493:
547:
2361:"His selfless devotion to duty was acknowledged by the award of a Sitara-e-Jurat (along with Cecil and Yunus), as well as a Hilal-e-Jurat. PAF Base, Rafiqui (Shorkot), named after him, rekindles the spirit of his chivalry. (Sarfaraz Rafiqui Welfare Trust, based on 77 acres of prime agricultural land in Faisalabad Division, continues to benefit the poor and the needy. The land, given by the Government of Pakistan as recompense with the awards of HJ & SJ, was most generously bequeathed by Sarfaraz-s parents for the Trust, which is administered by the PAF)"
519:
2247:
which is a measly amount for someone’s life – for someone who sacrificed his life for others and is nothing less than a national hero Sadly the state too has not shown its appreciation of such a man who saved the lives of so many especially in a time when they are most ill-equipped and the prime targets Its individuals like Faisal Khan who make the difference but get little acknowledgement. When will the government realise that their faces are saved from public humiliation because of the sacrifice of many Faisal Khans
533:
2126:
2096:
2066:
2036:
1993:
1957:
1929:
1896:
1865:
1835:
1796:
1766:
1736:
1709:
1674:
1638:
1605:
1570:
1534:
1493:
1457:
1424:
1381:
2156:
4222:
45:
4098:
507:
344:, political and financial benefits. Land and pensions are awarded as recompense for serving in the Army of Pakistan on behalf of the State for acts of "valour and courage" during battle against the enemy. As of 2003 it was revealed that cash rewards have replaced land being given to the recipient under new defence housing schemes, which had taken place for the duration of the past twelve years perpetrated by the army, which was accounted to the
158:
177:
130:
2374:"(Group Captain Kaiser Tufail was commissioned in 1975. He has flown virtually all types of combat aircraft in PAF including the F-16. He commanded a Mirage Squadron and later a Flying Wing. A graduate of Air War College, he has also been on its faculty. He holds a Master-s degree in Strategic Studies. For his meritorious services he has been awarded Tamgha-e-Imtiaz (Military) by the Government of Pakistan.)".
2191:
2853:"--said that no allotment of land was being made to the army personnel on receiving gallantry awards. However, cash awards, attached to the military awards, were given to them. Winner of Nishan-i-Haider is awarded Rs 1 million, Hilal-i-Jura’t Rs 500,000, Sitar-i-Jura’at Rs 400,000, Tamgha-i-Jura’at 300,000, Sitar-i-Basalat 200,000 and Tamgha-i-Basalat Rs 100,000.
679:), then this would mean "one square of land" is the equivalent of 25.41 acres (0.1028 km), making "two squares of land" equal to 50.82 acres (0.2057 km). The method of calculating the sums is detailed as below with two sources being taken in for consideration to calculate the land awardances on a logical basis.
2294:
The Nishan-i-Haider has been given to ten people officially since conception in 1957, some have received it before its official creation when it was given posthumously soon after 1957, when it was made into law. Prior to this, under the
British Honours System soldiers who displayed the utmost valiant
1193:
Brigadier
Saadullah, who had fought gallantly in East Pakistan and then added a humanitarian dimension to the military's brutal tussle with the Baloch was prematurely retired on the pretext of 'being too religious' by a General who would go on to topple his beloved prime minister on the pretext that
2246:
Despite the poor conditions of the police and the faulty hierarchic and bureaucratic system in the police force, he sank with his ship. But was he acknowledged by the state as a hero? Certainly not. Prime
Minister’s adviser on Interior Senator Rehman Malik had announced Rs 150,000 for his family –
656:
As well as commanding respect and admiration the Hilal-i-Ju'rat holds huge financial benefits for the recipient including land being given to the awardee. In accordance with
Pakistan Law the recipient of the Hilal-i-Ju'rat is granted "two squares of land" according to retired Major General of the
647:
Khan had adamament dreams of joining the military in his youth or the police force. Whilst he was a police officer he was said to have wanted to "die in the line of duty", serving in the military for his country; many of his colleagues felt that this was a viable reason for him qualifying for the
2835:
1261:
His equipment malfunctioned and subsequently he was left in a position to attempt to lure enemy pilots away from concentrating fire on the two fully functioning jets left on the battlefield. Taking on heavy fire during the air attack on 6 September, he was finally brought down and crashed in the
2257:
Controversy arose when this amount was seen as not being nearly enough for what he had done, and that the thirty-year-old Khan deserved more for his sacrifice such as gaining the prestigious Hilal-i-Jur'at for his duty in guarding the station. In memory, because of his aspirations in wanting to
1269:
The mission he was sent on went awry as the result of his guns jamming mid-battle, and as the fighting commenced IAF pilot, Flight
Lieutenant DN Rathore of 27th Squadron, shot down his fighter jet after Rafiqui's unit caused significant damage to the enemy. It is reported eight Hunters and five
1070:
1293:. Chaudhry was the only survivor left who made it back to the home airbase. Pakistan's third airbase, the Rafiqui Airbase (Shorkot Cantonment), is named after Sarfaraz. His body was never found and still lies somewhere around the Halwara Airbase where the battle took place.
870:
485:
lettering in gold. The ribbon attached to the golden bar is made up of three stripes, totalling two colours (two red and one green) that have been placed on the gallantary award. On the official
Pakistan Army website the colour insignia is seen as being red, green, and red.
1083:, that the gallantry awards have major cash rewards for the recipients and in the last twelve years this has replaced land awardances given to the recipient under defence housing schemes, which was reported in 2003 to the National Assembly of Pakistan. Rs. 500,000 rupees (
2594:
1254:, considered a national hero in the region, was bestowed the award after a war between neighbouring countries Pakistan and India erupted. He earned the prestigious award for bravely fighting and defending his pilots against the Indian Air Force during the
1270:
pilots were destroyed, which included the defeat of the IAF Squadron Leader Ajit Kumar 'Peter' Rawlley of the 7th
Squadron of the Indian Air Forces. Rafiqui's qualification for the posthumous honour was enhanced as a direct result of the prestigious
378:. According to the official army website of Pakistan the award is given for "acts of valour, courage or devotion to duty, performed on land, at sea or in the air in the face of the enemy". The recipient of the award is able to use the distinguished
2333:"I want to ask the honourable Parliamentary Secretary to state the reason of inscribing Arabic script the titles Nishan-e-Haider, Hilal-e-Juraat, Sitara-e-Juraat, Sitara-e-Basalat and Tamgha-e-Basalat, which are words of the Persian language..."
1094:
in 1999, however, land was given to those that participated in the war and to those that gained gallantry awards. The Kargil
Conflict was the only exception to this when it came to the land awards when the housing schemes were taking place.
1178:, the only living soldier in Pakistan Army's history to have been recommended for Nishan-e-Haider for the demonstration of unmatched gallantry in 1971 war. His book "From East Pakistan to Bangladesh", guides the army's textbook curriculum.
1298:
Rafiqui, HJ, SJ, (Shaheed) was my role model. As a matter of fact he was the role model for a large number of pilots in the PAF. He was a born leader and officers like him you come across once in a lifetime. As a pilot he was the best.
420:
there was a debate on why the names were given in
Persian but were spelled in Arabic as some politicians were not entirely sure other medals made were inscribed of words from the Arabic language in the decade that it was made official.
2258:
always "join the army or police force" in his youth and adult life, some thought he deserved the gallantry award in honour for what he did in protecting and saving the lives of many people around the area. The police force decided to
2600:
671:
Squadron Leader
Safaraz was said to have received seventy-seven acres (0.3116 km) of land, which was later donated to a charity to benefit the poor and needy, for both his Hilal-i-Ju'rat and the Sitara-i-Ju'rat medals.
3648:
Unable to trace this award in the London Gazette, except to a Captain, Acting Major Mohamad Aslam Khan (SF 840), Indian States Forces in the London Gazette 22 March 1945 for Burma (award with 4 Jammu and Kashmir
886:
3036:
The Story of My Struggle (Autobiography of a retired major general of the Pakistan Army, who was tried and imprisoned in 1980 on charges of trying to overthrow Gen. Zia-ul-Haq's martial law government.)
689:
1243:
2419:
633:
and causing massive widespread casualties. The journalist covering the incident wrote about the anger felt in the community, particularly from the policeman whom Faisal Khan worked with:
2285:
Various official sources that are highly reputable spell the name of the medal differently, so the Pakistan Army website spelling is being taken as the official spelling construction.
1117:
Several high-profile generals of the Pakistan army have received the Hilal-i-Jur'at medal, who've gone on to make successful careers in the army and in Pakistani politics including
2328:"The Parliamentary Secretary has said that the language inscribed on the military medals instituted by the President is in Arabic. May I know whether Sitara-i-Jurat is Arabic..."
675:
Mathematically, if the seventy seven acres is divided and the sums calculated, one square of land, which was awarded to the Sitara-i-Jur'at recipient (according to the book
3584:
4152:
622:
challenged the eligibility requirements by campaigning for the medal to be given to Faisal Khan, a police officer, who gave up his life by successfully preventing an
3911:
The late Col Husain, who served in the army as a commanding officer, put up a valiant fight on the battlefield in the 1971 war. He was decorated with Hilal-i-Jurat
2234:
which could have arisin if Khan didn't stop the man going towards the branch. The building was described as being "poorly guarded" at the time. Khan only received
2008:
1616:
1514:
473:
It is a circular golden medal, surrounded by ten bundles of golden leaves with the Islamic crescent and star at its centre, suspended from a golden bar that reads
4046:
2348:"This award is conferrable on officers only, for acts of valour, courage or devotion to duty, performed on land, at sea or in the air in the face of the enemy..."
600:
This award is conferrable on officers only, for acts of valour, courage or devotion to duty, performed on land, at sea or in the air in the face of the enemy. –
2202:
On 23 March 2009, Faisal Khan, who was outside the gates of the "G-7 special police branch", was killed when he stopped and refused to let go of an apparent
4353:
1224:
was also bestowed a Hilal e Jurat for his contributions in the 1965 war; he later defected from Pakistan Army in 1971, and subsequently became the seventh
3155:
2994:
2830:{\displaystyle \mathrm {2\ Squares\ of\ Land} =({\frac {\mathrm {77\ acres} }{\mathrm {3\ Squares\ of\ Land} }})\cdot 2\ Squares\ of\ Land\ =50.82\ acres}
4161:
3197:
1246:
Portrait of Squadron Leader Sarfaraz Ahmed Rafiqui, recipient of the Hilal-i-Jur'at, earned owing to his exceptional stance during the 1965 Indo-Pak War
3401:
546:
607:
The recipients of the medal are allowed to use the honorific post nominal title letters "HJ" after their names as stated again by the Pakistan Army:
302:
level only and it is only allowed to be given to the Army (excluding paramilitary personnel), Navy and Air-force. The award after this honour is the
3757:
3607:
236:
2215:
492:
4145:
518:
637:...So sad is the situation that the police have to submit a recommendation for an award 'Hilal-i-Jurrat' and more money for his brave feat...
428:
and had as such come under the British honours system. When the award was established, however, it was instituted retrospectively back to the
374:
Established on 16 March 1957, the award was founded in celebration of Pakistan becoming a Republic and was formally given award status by the
532:
276:
4011:
394:
329:
to date. The medallion has been given to many famous Pakistani army personnel, including many national heroes. Most notably, well known
295:
3853:
2242:
1107.68 or $ 1753.41 or €1300.87 as of September 2010), which was given to his siblings, as he had no parents nor a family of his own.
2230:
by the country. Although the bomber did kill several people, it was thought he could have done more damage by causing a high number of
4138:
3325:
1281:
where he received it five months after graduating, leading him to be apportioned the penultimate gallantry award from the state, the
1065:{\displaystyle \mathrm {2\ Squares\ of\ Land} =({\frac {\mathrm {77\ acres} }{\mathrm {3\ Squares\ of\ Land} }})\cdot 2=50.82\ acres}
4348:
865:{\displaystyle \mathrm {1\ Square\ of\ Land} =({\frac {\mathrm {77\ acres} }{\mathrm {3\ Squares\ of\ Land} }})\cdot 1=25.41\ acres}
4363:
1144:, the first military ruler of Pakistan who became a controversial figure towards the end of his presidency, serving as the second
4113:
1087:
3679.98 or $ 5824.13, or €4317.5 as of September 2010) are given as recompense for obtaining the Hilal-i-Ju'rat during service.
2262:
against the low sum of money that was given to him by submitting a recommendation for him to receive the Hilal-i-Jur'at to the
3503:
2589:{\displaystyle \mathrm {1\ Square\ of\ Land} =({\frac {\mathrm {77\ acres} }{\mathrm {3\ Squares\ of\ Land} }})=25.41\ acres}
2409:
Multiply (77 acres divided by 3) altogether by 2 and this gives the 2 Squares of Land in acres for the Hilal-i-Jur'at medal.
1813:
1510:
596:. The following is an extract, a word for word statement stating the eligibility of the medal on the Pakistan Army website.
3495:
Pakistan's Drift into Extremism: Allah, the Army, and America's War on Terror: Allah, the Army, and America's War on Terror
618:
Although there rules are clear, there have been some challenges to change the rules. In March 2009 a group of policeman in
3740:
3129:
2398:
his Sitara-i-Jur'at and Hilal-i-Jur'at medals. This is the equivalent of 3 Squares of land altogether when added up.
465:
in 1947 the unit had been given British gallantry awards which suggests the Hilal-i-Jur'at didn't exist at the time.
3984:
3957:
3810:
1258:
in which he participated to the end. He was shot down over the Indian air base in the final moments of air warfare.
3700:
3374:
3347:
325:
Unlike the Nishan-e-Haider, the Hilal-e-Jurat is the highest military award thus far that has been given to living
3879:
63:"...acts of valour, courage or devotion to duty, performed on land, at sea or in the air in the face of the enemy"
1445:
1209:
for his duty in standing his ground during an ambush by the Indian army near Pakistan's modern day border, near
3441:
3159:
3006:
1121:, who was known as the second most powerful man in Pakistan during the 1980s, known for being the head of the
4123:
4050:
3932:
1968:
1907:
1644:
1576:
1398:
1122:
386:
291:
2971:
3765:
1271:
1255:
1169:
437:
345:
243:
out of a total of four gallantry awards that were created in 1957. In order of rank it comes after the
506:
4040:
4038:
4036:
3836:
3730:
3660:
3633:
3567:
3424:
1481:
1430:
1141:
3545:
2190:
1626:
436:
in 1947—and it was subsequently conferred on a number of Pakistani officers for service during the
369:
4033:
2406:
77 acres divided by 3 Squares of Land will give you the land in acres given for 1 square of land.
1217:
until his last breath when he was fatally wounded twice during battle with Indian armed soldiers.
4358:
1593:
1225:
207:
4072:
3303:
3732:
The betrayal of East Pakistan (Chiefly an account of events leading to the birth of Bangladesh)
2263:
2054:
1853:
1251:
1237:
1206:
661:
565:
390:
299:
262:
3113:
3034:
3493:
2958:
1145:
457:
was congratulated in 2004 by the president. In the article it was emphasized that before the
375:
287:
4130:
3857:
2392:
1 Square of Land is awarded for the Sitara-i-Jur'at, 2 Squares of Land for the Hilal-Jur'at.
1304:– Group Captain Cecil Chaudhry, SJ when asked who was his role model and inspiration (2001).
385:
letters "HJ" after his or her name. The apportion is considered to be the equivalent to the
1558:
361:
8:
3841:. Vol. 31. Pakistan: Pakistan Institute of International Affairs. 1978. p. 135.
3282:
3261:
1524:
1412:
1242:
1157:
1118:
1104:
577:
417:
357:
580:, are the only eligible potential recipients for the award. It is conferred for acts of
3028:
3026:
3024:
2320:
1902:
1889:
1858:
1697:
1667:
1631:
1563:
1499:
1387:
1263:
1184:
He was seen as being an oddball and 'soft on Bengalis,’ fought the hardest in the war.
1112:
458:
429:
425:
1262:
airfield. His parents were informed he was given the honour in a telegram sent by the
1181:
He was a charismatic person. Upright, handsome, soft-spoken and very, very spiritual.
3736:
3499:
3467:
3239:
2144:
2114:
1754:
365:
3084:
3021:
2920:
449:, the Guards Battalion, was mentioned which emphasized that they had earned several
4324:
4273:
4265:
4257:
4249:
4241:
2084:
1999:
1823:
1504:
1214:
1080:
478:
444:
409:
401:
2897:
2182:
During the Bangladesh War of 1971 several HJs were given out and later retracted.
648:
Hilal-i-Jur'at since he didn't receive any gallantry award, only a cash lump sum.
4316:
4308:
4292:
4175:
4103:
3572:. Vol. 17. East Pakistan Police Co-operative Society. 1969. pp. 29, 31.
2235:
2059:
1685:
1662:
1581:
1369:
1091:
482:
405:
244:
164:
3906:
3787:
3057:
1187:
He was recommended for a Nishan e Haider but was awarded Hilal e Jurat instead.
4300:
4199:
4191:
3002:
2203:
2125:
2095:
2065:
2035:
1992:
1950:
1871:
1652:
1402:
1290:
1286:
1129:'s presidency. The ISI is the equivalence of the British intelligence service,
630:
626:
573:
454:
450:
313:
303:
266:
258:
254:
183:
98:
4342:
4207:
4183:
3961:
3115:
Debates: official report, Volume 3, Issues 4–12 (Pakistan. National Assembly)
2119:
2029:
2025:
1956:
1928:
1922:
1895:
1864:
1834:
1795:
1789:
1765:
1759:
1735:
1708:
1673:
1637:
1604:
1598:
1569:
1533:
1492:
1486:
1456:
1450:
1423:
1380:
1374:
1198:
1161:
1153:
658:
569:
330:
197:
136:
20:
3283:"Wolfram Alpha Search Calculation Based on Tajammul Hussain Malik's Account"
3262:"Wolfram Alpha Search Calculation Based on Tajammul Hussain Malik's Account"
4065:
2207:
2149:
1963:
1221:
1190:
It is also believed that Saadullah never appreciated Zia's role in Jordan.
382:
3133:
611:
The recipient has the privilege to add the letters "HJ" after his name. –
337:
and lieutenants of the Pakistan Armed Forces have all received the medal.
3988:
3958:"PAF s' Chief of the Air Staffs Air Marshal M Nur Khan, HJ, HS, HQA, SPk"
3814:
2155:
2089:
1986:
1802:
1540:
280:
3704:
3677:
3519:
3378:
3351:
1213:(of which it was later renamed after him). He was said to have held the
2231:
1784:
1680:
1165:
1149:
1126:
1108:
341:
326:
3393:
424:
Pakistan became a republic in 1956. Prior to that Pakistan had been a
44:
4018:
2226:, especially the local police, who thought Khan deserved being given
2223:
2219:
2211:
1828:
1729:
1702:
1417:
619:
379:
334:
286:
It was created and declared for official use on 16 March 1957 by the
265:
and the United States Honors System, respectively) coming before the
4047:"Cop killed in suicide attack on Special Branch office in Islamabad"
4012:"Group Captain Cecil Chaudhry, SJ: An Interview with a War Hero ..."
3191:
3189:
3187:
3185:
3183:
3181:
3179:
3177:
4221:
3576:
2004:
1981:
1392:
1278:
462:
433:
240:
71:
4118:
157:
3174:
2259:
2222:. After he was killed many around the area were thankful for his
1468:
1463:
589:
585:
581:
340:
The award holds significant benefits for the recipient including
176:
3627:
3625:
129:
3635:
The wardens of the marches: a history of the Piffers, 1947–1971
2195:
1807:
1545:
1285:
after the 1965 war had ended. He, along with his subordinates,
1202:
623:
290:. The Hilal-i-Ju'rat is considered to be the equivalent of the
3925:
3052:
3050:
3048:
3046:
2989:
2987:
2985:
2983:
2981:
2252:
Nosheen Abbas, documenting the life Faisal Khan, 3 April 2009.
298:. The medal is only conferrable to those who are ranked at an
4160:
3622:
3118:. Pakistan: Manager of Publications. 1966. pp. 527, 528.
3108:
3106:
2267:
1210:
408:. This was unusual since the major languages of Pakistan are
3296:
3085:"Republic of Pakistan: Crescent of Courage (Hilal-i-Jur'at)"
2270:
for the state in not recognising Khan as a "national hero".
553:
The golden medallion displayed. 10 bundles of golden leaves.
3982:
3758:"Op-ed: The courageous Pak army stand on the eastern front"
3599:
3304:"Wolfram Alpha Exchange Rates (September 2010 Calculation)"
3043:
2978:
2227:
642:
Nosheen Abbas, Journalist covering the life of Faisal Khan.
593:
413:
3749:
3103:
2239:
1084:
539:
The golden bar and the suspension decoration as displayed.
525:
The golden bar display, Arabic lettering, Persian wording.
3122:
1134:
1130:
4049:. Pakistan, Islamabad: DailyTimes.com.pk. Archived from
3446:
Latest News, Today's Paper and Daily ePaper – The Nation
3326:"Comments on Ongoing Debate about ISI in the Afghan War"
1201:
who died during service and were given the medal in the
1148:
between 1958 and 1969, also received the award. Notably
3952:
3950:
3983:
A. Khan (Air Chief Marshal), Jamal (13 October 2003).
3780:
2892:
2603:
2422:
889:
692:
443:
One particular unit that appeared in an article from
4093:
3947:
2890:
2888:
2886:
2884:
2882:
2880:
2878:
2876:
2874:
2872:
3976:
3724:
3722:
3546:"The Challenge: Pakistan Attacks Indian Air Fields"
3373:Faridi, Firozuddin Ahmed Faridi (11 October 2002).
3829:
3692:
3652:
2829:
2588:
1969:North-West Frontier Province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
1064:
864:
19:"Jurrat" redirects here. For the Indian film, see
4003:
3845:
3429:. pakistan: Pakistan Defence Journal. p. 49.
3350:. Pakistan: Dawn.com. 21 May 2003. Archived from
3340:
3317:
3233:
3231:
3229:
3227:
3225:
3223:
3221:
3219:
3058:"27 defence housing schemes launched in 12 years"
2869:
4340:
3719:
3485:
3275:
3254:
3880:"1965 war was a milestone in country's history"
3079:
3077:
3075:
2198:where his main body parts lay, after the blast.
3802:
3442:"'Pak Army could resist Indians for 6 months'"
3216:
2898:"Pakistan Defence Forces (Pakistanpaedia.com)"
2295:acts of bravery were given the Victoria Cross.
4146:
4073:"Wolfram Alpha Exchange Rates Calculation #2"
3669:
3540:
3538:
3536:
3366:
1309:
559:
3898:
3459:
3433:
3132:. Dawn.com. 11 November 2004. Archived from
3072:
2279:
1079:It was revealed by the Pakistan news agency
4354:Military awards and decorations of Pakistan
2999:("Honours and Awards" as originally titled)
2288:
400:The names of the medals originate from the
4211:(Mention in Despatches; 5th highest award)
4153:
4139:
3935:. World Affairs and Beyond. 17 August 2010
3811:"Gen A. A. K. (Tiger) Niazi: an appraisal"
3533:
2995:"Honours and Awards of the Pakistani Army"
202:
182:
36:
4162:Pakistan honours and military decorations
3675:
2945:
2943:
2941:
1231:
16:Second-highest military award of Pakistan
4187:(Crescent of Courage; 2nd highest award)
3582:
3402:"Books and Authors – The forgotten hero"
3039:. Pakistan: Jang Publishers. p. 75.
2189:
1241:
3808:
3788:"Niazi 'surrendered' on Yahya's orders"
3465:
3439:
2341:
2339:
2315:
2313:
499:From the official Pakistan Army website
312:), and subsequent to this medal is the
4341:
3907:"Flag Lowering – A Heartwarming Sight"
3790:. Pakistan: Dawn.com. 18 December 2003
3631:
3548:. bharat-rakshak.com. 6 September 1965
3440:Shaheen, Sikander (17 December 2013).
3422:
3372:
2953:: No. F. 40(3)/Pres/57. 19 March 1957.
2938:
2921:"Crescent of Courage (Hilal-i-Jur'at)"
2194:A photograph of Khan is placed over a
1252:Squadron Leader Sarfaraz Ahmed Rafiqui
1197:Other notable heroic personnel of the
206:
4203:(Medal of Courage; 4th highest award)
4179:(Sign of the Lion; 1st highest award)
4134:
3904:
3728:
3676:K. Jabbar, Kamal (17 February 2008).
3605:
3585:"Pakistan Air Force: the right stuff"
3512:
3491:
3399:
3195:
3130:"Defence is in safe hands: president"
3032:
2918:
2912:
1156:who played a significant part in the
4195:(Star of Courage; 3rd highest award)
4044:
4009:
3987:. Pakistan: Dawn.com. Archived from
3851:
3755:
3703:. Pakistan: Dawn.com. Archived from
3698:
3658:
3498:. Taylor & Francis. p. 91.
3466:Paracha, Nadeem F. (21 March 2013).
3377:. Pakistan: Dawn.com. Archived from
3323:
2384:How The Calculation Was Carried Out:
2336:
2310:
2298:
3809:Siddiqi, A. R. (13 February 2004).
3606:Naqvi, Rizwana (5 September 2009).
3583:CHAUDHRY, KHALID (8 October 2009).
3198:"A national hero already forgotten"
1275:from the Pakistan Air Force Academy
404:but are written in the form of the
201:
163:
81:Conferrable Upon Army Officers Only
13:
4304:(Crescent of Excellence; civilian)
4119:Decorations and Medals of Pakistan
4114:Air Commodore Mitti Masud, HJ, SBt
3905:Wahla, Asghar (3 September 2003).
3886:. Pakistan Daily. 7 September 2008
3756:Bose, Sarmila (24 November 2003).
3735:. Manohar. pp. 29, 118, 298.
3729:Niazi, Amir Abdullah Khan (1998).
3237:
2850:Defence Minister Rao Sikandar Iqba
2737:
2734:
2731:
2728:
2722:
2719:
2713:
2710:
2707:
2704:
2701:
2698:
2695:
2684:
2681:
2678:
2675:
2672:
2653:
2650:
2647:
2644:
2638:
2635:
2629:
2626:
2623:
2620:
2617:
2614:
2611:
2553:
2550:
2547:
2544:
2538:
2535:
2529:
2526:
2523:
2520:
2517:
2514:
2511:
2500:
2497:
2494:
2491:
2488:
2469:
2466:
2463:
2460:
2454:
2451:
2445:
2442:
2439:
2436:
2433:
2430:
1289:and Yunis Hussain, were given the
1023:
1020:
1017:
1014:
1008:
1005:
999:
996:
993:
990:
987:
984:
981:
970:
967:
964:
961:
958:
939:
936:
933:
930:
924:
921:
915:
912:
909:
906:
903:
900:
897:
823:
820:
817:
814:
808:
805:
799:
796:
793:
790:
787:
784:
781:
770:
767:
764:
761:
758:
739:
736:
733:
730:
724:
721:
715:
712:
709:
706:
703:
700:
14:
4375:
4089:
3632:Rahman, Mohammed Attiqur (1980).
2394:Safaraz was awarded 77 acres for
2368:Pakistan Defence Journal (Online)
2304:See the list of recipients under
275:, which is the equivalent of the
253:, which is the equivalent to the
4220:
4096:
3933:"Captain Mohammad Iqbal Shaheed"
3659:Khan, Muhammad Sher Ali (1978).
3423:Sehgal, Ikram ul-Majeed (2004).
3033:Malik, Tajammal Hussain (1991).
2154:
2124:
2094:
2064:
2034:
1991:
1955:
1927:
1894:
1863:
1833:
1794:
1764:
1734:
1707:
1672:
1636:
1603:
1568:
1532:
1491:
1455:
1422:
1379:
545:
531:
517:
505:
491:
348:as reported in the last decade.
175:
156:
128:
43:
4364:1957 establishments in Pakistan
4320:(Medal of Excellence; civilian)
3872:
3852:Niaz, Anjum (28 October 2007).
3642:
3560:
3416:
3324:Amin, Agha (10 December 2007).
3204:. Pakistan, Islamabad: Dawn.com
3196:Abbas, Nosheen (3 April 2009).
3158:. Pakistan Army. Archived from
3148:
2840:
2377:
2351:
2305:
1194:'he was not religious enough.'
1172:, was also bestowed the medal.
1168:), which ultimately led to the
568:, including and limited to the
4312:(Star of Excellence; civilian)
3699:Khan, Roedad (17 April 2002).
3400:Anjum, Aliya (2 August 2009).
3242:. Pakistan: defencejournal.com
3238:Tufail, Group Captain Kaiser.
2743:
2660:
2559:
2476:
2185:
2177:
2172:
2069:Pakistan Air Force (PAF-3550)
1029:
946:
829:
746:
1:
4045:Sher, Fazal (24 March 2009).
3985:"Mitty Masud Folds His Wings"
3608:"Tribute: Masters of the sky"
2863:
2346:Pakistan Army Website, Quote:
2129:Pakistan Air Force (PAF-???)
2099:Pakistan Air Force (PAF-???)
2039:Pakistan Air Force (PAF-???)
1996:Pakistan Air Force (PAF-???)
1160:in which he was stationed in
1098:
468:
237:second-highest military award
4349:Recipients of Hilal-i-Jur'at
4328:(Medal of Service; civilian)
4277:(Medal of Service; military)
4274:Tamgha-i-Khidmat (Class III)
4269:(Medal of Service; military)
4261:(Medal of Service; military)
3240:"Boy ...We'll Sort Them Out"
3060:. Dawn.com. 9 September 2003
1176:Brigadier (r) Saadullah Khan
7:
4266:Tamgha-i-Khidmat (Class II)
3678:"The More Things Change..."
2212:blow up the police compound
1123:Inter-Services Intelligence
651:
395:Distinguished Service Cross
387:Distinguished Service Order
296:Distinguished Service Cross
292:Conspicuous Gallantry Cross
277:Distinguished Service Cross
208:[ɦəˈlaːlədʒʊˈraːt̪]
10:
4380:
4258:Tamgha-i-Khidmat (Class I)
4234:(without enemy engagement)
4010:Amin, A.H. (8 July 2001).
3856:. Dawn.com. Archived from
3813:. Dawn.com. Archived from
3764:. Pakistan. Archived from
2331:Dr. Aleem-al-Razee: Quote:
1310:List of notable recipients
1256:Indo-Pakistani War of 1965
1250:Most significantly of all
1235:
1102:
560:Eligibility and privileges
438:Indo-Pakistani War of 1947
355:
351:
346:Pakistan National Assembly
83:(Army, Navy and Air-Force)
18:
4285:
4230:
4217:
4168:
3426:Defence journal, Volume 7
3202:FROM THE PAPER - NATIONAL
1215:national flag of Pakistan
512:The Medals' ribbon colors
171:
152:
147:
143:
127:
123:
115:
107:
97:
87:
77:
67:
59:
51:
42:
33:
4286:Civilian military awards
2388:Information From Sources
2273:
1932:Pakistan Army (PA-1986)
1899:Pakistan Army (PA-3927)
1868:Pakistan Army (PA-4049)
1627:Amir Abdullah Khan Niazi
677:The Story of My Struggle
666:The Story of My Struggle
664:, who in his 1991 book,
564:Officers serving in the
370:Pakistan Military Awards
3701:"Not the straight path"
3005:Website. Archived from
2364:– Captain Kaiser Tufail
2266:, as they saw it as an
1960:Pakistan Army (PA-???)
1947:Muhammad Iqbal Shaheed
1838:Pakistan Army (PA-332)
1799:Pakistan Army (PA-649)
1769:Pakistan Army (PA-???)
1739:Pakistan Army (PA-???)
1712:Pakistan Army (PA-624)
1677:Pakistan Army (PA-524)
1641:Pakistan Army (PA-477)
1608:Pakistan Army (PA-159)
1573:Pakistan Army (PA-148)
1427:Pakistan Army (PA-919)
1226:President of Bangladesh
1170:Secession of Bangladesh
1133:and for Americans, the
613:Pakistan Army (Website)
602:Pakistan Army (Website)
219:, sometimes spelled as
4231:Non-operational awards
3665:. Pakistan: Wajidalis.
3638:. Pakistan: Wajidalis.
2831:
2590:
2264:government of Pakistan
2255:
2199:
2159:Pakistan Navy (PN-73)
2055:Sarfaraz Ahmed Rafiqui
1854:Ghulam Hussain Shaheed
1537:Pakistan Army (PA-28)
1496:Pakistan Army (PA-10)
1460:Pakistan Army (PA-24)
1384:Pakistan Army (PA-18)
1301:
1247:
1238:Sarfaraz Ahmed Rafiqui
1232:Sarfaraz Ahmed Rafiqui
1207:Ghulam Hussain Shaheed
1066:
866:
662:Tajammul Hussain Malik
645:
616:
605:
566:Pakistani Armed Forces
393:and the United States
391:British Honours System
263:British Honours System
4296:(Order of Excellence)
4192:Sitara-i-Jur'at Medal
4176:Nishan-i-Haider Medal
3468:"Crazy diamonds – VI"
3328:. Pakistan: Chowk.com
2832:
2591:
2413:Quick Representation:
2244:
2210:origin who wanted to
2193:
1296:
1245:
1146:President of Pakistan
1103:Further information:
1067:
867:
635:
609:
598:
376:President of Pakistan
356:Further information:
288:President of Pakistan
4184:Hilal-i-Jur'at Medal
3610:. Pakistan: Dawn.com
3156:"Honours and Awards"
2900:. Pakistanpaedia.com
2601:
2420:
1886:Muhammad Akram Raja
1559:Akhtar Hussain Malik
1550:HJ, H.Pk., HQA, MBE
1125:Agency (ISI) during
887:
690:
362:Dominion of Pakistan
217:Crescent of Courage
137:Hilal-e-Jurat Ribbon
4208:Imtiazi Sanad Medal
3991:on 15 December 2009
3964:on 28 November 2010
3817:on 17 December 2007
3680:Pakistan: Chowk.com
3587:. Karachi: Dawn.com
3404:. Karachi: Dawn.com
3381:on 22 February 2005
3348:"The first uniform"
2951:Gazette of Pakistan
1726:Ahsan Rashid Shami
1651:HJ (Bar), SPk, SK,
1413:Muhammad Aslam Khan
1337:Army section (unit)
1158:1971 Liberation War
1119:Akhtar Abdur Rahman
1105:Indo-Pakistani Wars
578:Pakistani Air Force
418:Pakistan Parliament
358:Modern day Pakistan
55:Military Decoration
4053:on 12 January 2012
4021:on 4 February 2012
3707:on 25 October 2010
3492:Abbas, H. (2015).
3354:on 4 December 2008
3136:on 28 October 2010
3089:Megan C. Robertson
2919:Robertson, Megan.
2827:
2586:
2321:Shah Azizur Rahman
2200:
2106:HJ, HQA, SPk, SBt
1903:Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
1890:Lieutenant Colonel
1859:Lieutenant Colonel
1698:Amjad Ali Chaudhri
1668:Lieutenant General
1632:Lieutenant General
1564:Lieutenant General
1500:Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
1482:Muhammad Ayub Khan
1388:Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
1248:
1113:Pakistan Air Force
1062:
862:
426:commonwealth realm
153:Next (higher)
4336:
4335:
4329:
4321:
4313:
4305:
4297:
4278:
4270:
4262:
4254:
4253:(Medal of Valour)
4246:
4235:
4212:
4204:
4196:
4188:
4180:
4124:Pakistan's Medals
3505:978-1-317-46328-3
2966:Missing or empty
2811:
2802:
2787:
2778:
2754:
2741:
2727:
2718:
2694:
2671:
2643:
2634:
2610:
2570:
2557:
2543:
2534:
2510:
2487:
2459:
2450:
2429:
2402:Logistical Method
2370:About the author
2253:
2170:
2169:
2145:Afzal Rahman Khan
2115:Inamul Haque Khan
2014:HJ, HS, HQA, SPk
1755:Naseerullah Babar
1360:
1351:
1344:
1273:Best Pilot Trophy
1046:
1027:
1013:
1004:
980:
957:
929:
920:
896:
846:
827:
813:
804:
780:
757:
729:
720:
699:
668:, revealed this.
643:
614:
603:
366:Pakistan Military
283:, respectively).
190:
189:
172:Next (lower)
111:Currently Awarded
4371:
4327:
4325:Tamgha-i-Khidmat
4319:
4311:
4303:
4295:
4276:
4268:
4260:
4252:
4250:Tamgha-i-Basalat
4245:(Star of Valour)
4244:
4242:Sitara-e-Basalat
4233:
4225:
4224:
4210:
4202:
4194:
4186:
4178:
4169:Gallantry awards
4155:
4148:
4141:
4132:
4131:
4106:
4101:
4100:
4099:
4084:
4083:
4081:
4079:
4069:
4063:
4062:
4060:
4058:
4042:
4031:
4030:
4028:
4026:
4017:. Archived from
4007:
4001:
4000:
3998:
3996:
3980:
3974:
3973:
3971:
3969:
3960:. Archived from
3954:
3945:
3944:
3942:
3940:
3929:
3923:
3922:
3920:
3918:
3902:
3896:
3895:
3893:
3891:
3876:
3870:
3869:
3867:
3865:
3849:
3843:
3842:
3838:Pakistan horizon
3833:
3827:
3826:
3824:
3822:
3806:
3800:
3799:
3797:
3795:
3784:
3778:
3777:
3775:
3773:
3753:
3747:
3746:
3726:
3717:
3716:
3714:
3712:
3696:
3690:
3689:
3687:
3685:
3673:
3667:
3666:
3656:
3650:
3646:
3640:
3639:
3629:
3620:
3619:
3617:
3615:
3603:
3597:
3596:
3594:
3592:
3580:
3574:
3573:
3564:
3558:
3557:
3555:
3553:
3542:
3531:
3530:
3528:
3526:
3516:
3510:
3509:
3489:
3483:
3482:
3480:
3478:
3463:
3457:
3456:
3454:
3452:
3437:
3431:
3430:
3420:
3414:
3413:
3411:
3409:
3397:
3391:
3390:
3388:
3386:
3370:
3364:
3363:
3361:
3359:
3344:
3338:
3337:
3335:
3333:
3321:
3315:
3314:
3312:
3310:
3300:
3294:
3293:
3291:
3289:
3279:
3273:
3272:
3270:
3268:
3258:
3252:
3251:
3249:
3247:
3235:
3214:
3213:
3211:
3209:
3193:
3172:
3171:
3169:
3167:
3152:
3146:
3145:
3143:
3141:
3126:
3120:
3119:
3110:
3101:
3100:
3098:
3096:
3081:
3070:
3069:
3067:
3065:
3054:
3041:
3040:
3030:
3019:
3018:
3016:
3014:
2991:
2976:
2975:
2969:
2964:
2962:
2954:
2947:
2936:
2935:
2933:
2931:
2916:
2910:
2909:
2907:
2905:
2894:
2858:
2856:-- Dawn Reporter
2847:"The minister--"
2844:
2838:
2836:
2834:
2833:
2828:
2809:
2800:
2785:
2776:
2752:
2742:
2740:
2725:
2716:
2692:
2687:
2669:
2664:
2656:
2641:
2632:
2608:
2595:
2593:
2592:
2587:
2568:
2558:
2556:
2541:
2532:
2508:
2503:
2485:
2480:
2472:
2457:
2448:
2427:
2381:
2375:
2355:
2349:
2343:
2334:
2317:
2308:
2302:
2296:
2292:
2286:
2283:
2251:
2158:
2128:
2098:
2085:Abdul Rahim Khan
2068:
2038:
2000:Chakwal District
1995:
1959:
1931:
1919:Amir Hamza Khan
1898:
1867:
1837:
1824:Abdul Qayum Sher
1798:
1768:
1738:
1711:
1676:
1640:
1607:
1572:
1536:
1525:Musa Khan Hazara
1495:
1459:
1426:
1383:
1356:
1349:
1342:
1314:
1313:
1305:
1071:
1069:
1068:
1063:
1044:
1028:
1026:
1011:
1002:
978:
973:
955:
950:
942:
927:
918:
894:
871:
869:
868:
863:
844:
828:
826:
811:
802:
778:
773:
755:
750:
742:
727:
718:
697:
641:
629:from entering a
612:
601:
594:devotion to duty
549:
535:
521:
509:
495:
475:"Hilal-i-Ju'rat"
451:Military Crosses
402:Persian language
320:Medal of Courage
251:Sign of the Lion
211:, as if it were
210:
205:
204:
179:
160:
132:
47:
38:
31:
30:
4379:
4378:
4374:
4373:
4372:
4370:
4369:
4368:
4339:
4338:
4337:
4332:
4317:Tamgha-e-Imtiaz
4309:Sitara-i-Imtiaz
4293:Nishan-e-Imtiaz
4281:
4232:
4226:
4219:
4215:
4200:Tamgha-i-Jur'at
4164:
4159:
4129:
4104:Pakistan portal
4102:
4097:
4095:
4092:
4087:
4077:
4075:
4071:
4070:
4066:
4056:
4054:
4043:
4034:
4024:
4022:
4008:
4004:
3994:
3992:
3981:
3977:
3967:
3965:
3956:
3955:
3948:
3938:
3936:
3931:
3930:
3926:
3916:
3914:
3903:
3899:
3889:
3887:
3878:
3877:
3873:
3863:
3861:
3850:
3846:
3835:
3834:
3830:
3820:
3818:
3807:
3803:
3793:
3791:
3786:
3785:
3781:
3771:
3769:
3754:
3750:
3743:
3727:
3720:
3710:
3708:
3697:
3693:
3683:
3681:
3674:
3670:
3657:
3653:
3647:
3643:
3630:
3623:
3613:
3611:
3604:
3600:
3590:
3588:
3581:
3577:
3566:
3565:
3561:
3551:
3549:
3544:
3543:
3534:
3524:
3522:
3520:"Hilal-e-Jurat"
3518:
3517:
3513:
3506:
3490:
3486:
3476:
3474:
3464:
3460:
3450:
3448:
3438:
3434:
3421:
3417:
3407:
3405:
3398:
3394:
3384:
3382:
3375:"The day after"
3371:
3367:
3357:
3355:
3346:
3345:
3341:
3331:
3329:
3322:
3318:
3308:
3306:
3302:
3301:
3297:
3287:
3285:
3281:
3280:
3276:
3266:
3264:
3260:
3259:
3255:
3245:
3243:
3236:
3217:
3207:
3205:
3194:
3175:
3165:
3163:
3154:
3153:
3149:
3139:
3137:
3128:
3127:
3123:
3112:
3111:
3104:
3094:
3092:
3091:. medals.org.uk
3083:
3082:
3073:
3063:
3061:
3056:
3055:
3044:
3031:
3022:
3012:
3010:
2993:
2992:
2979:
2967:
2965:
2956:
2955:
2949:
2948:
2939:
2929:
2927:
2917:
2913:
2903:
2901:
2896:
2895:
2870:
2866:
2861:
2845:
2841:
2688:
2665:
2663:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2598:
2504:
2481:
2479:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2417:
2415:
2404:
2393:
2390:
2382:
2378:
2356:
2352:
2344:
2337:
2329:
2318:
2311:
2303:
2299:
2293:
2289:
2284:
2280:
2276:
2188:
2180:
2175:
2060:Squadron Leader
1663:Abdul Ali Malik
1437:HJ, MC, FK, SJ
1370:Mian Hayaud Din
1361:
1358:
1352:
1345:
1338:
1333:
1331:
1326:
1321:
1319:
1312:
1307:
1303:
1291:Sitara-i-Jur'at
1240:
1234:
1115:
1101:
1092:Kargil Conflict
974:
951:
949:
890:
888:
885:
884:
774:
751:
749:
693:
691:
688:
687:
654:
562:
555:
554:
550:
541:
540:
536:
527:
526:
522:
513:
510:
501:
500:
496:
471:
406:Arabic language
372:
354:
310:Star of Courage
273:Star of Courage
246:Nishan-e-Haider
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133:
82:
35:
29:
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4090:External links
4088:
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4002:
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3860:on 10 May 2010
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2020:
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305:Sitara-e-Jurat
268:Sitara-e-Jurat
259:Medal of Honor
255:Victoria Cross
233:Hilal-i-Juraat
229:Hilal-i-Jurrat
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2268:embarrassment
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2228:heroic status
2225:
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2216:Sitara Market
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2120:Air Commodore
2118:
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2110:
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2030:Air Commodore
2027:
2024:
2021:
2018:
2017:
2013:
2010:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1994:
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1958:
1954:
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1599:Major General
1597:
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1594:Abrar Hussain
1592:
1590:
1589:
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1498:
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1488:
1487:Field Marshal
1485:
1483:
1480:
1477:
1476:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1465:
1462:
1458:
1454:
1452:
1451:Major General
1449:
1447:
1446:Sher Ali Khan
1444:
1441:
1440:
1436:
1434:
1432:
1431:Jammu Kashmir
1429:
1425:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1408:
1407:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1394:
1391:
1389:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1376:
1375:Major General
1373:
1371:
1368:
1365:
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1354:
1347:
1340:
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1328:
1323:
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1199:Pakistan Army
1195:
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1188:
1185:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1173:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1162:East Pakistan
1159:
1155:
1154:major general
1151:
1147:
1143:
1138:
1136:
1132:
1128:
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1120:
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775:
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694:
686:
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684:
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682:
681:
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678:
673:
669:
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663:
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659:Pakistan Army
649:
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628:
625:
621:
615:
608:
604:
597:
595:
591:
587:
583:
579:
575:
571:
570:Pakistan Army
567:
548:
543:
534:
529:
520:
515:
508:
503:
494:
489:
488:
487:
484:
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466:
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269:
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248:
247:
242:
238:
234:
230:
226:
225:Hilal-e-Jurat
222:
218:
214:
213:Halāl-e-Jurāt
209:
199:
195:
194:Hilal-e-Jurat
186:
185:
178:
174:
170:
167:
166:
159:
155:
151:
146:
142:
139:
138:
131:
126:
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119:16 March 1957
118:
114:
110:
106:
102:
100:
96:
93:
90:
88:Post-nominals
86:
80:
76:
73:
70:
66:
62:
58:
54:
50:
46:
41:
34:Hilal-e-Jurat
32:
26:
22:
21:Jurrat (film)
4078:26 September
4076:. Retrieved
4067:
4057:22 September
4055:. Retrieved
4051:the original
4023:. Retrieved
4019:the original
4014:
4005:
3993:. Retrieved
3989:the original
3978:
3968:12 September
3966:. Retrieved
3962:the original
3937:. Retrieved
3927:
3915:. Retrieved
3910:
3900:
3888:. Retrieved
3883:
3874:
3862:. Retrieved
3858:the original
3854:"Whodunnit?"
3847:
3837:
3831:
3819:. Retrieved
3815:the original
3804:
3792:. Retrieved
3782:
3770:. Retrieved
3766:the original
3761:
3751:
3731:
3709:. Retrieved
3705:the original
3694:
3682:. Retrieved
3671:
3661:
3654:
3644:
3634:
3614:22 September
3612:. Retrieved
3601:
3591:22 September
3589:. Retrieved
3578:
3568:
3562:
3550:. Retrieved
3523:. Retrieved
3514:
3494:
3487:
3475:. Retrieved
3471:
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2904:8 September
2236:Rs. 150,000
2186:Faisal Khan
2178:Retractions
2173:Controversy
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215:; English:
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2925:Medals.org
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2306:Recipients
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