 9941: 9936: 9931: 9926: 9921: 9915: 9913: 9907: 9906: 9904: 9903: 9898: 9893: 9888: 9883: 9878: 9873: 9868: 9863: 9858: 9853: 9848: 9843: 9838: 9833: 9828: 9826:Tam o' shanter 9823: 9818: 9813: 9808: 9803: 9798: 9793: 9792: 9791: 9786: 9781: 9776: 9766: 9761: 9756: 9751: 9746: 9741: 9736: 9731: 9726: 9721: 9716: 9711: 9706: 9701: 9696: 9691: 9686: 9681: 9676: 9671: 9666: 9664:Montera picona 9661: 9656: 9651: 9646: 9641: 9636: 9631: 9626: 9621: 9616: 9611: 9606: 9601: 9596: 9591: 9586: 9584:Icelandic tail 9581: 9576: 9571: 9566: 9561: 9556: 9551: 9546: 9541: 9536: 9531: 9526: 9521: 9516: 9511: 9506: 9501: 9496: 9491: 9486: 9481: 9476: 9471: 9466: 9461: 9456: 9451: 9446: 9441: 9435: 9433: 9427: 9426: 9423: 9422: 9420: 9419: 9417:Gediminas' Cap 9414: 9409: 9404: 9399: 9394: 9389: 9384: 9379: 9374: 9369: 9364: 9359: 9354: 9349: 9344: 9339: 9334: 9329: 9324: 9319: 9314: 9309: 9304: 9299: 9294: 9289: 9284: 9279: 9274: 9268: 9266: 9260: 9259: 9256: 9255: 9253: 9252: 9247: 9242: 9237: 9236: 9235: 9233:green eyeshade 9225: 9220: 9215: 9210: 9205: 9200: 9195: 9194: 9193: 9183: 9182: 9181: 9171: 9170: 9169: 9158: 9156: 9149: 9148: 9143: 9138: 9133: 9128: 9123: 9122: 9121: 9111: 9106: 9105: 9104: 9094: 9089: 9084: 9079: 9074: 9069: 9064: 9059: 9054: 9048: 9046: 9040: 9039: 9036: 9035: 9033: 9032: 9027: 9022: 9017: 9012: 9007: 9001: 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8303: 8298: 8295: 8294: 8283: 8282: 8275: 8268: 8260: 8254: 8253: 8244: 8231: 8230:External links 8228: 8226: 8225: 8209: 8203: 8185:Esposito, John 8181: 8176:Elver, Hilal. 8174: 8168: 8152: 8146: 8131: 8119: 8113: 8095: 8089: 8076: 8070: 8054: 8052: 8049: 8046: 8045: 8023: 7996: 7970: 7952: 7935: 7926:|journal= 7875: 7848: 7826: 7805: 7785: 7750: 7733: 7710: 7689:(6): 635–642. 7673: 7646: 7637: 7610: 7583: 7566:New York Times 7552: 7545: 7525: 7489: 7463: 7432: 7404: 7358: 7332: 7318: 7300: 7282: 7264: 7245: 7222:(in Swedish). 7206: 7184: 7153: 7132:(5): 419–428. 7116: 7078: 7044: 7010: 6980: 6954: 6937:New York Times 6916: 6885: 6854: 6824: 6798: 6768: 6738: 6712: 6678: 6651: 6625: 6593: 6563: 6537: 6511: 6481: 6468: 6451: 6425: 6391: 6368: 6342: 6308: 6294: 6271: 6257: 6230: 6223: 6203: 6196: 6173: 6147: 6140: 6117: 6075: 6068: 6048: 6041: 6021: 6007: 5993: 5966: 5955:Elsaie, Adel. 5947: 5915: 5879: 5868:. 23 July 2018 5853: 5828: 5802: 5777: 5763: 5731: 5698: 5672: 5646: 5616: 5601: 5594: 5572: 5563: 5556: 5530: 5515: 5508: 5478: 5471: 5458:No God but God 5444: 5418: 5411: 5398:No God but God 5387: 5372: 5357: 5337: 5322: 5307: 5293: 5275: 5265: 5247: 5228: 5209: 5184: 5158: 5114: 5099: 5079: 5064: 5038: 5012: 4982: 4952: 4911: 4880: 4853: 4826: 4795: 4765: 4723: 4695: 4667: 4640: 4625:. Qantara.de. 4610: 4579: 4564:. Al Arabiya. 4549: 4515: 4480: 4466: 4445: 4436: 4422: 4402: 4388: 4368: 4354: 4334: 4328:978-0300055832 4327: 4303: 4291: 4282: 4260: 4239: 4213: 4182: 4156: 4130: 4104: 4074: 4048: 4039: 4013: 3987: 3968: 3965:. 8 June 2023. 3954: 3929: 3917: 3905: 3896: 3881:. sunnah.com. 3870: 3851: 3840: 3828: 3826:, p. 170. 3816: 3802: 3782: 3756: 3730: 3723: 3694: 3687: 3667: 3653: 3640: 3629: 3618: 3605: 3587: 3557: 3527: 3508: 3505:. p. 595. 3484: 3465: 3462:. p. 134. 3443: 3417: 3405: 3391: 3382: 3322: 3302: 3282: 3248: 3241: 3214: 3198: 3165: 3160:, Uzbekistan: 3154:, Tajikistan: 3148:, Kazakhstan: 3035: 3005: 2971: 2959: 2937: 2919: 2910: 2901: 2892: 2883: 2870: 2850: 2836: 2813: 2808:No God but God 2786: 2779: 2724: 2695: 2669: 2643: 2615: 2584: 2558: 2544: 2537: 2517: 2504: 2497: 2462: 2434: 2405: 2387: 2376:. 29 June 2021 2361: 2354: 2334: 2327: 2307: 2285: 2258: 2257: 2255: 2252: 2250: 2247: 2244: 2243: 2222: 2212: 2211: 2209: 2206: 2205: 2204: 2184: 2158: 2153: 2148: 2143: 2138: 2133: 2128: 2126:Types of hijab 2123: 2117: 2116: 2113:Fashion portal 2102: 2086: 2083: 2063: 2060: 1999: 1996: 1977:Fergana Valley 1954: 1951: 1926: 1923: 1876: 1873: 1815:Hujum policies 1806: 1803: 1748: 1745: 1743: 1740: 1693:Hassan Rouhani 1679:Women wearing 1655:First Intifada 1642: 1639: 1619: 1616: 1486: 1485:Modern history 1483: 1455:Arab conquests 1450: 1447: 1432: 1429: 1309:Temple of Baal 1298:Vestal Virgins 1285:sumptuary laws 1265: 1262: 1260: 1257: 1196:Hassan Rouhani 1125:Types of hijab 1120: 1117: 1110:Quraish Shihab 1022: 1019: 984: 981: 976:Musa al-Kadhim 967: 964: 902: 899: 847: 844: 843: 842: 835: 808:Main article: 805: 802: 801: 800: 795: 794: 761:...the men of 757:was revealed, 702: 699: 584: 583: 581: 580: 573: 566: 558: 555: 554: 553: 552: 547: 542: 537: 532: 527: 519: 518: 514: 513: 512: 511: 506: 501: 496: 491: 486: 481: 473: 472: 468: 467: 466: 465: 460: 455: 450: 445: 440: 435: 430: 425: 420: 415: 407: 406: 400: 399: 398: 397: 392: 387: 382: 377: 372: 367: 362: 357: 352: 347: 342: 337: 332: 327: 322: 317: 312: 307: 302: 297: 292: 287: 279: 278: 272: 271: 259: 258: 211: 208: 206: 203: 197: 194: 68:, such as the 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 10711: 10700: 10697: 10695: 10692: 10690: 10687: 10685: 10682: 10680: 10677: 10675: 10672: 10671: 10669: 10656: 10646: 10640: 10637: 10635: 10632: 10630: 10629: 10625: 10623: 10620: 10618: 10615: 10613: 10610: 10608: 10605: 10603: 10600: 10598: 10595: 10594: 10592: 10588: 10582:(grandfather) 10581: 10578: 10575: 10572: 10569: 10566: 10563: 10560: 10557: 10554: 10551: 10548: 10545: 10542: 10539: 10536: 10533: 10530: 10529: 10527: 10525: 10521: 10515: 10514: 10510: 10508: 10507: 10503: 10501: 10500: 10496: 10494: 10493: 10489: 10487: 10486: 10482: 10480: 10479: 10475: 10474: 10472: 10468: 10462: 10459: 10457: 10454: 10452: 10449: 10447: 10444: 10440: 10437: 10436: 10435: 10432: 10430: 10427: 10425: 10422: 10420: 10417: 10415: 10412: 10410: 10407: 10405: 10402: 10401: 10399: 10397: 10393: 10388: 10376: 10373: 10369: 10366: 10365: 10364: 10363:Iran–Iraq War 10361: 10360: 10359: 10356: 10352: 10351: 10347: 10345: 10342: 10340: 10337: 10335: 10332: 10330: 10327: 10325: 10322: 10320: 10317: 10315: 10312: 10310: 10307: 10305: 10302: 10301: 10300: 10297: 10295: 10292: 10288: 10285: 10283: 10280: 10278: 10275: 10274: 10273: 10272:Life in exile 10270: 10268: 10265: 10264: 10262: 10258: 10254: 10247: 10242: 10240: 10235: 10233: 10228: 10227: 10224: 10212: 10209: 10207: 10204: 10202: 10199: 10197: 10194: 10193: 10191: 10187: 10181: 10178: 10176: 10173: 10171: 10168: 10166: 10163: 10161: 10158: 10156: 10153: 10151: 10148: 10146: 10145:Campaign cord 10143: 10141: 10138: 10136: 10133: 10131: 10128: 10126: 10123: 10122: 10120: 10116: 10110: 10107: 10105: 10102: 10100: 10097: 10095: 10092: 10090: 10087: 10085: 10082: 10080: 10077: 10075: 10072: 10070: 10069:Puneri Pagadi 10067: 10065: 10062: 10060: 10057: 10055: 10052: 10050: 10047: 10045: 10042: 10040: 10037: 10035: 10032: 10030: 10027: 10025: 10022: 10020: 10017: 10015: 10012: 10010: 10007: 10005: 10002: 10000: 9997: 9995: 9992: 9990: 9987: 9985: 9982: 9980: 9977: 9975: 9972: 9970: 9967: 9965: 9962: 9960: 9957: 9955: 9952: 9950: 9947: 9945: 9942: 9940: 9937: 9935: 9932: 9930: 9927: 9925: 9922: 9920: 9917: 9916: 9914: 9908: 9902: 9899: 9897: 9894: 9892: 9889: 9887: 9884: 9882: 9879: 9877: 9874: 9872: 9869: 9867: 9864: 9862: 9859: 9857: 9854: 9852: 9849: 9847: 9844: 9842: 9839: 9837: 9834: 9832: 9829: 9827: 9824: 9822: 9819: 9817: 9814: 9812: 9809: 9807: 9804: 9802: 9799: 9797: 9794: 9790: 9787: 9785: 9782: 9780: 9777: 9775: 9772: 9771: 9770: 9767: 9765: 9762: 9760: 9757: 9755: 9752: 9750: 9747: 9745: 9742: 9740: 9737: 9735: 9732: 9730: 9727: 9725: 9722: 9720: 9717: 9715: 9712: 9710: 9707: 9705: 9702: 9700: 9697: 9695: 9692: 9690: 9687: 9685: 9682: 9680: 9679:Nón quai thao 9677: 9675: 9672: 9670: 9667: 9665: 9662: 9660: 9657: 9655: 9652: 9650: 9647: 9645: 9642: 9640: 9637: 9635: 9632: 9630: 9627: 9625: 9622: 9620: 9617: 9615: 9612: 9610: 9607: 9605: 9602: 9600: 9597: 9595: 9592: 9590: 9587: 9585: 9582: 9580: 9577: 9575: 9572: 9570: 9567: 9565: 9562: 9560: 9557: 9555: 9552: 9550: 9547: 9545: 9542: 9540: 9537: 9535: 9532: 9530: 9527: 9525: 9522: 9520: 9517: 9515: 9512: 9510: 9507: 9505: 9502: 9500: 9497: 9495: 9492: 9490: 9487: 9485: 9482: 9480: 9477: 9475: 9472: 9470: 9467: 9465: 9462: 9460: 9457: 9455: 9452: 9450: 9447: 9445: 9444:Asian conical 9442: 9440: 9437: 9436: 9434: 9432: 9428: 9418: 9415: 9413: 9410: 9408: 9405: 9403: 9400: 9398: 9395: 9393: 9390: 9388: 9385: 9383: 9380: 9378: 9375: 9373: 9370: 9368: 9365: 9363: 9360: 9358: 9355: 9353: 9350: 9348: 9345: 9343: 9340: 9338: 9335: 9333: 9330: 9328: 9325: 9323: 9320: 9318: 9315: 9313: 9310: 9308: 9305: 9303: 9300: 9298: 9295: 9293: 9290: 9288: 9285: 9283: 9280: 9278: 9275: 9273: 9270: 9269: 9267: 9265: 9261: 9251: 9248: 9246: 9243: 9241: 9240:Stormy Kromer 9238: 9234: 9231: 9230: 9229: 9226: 9224: 9221: 9219: 9216: 9214: 9211: 9209: 9206: 9204: 9201: 9199: 9196: 9192: 9189: 9188: 9187: 9184: 9180: 9177: 9176: 9175: 9172: 9168: 9165: 9164: 9163: 9160: 9159: 9157: 9153: 9147: 9144: 9142: 9139: 9137: 9134: 9132: 9129: 9127: 9124: 9120: 9117: 9116: 9115: 9112: 9110: 9107: 9103: 9100: 9099: 9098: 9095: 9093: 9090: 9088: 9085: 9083: 9080: 9078: 9075: 9073: 9070: 9068: 9065: 9063: 9060: 9058: 9055: 9053: 9050: 9049: 9047: 9045: 9041: 9031: 9028: 9026: 9023: 9021: 9018: 9016: 9013: 9011: 9008: 9006: 9003: 9002: 9000: 8998: 8994: 8984: 8981: 8977: 8974: 8972: 8969: 8967: 8964: 8963: 8962: 8959: 8958: 8956: 8954: 8950: 8944: 8941: 8939: 8936: 8934: 8931: 8929: 8926: 8922: 8919: 8918: 8917: 8914: 8910: 8907: 8905: 8902: 8900: 8899:Easter bonnet 8897: 8896: 8895: 8892: 8890: 8887: 8885: 8882: 8880: 8877: 8875: 8872: 8870: 8867: 8865: 8862: 8858: 8855: 8854: 8853: 8850: 8849: 8847: 8845: 8841: 8838: 8836: 8832: 8829: 8827: 8823: 8817: 8816:Utility cover 8814: 8812: 8809: 8807: 8804: 8800: 8797: 8796: 8795: 8792: 8790: 8787: 8785: 8782: 8780: 8777: 8773: 8770: 8768: 8765: 8764: 8763: 8760: 8758: 8755: 8753: 8750: 8748: 8745: 8741: 8738: 8736: 8733: 8732: 8731: 8728: 8726: 8723: 8719: 8716: 8714: 8711: 8709: 8706: 8704: 8701: 8699: 8696: 8694: 8691: 8690: 8689: 8688:Uniform beret 8685: 8682: 8680: 8676: 8673: 8671: 8668: 8666: 8663: 8661: 8658: 8656: 8653: 8651: 8648: 8646: 8643: 8639: 8636: 8635: 8634: 8631: 8629: 8626: 8624: 8621: 8619: 8616: 8614: 8611: 8609: 8606: 8604: 8601: 8599: 8596: 8594: 8593:Cap comforter 8591: 8589: 8586: 8584: 8581: 8579: 8576: 8574: 8571: 8569: 8566: 8564: 8561: 8559: 8556: 8554: 8551: 8549: 8546: 8545: 8543: 8541: 8537: 8531: 8528: 8526: 8523: 8521: 8518: 8516: 8513: 8509: 8506: 8504: 8501: 8500: 8499: 8496: 8492: 8489: 8488: 8487: 8484: 8482: 8479: 8477: 8474: 8473: 8471: 8469: 8465: 8459: 8456: 8454: 8451: 8449: 8446: 8442: 8439: 8438: 8437: 8434: 8433: 8431: 8429: 8425: 8417: 8414: 8413: 8412: 8409: 8407: 8404: 8402: 8399: 8395: 8392: 8391: 8390: 8387: 8383: 8380: 8379: 8378: 8375: 8373: 8370: 8368: 8365: 8363: 8360: 8358: 8355: 8353: 8350: 8348: 8347:Draped turban 8345: 8343: 8340: 8338: 8335: 8333: 8330: 8328: 8325: 8324: 8322: 8320: 8316: 8313: 8311: 8305: 8301: 8296: 8292: 8288: 8281: 8276: 8274: 8269: 8267: 8262: 8261: 8258: 8252: 8248: 8245: 8242: 8238: 8234: 8233: 8223: 8222: 8218: 8215: 8210: 8206: 8200: 8196: 8192: 8191: 8186: 8182: 8179: 8175: 8171: 8165: 8161: 8157: 8153: 8149: 8143: 8139: 8138: 8132: 8129: 8128: 8123: 8120: 8116: 8110: 8106: 8105: 8100: 8096: 8092: 8090:9960-717-32-1 8086: 8082: 8077: 8073: 8067: 8063: 8062: 8056: 8055: 8033: 8027: 8011: 8007: 8000: 7984: 7980: 7974: 7967: 7961: 7959: 7957: 7949: 7945: 7939: 7931: 7918: 7910: 7906: 7902: 7898: 7894: 7890: 7886: 7879: 7863: 7859: 7852: 7845: 7841: 7840: 7833: 7831: 7824: 7820: 7817: 7816: 7809: 7802: 7798: 7792: 7790: 7781: 7777: 7773: 7769: 7765: 7761: 7754: 7747: 7743: 7737: 7730: 7728: 7724: 7721: 7714: 7706: 7702: 7697: 7692: 7688: 7684: 7677: 7661: 7657: 7650: 7641: 7625: 7621: 7614: 7598: 7594: 7587: 7571: 7567: 7563: 7556: 7548: 7546:9781134032839 7542: 7538: 7537: 7529: 7521: 7517: 7513: 7509: 7505: 7501: 7493: 7477: 7473: 7467: 7451: 7447: 7443: 7436: 7421: 7420: 7415: 7408: 7400: 7388: 7373: 7369: 7362: 7347: 7343: 7336: 7328: 7322: 7314: 7310: 7304: 7296: 7292: 7286: 7278: 7274: 7268: 7260: 7256: 7249: 7233: 7229: 7225: 7221: 7217: 7210: 7194: 7188: 7172: 7169:(in German). 7168: 7164: 7157: 7149: 7145: 7140: 7135: 7131: 7127: 7120: 7104: 7100: 7096: 7089: 7087: 7085: 7083: 7066: 7062: 7058: 7051: 7049: 7032: 7028: 7024: 7017: 7015: 6998: 6994: 6990: 6984: 6968: 6964: 6958: 6942: 6938: 6934: 6927: 6925: 6923: 6921: 6904: 6900: 6896: 6889: 6873: 6869: 6865: 6858: 6842: 6838: 6834: 6828: 6812: 6808: 6802: 6786: 6782: 6778: 6772: 6756: 6752: 6748: 6742: 6726: 6722: 6716: 6700: 6696: 6692: 6685: 6683: 6666: 6662: 6655: 6639: 6635: 6629: 6613: 6609: 6608: 6603: 6597: 6581: 6577: 6573: 6567: 6551: 6547: 6541: 6525: 6521: 6515: 6499: 6495: 6491: 6485: 6478: 6472: 6466: 6465: 6460: 6455: 6439: 6435: 6429: 6422: 6409: 6405: 6401: 6395: 6379: 6372: 6357: 6353: 6346: 6330: 6326: 6322: 6315: 6313: 6304: 6298: 6291: 6287: 6284: 6280: 6275: 6267: 6261: 6245: 6241: 6234: 6226: 6224:9781137525703 6220: 6216: 6215: 6207: 6199: 6197:9781442203976 6193: 6189: 6188: 6180: 6178: 6161: 6157: 6151: 6143: 6141:9781589017528 6137: 6133: 6132: 6124: 6122: 6115: 6111: 6107: 6103: 6101: 6097: 6094: 6093: 6086: 6084: 6082: 6080: 6071: 6069:9781442605930 6065: 6061: 6060: 6052: 6044: 6042:9780745654683 6038: 6034: 6033: 6025: 6018:. 4 May 1990. 6017: 6011: 6003: 5997: 5981: 5977: 5970: 5962: 5958: 5951: 5943: 5939: 5935: 5931: 5924: 5922: 5920: 5903: 5899: 5892: 5890: 5888: 5886: 5884: 5867: 5863: 5857: 5842: 5838: 5837:"Cover Story" 5832: 5816: 5812: 5806: 5791: 5787: 5781: 5773: 5767: 5751: 5747: 5746: 5741: 5735: 5727: 5721: 5713: 5709: 5702: 5686: 5682: 5676: 5660: 5656: 5650: 5634: 5630: 5626: 5620: 5612: 5605: 5597: 5595:9781317067542 5591: 5587: 5583: 5576: 5567: 5559: 5553: 5549: 5544: 5543: 5534: 5526: 5519: 5511: 5509:9780195125580 5505: 5501: 5497: 5493: 5489: 5482: 5474: 5468: 5464: 5460: 5459: 5451: 5449: 5432: 5428: 5422: 5414: 5408: 5404: 5400: 5399: 5391: 5383: 5376: 5368: 5361: 5353: 5346: 5344: 5342: 5333: 5326: 5318: 5311: 5304: 5302: 5296: 5290: 5286: 5279: 5272: 5268: 5266:9788121004145 5262: 5258: 5251: 5243: 5239: 5232: 5224: 5220: 5213: 5197: 5191: 5189: 5181: 5168: 5162: 5143: 5136: 5129: 5127: 5125: 5123: 5121: 5119: 5110: 5103: 5095: 5088: 5086: 5084: 5075: 5068: 5052: 5048: 5042: 5027: 5023: 5016: 5000: 4996: 4992: 4986: 4970: 4966: 4962: 4956: 4940: 4936: 4932: 4928: 4927: 4922: 4915: 4899: 4895: 4891: 4884: 4868: 4864: 4857: 4841: 4837: 4830: 4814: 4810: 4806: 4799: 4783: 4779: 4775: 4769: 4753: 4749: 4745: 4741: 4737: 4730: 4728: 4712: 4711: 4706: 4699: 4684: 4683: 4678: 4671: 4655: 4651: 4644: 4628: 4624: 4620: 4614: 4598: 4594: 4590: 4583: 4567: 4563: 4556: 4554: 4537: 4533: 4526: 4524: 4522: 4520: 4503: 4499: 4495: 4489: 4487: 4485: 4476: 4470: 4462: 4458: 4457: 4449: 4440: 4425: 4423:9781575060200 4419: 4415: 4414: 4406: 4391: 4389:9781575060200 4385: 4381: 4380: 4372: 4357: 4355:9788178354569 4351: 4347: 4346: 4338: 4330: 4324: 4320: 4317:. New Haven: 4316: 4315: 4307: 4300: 4295: 4286: 4271: 4264: 4249: 4243: 4227: 4223: 4217: 4201: 4197: 4193: 4186: 4170: 4166: 4160: 4144: 4140: 4134: 4118: 4114: 4108: 4092: 4088: 4084: 4078: 4062: 4058: 4052: 4043: 4027: 4023: 4017: 4001: 3997: 3991: 3984:. p. 37. 3983: 3979: 3972: 3964: 3958: 3943: 3939: 3933: 3926: 3921: 3914: 3909: 3900: 3884: 3880: 3874: 3866: 3862: 3855: 3849: 3844: 3837: 3832: 3825: 3820: 3805: 3799: 3795: 3794: 3786: 3770: 3766: 3760: 3744: 3740: 3734: 3726: 3720: 3716: 3712: 3705: 3703: 3701: 3699: 3690: 3688:9781780744681 3684: 3680: 3679: 3671: 3663: 3657: 3651: 3644: 3638: 3633: 3627: 3622: 3616: 3609: 3601: 3597: 3591: 3575: 3571: 3564: 3562: 3545: 3541: 3537: 3531: 3524:. p. 59. 3523: 3519: 3512: 3504: 3500: 3493: 3491: 3489: 3481:. p. 67. 3480: 3476: 3469: 3461: 3457: 3450: 3448: 3432: 3428: 3421: 3412: 3410: 3402:. 5 May 2019. 3401: 3395: 3386: 3367: 3363: 3359: 3355: 3351: 3347: 3340: 3339: 3331: 3329: 3327: 3319: 3315: 3309: 3307: 3299: 3295: 3289: 3287: 3270: 3266: 3262: 3255: 3253: 3244: 3242:9781610447683 3238: 3234: 3233: 3225: 3223: 3221: 3219: 3211: 3205: 3203: 3186: 3182: 3181:The Economist 3178: 3172: 3170: 3163: 3159: 3156: 3153: 3151:, Kyrgystan: 3150: 3147: 3144: 3140: 3137: 3134: 3131: 3128: 3124: 3121: 3118: 3114: 3111: 3109: 3106: 3104: 3101: 3099: 3097: 3095: 3093: 3089: 3086: 3084: 3081: 3077: 3074: 3072: 3070: 3068: 3065: 3063: 3061: 3057: 3054: 3051: 3047: 3044: 3039: 3023: 3019: 3015: 3009: 2993: 2989: 2985: 2978: 2976: 2968: 2963: 2948: 2941: 2933: 2929: 2923: 2914: 2905: 2896: 2887: 2880: 2874: 2866: 2859: 2857: 2855: 2839: 2837:9780300055832 2833: 2829: 2828: 2820: 2818: 2810: 2809: 2804: 2799: 2797: 2795: 2793: 2791: 2782: 2780:9780195305135 2776: 2772: 2768: 2764: 2757: 2755: 2753: 2751: 2749: 2747: 2745: 2743: 2741: 2739: 2737: 2735: 2733: 2731: 2729: 2713: 2709: 2702: 2700: 2684: 2680: 2673: 2658: 2654: 2647: 2628: 2622: 2620: 2603: 2599: 2593: 2591: 2589: 2581:(4): 353–366. 2580: 2576: 2572: 2565: 2563: 2554: 2548: 2540: 2534: 2530: 2529: 2521: 2514: 2508: 2500: 2498:9780761927297 2494: 2490: 2486: 2482: 2481: 2473: 2471: 2469: 2467: 2451: 2450: 2445: 2438: 2431: 2429: 2425: 2421: 2417: 2413: 2408: 2402: 2398: 2391: 2375: 2371: 2365: 2357: 2351: 2347: 2346: 2338: 2330: 2328:9789811616532 2324: 2320: 2319: 2311: 2296: 2289: 2274: 2270: 2263: 2259: 2240: 2236: 2232: 2226: 2217: 2213: 2203: 2199: 2195: 2191: 2190: 2185: 2183: 2179: 2175: 2171: 2167: 2163: 2159: 2157: 2154: 2152: 2149: 2147: 2144: 2142: 2139: 2137: 2134: 2132: 2129: 2127: 2124: 2122: 2119: 2118: 2114: 2103: 2100: 2089: 2082: 2079: 2078:event founded 2073: 2069: 2059: 2055: 2051: 2048: 2044: 2043: 2037: 2035: 2029: 2025: 2021: 2017: 2015: 2011: 2005: 1995: 1993: 1988: 1985: 1980: 1978: 1974: 1970: 1965: 1963: 1959: 1950: 1948: 1943: 1940: 1936: 1932: 1922: 1920: 1915: 1913: 1909: 1905: 1901: 1897: 1896:United States 1892: 1888: 1882: 1872: 1870: 1865: 1863: 1858: 1853: 1849: 1847: 1843: 1838: 1835: 1829: 1827: 1823: 1816: 1811: 1802: 1800: 1796: 1792: 1788: 1783: 1781: 1776: 1773: 1769: 1766: 1762: 1761:Kashf-e hijab 1758: 1754: 1739: 1737: 1733: 1728: 1725: 1721: 1719: 1715: 1711: 1706: 1704: 1700: 1696: 1694: 1686: 1682: 1677: 1673: 1670: 1666: 1664: 1660: 1656: 1652: 1648: 1638: 1630: 1625: 1615: 1613: 1608: 1605: 1600: 1598: 1590: 1586: 1582: 1578: 1575: 1571: 1565: 1562: 1558: 1530: 1528: 1524: 1520: 1516: 1512: 1508: 1500: 1496: 1491: 1482: 1480: 1476: 1472: 1468: 1463: 1459: 1456: 1446: 1444: 1439: 1428: 1424: 1420: 1418: 1417: 1412: 1408: 1403: 1401: 1397: 1393: 1389: 1385: 1380: 1376: 1372: 1368: 1364: 1360: 1356: 1352: 1348: 1341: 1340:Vestal Virgin 1336: 1332: 1330: 1326: 1325: 1320: 1319: 1310: 1305: 1301: 1299: 1295: 1289: 1286: 1276: 1271: 1256: 1252: 1250: 1246: 1237: 1233: 1229: 1227: 1222: 1216: 1214: 1210: 1206: 1202: 1201:Ebrahim Raisi 1197: 1192: 1186: 1182: 1178: 1174: 1171: 1170: 1165: 1161: 1160: 1150: 1146: 1130: 1126: 1116: 1113: 1111: 1106: 1102: 1098: 1094: 1089: 1086: 1079: 1075: 1071: 1067: 1063: 1061: 1057: 1053: 1048: 1044: 1041:According to 1039: 1036: 1032: 1027: 1018: 1016: 1012: 1008: 1003: 1001: 993: 989: 983:Miscellaneous 980: 977: 974: 963: 961: 957: 953: 948: 945: 943: 939: 934: 932: 928: 924: 920: 916: 912: 908: 895: 891: 887: 884: 880: 878: 871: 867: 865: 861: 860: 853: 840: 836: 814: 813: 811: 797: 796: 791:فَاخْتَمَرْنَ 788: 784: 780: 776: 773: 772: 771: 767: 764: 758: 756: 750: 748: 744: 740: 736: 730: 728: 724: 720: 716: 712: 708: 698: 696: 691: 687: 682: 677: 674: 670: 666: 662: 658: 653: 650: 646: 642: 638: 634: 630: 626: 622: 618: 614: 608: 604: 602: 598: 593: 591: 579: 574: 572: 567: 565: 560: 559: 557: 556: 551: 548: 546: 543: 541: 538: 536: 535:Kashf-e hijab 533: 531: 528: 526: 523: 522: 521: 520: 516: 515: 510: 507: 505: 502: 500: 497: 495: 492: 490: 487: 485: 482: 480: 477: 476: 475: 474: 470: 469: 464: 461: 459: 456: 454: 451: 449: 446: 444: 441: 439: 436: 434: 431: 429: 426: 424: 421: 419: 416: 414: 411: 410: 409: 408: 405: 402: 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Retrieved 8026: 8014:. Retrieved 7999: 7989:13 September 7987:. Retrieved 7973: 7965: 7947: 7943: 7938: 7917:cite journal 7878: 7866:. Retrieved 7862:the original 7851: 7846:(4), 146-157 7843: 7837: 7814: 7808: 7800: 7796: 7763: 7759: 7753: 7745: 7741: 7736: 7718: 7713: 7686: 7682: 7676: 7664:. Retrieved 7658:. BBC News. 7649: 7640: 7628:. Retrieved 7613: 7601:. Retrieved 7586: 7574:. Retrieved 7565: 7555: 7535: 7528: 7503: 7499: 7492: 7480:. Retrieved 7466: 7454:. Retrieved 7445: 7435: 7425:15 September 7423:. Retrieved 7417: 7407: 7395:|last1= 7375:. Retrieved 7371: 7361: 7349:. Retrieved 7345: 7335: 7321: 7312: 7303: 7294: 7285: 7276: 7267: 7259:Toronto Star 7258: 7248: 7236:. Retrieved 7219: 7209: 7197:. Retrieved 7187: 7175:. Retrieved 7167:Tageblatt.lu 7166: 7156: 7129: 7125: 7119: 7107:. Retrieved 7099:The Guardian 7098: 7069:. Retrieved 7061:The Guardian 7060: 7035:. Retrieved 7026: 7001:. Retrieved 6993:The Local.fr 6992: 6983: 6971:. Retrieved 6957: 6945:. 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2428:ghoonghat 2412:Ghoonghat 2254:Citations 2192:(Hindu), 2189:ghoonghat 2174:tagelmust 1891:Karnataka 1867:In 2019, 1757:Reza Shah 1589:Taekwondo 1416:ghoonghat 1283:explicit 1213:The Times 1095:(such as 1007:nakedness 886:concubine 818:الدِّرْعِ 804:In prayer 679:The word 673:Ibn Arabi 617:Ibn Abbas 438:Indonesia 413:Australia 380:Selendang 295:Battoulah 196:Etymology 190:belonging 124:seclusion 104:The term 34:romanized 10689:Islamism 10655:Category 10260:Politics 10201:Feathers 10155:Gamsbart 10130:Aigrette 10034:Khăn vấn 9964:Cornette 9959:Chaperon 9912:headwear 9901:Yanggwan 9881:Tyrolean 9836:Tanggeon 9769:Sombrero 9729:Rastacap 9709:Pashteen 9624:Keffiyeh 9514:Coonskin 9509:Coloured 9489:Blangkon 9469:Bell-boy 9347:Phrygian 9337:Fontange 9312:Cavalier 9307:Capotain 9302:Bycocket 9245:Swimming 9186:Baseball 9179:facekini 9141:Umbrella 9136:Tin foil 9119:Monmouth 8904:mantilla 8879:Capuchon 8869:Capirote 8811:Tricorne 8623:Doctoral 8588:Campaign 8553:Bearskin 8540:Uniforms 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BBC. 5898:"Ḥijāb" 5488:"Hijab" 5173:8 April 4873:21 July 4819:24 June 4429:8 April 4395:8 April 4361:8 April 3947:13 July 3848:32:4090 3400:"ح ج ب" 3191:13 July 2424:dupatta 2300:4 April 2182:yashmak 2166:paranja 1900:Bahrain 1857:schools 1842:burqini 1826:Maaseik 1780:Tunisia 1732:Taliban 1681:chadors 1527:Atatürk 1475:harabah 1409:, some 1405:In the 1259:History 1078:Taliban 1000:mahrams 960:shaylah 923:Hanbali 915:Shafi'i 883:Ottoman 829:transl. 825: 779:32:4091 715:sahabah 707:Hadiths 661:Sahabah 489:Fahisha 418:Britain 395:Yashmak 375:Safseri 370:Paranja 355:Kurhars 335:Jilbaab 305:Burkini 300:Boshiya 263:Islamic 82:dupatta 36:: 10534:(wife) 10524:Family 10211:Hatpin 10165:Lappet 10160:Hackle 10099:Turban 10094:Tudong 10089:Tichel 10039:Litham 10019:Hogeon 9984:Emamah 9974:Do-rag 9969:Dastar 9954:Chador 9934:Bonnet 9929:Birrus 9851:Tembel 9816:Šubara 9764:Sindhi 9754:Shyade 9739:Salako 9604:Kalpak 9599:Jobawi 9569:Gandhi 9559:Fulani 9504:Chullo 9499:Chapan 9392:Pileus 9382:Pamela 9377:Modius 9357:Kausia 9352:Hennin 9282:Beaver 9155:Sports 9131:Shower 9097:Cowboy 9087:Bucket 9082:Breton 9077:Bobble 9067:Beanie 9052:Animal 9044:Casual 9025:Spodik 9020:Kolpik 9015:Kippah 9005:Jewish 8997:Jewish 8983:Skufia 8961:Klobuk 8938:Shovel 8909:wimple 8889:Galero 8784:Slouch 8740:sailor 8730:Peaked 8725:Patrol 8708:maroon 8650:Hardee 8633:Forage 8618:Czapka 8573:Boonie 8515:Panama 8491:trilby 8486:Fedora 8458:Buntal 8453:Bowler 8448:Boater 8372:Juliet 8332:Cloche 8319:Formal 8201: 8166: 8144: 8111: 8087: 8068: 7907: 7899: 7778: 7693: 7543: 7518: 7238:31 May 7226: 7177:18 May 7136: 6221: 6194: 6138: 6112: 6066: 6039: 5592: 5554: 5506: 5469: 5409: 5291: 5263: 4933: 4746: 4420: 4386: 4352: 4325: 3800: 3721: 3685: 3580:1 June 3239: 2834: 2777: 2535: 2495: 2414:(also 2403: 2352: 2325: 2202:tichel 2178:tudong 2170:purdah 2131:Purdah 2045:. The 1805:Europe 1772:Turkey 1718:Sharia 1687:, Iran 1685:Shiraz 1574:wimple 1570:Sahwah 1511:hippie 1471:muslin 1318:tzniut 1245:chador 1226:türban 1221:türban 1185:türban 1181:Iriana 1169:chador 1070:Afghan 1035:khimar 1031:khimar 956:khimār 952:jilbāb 919:Maliki 911:Hanafi 890:sharia 877:cariye 701:Hadith 657:jilbab 625:jilbab 615:cites 613:Tabari 601:Medina 545:Wimple 509:Zenana 504:Purdah 463:Turkey 433:France 423:Canada 390:Tudong 385:Shayla 365:Niqaab 360:Mukena 350:Khimar 320:Chador 315:Çarşaf 266:female 225:jilbāb 220:khimār 210:Qur'an 154:Arabic 149:khimār 144:khimār 140:jilbab 116:Qur'an 78:wimple 54:tichel 25:Arabic 10699:Islam 10674:Hijab 10558:(son) 10540:(son) 10470:Books 10180:Visor 10170:Plume 10084:Sudra 10079:Snood 10074:Roach 10064:Pheta 10054:Pagri 10049:Niqāb 10014:Hijab 10004:Gulle 9999:Gugel 9944:Burqa 9896:Welsh 9876:Tuque 9861:Topor 9856:Tokin 9811:Straw 9699:Pakol 9629:Kofia 9589:Jaapi 9564:Futou 9554:Fujin 9534:Dutch 9529:Doppa 9412:Witch 9407:Toque 9332:Dunce 9297:Boyar 9223:Rally 9126:Party 9109:Fruit 9072:Beret 9057:Ascot 8916:Mitre 8757:Shako 8703:green 8693:black 8583:Busby 8568:Black 8416:opera 8394:peach 7897:S2CID 7776:S2CID 6380:. 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