Pat Nixon - Knowledge

879: 927: 891: 1130:, which caused an avalanche and additional destruction, Pat initiated a "volunteer American relief drive" and flew to the country, where she aided in taking relief supplies to earthquake victims. She toured damaged regions and embraced homeless townspeople; they trailed her as she climbed up hills of rubble and under fallen beams. Her trip was heralded in newspapers around the world for her acts of compassion and disregard for her personal safety or comfort, and her presence was a direct boost to political relations. One Peruvian official commented: "Her coming here meant more than anything else President Nixon could have done," and an editorial in Peru's 792:. Pat was featured prominently in the effort; an entire advertising campaign was built around the slogan "Pat for First Lady". Nixon conceded the election to Kennedy, although the race was very close and there were allegations of voter fraud. Pat had urged her husband to demand a recount of votes, though Nixon declined. Pat was most upset about the television cameras, which recorded her reaction when her husband lost—"millions of television viewers witnessed her desperate fight to hold a smile upon her lips as her face came apart and the bitter tears flowed from her eyes", as one reporter put it. This permanently dimmed Pat Nixon's view of politics. 967: 1506: 1177: 841: 1102: 849:

willingness to give generously of ourselves for the welfare and enrichment of the lives of others." She undertook a "Vest Pockets for Volunteerism" trip, where she visited ten different volunteer programs. Susan Porter, in charge of the First Lady's scheduling, noted that Pat "saw volunteers as unsung heroes who hadn't been encouraged or given credit for their sacrifices and who needed to be". Her second volunteerism tour—she traveled 4,130 miles (6,647 km) within the United States—helped to boost the notion that not all students were protesting the

1658: 1113: 999: 1430:: "Now, I have friends in all the countries of the world. I haven't just sat back and thought of myself or my ideas or what I wanted to do. Oh no, I've stayed interested in people. I've kept working. Right here in the plane I keep this case with me, and the minute I sit down, I write my thank you notes. Nobody gets by without a personal note. I don't have time to worry about who I admire or who I identify with. I've never had it easy. I'm not like all you ... all those people who had it easy." 1393: 1084:. In President Nixon's first term, Pat traveled to 39 of 50 states, and in the first year alone, shook hands with a quarter of a million people. She undertook many missions of goodwill to foreign nations as well. Her first foreign trip took in Guam, India, the Philippines, Indonesia, Thailand, Pakistan, Romania, and England. On such trips, Pat refused to be serviced by an entourage, feeling that they were an unnecessary barrier and a burden for taxpayers. Soon after, during a trip to 1069: 302: 6235: 1232: 1442:, and portrayed her as being out of step with her times. Those who opposed the Vietnam War identified her with the Nixon administration's policies, and, as a result, occasionally picketed her speaking events. After she had spoken to some of them in one instance in 1970, however, one of the students told the press that "she wanted to listen. I felt like this is a woman who really cares about what we are doing. I was surprised." Veteran CBS correspondent 1285: 853:. She herself belonged to several volunteer groups, including Women in Community Services and Urban Services League, and was an advocate of the Domestic Volunteer Service Act of 1973, a bill that encouraged volunteerism by providing benefits to a number of volunteer organizations. Some reporters viewed her choice of volunteerism as safe and dull compared to the initiatives undertaken by Lady Bird Johnson and 637:

During state dinners, he ordered the protocol changed so that Pat could be served first. Pat, in turn, felt that her husband was vulnerable and sought to protect him, although she did have a nickname for him which he despised, so she rarely used it: "Little Dicky". Of his critics, she said that "Lincoln had worse critics. He was big enough not to let it bother him. That's the way my husband is."

1455: 1340: 1161:. Upon arrival in Liberia, Pat was honored with a 19-gun salute, a tribute reserved only for heads of government, and she reviewed troops. She later donned a traditional native costume and danced with locals. She was awarded the Grand Cordon of the Most Venerable Order of Knighthood, Liberia's highest honor. In Ghana, she again danced with local residents, and addressed the nation's 33: 609:. She said that she had been attracted to the young Nixon because he "was going places, he was vital and ambitious ... he was always doing things". Later, referring to Richard Nixon, she said, "Oh but you just don't realize how much fun he is! He's just so much fun!" Following a brief honeymoon in Mexico, the two lived in a small apartment in Whittier. As U.S. involvement in 1348:

individual tightly, and the tension dissipated. When a young boy doubted that the Executive Mansion was her house because he could not see her washing machine, Pat led him through the halls and up an elevator, into the family quarters and the laundry room. She mixed well with people of different races, and made no distinctions on that basis. During the Nixons' trip to

1256:, at the suggestion of Clara Treyz, her personal shopper. Many fashion observers concluded that Pat Nixon did not greatly advance the cause of American fashion. Nixon's yellow-satin inaugural gown by Harvey Berin was criticized as "a schoolteacher on her night out", but Treyz defended her wardrobe selections by saying, "Mrs. Nixon must be ladylike." 4263:"Eleanor Roosevelt Retains Top Spot as America's Best First Lady Michelle Obama Enters Study as 5th, Hillary Clinton Drops to 6th Clinton Seen First Lady Most as Presidential Material; Laura Bush, Pat Nixon, Mamie Eisenhower, Bess Truman Could Have Done More in Office Eleanor & FDR Top Power Couple; Mary Drags Lincolns Down in the Ratings" 803:. Prior to Richard Nixon's announcement of his candidacy, Pat's brother Tom Ryan said, "Pat told me that if Dick ran for governor she was going to take her shoe to him." She eventually agreed to another run, citing that it meant a great deal to her husband, but Richard Nixon lost the gubernatorial election to 708: 811:

an independent public identity for herself. Although she supported him in his career, she feared another "1960", when Nixon lost to Kennedy. She consented, however, and participated in the campaign by traveling on campaign trips with her husband. Richard Nixon made a political comeback with his narrow

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critic wrote that Kelly "was wonderful as Pat Nixon. During the affecting Act II scene in which she is guided by Chinese escorts and journalists to a glass factory, a people's commune and a health clinic, she is finally taken to a school. She speaks of coming from a poor family and tells the obliging

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reflected, "I loved Pat Nixon, who was a sensational, gracious, and thoughtful First Lady", and at the dedication of the Reagan Library, Bush remembered, "There was one sad thing. Pat Nixon did not look well at all. Through her smile you could see that she was in great pain and having a terrible time

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stated that the First Lady would have ordered the tapes destroyed immediately, had she known of their existence. Once she did learn of the tapes, she vigorously opposed making them public, and compared them to "private love letters—for one person alone". Believing in her husband's innocence, she also

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She ordered pamphlets describing the rooms of the house for tourists so they could understand everything, and had them translated into Spanish, French, Italian and Russian for foreigners. She had ramps installed for the handicapped and physically disabled. She instructed the police who served as tour

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Pat Nixon developed and led a coordinated effort to improve the authenticity of the White House as an historic residence and museum. She added more than 600 paintings, antiques and furnishings to the Executive Mansion and its collections, the largest number of acquisitions by any administration; this

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has periodically conducted surveys asking historians to assess American first ladies according to a cumulative score on the independent criteria of their background, value to the country, intelligence, courage, accomplishments, integrity, leadership, being their own women, public image, and value to

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to dine with her family and view the White House's official portraits of her and her husband, the late President Kennedy. It was the first time that the three Kennedys had returned to the White House since the president's assassination eight years earlier. Pat had ordered the visit to be kept secret

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given to them by a political supporter. This was Pat's first national television appearance, and she, her daughters, and the dog were featured prominently. Defending himself as a man of the people, Nixon stressed his wife's abilities as a stenographer, then said, "I should say this, that Pat doesn't

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Nixon did not sport the outrageous fashions of the 1970s, because she was concerned about appearing conservatively dressed, especially as her husband's political star rose. "Always before, it was sort of fun to get some ... thing that was completely different, high-style", she told a reporter.

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After her husband was elected president in 1968, Pat Nixon met with the outgoing First Lady, Lady Bird Johnson. Together, they toured the private quarters of the White House on December 12. She eventually asked Sarah Jackson Doyle, an interior decorator who had worked for the Nixons since 1965 and

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Six years later, Richard Nixon ran again for the presidency. Pat was reluctant to face another campaign, her eighth since 1946. Her husband was a deeply controversial figure in American politics, and Pat had witnessed and shared the praise and vilification he had received without having established

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and the Soviet Union, and was the first president's wife to be officially designated a representative of the United States on her solo trips to Africa and South America, which gained her recognition as "Madame Ambassador"; she was also the first First Lady to enter a combat zone. Though her husband

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Despite her largely demure public persona as a traditional wife and homemaker, she was not as self-effacing and timid as her critics often claimed. When a news photographer wanted her to strike yet another pose while wearing an apron, she firmly responded, "I think we've had enough of this kitchen

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in a palace, visited an orphanage, and lifted off in an open-door helicopter—armed by military guards with machine guns—to witness U.S. troops fighting in a jungle below. She later admitted to experiencing a "moment of fear going into a battle zone", because, as author and historian Carl Sferrazza

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She opened the White House for evening tours so that the public could see the interior design work that had been implemented. The tours that were conducted in December displayed the White House's Christmas decor. In addition, she instituted a series of performances by artists at the White House in

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Pat Nixon was named Outstanding Homemaker of the Year (1953), Mother of the Year (1955), and the Nation's Ideal Housewife (1957). She once said that, on a rare evening to herself, she pressed all of her husband's suits, adding, "Of course, I didn't have to. But when I don't have work to do, I just

1479:. In her remarks, she said, "I'm proud to have the school carry my name. I always thought that only those who have gone had schools named after them. I am happy to tell you that I'm not gone—I mean, not really gone." It was Pat's only solo public appearance in five and a half years in California. 1308:

of the White House for their last dinner. Pat sat on the edge of a couch and held her chin high, a sign of tension to her husband. When the president walked in, she threw her arms around him, kissed him, and said, "We're all very proud of you, Daddy." Later Pat Nixon said of the photographs taken

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stated that Pat had a "good figure and good posture", as well as "the best-looking legs of any woman in public life today". Some fashion writers tended to have a lackluster opinion of her well tailored, but nondescript, American-made clothes. "I consider it my duty to use American designers", she

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The First Lady had long been irritated by the perception that the White House and access to the President and First Lady were exclusively for the wealthy and famous; she routinely came down from the family quarters to greet tourists, shake hands, sign autographs, and pose for photos. Her daughter

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suggested that in public, the Nixons "moved through life ritualistically", but privately, however, they were "very close". In private, Richard Nixon was described as being "unabashedly sentimental", often praising Pat for her work, remembering anniversaries and surprising her with frequent gifts.

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Historian Carl Sferrazza Anthony noted that ordinary citizens responded to, and identified with, Pat Nixon. When a group of people from a rural community visited the White House to present a quilt to the First Lady, many were overcome with nervousness; upon hearing their weeping, Pat hugged each

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headquarters. Later, when asked by the press about Watergate, she replied curtly, "I know only what I read in the newspapers." In 1974, when a reporter asked "Is the press the cause of the president's problems?", she shot back, "What problems?" Privately, she felt that the power of her husband's

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At the time of her husband coming under consideration for the vice presidential nomination, Pat Nixon was against her husband accepting the selection, as she despised campaigns and had been relieved that as a newly elected senator he would not have another one for six years. She thought she had

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was typical of the media's favorable coverage of the future First Lady, stating that "Mrs. Nixon is always reported to be gracious and friendly. And she sure is friendly. She greets a stranger as a friend. She doesn't just shake hands but clasps a visitor's hand in both her hands. Her manner is

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magazine described her as "the perfect wife and mother–pressing pants, making dresses for daughters Tricia and Julie, doing her own housework even as the Vice President's wife". In the early years of her tenure as First Lady she was tagged "Plastic Pat", a derogatory nickname applied because,

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One of her major initiatives as First Lady was the promotion of volunteerism, in which she encouraged Americans to address social problems at the local level through volunteering at hospitals, civic organizations, and rehabilitation centers. She stated, "Our success as a nation depends on our

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and a long-time friend of Pat's, illustrated some of the cultural divides present at the time when she described the First Lady as "a good example to the women of this country–if they're not part of those Women's Liberation groups". Additionally, it was the view of veteran UPI correspondent

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Pat Nixon felt that the First Lady should always set a public example of high virtue as a symbol of dignity, but she refused to revel in the trappings of the position. When considering ideas for a project as First Lady, Pat refused to do (or be) something simply to emulate her predecessor,

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in 1959 that her time in films was "too fleeting even for recollections embellished by the years" and that "my choice of a career was teaching school and the many jobs I pursued were merely to help with college expenses." During the 1968 presidential campaign, she explained to the writer

1316:'s biography and praised his own parents. The First Lady could hardly contain her tears; she was most upset about the cameras, because they recorded her anguish, as they had during the 1960 election defeat. The Nixons walked onto the Executive Mansion's South Lawn with Vice President 963:(to learn how tours were guided "in a real museum"), and arranged for them to wear less menacing uniforms, with their guns hidden underneath. The tour guides were to speak slowly to deaf groups, to help those who lip-read, and Pat ordered that the blind be able to touch the antiques. 488:(USC), where she majored in merchandising. A former professor noted that she "stood out from the empty-headed, overdressed little sorority girls of that era like a good piece of literature on a shelf of cheap paperbacks". She held part-time jobs on campus, worked as a sales clerk in 1093:

Anthony noted, "Pat Nixon was literally in a line of fire." She later visited an army hospital, where, for two hours, she walked through the wards and spoke with each wounded patient. The First Lady of South Vietnam, Madame Thieu, said Pat Nixon's trip "intensified our morale".

477:. She paid for her education by working odd jobs, including as a driver, a pharmacy manager, a telephone operator, and a typist. She also earned money sweeping the floors of a local bank, and from 1930 until 1931, she lived in New York City, working as a secretary and also as a 1521:, California, on July 19, 1990. The dedication ceremony included 50,000 friends and well-wishers, as well as former Presidents Ford, Reagan, and Bush and their wives. The library includes a Pat Nixon room, a Pat Nixon amphitheater, and rose gardens planted with the red-black 456:

5 years later) and her two older brothers, William Jr. (1910–1997) and Thomas (1911–1992). She also had a half-sister, Neva Bender (1909–1981), and a half-brother, Matthew Bender (1907–1973), from her mother's first marriage; her mother's first husband had died during a

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Pat Nixon became involved in the development of recreation areas and parkland, was a member of the President's Committee on Employment of the Handicapped, and lent her support to organizations dedicated to improving the lives of handicapped children. For her first

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did not attend either. President Nixon sobbed openly, profusely, and at times uncontrollably during the ceremony. It was a rare display of emotion from the former president, and Helen McCain Smith and Ed Nixon both said they had never seen him more distraught.

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fourteen times, from 1959 to 1962 and 1968 to 1979. She was ranked third in 1969, second in 1970 and 1971, and first in 1972. She remained on the top-ten list until 1979, five years after her husband left office. To many, she was seen as an example of the

3611: 598:. Known as Dick, he asked Pat to marry him the first night they went out. "I thought he was nuts or something!" she recalled. He courted the redhead he called his "wild Irish Gypsy" for two years, even driving her to and from her dates with other men. 1031:

In October 1969, she announced her appointment of Constance Stuart as her staff director and press secretary. To the White House residence staff, the Nixons were perceived as more stiff and formal than other first families, but nonetheless kind.

1438:, felt that Pat was an ideal balance for the 1970s; Thompson wrote that she proved that "women can play a vital role in world affairs" while still retaining a "feminine manner". Other journalists felt that Pat represented the failings of the 955:. She worked with engineers to develop an exterior lighting system for the entire White House, making it glow a soft white. She ordered the American flag atop the White House flown day and night, even when the president was not in residence. 1545:, in 1991. Pat's health was failing, and the house was smaller and contained an elevator. A heavy smoker most of her adult life who nevertheless never allowed herself to be seen with a cigarette in public, she eventually endured bouts of 1324:. As the family walked towards the helicopter, Pat, with one arm around her husband's waist and one around Betty's, said to Betty "You'll see many of these red carpets, and you'll get so you hate 'em." The helicopter transported them to 1019:

in 1972. These events were described as ranging from "creative to indifferent, to downright embarrassing". When they entered the White House in 1969, the Nixons began inviting families to non-denominational Sunday church services in the

382:, whereupon Pat became Second Lady. Pat Nixon did much to add substance to the role of Second Lady, insisting on visiting schools, orphanages, hospitals, and village markets as she undertook many missions of goodwill across the world. 1246:

said, and favored them because, "they are now using so many materials which are great for traveling because they're non crushable". She preferred to buy readymade garments rather than made-to-order outfits. "I'm a size 10," she told

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in the White House, Pat organized a meal for 225 senior citizens who did not have families. The following year, she invited wounded servicemen to a second annual Thanksgiving meal in the White House. Though presidents since

652:. When asked about her husband's career, Pat once stated, "The only thing I could do was help him, but was not a life I would have chosen." Pat participated in the campaign by doing research on his opponent, incumbent 1297:

encouraged him not to resign and instead fight all the impeachment charges that were eventually leveled against him. She said to her friend Helene Drown, "Dick has done so much for the country. Why is this happening?"

3763: 1673:. The site where her girlhood home stood is on the property. The Cerritos City Council voted in April 1996 to erect a statue of the former first lady, one of the few statues created in the image of a first lady. 1419:

according to critics, she was always smiling while her face rarely expressed emotion and her body language made her seem reserved, and at times, artificial. Some observers described Pat Nixon as "a paper doll, a

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She worked on the family farm and also at a local bank as a janitor and bookkeeper. Her mother died of cancer in 1924. Pat, who was only 12, assumed all the household duties for her father (who died himself of

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Pat Nixon famously visited Peru in June 1970 where she aided in taking relief supplies to earthquake victims (above) and visited children in hospitals (below). The trip was noted for its lasting diplomatic

389:, an acquisition larger than that of any other administration. She was the most traveled First Lady in U.S. history, a record unsurpassed until twenty-five years later. She accompanied the President as the 1252:. "I can just walk in and buy. I've bought things in various stores in various cities. Only some of my clothes are by designers." She did, however, wear the custom work of some well-known talents, notably 1565:

Pat Nixon died at her Park Ridge, New Jersey, home at 5:45 a.m. on June 22, 1993, the day after her fifty-third wedding anniversary. She was 81 years old. Her daughters and husband were by her side.

728:, Pat Nixon's attitude toward politics changed when her husband was accused of accepting illegal campaign contributions. Pat encouraged him to fight the charges, and he did so by delivering the famed " 1494:

enabled her to eventually regain all movement. She said that her recovery was "the hardest thing I have ever done physically". In 1979, she and her husband moved to a townhouse on East 65th Street in

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After President Nixon told his family he would resign the office of the presidency, she replied "But why?" She contacted White House curator Clement Conger to cancel any further development of a new

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in 1974 with the unique diplomatic standing of personal representative of the president. The Nixons' last major trip was in June 1974, to Austria, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Israel, and Jordan.

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Pat Nixon accompanied her husband abroad during his vice presidential years. She traveled to 53 nations, often bypassing luncheons and teas and instead visiting hospitals, orphanages, and even a

1502:. This gave the couple additional space, and enabled them to be near their children and grandchildren. Pat, however, sustained another stroke in 1983 and two lung infections the following year. 1200:

in her red coat. According to Carl Sferrazza Anthony, China was Pat Nixon's "moment", her turning point as an acclaimed First Lady in the United States. She accompanied her husband to the Nixon–

366:. She paid for her schooling by working multiple jobs, including pharmacy manager, typist, radiographer, and retail clerk. In 1940, she married lawyer Richard Nixon and they had two daughters, 2926: 766:

direct ... Mrs. Nixon also upheld her reputation of always looking neat, no matter how long her day has been." A year and a half later, during her husband's campaign for the presidency,

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children that for a while she was a schoolteacher. In Mr. Adams's tender music, as sung by Ms. Kelly, you sense Mrs. Nixon wistfully pondering the much different life she might have had."

4306:"Ranking America's First Ladies Eleanor Roosevelt Still #1 Abigail Adams Regains 2nd Place Hillary moves from 5th to 4th; Jackie Kennedy from 4th to 3rd Mary Todd Lincoln Remains in 36th" 1426:

As for the criticisms, she said, "I am who I am and I will continue to be." She unguardedly revealed some of her opinions of her own life in a 1968 interview aboard a campaign plane with

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later in the year. Though security constraints left her unable to walk freely through the streets as she did in China, Pat was still able to visit with children and walk arm-in-arm with

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was nearest to their home, especially after moving to Washington. They attended the Metropolitan Memorial Methodist Church because it sponsored her daughters' Brownie troop, occasional

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and her Irish ancestry. When she enrolled in college in 1931 she started using the name "Pat" (and occasionally "Patricia") instead of "Thelma" but she did not legally change her name.

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As First Lady, Pat Nixon promoted a number of charitable causes, including volunteerism. She oversaw the collection of more than 600 pieces of historic art and furnishings for the

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sent a memo to the President reading in part, "Mrs. Nixon has now broken through where we have failed ... People—men and women—identify with her, and in return with you."

5058: 3961: 3755: 547:, "I never had time to think about things like... who I wanted to be, or who I admired, or to have ideas. I never had time to dream about being anyone else. I had to work." 1389:

that Pat "was the warmest First Lady I covered and the one who loved people the most. I think newspeople who covered her saw a woman who was sharp, responsive, sensitive."

2895: 1475:, Pat Nixon rarely appeared in public and only granted occasional interviews to the press. In late May 1975, Pat went to her girlhood hometown of Artesia to dedicate the 5736: 5699: 5639: 2967: 1142:

wrote that no First Lady had ever undertaken a "mercy mission" resulting in such "diplomatic side effects". On the trip, the Peruvian government presented her with the

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of Irish ancestry; her mother, Katherine Halberstadt, was a German immigrant. The nickname "Pat" was given to her by her father, because of her birth on the day before

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The funeral service for Pat Nixon took place on the grounds of the Richard Nixon Library in Yorba Linda on June 26, 1993. Speakers at the ceremony, including

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Pat Nixon later told her daughter Julie, "Watergate is the only crisis that ever got me down ... And I know I will never live to see the vindication."

1060:. Her efforts in the 1972 reelection campaign—traveling across the country and speaking on behalf of her husband—were copied by future candidates' spouses. 5113: 1396:

Pat Nixon was awarded the Grand Cross of the Order of the Sun in 1971 by the government of Peru, becoming the first Western woman to earn the distinction.

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The traditional role of a First Lady as the nation's hostess puts her personal appearance and style under scrutiny, and the attention to Pat was lively.

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Julie Eisenhower reflected, "she invited so many groups to the White House to give them recognition, not famous ones, but little-known organizations..."

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On the morning of August 9 in the East Room, Nixon gave a televised 20-minute farewell speech to the White House staff, during which time he read from

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Nixon also frequently wore wigs that replicated her short blonde hairstyle, especially on political trips when access to a hairdresser was difficult.

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from the media until after the trip's conclusion in an attempt to maintain privacy for the Kennedys. She also invited President Kennedy's mother

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Nixon's tombstone gives her name as "Patricia Ryan Nixon", the name by which she was popularly known. Her husband survived her by ten months,

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from the Lenox China Company, and began supervising the packing of the family's personal belongings. On August 7, 1974, the family met in the

6295: 5500: 3907: 3554: 3173: 2351: 1514: 204: 1969: 837:. She decided to continue what she called "personal diplomacy", which meant traveling and visiting people in other states or other nations. 5758: 5731: 5694: 5430: 5151: 6370: 6290: 5453: 1368: 657: 470: 6395: 6330: 6320: 6305: 5719: 5125: 4240: 2192: 6325: 6280: 4797: 4788: 3408: 1687: 413:. She suffered two strokes, one in 1976 and another in 1983, and was diagnosed with lung cancer in 1992. She died in 1993, aged 81. 6390: 6285: 5768: 5753: 5746: 5726: 5714: 5689: 5671: 5649: 5548: 5533: 1782:

In the 2014 survey, Nixon and her husband were ranked the 29th-highest out of 39 first couples in terms of being a "power couple".

1637: 974:. She was the first First Lady since Eleanor Roosevelt to address a party convention, and the first Republican First Lady to do so. 812: 785: 725: 395: 2709: 5709: 5401: 5144: 4126: 2887: 1053:. However, in 1972, she said, "I'm really not for abortion. I think it's a personal thing. I mean abortion on demand—wholesale." 737:

have a mink coat. But she does have a respectable Republican cloth coat, and I always tell her she would look good in anything."

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Appearing "frail and slightly bent", she appeared in public for the opening of the Richard Nixon Library & Birthplace (now

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of the time. Journalists often portrayed her as dutiful and selfless and seeing herself as a wife first and individual second.

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Halloran, Richard (March 16, 1972). "First Lady of the Land at 60: Thelma Catherine Ryan Nixon, Woman in the News".

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She spoke out in favor of women running for political office and encouraged her husband to nominate a woman to the

448:). Thelma Ryan's high school yearbook page gives her nickname as "Buddy" and her ambition to run a boarding house. 214: 99: 1376:", having risen from a poor background, with her greatest popularity among the "great silent majority" of voters. 1279:

staff was increasing, and President Nixon was becoming more removed from what was occurring in the administration.

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She became the first First Lady to visit Africa in 1972, on a 10,000-mile (16,093 km), eight-day journey to

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article by Judith M. Kinnard, entitled "Thelma Ryan's Rise: From White Frame to White House" (August 20, 1971).

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At the time the Watergate scandal broke to the media, Nixon "barely noticed" the reports of a break-in at the

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to be the Executive Mansion's new curator, replacing James Ketchum, who had been hired by Jacqueline Kennedy.

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The Fords escort the Nixons as they depart the White House on Nixon's final day as president, August 9, 1974.

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Pat campaigned at her husband's side in 1946 when he entered politics and successfully ran for a seat in the

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called her "a paragon of wifely virtues" whose "efficiency makes other women feel slothful and untalented".

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prevailed in convincing him, until she heard the announcement of the pick from a news bulletin while at the

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described the subject as the "chronically demure First Lady". The part was later sung by Scottish soprano

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Pat Nixon reaches out from her limousine to a young girl during an October 1972 campaign stop in Atlanta.

1036: 526: 301: 4192: 3898: 1089: 6023: 5922: 5866: 5018: 4305: 3612:"Secrets will be shared in one-woman show, Lady Bird, Pat & Betty: Tea for Three at Toland theatre" 3488: 1846: 1629: 966: 629: 569: 4544:

Secret Lives of the First Ladies: What Your Teachers Never Told You About the Women of the White House

2648: 1584:, eulogized the former First Lady. In addition to her husband and immediate family, former presidents 4818: 1525:

developed by a French company in 1972, when she was first lady. Pat also attended the opening of the

1505: 1401: 1169:" She conferred with leaders of all three African nations. Upon her return home, White House staffer 4616:

Anthony, Carl Sferrazza (2001). "Thelma Catherine (Patricia) Ryan Nixon". In Gould, Lewis L. (ed.).

4152: 3238: 2404: 2052: 660:. During the next six years, Pat saw her husband move from the U.S. House of Representatives to the 625:, and while he was stationed in San Francisco, she resumed work for the OPA as an economic analyst. 6008: 5495: 5213: 5136: 4774: 3450: 1499: 1466: 952: 696: 406: 359: 3562: 3181: 2359: 1446:

expressed regret that the one major interview he was never able to conduct was that of Pat Nixon.

788:, Vice President Nixon ran for president of the United States against Democratic opponent Senator 5283: 5258: 5198: 4978: 4863: 1965: 1530: 1518: 1143: 1088:, Pat became the first First Lady to enter a combat zone. She had tea with the wife of President 948: 1730:

critic noted that the performance captured "the First Lady's shy mannerisms" while one from the

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began, the couple moved to Washington, D.C., with Richard taking a position as a lawyer for the

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Nixon (seated second from left) attends the opening of the Ronald Reagan Library, November 1991

1498:. They lived there only briefly and in 1981 moved to a 6,000 square feet (557 m) house in 1325: 1293: 1127: 1081: 1040: 944: 940: 800: 753: 649: 430: 378:

campaigns of 1946 and 1948. Richard Nixon was elected vice president in 1952 alongside General

375: 371: 261: 193: 2573: 1557:, with which she was diagnosed in December 1992 while hospitalized with respiratory problems. 405:

Her public appearances became increasingly rare later in life. She and her husband settled in

6300: 6162: 5962: 5857: 4338:"Siena College Research Institute/C-SPAN Study of the First Ladies of the United States 2014" 4232: 1883:

Kinnard, Judith M. (August 20, 1971). "Thelma Ryan's Rise: From White Frame to White House".

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Pat Nixon held the record as the most-traveled First Lady until her mark was surpassed by

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had been issuing Thanksgiving proclamations, Pat became the only First Lady to issue one.

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noted that Pat Nixon had purchased a coat made of blonde mink and one of brown-and-black

1648:

Even when people can't speak your language, they can tell if you have love in your heart.

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of the White House. She also oversaw the White House wedding of her daughter, Tricia, to

557: 441: 398:, her tenure as First Lady ended two years later, when President Nixon resigned amid the 355: 286: 132: 1072:

Escorted by armed guards, Pat Nixon (far right) arrives via helicopter on the ground in

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First Ladies: The Saga of the Presidents' Wives and Their Power; 1961–1990 (Volume II)

4122: 1657: 592:. The two became acquainted at a Little Theater group when they were cast together in 6207: 6168: 5937: 5842: 5328: 5308: 5243: 5023: 5003: 4968: 4953: 4943: 4938: 4923: 4903: 4808: 4741: 4731: 4635: 4595: 4589: 4571: 4548: 4527: 4503: 4481: 4450: 4431: 4415: 4228: 4201: 4188: 4057: 3874: 2577: 2566: 2434: 2079: 1732: 1625: 1613: 1439: 1434:

thing, don't you?" Some journalists, such as columnist and White House Correspondent

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After her birth, the Ryan family moved to California, and in 1914 settled on a small

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Reif, Rita (November 30, 1968). "A Decorator for Nixons Gives Julie A Bit of Help".

2230: 6222: 6174: 6150: 6038: 5985: 5817: 5521: 5208: 5013: 4998: 4988: 4888: 4828: 2489: 1628:

was unable to attend because she was in the hospital recovering from a stroke, and

1491: 1471: 1139: 1112: 983: 895: 426: 367: 256: 4383:. Siena Research Institute/C-SPAN Study of the First Ladies of the United States. 6127: 6115: 6047: 6031: 5849: 5473: 5313: 5253: 5233: 5193: 5188: 5053: 5038: 4963: 4918: 4883: 4681: 4625: 4542: 3983: 3261:

Curtis, Charlotte (July 3, 1968). "Pat Nixon: 'Creature Comforts Don't Matter'".

3006:

Curtis, Charlotte (July 3, 1968). "Pat Nixon: 'Creature Comforts Don't Matter'".

1701: 1691: 1617: 1605: 1459: 1414: 1201: 1012: 816: 789: 729: 539: 4629: 2706:"Richard Nixon: Statement on Signing the Domestic Volunteer Service Act of 1973" 6000: 5913: 5834: 5483: 5343: 5273: 5070: 4993: 4933: 4838: 4823: 4674: 3861:. Richard Nixon Library Foundation. Archived from the original on July 20, 2008 1726: 1720: 1706: 1666: 1427: 1373: 1253: 1170: 1016: 1003: 916: 899: 733: 544: 501: 4056:. 195 Broadway New York, NY 10007: HarperCollins Publishers Inc. p. 321. 1146:, the highest Peruvian distinction and the oldest such honor in the Americas. 1076:, July 31, 1969. It was the first time a first lady had entered a combat zone. 998: 943:

and renovated the China room, and refurbished nine other rooms, including the

6254: 5410: 5203: 5178: 5075: 4853: 4813: 4148: 2532: 2530: 1711: 1585: 1165:. In the Ivory Coast, she was met by a quarter of a million people shouting " 1085: 1073: 1025: 915:

with French and English antiques, to serve as a design consultant. She hired

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Pat Nixon did not know of the secret tape recordings her husband had made.

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Determined "to make something out of myself", she enrolled in 1931 at the

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the president. In terms of cumulative assessment, Nixon has been ranked:

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and spit on the couple for being representatives of the U.S. government.

621:, but also qualified as a price analyst for the OPA. He then joined the 561: 509: 458: 422: 386: 351: 176: 4655: 2507:

Bender, Marylin (July 28, 1960). "Pat Nixon: A Diplomat in High Heels".

1320:

and Betty Ford. The outgoing president departed from the White House on

648:, known as Tricia. In 1948, Pat had the couple's second and last child, 5564: 5358: 5323: 5318: 5278: 5080: 5065: 5033: 4758: 4665: 4447:

First Ladies and the Fourth Estate: Press Framing of Presidential Wives

3203:

Weinman, Martha (September 11, 1960). "First Ladies—In Fashion, Too?".

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Newport, Frank; David W. Moore & Lydia Saad (December 13, 1999).

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degree in merchandising, together with a certificate to teach at the

552: 497: 453: 5166: 2492:(December 21, 1968). "Fashion Spotlight Turns to New First Family". 500:

at a high school. She also supplemented her income by working as an

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that evening, "Our hearts were breaking and there we are smiling."

1196:

in 1972. While President Nixon was in meetings, Pat toured through

421:

Thelma Catherine Ryan was born in 1912 in the small mining town of

3642: 982:

She invited former First Lady Jacqueline Kennedy and her children

4054:

First Women: The Grace and Power of America's Modern First Ladies

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In 1972, she became the first Republican First Lady to address a

684: 425:. Her father, William M. Ryan Sr., was a sailor, gold miner, and 5379: 512:. In this capacity, she made brief appearances in films such as 4690: 4669: 2005: 2003: 2001: 1999: 1997: 1995: 1993: 1991: 1989: 1987: 1487: 1216: 1006:, whom she hired, in the Red Room after her redecorations, 1971 745: 2783: 2756: 1458:

Pat Nixon's official White House portrait, painted in 1978 by

779: 702: 4090: 3358: 3322: 1150: 822: 712: 644:. That same year, she gave birth to a daughter and namesake, 4566:

Pat and Dick: The Nixons, An Intimate Portrait of a Marriage

4523:

Hidden Power: Presidential Marriages That Shaped Our History

2919:"JFK Jr. visited White House at invitation of Nixon, Reagan" 2305:

Sferrazza, "Thelma Catherine (Patricia) Ryan Nixon", p. 353.

1984: 1454: 1260:"But this is not appropriate now. I avoid the spectacular." 4017:. Richard Nixon Library & Birthplace Foundation. 2005. 2651:. Richard Nixon Library & Birthplace Foundation. 2005. 1490:, which resulted in the paralysis of her entire left side. 32: 4428:

The Residence: Inside the Private World of The White House

3778: 3033:"Mrs. Nixon Asserts Jane Fonda Should Bid Hanoi End War". 3465: 3385: 3269: 2982: 2626: 2590: 1845:. The National First Ladies Library. 2005. Archived from 1356:

was sufficiently smitten with her so as to give two rare

4449:. DeKalb, Illinois: Northern Illinois University Press. 3519: 2253: 4478:

The Lonely Lady of San Clemente: The Story of Pat Nixon

3587:. Miller Center of Public Affairs. 2008. Archived from 3443:"Nixon's resignation changed American politics forever" 2431:

Nixon Volume I: The Education of a Politician 1913–1962

2374: 1837: 1835: 1833: 1831: 1829: 1827: 1825: 1823: 1821: 1819: 1817: 1815: 930:

Pat Nixon greets well-wishers on a trip to Hawaii, 1972

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from 1953 to 1961 when her husband was vice president.

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Presidential Recordings and Materials Preservation Act

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Krebs, Alvin (May 11, 1972). "More on the Wedding".

2849: 2708:. The American Presidency Project. October 1, 1973. 4618:

American First Ladies: Their Lives and Their Legacy

3922: 2301: 2299: 2297: 2295: 2169: 1792: 4563: 4540: 4414: 4091:Weil, Martin; Randolph, Eleanor (April 23, 1994). 3897: 3664:Toner, Robin (February 2, 1997). "Running Mates". 3047: 2521: 2076:Wilshire Boulevard: Grand Concourse of Los Angeles 1882: 1533:, California, in November 1991. Former First Lady 1343:Pat Nixon viewing pandas in a Chinese zoo in 1972. 1134:said that Peruvians could never forget Pat Nixon. 3692:"The one big interview Mike Wallace never landed" 3260: 3005: 2488: 2073: 1867: 1608:did not attend the funeral and former presidents 844:Pat Nixon greets young White House visitors, 1969 601:They eventually married on June 21, 1940, at the 508:in the film industry, for which she took several 16:First Lady of the United States from 1969 to 1974 6311:Second ladies and gentlemen of the United States 6252: 5168:Second ladies and gentlemen of the United States 4123:"Pat Nixon Statue at the Cerritos Senior Center" 3826: 2403:. December 6, 1968. pp. 1–2. Archived from 2292: 907:who decorated the family's 10-room apartment on 4656:Richard Nixon Foundation biography of Pat Nixon 4591:Front Row at the White House: My Life and Times 4311:. Siena Research Institute. December 18, 2008. 4272:. Siena Research Institute. February 15, 2014. 3609: 3202: 2506: 2487:by the furrier Sidney Fink of Blum & Fink. 2228: 2039: 2037: 711:Vice President and Pat Nixon during a visit to 4009: 4007: 3552: 2568:Richard Nixon and the Quest for a New Majority 2009: 1469:, in 1974 and settling into the Nixons' home, 6366:Grand Crosses of the Order of the Sun of Peru 5395: 5152: 4782: 4675:Video of funeral services for Pat Nixon, 1993 4300: 4298: 4296: 4294: 3899:"Pat Nixon Dies; Model Political Wife Was 81" 3636: 2272:"Diplomat in High Heels: Thelma Ryan Nixon". 1686:(for which Allen earned a nomination for the 1515:Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum 205:Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum 3985:Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents 3892: 3890: 3753: 3663: 3536: 3534: 3482: 3480: 3141: 3139: 3137: 2947: 2729: 2727: 2547: 2545: 2424: 2422: 2074:Roderick, Kevin; Lynxwiler, J. Eric (2005). 2034: 939:'s more publicized efforts. She created the 112:January 20, 1953 – January 20, 1961 4233:"President and Opera, on Unexpected Stages" 4004: 2866: 2864: 2159: 2157: 2155: 1360:to the United States as a gift from China. 1184:during their historic trip in February 1972 780:Her husband's campaigns—1960, 1962 and 1968 703:Second Lady of the United States, 1953–1961 339:from 1969 to 1974 as the wife of President 5402: 5388: 5159: 5145: 4789: 4775: 4494: 4347:. Siena College Research Institute. 2014. 4291: 4255: 4187: 3784: 3725: 3471: 3391: 3364: 3328: 3275: 2789: 2774: 2762: 2632: 2596: 2551: 2536: 2259: 2224: 2222: 2220: 2218: 2186: 2184: 2067: 1936:"Pat Nixon, Former First Lady, Dies at 81" 1930: 1928: 1926: 1924: 1922: 1011:varied American traditions, from opera to 873: 823:First Lady of the United States, 1969–1974 530:(1936). In some cases she ended up on the 335:; March 16, 1912 – June 22, 1993) was the 60:January 20, 1969 – August 9, 1974 31: 4541:O'Brien, Cormac; Suteski, Monika (2005). 4227: 3887: 3749: 3747: 3745: 3743: 3614:. University of Wisconsin. Archived from 3531: 3477: 3375: 3373: 3303: 3301: 3288: 3286: 3284: 3156: 3154: 3134: 3124: 3122: 3109: 3107: 3105: 3103: 3101: 3099: 3062: 3060: 3058: 3056: 3001: 2999: 2997: 2875:. Simon & Schuster. pp. 502–503. 2839: 2837: 2835: 2833: 2831: 2829: 2827: 2814: 2812: 2810: 2808: 2806: 2804: 2802: 2800: 2798: 2746: 2744: 2742: 2724: 2676: 2674: 2672: 2670: 2542: 2419: 2334: 2332: 2330: 2317: 2315: 2313: 2311: 1752: 1724:1987 world premiere in Houston, Texas; a 1688:Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress 1652: 1235:Pat Nixon posing in the White House, 1970 935:greatly, and dramatically, expanded upon 679:, she and her husband attended whichever 617:(OPA); Pat worked as a secretary for the 5534:Nixon v. General Services Administration 4093:"Richard M. Nixon, 37th President, Dies" 3405:"Richard M. Nixon: White House Farewell" 2861: 2152: 1656: 1504: 1453: 1391: 1338: 1283: 1230: 1175: 1067: 997: 965: 925: 889: 877: 839: 706: 658:California's 12th congressional district 564:level, which USC deemed equivalent to a 4412: 4147: 3964:from the original on September 21, 2023 3839:from the original on September 21, 2023 3808:from the original on September 21, 2023 3678: 3513: 3489:"Most Admired Men and Women: 1948–1998" 3429: 3379: 3352: 3340: 3307: 3292: 3217: 3160: 3145: 3128: 3113: 3090: 3078: 3066: 3020: 2929:from the original on September 18, 2015 2916: 2898:from the original on September 13, 2017 2843: 2818: 2750: 2692: 2680: 2620: 2608: 2428: 2338: 2321: 2215: 2190: 2181: 2130:"Pat and Edith: A Fashionable Footnote" 2127: 2121: 1946:from the original on September 21, 2023 1919: 1640:on April 22, 1994. He was also 81. Her 1541:The Nixons moved to a gated complex in 819:—and the country had a new First Lady. 754:pelted the Nixons' limousine with rocks 464: 6356:USC Rossier School of Education alumni 6253: 4584: 4516: 4425: 4318:from the original on December 22, 2021 4279:from the original on December 22, 2021 4051: 4039: 3829:"Another Nixon Summit, At His Library" 3804:. Associated Press. November 6, 1984. 3756:"Final Days for a Moldy Nixon Retreat" 3740: 3495:from the original on November 16, 2017 3370: 3298: 3281: 3151: 3119: 3096: 3053: 2994: 2988: 2886:Seelye, Katherine Q. (July 22, 1999). 2885: 2824: 2795: 2739: 2667: 2602: 2479:In 1968, however, a fashion writer of 2327: 2308: 2286: 2199:. Bowling Green, Kentucky. p. 4. 2012:"Pat Nixon Is the Ultimate Good Sport" 1898:"First Lady Hailed on Return 'Home'". 1408:domesticity, in stark contrast to the 1369:top-ten list of the most admired women 1328:; from there they flew to California. 642:United States House of Representatives 6401:20th-century American women educators 6381:Deaths from lung cancer in New Jersey 5383: 5140: 4770: 4561: 4475: 4444: 4354:from the original on October 10, 2022 3910:from the original on January 11, 2012 3540: 3525: 2966:. Chicago Tribune. October 24, 1969. 2870: 2855: 2733: 2563: 2515: 2433:. Simon & Schuster. p. 264. 2241:from the original on October 18, 2012 2175: 2163: 2140:from the original on November 6, 2018 2109:from the original on January 23, 2021 2097: 2095: 2010:Viorst, Judith (September 13, 1970). 1600:, were also in attendance. President 961:Winterthur Museum, Garden and Library 732:", so-called for the family's dog, a 326: 239: 6296:People from Saddle River, New Jersey 4620:(2nd ed.). New York: Routledge. 4463: 4390:from the original on October 9, 2022 4243:from the original on August 27, 2017 4169:from the original on August 27, 2017 4103:from the original on August 30, 2008 3940: 3928: 3698:. Associated Press. March 22, 2006. 3411:from the original on October 4, 2013 2970:from the original on August 28, 2017 2229:Steinem, Gloria (October 28, 1968). 2191:Johnson, Erskine (October 6, 1959). 2128:Thurman, Judith (November 7, 2011). 1560: 1334: 1226: 995:to see her son's official portrait. 827: 580:Marriage and family, early campaigns 5434:Vice President of the United States 5423:37th President of the United States 4696:First Ladies: Influence & Image 4129:from the original on August 4, 2009 3766:from the original on April 17, 2009 2917:Weisman, Jonathan (July 24, 1999). 2649:"Biography of First Lady Pat Nixon" 2231:"In Your Heart You Know He's Nixon" 2051:. February 29, 1960. Archived from 1144:Grand Cross of the Order of the Sun 1002:Pat Nixon with White House curator 972:1972 Republican National Convention 722:1952 Republican National Convention 534:, such as with her spoken lines in 13: 6371:Marshall School of Business alumni 6291:People from Park Ridge, New Jersey 5979:The Assassination of Richard Nixon 4661:White House biography on Pat Nixon 4609: 4570:. New York: Simon & Schuster. 4502:. New York: Simon & Schuster. 4421:. New York: William Morrow and Co. 4193:"Gala Opera Premiere: John Adams' 3954:"Pat Nixon Released From Hospital" 3827:Apple, R. W. Jr. (July 20, 1990). 3702:from the original on July 12, 2011 3610:Schmitz, Justin (March 12, 2008). 3237:. January 12, 1970. Archived from 3180:. January 24, 1969. Archived from 2712:from the original on June 24, 2013 2203:from the original on June 29, 2022 2092: 2022:from the original on March 1, 2018 1527:Ronald Reagan Presidential Library 14: 6417: 6396:20th-century American politicians 6331:Spouses of California politicians 6321:American people of German descent 6306:First ladies of the United States 5409: 4798:First ladies of the United States 4649: 4209:from the original on May 31, 2016 4021:from the original on June 9, 2015 3992:from the original on July 5, 2023 2655:from the original on June 8, 2015 2455:"Richard Nixon's Checkers Speech" 2358:. August 19, 2008. Archived from 1972:from the original on July 6, 2023 1843:"First Lady Biography: Pat Nixon" 1128:Great Peruvian earthquake of 1970 959:guides to attend sessions at the 486:University of Southern California 364:University of Southern California 283:University of Southern California 6326:American people of Irish descent 6281:People from Cerritos, California 6234: 6233: 4722:Second Lady of the United States 4413:Anthony, Carl Sferrazza (1991). 4366: 4330: 4221: 4181: 4141: 4115: 4084: 4045: 4015:"Funeral Services of Mrs. Nixon" 3976: 3946: 3851: 3820: 3790: 3737:Eisenhower, Julie (1986), p. 451 3449:. August 9, 1999. Archived from 2873:RN: The Memoirs of Richard Nixon 2457:. PBS. 2002–2003. Archived from 2397:"A Worshiper in the White House" 2078:. Angel City Press. p. 75. 1902:. September 6, 1969. p. 18. 1759:Siena College Research Institute 1477:Patricia Nixon Elementary School 1188:Another notable journey was the 1111: 1100: 584:While in Whittier, Pat Ryan met 345:second lady of the United States 300: 100:Second Lady of the United States 6391:20th-century American educators 6286:People from the Upper East Side 5899:Washington: Behind Closed Doors 5501:Presidential Library and Museum 5094:First Lady of the United States 4749:First Lady of the United States 3731: 3684: 3657: 3630: 3603: 3577: 3553:Angelo, Bonnie (July 5, 1993). 3546: 3435: 3397: 3313: 3253: 3223: 3196: 3166: 3026: 2964:"Pat Nixon Hires New Press Aid" 2956: 2941: 2910: 2879: 2768: 2698: 2557: 2500: 2473: 2447: 2389: 2344: 2265: 894:Nixon with Canadian First Lady 759:A November 1, 1958, article in 538:. She told Hollywood columnist 391:first First Lady to visit China 337:First Lady of the United States 235: 48:First Lady of the United States 4426:Brower, Kate Andersen (2015). 4052:Brower, Kate Andersen (2016). 1958: 1942:. July 23, 1993. p. D22. 1906: 1891: 1876: 1861: 1404:Pat Nixon as an embodiment of 615:Office of Price Administration 1: 5827:An Evening with Richard Nixon 4406: 3555:"The Woman in the Cloth Coat" 3319:Anthony, C. S. (1991), p. 210 2352:"Pat Nixon: Steel and Sorrow" 1538:getting air into her lungs." 1449: 1276:Democratic National Committee 1049:decision, Pat stated she was 726:Presidential campaign of 1952 590:Duke University School of Law 492:department store, and taught 416: 5442:U.S. Senator from California 3754:Coyne, Kevin (May 6, 2007). 3641:. WNYC Radio. Archived from 3048:O'Brien & Suteski (2005) 2522:O'Brien & Suteski (2005) 2429:Ambrose, Stephen E. (1988). 2276:. July 28, 1959. p. 11. 1785: 1363:Pat Nixon was listed on the 1263: 813:presidential victory of 1968 797:embarked on another campaign 776:think up some new project." 550:In 1937, Pat Ryan graduated 7: 5506:Birthplace and boyhood home 4500:Pat Nixon: The Untold Story 3798:"Pat Nixon Is Hospitalized" 2381:"The American Presidency". 1744:premiere in New York. This 664:, and then be nominated as 10: 6422: 6024:X-Men: Days of Future Past 5867:The Werewolf of Washington 4634:. New York: Random House. 4125:. City of Cerritos. 2000. 1710:. She was sung by soprano 1676:Pat has been portrayed by 1630:Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis 1267: 1194:People's Republic of China 1063: 570:Whittier Union High School 6202: 6137: 6102: 6076: 5799: 5779: 5682: 5627: 5611: 5590: 5581: 5557: 5464: 5417: 5174: 5089: 4819:Martha Jefferson Randolph 4804: 4755: 4746: 4738: 4728: 4719: 4711: 4706: 4374:"2014 Power Couple Score" 3879:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 3859:"Museum Tour: The Museum" 3231:"Pat's Wardrobe Mistress" 1180:The Nixons walked on the 675:Although Pat Nixon was a 396:landslide victory in 1972 343:. She also served as the 308: 296: 270: 249: 220: 210: 200: 183: 159: 154: 150: 138: 126: 116: 105: 98: 86: 74: 64: 53: 46: 42: 30: 23: 6361:Fullerton College alumni 6118:(early campaign manager) 6009:The Impossible Astronaut 5496:Richard Nixon Foundation 5219:Ellen Vesta Emery Hamlin 5214:Mary Cyrene Breckinridge 4076:: CS1 maint: location ( 1500:Saddle River, New Jersey 1467:San Clemente, California 1126:After hearing about the 1015:; among the guests were 697:Marble Collegiate Church 407:San Clemente, California 360:Fullerton Junior College 6406:20th-century Methodists 6276:People from Ely, Nevada 6145:Thelma "Pat" Ryan Nixon 5883:All the President's Men 5549:Death and state funeral 5511:"Last press conference" 5284:Mariette Rheiner Garner 5259:Cornelia Cole Fairbanks 4496:Eisenhower, Julie Nixon 4445:Burns, Lisa M. (2008). 3491:. Gallup Organization. 2871:Nixon, Richard (2013). 2383:Encyclopædia Britannica 1778:33rd-best of 39 in 2014 1775:35th-best of 38 in 2008 1772:33rd-best of 38 in 2003 1769:18th-best of 37 in 1993 1766:37th-best of 42 in 1982 1580:, and the Reverend Dr. 1204:summit meetings in the 1026:Edward Ridley Finch Cox 874:Life in the White House 6386:Tobacco-related deaths 6351:New Jersey Republicans 6346:California Republicans 6157:Julie Nixon Eisenhower 6089:Presidential Townhouse 5986:Frost–Nixon interviews 5737:running mate selection 5700:running mate selection 5264:Carrie Babcock Sherman 5121:National Historic Site 4680:April 3, 2012, at the 4594:. New York: Scribner. 4526:. New York: Pantheon. 4476:David, Lester (1978). 3637:Wallace, Mike (2005). 2564:Mason, Robert (2004). 1753:Historical assessments 1662: 1653:Popular culture impact 1650: 1543:Park Ridge, New Jersey 1510: 1462: 1397: 1380:, the director of the 1344: 1326:Andrews Air Force Base 1302:official china pattern 1294:Julie Nixon Eisenhower 1289: 1236: 1190:Nixons' historic visit 1185: 1082:Hillary Rodham Clinton 1077: 1041:Equal Rights Amendment 1007: 975: 931: 903: 887: 845: 801:Governor of California 716: 473:in 1929, she attended 469:After graduating from 358:in 1929. She attended 194:Park Ridge, New Jersey 6376:Deaths from emphysema 6163:Christopher Nixon Cox 5971:Dark Side of the Moon 5859:Impeach the President 5479:1958 motorcade attack 4471:. New York: Scribner. 3960:. February 13, 1987. 3407:. The History Place. 2572:. UNC Press. p. 2103:"Patricia Ryan Nixon" 1966:"Pat Nixon Biography" 1660: 1646: 1624:also did not attend. 1508: 1457: 1395: 1342: 1287: 1268:Further information: 1234: 1215:. Later, she visited 1179: 1071: 1001: 969: 929: 893: 881: 843: 710: 607:Riverside, California 471:Excelsior High School 409:, and later moved to 164:Thelma Catherine Ryan 6181:Hannah Milhous Nixon 6068:Nixon parody account 5249:Jennie Tuttle Hobart 4562:Swift, Will (2014). 4430:. New York: Harper. 4231:(February 4, 2011). 4191:(October 24, 1987). 4151:(October 24, 1987). 3639:"Between You and Me" 3591:on February 12, 2012 3565:on December 11, 2008 3241:on November 14, 2007 3184:on November 14, 2007 2792:, pp. 261, 263. 2765:, pp. 260, 264. 2407:on November 14, 2007 2362:on December 22, 2008 2197:Park City Daily News 2045:"The Silent Partner" 1671:Cerritos, California 1482:On July 7, 1976, at 1460:Henriette Wyeth Hurd 1410:second-wave feminism 882:The First Lady with 815:over Vice-President 795:In 1962, the Nixons 693:Norman Vincent Peale 666:Dwight D. Eisenhower 662:United States Senate 574:Whittier, California 465:Education and career 394:was re-elected in a 380:Dwight D. Eisenhower 6316:American Methodists 6227:Lyndon B. Johnson → 6208:← Lyndon B. Johnson 6011:" (2011 TV episode) 5875:White House Madness 5812:Nixon goes to China 5542:Nixon v. Fitzgerald 5516:Florida White House 5450:U.S. Representative 5299:Jane Hadley Barkley 5269:Lois Irene Marshall 4097:The Washington Post 3528:, pp. 107–108. 3367:, pp. 417–419. 3331:, pp. 409–410. 2991:, pp. 155–156. 2554:, pp. 235, 237 2461:on November 9, 2007 2105:. The White House. 1669:was established in 1571:California Governor 1496:Manhattan, New York 1486:, Nixon suffered a 1465:After returning to 1365:Gallup Organization 1182:Great Wall of China 1058:national convention 558:Bachelor of Science 431:Saint Patrick's Day 356:Norwalk, California 133:Jane Hadley Barkley 6341:Nevada Republicans 6223:← Alben W. Barkley 6094:Richard Nixon mask 6063:U.S. postage stamp 5963:Nixon's China Game 5891:The Public Burning 5720:Kennedy transition 5229:Ellen Maria Colfax 5019:Jacqueline Kennedy 4849:Angelica Van Buren 4237:The New York Times 4229:Tommasini, Anthony 4189:Bernheimer, Martin 4162:The New York Times 3958:The New York Times 3833:The New York Times 3802:The New York Times 3760:The New York Times 3666:The New York Times 3543:, pp. 110–111 3453:on August 29, 2007 3263:The New York Times 3205:The New York Times 3148:, pp. 199–200 3035:The New York Times 3008:The New York Times 2950:The New York Times 2892:The New York Times 2777:The New York Times 2539:, pp. 205–206 2509:The New York Times 2494:The New York Times 2481:The New York Times 2274:The New York Times 2016:The New York Times 1940:The New York Times 1912:Illustration in a 1900:The New York Times 1885:The New York Times 1870:The New York Times 1742:Metropolitan Opera 1663: 1511: 1463: 1436:Robert E. Thompson 1398: 1382:United States Mint 1352:, Chinese Premier 1345: 1314:Theodore Roosevelt 1290: 1249:The New York Times 1242:Women's Wear Daily 1237: 1213:Viktoria Brezhneva 1186: 1167:Vive Madame Nixon! 1078: 1008: 976: 970:Pat addresses the 937:Jacqueline Kennedy 932: 904: 888: 884:Queen Elizabeth II 855:Jacqueline Kennedy 846: 769:The New York Times 717: 623:United States Navy 619:American Red Cross 532:cutting room floor 521:The Great Ziegfeld 490:Bullock's-Wilshire 6248: 6247: 6169:Jennie Eisenhower 6059:(2019 board game) 6040:Elvis & Nixon 5939:Elvis Meets Nixon 5902:(1977 miniseries) 5843:Another Nice Mess 5795: 5794: 5628:Vice Presidential 5377: 5376: 5329:Happy Rockefeller 5309:Lady Bird Johnson 5244:Letitia Stevenson 5134: 5133: 5024:Lady Bird Johnson 5004:Eleanor Roosevelt 4954:Frances Cleveland 4944:Caroline Harrison 4939:Frances Cleveland 4924:Lucretia Garfield 4904:Mary Todd Lincoln 4809:Martha Washington 4765: 4764: 4756:Succeeded by 4742:Lady Bird Johnson 4732:Lady Bird Johnson 4729:Succeeded by 4577:978-1-4516-7694-5 4456:978-0-87580-391-3 4437:978-0-06-230519-0 4202:Los Angeles Times 3906:. June 23, 1993. 3904:Los Angeles Times 3785:Eisenhower (1986) 3726:Eisenhower (1986) 3618:on August 3, 2016 3472:Eisenhower (1986) 3392:Eisenhower (1986) 3365:Eisenhower (1986) 3329:Eisenhower (1986) 3276:Eisenhower (1986) 3037:. August 9, 1972. 2923:The Baltimore Sun 2790:Eisenhower (1986) 2763:Eisenhower (1986) 2633:Eisenhower (1986) 2597:Eisenhower (1986) 2552:Eisenhower (1986) 2537:Eisenhower (1986) 2490:Curtis, Charlotte 2260:Eisenhower (1986) 2193:"Hollywood Today" 1733:Los Angeles Times 1704:in the 2009 film 1694:in the 2008 film 1680:in the 1995 film 1626:Lady Bird Johnson 1614:George H. W. Bush 1592:and their wives, 1576:, Kansas senator 1561:Death and funeral 1553:, and ultimately 1440:feminine mystique 1335:Public perception 1270:Watergate scandal 1227:Fashion and style 1210:Soviet First Lady 868:George Washington 835:Lady Bird Johnson 828:Major initiatives 786:the 1960 election 762:The Seattle Times 681:Protestant church 670:vice presidential 475:Fullerton College 461:in South Dakota. 400:Watergate scandal 312: 311: 278:Fullerton College 145:Lady Bird Johnson 81:Lady Bird Johnson 6413: 6237: 6236: 6175:Francis A. Nixon 6151:Tricia Nixon Cox 5950:(1999 TV series) 5588: 5587: 5522:La Casa Pacifica 5457: 5445: 5437: 5426: 5404: 5397: 5390: 5381: 5380: 5209:Abigail Fillmore 5161: 5154: 5147: 5138: 5137: 5014:Mamie Eisenhower 4989:Florence Harding 4889:Abigail Fillmore 4829:Elizabeth Monroe 4791: 4784: 4777: 4768: 4767: 4739:Preceded by 4712:Preceded by 4707:Honorary titles 4704: 4703: 4645: 4626:Truman, Margaret 4621: 4605: 4581: 4569: 4558: 4537: 4513: 4491: 4472: 4460: 4441: 4422: 4420: 4400: 4399: 4397: 4395: 4389: 4378: 4370: 4364: 4363: 4361: 4359: 4353: 4342: 4334: 4328: 4327: 4325: 4323: 4317: 4310: 4302: 4289: 4288: 4286: 4284: 4278: 4267: 4259: 4253: 4252: 4250: 4248: 4225: 4219: 4218: 4216: 4214: 4185: 4179: 4178: 4176: 4174: 4145: 4139: 4138: 4136: 4134: 4119: 4113: 4112: 4110: 4108: 4088: 4082: 4081: 4075: 4067: 4049: 4043: 4037: 4031: 4030: 4028: 4026: 4011: 4002: 4001: 3999: 3997: 3980: 3974: 3973: 3971: 3969: 3950: 3944: 3938: 3932: 3926: 3920: 3919: 3917: 3915: 3901: 3894: 3885: 3884: 3878: 3870: 3868: 3866: 3855: 3849: 3848: 3846: 3844: 3824: 3818: 3817: 3815: 3813: 3794: 3788: 3782: 3776: 3775: 3773: 3771: 3751: 3738: 3735: 3729: 3723: 3712: 3711: 3709: 3707: 3688: 3682: 3676: 3670: 3669: 3661: 3655: 3654: 3652: 3650: 3645:on June 18, 2008 3634: 3628: 3627: 3625: 3623: 3607: 3601: 3600: 3598: 3596: 3581: 3575: 3574: 3572: 3570: 3561:. 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C1. 4220: 4195:Nixon in China 4180: 4155:Nixon in China 4149:Henahan, Donal 4140: 4114: 4083: 4062: 4044: 4042:, p. 258. 4032: 4003: 3975: 3945: 3943:, p. 441. 3933: 3921: 3886: 3850: 3819: 3789: 3787:, p. 458. 3777: 3739: 3730: 3713: 3683: 3681:, p. 182. 3679:Anthony (1991) 3671: 3656: 3629: 3602: 3585:"Thelma Nixon" 3576: 3545: 3530: 3518: 3516:, p. 167. 3514:Anthony (1991) 3506: 3476: 3474:, p. 453. 3464: 3434: 3432:, p. 218. 3430:Anthony (1991) 3422: 3396: 3394:, p. 424. 3384: 3380:Anthony (1991) 3369: 3357: 3355:, p. 216. 3353:Anthony (1991) 3345: 3343:, p. 214. 3341:Anthony (1991) 3333: 3321: 3312: 3308:Anthony (1991) 3297: 3293:Anthony (1991) 3280: 3278:, p. 187. 3268: 3252: 3222: 3220:, p. 192. 3218:Anthony (1991) 3210: 3195: 3165: 3161:Anthony (1991) 3150: 3146:Anthony (1991) 3133: 3129:Anthony (1991) 3118: 3114:Anthony (1991) 3095: 3093:, p. 186. 3091:Anthony (1991) 3083: 3081:, p. 185. 3079:Anthony (1991) 3071: 3067:Anthony (1991) 3052: 3050:, p. 239. 3040: 3025: 3023:, p. 194. 3021:Anthony (1991) 3013: 2993: 2981: 2955: 2940: 2909: 2878: 2860: 2858:, p. 128. 2848: 2844:Anthony (1991) 2823: 2819:Anthony (1991) 2794: 2782: 2767: 2755: 2751:Anthony (1991) 2738: 2723: 2697: 2695:, p. 181. 2693:Anthony (1991) 2685: 2681:Anthony (1991) 2666: 2637: 2635:, p. 254. 2625: 2623:, p. 168. 2621:Anthony (1991) 2613: 2609:Anthony (1991) 2601: 2599:, p. 236. 2589: 2582: 2556: 2541: 2526: 2514: 2499: 2472: 2446: 2440:978-0671657222 2439: 2418: 2388: 2373: 2343: 2339:Anthony (1991) 2326: 2322:Anthony (1991) 2307: 2291: 2289:, p. 173. 2279: 2264: 2252: 2214: 2180: 2168: 2151: 2134:The New Yorker 2120: 2091: 2084: 2066: 2033: 1983: 1957: 1918: 1914:New York Times 1905: 1890: 1875: 1860: 1849:on May 9, 2012 1790: 1789: 1787: 1784: 1780: 1779: 1776: 1773: 1770: 1767: 1754: 1751: 1746:New York Times 1727:New York Times 1721:Nixon in China 1707:Black Dynamite 1667:Pat Nixon Park 1654: 1651: 1562: 1559: 1523:Pat Nixon Rose 1451: 1448: 1428:Gloria Steinem 1374:American Dream 1336: 1333: 1265: 1262: 1254:Geoffrey Beene 1228: 1225: 1171:Charles Colson 1117: 1110: 1109: 1108: 1099: 1098: 1097: 1096: 1095: 1065: 1062: 1017:The Carpenters 1004:Clement Conger 917:Clement Conger 900:Justin Trudeau 875: 872: 829: 826: 824: 821: 781: 778: 734:cocker spaniel 704: 701: 687:services with 595:The Dark Tower 581: 578: 545:Gloria Steinem 466: 463: 418: 415: 362:and later the 310: 309: 306: 305: 298: 294: 293: 291: 290: 280: 274: 272: 268: 267: 265: 264: 259: 253: 251: 247: 246: 231: 225: 224: 222: 218: 217: 212: 208: 207: 202: 198: 197: 191:(aged 81) 185: 181: 180: 174:March 16, 1912 163: 161: 157: 156: 152: 151: 148: 147: 142: 136: 135: 130: 124: 123: 120: 118:Vice President 114: 113: 103: 102: 96: 95: 90: 84: 83: 78: 72: 71: 66: 62: 61: 51: 50: 44: 43: 40: 39: 36: 28: 27: 24: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6418: 6407: 6404: 6402: 6399: 6397: 6394: 6392: 6389: 6387: 6384: 6382: 6379: 6377: 6374: 6372: 6369: 6367: 6364: 6362: 6359: 6357: 6354: 6352: 6349: 6347: 6344: 6342: 6339: 6337: 6336:Retail clerks 6334: 6332: 6329: 6327: 6324: 6322: 6319: 6317: 6314: 6312: 6309: 6307: 6304: 6302: 6299: 6297: 6294: 6292: 6289: 6287: 6284: 6282: 6279: 6277: 6274: 6272: 6269: 6267: 6264: 6262: 6259: 6258: 6256: 6241: 6240: 6231: 6230: 6226: 6224: 6221: 6220: 6217: 6216: 6215:Gerald Ford → 6212: 6210: 6209: 6205: 6204: 6201: 6194: 6191: 6188: 6185: 6182: 6179: 6176: 6173: 6170: 6167: 6164: 6161: 6158: 6155: 6152: 6149: 6146: 6143: 6142: 6140: 6136: 6129: 6126: 6123: 6120: 6117: 6114: 6111: 6108: 6107: 6105: 6101: 6095: 6092: 6090: 6087: 6085: 6082: 6081: 6079: 6075: 6069: 6066: 6064: 6061: 6058: 6057: 6053: 6050: 6049: 6045: 6043: 6041: 6037: 6034: 6033: 6029: 6026: 6025: 6021: 6019: 6017: 6013: 6010: 6006: 6003: 6002: 5998: 5995: 5991: 5987: 5984: 5981: 5980: 5976: 5973: 5972: 5968: 5965: 5964: 5960: 5958: 5956: 5952: 5949: 5948: 5944: 5942: 5940: 5936: 5934: 5932: 5928: 5925: 5924: 5920: 5918: 5916: 5912: 5910: 5908: 5904: 5901: 5900: 5896: 5893: 5892: 5888: 5886: 5884: 5880: 5878: 5876: 5872: 5869: 5868: 5864: 5862: 5860: 5856: 5854: 5852: 5848: 5845: 5844: 5840: 5837: 5836: 5832: 5829: 5828: 5824: 5822: 5820: 5816: 5813: 5809: 5808: 5806: 5804: 5798: 5788: 5785: 5784: 5782: 5780:Gubernatorial 5778: 5770: 5767: 5765: 5762: 5760: 5757: 5756: 5755: 5754:1972 campaign 5752: 5748: 5745: 5743: 5740: 5738: 5735: 5733: 5730: 5729: 5728: 5727:1968 campaign 5725: 5721: 5718: 5716: 5713: 5711: 5708: 5706: 5703: 5701: 5698: 5696: 5693: 5692: 5691: 5690:1960 campaign 5688: 5687: 5685: 5681: 5673: 5670: 5668: 5665: 5664: 5663: 5662:1956 campaign 5660: 5656: 5653: 5651: 5648: 5646: 5643: 5641: 5638: 5637: 5636: 5635:1952 campaign 5633: 5632: 5630: 5626: 5620: 5617: 5616: 5614: 5610: 5604: 5601: 5599: 5596: 5595: 5593: 5589: 5586: 5584: 5580: 5574: 5571: 5569: 5567: 5563: 5562: 5560: 5556: 5550: 5547: 5544: 5543: 5539: 5536: 5535: 5531: 5529: 5526: 5523: 5519: 5517: 5514: 5512: 5509: 5507: 5504: 5502: 5499: 5497: 5494: 5490: 5487: 5485: 5482: 5480: 5477: 5476: 5475: 5472: 5471: 5469: 5463: 5455: 5451: 5447: 5443: 5439: 5435: 5432: 5428: 5424: 5420: 5419: 5416: 5412: 5411:Richard Nixon 5405: 5400: 5398: 5393: 5391: 5386: 5385: 5382: 5370: 5367: 5365: 5362: 5360: 5357: 5355: 5352: 5350: 5347: 5345: 5342: 5340: 5337: 5335: 5332: 5330: 5327: 5325: 5322: 5320: 5317: 5315: 5312: 5310: 5307: 5305: 5302: 5300: 5297: 5295: 5292: 5290: 5287: 5285: 5282: 5280: 5277: 5275: 5272: 5270: 5267: 5265: 5262: 5260: 5257: 5255: 5252: 5250: 5247: 5245: 5242: 5240: 5237: 5235: 5232: 5230: 5227: 5225: 5224:Eliza Johnson 5222: 5220: 5217: 5215: 5212: 5210: 5207: 5205: 5204:Sophia Dallas 5202: 5200: 5199:Letitia Tyler 5197: 5195: 5192: 5190: 5187: 5185: 5182: 5180: 5179:Abigail Adams 5177: 5176: 5173: 5169: 5162: 5157: 5155: 5150: 5148: 5143: 5142: 5139: 5127: 5124: 5122: 5119: 5115: 5112: 5110: 5107: 5105: 5102: 5100: 5097: 5096: 5095: 5092: 5091: 5088: 5082: 5079: 5077: 5076:Melania Trump 5074: 5072: 5069: 5067: 5064: 5060: 5057: 5056: 5055: 5052: 5050: 5047: 5045: 5042: 5040: 5037: 5035: 5032: 5030: 5027: 5025: 5022: 5020: 5017: 5015: 5012: 5010: 5007: 5005: 5002: 5000: 4997: 4995: 4992: 4990: 4987: 4985: 4982: 4980: 4977: 4975: 4972: 4970: 4967: 4965: 4962: 4960: 4957: 4955: 4952: 4950: 4949:Mary Harrison 4947: 4945: 4942: 4940: 4937: 4935: 4932: 4930: 4927: 4925: 4922: 4920: 4917: 4915: 4912: 4910: 4909:Eliza Johnson 4907: 4905: 4902: 4900: 4897: 4895: 4892: 4890: 4887: 4885: 4882: 4880: 4877: 4875: 4872: 4870: 4867: 4865: 4864:Letitia Tyler 4862: 4860: 4859:Jane Harrison 4857: 4855: 4854:Anna Harrison 4852: 4850: 4847: 4845: 4844:Sarah Jackson 4842: 4840: 4837: 4835: 4832: 4830: 4827: 4825: 4822: 4820: 4817: 4815: 4814:Abigail Adams 4812: 4810: 4807: 4806: 4803: 4799: 4792: 4787: 4785: 4780: 4778: 4773: 4772: 4769: 4760: 4751: 4750: 4743: 4737: 4733: 4724: 4723: 4716: 4710: 4705: 4698: 4697: 4692: 4688: 4685: 4683: 4679: 4676: 4673: 4672: 4671: 4667: 4664: 4662: 4659: 4657: 4654: 4653: 4643: 4641:0-679-43439-9 4637: 4633: 4632: 4627: 4623: 4619: 4614: 4613: 4603: 4601:0-684-86809-1 4597: 4593: 4592: 4587: 4586:Thomas, Helen 4583: 4579: 4573: 4568: 4567: 4560: 4556: 4554:1-59474-014-3 4550: 4546: 4545: 4539: 4535: 4533:0-375-40106-7 4529: 4525: 4524: 4519: 4515: 4511: 4509:0-671-24424-8 4505: 4501: 4497: 4493: 4489: 4487:0-690-01688-3 4483: 4479: 4474: 4470: 4466: 4465:Bush, Barbara 4462: 4458: 4452: 4448: 4443: 4439: 4433: 4429: 4424: 4419: 4418: 4411: 4410: 4386: 4382: 4375: 4369: 4350: 4346: 4339: 4333: 4314: 4307: 4301: 4299: 4297: 4295: 4275: 4271: 4264: 4258: 4242: 4238: 4234: 4230: 4224: 4208: 4204: 4203: 4198: 4196: 4190: 4184: 4168: 4164: 4163: 4158: 4156: 4150: 4144: 4128: 4124: 4118: 4102: 4098: 4094: 4087: 4079: 4073: 4065: 4063:9780062439666 4059: 4055: 4048: 4041: 4040:Thomas (1999) 4036: 4020: 4016: 4010: 4008: 3991: 3987: 3986: 3979: 3963: 3959: 3955: 3949: 3942: 3937: 3931:, p. 97. 3930: 3925: 3909: 3905: 3900: 3893: 3891: 3882: 3876: 3860: 3854: 3838: 3834: 3830: 3823: 3807: 3803: 3799: 3793: 3786: 3781: 3765: 3761: 3757: 3750: 3748: 3746: 3744: 3734: 3728:, p. 441 3727: 3722: 3720: 3718: 3701: 3697: 3693: 3687: 3680: 3675: 3667: 3660: 3644: 3640: 3633: 3617: 3613: 3606: 3590: 3586: 3580: 3564: 3560: 3556: 3549: 3542: 3537: 3535: 3527: 3522: 3515: 3510: 3494: 3490: 3483: 3481: 3473: 3468: 3452: 3448: 3444: 3438: 3431: 3426: 3415:September 23, 3410: 3406: 3400: 3393: 3388: 3382:, p. 217 3381: 3376: 3374: 3366: 3361: 3354: 3349: 3342: 3337: 3330: 3325: 3316: 3310:, p. 203 3309: 3304: 3302: 3295:, p. 201 3294: 3289: 3287: 3285: 3277: 3272: 3264: 3256: 3240: 3236: 3232: 3226: 3219: 3214: 3206: 3199: 3183: 3179: 3175: 3174:"Redoing Pat" 3169: 3163:, p. 215 3162: 3157: 3155: 3147: 3142: 3140: 3138: 3131:, p. 197 3130: 3125: 3123: 3116:, p. 196 3115: 3110: 3108: 3106: 3104: 3102: 3100: 3092: 3087: 3080: 3075: 3069:, p. 171 3068: 3063: 3061: 3059: 3057: 3049: 3044: 3036: 3029: 3022: 3017: 3009: 3002: 3000: 2998: 2990: 2989:Brower (2015) 2985: 2969: 2965: 2959: 2951: 2944: 2928: 2924: 2920: 2913: 2897: 2893: 2889: 2882: 2874: 2867: 2865: 2857: 2852: 2846:, p. 187 2845: 2840: 2838: 2836: 2834: 2832: 2830: 2828: 2821:, p. 188 2820: 2815: 2813: 2811: 2809: 2807: 2805: 2803: 2801: 2799: 2791: 2786: 2778: 2771: 2764: 2759: 2753:, p. 178 2752: 2747: 2745: 2743: 2736:, p. 125 2735: 2730: 2728: 2711: 2707: 2701: 2694: 2689: 2683:, p. 177 2682: 2677: 2675: 2673: 2671: 2654: 2650: 2644: 2642: 2634: 2629: 2622: 2617: 2611:, p. 165 2610: 2605: 2598: 2593: 2585: 2583:0-8078-2905-6 2579: 2575: 2570: 2569: 2560: 2553: 2548: 2546: 2538: 2533: 2531: 2524:, p. 234 2523: 2518: 2511:. p. 31. 2510: 2503: 2495: 2491: 2486: 2482: 2476: 2460: 2456: 2450: 2442: 2436: 2432: 2425: 2423: 2406: 2402: 2398: 2392: 2384: 2377: 2361: 2357: 2353: 2347: 2341:, p. 173 2340: 2335: 2333: 2331: 2324:, p. 172 2323: 2318: 2316: 2314: 2312: 2302: 2300: 2298: 2296: 2288: 2287:Marton (2001) 2283: 2275: 2268: 2262:, p. 48. 2261: 2256: 2240: 2236: 2232: 2225: 2223: 2221: 2219: 2202: 2198: 2194: 2187: 2185: 2178:, p. 41. 2177: 2172: 2165: 2160: 2158: 2156: 2139: 2135: 2131: 2124: 2108: 2104: 2098: 2096: 2087: 2085:1-883318-55-6 2081: 2077: 2070: 2054: 2050: 2046: 2040: 2038: 2021: 2017: 2013: 2006: 2004: 2002: 2000: 1998: 1996: 1994: 1992: 1990: 1988: 1971: 1967: 1961: 1945: 1941: 1937: 1931: 1929: 1927: 1925: 1923: 1915: 1909: 1901: 1894: 1886: 1879: 1871: 1864: 1848: 1844: 1838: 1836: 1834: 1832: 1830: 1828: 1826: 1824: 1822: 1820: 1818: 1816: 1814: 1812: 1810: 1808: 1806: 1804: 1802: 1800: 1798: 1796: 1791: 1783: 1777: 1774: 1771: 1768: 1765: 1764: 1763: 1760: 1750: 1747: 1743: 1739: 1735: 1734: 1729: 1728: 1723: 1722: 1717: 1713: 1712:Carolann Page 1709: 1708: 1703: 1699: 1698: 1693: 1689: 1685: 1684: 1679: 1674: 1672: 1668: 1665:In 1994, the 1659: 1649: 1645: 1643: 1639: 1634: 1631: 1627: 1623: 1619: 1615: 1611: 1607: 1603: 1599: 1595: 1591: 1587: 1586:Ronald Reagan 1583: 1579: 1575: 1572: 1567: 1558: 1556: 1552: 1548: 1544: 1539: 1536: 1532: 1528: 1524: 1520: 1516: 1507: 1503: 1501: 1497: 1493: 1489: 1485: 1480: 1478: 1474: 1473: 1468: 1461: 1456: 1447: 1445: 1441: 1437: 1431: 1429: 1424: 1422: 1417: 1416: 1411: 1407: 1403: 1394: 1390: 1388: 1383: 1379: 1375: 1370: 1366: 1361: 1359: 1355: 1351: 1350:China in 1972 1341: 1332: 1329: 1327: 1323: 1319: 1315: 1310: 1307: 1303: 1298: 1295: 1286: 1282: 1281: 1277: 1271: 1261: 1257: 1255: 1251: 1250: 1244: 1243: 1233: 1224: 1222: 1218: 1214: 1211: 1207: 1203: 1199: 1195: 1191: 1183: 1178: 1174: 1172: 1168: 1164: 1160: 1156: 1152: 1147: 1145: 1141: 1137: 1133: 1129: 1114: 1103: 1094: 1091: 1087: 1086:South Vietnam 1083: 1075: 1074:South Vietnam 1070: 1061: 1059: 1054: 1052: 1048: 1047: 1042: 1038: 1037:Supreme Court 1033: 1029: 1027: 1023: 1018: 1014: 1005: 1000: 996: 994: 989: 985: 980: 973: 968: 964: 962: 956: 954: 950: 946: 942: 938: 928: 924: 922: 918: 914: 910: 901: 897: 892: 885: 880: 871: 869: 864: 858: 856: 852: 842: 838: 836: 820: 818: 814: 808: 806: 802: 798: 793: 791: 787: 777: 773: 771: 770: 764: 763: 757: 755: 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During the 723: 714: 709: 700: 698: 694: 690: 686: 682: 678: 673: 671: 667: 663: 659: 655: 654:Jerry Voorhis 651: 647: 643: 638: 635: 631: 626: 624: 620: 616: 612: 608: 604: 599: 597: 596: 591: 587: 586:Richard Nixon 577: 575: 571: 567: 563: 559: 555: 554: 548: 546: 541: 537: 533: 529: 528: 523: 522: 517: 516: 511: 507: 503: 499: 495: 491: 487: 482: 480: 476: 472: 462: 460: 455: 449: 447: 444:(present-day 443: 439: 434: 432: 428: 424: 414: 412: 408: 403: 401: 397: 392: 388: 383: 381: 377: 376:congressional 373: 369: 365: 361: 357: 353: 348: 346: 342: 341:Richard Nixon 338: 333: 329: 324: 320: 316: 307: 303: 299: 295: 288: 284: 281: 279: 276: 275: 273: 269: 263: 260: 258: 255: 254: 252: 248: 228: 227:Richard Nixon 223: 219: 216: 213: 209: 206: 203: 201:Resting place 199: 195: 187:June 22, 1993 186: 182: 178: 162: 158: 153: 149: 146: 143: 137: 134: 131: 125: 122:Richard Nixon 121: 115: 109: 104: 101: 97: 94: 91: 85: 82: 79: 73: 70: 69:Richard Nixon 67: 63: 57: 52: 49: 45: 41: 37:Nixon in 1972 34: 29: 22: 19: 6301:Nixon family 6232: 6213: 6206: 6193:Edward Nixon 6187:Donald Nixon 6144: 6110:Jack Brennan 6054: 6046: 6039: 6035:(2015 novel) 6030: 6022: 6015: 5999: 5977: 5969: 5961: 5954: 5945: 5938: 5930: 5921: 5917:(1987 opera) 5914: 5907:Secret Honor 5906: 5897: 5894:(1977 novel) 5889: 5882: 5874: 5865: 5858: 5850: 5841: 5833: 5825: 5818: 5683:Presidential 5573:Bibliography 5565: 5540: 5532: 5528:Nixon Center 5489:Operation 40 5354:Lynne Cheney 5339:Barbara Bush 5334:Joan Mondale 5303: 5049:Barbara Bush 5044:Nancy Reagan 5028: 4984:Edith Wilson 4974:Ellen Wilson 4959:Ida McKinley 4929:Mary McElroy 4899:Harriet Lane 4834:Louisa Adams 4747: 4720: 4715:Jane Barkley 4694: 4631:First Ladies 4630: 4617: 4590: 4565: 4543: 4522: 4518:Marton, Kati 4499: 4477: 4468: 4446: 4427: 4416: 4392:. Retrieved 4380: 4368: 4356:. Retrieved 4344: 4332: 4320:. Retrieved 4281:. Retrieved 4269: 4257: 4247:September 7, 4245:. Retrieved 4236: 4223: 4211:. Retrieved 4200: 4194: 4183: 4173:September 7, 4171:. Retrieved 4160: 4154: 4143: 4131:. Retrieved 4117: 4105:. Retrieved 4096: 4086: 4053: 4047: 4035: 4023:. Retrieved 3994:. Retrieved 3984: 3978: 3966:. Retrieved 3957: 3948: 3936: 3924: 3914:December 16, 3912:. Retrieved 3903: 3863:. Retrieved 3853: 3841:. Retrieved 3832: 3822: 3810:. Retrieved 3801: 3792: 3780: 3768:. Retrieved 3759: 3733: 3706:November 12, 3704:. Retrieved 3695: 3686: 3674: 3665: 3659: 3647:. Retrieved 3643:the original 3632: 3620:. Retrieved 3616:the original 3605: 3593:. Retrieved 3589:the original 3579: 3567:. Retrieved 3563:the original 3558: 3548: 3541:Burns (2008) 3526:Burns (2008) 3521: 3509: 3497:. Retrieved 3467: 3455:. Retrieved 3451:the original 3446: 3437: 3425: 3413:. Retrieved 3399: 3387: 3360: 3348: 3336: 3324: 3315: 3271: 3262: 3255: 3243:. 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