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to turn into a coin with which he would pay for the stolen goods (Satan could take on any shape he wanted); later, when the coin (Satan) disappeared, the
Christian villagers would fight over who had stolen it. The Devil agreed to this plan. He turned himself into a silver coin and jumped into Jack's wallet, only to find himself next to a cross Jack had also picked up in the village. Jack closed the wallet tight, and the cross stripped the Devil of his powers; and so he was trapped.
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Jack now had nowhere to go. He asked how he would see where to go, as he had no light, and Satan mockingly tossed him a burning coal, to light his way. Jack carved out one of his turnips (which were his favorite food), put the coal inside it, and began endlessly wandering the Earth for a resting place. He became known as "Jack of the
Lantern", or jack o'lantern.
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Another version of the story says that Jack was getting chased by some villagers from whom he had stolen. He then met Satan, who claimed it was time for him to die. However, the thief stalled his death by tempting Satan with a chance to bedevil the church-going villagers chasing him. Jack told Satan
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In both folktales, Jack lets Satan go only after he agrees to never take his soul. Many years later, the thief died, as all living things do. Of course, Jack's life had been too sinful for him to go to Heaven; however, Satan had promised not to take his soul, and so he was barred from Hell as well.
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To make a jack-o'-lantern, the top of a pumpkin is cut off to form a lid, the inside flesh is scooped out, and an imageâusually a "scary" or "funny" faceâis carved out of the rind exposing the hollow interior. A light source, traditionally a candle flame or tealight, is placed within before the lid
380:
The old time custom of keeping up
Hallowe'en was not forgotten last night by the youngsters of the city. They had their maskings and their merry-makings, and perambulated the streets after dark in a way which was no doubt amusing to themselves. There was a great sacrifice of pumpkins from which to
424:
with a jack-o'-lantern in place of his severed head. In the original story, a shattered pumpkin is discovered next to
Ichabod Crane's abandoned hat on the morning after Crane's supposed encounter with the Horseman, but the story does not reference jack-o'-lanterns or Halloween.
589:
teamed up with Camp
Sunshine, a camp for children with life-threatening illnesses and their families, to break the record. A record was set on October 21, 2006, when 30,128 jack-o'-lanterns were simultaneously lit on
323:
outlines other derivations of the name, "Hobany's", which is most likely derived from "Hob and his", with other variations including "Hob-o'-Lantern", "Hobbedy's
Lantern" and "Hobbady-lantern".
125:
influenced immigrants brought their root vegetable carving traditions with them. It is common to see jack-o'-lanterns used as external and interior decorations prior to and on
Halloween.
217:
has been a common practice in many parts of the world. It is believed that the custom of making jack-o'-lanterns at
Halloween time began in Ireland and Britain. In the 19th century, "
822:
They continue to be popular choices today as carved lanterns in
Northern England, Scotland, and Northern Ireland; the British purchased a million pumpkins for Halloween in 2004."
549:. They thought this because it was said that the jack-o-lantern's light was a way of identifying vampires who, once their identity was known, would give up their hunt for you.
565:
Sections of the pumpkin or turnip are cut out to make holes, often depicting a face, which may be either cheerful, scary, or comical. Jack-o'-lanterns are typically made from
305:
holding a carved gourd competition and presenting a prize to "the best crown of Jack McLantern". The term "McLantern" also appears in an 1841 publication of the same paper.
346:
In the United States and Canada, the carved pumpkin was first associated with the harvest season in general before it became a symbol of
Halloween. In 1895, an article on
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about on long poles; but in place of this, American boys delight in the funny grinning jack-o'-lanterns made of huge yellow pumpkins with a candle inside.
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published a long story on the legend of "Jack-o'-the-Lantern", although this does not mention the lantern being carved from a vegetable. In 1837, the
389:, a poem admonishes children to avoid being similar to untrustworthy "Master Jack o' Lantern," described as a "wicked, deceiving boy" similar to a
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An 1885 article "Halloween Sports and Customs" contrasts the American jack-o'-lantern custom with the British bonfire custom:
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for most lit jack-o'-lanterns on display (30,581). The town has broken the record eight times since the original attempt.
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to keep harmful spirits out of one's home. It has also been suggested that the jack-o'-lanterns originally represented
225:, hollowed out to act as lanterns and often carved with grotesque faces," were used on Halloween in parts of Ireland,
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gives 1837 as the earliest date for when the term was used to refer to a lantern carved from a turnip or pumpkin.
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being the one which occurred on the night of 31 October. Jack-o'-lanterns were also made at Halloween time in
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By those who made them, the lanterns were said to represent either spirits or supernatural beings, or were
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The carved pumpkin lantern's association with Halloween is recorded in the 1 November 1866 edition of the
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602:, tried to set the record on October 31, 2011, with an unofficial count of 30,919 but did not follow the
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When wood-grapes were purpling and brown nuts were falling! When wild, ugly faces we carved in its skin,
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entertaining recommended giving a lit jack-o'-lantern as a child's prize in Thanksgiving games. The poet
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who "dances, and jumps, and gambols." He is humorously illustrated as a personification of a lantern.
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Newell, William Wells (1 January 1904). "The Ignis Fatuus, Its Character and Legendary Origin".
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There is also evidence that turnips were used to carve what was called a "Hoberdy's Lantern" in
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American Thanksgiving Day postcard sent in 1909 with images of a jack-o'-lantern and a turkey
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Jack-o'-lanterns carved from pumpkins are a yearly Halloween tradition that developed in the
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make transparent heads and face, lighted up by the unfailing two inches of tallow candle.
249:) walked the earth. In Wales such nights were known as Ysbrydnosau (spirit nights), with
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404:(Bone-fire to clear before Winter froze the ground) on Hallowe'en, and carry blazing
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The story of the jack-o'-lantern comes in many forms and is similar to the story of
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The Compleat Squash: A Passionate Grower's Guide to Pumpkins, Squash, and Gourds
904:"Bettina Arnold â Halloween Lecture: Halloween Customs in the Celtic World"
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is closed. Artificial jack-o'-lanterns with electric lights are also marketed.
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and is doomed to roam the Earth with only a hollowed turnip to light his way.
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holiday. Its name comes from the phenomenon of strange lights flickering over
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1084:"The Day We Celebrate: Thanksgiving Treated Gastronomically and Socially"
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Carved turnip or other root vegetable lantern, associated with Halloween
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The History of The Jack-O-Lantern (& How It All Began With a Turnip)
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The British, Roman, and Saxon antiquities and folklore of Worcestershire
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1292:"Brewer, e. Cobham. Dictionary of Phrase & Fable. Jack o' the Bowl"
622:
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106:). It is suggested that the name also has ties to the Irish legend of
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Sage, Agnes Carr (October 27, 1885). "Halloween Sports and Customs".
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On October 19, 2013, Keene broke the Boston record and reclaimed the
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Jack-o-lanterns were also a way of protecting one's home against the
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19:"Halloween pumpkin" redirects here. For the pumpkin cultivar, see
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The Stations of the Sun: A History of the Ritual Year in Britain
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All Around the Year: Holidays and Celebrations in American Life
542:
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176:) records use of the term in Britain from 1658 in reference to
85:
42:
1537:. Highland Park News. Archived from the original on 2013-02-24
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A plaster cast of a traditional Irish Jack-o'-Lantern in the
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Rooted in America: Foodlore of Popular Fruits and Vegetables
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1996:
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for most jack-o'-lanterns carved and lit in one place. The
462:
1409:
545:. Superstitious people used them specifically to ward off
511:(d. 1884) recorded the use of the term in a rhyme used in
489:. One story says that Jack tricked Satan into climbing an
4541:
3242:
3099:
302:
1118:
485:, a lazy yet shrewd blacksmith who uses a cross to trap
1207:
Death Makes a Holiday: A Cultural History of Halloween
939:
1515:
Levenson, Michael; McCabe, Kathy (October 22, 2006).
1416:
Poe, R.H.; Hart, R.M.; Foster, K.; Noyes, L. (1990).
241:
and was seen as a time when supernatural beings (the
237:
speaking regions, Halloween was also the festival of
52:
A picture carved onto a jack-o'-lantern for Halloween
358:
Oh!âfruit loved of boyhood!âthe old days recalling,
37:
A traditional American jack-o'-lantern, made from a
1415:
941:
749:"Jack-o'-lantern, n. meanings, etymology and more"
364:Glaring out through the dark with a candle within!
331:The application of the term to carved pumpkins in
1317:. Archived from the original on November 14, 2006
168:, its earliest known use dates to the 1660s. The
4682:
1554:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
1172:
1162:. Ward, Lock, and Company. 1879. pp. 17â20.
962:
883:
3673:
858:
856:
854:
774:The Oxford Companion to American Food and Drink
606:regulations, so the achievement did not count.
400:It is an ancient British custom to light great
862:
777:. Oxford University Press. 2007. p. 269.
2715:
2205:
1627:
1308:
1219:
1597:How Jack OâLanterns Originated in Irish Myth
1446:The Perfect Pumpkin: Growing/Cooking/Carving
1224:. University of Illinois Press. p. 157.
870:. Oxford University Press. pp. 382â383.
851:
833:"Turnip battles with pumpkin for Hallowe'en"
967:Halloween: From Pagan Ritual to Party Night
918:: Center for Celtic Studies. Archived from
879:
877:
561:Jack-o'-lanterns in the process of creation
242:
149:was originally used to describe the visual
88:. Jack-o'-lanterns are associated with the
4665:
2722:
2708:
2212:
2198:
1634:
1620:
897:
895:
1376:Simpson, Jacqueline; Roud, Steve (2000).
1017:
948:. University of Tennessee Press. p.
874:
556:
337:
191:
136:
121:when Irish, Cornish, Scottish and other
47:
32:
2729:
1469:
1442:
1419:You Can Carve Fantastic Jack-O-Lanterns
1078:
1076:
892:
4683:
1607:Whatâs the Origin of Jack-Oâ-Lanterns?
1535:"Highwood sets pumpkin-carving record"
1449:. Storey Publishing, LLC. p. 15.
1255:
1234:
1192:Trick or Treat: A History of Halloween
1189:
1146:. Kingston, Ontario. November 1, 1866.
901:
888:. David & Charles. pp. 87â88.
316:, at the end of the 18th century. The
204:. Rutabaga or turnip were often used.
4721:Objects believed to protect from evil
4670:List of beings referred to as fairies
3672:
2875:
2703:
2193:
1615:
1570:"Most Lit Jack-o'-lanterns Displayed"
1390:
711:T. Nelson & Company. p. 174.
704:
534:Who tickled the maid and made her mad
2876:
1463:
1204:
1073:
1020:"The Friar's Lantern and Friar Rush"
765:
971:. Oxford University Press. p.
481:from the mid-18th century tells of
326:
13:
721:
708:Dictionary of Idiomatic Phrases...
662:"The History of 'Jack-O'-Lantern'"
536:Light me home, the weather's bad.
532:Jack o' the lantern! Joan the wad,
156:(lit., "foolish fire") known as a
14:
4737:
2587:List of squash and pumpkin dishes
1590:
1119:Whittier, John Greenleaf (1885).
916:University of WisconsinâMilwaukee
437:retold in different forms across
141:An assortment of carved pumpkins.
4664:
4655:
4654:
2685:
2684:
2389:
2174:
2173:
1443:Damerow, Gail (2 January 2012).
1378:A Dictionary of English Folklore
1353:"History of the Jack O' Lantern"
1090:. November 24, 1895. p. 27.
997:"History of Jack-o'-the-Lantern"
682:"History of the Jack O' Lantern"
572:
552:
28:Jack-o'-lantern (disambiguation)
1562:
1527:
1517:"A Love in Common for Pumpkins"
1508:
1490:
1436:
1384:
1369:
1311:"History of the Jack-O-Lantern"
1302:
1284:
1249:
1228:
1213:
1198:
1183:
1166:
1150:
1135:
1112:
1108:. October 21, 1900. p. 12.
1094:
1058:
1011:
989:
956:
940:Wilson, David Scofield (1999).
933:
461:, children will leave bowls of
110:, a drunkard who bargains with
4691:Fruit and vegetable characters
1476:. Artisan Books. p. 108.
1241:. London: J.R. Smith. p.
1194:. Reaktion Books. p. 160.
902:Arnold, Bettina (2001-10-31).
825:
798:
741:
715:
698:
674:
654:
1:
2219:
1641:
1470:Goldman, Amy (January 2004).
1393:"The Tale o' Jack-o'-Lantern"
1258:Journal of American Folk-Lore
648:
280:, as Halloween is the eve of
266:used to ward off evil spirits
4716:Culture of the United States
132:
68:, most commonly made from a
7:
4726:The Legend of Sleepy Hollow
3674:Fairy-like beings worldwide
2232:List of gourds and squashes
1498:"Home | Camp Sunshine"
1391:James, David (2016-10-31).
728:Online Etymology Dictionary
616:
428:
418:The Legend of Sleepy Hollow
261:) during the 19th century.
10:
4742:
4701:Food and drink decorations
2741:Classifications of fairies
1756:Lighting candles on graves
1380:. Oxford University Press.
567:Connecticut field pumpkins
187:
25:
18:
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1985:
1976:
1919:
1879:
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1749:Connecticut field pumpkin
1701:
1651:
1422:. Storey Communications.
1334:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
1209:. Bloomsbury. p. 35.
1102:"Odd Ornaments for Table"
1067:Oxford English Dictionary
1018:Kittredge, G. L. (1900).
963:Rogers, Nicholas (2003).
886:Oral folk-tales of Wessex
884:Palmer, Kingsley (1973).
753:Oxford English Dictionary
291:On January 16, 1836, the
208:
170:Oxford English Dictionary
21:Connecticut field pumpkin
420:" (1820) often show the
3110:Dökkålfar and Ljósålfar
352:John Greenleaf Whittier
335:is first seen in 1837.
41:, lit from within by a
4582:Christmas gift-bringer
3000:Brown Man of the Muirs
2048:Veneration of the Dead
1574:Guinness World Records
1309:Mark Hoerrner (2006).
1235:Allies, Jabez (1856).
1220:Santino, Jack (1995).
1205:Skal, Richard (2002).
562:
539:
519:, in conjunction with
410:
383:
366:
343:
243:
205:
198:Museum of Country Life
142:
53:
45:
4706:Squashes and pumpkins
3454:Nicnevin/Gyre-Carling
2965:Blue men of the Minch
2841:Abodes and structures
1693:Christian observances
1190:Morton, Lisa (2012).
1176:Harper's Young People
724:"Jack o'lantern (n.)"
705:Dixon, J. M. (1891).
596:Boston, Massachusetts
560:
529:
398:
378:
356:
341:
215:carving of vegetables
195:
164:. Used especially in
140:
51:
36:
3860:Hopkinsville Goblins
2037:Parade of Lost Souls
1988:Festival of the Dead
1502:www.campsunshine.org
1159:Funny Nursery Rhymes
1001:Dublin Penny Journal
587:Life is Good Company
579:Keene, New Hampshire
509:Thomas Quiller Couch
387:Funny Nursery Rhymes
294:Dublin Penny Journal
26:For other uses, see
4696:Halloween practices
3581:Sprite/Water sprite
2755:Celtic sacred trees
2691:Category: Cucurbita
2440:Straightneck squash
2180:Category: Halloween
1965:Treehouse of Horror
1761:Prayer for the dead
1065:"Jack-o'-lantern".
806:"Pumpkins Passions"
4711:Culture of Ireland
2910:Aos SĂ (Aes SĂdhe)
1892:Haunted attraction
1142:"Carved pumpkin".
1106:The New York Times
1088:The New York Times
1007:: 229, 1835. 1835.
839:. October 28, 2005
812:. October 31, 2005
600:Highwood, Illinois
563:
527:. The rhyme goes:
344:
301:refers to a local
299:Limerick Chronicle
231:Scottish Highlands
206:
143:
54:
46:
4678:
4677:
4641:
4640:
4637:
4636:
4309:Headless Horseman
3850:Fearsome critters
3664:
3663:
2697:
2696:
2678:
2677:
2561:Buffalo gourd oil
2540:
2539:
2345:C. okeechobeensis
2187:
2186:
2080:
2079:
2057:Death anniversary
2022:Qingming Festival
1709:Trick-or-treating
1429:978-0-88266-580-1
982:978-0-19-514691-2
722:Harper, Douglas.
638:The Great Pumpkin
577:For a long time,
469:out for mythical
422:Headless Horseman
414:Washington Irving
374:Kingston, Ontario
103:will-o'-the-wisps
4733:
4668:
4667:
4658:
4657:
4651:
4354:Tuatha DĂ© Danann
4324:Jimmy Squarefoot
4148:
4147:
3875:Little green men
3670:
3669:
3636:Will-o'-the-wisp
3404:Margot the fairy
3353:Lady of the Lake
3303:Jenny Greenteeth
3298:Jack o' the bowl
3130:Queen of Elphame
2877:Attested fairies
2873:
2872:
2748:Related articles
2724:
2717:
2710:
2701:
2700:
2688:
2687:
2665:Pumpkin chucking
2566:Pumpkin seed oil
2551:
2550:
2527:Spaghetti squash
2482:Butternut squash
2420:Crookneck squash
2403:
2402:
2393:
2380:C. scabridifolia
2214:
2207:
2200:
2191:
2190:
2182:
2177:
2176:
2049:
1989:
1983:
1982:
1904:Pumpkin festival
1778:
1654:
1645:
1636:
1629:
1622:
1613:
1612:
1585:
1584:
1582:
1580:
1566:
1560:
1559:
1553:
1545:
1543:
1542:
1531:
1525:
1524:
1521:The Boston Globe
1512:
1506:
1505:
1494:
1488:
1487:
1467:
1461:
1460:
1440:
1434:
1433:
1413:
1407:
1406:
1404:
1403:
1397:5-Minute History
1388:
1382:
1381:
1373:
1367:
1366:
1364:
1363:
1349:
1340:
1339:
1333:
1325:
1323:
1322:
1306:
1300:
1299:
1294:. Archived from
1288:
1282:
1281:
1253:
1247:
1246:
1232:
1226:
1225:
1217:
1211:
1210:
1202:
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1187:
1181:
1180:
1170:
1164:
1163:
1154:
1148:
1147:
1139:
1133:
1132:
1127:. Archived from
1116:
1110:
1109:
1098:
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1091:
1080:
1071:
1070:
1062:
1056:
1055:
1015:
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860:
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759:
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739:
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734:
719:
713:
712:
702:
696:
695:
693:
692:
678:
672:
671:
669:
668:
658:
628:Apotropaic magic
475:Jack o' the bowl
435:Will-o'-the-wisp
416:'s short story "
391:will-o'-the-wisp
333:American English
327:In North America
248:
162:English folklore
158:will-o'-the-wisp
100:(also known as,
98:jack-o'-lanterns
72:, or formerly a
4741:
4740:
4736:
4735:
4734:
4732:
4731:
4730:
4681:
4680:
4679:
4674:
4649:
4633:
4570:
4503:
4445:Enchanted Moura
4358:
4262:
4139:
4135:Yara-ma-yha-who
4073:
3924:
3798:
3722:
3675:
3660:
3424:Mooinjer veggey
3387:
3293:Jack-o'-lantern
3258:HeinzelmÀnnchen
3141:
2878:
2867:
2836:
2812:Household deity
2770:Fairy godmother
2743:
2734:
2728:
2698:
2693:
2674:
2660:Jack-o'-lantern
2643:
2575:
2571:Squash blossoms
2546:
2536:
2522:Red kuri squash
2507:Honeynut squash
2502:Delicata squash
2460:Winter squashes
2454:
2435:Pattypan squash
2407:Summer squashes
2394:
2385:
2296:C. foetidissima
2282:C. ecuadorensis
2247:C. argyrosperma
2234:
2225:
2218:
2188:
2183:
2172:
2166:
2097:All Saints' Day
2076:
2047:
2041:
1987:
1978:
1972:
1915:
1875:
1846:Monster cereals
1776:
1770:
1739:Jack-o'-lantern
1697:
1652:
1647:
1643:
1640:
1593:
1588:
1578:
1576:
1568:
1567:
1563:
1547:
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1399:
1389:
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1374:
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1359:
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1350:
1343:
1327:
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1320:
1318:
1307:
1303:
1290:
1289:
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1254:
1250:
1233:
1229:
1218:
1214:
1203:
1199:
1188:
1184:
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1151:
1141:
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1136:
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1074:
1064:
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1059:
1016:
1012:
995:
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983:
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938:
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923:
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831:
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826:
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664:
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619:
575:
555:
538:
535:
533:
507:folklorist Dr.
479:Irish folk tale
431:
412:Adaptations of
329:
282:All Saints' Day
257:, England (see
211:
190:
147:jack-o'-lantern
135:
58:jack-o'-lantern
31:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4739:
4729:
4728:
4723:
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4621:
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4611:
4606:
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4595:
4594:
4589:
4578:
4576:
4575:Cross-regional
4572:
4571:
4569:
4568:
4559:
4554:
4549:
4544:
4539:
4538:
4537:
4532:
4522:
4517:
4515:Dames blanches
4511:
4509:
4505:
4504:
4502:
4501:
4496:
4491:
4486:
4481:
4476:
4471:
4466:
4461:
4460:
4459:
4449:
4448:
4447:
4437:
4432:
4427:
4422:
4420:Kallikantzaros
4417:
4412:
4407:
4402:
4397:
4395:Doñas de fuera
4392:
4387:
4382:
4377:
4372:
4366:
4364:
4360:
4359:
4357:
4356:
4351:
4346:
4341:
4336:
4331:
4326:
4321:
4316:
4311:
4306:
4301:
4296:
4291:
4286:
4281:
4276:
4270:
4268:
4264:
4263:
4261:
4260:
4255:
4250:
4245:
4240:
4235:
4230:
4225:
4220:
4215:
4210:
4205:
4200:
4195:
4190:
4185:
4180:
4175:
4170:
4165:
4160:
4154:
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4145:
4141:
4140:
4138:
4137:
4132:
4127:
4122:
4117:
4112:
4107:
4102:
4097:
4092:
4087:
4081:
4079:
4075:
4074:
4072:
4071:
4066:
4061:
4052:
4047:
4046:
4045:
4035:
4030:
4025:
4023:Mrenh kongveal
4020:
4015:
4010:
4005:
4000:
3995:
3990:
3985:
3984:
3983:
3978:
3973:
3968:
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3958:
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3917:
3912:
3907:
3902:
3897:
3892:
3887:
3882:
3877:
3872:
3867:
3862:
3857:
3852:
3847:
3842:
3837:
3832:
3827:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3806:
3804:
3800:
3799:
3797:
3796:
3791:
3786:
3781:
3776:
3771:
3766:
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3756:
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3730:
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3713:
3703:
3698:
3689:
3683:
3681:
3677:
3676:
3666:
3665:
3662:
3661:
3659:
3658:
3656:Yan-gant-y-tan
3653:
3648:
3643:
3638:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3548:
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3536:
3531:
3526:
3521:
3516:
3506:
3501:
3496:
3491:
3486:
3481:
3476:
3471:
3466:
3461:
3456:
3451:
3449:Nelly Longarms
3446:
3441:
3436:
3431:
3426:
3421:
3416:
3411:
3406:
3401:
3395:
3393:
3389:
3388:
3386:
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3375:
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3355:
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3345:
3340:
3335:
3330:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3310:
3305:
3300:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3253:The Hedley Kow
3250:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3223:Gwragedd Annwn
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3149:
3147:
3143:
3142:
3140:
3139:
3138:
3137:
3132:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3097:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3067:
3062:
3057:
3052:
3047:
3042:
3037:
3032:
3027:
3022:
3017:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2982:
2977:
2972:
2967:
2962:
2957:
2952:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2886:
2884:
2880:
2879:
2869:
2868:
2866:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2844:
2842:
2838:
2837:
2835:
2834:
2829:
2827:Tutelary deity
2824:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2798:
2797:
2787:
2782:
2780:Fairy painting
2777:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2751:
2749:
2745:
2744:
2739:
2736:
2735:
2727:
2726:
2719:
2712:
2704:
2695:
2694:
2683:
2680:
2679:
2676:
2675:
2673:
2672:
2667:
2662:
2657:
2651:
2649:
2645:
2644:
2642:
2641:
2639:Stuffed squash
2636:
2635:
2634:
2629:
2619:
2614:
2609:
2607:Mashed pumpkin
2604:
2599:
2597:Hitlerszalonna
2594:
2589:
2583:
2581:
2577:
2576:
2574:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2557:
2555:
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2504:
2499:
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2455:
2453:
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2437:
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2427:
2422:
2417:
2411:
2409:
2400:
2396:
2395:
2388:
2386:
2384:
2383:
2376:
2369:
2362:
2359:C. pedatifolia
2355:
2348:
2341:
2334:
2327:
2320:
2317:C. lundelliana
2313:
2306:
2299:
2292:
2285:
2278:
2271:
2264:
2257:
2254:C. californica
2250:
2242:
2240:
2236:
2235:
2230:
2227:
2226:
2217:
2216:
2209:
2202:
2194:
2185:
2184:
2171:
2168:
2167:
2165:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2142:Mischief Night
2139:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2122:Eid il-Burbara
2119:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2102:All Souls' Day
2099:
2094:
2088:
2086:
2082:
2081:
2078:
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2075:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2053:
2051:
2043:
2042:
2040:
2039:
2034:
2032:ZhĆng yuĂĄn jiĂ©
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2007:DĂa de Muertos
2004:
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1808:
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1801:Bonfire toffee
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1766:Pangangaluluwa
1763:
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1746:
1736:
1734:Halloween Tree
1731:
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1639:
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1592:
1591:External links
1589:
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1507:
1489:
1482:
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1455:
1435:
1428:
1408:
1383:
1368:
1341:
1301:
1298:on 2001-02-18.
1283:
1270:10.2307/533988
1248:
1227:
1212:
1197:
1182:
1179:. p. 828.
1165:
1149:
1134:
1131:on 2010-11-28.
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1036:10.2307/456566
1030:(4): 415â441.
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864:Hutton, Ronald
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439:Western Europe
430:
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328:
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310:Worcestershire
288:(2 November).
286:All Souls' Day
223:mangel wurzels
210:
207:
189:
186:
134:
131:
74:root vegetable
64:) is a carved
62:jack o'lantern
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4738:
4727:
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4592:Companions of
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4535:King Goldemar
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4518:
4516:
4513:
4512:
4510:
4506:
4500:
4497:
4495:
4492:
4490:
4487:
4485:
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4480:
4477:
4475:
4472:
4470:
4467:
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4462:
4458:
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4450:
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4408:
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4388:
4386:
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4376:
4373:
4371:
4368:
4367:
4365:
4361:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4344:Pictish Beast
4342:
4340:
4339:Morgan Le Fay
4337:
4335:
4332:
4330:
4327:
4325:
4322:
4320:
4317:
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4307:
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4300:
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4280:
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4259:
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4209:
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4136:
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4128:
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4118:
4116:
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4026:
4024:
4021:
4019:
4016:
4014:
4011:
4009:
4006:
4004:
4001:
3999:
3996:
3994:
3991:
3989:
3986:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3974:
3972:
3969:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3953:
3952:
3949:
3947:
3944:
3942:
3939:
3937:
3934:
3933:
3931:
3927:
3921:
3920:Yunwi Tsunsdi
3918:
3916:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3906:
3903:
3901:
3898:
3896:
3893:
3891:
3888:
3886:
3883:
3881:
3878:
3876:
3873:
3871:
3868:
3866:
3863:
3861:
3858:
3856:
3853:
3851:
3848:
3846:
3843:
3841:
3838:
3836:
3835:Christmas elf
3833:
3831:
3828:
3826:
3823:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3807:
3805:
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3750:
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3737:
3735:
3732:
3731:
3729:
3725:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3709:
3708:
3707:
3704:
3702:
3701:Little people
3699:
3697:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3684:
3682:
3678:
3671:
3667:
3657:
3654:
3652:
3651:Yallery Brown
3649:
3647:
3644:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3634:
3632:
3629:
3627:
3624:
3622:
3619:
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3599:
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3539:
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3527:
3525:
3522:
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3515:
3512:
3511:
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3507:
3505:
3502:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3487:
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3482:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3472:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3457:
3455:
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3450:
3447:
3445:
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3440:
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3435:
3432:
3430:
3427:
3425:
3422:
3420:
3417:
3415:
3412:
3410:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3397:
3396:
3394:
3390:
3384:
3381:
3379:
3376:
3374:
3371:
3369:
3366:
3364:
3361:
3359:
3358:Lazy Laurence
3356:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3343:Klabautermann
3341:
3339:
3336:
3334:
3331:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3288:Iannic-ann-ĂŽd
3286:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3150:
3148:
3144:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3103:
3102:
3101:
3098:
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3093:
3091:
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3081:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3066:
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3041:
3038:
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3033:
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3028:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
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2933:
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2928:
2926:
2923:
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2918:
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2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2887:
2885:
2881:
2874:
2870:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2845:
2843:
2839:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2822:Nature spirit
2820:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2796:
2793:
2792:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2752:
2750:
2746:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2725:
2720:
2718:
2713:
2711:
2706:
2705:
2702:
2692:
2681:
2671:
2670:Pumpkin queen
2668:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2655:Giant pumpkin
2653:
2652:
2650:
2646:
2640:
2637:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2624:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2602:Kabak tatlısı
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2584:
2582:
2578:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2558:
2556:
2554:Raw materials
2552:
2549:
2543:
2533:
2532:Turban squash
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2497:Cushaw squash
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2469:
2467:
2465:
2461:
2457:
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2448:
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2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2426:
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2416:
2413:
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2410:
2408:
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2401:
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2370:
2368:
2367:
2363:
2361:
2360:
2356:
2354:
2353:
2349:
2347:
2346:
2342:
2340:
2339:
2335:
2333:
2332:
2328:
2326:
2325:
2324:C. martinezii
2321:
2319:
2318:
2314:
2312:
2311:
2307:
2305:
2304:
2300:
2298:
2297:
2293:
2291:
2290:
2286:
2284:
2283:
2279:
2277:
2276:
2272:
2270:
2269:
2268:C. cylindrata
2265:
2263:
2262:
2258:
2256:
2255:
2251:
2249:
2248:
2244:
2243:
2241:
2237:
2233:
2228:
2224:
2223:
2215:
2210:
2208:
2203:
2201:
2196:
2195:
2192:
2181:
2169:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2152:Old Halloween
2150:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2112:Devil's Night
2110:
2108:
2107:Beggars Night
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2089:
2087:
2083:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2062:Death customs
2060:
2058:
2055:
2054:
2052:
2050:
2044:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1994:
1992:
1990:
1984:
1981:
1975:
1967:
1966:
1962:
1960:
1959:Great Pumpkin
1957:
1956:
1955:
1952:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1939:
1938:
1935:
1933:
1930:
1928:
1925:
1924:
1922:
1918:
1910:
1909:Pumpkin Queen
1907:
1906:
1905:
1902:
1898:
1895:
1894:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1884:
1882:
1878:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1832:
1831:Caramel apple
1829:
1827:
1826:Candy pumpkin
1824:
1822:
1819:
1817:
1814:
1812:
1809:
1807:
1804:
1802:
1799:
1797:
1794:
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1789:
1787:
1784:
1783:
1781:
1779:
1773:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1759:
1757:
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1750:
1747:
1745:
1742:
1741:
1740:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1722:
1720:
1719:Apple bobbing
1717:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1707:
1706:
1704:
1700:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1672:
1671:Allhallowtide
1669:
1667:
1664:
1663:
1662:
1659:
1658:
1656:
1650:
1646:
1637:
1632:
1630:
1625:
1623:
1618:
1617:
1614:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1594:
1579:September 24,
1575:
1571:
1565:
1557:
1551:
1536:
1530:
1523:. p. B6.
1522:
1518:
1511:
1503:
1499:
1493:
1485:
1483:9781579652517
1479:
1475:
1474:
1466:
1458:
1456:9781603427418
1452:
1448:
1447:
1439:
1431:
1425:
1421:
1420:
1412:
1398:
1394:
1387:
1379:
1372:
1358:
1354:
1348:
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1337:
1331:
1316:
1312:
1305:
1297:
1293:
1287:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1264:(64): 39â60.
1263:
1259:
1252:
1244:
1240:
1239:
1231:
1223:
1216:
1208:
1201:
1193:
1186:
1178:
1177:
1169:
1161:
1160:
1153:
1145:
1138:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1121:"The Pumpkin"
1115:
1107:
1103:
1097:
1089:
1085:
1079:
1077:
1068:
1061:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1014:
1006:
1002:
998:
992:
984:
978:
974:
969:
968:
959:
951:
946:
945:
936:
922:on 2011-06-24
921:
917:
913:
911:
905:
898:
896:
887:
880:
878:
869:
865:
859:
857:
855:
843:September 23,
838:
834:
828:
811:
807:
801:
786:
784:9780195307962
780:
776:
775:
768:
754:
750:
744:
729:
725:
718:
710:
709:
701:
687:
683:
677:
663:
657:
653:
644:
643:Pumpkin Weeks
641:
639:
636:
634:
631:
629:
626:
624:
621:
620:
614:
612:
607:
605:
601:
597:
593:
592:Boston Common
588:
584:
580:
573:World records
570:
568:
559:
553:Pumpkin craft
550:
548:
544:
537:
528:
526:
522:
518:
514:
510:
506:
502:
498:
494:
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
472:
471:house spirits
468:
464:
460:
456:
452:
448:
444:
441:, including,
440:
436:
426:
423:
419:
415:
409:
407:
403:
397:
394:
392:
388:
382:
377:
375:
371:
365:
362:
359:
355:
353:
349:
340:
336:
334:
324:
322:
319:
315:
311:
306:
304:
300:
296:
295:
289:
287:
284:(1 November)/
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
262:
260:
256:
252:
247:
246:
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
220:
216:
203:
199:
194:
185:
183:
179:
175:
171:
167:
163:
159:
155:
152:
148:
139:
130:
126:
124:
120:
119:United States
115:
113:
109:
105:
104:
99:
95:
91:
87:
83:
79:
75:
71:
67:
63:
59:
50:
44:
40:
35:
29:
22:
4566:WeiĂe Frauen
4562:Witte Wieven
4334:MenninkÀinen
4115:Patupaiarehe
4043:Hungry ghost
4028:Orang bunian
3946:Fallen angel
3890:Nordic alien
3626:Wicked fairy
3566:Sleih beggey
3373:Lubber fiend
3363:Leanan sĂdhe
3308:Joan the Wad
3292:
3273:Hobbididance
3233:Gwyn ap Nudd
2955:Bloody Bones
2925:Baobhan sith
2915:Arkan Sonney
2832:Water spirit
2817:Hungry grass
2785:Fairy riding
2659:
2627:Pumpkin soup
2472:Acorn squash
2378:
2371:
2364:
2357:
2350:
2343:
2336:
2329:
2322:
2315:
2310:C. gracilior
2308:
2303:C. galeottii
2301:
2294:
2289:C. ficifolia
2287:
2280:
2273:
2266:
2259:
2252:
2245:
2220:
2157:Punkie Night
2085:Other events
2027:Totensonntag
2017:Pitru Paksha
1997:Bon Festival
1963:
1851:PĂŁo por Deus
1738:
1577:. Retrieved
1573:
1564:
1539:. Retrieved
1529:
1520:
1510:
1501:
1492:
1472:
1465:
1445:
1438:
1418:
1411:
1400:. Retrieved
1396:
1386:
1377:
1371:
1360:. Retrieved
1356:
1319:. Retrieved
1314:
1304:
1296:the original
1286:
1261:
1257:
1251:
1237:
1230:
1221:
1215:
1206:
1200:
1191:
1185:
1174:
1168:
1158:
1152:
1143:
1137:
1129:the original
1124:
1114:
1105:
1096:
1087:
1066:
1060:
1027:
1023:
1013:
1004:
1000:
991:
966:
958:
943:
935:
924:. Retrieved
920:the original
907:
885:
867:
841:. Retrieved
836:
827:
814:. Retrieved
809:
800:
790:February 17,
788:. Retrieved
773:
767:
756:. Retrieved
752:
743:
731:. Retrieved
727:
717:
707:
700:
689:. Retrieved
685:
676:
665:. Retrieved
656:
611:world record
608:
594:in downtown
583:world record
576:
564:
540:
531:
521:Joan the Wad
503:
499:
495:
432:
411:
399:
395:
386:
384:
379:
369:
367:
363:
360:
357:
348:Thanksgiving
345:
330:
321:Jabez Allies
307:
298:
292:
290:
263:
259:Punkie Night
212:
181:
178:ignis fatuus
177:
173:
169:
166:East England
154:ignis fatuus
153:
146:
144:
127:
116:
101:
97:
78:mangelwurzel
61:
57:
55:
4587:Santa Claus
4415:Hippocampus
4105:Muldjewangk
3971:Inari Ćkami
3621:Water horse
3606:Tylwyth Teg
3596:Tooth fairy
3489:Pillywiggin
3439:Moss people
3409:Meg Mullach
3313:Joint-eater
3198:Ghillie Dhu
3158:Fairy Queen
2945:Billy Blind
2900:Alp Luachra
2807:Genius loci
2733:in folklore
2632:Soup joumou
2622:Squash soup
2617:Pumpkin pie
2445:Tromboncino
2373:C. radicans
2338:C. moschata
2275:C. digitata
1861:Pumpkin pie
1816:Candy apple
1791:Apple cider
1744:Stingy Jack
1729:Ghost tours
1653:Main topics
912:Celebration
816:October 19,
581:, held the
483:Stingy Jack
459:Switzerland
270:windowsills
251:Calan Gaeaf
108:Stingy Jack
4685:Categories
4619:Salamander
4319:Jack Frost
3956:Há» ly tinh
3951:Fox spirit
3855:Grey alien
3815:Anchimayen
3616:Water bull
3561:Shellycoat
3484:Peg Powler
3469:Nuckelavee
3444:Nain Rouge
3368:Leprechaun
3263:Hinzelmann
3168:Fear gorta
3163:Fear dearg
3135:SvartĂĄlfar
3095:Each-uisge
3060:Colt pixie
3050:Clurichaun
3040:Ceffyl DƔr
2940:Bean nighe
2863:Fairy ring
2858:Fairy path
2848:Fairy fort
2790:Fairy tale
2775:Fairy-lock
2760:Changeling
2648:Activities
2425:Gem squash
2352:C. palmata
2261:C. cordata
2127:Hop-tu-Naa
1954:Television
1897:Hell house
1821:Candy corn
1702:Traditions
1683:Activities
1541:2012-10-30
1402:2018-12-11
1362:2018-10-20
1321:2007-05-09
1315:buzzle.com
1144:Daily News
926:2007-10-16
908:Halloween
758:2023-08-14
691:2018-10-25
667:2018-10-25
649:References
623:Apple doll
491:apple tree
385:In 1879's
370:Daily News
318:folklorist
151:phenomenon
76:such as a
4599:Elemental
4289:Black dog
4008:Korpokkur
3961:Huli jing
3905:Pukwudgie
3885:Nimerigar
3845:Encantado
3789:Tikoloshe
3769:Mami Wata
3749:Bultungin
3739:Asanbosam
3680:Worldwide
3641:Wirry-cow
3499:PĂșca/Pwca
3434:Morvarc'h
3323:Kilmoulis
3278:Hobgoblin
3218:Grindylow
3193:Gancanagh
3173:Fenodyree
3125:HuldufĂłlk
3065:Cyhyraeth
3020:Bugul Noz
2853:Fairyland
2592:Bundevara
2399:Cultivars
2331:C. maxima
2222:Cucurbita
2092:Allantide
2012:Gai Jatra
1871:Soul cake
1796:Barmbrack
1688:Geography
1644:Halloween
1550:cite news
1125:Poets.org
1044:0030-8129
910:Inaugural
477:. An old
278:purgatory
276:souls in
274:Christian
145:The term
133:Etymology
96:, called
94:peat bogs
90:Halloween
4660:Category
4650:See also
4629:Wild man
4530:Alberich
4400:Farfadet
4390:Dionysus
4380:Cercopes
4370:Basajaun
4363:Southern
4274:Aitvaras
4267:Northern
4253:Vodyanoy
4248:VĂąntoase
4238:Vadleany
4233:Ursitory
4228:SpiriduÈ
4223:SĂąnzianÄ
4183:Kikimora
4178:KarzeĆek
4130:Wandjina
4095:Menehune
4059:Yakshini
4013:Mazzikin
4003:Kijimuna
3941:Dokkaebi
3895:Nûñnë'hï
3840:Curupira
3830:Chaneque
3825:Canotila
3803:Americas
3696:Succubus
3687:Bogeyman
3576:Spriggan
3556:Seonaidh
3414:Melusine
3348:Korrigan
3238:Habetrot
3228:Gwyllion
3208:Glashtyn
3203:Glaistig
3183:Finvarra
3085:Dullahan
3055:Coblynau
3045:ClĂodhna
3030:Cat sĂŹth
3025:Caoineag
2935:Barghest
2802:Familiar
2487:Calabaza
2464:pumpkins
2450:Zucchini
2430:Kamokamo
2162:Saci Day
2147:Namahage
2137:Korochun
1866:Rutabaga
1841:Feetloaf
1714:Costumes
1330:cite web
866:(1996).
617:See also
604:Guinness
547:vampires
517:Cornwall
513:Polperro
429:Folklore
402:bonfires
255:Somerset
229:and the
82:rutabaga
4624:Sandman
4552:Perchta
4547:Lorelei
4508:Western
4489:Thiasus
4474:Silenus
4425:Kobalos
4375:Centaur
4304:Haltija
4299:Gremlin
4218:Rusalka
4213:Psotnik
4208:Polevik
4203:Ovinnik
4168:Domovoy
4163:CÄpcÄun
4151:Eastern
4120:Taniwha
4078:Oceania
3976:Kitsune
3900:Pombero
3865:Ishigaq
3820:Caipora
3794:Yumboes
3774:Obayifo
3711:Mermaid
3706:Merfolk
3692:Incubus
3534:SkogsrÄ
3524:Radande
3514:BergsrÄ
3333:Knucker
3328:Knocker
3283:Hödekin
3248:Haltija
3213:Groac'h
3178:Finfolk
3120:Erlking
3115:Elegast
3080:Duergar
3035:CĂč SĂŹth
3015:Bugbear
3010:Buggane
2995:Brownie
2985:Boobrie
2975:Boggart
2960:Bluecap
2930:Banshee
2765:Elfshot
2731:Fairies
2545:Related
2512:Kabocha
2477:Big Max
2415:Aehobak
2366:C. pepo
2239:Species
2067:Kaddish
2002:Chuseok
1977:Related
1887:Bonfire
1856:Pumpkin
1836:Cookies
1678:Symbols
1666:Samhain
1661:History
1357:HISTORY
686:HISTORY
505:Cornish
473:called
314:England
239:Samhain
219:turnips
202:Ireland
188:History
70:pumpkin
66:lantern
39:pumpkin
4609:Goblin
4557:Vittra
4520:Dusios
4494:Trenti
4484:Squasc
4430:Lamina
4410:Hecate
4294:Gabija
4279:Ajatar
4193:Lidérc
4158:Bannik
4144:Europe
4090:Manaia
4085:Bunyip
4055:Yaksha
4050:Tennin
4018:Mogwai
3981:Kumiho
3966:Huxian
3936:Diwata
3915:Trauco
3734:Abatwa
3727:Africa
3716:Merman
3611:Undine
3571:Sluagh
3551:Selkie
3546:Sebile
3541:Redcap
3519:Hulder
3479:Oberon
3474:Nuggle
3429:Morgen
3419:Merrow
3383:Ly Erg
3338:Kobold
3318:Kelpie
3153:Fachan
3090:Dunnie
3075:Duende
2970:Bodach
2905:Anjana
2895:Aibell
2890:Adhene
2689:
2612:Pepita
2580:Dishes
2547:topics
2517:Marrow
2178:
2117:Dziady
2072:Yizkor
1979:events
1942:albums
1880:Events
1480:
1453:
1426:
1278:533988
1276:
1052:456566
1050:
1042:
979:
781:
543:undead
525:pixies
455:Sweden
447:Norway
406:fagots
245:Aos SĂ
235:Gaelic
209:Origin
123:Celtic
86:turnip
43:candle
4614:Gnome
4604:Fates
4525:Dwarf
4479:Siren
4469:Satyr
4452:Nymph
4440:Mouro
4435:Mairu
4385:Circe
4349:Troll
4329:Lauma
4314:Hiisi
4243:VĂąlvÄ
4198:Likho
4188:Leshy
4125:Tipua
4110:Nawao
4100:Mimis
4069:YĆsei
4064:YĆkai
4038:Preta
3993:Irshi
3988:Hyang
3870:Jogah
3784:Simbi
3779:Rompo
3764:Kishi
3759:Jengu
3754:Eloko
3744:Aziza
3631:Wight
3591:Tomte
3586:Sylph
3529:SjörÄ
3494:Pixie
3464:Nixie
3459:Nisse
3378:Lutin
3188:Fuath
3070:Drude
3005:Bucca
2980:Bogle
2950:BirĂłg
2920:Asrai
2132:Kekri
1947:songs
1937:Music
1932:Films
1927:Books
1920:Media
1811:Candy
1786:Apple
1724:Cards
1274:JSTOR
1048:JSTOR
733:9 May
487:Satan
467:cream
457:. In
451:Spain
443:Italy
233:. In
227:Wales
112:Satan
4499:Vila
4457:List
4405:Faun
4284:Badb
4258:ZĂąnÄ
4173:Iele
4033:Peri
3998:Jinn
3929:Asia
3910:Saci
3880:Muki
3810:Alux
3646:Xana
3601:Trow
3504:Puck
3399:Mare
2990:Brag
2795:List
2462:and
1806:Cake
1777:Food
1581:2024
1556:link
1478:ISBN
1451:ISBN
1424:ISBN
1336:link
1040:ISSN
1024:PMLA
977:ISBN
845:2007
818:2006
792:2011
779:ISBN
735:2013
633:Cuco
463:milk
453:and
213:The
60:(or
4542:Imp
4464:Pan
3392:MâZ
3268:Hob
3243:Hag
3146:FâL
3105:Alp
3100:Elf
2883:AâE
1266:doi
1243:430
1032:doi
1005:3â4
950:154
837:BBC
810:BBC
465:or
376:):
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221:or
182:OED
174:OED
160:in
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