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1057:, to help him. Sahib Singh Bedi requested to Sada Kaur and Ranjit Singh to lift the siege of the Miani Fort but Sada Kaur held such a deep grudge over the loss of her husband at the hands of the Ramgarhias that she ignored Sahib Singh Bedi's command and continued the siege anyway. Jassa Singh Ramgarhia appealed to Sahib Singh Bedi to ask them once again to lift the siege but Sahib Singh consoled the Ramgarhia chief by telling him God would help him. The night of the day the messenger arrived with this message from Sahib Singh Bedi, the river Beas flooded and swept away the besieging Kanhaiya and Sukerchakia forces. Sada Kaur and Ranjit Singh barely managed to escape and departed to
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563:, with Jassa Singh assisting with the besiegement against his fellow Sikhs. The siege would last for three months resulting in the deaths of two hundred Sikhs. Jassa Singh felt guilty about fighting against his religious kin and the besieged Sikhs, who were in a desperate position at this point, invited Jassa Singh to join their side by sending him a letter. They promised to forgive the former of his past transgressions if he did so but gave him an ultimatum that if he refused, he would be forever
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556:. Adina Beg convinced Jassa to work for him, offering him a position of commanding a regiment consisting of 100 Sikhs and 60 Hindus. Jassa Singh took up the offer, which annoyed the other Sikhs in the diplomatic mission. Jassa Singh worked for Adina Beg in the company of his brothers Jai Singh, Khushal Singh, and Mali Singh. Many Sikhs began to think of Jassa Singh as a traitor for working under Adina Beg.
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his respect but was insulted instead and called a "bhagtia" (meaning "dancing boy") by the
Kanhaiya misldar. To add insult to injury, the Kanhaiya chief also demanded a share of the plunder that the Sukerchakias had obtained from Jammu. This obviously infuriarated Mahan Singh, who realized he needed an ally against the Kanhaiyas and so he looked towards the Ramgarhias and decided to extend a hand.
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against their former overlords but could not best them so they requested the assistance of the
Kanhaiyas by promising to pay for any costs incurred. The joint Kangra-Kanhaiya force was still defeated by the Ramgarhias and their territory was plundered in the aftermath, which led to Jai Singh Kanhaiya developing an even deeper-set grudge against the Ramgarhias.
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and demanded that two conditions for such a meeting: 1) Batala, Kalanaur, Bajwara, and
Sangowal to be restored to the Ramgarhias, and 2) Gurdit Singh Bhangi be granted a jagir. Maharaja Ranjit Singh agreed to both of the requests. The two met at Amritsar in the Golden Temple. Mai Sukhan and Gurdit Singh were given a jagir for their well-being and substinence.
628:" and "Garh" meaning 'fort') by Jassa. Jassa Singh himself, originally known as 'Jassa Singh Ichogillia' (after his native village) or 'Jassa Singh Thoka' (after his caste), began to be called 'Jassa Singh Ramgarhia' after this point. The carpenter caste in-which he came from, the Thokas, also began to collectively refer to themselves as 'Ramgarhias' as well.
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in 1763. During this raid, a large amount of plunder was captured by the misls. Whilst normally the misls would share loot, this time Mali Singh, brother of Jassa Singh
Ramgarhia, decided to conceal especially valuable loot from Jai Singh Kanhaiya. When Jai Singh discovered this betrayal, the friendship between the two misls was shattered.
1049:, and the Ramgarhias. Sada Kaur, assisted by Ranjit Singh (who had succeeded his father Mahan Singh as leader of the Sukerchakia Misl), launched an attack on the Ramgarhias, who were holed out in Miani Fort, located near the Beas River. The situation turned desperate for the Ramgarhias so Jassa Singh Ramgarhia sent a message to
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cannon and bestow it upon him. Jodh Singh secrely supported Mai Sukhan against Ranjit Singh by sending 300 warriors to strengthen her defence against Ranjit. Jodh Singh thought it was best that the
Bhangis give-up their possession of the cannon or destroy it but Mai Sukhan did not go with these ideas
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The
Sukerchakias had a falling-out with the Kanhaiyas because Jai Singh Kanhaiya had made an extremely rude remark to Mahan Singh during the annual Diwali gathering at Amritsar in 1785. Mahan Singh had come to visit Jai Singh Kanhaiya (who had grown jealous of the increasing Sukerchakia power) to pay
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During one of the raids of Delhi, the
Mohalla Mughlan was plundered, areas were set ablaze, and four guns were captured from the Mughal arsenal. The Mughal Emperor, Shah Alam, appealed to the sympathies and morality of Jassa Singh Ramgarhia to not burn down the city. The local people of Delhi managed
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Antagonism between the
Ramgarhias and their subordinate state, Kangra, began when the ruler of Kangra made an egotistical remark which Jassa Singh rebuked, which angered the Pahari ruler. The Kangra raja then decided to end his status as suzerain with the overlording misl. Kangra State went to battle
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Eventually the various Sikh misls began warring with each other once outside threats subsided, such as the
Afghans. The Kanhaiya and Ramgarhia misls, former allies, began a strife. The roots of the newfound animosity between the former allies is traced back to when they launched a joint raid on Kasur
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Ranjit Singh decided to befriend the
Ramgarhias and wrote to Jodh Singh. He wanted Jodh Singh to meet him in Lahore and dispatched Hishan Singh Munshi, Mehar Singh Lamba, and Fateh Singh Kalianwala to bring Jodh Singh to him for a meeting. However, Jodh Singh would not easily agree to such a meeting
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celebrations, a coalition of concerned Sikh chiefs, consisting of Sahib Singh of Gujrat, Gulab Singh Bhangi, Jassa Singh Ramgarhia, and Nizam-ud-Din of Kasur, who all wanted to check rising Sukerchakia power, led a force to Bhasin located east of Lahore to threaten the Sukerchakias. The two imposing
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The Kanhaiyas, due to the antics of Gurbaksh Singh Kanhaiya, managed to capture Dasuha and then attacked Batala in 1780. Batala had been under Ramgarhia control but was locally looked after by Mali Singh, who was despised by the local people due to his cruelty. Thus, it was easy for the Kanhaiyas to
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Shortly after, hostilities between Mir Mannu and the Sikhs arose again and Mir Mannu sent Adina Beg and Sadiq Beg to attack the fort of Ramgarh, where its defenders were defeated and the fort itself was destroyed in the process. Jassa Singh managed to escape the enemy and went into hiding in a place
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of the Sukerchakia Misl. Ranjit Singh had once announced a bond of friendship between him and Jodh Singh in the presence of the Guru Granth Sahib at the Golden Temple in Amritsar. The Sukerchakia chief and later Sikh emperor referred to Jodh Singh as "Babaji" and Jodh Singh was always seated beside
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was the successor and son of Jassa Singh Ramgarhia. Jodh Singh worked together with the Kangra ruler, Sansar Chand, and managed to take control of the parganas of Batala, Bhunga, and Hoshiarpur plus encompassing areas. Jodh Singh's territory began to be intruded upon by Divan Singh, who was the son
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But the Kanhaiyas remained at Kangra Fort, so Jassa Singh Ramgarhia made a scheme with Sansar Chand Katoch to win over the fort and finally ruin the Kanhaiyas totally. However, fate turned against the Ramgarhias as Jai Singh Kanhaiya made a matrimonial alliance with the Sukerchakias, by wedding his
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When the Ahluwalia Misl leader, Jassa Singh Ahluwalia, died in October 1783, the alliances of the various misls experienced a shake-up, with the Kanhaiya and Sukerchakia Misls turning from allies to enemies, and soon Mahan Singh of the Sukerchakia Misl, a former enemy of the Ramgarhias, invited the
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The coalition continued assailing the Ramgarhias. The Kangra ruler, Ghumand Chand, died in the meantime and was succeeded by his issue, Nek Chand. Nek Chand continued associating with the anti-Ramgarhia coalition. The coalition continued their attacks against their enemy for four years. Takings and
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Adina Beg died in September 1758 and Jassa Singh Ramgarhia and Jai Singh Kanhaiya took this as an opportunity to expand their grip by working together, bringing many areas of the Punjab under their writ in the process. Eventually, land in four out of the five doabs of the Punjab were controlled by
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At some point, the Ramgarhias attacked the Ahluwalias and captured their leader, Jassa Singh Ahluwalia. However, they released him shortly after escorted in a palanquin and gave him gifts (including a robe of honour) because he was highly-revered amongst the Sikhs. But Jassa Singh Ahluwalia never
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After the death of Jodh Singh, the Ramgarhia familial successors, Divan Singh (son of Tara Singh), Vir Singh (brother of Jodh Singh), and Jodh Singh's widowed wife, began bickering with each-other over land claimants and eventually Maharaja Ranjit Singh had to intervene. Ranjit Singh further
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and briefly held it in early 1783. On 11 March 1783, Jassa Singh Ahluwalia tried to throne himself as the king of Delhi by seating himself on the Mughal throne and attempted to coronate his position but Jassa Singh Ramgarhia challenged him and requested him to stop, which the former obliged.
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light-artillery (camel-mounted swivel cannons) and other loot from the Sukerchakias. Charat Singh's power had been devastated in his defeat against the Ramgarhias. Thus, the Sukerchakias decided to join the anti-Ramgarhia coalition of misls and states consisting of the Kanhaiyas, Kangra, and
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The Bhangis came into a conflict with the Kanhaiyas over territory. This conflict eventually brought the Ahluwalias and Ramgarhias into the mix. The Ahluwalias sided with the Kanhaiyas whilst the Ramgarhias sided with Ganda Singh of the Bhangi Misl. The Battle of Dinanagar in 1775 pitted the
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He further assisted the emperor of the Sikhs in 1807 when Ranjit Singh led a month-long expedition against Qutb ud-Din of Kasur. For this help, the Maharaja blessed the Ramgarhia ruler with an elephant. Jodh Singh later helped the Maharaja in his expedition against Multan.
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In April 1758, the now-governor Adina Beg launched an attack against the Sikhs led by Mir Aziz Bakhshi. Many of the Sikhs, whom had been hiding out in the jungles, decided to hole up in Ramgarh Fort for their own protection. Amongst these Sikhs were Jassa Singh Ramgarhia,
706:, and other petty Hill States, decided to become tributary states of the Ramgarhia Misl for their own safety and protection, paying a tribute of 200,000 rupees per annum at that time to the Misl. A fortress was constructed at Talwara (near Batala) on the banks of the
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granddaughter (daughter of the deceased Gurbaksh Singh) to Ranjit Singh, son of Mahan Singh. Thus, the Sukerchakias and Kangra State turned from allies to enemies of the Ramgarhias once again. Ramgarhia control over Batala and Kalanaur was lost shortly after.
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At some point, the entire Shivalik Range from the Beas to the Ravi rivers were under the control of the Ramgarhias, including the plains region of the Jalandhar Doab. The capital was then moved from Rambagh fort in Ramsar, Amritsar to Sri Hargobindpur.
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Many jagir grants were granted to Jodh Singh by the Maharaja, including the pargana of Ghuman with an annum income of 25,000 rupees from it and eleven villages from the pargana of Sikhowala or Sheikhupura which gave an annum income of 12,000 rupees.
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community took up a role in the jatha during the time of Nand Singh's tenure as leader, where he quickly became respected as a capable warrior. Jassa Singh joined the jatha after his father Bhagvan Singh had been killed in 1739 fighting against
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to keep watch over the Hill Rajas and Jassa Singh gave command over it to his brother, Mali Singh, alongside 4,000 horses for the purpose. The control of Kalanaur was handed over to the other brother of Jassa Singh Ramgarhia, named Tara Singh.
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income from the Ramgarhian-controlled tributary states located in the Shivalik Hills declined during this time but the Ramgarhias still survived the onslaught. Eventually, the anti-Ramgarhia coalition was joined by Charat Singh Sukerchakia,
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In 1808, Ranjit Singh absorbed the territory that belonged to the Ramgarhia Misl and the misl's existence as an independent entity ceased. Ample pensions were provided to the deposed Ramgarhia ruler Jodh Singh and his cousin, Divan Singh.
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One day, a Brahmin petitioned the Ramgarhias to help save his two daughtered who had been captured by the local governor of Hisar. Thus, the Ramgarhias sent a force to recover the girls, who were eventually brought back to their father.
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and Batala (such as Jandiala, Toli, and Qadhian) started paying tribute to the misl. After this, the areas of Urmar Tanda, Yahyapur, and parts of Hoshiarpur were brought under Ramgarhia writ, increasing the income by a million rupees.
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Jassa Singh then made the former besieged fort of Ram Rauni his base, commissioning the repairs of the structure. The fortress was originally an enclosure of unbaked bricks (mud-fortress) but would later be fortified further by Jassa.
1231:, were constructed. He also donated materials for the beautification renovations of the Golden Temple complex, including perforated marble and mosaics. He was also responsible for constructing the first two stories of the tower of
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from the Sikh faith. Jassa Singh readily took up the offer and switched sides. Jassa Singh then sent word to Kaura Mal, a man who was partial towards the sympathies of the Sikhs, to end the siege. Kaura Mal appealed to
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region of Punjab, such as Batala, Kalanaur, Mastiwal, Dasuha, Talwara Lakhpur, Sanguwala, Sharif Chak, Miani, Begowal, amidst others. The Majhai territory led to an income of 700,000 rupees per annum of the Misl.
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evict the Ramgarhias from Batala as they had the support of the local residents on their side. Then, Haqiqat Singh Kanhaiya marched upon Kalanaur and captured it from the local Ramgarhia caretaker, Tara Singh.
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The headquarters of Ramgarhia misl (Quila Ramgarh) has already lost its very existence and its location is adjacent to Gurudwara Sri Ramsar Sahib and Guru Ramdas Khalsa Senior Secondary School on Ramsar Road,
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and imposed an annual tribute of 10,000 rupees on the local ruler, Nawab Zabita Khan. After this, a large Sikh cavalary force 30,000-strong commanded jointly by Jassa Singh Ramgarhia and Karam Singh (of the
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By this point, the misl had a cavalary force that was 10,000-strong. The Ramgarhia Misl made Batala yield to them in February to March of 1763. Ramgarhia power kept on increasing and eventually the local
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forces faced each-other for two months straight with no obvious conflict taking place. During this face-off, Gulab Singh Bhangi died due to alcoholism. Eventually, the face-off ended with no result.
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Mahan Singh gave an offer to the Ramgarhias to recover their lost Punjabi territory. The Ramgarhias and Sukerchakias then jointly worked together to destroy the Kanhaiyas. They were also joined by
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forgot this event of being taken prisoner by the Ramgarhias and harboured resentment against them. Jassa Singh Ahluwalia decided to organize a coalition to destroy the Ramgarhias once and for all.
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managed to intercede to stop the violence between the Sikhs. Mai Sukhan and Gurdit Singh Bhangi then formed a close relationship with Jodh Singh, even staying with him for a short period of time.
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After the destruction of Kanhaiya power, the Ramgarhias set-up Batala as their new base of operations and constructed fortifications, including a large and reinforced wall, at the location.
1009:, dying in battle. The Kanhaiyas were defeated in the conflict. This led to both the Ramgarhias and Kangra State winning back land that had previously been taken from them by the Kanhaiyas.
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attacked Ramgarh Fort and destroyed it in the process. When Timur was pushed out of the Punjab in 1758 by a joint force of Sikhs, Marathas, and Mughals, the Ramgarhia Misl rebuilt the fort.
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region in present-day India and Pakistan. The misl's name is derived from Qila Ramgarh, a place located in Ramsar, near Amritsar, which was fortified and redesigned by Ramgarhia Misl chief
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misls. A fertile region north of Amritsar, called Riarki, was brought under the control of Jassa. In only a decade's time, Jassa had elevated himself to becoming one of the most important
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Jassa Singh then took up employment under Adina Beg yet again. During this time, Adina Beg launched an attack on the Sikhs in Amritsar during the festival of Diwali in October 1748 and
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misls on the other. Ganda Singh died from sickness during the battle. After the death of their leader, the Bhangi forces fled the battlefield which left the Ramgarhias embarrassed.
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alongside Banda Singh Bahadur, distinguishing himself in the process. After Khushal, the leadership passed to another Jat named Nand Singh of Sanghani village near Amritsar.
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Negative relations began arising between the Ramgarhia and Sukerchakia misls. The Ramgarhias went to battle against the Sukerchakias and managed to capture highly-coveted
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to cancel the offensive, which he obliged and did so. However, the Sikh fortress of Ram Rauni had been utterly devastated by the siege. Mir Mannu then issued a
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misls, when the latter misl took control of Zahura, formerly controlled by the Ramgarhias. The Ahluwalias then bestowed the captured locality of Zahura to the
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While based in Hisar, the Ramgarhias raised their ranks with irregular cavalrymen and started launching attacks on the suburban areas surrounding the city of
858:. At this point of time, they had a force of 4,000 cavalrymen. In this most precarious state of affairs, the Ramgarhias were assisted by a local Sikh ruler,
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of safety. The Ramgarhia Misl rebuilt the fortress in the aftermath of the death of Mir Mannu in November 1753. The rebuilt fort was renamed as Ramgarh ("
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At the height of Ramgarhia power under the tenure of Jassa Singh Ramgarhia, the misl controlled a wide span of territory ranging from areas of the
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In the final years of Jassa Singh Ramgarhia's life, he resided at his capital, Sri Hargobindpur, and held cordial relations with the Bhangi Misl.
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region. The coalition succeeded in pushing the outnumbered and overpowered Ramgarhias out of the Punjab. The Ramgarhias then found a new base in
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Nand Singh helped increase the size of the jatha, with both areas of operation and power expanding. Jassa Singh Ichogillia, who was from the
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Not to be confused with Khushal Singh from Guga village, who was a Jat and the founder of the Jatha that Jassa Singh Ramgarhia had joined.
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In 1774, the Kanhaiya Misl managed to take control over the Kangra throne, which greatly retarded the Ramgarhia influence in the region.
662:, and Amar Singh Kingra. Eventually, after a hard-fought defence against the besiegers, the Sikhs were pushed to evacuate the fortress.
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As Quila Ramgarh was fortified to defend the Golden Temple from invaders, this misl acquired the name Ramgarhia, which literally means
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The relationship between the Ramgarhias and Kangra State became precarious due to the Ramgarhias not being of much help against the
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The Ramgarhia Misl warred against Zain Khan Sirhindi and Jahan Khan Lahori. It further assisted in the joint Sikh invasion of
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Slowly and surely, the Ramgarhia territory was occupied by other misls and states until none remained so they escaped to the
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Jassa Singh Ramgarhia died on 20 April 1803 and was succeeded as head of the misl by one of his sons, Jodh Singh Ramgarhia.
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areas of Urmur Tanda, Sarih, Miani, Garhdiwala, and Zahura. Of the various Hill States of the Shivalik Range, the states of
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conquered Ramgarh Fort and demolished all of the Ramgarhia-associated forts, perhaps as many as 150 forts were destroyed.
893:, such as Sambhal, Chandausi, Kash Ganj, Khurja, Sikandra, and Meerut amidst others, were all targets of the Ramgarhias.
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Sikh community's identity, their historic sacrifices and contribution to defending the Golden Temple over the centuries.
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including Batala, Kalanaur, Dinanagar, Sri Hargobindpur, Shahpur Kandi, Gurdaspur, Qadian, Ghuman, Matteval, and in the
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Jodh Singh assisted Ranjit Singh in 1802 by assisting with the conquest of Amritsar from the Bhangis under the rule of
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Jassa Singh Ramgarhia launched an expedition against Jaimal Singh, who was the son of Haqiqat Singh Kanhaiya.
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were crowned in Delhi and brought it to Amritsar as a symbol of their victory. This green slab was placed in
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The Misl offered protection to its tributary states. A historical example of this is when the misl protected
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to come to an agreement as the latter had been harassing Sikhs of the Jalandhar Doab under the orders of the
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during this time. Nand Singh would later be succeeded by Jassa Singh after the former's death in around 1743.
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and decided to totally refuse Ranjit Singh and stand against him. Ranjit Singh, supported by Sada Kaur and
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Not to be confused with Jai Singh Kanhaiya, who was not a blood-relative of Jassa Singh Ramgarhia.
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during the 1770s. The Pahari Rajas of the Shivalik range, such as Raja Ghumand Chand Katoch of
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on his death bed surrounded by his brothers Alli Singh, Malli Singh, Tara Singh and his son
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was passed that reorganized the various scattered and numerous jathas into eleven organized
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with checked blanket covering chest on the right, in centre. Jodh Singh can also be seen.
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The Ramgarhias stayed around in the cis-Sutlej area for a period of around five years.
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In 1796, a conflict arose between the Kanhaiyas led by the widow of Gurbaksh Singh,
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One of the very few photographs taken of Qila Ram Rauni, later known as Qila Ramgarh
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named Khushal Singh, a native of Guga village near Amritsar, who had undergone the
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to gather a sum of five-hundred rupees to save their city from the Ramgarhias.
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Jassa Singh and his brother, Mali Singh, launched looting raids against the
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After the conquest of Delhi, the Ramgarhias ventured further to invade
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Painting of Sahib Singh Bedi being transported on an elephant, ca.1850
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of the Kangra State in this affair. They launched a joint attack at
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1840:. Publication Bureau, Patiala Punjabi University. pp. 116–134.
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During the tenure of Jodh Singh, architectural works, such as the
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were tributary states and paid the misl a levy of 200,000 rupees.
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2115:. Vol. 2: E-L. Punjabi University, Patiala. pp. 395–6.
1993:. Vol. 2: E-L. Punjabi University, Patiala. pp. 362–3.
1978:. Vol. 3: M-R. Punjabi University, Patiala. pp. 107–8.
1942:. Vol. 2: E-L. Punjabi University, Patiala. pp. 358–9.
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shows the relative positions of the Sikh Misls and other states.
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2075:"ਜੱਸਾ ਸਿੰਘ ਰਾਮਗੜ੍ਹੀਆ ਦੀ ਅਨਮੋਲ ਨਿਸ਼ਾਨੀ : ਬੁੰਗਾ ਰਾਮਗੜ੍ਹੀਆ"
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Later, animosities began appearing between the Ramgarhia and
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574:
564:
538:
Painting of Jassa Singh Ramgarhia seated and armed with sword
489:
271:
101:
586:
1325:
1306:
1212:, annexed the lands that had been under the control of the
1091:
1065:
879:
494:
282:
82:
612:, with the Ramgarhia Misl forming out of this judgement.
1836:
Singh, Bhagat (1993). "Chapter 5 - The Ramgarhia Misal".
878:, the gate of the city itself, and deeper raids into the
781:
misls on one side against the forces of the Kanhaiya and
561:
five hundred Sikhs were holed up in the fort of Ram Rauni
838:
Sardar Jassa Singh Ramgarhia on left and Amar Singh of
800:
became hostile to each other and a rivalry developed.
1189:
866:, who bestowed a jagir upon them at Hisar and Hansi.
896:
A coalition of Sikhs chiefs under the leadership of
1551:
Military Manpower, Armies and Warfare in South Asia
1436:
Sardar Jassa Singh Ramgharia, 20th century painting
1005:in 1787, resulting in one of the Kanhaiya Sardars,
757:against the forces of Ranjit Deo of Jammu State.
542:In 1745, Jassa Singh was instructed to meet with
2937:
2005:"The Tribune, Chandigarh, India - Amritsar PLUS"
796:. After this affair, Jassa Singh Ramgarhia and
698:and the rajas of other states such as Haripur,
2053:(2nd ed.). Scarecrow Press. p. 102.
2022:Pashaura Singh; Norman Gerald Barrier (1999).
1235:. Jodh Singh died in Amritsar in August 1815.
2138:
1159:, then launched an attack but Jodh Singh and
410:
1547:
1242:Some of the Ramgarhia descendents, such as
2145:
2131:
417:
403:
16:State in the Sikh confederacy (1707–1799)
2454:List of battles involving the Sikh Empire
1535:The Sikh Encyclopedia -ਸਿੱਖ ਧਰਮ ਵਿਸ਼ਵਕੋਸ਼
1208:Between 1810–11, Jodh Singh, assisted by
1529:Gujral, Maninder S. (19 December 2000).
1218:
1124:
1074:
1036:
1014:
968:
833:
585:
533:
293:
1194:Jodh Singh had a close friendship with
1120:
2938:
2106:
2104:
2048:
2042:
1831:
1829:
1827:
1825:
1823:
1821:
1819:
1817:
1815:
1813:
1811:
1809:
1807:
1805:
1803:
1801:
1799:
1797:
1795:
1793:
1791:
1789:
1787:
1785:
1783:
1781:
1779:
1777:
1775:
1773:
1771:
1541:
1528:
2126:
2102:
2100:
2098:
2096:
2094:
2092:
2090:
2088:
2086:
2084:
1969:
1933:
1931:
1929:
1927:
1925:
1923:
1921:
1919:
1917:
1915:
1913:
1911:
1909:
1907:
1905:
1903:
1901:
1899:
1897:
1895:
1893:
1891:
1889:
1887:
1885:
1883:
1881:
1879:
1877:
1875:
1873:
1871:
1869:
1867:
1835:
1769:
1767:
1765:
1763:
1761:
1759:
1757:
1755:
1753:
1751:
1749:
1747:
1745:
1743:
1741:
1739:
1737:
1735:
1733:
1731:
1729:
1727:
1725:
1723:
1721:
1719:
1717:
1715:
1713:
1711:
1709:
1707:
1705:
1703:
1701:
1699:
1697:
1695:
1693:
1691:
1689:
1687:
1685:
1683:
1681:
1679:
1677:
1675:
1673:
1671:
1669:
1667:
1665:
1663:
1661:
1659:
1657:
1655:
1653:
1651:
1649:
1647:
1645:
1643:
1641:
1639:
1637:
1635:
1633:
1631:
1629:
1627:
1625:
1623:
1621:
1619:
1617:
1615:
1613:
1611:
1609:
1607:
1605:
1603:
1601:
1599:
1597:
1595:
1593:
1591:
1141:of Tara Singh and a cousin of Jodh.
760:
2025:Sikh Identity: Continuity and Change
1967:
1965:
1963:
1961:
1959:
1957:
1955:
1953:
1951:
1949:
1865:
1863:
1861:
1859:
1857:
1855:
1853:
1851:
1849:
1847:
1589:
1587:
1585:
1583:
1581:
1579:
1577:
1575:
1573:
1571:
869:
829:
507:. Khushal Singh fought in the later
1190:After absorption by the Sikh Empire
964:
714:The Ramgarhias also conquered many
13:
2081:
1199:Ranjit Singh when the latter held
14:
2972:
2110:
1988:
1973:
1946:
1937:
1844:
1568:
1129:Jassa Singh Ramgharia with sons,
977:Misls hold a diplomatic meeting.
493:(Sikh militia band) founded by a
2051:Historical Dictionary of Sikhism
1453:
1441:
1429:
1422:
1407:
1381:
1350:
1324:
1305:
908:They seized the granite slab of
247:
222:
208:
2152:
2067:
2015:
1464:of Sardar Jassa Singh Ramgarhia
1997:
1982:
1522:
1485:
1476:
1270:
1:
1515:
981:(long, white beard) on left.
633:Custodians of the Fort of God
1838:A History of the Sikh Misals
990:Ramgarhias back to Punjab.
521:Nader Shah's invading forces
100:(dynastic) •
7:
2113:The Encyclopedia of Sikhism
1991:The Encyclopedia of Sikhism
1976:The Encyclopedia of Sikhism
1940:The Encyclopedia of Sikhism
1498:
842:on right, late 18th century
10:
2977:
2513:British East India Company
1262:
487:The Misl started out as a
477:
437:
89:being the dynastic rulers)
2956:Princely states of Punjab
2925:Treaty of Amritsar (1846)
2905:Treaty of Amritsar (1809)
2897:
2871:
2854:Johann Martin Honigberger
2811:
2713:Chattar Singh Attariwalla
2605:
2598:
2562:
2490:
2464:
2432:
2399:
2366:
2323:
2215:
2206:
2160:
1554:. Routledge. p. 88.
1363:
1293:
1249:
458:) was a sovereign state (
263:
187:
183:
173:
163:
159:
151:
147:
135:
123:
119:
111:
93:
72:
58:
45:
35:
30:
21:
2915:Treaty of Chushul (1842)
2910:Tripartite Treaty (1838)
2028:. Manohar. p. 264.
1469:
1364:As an independent Misl:
1064:In the year 1800 during
854:, located in modern-day
482:
2920:Treaty of Lahore (1846)
2798:Malik Fateh Khan Tiwana
2049:McLeod, W. H. (2005) .
950:) pillaged the area of
934:, where it still lies.
918:on which, according to
602:in Amritsar in 1748, a
581:
2753:Ajit Singh Sandhawalia
2738:Mangal Singh Ramgarhia
2728:Ranjodh Singh Majithia
2708:Sher Singh Attariwalla
2703:Sham Singh Attariwalla
2599:Officials and warriors
2508:Emirate of Afghanistan
2414:Battle of Chillianwala
1377:(1723 – 20 April 1803)
1346:(1723 – 20 April 1803)
1244:Mangal Singh Ramgarhia
1233:Gurdwara Baba Atal Rai
1224:
1134:
1087:
1042:
1027:
986:
843:
820:Haqiqat Singh Kanhaiya
591:
539:
303:
175:• Disestablished
2834:François Henri Mouton
2824:Jean-Baptiste Ventura
2663:Khushal Singh Jamadar
2450:Panchayati Revolution
2446:Hill States–Sikh Wars
2401:Second Anglo-Sikh War
1373:Jassa Singh Ramgarhia
1342:Jassa Singh Ramgarhia
1222:
1157:Fateh Singh Ahluwalia
1128:
1081:Jassa Singh Ramgarhia
1078:
1040:
1018:
979:Jassa Singh Ramgarhia
972:
898:Jassa Singh Ramgarhia
837:
798:Jassa Singh Ahluwalia
589:
537:
472:Jassa Singh Ramgarhia
297:
130:Jassa Singh Ramgarhia
59:Common languages
2872:Influential families
2829:Claude Auguste Court
2819:Jean-François Allard
2733:Surat Singh Majithia
2723:Lehna Singh Majithia
2528:Hill States Alliance
2381:Battle of Ferozeshah
2368:First Anglo-Sikh War
2009:www.tribuneindia.com
1548:Kaushik Roy (2015).
1399:Jodh Singh Ramgarhia
1121:Tenure of Jodh Singh
1085:Jodh Singh Ramgarhia
1053:, the descendent of
578:grant to the Sikhs.
142:Jodh Singh Ramgarhia
2961:History of Amritsar
2718:Amar Singh Majithia
2653:Mahan Singh Mirpuri
2444:, Katoch–Sikh War,
999:Sansar Chand Katoch
952:Saharanpur district
643:are symbols of the
525:learnt how to fight
505:Banda Singh Bahadur
165:• Established
137:• 1803 – 1808
125:• 1748 – 1803
2879:Sandhawalia family
2793:Sultan Mahmud Khan
2778:Jarnail Ghaus Khan
2763:Sangat Singh Saini
2658:Dewan Mokham Chand
2533:Kingdom of Mankera
2409:Battle of Ramnagar
2353:Battle of Peshawar
2348:Battle of Nowshera
2225:Battle of Bhangani
1403:(died August 1815)
1357:Circa 1743 – 1748
1225:
1210:Diwan Mokham Chand
1135:
1088:
1043:
1028:
987:
880:Ganges-Yamuna Doab
844:
761:Inter-misl warfare
666:the Ramgarhia and
660:Jai Singh Kanhaiya
652:Timur Shah Durrani
592:
540:
503:during the era of
304:
298:A 1780 map of the
270: •
104: •
74:Ethnic groups
2933:
2932:
2867:
2866:
2839:Alexander Gardner
2758:Kahan Singh Nakai
2743:Akali Phula Singh
2623:Diwan Bhawani Das
2460:
2459:
2391:Battle of Sobraon
2343:Battle of Shopian
2035:978-81-7304-236-2
1462:equestrian statue
1420:
1419:
1161:Akali Phula Singh
1020:Raja Sansar Chand
870:Conquest of Delhi
830:Exile from Punjab
794:Karorsinghia Misl
427:
426:
277:
276:
259:
258:
255:
254:
235:
234:
2968:
2951:Ramgarhia people
2688:Balbhadra Kunwar
2648:Hari Singh Nalwa
2638:Misr Diwan Chand
2628:Diwan Buta Singh
2603:
2602:
2543:Barakzai dynasty
2518:Kingdom of Nepal
2472:Sikh Khalsa Army
2424:Battle of Gujrat
2386:Battle of Aliwal
2358:Battle of Jamrud
2338:Battle of Multan
2333:Battle of Attock
2325:Afghan–Sikh wars
2217:Mughal-Sikh Wars
2213:
2212:
2147:
2140:
2133:
2124:
2123:
2117:
2116:
2111:Singh, Harbans.
2108:
2079:
2078:
2071:
2065:
2064:
2046:
2040:
2039:
2019:
2013:
2012:
2001:
1995:
1994:
1989:Singh, Harbans.
1986:
1980:
1979:
1974:Singh, Harbans.
1971:
1944:
1943:
1938:Singh, Harbans.
1935:
1842:
1841:
1833:
1566:
1565:
1545:
1539:
1538:
1526:
1492:
1489:
1483:
1480:
1457:
1445:
1433:
1411:
1404:
1385:
1378:
1354:
1347:
1328:
1309:
1279:
1272:
1267:
1266:
1214:Faizalpuria Misl
1051:Sahib Singh Bedi
965:Return to Punjab
509:Mughal-Sikh Wars
464:Sikh Confederacy
457:
456:
449:
445:
419:
412:
405:
392:
385:
378:
371:
369:Sukerchakia Misl
364:
362:Nishanwalia Misl
357:
350:
343:
336:
329:
322:
315:
287:Sikh Confederacy
279:
278:
251:
250:
239:
238:
226:
225:
212:
211:
205:
204:
189:
188:
81:(with initially
52:Sri Hargobindpur
49:Ramsar (initial)
19:
18:
2976:
2975:
2971:
2970:
2969:
2967:
2966:
2965:
2936:
2935:
2934:
2929:
2893:
2884:Majithia family
2863:
2844:Paolo Avitabile
2807:
2788:Fakir Azizuddin
2698:Mehta Basti Ram
2618:Diwan Dina Nath
2594:
2558:
2538:Namgyal dynasty
2486:
2465:Military forces
2456:
2428:
2419:Siege of Multan
2395:
2376:Battle of Mudki
2362:
2319:
2208:
2202:
2178:Nau Nihal Singh
2156:
2151:
2121:
2120:
2109:
2082:
2073:
2072:
2068:
2061:
2047:
2043:
2036:
2020:
2016:
2003:
2002:
1998:
1987:
1983:
1972:
1947:
1936:
1845:
1834:
1569:
1562:
1546:
1542:
1527:
1523:
1518:
1505:Ramgarhia Bunga
1501:
1496:
1495:
1490:
1486:
1481:
1477:
1472:
1465:
1458:
1449:
1448:Ramgarhia Bunga
1446:
1437:
1434:
1425:
1402:
1401:
1376:
1375:
1345:
1344:
1331:? – circa 1743
1277:
1265:
1252:
1229:Ramgarhia Bunga
1223:Ramgarhia Bunga
1192:
1123:
967:
928:Ramgarhia Bunga
924:Mughal emperors
872:
832:
763:
641:Ramgarhia Bunga
598:meeting of the
584:
485:
480:
450:
447:
439:
438:ਰਾਮਗੜ੍ਹੀਆ ਮਿਸਲ
423:
388:
381:
376:Dallewalia Misl
374:
367:
360:
355:Panjgarhia Misl
353:
348:Singhpuria Misl
346:
339:
332:
325:
318:
311:
248:
223:
209:
176:
166:
138:
126:
112:Misldar (chief)
50:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2974:
2964:
2963:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2931:
2930:
2928:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2901:
2899:
2895:
2894:
2892:
2891:
2886:
2881:
2875:
2873:
2869:
2868:
2865:
2864:
2862:
2861:
2859:Henry Lawrence
2856:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2815:
2813:
2809:
2808:
2806:
2805:
2803:Sohan Lal Suri
2800:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2630:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2609:
2607:
2600:
2596:
2595:
2593:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2566:
2564:
2560:
2559:
2557:
2556:
2554:Maqpon Dynasty
2551:
2545:
2540:
2535:
2530:
2525:
2520:
2515:
2510:
2505:
2503:Durrani Empire
2500:
2494:
2492:
2488:
2487:
2485:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2468:
2466:
2462:
2461:
2458:
2457:
2438:Nepal–Sikh War
2436:
2434:
2430:
2429:
2427:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2405:
2403:
2397:
2396:
2394:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2372:
2370:
2364:
2363:
2361:
2360:
2355:
2350:
2345:
2340:
2335:
2329:
2327:
2321:
2320:
2318:
2317:
2312:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2247:
2242:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2221:
2219:
2210:
2204:
2203:
2201:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2164:
2162:
2158:
2157:
2150:
2149:
2142:
2135:
2127:
2119:
2118:
2080:
2066:
2059:
2041:
2034:
2014:
1996:
1981:
1945:
1843:
1567:
1560:
1540:
1520:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1513:
1512:
1507:
1500:
1497:
1494:
1493:
1484:
1474:
1473:
1471:
1468:
1467:
1466:
1459:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1428:
1424:
1421:
1418:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1405:
1396:
1392:
1391:
1389:
1386:
1379:
1370:
1366:
1365:
1361:
1360:
1358:
1355:
1348:
1339:
1335:
1334:
1332:
1329:
1322:
1319:
1315:
1314:
1312:
1310:
1303:
1302:Khushal Singh
1300:
1296:
1295:
1291:
1290:
1287:
1284:
1281:
1273:
1264:
1261:
1251:
1248:
1191:
1188:
1122:
1119:
1096:Jalandhar Doab
1007:Gurbaksh Singh
973:Ramgarhia and
966:
963:
948:Shaheedan Misl
920:oral tradition
871:
868:
831:
828:
814:Ahluwalias.
777:Ramgarhia and
762:
759:
594:At the annual
583:
580:
565:excommunicated
529:art of warfare
527:and about the
523:. Jassa Singh
484:
481:
479:
476:
430:Ramgarhia Misl
425:
424:
422:
421:
414:
407:
399:
396:
395:
394:
393:
390:Shaheedan Misl
386:
379:
372:
365:
358:
351:
344:
341:Ramgarhia Misl
337:
330:
323:
320:Ahluwalia Misl
316:
306:
305:
290:
289:
275:
274:
265:
261:
260:
257:
256:
253:
252:
245:
236:
233:
232:
230:Durrani Empire
227:
219:
218:
213:
201:
200:
195:
185:
184:
181:
180:
177:
174:
171:
170:
167:
164:
161:
160:
157:
156:
153:
149:
148:
145:
144:
139:
136:
133:
132:
127:
124:
121:
120:
117:
116:
113:
109:
108:
95:
91:
90:
76:
70:
69:
60:
56:
55:
47:
43:
42:
37:
33:
32:
28:
27:
24:Ramgarhia Misl
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2973:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2954:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2944:
2943:
2941:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2902:
2900:
2896:
2890:
2889:Tiwana family
2887:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2876:
2874:
2870:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2849:Josiah Harlan
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2816:
2814:
2810:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2693:Jawahar Singh
2691:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2668:Zorawar Singh
2666:
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1510:Golden Temple
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1423:Photo gallery
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334:Kanhaiya Misl
331:
328:
324:
321:
317:
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313:Phulkian Misl
310:
309:
308:
307:
301:
300:Punjab Region
296:
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264:Today part of
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48:
44:
41:
38:
34:
29:
25:
20:
2783:Ilahi Bakhsh
2643:Diwan Mulraj
2633:Pratap Singh
2590:Zorawar Fort
2245:2nd Anandpur
2240:1st Anandpur
2198:Duleep Singh
2173:Kharak Singh
2168:Ranjit Singh
2112:
2069:
2050:
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2024:
2017:
2008:
1999:
1990:
1984:
1975:
1939:
1837:
1550:
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1414:1803 – 1808
1388:1748 – 1803
1294:As a Jatha:
1276:
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1196:Ranjit Singh
1193:
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911:Takht-e-Taus
909:
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895:
891:Jamuna River
886:
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764:
755:Chamba State
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558:
554:Zakaria Khan
547:
541:
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498:
488:
486:
459:
448:رامگڑھیا مسل
429:
428:
340:
198:Succeeded by
197:
192:
23:
2768:Hukma Singh
2683:Gulab Singh
2613:Dhian Singh
2585:Lahore Fort
2575:Multan Fort
2570:Jamrud Fort
2523:Qing Empire
2491:Adversaries
2477:Fauj-i-Khas
2154:Sikh Empire
1531:"RAM RAUNI"
1321:Nand Singh
1024:Kangra Fort
975:Sukarchakia
783:Sukerchakia
692:Hill States
624:" meaning "
327:Bhangi Misl
243:Sikh Empire
193:Preceded by
2940:Categories
2812:Foreigners
2773:Veer Singh
2748:Chandu Lal
2482:Fauj-i-Ain
2188:Sher Singh
2183:Chand Kaur
1516:References
1205:(court).
1146:Mai Sukhan
1138:Jodh Singh
1131:Jodh Singh
1059:Gujranwala
1055:Guru Nanak
1022:attacking
983:Maha Singh
860:Amar Singh
708:Beas River
678:Dal Khalsa
383:Nakai Misl
87:Ramgarhias
85:and later
2678:Lal Singh
2673:Tej Singh
2550:of Poonch
2300:Jalalabad
2209:conflicts
2193:Jind Kaur
1283:Portrait
1092:Bari Doab
1047:Sada Kaur
1026:, ca.1782
914:from the
900:attacked
889:past the
790:Ahluwalia
732:zamindars
685:Bharatpur
650:In 1757,
645:Ramgarhia
570:Mir Mannu
544:Adina Beg
462:) in the
453:Shahmukhi
94:Religion
31:1748–1808
2898:Treaties
2280:Sadhaura
2250:Chamkaur
2207:Military
1499:See also
1257:Amritsar
932:Amritsar
916:Red Fort
887:parganas
810:zamburak
743:Phagwara
717:parganas
704:Datarpur
668:Kanhaiya
549:Subahdar
442:Gurmukhi
268:Pakistan
106:Hinduism
79:Punjabis
67:dialects
65:and its
2606:Natives
2548:Sudhans
2295:Lohgarh
2275:Sirhind
2265:Sonepat
2260:Muktsar
1263:Leaders
1168:Gurkhas
1151:zamzama
1079:Sardar
864:Patiala
856:Haryana
840:Patiala
738:taluqas
735:of the
720:of the
676:of the
673:Sardars
605:Gurmata
478:History
434:Punjabi
285:of the
152:History
98:Sikhism
63:Punjabi
54:(later)
46:Capital
2433:Others
2270:Samana
2235:Basoli
2230:Nadaun
2161:Rulers
2057:
2032:
1558:
1286:Reign
1250:Legacy
1202:durbar
1112:Chamba
1110:, and
1104:Nurpur
1100:Kangra
1003:Batala
943:Meerut
922:, all
779:Bhangi
700:Jaswan
696:Kangra
596:Diwali
468:Punjab
155:
115:
36:Status
2946:Misls
2563:Forts
2315:Delhi
2305:Jammu
2290:Rahon
2255:Sarsa
1470:Notes
1289:Ref.
1275:Name
1108:Mandi
902:Delhi
876:Delhi
852:Hisar
848:Malwa
722:Majha
610:Misls
575:jagir
516:Thoka
500:Pahul
490:jatha
483:Jatha
283:Misls
272:India
102:Islam
2055:ISBN
2030:ISBN
1556:ISBN
1066:Holi
885:The
639:and
582:Misl
460:misl
179:1808
169:1748
83:Jats
40:Misl
1460:An
1395:4.
1338:3.
1318:2.
1299:1.
1271:No.
930:at
862:of
741:of
626:God
622:Ram
495:Jat
466:of
2942::
2452:,
2448:,
2440:,
2083:^
2007:.
1948:^
1846:^
1570:^
1533:.
1369:–
1259:.
1216:.
1170:.
1106:,
1102:,
1061:.
954:.
882:.
702:,
687:.
680:.
635:.
552:,
446:•
436::
2146:e
2139:t
2132:v
2063:.
2038:.
2011:.
1564:.
1537:.
455:)
451:(
444:)
440:(
432:(
418:e
411:t
404:v
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