1312:
280:
55:
305:
1044:
1359:
71:
1302:
1243:
403:
1613:
1253:
702:
563:
535:
As John the
Alchemist had no male heirs, he renounced his rights in 1457, whereupon Kulmbach-Bayreuth fell to his brother, Albert Achilles. When the eldest brother, the Brandenburg elector Frederick Irontooth abdicated in 1470, Albert united all Hohenzollern territories under his rule. After Albert's
1269:
327:
147:
1299:
570:
While the
Brandenburg electorate became the power base for the rising Hohenzollern dynasty, the Principality of Kulmbach-Bayreuth was held by Frederick's descendants, temporarily in
1592:
60:
574:
with
Ansbach. The rulers were commonly known as the Margraves of Brandenburg-Bayreuth (though Bayreuth is nowhere near Brandenburg). Kulmbach-Bayreuth became part of the
851:
679:
1648:
70:
1643:
864:
710:
1678:
1668:
820:
582:
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1658:
839:
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1673:
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904:. Translated, Edited, and with an Introduction by Bruce E. Burgoyne from the 1913 Bayreuth edition by W. Baron von Waldenfels. Norman and London:
529:
807:
551:
1291:
858:
833:
675:
637:
883:
814:
995:
543:
446:. Mountainous and densely wooded, most of the lands were of less agricultural use, nevertheless mineral resources, predominantly
54:
1638:
782:
521:
1256:
1557:
776:
525:
504:
The two principalities were once again united under the younger son, Frederick, after John's death on 11 June 1420. At the
791:
641:
494:
363:
1043:
486:
633:
913:
695:
1338:
1513:
1284:
770:
718:
636:. With George Frederick's death in 1603, the elder Bayreuth line became extinct. He left his successor, Margrave
517:
490:
135:
1348:
606:
1633:
801:
547:
1138:
721:, whereby he ceded his principalities to the Prussian state against a lifelong annuity. He married socialite
590:
509:
1168:
988:
905:
1301:
1333:
741:
610:
1663:
1603:
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524:
had waived his right of primogeniture and succeeded his father in
Kulmbach-Bayreuth, while the second,
427:
375:
367:
968:
1208:
516:
of
Brandenburg (as Frederick I). Frederick finally sold his burgravial title to the citizens of the
1617:
1582:
1518:
415:
285:
178:
1228:
666:
1441:
1375:
1246:
1093:
1033:
981:
498:
423:
1528:
1469:
1406:
1343:
691:
671:
1398:
1143:
1083:
682:, both patrons of arts and sciences, had the Bayreuth residence largely rebuilt in a distinct
489:
on 21 January 1398, when his lands were partitioned between his two sons: the elder, Burgrave
1188:
1123:
474:
359:
652:
Margrave
Christian took his residence in Bayreuth; in 1655 he was succeeded by his grandson
1553:
1068:
683:
505:
709:
The younger line of the
Brandenburg-Bayreuth margraves died out in 1769 with the death of
8:
1198:
1153:
1108:
737:
598:
594:
538:
520:. On his death in 1440, his territories were again divided between his sons: the eldest,
193:
1213:
1578:
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1505:
1436:
1385:
757:
749:
745:
726:
614:
355:
347:
298:
241:
76:
1193:
713:, whereafter Bayreuth and Ansbach were once again ruled in personal union by Margrave
536:
death in 1486 the
Franconian principalities were finally partitioned according to his
1653:
1574:
1464:
1431:
1317:
1305:
919:
909:
898:
575:
443:
439:
351:
206:
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1073:
722:
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586:
1570:
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assumed the rule over
Kulmbach-Bayreuth, he barged onto the battlegrounds of the
331:
36:
656:, who gained power and influence on Imperial politics in the military rank of a
374:
title to their
Franconian possessions, though the principality never had been a
1549:
1218:
1028:
1004:
571:
513:
1098:
961:
951:
1627:
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1325:
923:
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1203:
1163:
1103:
618:
470:
111:
1523:
1495:
1223:
1173:
1018:
406:
East Franconian territories around 1400, Burgraviate of Nuremberg in blue
379:
165:
1183:
1178:
1133:
528:, received the Brandenburg electorate. Ansbach passed to the third son
937:
1477:
1446:
1390:
1158:
1118:
1088:
542:
disposition, passing to the younger sons of his second marriage with
402:
75:
Principality of Brandenburg-Bayreuth as at 1791, when it was sold to
760:; it changed owners in 1810 against a payment of 15 million francs.
729:, while Bayreuth and Ansbach were governed by the Prussian minister
694:
finished in 1748. A university was founded in 1742 and relocated to
410:
The Kulmbach-Bayreuth principality arose from the northern uplands (
386:
as their residence, hence their territory was officially called the
1482:
1454:
1063:
753:
485:
The principality arose upon the death of the Hohenzollern burgrave
458:
447:
383:
371:
100:
95:
1367:
717:. On 2 December 1791, Charles Alexander signed a treaty with King
1113:
973:
434:
territories to Bayreuth. However, it was not connected with the
1148:
701:
451:
1058:
1423:
1419:
562:
884:
Germans in the American Revolution § Ansbach-Bayreuth
1459:
632:
as regent for his incapable Hohenzollern relative Duke
426:. The final border demarcation was settled by the 1541
1601:
744:, Prussia had to cede Bayreuth according to the 1807
370:
in 1415/17, the Hohenzollern princes transferred the
30:
FĂĽrstentum Bayreuth/Markgraftum Brandenburg-Kulmbach
897:
617:under his rule ended with his utter defeat and an
613:. His soaring plans to re-establish the medieval
512:vested Frederick with the hereditary title of an
1625:
589:, several times switching sides between Emperor
1649:1792 disestablishments in the Holy Roman Empire
705:Bayreuth and Ansbach (blue) as part of Prussia
1644:1390s establishments in the Holy Roman Empire
1285:
989:
756:offered it for sale to the newly established
450:deposits led to the construction of numerous
624:Albert was succeeded by his cousin Margrave
493:received Kulmbach-Bayreuth and the younger,
28:
16:Immediate territory of the Holy Roman Empire
854:(previously Margrave of Kulmbach from 1708)
1679:States and territories established in 1398
1669:Lists of nobility of the Holy Roman Empire
1292:
1278:
996:
982:
900:A Hessian Diary of the American Revolution
228:• Line extinct; inherited by Ansbach
69:
810:(also Margrave of Ansbach as Friedrich I)
640:, younger son of the Brandenburg elector
1659:Former states and territories of Bavaria
797:(also Margrave of Brandenburg from 1470)
700:
628:in 1557, who from 1577 als ruled in the
561:
401:
394:until the Empire's dissolution in 1806.
1674:Principalities of the Holy Roman Empire
601:against Nuremberg and the neighbouring
1626:
895:
1273:
977:
581:After in 1541 the ambitious Margrave
1252:
938:The Ansbach-Bayreuth Army in America
644:, an orderly and functioning state.
438:core territory stretching up to the
240:• Ansbach and Bayreuth sold to
873:(to 1791; also Margrave of Ansbach)
469:territories were administered from
392:Margraviate of Brandenburg-Kulmbach
340:Margraviate of Brandenburg-Bayreuth
25:Margraviate of Brandenburg-Kulmbach
13:
1003:
889:
14:
1690:
959:
949:
931:
690:), including the erection of the
678:, ruling from 1735, and his wife
634:Albert Frederick, Duke of Prussia
1611:
1357:
1310:
1300:
1251:
1242:
1241:
1042:
962:"House of Hohenzollern (2 of 2)"
952:"House of Hohenzollern (1 of 2)"
593:and the Lutheran princes of the
344:Markgraftum Brandenburg-Bayreuth
303:
278:
53:
725:and retired to private life in
719:Frederick William II of Prussia
647:
418:, while the southern lowlands (
136:John III, Burgrave of Nuremberg
896:Doehla, Johann Conrad (1990).
670:, predecessor to the Prussian
1:
1639:1398 establishments in Europe
557:
906:University of Oklahoma Press
763:
397:
218:• Partitioned in twain
7:
877:
742:War of the Fourth Coalition
10:
1695:
944:German States to 1918, A–E
829:(also Margrave of Ansbach)
777:Frederick I of Brandenburg
731:Karl August von Hardenberg
518:Imperial City of Nuremberg
480:
428:House Treaty of Regensburg
368:Margraviate of Brandenburg
1558:Lower Rhenish–Westphalian
1542:
1504:
1418:
1366:
1355:
1324:
1237:
1051:
1040:
1011:
660:. In 1705 his son Prince
597:. In 1552 he sparked the
364:Frederick VI of Nuremberg
257:
253:
238:
226:
216:
203:
190:
175:
171:
161:
157:
141:
131:• 1398–1420 (first)
129:
125:
117:
107:
91:
83:
68:
50:
45:
23:Principality of Bayreuth/
21:
852:George Frederick Charles
487:Frederick V of Nuremberg
416:Burgraviate of Nuremberg
388:Principality of Kulmbach
362:dynasty. Since Burgrave
323:Principality of Bayreuth
286:Burgraviate of Nuremberg
179:Burgraviate of Nuremberg
177:• Partitioned from
1593:Unencircled territories
566:Plassenburg in Kulmbach
499:Principality of Ansbach
424:Principality of Ansbach
378:. Until 1604 they used
366:was enfeoffed with the
706:
692:Margravial Opera House
672:Order of the Red Eagle
567:
430:, adding some smaller
407:
335:
143:• 1769–91 (last)
29:
1634:Margraves of Bayreuth
1407:Schwarzenberg-Gimborn
946:on WorldStatesmen.org
771:John III of Nuremberg
752:, the French emperor
704:
680:Wilhelmine of Prussia
667:Ordre de la Sincerité
565:
475:Neustadt an der Aisch
457:Beside the residence
405:
192:• Reunited with
1391:Hohenlohe-Waldenburg
1381:Brandenburg-Kulmbach
969:Ansbach and Bayreuth
506:Council of Constance
148:Christian Frederick,
1569:Circles est. 1512:
1544:Circles est. 1500:
1399:Löwenstein-Wertheim
1376:Brandenburg-Ansbach
1308:(1500–1806) of the
1094:Brandenburg-Ansbach
865:Frederick Christian
711:Frederick Christian
599:Second Margrave War
595:Schmalkaldic League
539:Dispositio Achillea
526:Frederick Irontooth
336:FĂĽrstentum Bayreuth
152:Brandenburg-Ansbach
1590:
1586:
758:Kingdom of Bavaria
750:Congress of Erfurt
740:troops during the
707:
615:Duchy of Franconia
568:
522:John the Alchemist
408:
299:Kingdom of Prussia
1664:Franconian Circle
1618:Holy Roman Empire
1599:
1598:
1583:Electoral Rhenish
1492:
1474:
1451:
1411:
1403:
1395:
1318:Holy Roman Empire
1306:Franconian Circle
1267:
1266:
960:Marek, Miroslav.
950:Marek, Miroslav.
871:Charles Alexander
821:Albert Alcibiades
715:Charles Alexander
603:Prince-bishoprics
583:Albert Alcibiades
576:Franconian Circle
508:in 1415, Emperor
444:Fichtel Mountains
440:Franconian Forest
352:Holy Roman Empire
350:territory of the
319:
318:
315:
314:
311:
310:
291:
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207:Franconian Circle
1686:
1616:
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1607:
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1189:Schwäbisch Gmünd
1046:
998:
991:
984:
975:
974:
965:
955:
940:at Exulanten.com
927:
903:
827:George Frederick
746:Treaty of Tilsit
723:Elizabeth Craven
630:Duchy of Prussia
626:George Frederick
587:Schmalkaldic War
550:and his brother
414:) of the former
330:
307:
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32:
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1450:(until 1744/64)
1414:
1362:
1353:
1320:
1311:
1309:
1298:
1268:
1263:
1233:
1194:Schwäbisch Hall
1047:
1038:
1007:
1002:
964:. Genealogy.EU.
956:on Genealogy.eu
954:. Genealogy.EU.
934:
916:
892:
890:Further reading
880:
840:Christian Ernst
766:
698:the next year.
654:Christian Ernst
650:
560:
530:Albert Achilles
497:, received the
483:
461:, the separate
400:
326:
304:
279:
249:2 December 1791
248:
244:
234:20 January 1769
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186:21 January 1398
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1426:
1416:
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1413:
1412:
1404:
1396:
1394:(from 1744/64)
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1383:
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1372:
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1364:
1363:
1356:
1354:
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1351:
1346:
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1326:Ecclesiastical
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1005:Swabian League
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932:External links
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846:George William
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748:. At the 1808
688:Markgrafenstil
662:George William
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572:personal union
559:
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544:Anna of Saxony
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162:Historical era
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1034:Peasants' War
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808:Frederick III
805:
803:
799:
796:
795:
789:
787:
786:
785:the Alchemist
780:
778:
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772:
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658:Field marshal
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422:) formed the
421:
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354:, ruled by a
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1491:(until 1711)
1473:(until 1671)
1460:Reichelsberg
1380:
1257:
1078:
1024:Knights' War
915:0-80612254-4
899:
793:
784:
736:Occupied by
735:
708:
687:
665:
664:founded the
651:
648:Younger line
623:
619:Imperial ban
580:
569:
552:Frederick II
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268:Succeeded by
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112:Principality
87:Principality
61:Coat of arms
1579:Upper Saxon
1524:Schweinfurt
1496:Wiesentheid
1410:(from 1671)
1402:(from 1711)
1229:WĂĽrttemberg
1174:Pfullendorf
1099:DinkelsbĂĽhl
1019:Swabian War
674:. Margrave
642:John George
546:, Margrave
380:Plassenburg
263:Preceded by
166:Middle Ages
150:Margrave of
98:until 1604,
1628:Categories
1575:Burgundian
1562:Franconian
1529:WeiĂźenburg
1519:Rothenburg
1204:Ăśberlingen
1184:Reutlingen
1179:Ravensburg
1169:Palatinate
1164:Nördlingen
1134:Kaufbeuren
1104:Donauwörth
558:Elder line
382:Castle in
372:margravial
356:Franconian
108:Government
1534:Windsheim
1514:Nuremberg
1478:Seinsheim
1447:Hohenlohe
1386:Henneberg
1344:Franconia
1339:Eichstätt
1159:Memmingen
1144:Leutkirch
1119:Heilbronn
1109:Esslingen
1089:Bopfingen
924:722636758
859:Frederick
834:Christian
792:Albert I
764:Margraves
676:Frederick
638:Christian
621:in 1554.
591:Charles V
578:in 1500.
510:Sigismund
467:Unterland
432:Unterland
420:Unterland
398:Geography
348:immediate
346:) was an
328:‹See Tfd›
222:1655–1726
103:from 1604
46:1398–1791
1654:Bayreuth
1571:Austrian
1546:Bavarian
1488:Wertheim
1483:Welzheim
1349:WĂĽrzburg
1247:Category
1084:Biberach
1079:Bayreuth
1064:Augsburg
878:See also
802:Siegmund
794:Achilles
783:John IV
754:Napoleon
696:Erlangen
607:WĂĽrzburg
548:Siegmund
491:John III
463:Oberland
459:Bayreuth
442:and the
436:Oberland
412:Oberland
384:Kulmbach
118:Margrave
101:Bayreuth
96:Kulmbach
1550:Swabian
1465:Rieneck
1455:Limpurg
1432:Castell
1368:Secular
1334:Bamberg
1258:Commons
1224:Wimpfen
1139:Kempten
1114:Giengen
1074:Bavaria
1052:Members
1012:History
815:Casimir
727:England
686:style (
684:Baroque
611:Bamberg
514:Elector
481:History
242:Prussia
199:1420–40
194:Ansbach
92:Capital
77:Prussia
1604:Portal
1506:Cities
1442:Hausen
1437:Erbach
1420:Counts
1315:
1214:Wangen
1149:Lindau
922:
912:
869:1769:
863:1763:
857:1735:
850:1726:
844:1712:
838:1655:
832:1603:
825:1553:
819:1527:
813:1515:
806:1495:
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790:1457:
781:1440:
775:1420:
769:1398:
738:French
332:German
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232:
184:
121:
84:Status
37:German
33:
1424:Lords
1199:Trier
1154:Mainz
1124:Hesse
1069:Baden
1059:Aalen
452:mines
376:march
338:) or
1219:Weil
1129:Isny
920:OCLC
910:ISBN
609:and
473:and
465:and
321:The
212:1500
1209:Ulm
605:of
471:Hof
448:ore
390:or
1630::
1588:·
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1606::
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35:(
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