1056:), compared to those who have a neurological degenerative condition. A review of the management of degenerative ataxia was published in 2009. A small number of rare conditions presenting with prominent cerebellar ataxia are amenable to specific treatment and recognition of these disorders is critical. Diseases include vitamin E deficiency, abetalipoproteinemia, cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis, NiemannâPick type C disease, Refsum's disease, glucose transporter type 1 deficiency, episodic ataxia type 2, gluten ataxia, glutamic acid decarboxylase ataxia. Novel therapies target the RNA defects associated with cerebellar disorders, using in particular anti-sense oligonucleotides.
6901:
475:, inflammatory , and "chronic lymphocytyc inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids syndrome" ) will cause the type of ataxia corresponding to the site of the lesion: cerebellar if in the cerebellum; sensory if in the dorsal spinal cord...to include cord compression by thickened ligamentum flavum or stenosis of the boney spinal canal...(and rarely in the
1243:, which is responsible for combining and expressing positional information and relating it to movement. Outputs of the posterior parietal cortex include the spinal cord, brain stem motor pathways, pre-motor and pre-frontal cortex, basal ganglia and the cerebellum. Some neurons in the posterior parietal cortex are modulated by intention. Optic ataxia is usually part of
415:. Worsening of the finger-pointing test with the eyes closed is another feature of sensory ataxia. Also, when patients are standing with arms and hands extended toward the physician, if the eyes are closed, the patients' fingers tend to "fall down" and then be restored to the horizontal extended position by sudden muscular contractions (the "ataxic hand").
870:
1185:(ICARS) is one of the most widely used and has been proven to have very high reliability and validity. Other tools that assess motor function, balance and coordination are also highly valuable to help the therapist track the progress of their patient, as well as to quantify the patient's functionality. These tests include, but are not limited to:
1157:
long term outcomes. These outcomes include balance tasks, gait, and individual activities of daily living. While the improvements are attributed primarily to changes in the brain and not just the hip or ankle joints, it is still unknown whether the improvements are due to adaptations in the cerebellum or compensation by other areas of the brain.
176:, many conditions affecting the cerebellum do produce ataxia. People with cerebellar ataxia may have trouble regulating the force, range, direction, velocity, and rhythm of muscle contractions. This results in a characteristic type of irregular, uncoordinated movement that can manifest itself in many possible ways, such as
278:, in which the person tends to separate his/her feet upon standing, to gain a wider base and to avoid titubation (bodily oscillations tending to be forward-backward ones). The instability is, therefore, worsened when standing with the feet together, regardless of whether the eyes are open or closed. This is a negative
1160:
Decomposition, simplification, or slowing of multijoint movement may also be an effective strategy that therapists may use to improve function in patients with ataxia. Training likely needs to be intense and focusedâas indicated by one study performed with stroke patients experiencing limb ataxia who
349:
The rebound phenomenon, also known as the loss of the check reflex, is also sometimes seen in patients with cerebellar ataxia, for example, when patients are flexing their elbows isometrically against a resistance. When the resistance is suddenly removed without warning, the patients' arms may swing
1156:
prevention. Once the physical therapist determines that the individual is able to safely perform parts of the program independently, it is important that the individual be prescribed and regularly engage in a supplementary home exercise program that incorporates these components to further improve
215:. As the condition progresses, walking is characterized by a widened base and high stepping, as well as staggering and lurching from side to side. Turning is also problematic and could result in falls. As cerebellar ataxia becomes severe, great assistance and effort are needed to stand and walk.
998:
related ataxia is part of the group called immune-mediated cerebellar ataxias. The antibodies induce a synaptopathy. The cerebellum is particularly vulnerable to autoimmune disorders. Cerebellar circuitry has capacities to compensate and restore function thanks to cerebellar reserve, gathering
902:
as a result of gluten exposure is irreversible. It accounts for 40% of ataxias of unknown origin and 15% of all ataxias. Less than 10% of people with gluten ataxia present any gastrointestinal symptom and only about 40% have intestinal damage. This entity is classified into primary auto-immune
1136:
for retraining specific functional motor patterns. A recent systematic review suggested that physical therapy is effective, but there is only moderate evidence to support this conclusion. The most commonly used physical therapy interventions for cerebellar ataxia are vestibular habituation,
727:
disorders consisting of degeneration of the cerebellum or of the spine; most cases feature both to some extent, and therefore present with overlapping cerebellar and sensory ataxia, even though one is often more evident than the other. Hereditary disorders causing ataxia include
1165:
which resulted in improvements of their arm function. Treatment should likely include strategies to manage difficulties with everyday activities such as walking. Gait aids (such as a cane or walker) can be provided to decrease the risk of falls associated with impairment of
1047:
The treatment of ataxia and its effectiveness depend on the underlying cause. Treatment may limit or reduce the effects of ataxia, but it is unlikely to eliminate them entirely. Recovery tends to be better in individuals with a single focal injury (such as
874:
674:
may cause generalised or localised sensory ataxia (e.g. a limb only) depending on the extent of the neuropathic involvement. Spinal disorders of various types may cause sensory ataxia from the lesioned level below, when they involve the dorsal columns.
871:
380:
of the spinal cord, because they carry proprioceptive information up to the brain. In some cases, the cause of sensory ataxia may instead be dysfunction of the various parts of the brain that receive positional information, including the cerebellum,
1178:. To obtain better results, possible coexisting motor deficits need to be addressed in addition to those induced by ataxia. For example, muscle weakness and decreased endurance could lead to increasing fatigue and poorer movement patterns.
4300:
Schatton C, Synofzik M, Fleszar Z, Giese MA, Schöls L, Ilg W (June 2017). "Individualized exergame training improves postural control in advanced degenerative spinocerebellar ataxia: A rater-blinded, intra-individually controlled trial".
4382:
Schmitz-HĂŒbsch T, Tezenas du
Montcel S, Baliko L, Boesch S, Bonato S, Fancellu R, et al. (May 2006). "Reliability and validity of the International Cooperative Ataxia Rating Scale: a study in 156 spinocerebellar ataxia patients".
263:. These torques increase as the speed of movement increases and must be compensated and adjusted for to create coordinated movement. This may, therefore, explain decreased coordination at higher movement velocities and accelerations.
167:
is used to indicate ataxia due to dysfunction of the cerebellum. The cerebellum is responsible for integrating a significant amount of neural information that is used to coordinate smoothly ongoing movements and to participate in
2755:"'Medusa head ataxia': the expanding spectrum of Purkinje cell antibodies in autoimmune cerebellar ataxia. Part 3: Anti-Yo/CDR2, anti-Nb/AP3B2, PCA-2, anti-Tr/DNER, other antibodies, diagnostic pitfalls, summary and outlook"
873:
219:, an impairment with articulation, may also be present and is characterized by "scanning" speech that consists of slower rate, irregular rhythm, and variable volume. Also, slurring of speech, tremor of the voice, and
2500:
4703:
4684:
1024:
can sometimes show shrinkage of the cerebellum and other brain structures in people with ataxia. It may also show other treatable findings, such as a blood clot or benign tumour, that could be pressing on the
139:
These nervous system dysfunctions occur in several different patterns, with different results and different possible causes. Ataxia can be limited to one side of the body, which is referred to as hemiataxia.
223:
may occur. Cerebellar ataxia could result with incoordination of movement, particularly in the extremities. Overshooting (or hypermetria) occurs with finger-to-nose testing and heel to shin testing; thus,
994:
Antibodies against the enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD: enzyme changing glutamate into GABA) cause cerebellar deficits. The antibodies impair motor learning and cause behavioral deficits.
243:
in multijoint motion. Interaction torques are created at an associated joint when the primary joint is moved. For example, if a movement required reaching to touch a target in front of the body,
301:
is a concern in patients with ataxia. Studies examining falls in this population show that 74â93% of patients have fallen at least once in the past year and up to 60% admit to fear of falling.
1247:, but can be seen in isolation with injuries to the superior parietal lobule, as it represents a disconnection between visual-association cortex and the frontal premotor and motor cortex.
4426:
Schmitz-HĂŒbsch T, du
Montcel ST, Baliko L, Berciano J, Boesch S, Depondt C, et al. (June 2006). "Scale for the assessment and rating of ataxia: development of a new clinical scale".
2704:"'Medusa head ataxia': the expanding spectrum of Purkinje cell antibodies in autoimmune cerebellar ataxia. Part 2: Anti-PKC-gamma, anti-GluR-delta2, anti-Ca/ARHGAP26 and anti-VGCC"
872:
898:
can improve ataxia and prevent its progression. The effectiveness of the treatment depends on the elapsed time from the onset of the ataxia until diagnosis, because the death of
4047:
Trujillo-MartĂn MM, Serrano-Aguilar P, Monton-Alvarez F, Carrillo-Fumero R (June 2009). "Effectiveness and safety of treatments for degenerative ataxias: a systematic review".
4768:
2653:"'Medusa-head ataxia': the expanding spectrum of Purkinje cell antibodies in autoimmune cerebellar ataxia. Part 1: Anti-mGluR1, anti-Homer-3, anti-Sj/ITPR1 and anti-CARP VIII"
4339:
Richards L, Senesac C, McGuirk T, Woodbury M, Howland D, Davis S, et al. (2008). "Response to intensive upper extremity therapy by individuals with ataxia from stroke".
2492:
4214:
Ilg W, Synofzik M, Brötz D, Burkard S, Giese MA, Schöls L (December 2009). "Intensive coordinative training improves motor performance in degenerative cerebellar disease".
1589:
Fonteyn EM, Schmitz-HĂŒbsch T, Verstappen CC, Baliko L, Bloem BR, Boesch S, et al. (June 2010). "Falls in spinocerebellar ataxias: Results of the EuroSCA Fall Study".
2389:
Osimani A, Berger A, Friedman J, Porat-Katz BS, Abarbanel JM (March 2005). "Neuropsychology of vitamin B12 deficiency in elderly dementia patients and control subjects".
2264:
346:, the required distance or range to reach a target. This is sometimes seen when a patient is asked to reach out and touch someone's finger or touch his or her own nose.
1038:â Determines whether the mutation that causes one of the hereditary ataxic conditions is present. Tests are available for many but not all of the hereditary ataxias.
451:
The three types of ataxia have overlapping causes, so can either coexist or occur in isolation. Cerebellar ataxia can have many causes despite normal neuroimaging.
6312:
611:
may cause, among several neurological abnormalities, overlapping cerebellar and sensory ataxia. Neuropsychological symptoms may include sense loss, difficulty in
3752:"Disease-specific monoclonal antibodies targeting glutamate decarboxylase impair GABAergic neurotransmission and affect motor learning and behavioral functions"
308:(lateral hemispheres) presents as disturbances in carrying out voluntary, planned movements by the extremities (called appendicular ataxia). These include:
5565:
4257:
Martin CL, Tan D, Bragge P, Bialocerkowski A (January 2009). "Effectiveness of physiotherapy for adults with cerebellar dysfunction: a systematic review".
411:
shut. In affected patients, this will cause the instability to worsen markedly, producing wide oscillations and possibly a fall; this is called a positive
1424:
Tada M, Nishizawa M, Onodera O (August 2015). "Redefining cerebellar ataxia in degenerative ataxias: lessons from recent research on cerebellar systems".
944:. This suggests that the pump might not simply be a homeostatic, "housekeeping" molecule for ionic gradients; but could be a computational element in the
6236:
3012:
Sait H, Moirangthem A, Agrawal V, Phadke SR (June 2022). "Autosomal recessive spinocerebellar ataxia-20 due to a novel SNX14 variant in an Indian girl".
1152:, physical therapy should include an exercise program addressing five components: static balance, dynamic balance, trunk-limb coordination, stairs, and
4761:
2608:
Moeller JJ, Macaulay RJ, Valdmanis PN, Weston LE, Rouleau GA, Dupré N (September 2008). "Autosomal dominant sensory ataxia: a neuroaxonal dystrophy".
548:
that produce a dissociative state at high doses). A further class of pharmaceuticals which can cause short term ataxia, especially in high doses, are
6241:
5646:
2123:
1382:
297:(called truncal ataxia), characterised by uncertain starts and stops, lateral deviations, and unequal steps. As a result of this gait impairment,
211:
People with cerebellar ataxia may initially present with poor balance, which could be demonstrated as an inability to stand on one leg or perform
6623:
6185:
1145:(PNF), and balance training; however, therapy is often highly individualized and gait and coordination training are large components of therapy.
3452:"Diagnostic Criteria for Primary Autoimmune Cerebellar Ataxia-Guidelines from an International Task Force on Immune-Mediated Cerebellar Ataxias"
811:
498:
substances that cause ataxia mainly do so because they have a depressant effect on central nervous system function. The most common example is
350:
up and even strike themselves. With an intact check reflex, the patients check and activate the opposing triceps to slow and stop the movement.
314:(coarse trembling, accentuated over the execution of voluntary movements, possibly involving the head and eyes, as well as the limbs and torso)
282:, or more accurately, it denotes the individual's inability to carry out the test, because the individual feels unstable even with open eyes.
4754:
1834:
1182:
624:
1874:
HalmĂĄgyi GM, Curthoys IS (September 2021). "Vestibular contributions to the
Romberg test: Testing semicircular canal and otolith function".
5527:
2180:
Gaudreault P, Guay J, Thivierge RL, Verdy I (1991). "Benzodiazepine poisoning. Clinical and pharmacological considerations and treatment".
1028:
Lumbar puncture (spinal tap) â A needle is inserted into the lower back (lumbar region) between two lumbar vertebrae to obtain a sample of
305:
286:
6925:
765:
1224:
The term "ataxia" is sometimes used in a broader sense to indicate lack of coordination in some physiological process. Examples include
6826:
6396:
396:
strikes, as well as a postural instability that is usually worsened when the lack of proprioceptive input cannot be compensated for by
6378:
5728:
1142:
1346:
Schmahmann JD (2004). "Disorders of the cerebellum: ataxia, dysmetria of thought, and the cerebellar cognitive affective syndrome".
5769:
4642:
3144:
208:. These deficits can vary depending on which cerebellar structures have been damaged, and whether the lesion is bi- or unilateral.
4521:
3232:
327:
Inability to perform rapidly alternating movements, known as dysdiadochokinesia, occurs, and could involve rapidly switching from
6366:
5885:
1467:
Manto M, Godaux E, Jacquy J (January 1994). "Cerebellar hypermetria is larger when the inertial load is artificially increased".
857:
and raises the toxicity levels in the nervous system causing demyelination of the nerves. This can cause ataxia as well as other
354:
4209:
4207:
1181:
There are several assessment tools available to therapists and health care professionals working with patients with ataxia. The
6248:
3852:"Fundamental Mechanisms of Autoantibody-Induced Impairments on Ion Channels and Synapses in Immune-Mediated Cerebellar Ataxias"
692:
6349:
4631:
4204:
2475:
2240:
1697:
5862:
1632:
van de
Warrenburg BP, Steijns JA, Munneke M, Kremer BP, Bloem BR (April 2005). "Falls in degenerative cerebellar ataxias".
439:. In slow-onset, chronic bilateral cases of vestibular dysfunction, these characteristic manifestations may be absent, and
17:
3903:"Immune-Mediated Cerebellar Ataxias: Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Based on Immunological and Physiological Mechanisms"
1510:
Bastian AJ, Zackowski KM, Thach WT (May 2000). "Cerebellar ataxia: torque deficiency or torque mismatch between joints?".
1215:â This test has several variations including finger-to-therapist's finger, finger-to-finger, and alternate nose-to-finger.
6583:
6508:
1162:
903:
cerebellar ataxias (PACA). There is a continuum between presymptomatic ataxia and immune ataxias with clinical deficits.
353:
Patients may exhibit a constellation of subtle to overt cognitive symptoms, which are gathered under the terminology of
6481:
6307:
5919:
5581:
2912:"Gray matter volume of cerebellum associated with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: A cross-sectional analysis"
2522:
Spinazzi M, Angelini C, Patrini C (May 2010). "Subacute sensory ataxia and optic neuropathy with thiamine deficiency".
1205:
tapping tests â The person must quickly and repeatedly tap their arm or leg while the therapist monitors the amount of
741:
1228:(lack of coordination between visual inputs and hand movements, resulting in inability to reach and grab objects) and
6866:
6846:
6606:
6289:
1573:
1401:
1311:
6930:
6300:
6096:
5520:
376:, the loss of sensitivity to the positions of joint and body parts. This is generally caused by dysfunction of the
6476:
5956:
5909:
5364:
6121:
5939:
5743:
776:
4551:
Vallar G (July 2007). "Spatial neglect, Balint-Homes' and
Gerstmann's syndrome, and other spatial disorders".
986:. Ataxia is observed for lower ouabain concentrations, dystonia is observed at higher ouabain concentrations.
5641:
1232:(lack of coordination in respiratory movements, usually due to dysfunction of the respiratory centres in the
1092:
708:
324:(slurred speech, sometimes characterised by explosive variations in voice intensity despite a regular rhythm)
3302:
Mitoma H, Adhikari K, Aeschlimann D, Chattopadhyay P, Hadjivassiliou M, Hampe CS, et al. (April 2016).
188:. Individuals with cerebellar ataxia could also display instability of gait, difficulty with eye movements,
6562:
6529:
6317:
5791:
5733:
5651:
5636:
5626:
5412:
2289:
Rothblum-Oviatt C, Wright J, Lefton-Greif MA, McGrath-Morrow SA, Crawford TO, Lederman HM (November 2016).
760:(sensory and cerebellar, with the latter predominating), autosomal recessive spinocerebellar ataxia-14 and
712:
700:
338:
Inability to judge distances or ranges of movement happens. This dysmetria is often seen as undershooting,
267:
6904:
6256:
5570:
5513:
3750:
Manto M, Honnorat J, Hampe CS, Guerra-Narbona R, LĂłpez-Ramos JC, Delgado-GarcĂa JM, et al. (2015).
2119:
6772:
6735:
6513:
5764:
5656:
1059:
The movement disorders associated with ataxia can be managed by pharmacological treatments and through
4621:
4090:
Ramirez-Zamora A, Zeigler W, Desai N, Biller J (April 2015). "Treatable causes of cerebellar ataxia".
502:(alcohol), which is capable of causing reversible cerebellar and vestibular ataxia. Chronic intake of
6671:
6337:
6226:
5779:
5688:
5631:
5264:
5259:
3174:"Neurological Manifestations of Wilson's Disease: Pathophysiology and Localization of Each Component"
1240:
823:
757:
581:
522:
2112:
2070:"Mechanisms of Ethanol-Induced Cerebellar Ataxia: Underpinnings of Neuronal Death in the Cerebellum"
878:
A male with gluten ataxia: previous situation and evolution after three months of a gluten-free diet
6800:
4746:
4718:
753:
573:
545:
6202:
144:
has gait abnormality as the most commonly presented symptom. Dystaxia is a mild degree of ataxia.
6851:
6656:
6593:
6491:
6466:
5738:
5359:
5155:
3450:
Hadjivassiliou M, Graus F, Honnorat J, Jarius S, Titulaer M, Manto M, et al. (August 2020).
3351:
Sapone A, Bai JC, Ciacci C, Dolinsek J, Green PH, Hadjivassiliou M, et al. (February 2012).
995:
256:
31:
3407:
Hadjivassiliou M, Sanders DD, Aeschlimann DP (2015). "Gluten-related disorders: gluten ataxia".
3057:"Chiari Malformation Type 1: A Systematic Review of Natural History and Conservative Management"
6424:
6371:
6327:
6212:
6180:
5971:
5944:
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4947:
1689:
1565:
826:(GHB) in the body. GHB accumulates in the nervous system and can cause ataxia as well as other
749:
733:
604:
561:
460:
141:
6613:
4697:
3172:
Ortiz JF, Morillo Cox Ă, Tambo W, Eskander N, Wirth M, Valdez M, et al. (November 2020).
1992:
623:, can be reversible with treatment. Complications may include a neurological complex known as
6217:
5801:
5796:
5700:
5662:
5555:
5371:
3246:
GiuffrĂš M, Gazzin S, Zoratti C, Llido JP, Lanza G, Tiribelli C, et al. (December 2022).
1256:
912:
849:
disorder whereby an alteration of the ATP7B gene results in an inability to properly excrete
761:
671:
648:
526:
4828:
4693:
1681:
1557:
1390:
6777:
6764:
6708:
6523:
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5934:
5853:
5786:
5683:
5442:
4910:
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3553:
3542:"The sodium-potassium pump controls the intrinsic firing of the cerebellar Purkinje neuron"
2817:
1244:
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684:
404:
275:
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and associated areas near the midline) presents itself with a wide-based "drunken sailor"
8:
6856:
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6471:
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6101:
5880:
5810:
5598:
5474:
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5299:
3701:"Pathogenic Roles of Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase 65 Autoantibodies in Cerebellar Ataxias"
2158:
1212:
1100:
1072:
1029:
838:
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Symptoms of neurological dysfunction may be the presenting feature in some patients with
518:
229:
3557:
3353:"Spectrum of gluten-related disorders: consensus on new nomenclature and classification"
3224:
3155:
2821:
1835:"A Pt Intervention for a Patient with Sensory Ataxia in the Acute Care Oncology Setting"
1715:"Schmahmann's syndrome - identification of the third cornerstone of clinical ataxiology"
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Manto M, Gandini J, Feil K, Strupp M (February 2020). "Cerebellar ataxias: an update".
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Sharma R, Cramer NP, Perry B, Adahman Z, Murphy EK, Xu X, et al. (November 2019).
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2018:
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3832:
3803:"Immune-mediated Cerebellar Ataxias: Practical Guidelines and Therapeutic Challenges"
3783:
3732:
3681:
3632:
3601:"The sodium-potassium pump is an information processing element in brain computation"
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3522:
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3424:
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3333:
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50:
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3501:"Immune Ataxias: The Continuum of Latent Ataxia, Primary Ataxia and Clinical Ataxia"
2637:
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2418:
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1661:
1618:
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483:); or vestibular if in the vestibular system (including the vestibular areas of the
228:
is evident. Impairments with alternating movements (dysdiadochokinesia), as well as
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3107:
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3021:
2984:
2974:
2933:
2923:
2882:
2874:
2833:
2825:
2776:
2766:
2725:
2715:
2674:
2664:
2617:
2574:
2531:
2398:
2361:
2353:
2312:
2302:
2228:
2189:
2154:
2091:
2081:
2040:
2030:
1964:
1956:
1883:
1846:
1780:
1736:
1726:
1641:
1598:
1519:
1476:
1433:
1355:
1261:
1129:
1060:
941:
895:
541:
311:
121:
109:
3248:"Celiac Disease and Neurological Manifestations: From Gluten to Neuroinflammation"
2963:"Acute Cerebellar Inflammation and Related Ataxia: Mechanisms and Pathophysiology"
6871:
6552:
6537:
6518:
6023:
6018:
5892:
5469:
5402:
5339:
5314:
5304:
5294:
5281:
5271:
4833:
4723:
4474:"Measuring ataxia: quantification based on the standard neurological examination"
4472:
Notermans NC, van Dijk GW, van der Graaf Y, van Gijn J, Wokke JH (January 1994).
4227:
4146:
4014:
3566:
3056:
1960:
1108:
1035:
737:
660:
484:
185:
2232:
423:
The term vestibular ataxia is used to indicate ataxia due to dysfunction of the
6886:
6696:
6676:
6638:
6503:
5924:
5914:
5904:
5712:
5678:
5544:
5459:
5422:
4987:
4975:
4863:
4848:
4734:
4189:
3467:
3072:
2829:
2433:
2288:
1910:
1133:
899:
887:
846:
819:
792:
704:
636:
612:
549:
440:
377:
373:
369:
169:
129:
4712:
4600:
4564:
3319:
2928:
2771:
2720:
2669:
2621:
2307:
1808:
1731:
1602:
1523:
1148:
Current research suggests that, if a person is able to walk with or without a
317:
Peculiar writing abnormalities (large, unequal letters, irregular underlining)
274:) impairs balance and the control of eye movements. This presents itself with
6919:
6861:
6742:
6646:
6542:
6131:
6063:
6013:
6008:
5993:
5988:
5966:
5875:
5842:
5707:
5576:
5494:
5437:
5035:
4925:
4885:
4838:
4823:
4270:
3768:
3617:
2979:
2878:
2565:
Sghirlanzoni A, Pareyson D, Lauria G (June 2005). "Sensory neuron diseases".
2535:
2402:
1860:
1437:
1286:
1266:
1104:
1084:
1053:
796:
553:
537:
480:
386:
239:
Dysmetria is thought to be caused by a deficit in the control of interaction
4381:
3958:
Proceedings of the Japan
Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences
3369:
2806:"Chronic Exposure to High Altitude: Synaptic, Astroglial and Memory Changes"
2357:
822:
disorder where mutations in the ALDH5A1 gene results in the accumulation of
6821:
6811:
6601:
5897:
5432:
5249:
5125:
5118:
5113:
5055:
5040:
4843:
4803:
4612:
4572:
4447:
4404:
4360:
4322:
4278:
4235:
4197:
4154:
4111:
4068:
4022:
3987:
3938:
3887:
3836:
3787:
3736:
3717:
3685:
3636:
3585:
3526:
3485:
3428:
3388:
3337:
3283:
3209:
3129:
3080:
3033:
2998:
2947:
2910:
Lv M, Yang X, Zhou X, Chen J, Wei H, Du D, et al. (7 September 2022).
2847:
2790:
2739:
2688:
2629:
2586:
2543:
2445:
2410:
2375:
2326:
2250:
2145:
Browne TR (May 1976). "Clonazepam. A review of a new anticonvulsant drug".
2105:
2086:
2054:
1978:
1922:
1895:
1785:
1768:
1750:
1653:
1610:
1531:
1445:
1392:
Pathophysiology of the motor systems: principles and clinical presentations
1367:
1149:
1116:
999:
multiple forms of plasticity. LTDpathies gather immune disorders targeting
858:
827:
696:
392:
Sensory ataxia presents itself with an unsteady "stomping" gait with heavy
125:
4507:
4001:
Morton SM, Bastian AJ (December 2009). "Can rehabilitation help ataxia?".
3517:
3500:
3264:
2896:
2201:
1794:
1488:
1480:
6752:
6747:
6618:
6498:
6388:
6281:
6053:
5998:
5603:
5479:
5454:
5354:
5322:
5289:
5245:
5059:
4980:
4915:
4890:
4873:
4489:
3868:
3190:
3025:
2166:
1359:
1196:
1153:
1088:
780:
688:
577:
529:
468:
343:
212:
4352:
3969:
3096:"Disorders of GABA metabolism: SSADH and GABA-transaminase deficiencies"
2035:
989:
335:
of the forearm. Movements become more irregular with increases of speed.
6881:
6713:
6661:
6461:
6434:
6344:
6126:
6106:
6035:
5618:
5608:
5417:
5235:
5230:
5221:
5150:
5084:
5074:
5012:
4935:
4603:. In Pagon RA, Bird TD, Dolan CR, Stephens K, Adam MP, Bird TD (eds.).
3919:
1175:
1096:
1080:
1068:
945:
938:
724:
507:
339:
332:
321:
233:
216:
189:
133:
59:
4676:
4471:
4425:
4396:
4103:
4060:
3954:"Long-term depression and other synaptic plasticity in the cerebellum"
3420:
3301:
3111:
2120:"Inadvertent Ingestion of Marijuana --- Los Angeles, California, 2009"
1887:
1645:
1161:
underwent intensive upper limb retraining. Their therapy consisted of
1071:. Some drug treatments that have been used to control ataxia include:
937:
pump has been shown to control and set the intrinsic activity mode of
6816:
6723:
6557:
6356:
6322:
6175:
6146:
6116:
6048:
6003:
5976:
5824:
5759:
5593:
5588:
5505:
5489:
5449:
5427:
5407:
5381:
5344:
5332:
5240:
5183:
5160:
5089:
5079:
5069:
5050:
5020:
4992:
4965:
4900:
4880:
1631:
1588:
1123:
1112:
1076:
842:
815:
652:
620:
585:
495:
408:
328:
225:
201:
197:
193:
55:
4776:
3667:
6416:
6080:
5386:
5226:
5064:
5045:
983:
644:
533:
511:
476:
436:
427:, which in acute and unilateral cases is associated with prominent
382:
248:
181:
177:
659:. Most of the neurological complications improve completely after
6578:
6136:
5695:
5464:
5135:
3649:
3449:
2223:
DĂez S (2009). "Human Health
Effects of Methylmercury Exposure".
2074:
International
Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
1680:
Schmitz TJ, O'Sullivan SB (2007). "Examination of
Coordination".
953:
806:
771:
683:
Non-hereditary causes of cerebellar degeneration include chronic
532:
ingestion and various other medical and recreational drugs (e.g.
503:
499:
244:
4514:
4089:
3749:
3406:
2225:
5484:
5145:
5030:
5025:
4997:
4813:
4707:
4688:
3650:
Calderon DP, Fremont R, Kraenzlin F, Khodakhah K (March 2011).
3304:"Consensus Paper: Neuroimmune Mechanisms of Cerebellar Ataxias"
2388:
1049:
891:
850:
616:
464:
432:
290:
240:
173:
4338:
2607:
2019:"A Rare Cause of Dizziness and Gait Ataxia: CLIPPERS Syndrome"
6876:
6784:
5949:
5140:
5130:
4256:
3171:
1993:"Ataxia: What It Is, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Types"
979:
949:
854:
589:
517:
Other examples include various prescription drugs (e.g. most
260:
252:
4620:
Manto M, Gruol D, Schmahmann J, Koibuchi N, Rossi F (2013).
4619:
4299:
3849:
3652:"The neural substrates of rapid-onset Dystonia-Parkinsonism"
3402:
3400:
3398:
3011:
2490:
2265:"Radiation Exposure and Contamination - Injuries; Poisoning"
2179:
752:(sensory and cerebellar, with the former predominating) and
4920:
4781:
4528:. The UF College of Medicine Harrell Center. Archived from
2746:
2695:
2644:
656:
510:
by oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stresses induced by
393:
294:
3136:
2860:
2564:
615:, poor balance, loss of sensation in the feet, changes in
560:
concentrations, is also a known cause of ataxia and other
490:
4661:
3900:
3395:
3245:
2863:"Coeliac disease presenting with cerebellar degeneration"
1348:
The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences
678:
6313:
Ban on caffeinated alcoholic drinks in the United States
3850:
Mitoma H, Honnorat J, Yamaguchi K, Manto M (July 2020).
3094:
Parviz M, Vogel K, Gibson KM, Pearl PL (November 2014).
2861:
Hermaszewski RA, Rigby S, Dalgleish AG (November 1991).
2803:
2465:
4213:
3994:
3540:
Forrest MD, Wall MJ, Press DA, Feng J (December 2012).
3350:
2521:
2470:(Ninth ed.). McGraw-Hill Medical. pp. 78â88.
2016:
1908:
1132:
requires a focus on adapting activity and facilitating
1020:
of the brain might help determine potential causes. An
232:, may also be displayed. Tremor of the head and trunk (
4643:"Cerebellar ataxia but normal neuroimaging: now what?"
4132:
3093:
1174:. Severe ataxia may eventually lead to the need for a
764:. An example of X-linked ataxic condition is the rare
407:
by having patients stand with their feet together and
403:
Physicians can find evidence of sensory ataxia during
3297:
3295:
3293:
3054:
2493:"Doctor i am swaying â An interesting case of ataxia"
1679:
1509:
990:
Cerebellar ataxia associated with anti-GAD antibodies
236:) may be seen in individuals with cerebellar ataxia.
172:. Although ataxia is not present with all cerebellar
5566:
Alcohol-related traffic crashes in the United States
4666:
4042:
4040:
3901:
Mitoma H, Manto M, Hadjivassiliou M (January 2021).
3539:
2491:
Pavan MR, Deepak M, Basavaprabhu A, Gupta A (2012).
1423:
1202:
Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA)
666:
27:
Neurological impairment of voluntary muscle movement
6237:
List of countries by alcohol consumption per capita
4623:
Handbook of the Cerebellum and Cerebellar Disorders
3216:
2434:"Subacute Combined Degeneration of the Spinal Cord"
2342:"Vitamin B12 deficiency presenting as acute ataxia"
2017:Maenhoudt W, Ramboer K, Maqueda V (February 2016).
4478:Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry
3344:
3290:
1426:Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry
1389:
6242:Alcohol consumption by youth in the United States
5647:Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism
4601:"Hereditary Ataxia Overview (last revision 2012)"
4467:
4465:
4037:
2854:
2466:Victor M, Ropper AH, Adams RD, Samuels M (2009).
2459:
2067:
1466:
1383:"Disorders of the Cerebellum and Its Connections"
6917:
4334:
4332:
3800:
3698:
1873:
1374:
783:. It consists of a downward displacement of the
6624:Foundation for Advancing Alcohol Responsibility
3055:Langridge B, Phillips E, Choi D (August 2017).
2752:
2701:
2650:
2440:. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing.
2431:
1917:. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing.
4462:
2909:
1762:
1760:
812:Succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency
807:Succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency
772:ArnoldâChiari malformation (congenital ataxia)
5521:
4762:
4329:
4000:
2960:
2391:Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology
1832:
1239:Optic ataxia may be caused by lesions to the
1183:International Cooperative Ataxia Rating Scale
625:subacute combined degeneration of spinal cord
128:, that indicates dysfunction of parts of the
6186:International Women's Collaboration Brew Day
4544:
4419:
4250:
4169:
3222:
3014:American Journal of Medical Genetics. Part A
2216:
2068:Mitoma H, Manto M, Shaikh AG (August 2021).
2061:
1625:
1551:
1549:
1341:
1339:
1337:
1335:
1333:
1331:
1329:
572:Ataxia can be induced as a result of severe
3856:International Journal of Molecular Sciences
3498:
3252:International Journal of Molecular Sciences
2954:
2797:
2497:Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research
2339:
2173:
2023:Journal of the Belgian Society of Radiology
1942:
1757:
1712:
1582:
1503:
766:fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome
6827:Medicinal Liquor Prescriptions Act of 1933
6397:List of countries with alcohol prohibition
5528:
5514:
4769:
4755:
2484:
2468:Adams and Victor's Principles of Neurology
2138:
1909:Forbes J, Munakomi S, Cronovich H (2024).
1675:
1673:
1671:
1555:
1380:
1345:
372:is used to indicate ataxia due to loss of
259:of the elbow would create a torque at the
5729:Short-term effects of alcohol consumption
4497:
3977:
3928:
3918:
3877:
3867:
3826:
3777:
3767:
3726:
3716:
3675:
3626:
3616:
3575:
3565:
3516:
3475:
3378:
3368:
3327:
3273:
3263:
3199:
3189:
3143:Walshe JM. Clarke CE, Nicholl DJ (eds.).
3119:
2988:
2978:
2937:
2927:
2886:
2837:
2780:
2770:
2729:
2719:
2678:
2668:
2365:
2316:
2306:
2095:
2085:
2044:
2034:
1968:
1850:
1784:
1740:
1730:
1546:
1326:
1143:proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation
890:, which is triggered by the ingestion of
853:from the body. Copper accumulates in the
595:
3152:Birmingham Movement Disorders Coursebook
3087:
2753:Jarius S, Wildemann B (September 2015).
2702:Jarius S, Wildemann B (September 2015).
2651:Jarius S, Wildemann B (September 2015).
868:
556:, through consumption of fish with high
6367:Legal drinking age in the United States
4598:
4526:Online physical exam teaching assistant
4176:Perlman SL (November 2006). "Ataxias".
4175:
3598:
2903:
1766:
1668:
1388:. In Saladin LK, Fredericks CM (eds.).
894:. Early diagnosis and treatment with a
491:Exogenous substances (metabolic ataxia)
124:, speech changes, and abnormalities in
14:
6918:
5535:
4640:
4550:
3951:
2144:
1564:. Sunderland, Mass: Sinauer. pp.
679:Non-hereditary cerebellar degeneration
576:with an absorbed dose of more than 30
567:
400:, such as in poorly lit environments.
268:Dysfunction of the vestibulocerebellum
132:that coordinate movement, such as the
112:α- + -ÏÎŹÎŸÎčÏ = "lack of order") is a
6350:List of dry communities by U.S. state
5509:
4750:
4607:. University of Washington, Seattle.
1688:. Philadelphia: F.A. Davis. pp.
915:may be a factor in some ataxias. The
718:
521:have cerebellar ataxia as a possible
5863:List of methanol poisoning incidents
4303:Parkinsonism & Related Disorders
3801:Mitoma H, Manto M, Hampe CS (2019).
3756:Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience
3699:Mitoma H, Manto M, Hampe CS (2017).
2222:
2159:10.1001/archneur.1976.00500050012003
982:results in it displaying ataxia and
711:, and infectious or post-infectious
627:, and other neurological disorders.
584:may have a high sensitivity towards
6584:Alcohol consumption recommendations
6509:Temperance and Good Citizenship Day
3505:Journal of Integrative Neuroscience
2961:Parvez MS, Ohtsuki G (March 2022).
1955:(4 Movement Disorders): 1208â1226.
1560:Neuroanatomy through clinical cases
1287:"Dystaxia Definition & Meaning"
1163:constraint-induced movement therapy
833:
24:
6926:Symptoms and signs: Nervous system
6308:Alcohol packaging warning messages
5920:Alcohol use among college students
5582:Drunk driving in the United States
4819:Festinating gait/Parkinsonian gait
4591:
4440:10.1212/01.wnl.0000219042.60538.92
3235:from the original on 27 July 2014.
3225:"Wilson's disease â PubMed Health"
3142:
2269:Merck Manuals Professional Edition
2227:. Vol. 198. pp. 111â32.
978:pumps in the cerebellum of a live
742:dentatorubropallidoluysian atrophy
82:Deterioration of fine motor skills
25:
6942:
6867:Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
6847:Index of alcohol-related articles
6290:Administrative License Suspension
4655:
3819:10.2174/1570159X16666180917105033
2340:Crawford JR, Say D (March 2013).
2295:Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases
2291:"Ataxia telangiectasia: a review"
1943:Ashizawa T, Xia G (August 2016).
906:
667:Causes of isolated sensory ataxia
630:
6900:
6899:
6301:Alcoholic beverage control state
6097:Andrew Johnson alcoholism debate
5413:Overpronation/Flexible flat feet
4662:National Ataxia Foundation (USA)
4315:10.1016/j.parkreldis.2017.03.016
3499:Manto M, Mitoma H (April 2024).
2194:10.2165/00002018-199106040-00003
2126:from the original on 11 May 2011
1852:10.1097/01893697-201230010-00010
1312:"Ataxia - Symptoms & Causes"
864:
525:), Lithium level over 1.5mEq/L,
459:Any type of focal lesion of the
454:
118:coordination of muscle movements
116:consisting of lack of voluntary
5910:Alcohol in association football
4522:"OPETA: Neurologic Examination"
4375:
4341:Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation
4293:
4126:
4083:
3945:
3894:
3843:
3794:
3743:
3692:
3643:
3592:
3533:
3492:
3443:
3239:
3165:
3048:
3005:
2601:
2558:
2515:
2503:from the original on 8 May 2014
2425:
2382:
2333:
2282:
2257:
2010:
1985:
1936:
1902:
1867:
1826:
1801:
1706:
6122:List of deaths through alcohol
5940:Epidemiology of binge drinking
5744:Subjective response to alcohol
3705:Journal of Immunology Research
2432:Qudsiya Z, De Jesus O (2022).
1460:
1417:
1304:
1279:
799:as a result of obstruction of
443:may be the sole presentation.
13:
1:
6607:Sweat alcohol content monitor
5642:Alcoholism in rural Australia
4178:Clinics in Geriatric Medicine
3907:Journal of Movement Disorders
3100:Journal of Pediatric Epilepsy
2579:10.1016/S1474-4422(05)70096-X
1876:European Journal of Neurology
1272:
1219:
1093:trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole
1003:(LTD), a form of plasticity.
709:normal-pressure hydrocephalus
552:. Exposure to high levels of
418:
251:would create a torque at the
184:, delayed reaction time, and
152:
79:Trouble eating and swallowing
6530:Adult Children of Alcoholics
6318:Drunk driving law by country
5734:Long-term effects of alcohol
5652:Disease theory of alcoholism
5637:Alcoholism in family systems
5627:Alcohol and Native Americans
4864:Myopathic gait/Waddling gait
4228:10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181c33adf
4147:10.1097/WCO.0000000000000774
4135:Current Opinion in Neurology
4015:10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181c33b21
3599:Forrest MD (December 2014).
3567:10.1371/journal.pone.0051169
2867:Postgraduate Medical Journal
2759:Journal of Neuroinflammation
2708:Journal of Neuroinflammation
2657:Journal of Neuroinflammation
1961:10.1212/CON.0000000000000362
1833:Ruppert L, Kendig T (2012).
1396:. Philadelphia: F.A. Davis.
1195:Tandem Walking (to test for
1042:
1006:
701:high-altitude cerebral edema
7:
6257:International whisk(e)y day
5571:Driving under the influence
2233:10.1007/978-0-387-09647-6_3
1250:
639:. These include reversible
10:
6947:
6773:Christian views on alcohol
6379:List of alcohol laws of US
5657:High-functioning alcoholic
4190:10.1016/j.cger.2006.06.011
3468:10.1007/s12311-020-01132-8
3073:10.1016/j.wneu.2017.04.082
2830:10.1038/s41598-019-52563-1
1713:Manto M, Mariën P (2015).
1512:Journal of Neurophysiology
1314:. Mayo Clinic. 3 June 2020
777:ArnoldâChiari malformation
580:. Furthermore, those with
363:
156:
91:Eye movement abnormalities
29:
6895:
6839:
6793:
6763:
6687:
6672:Alcoholic spirits measure
6657:Low-alcoholic malt drinks
6571:
6415:
6387:
6338:Ignition interlock device
6280:
6271:
6227:Drunken monkey hypothesis
6160:
6089:
6060:Routes of administration
5841:
5752:
5721:
5689:Alcohol congener analysis
5671:
5632:Alcoholism in adolescence
5617:
5554:
5543:
5395:
5313:
5280:
5265:Lower motor neuron lesion
5260:Upper motor neuron lesion
5182:
5098:
5065:Myotonia / Pseudomyotonia
5011:
4946:
4788:
4780:relating to movement and
4670:
4565:10.1017/S1092852900021271
3807:Current Neuropharmacology
3320:10.1007/s12311-015-0664-x
2929:10.3389/fneur.2022.922199
2772:10.1186/s12974-015-0358-9
2721:10.1186/s12974-015-0357-x
2670:10.1186/s12974-015-0356-y
2622:10.1007/s00401-008-0362-6
2524:Nature Reviews. Neurology
2308:10.1186/s13023-016-0543-7
1732:10.1186/s40673-015-0023-1
1603:10.1007/s12311-010-0155-z
1524:10.1152/jn.2000.83.5.3019
1241:posterior parietal cortex
900:neurons in the cerebellum
824:gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid
779:is a malformation of the
574:acute radiation poisoning
546:NMDA receptor antagonists
446:
65:
49:
44:
4271:10.1177/0269215508097853
3769:10.3389/fnbeh.2015.00078
3618:10.3389/fphys.2014.00472
2980:10.3390/brainsci12030367
2879:10.1136/pgmj.67.793.1023
2536:10.1038/nrneurol.2010.16
2403:10.1177/0891988704272308
1767:Bastian AJ (June 1997).
1719:Cerebellum & Ataxias
1438:10.1136/jnnp-2013-307225
147:
6931:Complications of stroke
6852:Alcohol and spaceflight
6594:Alcohol server training
6467:Managed alcohol program
6045:Binge drinking devices
5739:Pharmacology of ethanol
4259:Clinical Rehabilitation
3605:Frontiers in Physiology
3370:10.1186/1741-7015-10-13
2358:10.1136/bcr-2013-008840
1839:Rehabilitation Oncology
1684:Physical rehabilitation
1115:, and a combination of
861:and organ impairments.
695:and non-paraneoplastic
672:Peripheral neuropathies
32:Ataxia (disambiguation)
6457:Alcohol rehabilitation
6425:Alcohol detoxification
6328:Field sobriety testing
6213:Health effects of wine
6181:International Beer Day
5945:Holiday heart syndrome
2916:Frontiers in Neurology
2087:10.3390/ijerph18168678
1769:"Mechanisms of ataxia"
1381:Fredericks CM (1996).
879:
734:spinocerebellar ataxia
562:neurological disorders
506:causes atrophy of the
461:central nervous system
320:A peculiar pattern of
6709:Disulfiram-like drugs
6249:Ritual use of alcohol
6218:Wine and food pairing
6203:Apéritif and digestif
5854:Adulterated moonshine
5701:Blood alcohol content
5663:Seeing pink elephants
5372:Boutonniere deformity
3518:10.31083/j.jin2304079
3265:10.3390/ijms232415564
3161:on 10 September 2011.
2610:Acta Neuropathologica
2567:The Lancet. Neurology
2147:Archives of Neurology
1556:Blumenfeld H (2002).
1481:10.1002/ana.410350108
1257:Ataxic cerebral palsy
913:sodium-potassium pump
877:
762:abetalipoproteinaemia
758:ataxiaâtelangiectasia
723:Ataxia may depend on
663:replacement therapy.
649:peripheral neuropathy
582:ataxia telangiectasia
527:synthetic cannabinoid
355:Schmahmann's syndrome
6778:Alcohol in the Bible
6765:Religion and alcohol
6731:General anaesthetics
6524:Alcoholics Anonymous
6482:List of mixed drinks
5935:Alcohol intoxication
5850:Adulterated alcohol
5443:Clasp-knife response
4490:10.1136/jnnp.57.1.22
3869:10.3390/ijms21144936
3718:10.1155/2017/2913297
3223:Haldeman-Englert C.
3191:10.7759/cureus.11509
3026:10.1002/ajmg.a.62701
1786:10.1093/ptj/77.6.672
1360:10.1176/jnp.16.3.367
1065:occupational therapy
1012:Imaging studies â A
1001:long-term depression
882:Gluten ataxia is an
795:, sometimes causing
754:NiemannâPick disease
685:alcohol use disorder
405:physical examination
276:postural instability
272:flocculonodular lobe
73:Lack of coordination
30:For other uses, see
18:Loss of coordination
6857:Gateway drug effect
6643:Low-alcohol drinks
6472:Non-alcoholic drink
6407:Temperance movement
6389:Alcohol prohibition
6112:Gilbert Paul Jordan
6102:Dionysian Mysteries
5886:on college campuses
5881:Alcohol advertising
5599:Public intoxication
5475:Conversion disorder
5377:Swan neck deformity
5300:Locomotive syndrome
4353:10.1310/tsr1503-262
3970:10.2183/pjab.89.183
3656:Nature Neuroscience
3558:2012PLoSO...751169F
2822:2019NatSR...916406S
2036:10.5334/jbr-btr.997
1469:Annals of Neurology
1213:finger-nose testing
1101:phosphatidylcholine
1073:5-hydroxytryptophan
1030:cerebrospinal fluid
911:Malfunction of the
801:cerebrospinal fluid
750:Friedreich's ataxia
746:autosomal recessive
568:Radiation poisoning
544:, all of which are
519:antiepileptic drugs
342:, or overshooting,
304:Dysfunction of the
285:Dysfunction of the
142:Friedreich's ataxia
6689:Addiction medicine
6632:Get Your Sexy Back
6572:Alcohol limitation
6548:Sober living house
6514:Twelve-step groups
6447:Brief intervention
6440:Open-container law
6402:Neo-prohibitionism
6362:Legal drinking age
6168:Alcoholic beverage
6069:Alcohol inhalation
5984:Drinking in public
5962:Blackout Wednesday
5820:Beverage-specific
5537:Alcohol and health
5212:Spastic paraplegia
5202:Spastic paraplegia
5197:Periodic paralysis
5106:Abnormal posturing
4971:Dysdiadochokinesia
4907:Asynchronous gait
4869:Trendelenburg gait
4829:Marche Ă petit pas
4778:Signs and symptoms
4599:Perlman S (1998).
4385:Movement Disorders
4184:(4): 859â77, vii.
4092:Movement Disorders
4049:Movement Disorders
3920:10.14802/jmd.20040
3409:Digestive Diseases
3145:"Wilson's Disease"
3061:World Neurosurgery
2873:(793): 1023â1024.
2810:Scientific Reports
1634:Movement Disorders
1230:ataxic respiration
1207:dysdiadochokinesia
1197:Tandem gaitability
1191:Berg Balance Scale
884:autoimmune disease
880:
785:cerebellar tonsils
748:disorders such as
730:autosomal dominant
719:Hereditary ataxias
473:multiple sclerosis
221:ataxic respiration
206:dysdiadochokinesia
88:Gait abnormalities
85:Difficulty walking
6913:
6912:
6835:
6834:
6785:Islam and alcohol
6719:Calcium carbimide
6589:Alcohol education
6477:List of cocktails
6452:Designated driver
6430:Alcohol-free zone
6333:Hip flask defence
6267:
6266:
6208:Hangover remedies
6152:Whiskey Rebellion
6142:Six o'clock swill
5930:Austrian syndrome
5869:Surrogate alcohol
5859:Denatured alcohol
5831:Red wine headache
5503:
5502:
5192:Flaccid paralysis
5013:Abnormal movement
5003:Hemimotor neglect
4961:Cerebellar ataxia
4911:Gunslinger's gait
4809:Cerebellar ataxia
4744:
4743:
4641:Esmail S (2018).
4633:978-94-007-1332-1
4434:(11): 1717â1720.
4397:10.1002/mds.20781
4222:(22): 1823â1830.
4104:10.1002/mds.26158
4061:10.1002/mds.22564
4009:(22): 1818â1819.
3952:Hirano T (2013).
3421:10.1159/000369509
3112:10.3233/PEP-14097
2477:978-0-07-149992-7
2352:: bcr2013008840.
2242:978-0-387-09646-9
1888:10.1111/ene.14942
1699:978-0-8036-1247-1
1646:10.1002/mds.20375
1245:Balint's syndrome
1234:medulla oblongata
1139:Frenkel exercises
875:
641:cerebellar ataxia
425:vestibular system
306:cerebrocerebellum
165:cerebellar ataxia
159:Cerebellar ataxia
120:that can include
114:neurological sign
103:
102:
39:Medical condition
16:(Redirected from
6938:
6903:
6902:
6702:Chlordiazepoxide
6652:Low-alcohol beer
6296:Alcohol monopoly
6278:
6277:
6198:Drinking culture
6191:Women in brewing
6074:Vodka eyeballing
6041:Passive drinking
5552:
5551:
5530:
5523:
5516:
5507:
5506:
5207:Spastic diplegia
5174:Tonic immobility
5166:Waxy flexibility
5110:Stooped posture
4916:Hemiparetic gait
4897:Asymmetric gait
4796:Gait abnormality
4771:
4764:
4757:
4748:
4747:
4668:
4667:
4650:
4637:
4616:
4585:
4584:
4548:
4542:
4541:
4539:
4537:
4532:on 18 March 2012
4518:
4512:
4511:
4501:
4469:
4460:
4459:
4423:
4417:
4416:
4379:
4373:
4372:
4336:
4327:
4326:
4297:
4291:
4290:
4254:
4248:
4247:
4211:
4202:
4201:
4173:
4167:
4166:
4130:
4124:
4123:
4087:
4081:
4080:
4055:(8): 1111â1124.
4044:
4035:
4034:
3998:
3992:
3991:
3981:
3949:
3943:
3942:
3932:
3922:
3898:
3892:
3891:
3881:
3871:
3847:
3841:
3840:
3830:
3798:
3792:
3791:
3781:
3771:
3747:
3741:
3740:
3730:
3720:
3696:
3690:
3689:
3679:
3647:
3641:
3640:
3630:
3620:
3596:
3590:
3589:
3579:
3569:
3537:
3531:
3530:
3520:
3496:
3490:
3489:
3479:
3447:
3441:
3440:
3404:
3393:
3392:
3382:
3372:
3348:
3342:
3341:
3331:
3299:
3288:
3287:
3277:
3267:
3243:
3237:
3236:
3220:
3214:
3213:
3203:
3193:
3169:
3163:
3162:
3160:
3154:. Archived from
3149:
3140:
3134:
3133:
3123:
3091:
3085:
3084:
3052:
3046:
3045:
3020:(6): 1909â1914.
3009:
3003:
3002:
2992:
2982:
2958:
2952:
2951:
2941:
2931:
2907:
2901:
2900:
2890:
2858:
2852:
2851:
2841:
2801:
2795:
2794:
2784:
2774:
2750:
2744:
2743:
2733:
2723:
2699:
2693:
2692:
2682:
2672:
2648:
2642:
2641:
2605:
2599:
2598:
2562:
2556:
2555:
2519:
2513:
2512:
2510:
2508:
2488:
2482:
2481:
2463:
2457:
2456:
2454:
2452:
2429:
2423:
2422:
2386:
2380:
2379:
2369:
2346:BMJ Case Reports
2337:
2331:
2330:
2320:
2310:
2286:
2280:
2279:
2277:
2275:
2261:
2255:
2254:
2220:
2214:
2213:
2177:
2171:
2170:
2142:
2136:
2135:
2133:
2131:
2116:
2110:
2109:
2099:
2089:
2065:
2059:
2058:
2048:
2038:
2014:
2008:
2007:
2005:
2003:
1997:Cleveland Clinic
1989:
1983:
1982:
1972:
1940:
1934:
1933:
1931:
1929:
1906:
1900:
1899:
1882:(9): 3211â3219.
1871:
1865:
1864:
1854:
1830:
1824:
1823:
1821:
1819:
1809:"Sensory Ataxia"
1805:
1799:
1798:
1788:
1773:Physical Therapy
1764:
1755:
1754:
1744:
1734:
1710:
1704:
1703:
1687:
1677:
1666:
1665:
1629:
1623:
1622:
1586:
1580:
1579:
1563:
1553:
1544:
1543:
1518:(5): 3019â3030.
1507:
1501:
1500:
1464:
1458:
1457:
1421:
1415:
1414:
1412:
1410:
1395:
1387:
1378:
1372:
1371:
1343:
1324:
1323:
1321:
1319:
1308:
1302:
1301:
1299:
1297:
1283:
1262:Locomotor ataxia
1130:Physical therapy
1091:or derivatives,
1061:physical therapy
1023:
1019:
1015:
977:
976:
975:
966:
965:
964:
942:Purkinje neurons
936:
935:
934:
925:
924:
923:
896:gluten-free diet
876:
839:Wilson's disease
834:Wilson's disease
619:, dementia, and
542:dextromethorphan
312:Intention tremor
122:gait abnormality
42:
41:
21:
6946:
6945:
6941:
6940:
6939:
6937:
6936:
6935:
6916:
6915:
6914:
6909:
6891:
6872:Self-medication
6831:
6789:
6759:
6697:Benzodiazepines
6683:
6567:
6553:Sobering center
6538:Sober companion
6519:Al-Anon/Alateen
6411:
6383:
6273:
6263:
6156:
6085:
6025:In vino veritas
6019:Hair of the dog
5837:
5753:Adverse effects
5748:
5717:
5667:
5613:
5557:
5556:Alcohol-related
5547:
5539:
5534:
5504:
5499:
5470:Motion sickness
5403:Rachitic rosary
5391:
5340:Joint stiffness
5315:Range of motion
5309:
5276:
5272:Sleep paralysis
5256:General causes
5178:
5094:
5007:
4942:
4854:Vestibular gait
4834:Propulsive gait
4784:
4775:
4745:
4740:
4739:
4679:
4658:
4653:
4634:
4594:
4592:Further reading
4589:
4588:
4549:
4545:
4535:
4533:
4520:
4519:
4515:
4470:
4463:
4424:
4420:
4380:
4376:
4337:
4330:
4298:
4294:
4255:
4251:
4212:
4205:
4174:
4170:
4131:
4127:
4088:
4084:
4045:
4038:
3999:
3995:
3950:
3946:
3899:
3895:
3848:
3844:
3799:
3795:
3748:
3744:
3697:
3693:
3668:10.1038/nn.2753
3648:
3644:
3597:
3593:
3538:
3534:
3497:
3493:
3448:
3444:
3405:
3396:
3349:
3345:
3300:
3291:
3244:
3240:
3221:
3217:
3170:
3166:
3158:
3147:
3141:
3137:
3092:
3088:
3053:
3049:
3010:
3006:
2959:
2955:
2908:
2904:
2859:
2855:
2802:
2798:
2751:
2747:
2700:
2696:
2649:
2645:
2606:
2602:
2563:
2559:
2520:
2516:
2506:
2504:
2489:
2485:
2478:
2464:
2460:
2450:
2448:
2430:
2426:
2387:
2383:
2338:
2334:
2287:
2283:
2273:
2271:
2263:
2262:
2258:
2243:
2221:
2217:
2178:
2174:
2143:
2139:
2129:
2127:
2118:
2117:
2113:
2066:
2062:
2015:
2011:
2001:
1999:
1991:
1990:
1986:
1941:
1937:
1927:
1925:
1907:
1903:
1872:
1868:
1831:
1827:
1817:
1815:
1807:
1806:
1802:
1765:
1758:
1711:
1707:
1700:
1678:
1669:
1630:
1626:
1587:
1583:
1576:
1554:
1547:
1508:
1504:
1465:
1461:
1422:
1418:
1408:
1406:
1404:
1385:
1379:
1375:
1344:
1327:
1317:
1315:
1310:
1309:
1305:
1295:
1293:
1285:
1284:
1280:
1275:
1253:
1222:
1120:
1109:4-aminopyridine
1045:
1036:Genetic testing
1021:
1017:
1013:
1009:
992:
974:
972:
971:
970:
968:
963:
961:
960:
959:
957:
933:
931:
930:
929:
927:
922:
920:
919:
918:
916:
909:
869:
867:
836:
809:
774:
738:episodic ataxia
721:
681:
669:
661:thyroid hormone
633:
608:
602:
599:
570:
550:benzodiazepines
493:
485:cerebral cortex
457:
449:
421:
366:
287:spinocerebellum
186:dyschronometria
161:
155:
150:
40:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6944:
6934:
6933:
6928:
6911:
6910:
6908:
6907:
6896:
6893:
6892:
6890:
6889:
6887:French paradox
6884:
6879:
6874:
6869:
6864:
6859:
6854:
6849:
6843:
6841:
6837:
6836:
6833:
6832:
6830:
6829:
6824:
6819:
6814:
6809:
6797:
6795:
6791:
6790:
6788:
6787:
6782:
6781:
6780:
6769:
6767:
6761:
6760:
6758:
6757:
6756:
6755:
6750:
6743:Sulfonic acids
6740:
6739:
6738:
6728:
6727:
6726:
6721:
6716:
6706:
6705:
6704:
6693:
6691:
6685:
6684:
6682:
6681:
6680:
6679:
6677:Standard drink
6674:
6666:
6665:
6664:
6659:
6654:
6649:
6641:
6639:Liquor license
6636:
6635:
6634:
6626:
6621:
6616:
6611:
6610:
6609:
6604:
6596:
6591:
6586:
6581:
6575:
6573:
6569:
6568:
6566:
6565:
6560:
6555:
6550:
6545:
6540:
6535:
6534:
6533:
6527:
6521:
6511:
6506:
6504:Temperance bar
6501:
6496:
6495:
6494:
6489:
6484:
6479:
6469:
6464:
6459:
6454:
6449:
6444:
6443:
6442:
6437:
6427:
6421:
6419:
6413:
6412:
6410:
6409:
6404:
6399:
6393:
6391:
6385:
6384:
6382:
6381:
6376:
6375:
6374:
6369:
6359:
6354:
6353:
6352:
6342:
6341:
6340:
6335:
6330:
6325:
6315:
6310:
6305:
6304:
6303:
6293:
6286:
6284:
6275:
6269:
6268:
6265:
6264:
6262:
6261:
6260:
6259:
6251:
6246:
6245:
6244:
6234:
6229:
6224:
6223:
6222:
6221:
6220:
6210:
6205:
6195:
6194:
6193:
6188:
6183:
6178:
6170:
6164:
6162:
6158:
6157:
6155:
6154:
6149:
6144:
6139:
6134:
6129:
6124:
6119:
6114:
6109:
6104:
6099:
6093:
6091:
6087:
6086:
6084:
6083:
6078:
6077:
6076:
6071:
6066:
6058:
6057:
6056:
6051:
6043:
6038:
6033:
6028:
6021:
6016:
6011:
6006:
6001:
5996:
5991:
5986:
5981:
5980:
5979:
5974:
5964:
5959:
5954:
5953:
5952:
5947:
5942:
5937:
5932:
5925:Binge drinking
5922:
5917:
5915:Alcohol powder
5912:
5907:
5905:Alcohol myopia
5902:
5901:
5900:
5890:
5889:
5888:
5878:
5873:
5872:
5871:
5866:
5856:
5847:
5845:
5839:
5838:
5836:
5835:
5834:
5833:
5827:
5818:
5813:
5804:
5799:
5794:
5789:
5784:
5783:
5782:
5772:
5767:
5762:
5756:
5754:
5750:
5749:
5747:
5746:
5741:
5736:
5731:
5725:
5723:
5719:
5718:
5716:
5715:
5713:Wine chemistry
5710:
5705:
5704:
5703:
5693:
5692:
5691:
5681:
5679:Beer chemistry
5675:
5673:
5669:
5668:
5666:
5665:
5660:
5654:
5649:
5644:
5639:
5634:
5629:
5623:
5621:
5615:
5614:
5612:
5611:
5606:
5601:
5596:
5591:
5586:
5585:
5584:
5574:
5568:
5562:
5560:
5549:
5541:
5540:
5533:
5532:
5525:
5518:
5510:
5501:
5500:
5498:
5497:
5492:
5487:
5482:
5477:
5472:
5467:
5462:
5460:Astasia-abasia
5457:
5452:
5447:
5446:
5445:
5435:
5430:
5425:
5423:Bow-leggedness
5420:
5415:
5410:
5405:
5399:
5397:
5393:
5392:
5390:
5389:
5384:
5379:
5374:
5369:
5368:
5367:
5362:
5357:
5347:
5342:
5337:
5336:
5335:
5330:
5319:
5317:
5311:
5310:
5308:
5307:
5302:
5297:
5292:
5286:
5284:
5278:
5277:
5275:
5274:
5269:
5268:
5267:
5262:
5254:
5253:
5252:
5243:
5238:
5233:
5224:
5216:
5215:
5214:
5209:
5199:
5194:
5188:
5186:
5180:
5179:
5177:
5176:
5171:
5168:
5163:
5158:
5153:
5148:
5143:
5138:
5133:
5128:
5123:
5122:
5121:
5116:
5108:
5102:
5100:
5096:
5095:
5093:
5092:
5087:
5082:
5077:
5072:
5067:
5062:
5053:
5048:
5043:
5038:
5033:
5028:
5023:
5017:
5015:
5009:
5008:
5006:
5005:
5000:
4995:
4990:
4988:Sensory ataxia
4985:
4984:
4983:
4978:
4976:Pronator drift
4973:
4968:
4958:
4952:
4950:
4944:
4943:
4941:
4940:
4939:
4938:
4930:
4929:
4928:
4923:
4918:
4913:
4905:
4904:
4903:
4895:
4894:
4893:
4888:
4878:
4877:
4876:
4871:
4866:
4858:
4857:
4856:
4851:
4849:Truncal ataxia
4846:
4841:
4836:
4831:
4826:
4821:
4816:
4811:
4806:
4798:
4792:
4790:
4786:
4785:
4774:
4773:
4766:
4759:
4751:
4742:
4741:
4738:
4737:
4726:
4715:
4700:
4680:
4675:
4674:
4672:
4671:Classification
4665:
4664:
4657:
4656:External links
4654:
4652:
4651:
4638:
4632:
4617:
4605:All GeneReview
4595:
4593:
4590:
4587:
4586:
4559:(7): 527â536.
4543:
4513:
4461:
4418:
4391:(5): 699â704.
4374:
4347:(3): 262â271.
4328:
4292:
4249:
4203:
4168:
4141:(1): 150â160.
4125:
4098:(5): 614â623.
4082:
4036:
3993:
3964:(5): 183â195.
3944:
3893:
3842:
3793:
3742:
3691:
3662:(3): 357â365.
3642:
3591:
3552:(12): e51169.
3532:
3491:
3462:(4): 605â610.
3442:
3415:(2): 264â268.
3394:
3343:
3314:(2): 213â232.
3289:
3238:
3215:
3184:(11): e11509.
3164:
3135:
3106:(4): 217â227.
3086:
3047:
3004:
2967:Brain Sciences
2953:
2902:
2853:
2796:
2745:
2694:
2643:
2616:(3): 331â336.
2600:
2573:(6): 349â361.
2557:
2530:(5): 288â293.
2514:
2483:
2476:
2458:
2424:
2381:
2332:
2281:
2256:
2241:
2215:
2188:(4): 247â265.
2172:
2153:(5): 326â332.
2137:
2111:
2060:
2009:
1984:
1935:
1911:"Romberg Test"
1901:
1866:
1825:
1800:
1779:(6): 672â675.
1756:
1705:
1698:
1667:
1640:(4): 497â500.
1624:
1597:(2): 232â239.
1581:
1574:
1545:
1502:
1459:
1432:(8): 922â928.
1416:
1402:
1373:
1354:(3): 367â378.
1325:
1303:
1291:Dictionary.com
1277:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1270:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1252:
1249:
1221:
1218:
1217:
1216:
1210:
1203:
1200:
1193:
1134:motor learning
1118:
1044:
1041:
1040:
1039:
1033:
1026:
1008:
1005:
996:GAD antibodies
991:
988:
973:
962:
932:
921:
908:
907:Potassium pump
905:
888:celiac disease
866:
863:
847:recessive gene
835:
832:
820:recessive gene
808:
805:
793:foramen magnum
773:
770:
720:
717:
705:celiac disease
693:paraneoplastic
680:
677:
668:
665:
637:hypothyroidism
632:
631:Hypothyroidism
629:
613:proprioception
606:
601:
597:
594:
569:
566:
523:adverse effect
492:
489:
456:
453:
448:
445:
441:dysequilibrium
420:
417:
413:Romberg's test
387:parietal lobes
378:dorsal columns
374:proprioception
370:sensory ataxia
365:
362:
361:
360:
359:
358:
351:
347:
336:
325:
318:
315:
302:
283:
280:Romberg's test
170:motor planning
154:
151:
149:
146:
130:nervous system
101:
100:
99:
98:
97:Heart problems
95:
92:
89:
86:
83:
80:
77:
76:Slurred speech
74:
69:
63:
62:
53:
47:
46:
38:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6943:
6932:
6929:
6927:
6924:
6923:
6921:
6906:
6898:
6897:
6894:
6888:
6885:
6883:
6880:
6878:
6875:
6873:
6870:
6868:
6865:
6863:
6862:Mood disorder
6860:
6858:
6855:
6853:
6850:
6848:
6845:
6844:
6842:
6838:
6828:
6825:
6823:
6820:
6818:
6815:
6813:
6810:
6808:
6807:
6803:
6799:
6798:
6796:
6792:
6786:
6783:
6779:
6776:
6775:
6774:
6771:
6770:
6768:
6766:
6762:
6754:
6751:
6749:
6746:
6745:
6744:
6741:
6737:
6736:Nitrous oxide
6734:
6733:
6732:
6729:
6725:
6722:
6720:
6717:
6715:
6712:
6711:
6710:
6707:
6703:
6700:
6699:
6698:
6695:
6694:
6692:
6690:
6686:
6678:
6675:
6673:
6670:
6669:
6667:
6663:
6660:
6658:
6655:
6653:
6650:
6648:
6647:Fermented tea
6645:
6644:
6642:
6640:
6637:
6633:
6630:
6629:
6627:
6625:
6622:
6620:
6617:
6615:
6612:
6608:
6605:
6603:
6600:
6599:
6597:
6595:
6592:
6590:
6587:
6585:
6582:
6580:
6577:
6576:
6574:
6570:
6564:
6561:
6559:
6556:
6554:
6551:
6549:
6546:
6544:
6543:Sober curious
6541:
6539:
6536:
6531:
6528:
6525:
6522:
6520:
6517:
6516:
6515:
6512:
6510:
6507:
6505:
6502:
6500:
6497:
6493:
6490:
6488:
6485:
6483:
6480:
6478:
6475:
6474:
6473:
6470:
6468:
6465:
6463:
6460:
6458:
6455:
6453:
6450:
6448:
6445:
6441:
6438:
6436:
6433:
6432:
6431:
6428:
6426:
6423:
6422:
6420:
6418:
6414:
6408:
6405:
6403:
6400:
6398:
6395:
6394:
6392:
6390:
6386:
6380:
6377:
6373:
6370:
6368:
6365:
6364:
6363:
6360:
6358:
6355:
6351:
6348:
6347:
6346:
6343:
6339:
6336:
6334:
6331:
6329:
6326:
6324:
6321:
6320:
6319:
6316:
6314:
6311:
6309:
6306:
6302:
6299:
6298:
6297:
6294:
6291:
6288:
6287:
6285:
6283:
6279:
6276:
6270:
6258:
6255:
6254:
6252:
6250:
6247:
6243:
6240:
6239:
6238:
6235:
6233:
6232:Ladies' night
6230:
6228:
6225:
6219:
6216:
6215:
6214:
6211:
6209:
6206:
6204:
6201:
6200:
6199:
6196:
6192:
6189:
6187:
6184:
6182:
6179:
6177:
6174:
6173:
6171:
6169:
6166:
6165:
6163:
6159:
6153:
6150:
6148:
6145:
6143:
6140:
6138:
6135:
6133:
6132:Rum Rebellion
6130:
6128:
6125:
6123:
6120:
6118:
6115:
6113:
6110:
6108:
6105:
6103:
6100:
6098:
6095:
6094:
6092:
6088:
6082:
6079:
6075:
6072:
6070:
6067:
6065:
6064:Alcohol enema
6062:
6061:
6059:
6055:
6052:
6050:
6047:
6046:
6044:
6042:
6039:
6037:
6034:
6032:
6029:
6027:
6026:
6022:
6020:
6017:
6015:
6014:Flaming drink
6012:
6010:
6009:Dutch courage
6007:
6005:
6002:
6000:
5997:
5995:
5994:Drunk walking
5992:
5990:
5989:Drunk dialing
5987:
5985:
5982:
5978:
5975:
5973:
5970:
5969:
5968:
5967:Drinking game
5965:
5963:
5960:
5958:
5955:
5951:
5948:
5946:
5943:
5941:
5938:
5936:
5933:
5931:
5928:
5927:
5926:
5923:
5921:
5918:
5916:
5913:
5911:
5908:
5906:
5903:
5899:
5896:
5895:
5894:
5891:
5887:
5884:
5883:
5882:
5879:
5877:
5876:Alcohol abuse
5874:
5870:
5867:
5864:
5860:
5857:
5855:
5852:
5851:
5849:
5848:
5846:
5844:
5843:Social issues
5840:
5832:
5828:
5826:
5822:
5821:
5819:
5817:
5814:
5812:
5808:
5805:
5803:
5800:
5798:
5795:
5793:
5790:
5788:
5785:
5781:
5780:breast cancer
5778:
5777:
5776:
5773:
5771:
5768:
5766:
5763:
5761:
5758:
5757:
5755:
5751:
5745:
5742:
5740:
5737:
5735:
5732:
5730:
5727:
5726:
5724:
5720:
5714:
5711:
5709:
5708:Fusel alcohol
5706:
5702:
5699:
5698:
5697:
5694:
5690:
5687:
5686:
5685:
5682:
5680:
5677:
5676:
5674:
5670:
5664:
5661:
5658:
5655:
5653:
5650:
5648:
5645:
5643:
5640:
5638:
5635:
5633:
5630:
5628:
5625:
5624:
5622:
5620:
5616:
5610:
5607:
5605:
5602:
5600:
5597:
5595:
5592:
5590:
5587:
5583:
5580:
5579:
5578:
5577:Drunk driving
5575:
5572:
5569:
5567:
5564:
5563:
5561:
5559:
5553:
5550:
5546:
5542:
5538:
5531:
5526:
5524:
5519:
5517:
5512:
5511:
5508:
5496:
5495:Dancing mania
5493:
5491:
5488:
5486:
5483:
5481:
5478:
5476:
5473:
5471:
5468:
5466:
5463:
5461:
5458:
5456:
5453:
5451:
5448:
5444:
5441:
5440:
5439:
5438:Hyperreflexia
5436:
5434:
5431:
5429:
5426:
5424:
5421:
5419:
5416:
5414:
5411:
5409:
5406:
5404:
5401:
5400:
5398:
5394:
5388:
5385:
5383:
5380:
5378:
5375:
5373:
5370:
5366:
5363:
5361:
5358:
5356:
5353:
5352:
5351:
5350:Hypermobility
5348:
5346:
5343:
5341:
5338:
5334:
5331:
5329:
5326:
5325:
5324:
5321:
5320:
5318:
5316:
5312:
5306:
5303:
5301:
5298:
5296:
5293:
5291:
5288:
5287:
5285:
5283:
5279:
5273:
5270:
5266:
5263:
5261:
5258:
5257:
5255:
5251:
5247:
5244:
5242:
5239:
5237:
5234:
5232:
5228:
5225:
5223:
5220:
5219:
5217:
5213:
5210:
5208:
5205:
5204:
5203:
5200:
5198:
5195:
5193:
5190:
5189:
5187:
5185:
5181:
5175:
5172:
5169:
5167:
5164:
5162:
5159:
5157:
5156:Joint locking
5154:
5152:
5149:
5147:
5144:
5142:
5139:
5137:
5134:
5132:
5129:
5127:
5124:
5120:
5117:
5115:
5112:
5111:
5109:
5107:
5104:
5103:
5101:
5097:
5091:
5088:
5086:
5083:
5081:
5078:
5076:
5073:
5071:
5068:
5066:
5063:
5061:
5057:
5054:
5052:
5049:
5047:
5044:
5042:
5039:
5037:
5036:Fasciculation
5034:
5032:
5029:
5027:
5024:
5022:
5019:
5018:
5016:
5014:
5010:
5004:
5001:
4999:
4996:
4994:
4991:
4989:
4986:
4982:
4979:
4977:
4974:
4972:
4969:
4967:
4964:
4963:
4962:
4959:
4957:
4954:
4953:
4951:
4949:
4945:
4937:
4934:
4933:
4931:
4927:
4926:Antalgic gait
4924:
4922:
4919:
4917:
4914:
4912:
4909:
4908:
4906:
4902:
4899:
4898:
4896:
4892:
4889:
4887:
4886:Steppage gait
4884:
4883:
4882:
4879:
4875:
4872:
4870:
4867:
4865:
4862:
4861:
4859:
4855:
4852:
4850:
4847:
4845:
4842:
4840:
4839:Stomping gait
4837:
4835:
4832:
4830:
4827:
4825:
4824:Magnetic gait
4822:
4820:
4817:
4815:
4812:
4810:
4807:
4805:
4802:
4801:
4799:
4797:
4794:
4793:
4791:
4787:
4783:
4779:
4772:
4767:
4765:
4760:
4758:
4753:
4752:
4749:
4736:
4732:
4731:
4727:
4725:
4721:
4720:
4716:
4714:
4710:
4709:
4705:
4701:
4699:
4695:
4691:
4690:
4686:
4682:
4681:
4678:
4673:
4669:
4663:
4660:
4659:
4648:
4644:
4639:
4635:
4629:
4625:
4624:
4618:
4614:
4610:
4606:
4602:
4597:
4596:
4582:
4578:
4574:
4570:
4566:
4562:
4558:
4554:
4553:CNS Spectrums
4547:
4531:
4527:
4523:
4517:
4509:
4505:
4500:
4495:
4491:
4487:
4483:
4479:
4475:
4468:
4466:
4457:
4453:
4449:
4445:
4441:
4437:
4433:
4429:
4422:
4414:
4410:
4406:
4402:
4398:
4394:
4390:
4386:
4378:
4370:
4366:
4362:
4358:
4354:
4350:
4346:
4342:
4335:
4333:
4324:
4320:
4316:
4312:
4308:
4304:
4296:
4288:
4284:
4280:
4276:
4272:
4268:
4264:
4260:
4253:
4245:
4241:
4237:
4233:
4229:
4225:
4221:
4217:
4210:
4208:
4199:
4195:
4191:
4187:
4183:
4179:
4172:
4164:
4160:
4156:
4152:
4148:
4144:
4140:
4136:
4129:
4121:
4117:
4113:
4109:
4105:
4101:
4097:
4093:
4086:
4078:
4074:
4070:
4066:
4062:
4058:
4054:
4050:
4043:
4041:
4032:
4028:
4024:
4020:
4016:
4012:
4008:
4004:
3997:
3989:
3985:
3980:
3975:
3971:
3967:
3963:
3959:
3955:
3948:
3940:
3936:
3931:
3926:
3921:
3916:
3912:
3908:
3904:
3897:
3889:
3885:
3880:
3875:
3870:
3865:
3862:(14): E4936.
3861:
3857:
3853:
3846:
3838:
3834:
3829:
3824:
3820:
3816:
3812:
3808:
3804:
3797:
3789:
3785:
3780:
3775:
3770:
3765:
3761:
3757:
3753:
3746:
3738:
3734:
3729:
3724:
3719:
3714:
3710:
3706:
3702:
3695:
3687:
3683:
3678:
3673:
3669:
3665:
3661:
3657:
3653:
3646:
3638:
3634:
3629:
3624:
3619:
3614:
3610:
3606:
3602:
3595:
3587:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3559:
3555:
3551:
3547:
3543:
3536:
3528:
3524:
3519:
3514:
3510:
3506:
3502:
3495:
3487:
3483:
3478:
3473:
3469:
3465:
3461:
3457:
3453:
3446:
3438:
3434:
3430:
3426:
3422:
3418:
3414:
3410:
3403:
3401:
3399:
3390:
3386:
3381:
3376:
3371:
3366:
3362:
3358:
3354:
3347:
3339:
3335:
3330:
3325:
3321:
3317:
3313:
3309:
3305:
3298:
3296:
3294:
3285:
3281:
3276:
3271:
3266:
3261:
3258:(24): 15564.
3257:
3253:
3249:
3242:
3234:
3230:
3229:PubMed Health
3226:
3219:
3211:
3207:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3183:
3179:
3175:
3168:
3157:
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3019:
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2898:
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2823:
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2815:
2811:
2807:
2800:
2792:
2788:
2783:
2778:
2773:
2768:
2764:
2760:
2756:
2749:
2741:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2717:
2713:
2709:
2705:
2698:
2690:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2662:
2658:
2654:
2647:
2639:
2635:
2631:
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2623:
2619:
2615:
2611:
2604:
2596:
2592:
2588:
2584:
2580:
2576:
2572:
2568:
2561:
2553:
2549:
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2541:
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2533:
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2518:
2502:
2498:
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2400:
2396:
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2368:
2363:
2359:
2355:
2351:
2347:
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2336:
2328:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2300:
2296:
2292:
2285:
2270:
2266:
2260:
2252:
2248:
2244:
2238:
2234:
2230:
2226:
2219:
2211:
2207:
2203:
2199:
2195:
2191:
2187:
2183:
2176:
2168:
2164:
2160:
2156:
2152:
2148:
2141:
2125:
2121:
2115:
2107:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2079:
2075:
2071:
2064:
2056:
2052:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2028:
2024:
2020:
2013:
1998:
1994:
1988:
1980:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1962:
1958:
1954:
1950:
1946:
1939:
1924:
1920:
1916:
1912:
1905:
1897:
1893:
1889:
1885:
1881:
1877:
1870:
1862:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1844:
1840:
1836:
1829:
1814:
1810:
1804:
1796:
1792:
1787:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1770:
1763:
1761:
1752:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1724:
1720:
1716:
1709:
1701:
1695:
1691:
1686:
1685:
1676:
1674:
1672:
1663:
1659:
1655:
1651:
1647:
1643:
1639:
1635:
1628:
1620:
1616:
1612:
1608:
1604:
1600:
1596:
1592:
1585:
1577:
1575:0-87893-060-4
1571:
1567:
1562:
1561:
1552:
1550:
1541:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1525:
1521:
1517:
1513:
1506:
1498:
1494:
1490:
1486:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1463:
1455:
1451:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1427:
1420:
1405:
1403:0-8036-0093-3
1399:
1394:
1393:
1384:
1377:
1369:
1365:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1349:
1342:
1340:
1338:
1336:
1334:
1332:
1330:
1313:
1307:
1292:
1288:
1282:
1278:
1268:
1267:Bruns apraxia
1265:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1254:
1248:
1246:
1242:
1237:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1214:
1211:
1208:
1204:
1201:
1198:
1194:
1192:
1188:
1187:
1186:
1184:
1179:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1164:
1158:
1155:
1151:
1146:
1144:
1140:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1125:
1121:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1105:acetazolamide
1102:
1098:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1085:physostigmine
1082:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1057:
1055:
1054:benign tumour
1051:
1037:
1034:
1031:
1027:
1011:
1010:
1004:
1002:
997:
987:
985:
981:
955:
952:. Indeed, an
951:
947:
943:
940:
914:
904:
901:
897:
893:
889:
886:derived from
885:
865:Gluten ataxia
862:
860:
856:
852:
848:
844:
840:
831:
830:dysfunction.
829:
825:
821:
817:
813:
804:
802:
798:
797:hydrocephalus
794:
790:
786:
782:
778:
769:
767:
763:
759:
755:
751:
747:
744:, as well as
743:
739:
735:
732:ones such as
731:
726:
716:
714:
710:
706:
702:
698:
694:
690:
686:
676:
673:
664:
662:
658:
654:
650:
646:
642:
638:
628:
626:
622:
618:
614:
610:
593:
591:
587:
583:
579:
575:
565:
563:
559:
555:
554:methylmercury
551:
547:
543:
539:
535:
531:
528:
524:
520:
515:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
488:
486:
482:
481:parietal lobe
478:
474:
470:
466:
462:
455:Focal lesions
452:
444:
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
416:
414:
410:
406:
401:
399:
395:
390:
388:
384:
379:
375:
371:
356:
352:
348:
345:
341:
337:
334:
330:
326:
323:
319:
316:
313:
310:
309:
307:
303:
300:
296:
292:
288:
284:
281:
277:
273:
269:
266:
265:
264:
262:
258:
254:
250:
246:
242:
237:
235:
231:
227:
222:
218:
214:
209:
207:
203:
199:
195:
191:
187:
183:
179:
175:
171:
166:
160:
145:
143:
137:
135:
131:
127:
126:eye movements
123:
119:
115:
111:
107:
96:
93:
90:
87:
84:
81:
78:
75:
72:
71:
70:
68:
64:
61:
57:
54:
52:
48:
43:
37:
33:
19:
6822:Gin Act 1751
6812:Bratt System
6805:
6801:
6668:Measurement
6602:Breathalyzer
6372:Shoulder tap
6024:
5898:Beer goggles
5433:Hyporeflexia
5328:Bethlem sign
5295:Gowers' sign
5250:Quadruplegia
5126:Opisthotonus
5119:Osteoporosis
5114:Camptocormia
5056:Hyperkinesia
5041:Fibrillation
4955:
4948:Coordination
4901:Leaping gait
4844:Spastic gait
4814:Choreic gait
4804:Scissor gait
4728:
4717:
4702:
4683:
4646:
4626:. Springer.
4622:
4604:
4556:
4552:
4546:
4534:. Retrieved
4530:the original
4525:
4516:
4484:(1): 22â26.
4481:
4477:
4431:
4427:
4421:
4388:
4384:
4377:
4344:
4340:
4306:
4302:
4295:
4265:(1): 15â26.
4262:
4258:
4252:
4219:
4215:
4181:
4177:
4171:
4138:
4134:
4128:
4095:
4091:
4085:
4052:
4048:
4006:
4002:
3996:
3961:
3957:
3947:
3913:(1): 10â28.
3910:
3906:
3896:
3859:
3855:
3845:
3813:(1): 33â58.
3810:
3806:
3796:
3759:
3755:
3745:
3708:
3704:
3694:
3659:
3655:
3645:
3611:(472): 472.
3608:
3604:
3594:
3549:
3545:
3535:
3508:
3504:
3494:
3459:
3455:
3445:
3412:
3408:
3360:
3357:BMC Medicine
3356:
3346:
3311:
3307:
3255:
3251:
3241:
3228:
3218:
3181:
3177:
3167:
3156:the original
3151:
3138:
3103:
3099:
3089:
3064:
3060:
3050:
3017:
3013:
3007:
2970:
2966:
2956:
2919:
2915:
2905:
2870:
2866:
2856:
2816:(1): 16406.
2813:
2809:
2799:
2762:
2758:
2748:
2711:
2707:
2697:
2660:
2656:
2646:
2613:
2609:
2603:
2570:
2566:
2560:
2527:
2523:
2517:
2505:. Retrieved
2496:
2486:
2467:
2461:
2449:. Retrieved
2437:
2427:
2397:(1): 33â38.
2394:
2390:
2384:
2349:
2345:
2335:
2298:
2294:
2284:
2272:. Retrieved
2268:
2259:
2224:
2218:
2185:
2181:
2175:
2150:
2146:
2140:
2128:. Retrieved
2114:
2080:(16): 8678.
2077:
2073:
2063:
2026:
2022:
2012:
2000:. Retrieved
1996:
1987:
1952:
1948:
1938:
1926:. Retrieved
1914:
1904:
1879:
1875:
1869:
1845:(1): 24â25.
1842:
1838:
1828:
1816:. Retrieved
1812:
1803:
1776:
1772:
1722:
1718:
1708:
1683:
1637:
1633:
1627:
1594:
1590:
1584:
1559:
1515:
1511:
1505:
1475:(1): 45â52.
1472:
1468:
1462:
1429:
1425:
1419:
1407:. Retrieved
1391:
1376:
1351:
1347:
1316:. Retrieved
1306:
1296:13 September
1294:. Retrieved
1290:
1281:
1238:
1226:optic ataxia
1225:
1223:
1180:
1172:coordination
1159:
1150:mobility aid
1147:
1128:
1058:
1046:
1032:for testing.
993:
910:
881:
859:neurological
837:
828:neurological
810:
791:through the
775:
722:
713:cerebellitis
682:
670:
634:
603:
571:
516:
514:deficiency.
494:
458:
450:
422:
402:
398:visual input
391:
367:
238:
210:
162:
138:
105:
104:
36:
6802:Beer Street
6753:Homotaurine
6748:Acamprosate
6619:Dry January
6598:Monitoring
6499:Teetotalism
6492:Malt drinks
6282:Alcohol law
6054:Yard of ale
5999:Drunkorexia
5811:intolerance
5604:Rum-running
5480:Shell shock
5455:Hypnic jerk
5355:Gorlin sign
5323:Contracture
5290:Hemiparesis
5246:Tetraplegia
5060:Hypokinesia
4981:Dyssynergia
4891:Toe walking
4874:Pigeon gait
3711:: 2913297.
3067:: 213â219.
2274:26 December
2182:Drug Safety
2130:3 September
1813:Physiopedia
1154:contracture
1089:L-carnitine
1025:cerebellum.
689:head injury
469:brain tumor
344:hypermetria
230:dysrhythmia
213:tandem gait
6920:Categories
6882:Town drunk
6714:Disulfiram
6662:Small beer
6628:Campaigns
6462:Drunk tank
6435:Dry campus
6345:Dry county
6127:Rum ration
6107:Dipsomania
6036:Pantsdrunk
5829:Red wine:
5619:Alcoholism
5609:Wine fraud
5418:Knock-knee
5236:Hemiplegia
5231:Paraplegia
5222:Monoplegia
5218:Syndromes
5151:Hypertonia
5085:Echopraxia
5075:Stereotypy
4936:Lotus gait
4932:Deformity
4730:DiseasesDB
3511:(79): 79.
3456:Cerebellum
3411:(Review).
3359:(Review).
3310:(Review).
3308:Cerebellum
2973:(3): 367.
2922:: 922199.
2765:(1): 168.
2714:(1): 167.
2663:(1): 166.
2438:StatPearls
2301:(1): 159.
2002:8 February
1915:StatPearls
1818:19 October
1591:Cerebellum
1273:References
1220:Other uses
1176:wheelchair
1117:coenzyme Q
1097:vigabatrin
1081:amantadine
1069:disability
1067:to reduce
946:cerebellum
939:cerebellar
768:or FXTAS.
725:hereditary
697:autoimmune
609:deficiency
600:deficiency
586:gamma rays
508:cerebellum
419:Vestibular
340:hypometria
333:supination
322:dysarthria
234:titubation
217:Dysarthria
190:dysarthria
157:See also:
153:Cerebellar
134:cerebellum
60:Psychiatry
6817:Dry state
6724:Cyanamide
6558:Sobrietol
6357:Last call
6323:DWI court
6176:Beer mile
6147:Speakeasy
6117:Gin Craze
6049:Beer bong
6004:Dry drunk
5977:Pregaming
5825:Potomania
5807:Tolerance
5797:Pregnancy
5672:Chemistry
5594:Nip joint
5589:Moonshine
5490:Catatonia
5450:Shivering
5428:Back knee
5408:Flat feet
5382:Scoliosis
5345:Ankylosis
5333:Club foot
5241:Triplegia
5184:Paralysis
5170:Grimacing
5161:Catalepsy
5099:Posturing
5090:Echolalia
5080:Akathisia
5070:Hypotonia
5051:Myoclonus
5021:Athetosis
4993:Asterixis
4966:Dysmetria
4881:Foot drop
4860:Muscular
4647:Scivision
4428:Neurology
4369:207260777
4309:: 80â84.
4216:Neurology
4163:208538266
4003:Neurology
3437:207673823
3042:247058153
2029:(1): 20.
1949:Continuum
1861:2168-3808
1318:10 August
1124:vitamin E
1113:buspirone
1077:idebenone
1075:(5-HTP),
1043:Treatment
1007:Diagnosis
956:block of
843:autosomal
816:autosomal
803:outflow.
653:psychosis
621:psychosis
605:Vitamin B
596:Vitamin B
496:Exogenous
463:(such as
368:The term
329:pronation
257:extension
226:dysmetria
202:dysmetria
198:hypotonia
194:dysphagia
163:The term
56:Neurology
51:Specialty
6905:Category
6806:Gin Lane
6563:Quit lit
6487:Spritzer
6417:Sobriety
6272:Alcohol
6253:Whiskey
6081:Sconcing
6031:Nightcap
5957:Blackout
5787:Cortisol
5684:Congener
5387:Kyphosis
5282:Weakness
5227:Diplegia
5046:Myokymia
4613:20301317
4581:45201083
4573:17603404
4456:24069559
4448:16769946
4413:28633679
4405:16450347
4361:18647730
4323:28365204
4287:25458915
4279:19114434
4236:19864636
4198:17000340
4155:31789706
4112:25757427
4077:11008654
4069:19412936
4023:19864635
3988:23666089
3939:33423437
3888:32668612
3837:30221603
3788:25870548
3737:28386570
3686:21297628
3637:25566080
3586:23284664
3546:PLOS ONE
3527:38682229
3486:32328884
3429:25925933
3389:22313950
3338:25823827
3284:36555205
3233:Archived
3210:33354453
3130:25485164
3081:28435116
3034:35195341
2999:35326323
2948:36158963
2848:31712561
2791:26377319
2740:26377184
2689:26377085
2638:22881684
2630:18347805
2595:35053543
2587:15907739
2552:12333200
2544:20308997
2501:Archived
2446:32644742
2419:29983253
2411:15681626
2376:23536622
2327:27884168
2251:19253038
2210:27619795
2124:Archived
2106:34444449
2055:30151443
1979:27495205
1945:"Ataxia"
1928:16 April
1923:33085334
1896:34160115
1751:26331045
1662:35160189
1654:15645525
1619:23247877
1611:20157791
1540:10244619
1532:10805697
1497:19328973
1454:20887739
1446:25637456
1368:15377747
1251:See also
1170:or poor
1016:scan or
984:dystonia
948:and the
787:and the
699:ataxia,
645:dementia
617:reflexes
534:ketamine
512:thiamine
477:thalamus
437:vomiting
383:thalamus
255:, while
249:shoulder
182:asynergy
178:asthenia
67:Symptoms
6840:Related
6794:History
6579:0-0-1-3
6274:control
6161:General
6137:Shebeen
6090:History
5760:Anxiety
5722:Effects
5696:Ethanol
5545:Alcohol
5465:Vertigo
5136:Trismus
4724:D001259
4508:8301300
4244:2087750
4120:9560460
4031:5481310
3979:3722574
3930:7840241
3879:6341499
3828:6341499
3779:4375997
3728:5366212
3677:3430603
3628:4274886
3577:3527461
3554:Bibcode
3477:7351847
3380:3292448
3329:4591117
3275:9779232
3201:7744205
3121:4256671
2990:8946185
2939:9489844
2897:1775412
2888:2399130
2839:6848138
2818:Bibcode
2782:4573944
2731:4574118
2680:4574226
2451:17 July
2367:3618829
2318:5123280
2202:1888441
2097:8391842
2046:6102946
1970:5567218
1795:9184691
1742:4552302
1489:8285591
1168:balance
954:ouabain
789:medulla
558:mercury
504:ethanol
500:ethanol
429:vertigo
364:Sensory
299:falling
247:at the
245:flexion
241:torques
174:lesions
94:Tremors
6614:FRAMES
5823:Beer:
5816:Weight
5792:Memory
5775:Cancer
5558:crimes
5485:Stupor
5305:Ptosis
5146:Tetany
5031:Tremor
5026:Chorea
4998:Abasia
4956:Ataxia
4694:MB45.0
4630:
4611:
4579:
4571:
4506:
4499:485035
4496:
4454:
4446:
4411:
4403:
4367:
4359:
4321:
4285:
4277:
4242:
4234:
4196:
4161:
4153:
4118:
4110:
4075:
4067:
4029:
4021:
3986:
3976:
3937:
3927:
3886:
3876:
3835:
3825:
3786:
3776:
3762:: 78.
3735:
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