Postmodernism - Knowledge

57: 1687:, which had been a prize-winning version of Le Corbusier's 'machine for modern living,' was deemed uninhabitable and was torn down. Since then, postmodernism has involved theories that embrace and aim to create diversity. It exalts uncertainty, flexibility and change and rejects utopianism while embracing a utopian way of thinking and acting. Postmodernity of 'resistance' seeks to deconstruct modernism and is a critique of the origins without necessarily returning to them. As a result of postmodernism, planners are much less inclined to lay a firm or steady claim to there being one single 'right way' of engaging in urban planning and are more open to different styles and ideas of 'how to plan'. 79: 1400:" ("there is no outside-text"). This statement is part of a critique of "inside" and "outside" metaphors when referring to the text, and is a corollary to the observation that there is no "inside" of a text as well. This attention to a text's unacknowledged reliance on metaphors and figures embedded within its discourse is characteristic of Derrida's approach. Derrida's method sometimes involves demonstrating that a given philosophical discourse depends on binary oppositions or excluding terms that the discourse itself has declared to be irrelevant or inapplicable. Derrida's philosophy inspired a postmodern movement called 68: 478:"Postmodernism" is "a highly contested term", referring to "a particularly unstable concept", that "names many different kinds of cultural objects and phenomena in many different ways". It is "diffuse, fragmentary, multi-dimensional". Critics have described it as "an exasperating term" and claim that its indefinability is "a truism". Put otherwise, postmodernism is "several things at once". It has no single definition, and the term does not name any single unified phenomenon, but rather many diverse phenomena: "postmodernisms rather than one postmodernism". 825: 1117: 1261: 909: 6400: 6498: 6510: 959: 1370:, start from the assumption that people's identities, values, and economic conditions determine each other rather than having intrinsic properties that can be understood in isolation. While structuralism explores how meaning is produced by a set of essential relationships in an overarching quasi-linguistic system, poststructuralism accepts this premise, but rejects the assumption that such systems can ever be fixed or centered. 1156:" (1985) music video, said the group "draw eclectically on a wide range of visual and aural sources to create a distinctive pastiche or hybrid 'house style' which they have used since their formation in the mid-1970s deliberately to stretch received (industrial) definitions of what rock/pop/video/Art/ performance/audience are", calling them "a properly postmodernist band." According to lead vocalist/guitarist/songwriter 6522: 6211: 653: 644:, discussions of the 1970s were dominated by literary criticism, to be supplanted by architectural theory in the 1980s. Some of these conversations made use of French poststructuralist thought, but only after these innovations and critical discourse in the arts did postmodernism emerge as a philosophical term in its own right. 1907:

began by noting the "daunting prospect" of reviewing an exhibition "on what might be considered the most slippery, indefinable 'movement'", and wondered what the curators must have felt: "One reviewer thought it 'a risky curatorial undertaking,' and even the curators themselves admit it could be seen

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In some sense, we may regard postmodernism, posthumanism, poststructuralism, etc., as being of the 'cyborg age' of mind over body. Deconference was an exploration in post-cyborgism (i.e. what comes after the postcorporeal era), and thus explored issues of postpostmodernism, postpoststructuralism, and

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as a productive mechanism, rather than as a merely negative phenomenon. He advocates for a critique of reason that emphasizes sensibility and feeling over rational judgment. Following Nietzsche, Deleuze argues that philosophical critique is an encounter between thought and what forces it into action,

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criticized the vagueness of the term, enumerating a long list of otherwise unrelated concepts that people have designated as postmodernism, from "the décor of a room" or "a 'scratch' video", to fear of nuclear armageddon and the "implosion of meaning", and stated that anything that could signify all

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story about everything that is. Against totalizing metanarratives, Lyotard and other postmodern philosophers argue that truth is always dependent upon historical and social context rather than being absolute and universal—and that truth is always partial and "at issue" rather than being complete and

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Habermas's critique of postmodernism set the stage for much of the subsequent debate by clarifying some of its key underlying issues. Additionally, according to scholar Gary Aylesworth, "that he is able to read postmodernist texts closely and discursively testifies to their intelligibility", against

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Both his political orientation and the consistency of his positions continue to be debated among critics and defenders alike. Nevertheless, Foucault's political works share two common elements: a historical perspective and a discursive methodology. He analyzed social phenomena in historical contexts

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approach to language and knowledge was untenable and misguided. He was also critical of what he claimed to expose as the artificial binary oppositions (e.g., subject/object, speech/writing) that he claims are at the heart of Western culture and philosophy. It is during this period that postmodernism

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and focused on how they have evolved over time. Additionally, he employed the study of texts, usually academic texts, as the material for his inquiries. In this way, Foucault sought to understand how the historical formation of discourses has shaped contemporary political thinking and institutions.

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quoting D'Arcy Westworth Thompson states: "To those who question the possibility of defining the interrelations between entities whose nature is not completely understood, I shall reply with the following comment by a great naturalist: In a very large part of morphology, our essential task lies in

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and that this requires training, discipline, inventiveness, and even a certain "cruelty". He believes that thought cannot activate itself, but needs external forces to awaken and move it. Art, science, and philosophy can provide such activation through their transformative and experimental nature.

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French philosopher and social theorist Michel Foucault argued that power operates according to the logics of social institutions that have become unmoored from the intentions of any actual individuals. Individuals, according to Foucault, are both products and participants in these dynamics. In the

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If there is a common denominator to all these postmodernisms, it is that of a crisis in representation: a deeply felt loss of faith in our ability to represent the real, in the widest sense. No matter whether they are aesthestic , epistemological, moral, or political in nature, the representations

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He noted "the almost casual assurance" of its definition of postmodernism, and the "easy assumption throughout that it is possible to draw analogies about the 'innovative features' of fundamentally different media, such as music and fiction." From his 2004 perspective, he says, "If I were writing

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Early mention of postmodernism as an element of graphic design appeared in the British magazine, "Design". A characteristic of postmodern graphic design is that "retro, techno, punk, grunge, beach, parody, and pastiche were all conspicuous trends. Each had its own sites and venues, detractors and

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tradition, to expose modern social institutions and forms of knowledge as historically contingent forces of domination. He aims detotalize or decenter historical narratives to display modern consciousness as it is constituted by specific discourses and institutions that shape individuals into the

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Although these early uses anticipate some of the concerns of the debate in the second part of the 20th century, there is little direct continuity in the discussion. Just when the new discussion begins, however, is also a matter of dispute. Various authors place its beginnings in the 1950s, 1960s,

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Lyotard rejects. While he was particularly concerned with the way that this insight undermines claims of scientific objectivity, Lyotard's argument undermines the entire principle of transcendent legitimization. Instead, proponents of a language game must make the case for their legitimacy with

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Habermas criticizes these thinkers for their rejection of the subject and their embrace of experimental, avant-garde strategies. He asserts that their critiques of modernism ultimately lead to a longing for the very subject they seek to dismantle. Habermas also takes issue with postmodernists'

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In the 1990s, postmodernism became increasingly identified with critical and philosophical discourse directly about postmodernity or the postmodern idiom itself. No longer centered on any particular art or even the arts in general, it instead turns to address the more general problems posed to

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reference to such considerations as efficiency or practicality. Far from celebrating the apparently relativistic consequences of this argument, however, Lyotard focused much of his subsequent work on how links among games could be established, particularly with respect to ethics and politics.

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of the Los Angeles School combined Marxist and postmodern perspectives and focused on the economic and social changes (globalization, specialization, industrialization/deindustrialization, neo-liberalism, mass migration) that lead to the creation of large city-regions with their patchwork of

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in London, was billed as "the first in-depth survey of art, design and architecture of the 1970s and 1980s". The exhibition was organized in three "broadly chronological" sections. The first focused mainly on architecture, "the discipline in which the ideas of postmodernism first emerged",

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such an essay today I would omit 'postmodernism' entirely because I no longer believe that I (or anyone else for that matter) can articulate with any degree of coherence or specificity what 'postmodernism' is, or was, what it's supposed to mean, or, indeed, whether it ever existed at all."

1544:, Baudrillard argues that production has shifted from creating real objects to producing signs and symbols. This system of symbolic exchange, detached from the real, constitutes hyperreality. In the words of one commentartor, "the hyperreal is a system of simulation that simulates itself." 1535:

refers to a state where experiences are mediated by technology, resulting in a network of images and signs without a corresponding external reality. Baudrillard describes hyperreality as the terminal stage of simulation, where signs and images become entirely self-referential. Drawing upon

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details the shift from modernism to postmodernism, arguing that the former is characterized by an epistemological dominant and that postmodern works have developed out of modernism and are primarily concerned with questions of ontology. McHale's "What Was Postmodernism?" (2007) follows

1595:, free from authoritarian assertions about truth and goodness, is the key to a better future. Rorty saw his neopragmatism as a continuation of the Enlightenment project, aiming to demystify human life and replace traditional power relations with those based on tolerance and freedom. 1352:, one of the best ways to describe a specifically philosophical conception of postmodernism is as an anti-foundational "scepticism about authority, received wisdom, cultural and political norms and so on", which he says places it within a tradition dating back to ancient Greece. 813:. In this influential work, Lyotard offers the following definition: "Simplifying to the extreme, I define postmodern as incredulity towards metanarratives ". In a society with no unifying narrative, he argues, we are left with heterogeneous, group-specific narratives (or " 481:

Although postmodernisms are generally united in their effort to transcend the perceived limits of modernism, "modernism" also means different things to different critics in various arts. Further, there are outliers on even this basic stance; for instance, literary critic

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among architects, characterized by a design that rejects structural "centers" and encourages decentralized play among its elements. Derrida discontinued his involvement with the movement after the publication of his collaborative project with architect Peter Eisenman in

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Criticism of postmodernist movements in the arts include objections to departure from beauty, the reliance on language for the art to have meaning, a lack of coherence or comprehensibility, deviation from clear structure, and consistent use of dark and negative themes.

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and its rejection of what he upheld as traditional values. The ideals of modernity, per his diagnosis, were degraded to the level of consumer choice. This research project, however, was not taken up in a significant way by others until the mid-1980s when the work of

637:. Even here, however, there continued to be disagreement about such basic issues as whether postmodernism is a break with modernism, a renewal and intensification of modernism, or even, both at once, a rejection and a radicalization of its historical predecessor. 1171:

has written that avant-garde musical compositions (which some would consider modernist rather than postmodernist) "defy more than seduce the listener, and they extend by potentially unsettling means the very idea of what music is." In the 1960s, composers such as

1802:), and Alan Kirby (digimodernism, formerly called pseudo-modernism). None of these new theories or labels have so far gained very widespread acceptance. Sociocultural anthropologist Nina Müller-Schwarze offers neostructuralism as a possible direction. 867:

Baudrillard himself broke with Marxism, but continued to theorize the postmodern as the condition in which the domain of reality has become so heavily mediated by signs as to become inaccessible in itself, leaving us entirely in the domain of the

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as the "personification of the postmodern" because "the postmodern condition is characterized by fragmentation, de-differentiation, pastiche, retrospection and anti-foundationalism", which they argued Madonna embodied. Christian writer

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The term began to acquire its current range of meanings in literary criticism and architectural theory during the 1950s–1960s. In opposition to modernism's alleged self-seriousness, postmodernism is characterized by its playful use of

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used as a transitional example. Noting that "definitions of postmodernism are notoriously messy, frequently paradoxical and multi-faceted", five themes and characteristics of postmodernism consistently found in marketing literature –

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the comparison of related forms rather than in the precise definition of each; and the deformation of a complicated figure may be a phenomenon easy of comprehension, though the figure itself has to be left unanalyzed and undefined."

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Since the late 1990s, there has been a growing sentiment in popular culture and in academia that postmodernism "has gone out of fashion". Others argue that postmodernism is dead in the context of current cultural production.

743:, celebrates a plurality of forms and encourages participation and active engagement with the local context of the built environment. He presents this as in opposition to the "authoritarian style" of International Modernism. 423:. They have in common the conviction that it is no longer possible to rely upon previous ways of representing reality. Still, there is disagreement among experts about its more precise meaning even within narrow contexts. 728:'s critique of metaphysics posed deep theoretical problems not necessarily a cause for aesthetic celebration. Their further influence on the conversation about postmodernism, however, would be largely mediated by French 1002:: "Double Coding: the combination of Modern techniques with something else (usually traditional building) in order for architecture to communicate with the public and a concerned minority, usually other architects." 6010: 706:, for instance, denounced postmodern literature for being content to merely reflect, rather than actively attempt to refashion, what he saw as the "increasingly shapeless" character of contemporary society. 1039:. In the 1980s and 1990s dance began to incorporate other typically postmodern features such as the mixing of genres, challenging high–low cultural distinctions, and incorporating a political dimension. 791:, in particular, not only made the connection to feminism explicit, but went so far as to claim feminism for postmodernism wholesale, a broad claim resisted by even many sympathetic feminists such as 1457:

that postmodern thinkers are caught in a performative contradiction, more specifically, that their critiques of modernism rely on concepts and methods that are themselves products of modern reason.

56: 895:. In this sense, the term also starts to appear as a "casual term of abuse" in non-academic contexts. Others identify it as an aesthetic "lifestyle" of eclecticism and playful self-irony. 589:

In 1942, the literary critic and author H. R. Hays describes postmodernism as a new literary form. Also in the arts, the term was first used in 1949 to describe a dissatisfaction with the

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A small group of critics has put forth a range of theories that aim to describe culture or society in the alleged aftermath of postmodernism, most notably Raoul Eshelman (performatism),

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reacted to the perceived elitism and dissonant sound of atonal academic modernism by producing music with simple textures and relatively consonant harmonies, whilst others, most notably

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those who would dismiss them as simple nonsense. His engagement with their ideas has lead some postmodern philosophers, such as Lyotard, to similarly engage with Habermas's criticisms.

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and Adam Furman argue that postmodernism brought a more joyous and sensual experience to the culture, particularly in architecture. For instance, in response to the modernist slogan of

1882:. The final section examined "the hyper-inflated commodity culture of the 1980s", focusing on money as "a source of endless fascination for artists, designers and authors", including 1694:'s Urban Planning Department in the 1980s, where contemporary Los Angeles was taken to be the postmodern city par excellence, contra posed to what had been the dominant ideas of the 713:'s large-scale survey of works that he said could no longer be called modern. Taking the Black Mountain poets an exemplary instance of the new postmodern type, Hassan celebrates its 1584:, Rorty challenged the notion of a mind-independent, language-independent reality. He argued that language is a tool used to adapt to the environment and achieve desired ends. This 575:, which marks the first use of the term to describe an historical period following modernity. The essay criticizes lingering socio-cultural norms, attitudes, and practices of the 1702:, with its framework of urban ecology and emphasis on functional areas of use within a city, and the concentric circles to understand the sorting of different population groups. 3073: 739:, in particular, connects the artistic avant-garde to social change in a way that captures attention outside of academia. Jenckes, much influenced by the American architect 998:

Jencks makes the point that postmodernism (like modernism) varies for each field of art, and that for architecture it is not just a reaction to modernism but what he terms

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In "White Noise/White Heat, or Why the Postmodern Turn in Rock Music Led to Nothing but Road" (2004), literary critic and professor of English and comparative literature

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was a sustained critique of urban planning as it had developed within modernism and marked a transition from modernity to postmodernity in thinking about urban planning.

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priest and cultural commentator J. M. Thompson, in a 1914 article, uses the term to describe changes in attitudes and beliefs in the critique of religion, writing, "the

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Although postmodern criticism and thought drew on philosophical ideas from early on, "postmodernism" was only introduced to the expressly philosophical lexicon by

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Postmodernism has influenced society at large, in such diverse fields as law, education, media, urban planning, science, religious studies, politics and others.

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Instead, Rorty advocated for a focus on imaginative alternatives to present beliefs rather than the pursuit of well-grounded truths. He believed that creative,

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described her as "perhaps the most postmodern personage on the planet". She was also suggested by literary critic Olivier Sécardin to epitomise postmodernism.

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theory, postmodern thought defined itself by the rejection of any single, foundational historical narrative. This called into question the legitimacy of the

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The postmodern approach to understanding the city were pioneered in the 1980s by what could be called the "Los Angeles School of Urbanism" centered on the

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The term "postmodern" was first used in 1870 by the artist John Watkins Chapman, who described "a Postmodern style of painting" as a departure from French

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as "New York art-punks" whose "blend of nervy postmodernism and undeniable groove made them one of the defining rock bands of the late 1970s and ’80s."

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Around this time, postmodernism also begins to be conceived in popular culture as a general "philosophical disposition" associated with a loose sort of

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Discussion about the postmodern in the second part of the 20th century was most articulate in areas with a large body of critical discourse around the

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made the term popular in literary studies as a description of the new art emerging in the 1960s. According to scholar David Herwitz, writers such as

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design solutions. Modernism eroded urban living by its failure to recognise differences and aim towards homogeneous landscapes (Simonsen 1990, 57).

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leveling of the distinction between philosophy and literature. He argues that such rhetorical strategies undermine the importance of argument and

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Vanhoozer, Kevin J. (2003). "Theology and the Condition of Postmodernity: A Report on Knowledge (of God)". In Vanhoozer, Kevin J. (ed.).

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the like. To understand this transition from 'pomo' (cyborgism) to 'popo' (postcyborgism) we must first understand the cyborg era itself.

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If literature was at the center of the discussion in the 1970s, architecture is at the center in the 1980s. The architectural theorist

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The term first appeared in print in 1870, but it only began to enter circulation with its current range of meanings in the 1950s—60s.

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conceives postmodernism, not in period terms, but in terms of a certain kind of literary imagination so that pre-modern texts such as

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approach led him to abandon the traditional quest for a privileged mental power that allows direct access to things-in-themselves.

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society in general by a new proliferation of cultures and forms. It is during this period that it also comes to be associated with

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first introduced the term "postmodern" in its current sense during the 1950s. Their stance against modernist poetry – and Olson's

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Jean-François Lyotard is credited with being the first to use the term "postmodern" in a philosophical context, in his 1979 work

403: 255: 1088:. Postmodern literature often calls attention to issues regarding its own complicated connection to reality. The French critic 4543: 864:" in the form of an enormous cultural expansion into an economy of spectacle and style, rather than the production of goods. 5163: 4881: 4613: 4514: 4403: 4042: 3817: 3724: 3654: 3374: 3155: 3048: 2108: 1691: 98: 2966: 5272: 1325:. Although few themselves relied upon the term, they became known to many as postmodern theorists. Notable figures include 1092:

declared the novel to be an exhaustive form and explored what it means to continue to write novels under such a condition.

1970:'conversations' in which nobody is wrong and nothing can be confirmed, only asserted with whatever style you can muster." 3249: 1580: 435:, among other features. Critics claim it supplants moral, political, and aesthetic ideals with mere style and spectacle. 419:

is a term used to refer to a variety of artistic, cultural, and philosophical movements that claim to mark a break from

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Author on postmodernism, Dominic Strinati, has noted, it is also important "to include in this category the so-called '

1164:: "Anything could be mixed and matched – or mashed up, as is said today – and anything was fair game for inspiration.” 594: 287: 215: 3322: 1031:

located in New York City during the 1960s and 1970s. Arguably its most important principle is taken from the composer

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Scholarship regarding postmodernism and architecture is closely linked with the writings of critic-turned-architect

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in a 1939 essay, which states that "Our own Post-Modern Age has been inaugurated by the general war of 1914–1918".

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The transition from modernism to postmodernism is often said to have happened at 3:32 pm on 15 July in 1972, when

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The term "postmodernity" was first used in an academic historical context as a general concept for a movement by

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This article is about the artistic, cultural, and theoretical movement. For the condition or state of being, see

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titled "After Postmodernism" that "declarations of postmodernism's demise have become a critical commonplace".

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In the 1970s, postmodern criticism increasingly came to incorporate poststructuralist theory, particularly the

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According to Lyotard, this introduces a general crisis of legitimacy, a theme he adopts from the philosopher

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orientation – were influential in the identification of postmodernism as a polemical position opposed to the

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Nevertheless, the appearance of linguistic relativism inspired an extensive rebuttal by the Marxist critic

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playfulness and cheerfully anarchic spirit, which he sets off against the high seriousness of modernism.

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Carlton Bookcase, with a complex structure in many colours and a stylized human figure at the top, by

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In the 1990s, "postmodernism" came to denote a general – and, in general, celebratory – response to

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also said that "Madonna is perhaps the most visible example of what is called post-modernism", and

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Modernism sought to design and plan cities that followed the logic of the new model of industrial

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Deconstruction is a practice of philosophy, literary criticism, and textual analysis developed by

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seeks to identify the transition from postmodernism to post-postmodernism, to the benefit of

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Criticisms of postmodernism are intellectually diverse. Since postmodernism criticizes both

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Connor, Steven (2013). "postmodernism". In Michael Payne and Jessica Rae Barbera (ed.).

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The Blood of Victoriano Lorenzo: An Ethnography of the Cholos of Northern Coclé Province

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comes to be particularly equated with a kind of anti-representational self-reflexivity.

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Discourses of Postmodernism. Multilingual bibliography by Janusz Przychodzen (PDF file)

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by being thorough in its criticism by extending it to religion as well as theology, to

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that "less is more", the postmodernist Robert Venturi rejoined that "less is a bore".

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In the 1970s, this changed again, largely under the influence of the literary critic

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challenged the prevailing narratives of beauty and objectivity common to Modernism.

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Hebdige, Dick (2006). "Postmodernism and "the other side"". In Storey, John (ed.).

4322: 4291: 4244: 4105:"Toward a Concept of Post-Postmodernism or Lady Gaga's Reconfigurations of Madonna" 3885: 3491: 3303: 2036: 1592: 1401: 1338: 1322: 1128: 1105: 1071: 1036: 1022: 857: 784: 725: 623: 447: 250: 220: 3889: 3558:

The New Constellation: The Ethical-Political Horizons of Modernity / Postmodernity

3496: 3477: 860:, Jameson develops his own conception of the postmodern as "the cultural logic of 694:, who used it to describe a waning commitment among youth to the political ideals 6372: 6258: 6011:

A Philosophical Enquiry into the Origin of Our Ideas of the Sublime and Beautiful

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The term "postmodern dance" is most strongly associated with the dancers of the

824: 630:, building upon art and literary criticism, reintroduced the term to sociology. 462:

account of progress and rationality. Critics allege that its premises lead to a

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Modernity, postmodernism and the tradition of dissent, by Lloyd Spencer (1998)

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in France developed a critique of modern philosophy with roots discernible in

852:. Building upon the theoretical foundations laid out by the Marxist economist 6548: 6439: 6180: 5970: 5829: 5752: 5694: 5609: 5589: 5449: 4463: 3897: 3827: 3505: 1902: 1855: 1776: 1753: 1747: 1563:, Rorty later rejected its representationalism. His major influences include 1556: 1552: 1541: 1511: 1451:, a prominent critic of philosophical postmodernism, argues in his 1985 work 1367: 1342: 1228: 1216: 1197: 1146: 1142: 668: 641: 532: 322: 150: 94: 31: 5371: 5237: 4850: 2931: 6332: 5784: 5649: 5529: 5509: 5361: 5169: 5155: 5125: 5039: 4679: 4048: 3716: 3211: 3183: 3164: 2978: 2787: 1958: 1954:, critics of postmodernism often defend such concepts from various angles. 1931: 1923: 1859: 1843: 1835: 1643: 1622: 1532: 1201: 1193: 1149: 1100: 853: 792: 690:

During the 1960s, this affirmative use gave way to a pejorative use by the

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Sim, Stuart (2011). "Postmodernism and Philosophy". In Sim, Stuart (ed.).

4327: 4310: 4295: 2125:"Philippe Starck, a pair of 'Louis Ghost' armchairs, Kartell. - Bukowskis" 2052: – term for art that reacts against standardisation and commercialism 1116: 5953: 5906: 5762: 5714: 5674: 5624: 5416: 4913: 4898:

Irving, Allan (1993). "The Modern/Postmodern Divide and Urban Planning".

4833: 4544:"Camille Paglia: "Postmodernism is a plague upon the mind and the heart"" 4517:. Ipod.org.uk. 5 May 1990. Archived from the original on 31 January 2015. 3601: 3066:"Remembering Robert Venturi, the US architect who said: 'Less is a bore'" 2058: 2049: 1883: 1851: 1839: 1799: 1703: 1663: 1244: 1240: 1234:

In the late-20th century, avant-garde academics labelled American singer

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criticized its impact on the humanities, characterizing it as producing

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Goodchild, Barry (1990). "Planning and the Modern/Postmodern Debate".

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Mann, Steve; Fung, James; Federman, Mark; Baccanico, Gianluca (2002).

3834: 821:) with no universal perspective from which to adjudicate among them. 545:

as "one of the few 'post' modern painters whose style is convincing".

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All this notwithstanding, scholar Hans Bertens offers the following:

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This is also the beginning of the affiliation of postmodernism with

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In the 1980s, some critics begin to take an interest in the work of

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Herwitz, Daniel (2008). "Postmodernism". In Kelly, Michael (ed.).

1341:, and others. By the 1980s, this spread to America in the work of 5948: 5896: 5854: 5839: 5809: 5056:

Simonsen, Kirsten (1990). "Planning on 'Postmodern' Conditions".

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My Los Angeles: From Urban Restructuring to Regional Urbanization

2237: 1388:. Derrida's work has been seen as rooted in a statement found in 1235: 1136: 1121: 995:, first published in 1977, and since running to seven editions. 492: 114: 4951: 2329: 2327: 5881: 5859: 5789: 5767: 4598:

Banes, Sally (2008). "Postmodernism". In Kelly, Michael (ed.).

1947: 1890: 613:

provided a general account of the postmodern as an effectively

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reexamined his essay, "White Noise", published in the journal

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The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Winter 2020 Edition)

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The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Winter 2018 Edition)

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has led to a challenge to postmodernism, for which the terms

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was an American philosopher known for his linguistic form of

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and observations in the early work of the French sociologist

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of Post-Modernism is to escape from the double-mindedness of

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Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy's entry on postmodernism

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The Postmodern Turn, Essays in Postmodern Theory and Culture

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that we used to rely on can no longer be taken for granted.

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On deconstruction: theory and criticism after structuralism

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of those things was "a buzzword". The analytic philosopher

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UCLA Graduate School of Education and Information Studies

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After Postmodernism: An Introduction to Critical Realism

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The connection between postmodernism, posthumanism, and

1518:) is something like a unified, complete, universal, and 4230:"Decon (Decon Squared): Deconstructing Decontamination" 3413:. Association For Consumer Research. pp. 119–201. 2799: 2603: 2601: 2599: 2413: 2375: 2200: 2198: 2196: 2194: 2169: 2167: 2165: 647: 4552:

Postmodernism is a plague upon the mind and the heart.

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Canavan, Brendan; McCamley, Claire (1 February 2020).

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The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction

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Pages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback

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feeling as well as to Catholic tradition". In 1926,

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Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University 4341: 4109:Reconstruction: Studies in Contemporary Culture 3869: 3805:The Postmodern Condition: A Report on Knowledge 3794: 3792: 3141: 3110:No more rules: graphic design and postmodernism 2333: 1807:Postmodernism: Style and Subversion 1970 –1990, 1502:Lyotard defined philosophical postmodernism in 1488:The Postmodern Condition: A Report on Knowledge 1418:1970s, Foucault employed a Nietzsche-inspired " 810:The Postmodern Condition: A Report on Knowledge 617:response to modernism's alleged assault on the 5135:The Cambridge Companion to Postmodern Theology 3392:An Introduction to Theories of Popular Culture 1642:, the reversal of production and consumption, 6242: 5266: 5242: 5137:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 22–25. 4479:Cultural Theory and Popular Culture: A reader 4022: 4020: 3475: 3469: 3323:"How Virgil Abloh Defined Postmodern Fashion" 3292:"Performance and the Postmodern in Pop Music" 1162:Postmodernism: Style and Subversion 1970-1990 535:. Similarly, the first citation given by the 397: 5991:The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons 4746:A Dictionary of Cultural and Critical Theory 3789: 3592: 2026: – Religion influenced by postmodernism 1395: 828:Philosopher Jean-Francois Lyotard, photo by 27:Artistic, cultural, and theoretical movement 4629: 4103:Fjellestad, Danuta; Engberg, Maria (2013). 4087: 3927:The death and life of great American cities 3521: 3434: 3432: 2745: 2709: 2658: 1998: – Philosophical and cultural movement 1669:The Death and Life of Great American Cities 1472: 1160:, commenting for a 2011 museum exhibition, 1005:In their book, "Revisiting Postmodernism", 609:In the mid-1970s, the American sociologist 6249: 6235: 5273: 5259: 5144:"Postmodernity as a Philosophical Concept" 5142:Welsch, Wolfgang; Sandbothe, Mike (1997). 5021:The Postmodern Imagination of Russell Kirk 4849:Hatuka, Tali; d'Hooghe, Alexander (2007). 4632:Postmodern Theory: Critical Interrogations 4593:. Milwaukie: Morehouse Publishing Company. 4567: 4017: 3840: 3783: 3771: 3754: 2817: 2793: 2243: 1992: – Epistemology without sure premises 604: 404: 390: 121:but reinterpreted for the present day, by 5132: 4762: 4541: 4326: 4185: 4162:"Postmodernism is dead. What comes next?" 4088:Potter, Garry; Lopez, Jose, eds. (2001). 3999: 3910: 3555: 3495: 3402: 2267: 970:, PA by alumnus of the Academy architect 5094: 5055: 5049:The Routledge Companion to Postmodernism 5017: 4727:The Cambridge Companion to Postmodernism 4705: 4470: 4445: 4277: 4011: 3438: 3429: 3389: 3289: 3022:The Language of Post-Modern Architecture 2994:The language of post-modern architecture 2619: 2481: 2419: 2173: 1454:The Philosophical Discourse of Modernity 1282:Relevant discussion may be found on the 1115: 993:The Language of Post-Modern Architecture 957: 926:Relevant discussion may be found on the 823: 651: 571:and also an Episcopal priest, published 5113: 4969: 4928: 4865: 4791: 4706:Buchanan, Ian (2018). "postmodernism". 4686: 4638: 4630:Best, Steven; Kellner, Douglas (1991). 4574:The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy 4507: 4476: 4159: 4137:"The Death of Postmodernism and Beyond" 4092:. London: The Athlone Press. p. 4. 3798: 3710: 3669: 3628: 3170: 3063: 3034: 2937: 2889: 2877: 2865: 2853: 2841: 2829: 2805: 2781: 2769: 2757: 2733: 2721: 2694: 2682: 2670: 2646: 2634: 2590: 2561: 2549: 2534: 2493: 2433:Merriam Webster's Collegiate Dictionary 2369: 2357: 2318: 2306: 2294: 2255: 2231: 2216: 2185: 1430:Gilles Deleuze on productive difference 14: 6547: 4993:. Amsterdam; Atlanta, Georgia: Rodopi. 4988: 4897: 4832: 4743: 4724: 4658:Birzer, Bradley J. (9 November 2015). 4657: 4542:de Castro, Eliana (12 December 2015). 4007: 3987: 3963: 3951: 3922: 3640: 3363:Postmodern music, postmodern listening 3360: 3320: 3224: 3182: 3106: 3016: 2991: 2967:"The Rise of Post Modern Architecture" 2961: 2949: 2925: 2913: 2901: 2607: 2578: 2469: 2445: 2381: 2345: 2279: 2204: 518: 6230: 5254: 5241: 4641:The Idea of the Postmodern: A History 4597: 4568:Aylesworth, Gary (5 February 2015) . 4134: 4061: 3408: 3094: 2219:, Historical and Conceptual Overview. 1737: 1707:population groups and economic uses. 1625:(post-postmodern) are compared, with 6585:Philosophical schools and traditions 6521: 4952:"Michel Foucault: Political Thought" 4588: 4227: 4026: 3247: 3076:from the original on 16 October 2022 2457: 2098: 1355: 1254: 902: 724:'s attack on Western philosophy and 648:In literary and architectural theory 526: 5046: 4999:"postmodern (adjective & noun)" 4956:Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy 4819:Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy 4661:Russell Kirk: American Conservative 3675:"The Exorbitant Question of Method" 3580: 3064:Schudel, Matt (28 September 2018). 2971:Architectural Association Quarterly 2395:"postmodern (adjective & noun)" 1581:Philosophy and the Mirror of Nature 1491:. In it, he follows Wittgenstein's 1309:In the 1970s, a disparate group of 1272: with: individual treatment of 798: 776:docile subjects of social systems. 442:. Proponents align themselves with 24: 4812: 3857: 3417:from the original on 19 April 2017 3225:McHale, Brian (20 December 2007). 1413:Michel Foucault on power relations 898: 747:The influence of poststructuralism 25: 6611: 5178: 4949: 4777:10.3828/tpr.61.2.q5863289k1353533 4639:Bertens, Johannes Willem (1995). 4027:Soja, Edward W. (14 March 2014). 3742: 1649: 1443:The criticisms of Jürgen Habermas 1373: 1141:Music critic Andy Cush described 1042: 876:or truthful theoretical claims. 371:Social construction of technology 6520: 6508: 6497: 6496: 6398: 6257:Sub-fields of and approaches to 6209: 4535: 4489: 4439: 4396: 4354: 4335: 4302: 4271: 4221: 4186:McCaffery, Larry (24 May 2004). 4179: 4153: 4128: 4096: 4081: 4055: 3993: 3916: 3441:"Madonna: Icon of Postmodernity" 3248:Cush, Andy (21 September 2023). 1646:– were employed for comparison. 1538:some of the technical vocabulary 1527:Jean Baudrillard on hyperreality 1259: 1250: 907: 720:(Yet, from another perspective, 591:modernist architectural movement 77: 66: 55: 4970:Lyotard, Jean-François (1984). 4901:University of Toronto Quarterly 4708:A Dictionary of Critical Theory 4560: 4062:Shiel, Mark (30 October 2017). 3863: 3715:. Translated by Brown, Andrew. 3704: 3663: 3634: 3586: 3549: 3383: 3354: 3314: 3290:Mitchell, Tony (October 1989). 3283: 3241: 3218: 3176: 3135: 3100: 3057: 3028: 3010: 2985: 2955: 2613: 2499: 2425: 2387: 2073: 953: 656:The poet Robert Creeley in 1972 5280: 4729:. Cambridge University Press. 4591:Postmodernism and Other Essays 4589:Bell, Bernard Iddings (1926). 4342:Müller Schwarze, Nina (2015). 4035:University of California Press 3688:Johns Hopkins University Press 3556:Bernstein, Richard J. (1992). 3450:. pp. 1–8. Archived from 3321:Jensen, Emily (27 July 2022). 2820:, §2 The Postmodern Condition. 2117: 2092: 1062:In 1971, the American scholar 962:Interior of the Chapel at the 660:According to Hans Bertens and 573:Postmodernism and Other Essays 473: 36:Postmodernism (disambiguation) 13: 1: 4991:Postmodernism: A Bibliography 4933:. In Zalta, Edward N. (ed.). 4796:. In Zalta, Edward N. (ed.). 4689:A Glossary of Cultural Theory 4572:. In Zalta, Edward N. (ed.). 4346:. Jefferson, North Carolina: 4284:Explorations in Media Ecology 3890:10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.12.005 3810:University of Minnesota Press 3497:10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.12.005 3150:. Pearson. pp. 305–306. 1911: 1598: 1548:Richard Rorty's neopragmatism 1051: 541:is dated to 1916, describing 366:Social construction of gender 360:Social construction of nature 6121:Aestheticization of politics 5204:Resources in other libraries 5114:Toynbee, Arnold J. (1961) . 5051:(3 ed.). pp. 3–14. 5026:University of Missouri Press 5018:Russello, Gerald J. (2007). 4725:Connor, Steven, ed. (2004). 4666:University Press of Kentucky 3931:. New York: Modern Library. 3877:Journal of Business Research 3757:, §4. Productive Difference. 3483:Journal of Business Research 2940:, §6. Concluding Assessment. 2622:The Origins of Postmodernity 2086: 1858:, and artifacts employed by 1814:introducing architects like 1781:Twentieth-Century Literature 1614:Journal of Business Research 1606: 7: 6452:Non-representational theory 5148:International Postmodernism 4876:. Oxford University Press. 4815:"Richard Rorty (1931—2007)" 4710:. Oxford University Press. 4608:. Oxford University Press. 4278:Campbell, Heidi A. (2006). 3173:, History of Postmodernism. 3024:. London: Academy Editions. 2334:Welsch & Sandbothe 1997 1977: 1766:were first coined in 2003: 1698:formed in the 1920s at the 1120:American singer-songwriter 10: 6616: 5072:10.1177/000169939003300104 4874:Encyclopedia of Aesthetics 4606:Encyclopedia of Aesthetics 4431:: CS1 maint: url-status ( 4388:: CS1 maint: url-status ( 4367:Victoria and Albert Museum 4315:Surveillance & Society 4249:10.1162/002409403322258691 4213:: CS1 maint: url-status ( 4004:Hatuka & d'Hooghe 2007 3976:Hatuka & d'Hooghe 2007 3390:Strinati, Dominic (1995). 3346:: CS1 maint: url-status ( 3275:: CS1 maint: url-status ( 2079:English translation, 1984. 1918:Criticism of postmodernism 1915: 1901:. A review in the journal 1811:Victoria and Albert Museum 1741: 1478: 1397:Il n'y a pas de hors-texte 1377: 1359: 1302: 1133:Postmodern classical music 1126: 1055: 1020: 976: 946: 29: 6492: 6407: 6396: 6265: 6189: 6113: 5962: 5735: 5442: 5354: 5288: 5248: 5243:Links to related articles 5199:Resources in your library 5124:. p. 43 – via 5003:Oxford English Dictionary 4929:Kellner, Douglas (2020). 4748:. John Wiley & Sons. 4527:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 3641:Culler, Jonathan (2008). 3361:Kramer, Jonathan (2016). 3227:"What Was Postmodernism?" 2399:Oxford English Dictionary 1710: 1559:. Initially attracted to 1366:Poststructuralists, like 842:communicative rationality 683:values championed by the 538:Oxford English Dictionary 125:, 2009, various locations 99:Museum of Decorative Arts 48: 6565:Criticism of rationalism 5095:Thompson, J. M. (1914). 4989:Madsen, Deborah (1995). 4974:. U of Minnesota Press. 4765:The Town Planning Review 4691:(2nd ed.). Arnold. 4160:Gibbons, Alison (2017). 3711:Peeters, Benoît (2013). 3690:. pp. 158–59, 163. 3600:(I ed.). New York: 3229:. Electronic Book Review 3037:Revisiting Postmodernism 2992:Jencks, Charles (1977). 2796:, Introduction & §2. 2620:Anderson, Perry (1998). 2066: 1575:, and Martin Heidegger. 1504:The Postmodern Condition 1474:The Postmodern Condition 1111: 1016: 1011:Ludwig Mies van der Rohe 6141:Evolutionary aesthetics 6091:The Aesthetic Dimension 5224:Postmodernism and truth 5122:Oxford University Press 4794:"Jean François Lyotard" 4792:Gratton, Peter (2018). 4687:Brooker, Peter (2003). 4446:Atkinson, Paul (2012). 3598:Structural Anthropology 3439:McGregor, Jock (2008). 3409:Brown, Stephen (2003). 3039:. Newcastle upon Tyne: 3035:Farrell, Terry (2017). 2746:Best & Kellner 1991 2710:Best & Kellner 1991 2659:Best & Kellner 1991 2624:. Verso. pp. 6–12. 2103:. Phaidon. p. 79. 1908:as 'a fool's errand.'" 1510:where what he means by 991:, however, is the book 979:Postmodern architecture 605:Theoretical development 256:International relations 6590:Theories of aesthetics 6580:Science fiction themes 6071:Avant-Garde and Kitsch 6021:Lectures on Aesthetics 5156:10.1075/chlel.xi.07wel 4193:Electronic Book Review 3560:. Polity. p. 11. 3148:Graphic Design History 2977:(4): 3–14 – via 2099:Hall, William (2019). 1826:, also designers like 1773: 1683:designed by architect 1396: 1219:, and performers like 1124: 974: 833: 702:. The literary critic 657: 516: 350:Social constructionism 34:. For other uses, see 6216:Philosophy portal 4842:Ohio University Press 4328:10.24908/ss.v1i3.3346 4296:10.1386/eme.5.4.279_1 3923:Jacobs, Jane (1993). 3189:Postmodernist Fiction 3115:Yale University Press 3107:Poynor, Rick (2003). 2996:. New York: Rizzoli. 2868:, pp. xxiii–xxv. 1768: 1764:postpoststructuralism 1700:University of Chicago 1540:of the psychoanalyst 1520:epistemically certain 1481:Jean-François Lyotard 1348:According to scholar 1335:Jean-François Lyotard 1305:Postmodern philosophy 1119: 1097:Postmodernist Fiction 1084:and the late work of 1058:Postmodern literature 961: 827: 805:Jean-François Lyotard 795:and Linda Nicholson. 655: 640:According to scholar 619:Protestant work ethic 569:St. Stephen's College 511: 506:count as postmodern. 354:social constructivism 6161:Philosophy of design 6041:In Praise of Shadows 6031:The Critic as Artist 4914:10.3138/utq.62.4.474 4643:. Psychology Press. 4228:Mann, Steve (2003). 4135:Kirby, Alan (2006). 4119:on 23 February 2013. 4010:, pp. 474–487; 4002:, pp. 119–137; 3713:Derrida: A Biography 3594:Lévi-Strauss, Claude 2507:"postmodernism (n.)" 2003:Culture and politics 1990:Anti-foundationalism 1726:American Book Review 1632:anti-foundationalism 1611:A 2020 paper in the 1463:communicative reason 1029:Judson Dance Theater 666:Black Mountain poets 565:Bernard Iddings Bell 6479:Sexuality and space 6171:Philosophy of music 6146:Mathematical beauty 5102:The Hibbert Journal 4115:(4). Archived from 3913:, pp. 119–137. 3843:, §6. Hyperreality. 3719:. pp. 377–78. 3526:(2 November 2001). 3367:Bloomsbury Academic 2856:, pp. 119–121. 2024:Postmodern religion 1561:analytic philosophy 1420:genealogical method 1315:Friedrich Nietzsche 819:Ludwig Wittgenstein 817:", as adopted from 722:Friedrich Nietzsche 595:International Style 519:Historical overview 45: 6462:Post-structuralism 6166:Philosophy of film 6156:Patterns in nature 6126:Applied aesthetics 6101:Why Beauty Matters 5887:Life imitating art 5748:Art for art's sake 5117:A study of History 4931:"Jean Baudrillard" 4006:, pp. 20–27; 3673:(8 January 1998). 3457:on 7 December 2010 3194:Abingdon-on-Thames 3142:Drucker, Johanna; 2928:, pp. 568–69. 2784:, pp. 190–96. 2748:, pp. 39, 47. 1930:values as well as 1759:Post-postmodernism 1738:Post-postmodernism 1636:de-differentiation 1569:Hans Georg Gadamer 1531:In postmodernism, 1311:poststructuralists 1276:. You can help by 1125: 975: 840:, whose theory of 834: 830:Bracha L. Ettinger 658: 635:modernist movement 601:1970s, and 1980s. 440:cultural pluralism 328:Post-postmodernism 180:Post-structuralism 103:Neue Staatsgalerie 43: 6542: 6541: 6536: 6535: 6474:Scientific method 6224: 6223: 6176:Psychology of art 6051:Art as Experience 5185:Library resources 5165:978-90-272-3443-8 4883:978-0-19-511307-5 4615:978-0-19-511307-5 4503:on 5 August 2018. 4483:Pearson Education 4044:978-0-520-95763-3 3978:, pp. 20–27. 3819:978-0-944624-06-7 3726:978-0-7456-5615-1 3656:978-0-415-46151-1 3376:978-1-5013-0602-0 3157:978-0-13-241075-5 3113:. New Haven, CT: 3050:978-1-85946-632-2 2844:, pp. 65–66. 2760:, pp. 8, 70. 2736:, pp. 7, 79. 2685:, pp. 59–60. 2661:, pp. 22–23. 2384:, pp. 12ff.. 2110:978-0-7148-7925-3 2009:Defamiliarization 1936:objective reality 1934:concepts such as 1868:Grandmaster Flash 1832:Vivienne Westwood 1796:Nicolas Bourriaud 1788:Gilles Lipovetsky 1497:speech act theory 1362:Poststructuralism 1356:Poststructuralism 1319:Søren Kierkegaard 1301: 1300: 1152:, examining the " 964:Episcopal Academy 945: 944: 886:identity politics 787:. The art critic 730:poststructuralism 584:Arnold J. Toynbee 527:Early appearances 414: 413: 288:Political science 130: 129: 16:(Redirected from 6607: 6560:1880s neologisms 6524: 6523: 6512: 6500: 6499: 6402: 6251: 6244: 6237: 6228: 6227: 6214: 6213: 6212: 6106: 6096: 6086: 6076: 6066: 6056: 6046: 6036: 6026: 6016: 6006: 5996: 5986: 5976: 5275: 5268: 5261: 5252: 5251: 5239: 5238: 5173: 5138: 5129: 5110: 5097:"Post-Modernism" 5091: 5059:Acta Sociologica 5052: 5043: 5014: 5012: 5010: 4994: 4985: 4966: 4964: 4962: 4946: 4944: 4942: 4925: 4894: 4892: 4890: 4862: 4845: 4829: 4827: 4825: 4813:Grippe, Edward. 4809: 4807: 4805: 4788: 4759: 4740: 4721: 4702: 4683: 4654: 4635: 4626: 4624: 4622: 4601:Postmodern Dance 4594: 4585: 4583: 4581: 4555: 4554: 4539: 4533: 4532: 4526: 4518: 4511: 4505: 4504: 4499:. Archived from 4493: 4487: 4486: 4474: 4468: 4467: 4443: 4437: 4436: 4430: 4422: 4420: 4418: 4408: 4400: 4394: 4393: 4387: 4379: 4377: 4375: 4358: 4352: 4351: 4339: 4333: 4332: 4330: 4306: 4300: 4299: 4275: 4269: 4268: 4234: 4225: 4219: 4218: 4212: 4204: 4202: 4200: 4183: 4177: 4176: 4174: 4172: 4157: 4151: 4150: 4132: 4126: 4120: 4100: 4094: 4093: 4085: 4079: 4078: 4076: 4074: 4059: 4053: 4052: 4024: 4015: 4014:, pp. 51–62 3997: 3991: 3985: 3979: 3973: 3967: 3961: 3955: 3949: 3943: 3942: 3930: 3920: 3914: 3908: 3902: 3901: 3867: 3861: 3855: 3844: 3838: 3832: 3831: 3796: 3787: 3781: 3775: 3769: 3758: 3752: 3746: 3740: 3731: 3730: 3708: 3702: 3701: 3679: 3671:Derrida, Jacques 3667: 3661: 3660: 3638: 3632: 3626: 3620: 3619: 3590: 3584: 3578: 3572: 3571: 3553: 3547: 3546: 3544: 3542: 3524:Kellner, Douglas 3519: 3510: 3509: 3499: 3473: 3467: 3466: 3464: 3462: 3456: 3445: 3436: 3427: 3426: 3424: 3422: 3406: 3400: 3399: 3387: 3381: 3380: 3358: 3352: 3351: 3345: 3337: 3335: 3333: 3318: 3312: 3311: 3287: 3281: 3280: 3274: 3266: 3264: 3262: 3245: 3239: 3238: 3236: 3234: 3222: 3216: 3215: 3180: 3174: 3168: 3162: 3161: 3139: 3133: 3132: 3104: 3098: 3092: 3086: 3085: 3083: 3081: 3061: 3055: 3054: 3032: 3026: 3025: 3014: 3008: 3007: 2989: 2983: 2982: 2959: 2953: 2947: 2941: 2935: 2929: 2923: 2917: 2911: 2905: 2899: 2893: 2887: 2881: 2875: 2869: 2863: 2857: 2851: 2845: 2839: 2833: 2827: 2821: 2815: 2809: 2803: 2797: 2791: 2785: 2779: 2773: 2767: 2761: 2755: 2749: 2743: 2737: 2731: 2725: 2719: 2713: 2707: 2698: 2692: 2686: 2680: 2674: 2668: 2662: 2656: 2650: 2644: 2638: 2632: 2626: 2625: 2617: 2611: 2605: 2594: 2588: 2582: 2576: 2565: 2559: 2553: 2547: 2538: 2532: 2523: 2522: 2520: 2518: 2503: 2497: 2491: 2485: 2479: 2473: 2467: 2461: 2455: 2449: 2443: 2437: 2436: 2429: 2423: 2417: 2411: 2410: 2408: 2406: 2391: 2385: 2379: 2373: 2367: 2361: 2355: 2349: 2348:, pp. 12ff. 2343: 2337: 2331: 2322: 2316: 2310: 2304: 2298: 2292: 2283: 2277: 2271: 2265: 2259: 2253: 2247: 2241: 2235: 2229: 2220: 2214: 2208: 2202: 2189: 2183: 2177: 2171: 2140: 2139: 2137: 2135: 2121: 2115: 2114: 2096: 2080: 2077: 2055: 2037:Second modernity 1969: 1593:secular humanism 1509: 1447:The philosopher 1402:deconstructivism 1399: 1339:Jean Baudrillard 1323:Martin Heidegger 1296: 1293: 1287: 1263: 1255: 1129:Postmodern music 1106:Raymond Federman 1072:Donald Barthelme 1037:Merce Cunningham 1023:Postmodern dance 940: 937: 931: 911: 903: 858:Jean Baudrillard 799:In social theory 785:multiculturalism 726:Martin Heidegger 624:Jean Baudrillard 454:. Building upon 448:multiculturalism 406: 399: 392: 361: 132: 131: 81: 70: 59: 46: 42: 21: 6615: 6614: 6610: 6609: 6608: 6606: 6605: 6604: 6600:Cultural trends 6545: 6544: 6543: 6538: 6537: 6532: 6488: 6403: 6394: 6261: 6259:human geography 6255: 6225: 6220: 6210: 6208: 6185: 6109: 6104: 6094: 6084: 6081:Critical Essays 6074: 6064: 6054: 6044: 6034: 6024: 6014: 6004: 5994: 5984: 5974: 5958: 5731: 5645:Ortega y Gasset 5438: 5350: 5284: 5279: 5244: 5226:by philosopher 5210: 5209: 5208: 5193: 5192: 5188: 5181: 5176: 5166: 5120:. Vol. 5. 5036: 5008: 5006: 4997: 4982: 4960: 4958: 4940: 4938: 4888: 4886: 4884: 4844:. p. 12ff. 4823: 4821: 4803: 4801: 4756: 4737: 4718: 4699: 4676: 4651: 4620: 4618: 4616: 4579: 4577: 4570:"Postmodernism" 4563: 4558: 4540: 4536: 4520: 4519: 4513: 4512: 4508: 4495: 4494: 4490: 4475: 4471: 4444: 4440: 4424: 4423: 4416: 4414: 4406: 4402: 4401: 4397: 4381: 4380: 4373: 4371: 4360: 4359: 4355: 4348:McFarland Press 4340: 4336: 4307: 4303: 4276: 4272: 4232: 4226: 4222: 4206: 4205: 4198: 4196: 4184: 4180: 4170: 4168: 4158: 4154: 4133: 4129: 4101: 4097: 4086: 4082: 4072: 4070: 4060: 4056: 4045: 4025: 4018: 3998: 3994: 3986: 3982: 3974: 3970: 3962: 3958: 3950: 3946: 3939: 3921: 3917: 3909: 3905: 3868: 3864: 3860:, lead section. 3856: 3847: 3841:Aylesworth 2015 3839: 3835: 3820: 3808:. Minneapolis: 3797: 3790: 3784:Aylesworth 2015 3782: 3778: 3772:Aylesworth 2015 3770: 3761: 3755:Aylesworth 2015 3753: 3749: 3745:, lead section. 3741: 3734: 3727: 3709: 3705: 3698: 3683:Of Grammatology 3677: 3668: 3664: 3657: 3639: 3635: 3627: 3623: 3612: 3604:. p. 324. 3591: 3587: 3579: 3575: 3568: 3554: 3550: 3540: 3538: 3520: 3513: 3474: 3470: 3460: 3458: 3454: 3443: 3437: 3430: 3420: 3418: 3407: 3403: 3388: 3384: 3377: 3359: 3355: 3339: 3338: 3331: 3329: 3319: 3315: 3308:10.2307/3208181 3296:Theatre Journal 3288: 3284: 3268: 3267: 3260: 3258: 3246: 3242: 3232: 3230: 3223: 3219: 3208: 3181: 3177: 3169: 3165: 3158: 3144:McVarish, Emily 3140: 3136: 3129: 3105: 3101: 3093: 3089: 3079: 3077: 3062: 3058: 3051: 3041:RIBA Publishing 3033: 3029: 3018:Jencks, Charles 3015: 3011: 3004: 2990: 2986: 2963:Jencks, Charles 2960: 2956: 2948: 2944: 2936: 2932: 2924: 2920: 2916:, pp. 3–4. 2912: 2908: 2900: 2896: 2888: 2884: 2876: 2872: 2864: 2860: 2852: 2848: 2840: 2836: 2828: 2824: 2818:Aylesworth 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1685:Minoru Yamasaki 1656:mass production 1652: 1609: 1601: 1550: 1529: 1507: 1483: 1477: 1449:Jürgen Habermas 1445: 1432: 1415: 1391:Of Grammatology 1386:Jacques Derrida 1382: 1376: 1364: 1358: 1331:Michel Foucault 1327:Jacques Derrida 1307: 1297: 1291: 1288: 1281: 1274:Fredric Jameson 1270:needs expansion 1264: 1253: 1221:Laurie Anderson 1169:Jonathan Kramer 1154:Road to Nowhere 1139: 1127:Main articles: 1114: 1060: 1054: 1045: 1025: 1019: 981: 956: 951: 941: 935: 932: 925: 918:needs expansion 912: 901: 899:In various arts 882:postcolonialism 874:science fiction 862:late capitalism 850:Fredric Jameson 838:Jürgen Habermas 801: 769:Michel Foucault 761:foundationalist 757:Jacques Derrida 749: 650: 628:Fredric Jameson 607: 567:, president of 529: 521: 476: 452:postcolonialism 410: 378:Linguistic turn 359: 126: 123:Philippe Starck 119:Louis XVI style 91:Ettore Sottsass 87: 86: 85: 84: 83: 82: 73: 72: 71: 62: 61: 60: 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 6613: 6603: 6602: 6597: 6592: 6587: 6582: 6577: 6572: 6570:Metanarratives 6567: 6562: 6557: 6540: 6539: 6534: 6533: 6531: 6530: 6518: 6506: 6493: 6490: 6489: 6487: 6486: 6481: 6476: 6471: 6470: 6469: 6467:Deconstruction 6464: 6454: 6449: 6448: 6447: 6442: 6432: 6427: 6422: 6420:Culture theory 6417: 6411: 6409: 6405: 6404: 6397: 6395: 6393: 6392: 6387: 6382: 6377: 6376: 6375: 6370: 6365: 6355: 6350: 6345: 6340: 6335: 6330: 6325: 6320: 6315: 6310: 6305: 6300: 6295: 6290: 6285: 6280: 6275: 6269: 6267: 6263: 6262: 6254: 6253: 6246: 6239: 6231: 6222: 6221: 6219: 6218: 6206: 6201: 6196: 6190: 6187: 6186: 6184: 6183: 6178: 6173: 6168: 6163: 6158: 6153: 6151:Neuroesthetics 6148: 6143: 6138: 6133: 6131:Arts criticism 6128: 6123: 6117: 6115: 6111: 6110: 6108: 6107: 6097: 6087: 6077: 6067: 6057: 6047: 6037: 6027: 6017: 6007: 6001:On the Sublime 5997: 5987: 5977: 5966: 5964: 5960: 5959: 5957: 5956: 5951: 5946: 5941: 5936: 5931: 5926: 5921: 5914: 5909: 5904: 5899: 5894: 5889: 5884: 5879: 5872: 5867: 5865:Interpretation 5862: 5857: 5852: 5847: 5842: 5837: 5832: 5827: 5822: 5817: 5812: 5807: 5802: 5797: 5792: 5787: 5782: 5781: 5780: 5775: 5765: 5760: 5758:Artistic merit 5755: 5750: 5745: 5739: 5737: 5733: 5732: 5730: 5729: 5722: 5717: 5712: 5707: 5702: 5697: 5692: 5687: 5682: 5677: 5672: 5667: 5662: 5657: 5652: 5647: 5642: 5637: 5632: 5627: 5622: 5617: 5612: 5607: 5602: 5597: 5592: 5587: 5582: 5577: 5572: 5567: 5562: 5557: 5552: 5547: 5542: 5537: 5532: 5527: 5522: 5517: 5512: 5507: 5502: 5497: 5492: 5487: 5482: 5477: 5472: 5467: 5462: 5457: 5452: 5446: 5444: 5440: 5439: 5437: 5436: 5429: 5424: 5419: 5414: 5409: 5407:Psychoanalysis 5404: 5399: 5394: 5389: 5384: 5379: 5374: 5369: 5364: 5358: 5356: 5352: 5351: 5349: 5348: 5343: 5338: 5333: 5328: 5323: 5318: 5313: 5308: 5303: 5298: 5292: 5290: 5286: 5285: 5278: 5277: 5270: 5263: 5255: 5249: 5246: 5245: 5236: 5235: 5230: 5228:Daniel Dennett 5221: 5216: 5207: 5206: 5201: 5195: 5194: 5183: 5182: 5180: 5179:External links 5177: 5175: 5174: 5164: 5139: 5130: 5111: 5092: 5053: 5044: 5034: 5015: 4995: 4986: 4981:978-0816611737 4980: 4967: 4947: 4926: 4908:(4): 474–487. 4895: 4882: 4863: 4846: 4830: 4810: 4789: 4771:(2): 119–137. 4760: 4755:978-1118438817 4754: 4741: 4736:978-0521648400 4735: 4722: 4717:978-0198794790 4716: 4703: 4698:978-0340807002 4697: 4684: 4674: 4655: 4650:978-0415060110 4649: 4636: 4627: 4614: 4595: 4586: 4564: 4562: 4559: 4557: 4556: 4534: 4515:"Art Bollocks" 4506: 4488: 4469: 4438: 4395: 4353: 4334: 4321:(3): 375–398. 4301: 4290:(4): 279–296. 4270: 4243:(4): 285–290. 4220: 4178: 4152: 4142:Philosophy Now 4127: 4095: 4080: 4054: 4043: 4016: 4000:Goodchild 1990 3992: 3990:, p. 460. 3980: 3968: 3966:, p. 480. 3956: 3954:, p. 479. 3944: 3937: 3915: 3911:Goodchild 1990 3903: 3862: 3845: 3833: 3818: 3800:Lyotard, J.-F. 3788: 3776: 3759: 3747: 3732: 3725: 3703: 3696: 3662: 3655: 3633: 3631:, p. 205. 3621: 3610: 3585: 3573: 3567:978-0745609201 3566: 3548: 3522:Best, Steven; 3511: 3468: 3428: 3401: 3398:. p. 234. 3382: 3375: 3353: 3313: 3282: 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Hegel 1565:Charles Darwin 1549: 1546: 1528: 1525: 1493:language games 1479:Main article: 1476: 1471: 1444: 1441: 1437: 1431: 1428: 1414: 1411: 1380:Deconstruction 1378:Main article: 1375: 1374:Deconstruction 1372: 1368:structuralists 1360:Main article: 1357: 1354: 1303:Main article: 1299: 1298: 1292:September 2024 1267: 1265: 1258: 1252: 1249: 1182:Bradley Joseph 1178:Henryk Górecki 1147:Media theorist 1113: 1110: 1090:Roland Barthes 1086:Samuel Beckett 1081:Finnegans Wake 1076:Thomas Pynchon 1056:Main article: 1053: 1050: 1044: 1043:Graphic design 1041: 1021:Main article: 1018: 1015: 985:Charles Jencks 977:Main article: 972:Robert Venturi 968:Newtown Square 955: 952: 949:Postmodern art 943: 942: 936:September 2024 915: 913: 906: 900: 897: 815:language games 800: 797: 753:deconstructive 748: 745: 741:Robert Venturi 737:Charles Jencks 673:Robert Creeley 662:Perry Anderson 649: 646: 606: 603: 528: 525: 520: 517: 484:William Spanos 475: 472: 456:poststructural 412: 411: 409: 408: 401: 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5908: 5905: 5903: 5900: 5898: 5895: 5893: 5890: 5888: 5885: 5883: 5880: 5878: 5877: 5873: 5871: 5868: 5866: 5863: 5861: 5858: 5856: 5853: 5851: 5848: 5846: 5843: 5841: 5838: 5836: 5833: 5831: 5830:Entertainment 5828: 5826: 5823: 5821: 5818: 5816: 5813: 5811: 5808: 5806: 5803: 5801: 5798: 5796: 5793: 5791: 5788: 5786: 5783: 5779: 5776: 5774: 5771: 5770: 5769: 5766: 5764: 5761: 5759: 5756: 5754: 5753:Art manifesto 5751: 5749: 5746: 5744: 5743:Appropriation 5741: 5740: 5738: 5734: 5728: 5727: 5723: 5721: 5718: 5716: 5713: 5711: 5708: 5706: 5703: 5701: 5698: 5696: 5693: 5691: 5688: 5686: 5683: 5681: 5678: 5676: 5673: 5671: 5668: 5666: 5663: 5661: 5658: 5656: 5653: 5651: 5648: 5646: 5643: 5641: 5638: 5636: 5635:Merleau-Ponty 5633: 5631: 5628: 5626: 5623: 5621: 5618: 5616: 5613: 5611: 5608: 5606: 5603: 5601: 5598: 5596: 5593: 5591: 5588: 5586: 5583: 5581: 5578: 5576: 5573: 5571: 5568: 5566: 5563: 5561: 5558: 5556: 5553: 5551: 5548: 5546: 5543: 5541: 5538: 5536: 5533: 5531: 5528: 5526: 5523: 5521: 5518: 5516: 5513: 5511: 5508: 5506: 5503: 5501: 5498: 5496: 5493: 5491: 5488: 5486: 5483: 5481: 5478: 5476: 5473: 5471: 5468: 5466: 5463: 5461: 5458: 5456: 5453: 5451: 5450:Abhinavagupta 5448: 5447: 5445: 5441: 5435: 5434: 5430: 5428: 5425: 5423: 5420: 5418: 5415: 5413: 5410: 5408: 5405: 5403: 5402:Postmodernism 5400: 5398: 5395: 5393: 5390: 5388: 5385: 5383: 5380: 5378: 5375: 5373: 5370: 5368: 5365: 5363: 5360: 5359: 5357: 5353: 5347: 5344: 5342: 5339: 5337: 5334: 5332: 5329: 5327: 5324: 5322: 5319: 5317: 5314: 5312: 5309: 5307: 5304: 5302: 5299: 5297: 5294: 5293: 5291: 5287: 5283: 5276: 5271: 5269: 5264: 5262: 5257: 5256: 5253: 5247: 5240: 5234: 5231: 5229: 5225: 5222: 5220: 5217: 5215: 5212: 5211: 5205: 5202: 5200: 5197: 5196: 5191: 5190:Postmodernism 5186: 5171: 5167: 5161: 5157: 5153: 5149: 5145: 5140: 5136: 5131: 5127: 5123: 5119: 5118: 5112: 5108: 5104: 5103: 5098: 5093: 5089: 5085: 5081: 5077: 5073: 5069: 5065: 5061: 5060: 5054: 5050: 5045: 5041: 5037: 5035:9780826265944 5031: 5027: 5023: 5022: 5016: 5004: 5000: 4996: 4992: 4987: 4983: 4977: 4973: 4968: 4957: 4953: 4950:Kelly, Mark. 4948: 4936: 4932: 4927: 4923: 4919: 4915: 4911: 4907: 4903: 4902: 4896: 4885: 4879: 4875: 4871: 4870: 4864: 4860: 4856: 4852: 4847: 4843: 4839: 4835: 4831: 4820: 4816: 4811: 4799: 4795: 4790: 4786: 4782: 4778: 4774: 4770: 4766: 4761: 4757: 4751: 4747: 4742: 4738: 4732: 4728: 4723: 4719: 4713: 4709: 4704: 4700: 4694: 4690: 4685: 4681: 4677: 4675:9780813166209 4671: 4667: 4663: 4662: 4656: 4652: 4646: 4642: 4637: 4633: 4628: 4617: 4611: 4607: 4603: 4602: 4596: 4592: 4587: 4575: 4571: 4566: 4565: 4553: 4549: 4545: 4538: 4530: 4524: 4516: 4510: 4502: 4498: 4492: 4484: 4480: 4473: 4465: 4461: 4457: 4453: 4452:Design Issues 4449: 4442: 4434: 4428: 4412: 4405: 4399: 4391: 4385: 4369: 4368: 4363: 4357: 4349: 4345: 4338: 4329: 4324: 4320: 4316: 4312: 4305: 4297: 4293: 4289: 4285: 4281: 4274: 4266: 4262: 4258: 4254: 4250: 4246: 4242: 4238: 4231: 4224: 4216: 4210: 4195: 4194: 4189: 4182: 4167: 4163: 4156: 4148: 4144: 4143: 4138: 4131: 4124: 4118: 4114: 4110: 4106: 4099: 4091: 4084: 4069: 4065: 4064:"Edward Soja" 4058: 4050: 4046: 4040: 4036: 4032: 4031: 4023: 4021: 4013: 4012:Simonsen 1990 4009: 4005: 4001: 3996: 3989: 3984: 3977: 3972: 3965: 3960: 3953: 3948: 3940: 3938:0-679-64433-4 3934: 3929: 3928: 3919: 3912: 3907: 3899: 3895: 3891: 3887: 3883: 3879: 3878: 3873: 3866: 3859: 3854: 3852: 3850: 3842: 3837: 3829: 3825: 3821: 3815: 3811: 3807: 3806: 3801: 3795: 3793: 3785: 3780: 3773: 3768: 3766: 3764: 3756: 3751: 3744: 3739: 3737: 3728: 3722: 3718: 3714: 3707: 3699: 3697:0-8018-5830-5 3693: 3689: 3685: 3684: 3676: 3672: 3666: 3658: 3652: 3648: 3644: 3637: 3630: 3625: 3618: 3613: 3611:0-465-09516-X 3607: 3603: 3599: 3595: 3589: 3582: 3577: 3569: 3563: 3559: 3552: 3537: 3533: 3529: 3525: 3518: 3516: 3507: 3503: 3498: 3493: 3489: 3485: 3484: 3479: 3472: 3453: 3449: 3442: 3435: 3433: 3416: 3412: 3405: 3397: 3393: 3386: 3378: 3372: 3368: 3364: 3357: 3349: 3343: 3328: 3324: 3317: 3309: 3305: 3301: 3297: 3293: 3286: 3278: 3272: 3257: 3256: 3251: 3244: 3228: 3221: 3213: 3209: 3203: 3199: 3195: 3191: 3190: 3185: 3179: 3172: 3167: 3159: 3153: 3149: 3145: 3138: 3130: 3128:0-300-10034-5 3124: 3120: 3116: 3112: 3111: 3103: 3096: 3091: 3075: 3071: 3067: 3060: 3052: 3046: 3042: 3038: 3031: 3023: 3019: 3013: 3005: 3003:0-8478-0167-5 2999: 2995: 2988: 2980: 2976: 2972: 2968: 2964: 2958: 2951: 2946: 2939: 2934: 2927: 2922: 2915: 2910: 2903: 2898: 2891: 2886: 2879: 2874: 2867: 2862: 2855: 2850: 2843: 2838: 2831: 2826: 2819: 2814: 2807: 2802: 2795: 2790: 2783: 2778: 2772:, p. 92. 2771: 2766: 2759: 2754: 2747: 2742: 2735: 2730: 2724:, p. 70. 2723: 2718: 2712:, p. 21. 2711: 2706: 2704: 2696: 2691: 2684: 2679: 2673:, p. 55. 2672: 2667: 2660: 2655: 2649:, p. 24. 2648: 2643: 2637:, p. 21. 2636: 2631: 2623: 2616: 2610:, p. 12. 2609: 2604: 2602: 2600: 2592: 2587: 2580: 2575: 2573: 2571: 2564:, p. 30. 2563: 2558: 2551: 2546: 2544: 2537:, p. 19. 2536: 2531: 2529: 2512: 2508: 2502: 2496:, p. 43. 2495: 2490: 2483: 2482:Russello 2007 2478: 2471: 2466: 2459: 2454: 2447: 2442: 2434: 2428: 2421: 2420:Thompson 1914 2416: 2400: 2396: 2390: 2383: 2378: 2371: 2366: 2359: 2354: 2347: 2342: 2336:, p. 76. 2335: 2330: 2328: 2321:, p. 10. 2320: 2315: 2309:, p. 46. 2308: 2303: 2296: 2291: 2289: 2282:, p. 17. 2281: 2276: 2269: 2264: 2257: 2252: 2245: 2240: 2233: 2228: 2226: 2218: 2213: 2206: 2201: 2199: 2197: 2195: 2188:, p. 11. 2187: 2182: 2175: 2174:Buchanan 2018 2170: 2168: 2166: 2164: 2162: 2160: 2158: 2156: 2154: 2152: 2150: 2148: 2146: 2130: 2126: 2120: 2112: 2106: 2102: 2095: 2091: 2076: 2072: 2060: 2057: 2051: 2048: 2047: 2043: 2042: 2038: 2035: 2034: 2030: 2029: 2025: 2022: 2021: 2017: 2016: 2010: 2007: 2006: 2002: 2001: 1997: 1994: 1991: 1988: 1987: 1983: 1982: 1975: 1971: 1965: 1960: 1955: 1953: 1949: 1945: 1941: 1937: 1933: 1929: 1925: 1919: 1909: 1906: 1905: 1904:Design Issues 1900: 1896: 1892: 1889: 1885: 1881: 1880:Michael Clark 1877: 1873: 1869: 1865: 1861: 1857: 1856:Helmut Newton 1853: 1849: 1845: 1841: 1837: 1833: 1829: 1825: 1821: 1820:Charles Moore 1817: 1812: 1808: 1803: 1801: 1797: 1793: 1789: 1784: 1782: 1778: 1777:metamodernism 1772: 1767: 1765: 1761: 1760: 1755: 1749: 1748:Metamodernism 1745: 1735: 1732: 1728: 1727: 1722: 1717: 1708: 1705: 1701: 1697: 1693: 1688: 1686: 1682: 1678: 1673: 1671: 1670: 1665: 1661: 1660:prefabricated 1657: 1647: 1645: 1644:hyper-reality 1641: 1640:fragmentation 1637: 1633: 1628: 1624: 1620: 1616: 1615: 1604: 1596: 1594: 1589: 1587: 1583: 1582: 1576: 1574: 1570: 1566: 1562: 1558: 1557:neopragmatism 1554: 1553:Richard Rorty 1545: 1543: 1542:Jacques Lacan 1539: 1534: 1524: 1521: 1517: 1516:grands récits 1513: 1512:metanarrative 1505: 1500: 1498: 1494: 1490: 1489: 1482: 1475: 1470: 1466: 1464: 1458: 1456: 1455: 1450: 1440: 1435: 1427: 1423: 1421: 1410: 1408: 1403: 1398: 1393: 1392: 1387: 1381: 1371: 1369: 1363: 1353: 1351: 1346: 1344: 1343:Richard Rorty 1340: 1336: 1332: 1328: 1324: 1320: 1316: 1312: 1306: 1295: 1285: 1279: 1275: 1271: 1268:This section 1266: 1262: 1257: 1256: 1251:In philosophy 1248: 1246: 1242: 1237: 1232: 1230: 1229:Pet Shop Boys 1226: 1222: 1218: 1217:Talking Heads 1214: 1209: 1207: 1203: 1199: 1198:Michael Nyman 1195: 1191: 1187: 1183: 1179: 1175: 1170: 1167:The composer 1165: 1163: 1159: 1155: 1151: 1148: 1144: 1143:Talking Heads 1138: 1134: 1130: 1123: 1118: 1109: 1107: 1102: 1098: 1093: 1091: 1087: 1083: 1082: 1077: 1074:(and, later, 1073: 1069: 1065: 1059: 1049: 1040: 1038: 1034: 1030: 1024: 1014: 1012: 1008: 1007:Terry Farrell 1003: 1001: 1000:double coding 996: 994: 990: 986: 980: 973: 969: 965: 960: 950: 939: 929: 923: 919: 916:This section 914: 910: 905: 904: 896: 894: 889: 887: 883: 877: 875: 871: 865: 863: 859: 855: 851: 846: 843: 839: 831: 826: 822: 820: 816: 812: 811: 806: 796: 794: 790: 786: 782: 777: 774: 773:Enlightenment 770: 765: 762: 758: 754: 744: 742: 738: 733: 731: 727: 723: 718: 716: 712: 707: 705: 701: 697: 693: 688: 686: 685:Enlightenment 682: 678: 674: 670: 669:Charles Olson 667: 663: 654: 645: 643: 642:Steven Connor 638: 636: 631: 629: 625: 620: 616: 612: 602: 598: 596: 593:known as the 592: 587: 585: 580: 578: 577:Enlightenment 574: 570: 566: 562: 558: 554: 553:raison d'être 550: 546: 544: 540: 539: 534: 533:Impressionism 524: 515: 510: 507: 505: 504: 499: 495: 494: 489: 485: 479: 471: 469: 465: 461: 460:Enlightenment 457: 453: 449: 445: 441: 436: 434: 430: 424: 422: 418: 417:Postmodernism 407: 402: 400: 395: 393: 388: 387: 385: 384: 379: 376: 372: 369: 367: 364: 362: 357: 356: 355: 351: 347: 346: 345: 344: 340: 339: 334: 331: 329: 326: 324: 323:Metamodernism 321: 319: 316: 315: 314: 313: 309: 308: 303: 299: 296: 294: 291: 289: 286: 284: 281: 277: 274: 272: 269: 267: 264: 263: 262: 259: 257: 254: 252: 249: 246: 245:Picture books 242: 239: 237: 234: 232: 229: 227: 224: 222: 219: 217: 214: 212: 209: 207: 204: 202: 199: 197: 194: 193: 192: 191: 187: 186: 181: 178: 176: 173: 171: 168: 166: 163: 161: 158: 157: 156: 155: 152: 151:Postmodernity 149: 148: 145: 141: 140: 137: 136:Postmodernism 134: 133: 124: 120: 116: 112: 108: 104: 100: 96: 95:Memphis Group 92: 80: 69: 58: 47: 44:Postmodernism 41: 37: 33: 32:Postmodernity 19: 6525: 6513: 6501: 6456: 6273:Agricultural 6099: 6089: 6079: 6049: 6039: 6019: 6009: 5999: 5989: 5979: 5969: 5916: 5892:Magnificence 5874: 5724: 5690:Schopenhauer 5525:Coomaraswamy 5443:Philosophers 5431: 5401: 5362:Aestheticism 5189: 5170:Google Books 5168:– via 5147: 5134: 5126:Google Books 5116: 5106: 5100: 5066:(1): 51–62. 5063: 5057: 5048: 5040:Google Books 5038:– via 5020: 5007:. Retrieved 5002: 4990: 4971: 4961:14 September 4959:. Retrieved 4955: 4939:. Retrieved 4934: 4905: 4899: 4887:. Retrieved 4873: 4868: 4858: 4854: 4837: 4834:Hassan, Ihab 4824:14 September 4822:. Retrieved 4818: 4802:. Retrieved 4797: 4768: 4764: 4745: 4726: 4707: 4688: 4680:Google Books 4678:– via 4660: 4640: 4634:. Macmillan. 4631: 4619:. Retrieved 4605: 4600: 4590: 4578:. Retrieved 4573: 4561:Bibliography 4551: 4547: 4537: 4509: 4501:the original 4491: 4478: 4472: 4455: 4451: 4441: 4417:25 September 4415:. Retrieved 4410: 4398: 4374:25 September 4372:. Retrieved 4365: 4356: 4343: 4337: 4318: 4314: 4304: 4287: 4283: 4273: 4240: 4236: 4223: 4199:26 September 4197:. Retrieved 4191: 4181: 4169:. Retrieved 4165: 4155: 4146: 4140: 4130: 4117:the original 4112: 4108: 4098: 4089: 4083: 4071:. Retrieved 4067: 4057: 4049:Google Books 4047:– via 4029: 3995: 3983: 3971: 3959: 3947: 3926: 3918: 3906: 3881: 3875: 3865: 3836: 3804: 3779: 3750: 3717:Polity Press 3712: 3706: 3681: 3665: 3642: 3636: 3629:Brooker 2003 3624: 3615: 3597: 3588: 3583:, p. 3. 3576: 3557: 3551: 3539:. Retrieved 3531: 3487: 3481: 3471: 3459:. Retrieved 3452:the original 3419:. Retrieved 3404: 3391: 3385: 3365:. New York: 3362: 3356: 3332:25 September 3330:. Retrieved 3326: 3316: 3299: 3295: 3285: 3261:25 September 3259:. Retrieved 3253: 3243: 3231:. Retrieved 3220: 3212:Google Books 3210:– via 3188: 3178: 3171:Herwitz 2008 3166: 3147: 3137: 3109: 3102: 3090: 3078:. Retrieved 3069: 3059: 3036: 3030: 3021: 3012: 2993: 2987: 2979:Google Books 2974: 2970: 2957: 2952:, p. 4. 2945: 2938:Kellner 2020 2933: 2921: 2909: 2904:, p. 3. 2897: 2890:Bertens 1995 2885: 2880:, §§3.2–3.4. 2878:Gratton 2018 2873: 2866:Lyotard 1984 2861: 2854:Bertens 1995 2849: 2842:Lyotard 1984 2837: 2830:Bertens 1995 2825: 2813: 2806:Lyotard 1984 2801: 2789: 2782:Bertens 1995 2777: 2770:Bertens 1995 2765: 2758:Bertens 1995 2753: 2741: 2734:Bertens 1995 2729: 2722:Bertens 1995 2717: 2697:, p. 5. 2695:Bertens 1995 2690: 2683:Bertens 1995 2678: 2671:Bertens 1995 2666: 2654: 2647:Bertens 1995 2642: 2635:Bertens 1995 2630: 2621: 2615: 2591:Bertens 1995 2586: 2581:, p. 5. 2562:Bertens 1995 2557: 2550:Brooker 2003 2535:Bertens 1995 2515:. Retrieved 2510: 2501: 2494:Toynbee 1961 2489: 2477: 2465: 2453: 2441: 2432: 2427: 2415: 2403:. Retrieved 2398: 2389: 2377: 2372:, p. 4. 2370:Bertens 1995 2365: 2358:Brooker 2003 2353: 2341: 2319:Bertens 1995 2314: 2307:Bertens 1995 2302: 2295:Bertens 1995 2275: 2270:, p. 3. 2263: 2256:Brooker 2003 2251: 2239: 2234:, p. 3. 2232:Bertens 1995 2217:Herwitz 2008 2212: 2186:Bertens 1995 2181: 2132:. Retrieved 2128: 2119: 2100: 2094: 2075: 1972: 1959:Dick Hebdige 1956: 1932:universalist 1924:conservative 1921: 1903: 1860:Annie Lennox 1844:Leigh Bowery 1836:Rei Kawakubo 1806: 1804: 1785: 1780: 1774: 1769: 1763: 1757: 1751: 1730: 1724: 1718: 1714: 1689: 1674: 1667: 1666:' 1961 book 1653: 1623:Taylor Swift 1613: 1610: 1602: 1590: 1586:naturalistic 1579: 1577: 1551: 1533:hyperreality 1530: 1515: 1514:(in French, 1503: 1501: 1486: 1484: 1473: 1467: 1459: 1452: 1446: 1433: 1424: 1416: 1406: 1389: 1383: 1365: 1347: 1345:and others. 1308: 1289: 1278:adding to it 1269: 1233: 1210: 1202:Lou Harrison 1194:Philip Glass 1166: 1161: 1150:Dick Hebdige 1140: 1101:Brian McHale 1096: 1094: 1079: 1061: 1048:advocates." 1046: 1026: 1004: 999: 997: 992: 988: 982: 954:Architecture 933: 922:adding to it 917: 890: 878: 866: 854:Ernst Mandel 847: 835: 808: 807:in his 1979 802: 793:Nancy Fraser 778: 766: 750: 734: 719: 708: 689: 677:Heideggerian 659: 639: 632: 608: 599: 588: 581: 572: 552: 547: 536: 530: 522: 512: 508: 501: 491: 480: 477: 437: 425: 416: 415: 206:Architecture 196:Anthropology 175:Posthumanism 170:Hyperreality 142:Preceded by 135: 40: 6293:Development 5985:(c. 335 BC) 5975:(c. 390 BC) 5954:Work of art 5907:Picturesque 5763:Avant-garde 5720:Winckelmann 5595:Kierkegaard 5520:Collingwood 5490:Baudrillard 5417:Romanticism 5387:Historicism 5321:Mathematics 4861:(2): 20–27. 4171:17 February 4008:Irving 1993 3988:Irving 1993 3964:Irving 1993 3952:Irving 1993 3884:: 222–230. 3602:Basic Books 3490:: 222–230. 3080:24 December 3070:Independent 2950:Connor 2004 2926:Connor 2004 2914:Connor 2004 2902:Connor 2004 2608:Connor 2004 2579:Connor 2004 2470:Birzer 2015 2446:Madsen 1995 2382:Hassan 1987 2346:Hassan 1987 2280:Connor 2004 2205:Connor 2013 2059:Remodernism 2050:Altermodern 1884:Andy Warhol 1852:Guy Bourdin 1840:Grace Jones 1800:altermodern 1704:Edward Soja 1677:Pruitt–Igoe 1664:Jane Jacobs 1245:Martin Amis 1241:Graham Cray 1190:Steve Reich 1174:Terry Riley 1158:David Byrne 1064:Ihab Hassan 989:magnum opus 789:Craig Owens 715:Nietzschean 711:Ihab Hassan 704:Irving Howe 681:rationalist 611:Daniel Bell 503:Don Quixote 474:Definitions 333:Remodernism 216:Criminology 201:Archaeology 6549:Categories 6408:Approaches 6358:Settlement 6348:Population 6318:Historical 6278:Behavioral 6266:Sub-fields 5924:Recreation 5902:Perception 5795:Creativity 5495:Baumgarten 5485:Baudelaire 5367:Classicism 5282:Aesthetics 5009:9 February 4481:. London: 4073:1 February 4068:Mediapolis 3645:. London: 3394:. London: 3327:Jing Daily 3302:(3): 284. 3207:1134949162 3184:McHale, B. 3117:. p. 3095:Banes 2008 2517:8 February 2405:9 February 2044:Opposed by 1912:Criticisms 1876:Kazuo Ohno 1848:Klaus Nomi 1816:Aldo Rossi 1599:In society 1495:model and 1436:difference 1350:Stuart Sim 1186:John Adams 1068:John Barth 1052:Literature 947:See also: 893:relativism 870:simulacrum 615:nihilistic 468:relativism 464:nihilistic 283:Psychology 261:Philosophy 241:Literature 236:Television 6575:Modernism 6445:Semiotics 6435:Modernism 6385:Strategic 6368:Transport 6343:Political 6333:Marketing 6303:Emotional 6283:Cognitive 5929:Reverence 5835:Eroticism 5805:Depiction 5778:Masculine 5680:Santayana 5640:Nietzsche 5585:Hutcheson 5575:Heidegger 5560:Greenberg 5515:Coleridge 5480:Balthasar 5465:Aristotle 5427:Theosophy 5422:Symbolism 5397:Modernism 5382:Formalism 5109:(4): 733. 5088:144268594 4922:144261041 4464:0747-9360 4458:(4): 93. 3898:0148-2963 3828:232943026 3647:Routledge 3506:0148-2963 3396:Routledge 3255:Pitchfork 3198:Routledge 2458:Bell 1926 2087:Citations 1928:modernist 1805:In 2011, 1754:cyborgism 1744:Modernism 1681:St. Louis 1627:Lady Gaga 1619:marketing 1607:Marketing 1523:certain. 1284:talk page 1227:' by the 1206:John Cage 1033:John Cage 928:talk page 700:communism 696:socialism 687:project. 557:modernism 549:Episcopal 543:Gus Mager 498:Cervantes 488:Euripides 421:modernism 318:Criticism 310:Reactions 266:Anarchism 144:Modernism 107:Stuttgart 101:, Paris; 6503:Category 6425:Feminist 6415:Critical 6363:Regional 6353:Religion 6338:Military 6328:Language 6323:Internet 6298:Economic 6288:Cultural 6204:Category 6136:Axiology 6005:(c. 500) 5995:(c. 100) 5870:Judgment 5825:Emotions 5820:Elegance 5800:Cuteness 5773:Feminine 5736:Concepts 5705:Tanizaki 5685:Schiller 5670:Richards 5660:Rancière 5630:Maritain 5565:Hanslick 5505:Benjamin 5377:Feminism 5346:Theology 5326:Medieval 5316:Japanese 5311:Internet 4836:(1987). 4785:40112887 4523:cite web 4427:cite web 4384:cite web 4265:57559253 4237:Leonardo 4209:cite web 4149:: 34–37. 3802:(1979). 3596:(1963). 3581:Sim 2011 3461:29 March 3415:Archived 3342:cite web 3271:cite web 3186:(2003). 3146:(2008). 3074:Archived 3020:(1974). 2965:(1975). 2129:smow.com 2018:Religion 1978:See also 1940:morality 1828:Ron Arad 1213:art rock 1099:(1987), 781:feminism 692:New Left 561:Catholic 466:form of 444:feminism 433:pastiche 302:Religion 298:Theology 226:Feminism 115:bossages 97:, 1981, 93:for the 6527:Commons 6430:Marxist 6390:Tourism 6199:Outline 6114:Related 5981:Poetics 5949:Tragedy 5939:Sublime 5912:Quality 5897:Mimesis 5855:Harmony 5840:Fashion 5815:Ecstasy 5810:Disgust 5726:more... 5695:Scruton 5620:Lyotard 5555:Goodman 5535:Deleuze 5470:Aquinas 5460:Alberti 5433:more... 5412:Realism 5392:Marxism 5372:Fascism 5355:Schools 5341:Science 5296:Ancient 5080:4200779 4941:14 June 4257:1577323 3421:1 April 3233:4 April 2435:. 2004. 2134:19 June 2031:History 1809:at the 1729:in 1990 1578:In his 1508: 1236:Madonna 1137:Art pop 1122:Madonna 493:Orestes 341:Related 293:Theatre 271:Marxism 243: ( 6515:Portal 6380:Social 6313:Health 6105:(2009) 6095:(1977) 6085:(1946) 6075:(1939) 6065:(1935) 6055:(1934) 6045:(1933) 6035:(1891) 6025:(1835) 6015:(1757) 5882:Kitsch 5860:Humour 5790:Comedy 5768:Beauty 5710:Vasari 5700:Tagore 5675:Ruskin 5615:Lukács 5605:Langer 5550:Goethe 5475:Balázs 5455:Adorno 5336:Nature 5301:Africa 5187:about 5162: 5086: 5078: 5032: 5005:. 2006 4978: 4920: 4889:7 June 4880: 4855:Places 4804:7 June 4783: 4752: 4733: 4714: 4695: 4672: 4647: 4621:7 June 4612: 4580:12 May 4462: 4413:. 2011 4370:. 2011 4263: 4255: 4123:833886 4041: 3935: 3896: 3858:Grippe 3826: 3816: 3723: 3694: 3653: 3608: 3564: 3541:12 May 3504: 3448:L'Abri 3373: 3204: 3154: 3125: 3047: 3000: 2513:. 2006 2401:. 2006 2107: 1984:Theory 1950:, and 1948:reason 1899:Disney 1891:Swatch 1878:, and 1854:, and 1711:Legacy 1321:, and 1200:, and 1135:, and 832:, 1995 664:, the 450:, and 352:" and 188:Fields 6373:Urban 6194:Index 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