274:
northern and southern regions of the
Japanese mainland, and the Japanese wild mouse was created at the eastern region of the hybridisation zone. The southeastern Asian house mouse appeared to have inhabited Japan first. It is possible that these mice arrived from the northern side of the island. The eastern European house mouse then invaded Japanese mainland from the southern end, and gradually progressed towards the northern region. The southeastern Asian house mouse could have arrived sometime in 1-1.5 B.C.E from Yunnan, southern China; while the eastern European house mouse arrived a little after 1 B.C.E.
35:
273:
in 1988 revealed that
Japanese house mice originated from gene mixing (hybridisation) between southeastern Asian house mouse and the eastern European house mouse. Further genetic studies supported this finding. Analysis of nuclear genome shows that hybridisation mainly occurred at intersection of the
216:
with white bellies. The two colours are not marked by a distinct margin but fused as the colour fades. The tail is also bi-coloured, white with a black tip. Adult females measure 8.1 cm in length without tail, much larger than males, which are 7.2 cm without the tail. Their tails can be up
295:
for its old genetic divergence from the original house mouse about 1 million years ago. In addition, its unique biological features make it a model animal in other genetic and disease investigations. It is smaller than other laboratory mice and exhibits high locomotor activity. It is also resistant
204:, but is treated as such for its characteristic features. It is among the smallest house mice. Different strains such as MSM/Ms, JF1, Japanese waltzing mouse, C57BL/6J and MSKR exist following cross breeding with other house mice, and are used in different genetic and medical investigations.
384:
and a friend
Alexander Dalzell Sprunt. In the early 20th century, the mouse was an ideal model for production of different coat and eye colours, including fancy race mice, based on Mendelian genetics. The strain is closely related to JF1 and genome analysis suggests that it was created from
355:. Genome analysis indicates that it was domesticated in Japan in the 18th century and was introduced to Europe in the second half of the 19th century. It became one of the main animal models in genetics in America in the early 20th century.
379:
in 1904 using this strain. It was from this research that the
British scientist J. B. S. Haldane was inspired to conduct an experiment and first demonstrated genetic linkage in mammals in 1915 with the help of his sister
261:. In 1988, Japanese researchers found that the subspecies is not unique as they are the products of natural hybridisation between other mice subspecies, although they are still treated as subspecies.
1003:
Takada, Toyoyuki; Ebata, Toshinobu; Noguchi, Hideki; Keane, Thomas M.; Adams, David J.; Narita, Takanori; Shin-I, Tadasu; Fujisawa, Hironori; Toyoda, Atsushi; Abe, Kuniya; Obata, Yuichi (2013).
814:
Li, Yue; Fujiwara, Kazumichi; Osada, Naoki; Kawai, Yosuke; Takada, Toyoyuki; Kryukov, Alexey P.; Abe, Kuniya; Yonekawa, Hiromichi; Shiroishi, Toshihiko; Moriwaki, Kazuo; Saitou, Naruya (2021).
1338:
Abe, Kuniya; Noguchi, Hideki; Tagawa, Keiko; Yuzuriha, Misako; Toyoda, Atsushi; Kojima, Toshio; Ezawa, Kiyoshi; Saitou, Naruya; Hattori, Masahira; Sakaki, Yoshiyuki; Moriwaki, Kazuo (2004).
863:
Moriwaki, Kazuo; Miyashita, Nobumoto; Mita, Akihiko; Gotoh, Hideo; Tsuchiya, Kimiyuki; Kato, Hideki; Mekada, Kazuyuki; Noro, Chikako; Oota, Satoshi; Yoshiki, Atsushi; Obata, Yuichi (2009).
253:
in 1943. The subspecies status was used as valid classification. In 1981, an
American zoologist Joe Truesdell Marshall revised Kuroda's taxonomy and merged all subspecies under
212:
The adults can be easily distinguished from common laboratory mice from their size and body colours. They are slightly smaller, and they have characteristic two-coloured body,
428:. It has genetic similarity to C57BL/6N, and generally differs from other inbred stains. It has been used as a model in the study of tawny coat colouration and immunology.
190:
196:
715:
Yonekawa, Hiromichi; Sato, Jun J.; Suzuki, Hitoshi; Moriwaki, Kazuo; Pialek, Jaroslav (2012), Macholan, Milos; Baird, Stuart J. E.; Munclinger, Pavel (eds.),
500:
1340:"Contribution of Asian mouse subspecies Mus musculus molossinus to genomic constitution of strain C57BL/6J, as defined by BAC-end sequence-SNP analysis"
1052:
Koide, T.; Moriwaki, K.; Uchida, K.; Mita, A.; Sagai, T.; Yonekawa, H.; Katoh, H.; Miyashita, N.; Tsuchiya, K.; Nielsen, T. J.; Shiroishi, T. (1998).
759:"Phylogeographic origin of Hokkaido house mice (Mus musculus) as indicated by genetic markers with maternal, paternal and biparental inheritance"
951:
Araki, Kimi; Takeda, Naoki; Yoshiki, Atsushi; Obata, Yuichi; Nakagata, Naomi; Shiroishi, Toshihiko; Moriwaki, Kazuo; Yamamura, Ken-ichi (2009).
1560:
245:
adopted this classification in 1940 to describe many species of house mice including subspecies under the species. German zooligists
1534:
1547:
625:
Yonekawa, H.; Moriwaki, K.; Gotoh, O.; Miyashita, N.; Matsushima, Y.; Shi, L. M.; Cho, W. S.; Zhen, X. L.; Tagashira, Y. (1988).
501:"Postnatal Blood Cell Counts of Japanese House Mice (Mus musculus molossinus): Maintenance of Low Numbers of White Blood Cells"
291:, a city of Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan, as first described in 2009. It is an inbred strain that is widely used in the study of
816:"House mouse Mus musculus dispersal in East Eurasia inferred from 98 newly determined complete mitochondrial genome sequences"
716:
736:
606:
1552:
1389:"Establishment and characterization of the MSKR inbred strain originated from Japanese wild mice (Mus musculus molossinus)"
1603:
757:
Terashima, M.; Furusawa, S.; Hanzawa, N.; Tsuchiya, K.; Suyanto, A.; Moriwaki, K.; Yonekawa, H.; Suzuki, H. (2006).
1430:"A nucleotide substitution responsible for the tawny coat color mutation carried by the MSKR inbred strain of mice"
627:"Hybrid origin of Japanese mice "Mus musculus molossinus": evidence from restriction analysis of mitochondrial DNA"
1565:
667:
363:
This is also a
Japanese fancy mouse but an outbred strain in Europe. It is one of the first models used to test
1608:
367:
by cross-breeding with other house mice. Its name is given for its habit of running around in the cage as in
376:
1005:"The ancestor of extant Japanese fancy mice contributed to the mosaic genomes of classical inbred strains"
1471:"Cloning and expression of cDNA for interleukin 4 from the MSKR inbred strain of Mus musculus molossinus"
1428:
Wada, A.; Kunieda, T.; Nishimura, M.; Kakizoe-Ishida, Y.; Watanabe, N.; Ohkawa, K.; Tsudzuki, M. (2005).
906:"Multi-phenotype behavioral characterization of inbred strains derived from wild stocks of Mus musculus"
1387:
Wada, A.; Kakizoe-Ishida, Y.; Katoh, H.; Muguruma, K.; Ebukuro, M.; Okumoto, M.; Tsudzuki, M. (2000).
246:
1598:
1593:
1054:"A new inbred strain JF1 established from Japanese fancy mouse carrying the classic piebald allele"
1469:
Ikeshima-Kataoka, Hiroko; Wada, Adumi; Ishiwata, Kenji; Watanabe, Naohiro; Saito, Saburo (2009).
230:
34:
1502:
1388:
1139:
143:
499:
Ishida-Kakizoe, Yuka; Wada, Adumi; Kannan, Yukiko; Mizuno, Toshiko; Tsudzuki, Masaoki (1998).
1588:
364:
1289:"Abbie Lathrop, the "Mouse Woman of Granby": Rodent Fancier and Accidental Genetics Pioneer"
1613:
1241:
341:
643:
626:
287:
The standard name is an abbreviation MISHIMA/Mishima designating the place of its origin,
8:
213:
1245:
1315:
1288:
1264:
1229:
1205:
1178:
1159:
1120:
1081:
1029:
1004:
980:
933:
840:
815:
796:
692:
595:
Marshall, J. T. (1981). "Taxonomy". In Foster, H. L.; Small, J. D.; Fox, J. G. (eds.).
556:
476:
449:
402:
313:
226:
29:
1364:
1339:
953:"Establishment of germline-competent embryonic stem cell lines from the MSM/Ms strain"
1482:
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1410:
1369:
1320:
1269:
1210:
1073:
1034:
972:
925:
886:
845:
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732:
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648:
602:
512:
481:
288:
270:
1179:"Recollections of J.B.S. Haldane, with special reference to Human Genetics in India"
1163:
1085:
984:
937:
800:
385:
cross-breeding the JF1 with
European house mouse (fancy mouse) in the 19th century.
1441:
1400:
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1249:
1200:
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242:
185:
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728:
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381:
292:
1234:
Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
831:
683:
309:
968:
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575:
448:
Okumura, Kazuhiro; Saito, Megumi; Isogai, Eriko; Wakabayashi, Yuichi (2021).
425:
329:
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1429:
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905:
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398:
305:
301:
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652:
450:"The Japanese Wild-Derived Inbred Mouse Strain, MSM/Ms in Cancer Research"
537:"The Wild and Commensal Stocks of the House Mouse, Mus musculus Linnaeus"
325:
181:
120:
106:
1539:
1405:
584:] (in Japanese). Tokyo: The Sanseido Company, Ltd. pp. 279–298.
1355:
1155:
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1100:
560:
536:
406:
201:
1287:
Steensma, David P.; Kyle, Robert A.; Shampo, Marc A. (November 2010).
865:"Unique inbred strain MSM/Ms established from the Japanese wild mouse"
783:
46:
1496:
1468:
1116:
904:
Koide, T.; Moriwaki, K.; Ikeda, K.; Niki, H.; Shiroishi, T. (2000).
552:
1519:
340:). It was first described in 1998 when it was identified to have a
328:. Genome analysis shows that JF1 emerged as a reproductive fusion (
297:
66:
1427:
1137:
598:
The Mouse in
Biomedical Research: History, genetics, and wild mice
229:, the Japanese house mouse was first described by Dutch zoologist
394:
344:
96:
756:
1386:
352:
86:
76:
56:
1101:"On the Result of Crossing Japanese Waltzing with Albino Mice"
668:"Sex-specific variation in the genome-wide recombination rate"
624:
498:
249:
and
Henriette K. Schwarz redescribed it as a subspecies under
217:
to 13.8 cm long for males, and 16.2 cm for females.
447:
368:
862:
723:, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 94–113,
714:
324:
This is another inbred strain that is popularly used as a
1138:
Haldane, J. B. S.; Sprunt, A. D.; Haldane, N. M. (1915).
1337:
1170:
1051:
1002:
950:
1230:"The Japanese Waltzing Mouse, Its Origin and Genetics"
903:
717:"Origin and genetic status of Mus musculus molossinus"
813:
1140:"Reduplication in mice (Preliminary Communication)"
1286:
1580:
403:Bussey Institute for Research in Applied Biology
375:in animals was published by a British zoologist
665:
409:and as pet. The majority of the genome is from
319:
184:that originated in Japan. Genetically, it is a
535:Schwarz, Ernst; Schwarz, Henriette K. (1943).
534:
237:in 1845 from a specimen discovered in Nagasaki
393:This black coloured mouse is a sub-strain of
188:between the southeastern Asian house mouse (
1131:
666:Peterson, April L; Payseur, Bret A (2021).
1176:
1098:
358:
1445:
1404:
1393:The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science
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475:
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424:This strain was established in 1998 from
594:
296:to experimentally induced high-fat-diet
194:) and the eastern European house mouse (
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1501:
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1227:
998:
996:
994:
644:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a040476
620:
618:
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441:
582:A Monograph of the Japanese Mammals
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601:. Academic Press. pp. 17–26.
14:
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523:
438:
405:. It is used widely in genetics,
277:
1183:Indian Journal of Human Genetics
33:
1462:
1421:
1380:
1331:
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1092:
1045:
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807:
631:Molecular Biology and Evolution
577:Genshoku Nihon honyûrui zusetsu
1177:Dronamraju, Krishna R (2012).
750:
708:
659:
588:
567:
492:
413:, while smaller portion is of
316:using it cell line called ES.
207:
1:
431:
371:. The first demonstration of
729:10.1017/cbo9781139044547.006
721:Evolution of the House Mouse
377:Arthur Dukinfield Darbishire
320:Japanese fancy mouse 1 (JF1)
7:
388:
336:into European house mouse (
220:
200:). It is thus not a unique
10:
1630:
1099:Darbishire, A. D. (1904).
832:10.1038/s41437-020-00364-y
574:Kuroda, Nagamichi (1940).
1604:Mammals described in 1845
1509:
969:10.1007/s00335-008-9160-7
282:
264:
149:
142:
30:Scientific classification
28:
23:
684:10.1093/genetics/iyaa019
269:Genetic analysis of the
1511:Mus musculus molossinus
1434:The Journal of Heredity
1293:Mayo Clinic Proceedings
1196:10.4103/0971-6866.96634
467:10.3390/cancers13051026
419:
359:Japanese waltzing mouse
241:The Japanese zoologist
231:Coenraad Jacob Temminck
177:Mus musculus molossinus
153:Mus musculus molossinus
1255:10.1073/pnas.11.10.651
1228:Gates, Wm. H. (1925).
882:10.1538/expanim.58.123
775:10.1038/sj.hdy.6800761
1447:10.1093/jhered/esi022
1306:10.4065/mcp.2010.0647
1070:10.1007/s003359900672
1021:10.1101/gr.156497.113
922:10.1007/s003350010129
365:Mendelian inheritance
312:. It is also used in
233:as a unique species,
135:M. m. molossinus
24:Japanese house mouse
1609:Cosmopolitan mammals
869:Experimental Animals
541:Journal of Mammalogy
505:Comparative Medicine
257:into the subspecies
168:Japanese house mouse
16:Subspecies of mammal
1406:10.1292/jvms.62.427
1246:1925PNAS...11..651G
1144:Journal of Genetics
397:created in 1921 by
172:Japanese wild mouse
1356:10.1101/gr.2899304
1156:10.1007/BF02985370
314:stem cell research
227:classical taxonomy
1576:
1575:
1503:Taxon identifiers
1350:(12): 2439–2447.
738:978-1-139-04454-7
608:978-0-12-262501-5
415:M. m. molossinus.
271:mitochondrial DNA
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1058:Mammalian Genome
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1015:(8): 1329–1338.
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957:Mammalian Genome
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411:M. m. domesticus
338:M. m. domesticus
334:M. m. molossinus
259:M. m. molossinus
243:Nagamichi Kuroda
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121:M. musculus
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1240:(10): 651–653.
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191:M. m. castaneus
180:) is a type of
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1481:(2): 277–280.
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1440:(2): 145–149.
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1150:(2): 133–135.
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916:(8): 664–670.
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310:carcinogenesis
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278:Types and uses
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235:Mus molossinus
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197:M. m. musculus
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159:Temminck, 1845
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255:M. molossinus
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1589:Mus (rodent)
1510:
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1064:(1): 15–19.
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742:, retrieved
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637:(1): 63–78.
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547:(1): 59–72.
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399:C. C. Little
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306:inflammation
302:hearing loss
300:, age-onset
286:
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251:Mus musculus
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129:Subspecies:
119:
107:
18:
1614:House mouse
1299:(11): e83.
1111:(1): 1–51.
678:(1): 1–11.
460:(5): 1026.
326:fancy mouse
208:Description
182:house mouse
1583:Categories
1189:(1): 3–8.
1105:Biometrika
744:2021-08-10
432:References
407:toxicology
202:subspecies
1526:Q29582672
784:2115/4868
342:recessive
225:Based on
115:Species:
53:Kingdom:
47:Eukaryota
1540:11775086
1520:Wikidata
1487:19414414
1456:15653560
1415:10823731
1374:15574823
1325:21061734
1274:16587059
1215:22754215
1164:22245638
1086:33793128
1039:23604024
985:31896410
977:19082856
938:23703635
930:10920237
891:19448335
850:32934361
820:Heredity
801:21596428
793:16391552
763:Heredity
702:33683358
672:Genetics
517:10090071
486:33804471
389:C57BL/6J
298:diabetes
221:Taxonomy
93:Family:
87:Rodentia
77:Mammalia
67:Chordata
63:Phylum:
57:Animalia
43:Domain:
1475:In Vivo
1316:2966381
1265:1086181
1242:Bibcode
1206:3385175
1125:2331519
1078:9434939
1030:3730106
841:7852662
693:8045722
653:2833677
561:1374781
477:7957744
454:Cancers
401:at the
395:C57BL/6
345:piebald
289:Mishima
103:Genus:
97:Muridae
83:Order:
73:Class:
1553:972066
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353:allele
308:, and
283:MSM/Ms
265:Origin
214:agouti
186:hybrid
1566:57486
1160:S2CID
1121:JSTOR
1082:S2CID
981:S2CID
934:S2CID
797:S2CID
580:[
557:JSTOR
382:Naomi
369:waltz
332:) of
1561:NCBI
1548:ITIS
1535:GBIF
1483:PMID
1452:PMID
1411:PMID
1370:PMID
1321:PMID
1270:PMID
1211:PMID
1074:PMID
1035:PMID
973:PMID
926:PMID
887:PMID
846:PMID
789:PMID
733:ISBN
698:PMID
649:PMID
603:ISBN
513:PMID
482:PMID
420:MSKR
166:The
1442:doi
1401:doi
1360:PMC
1352:doi
1311:PMC
1301:doi
1260:PMC
1250:doi
1201:PMC
1191:doi
1152:doi
1113:doi
1066:doi
1025:PMC
1017:doi
965:doi
918:doi
877:doi
836:PMC
828:doi
824:126
779:hdl
771:doi
725:doi
688:PMC
680:doi
676:217
639:doi
549:doi
472:PMC
462:doi
170:or
108:Mus
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