32:
1167:
2667:
2656:
117:
1054:
102:
1198:, the river floods the country far and wide here, sometimes to a width of 30 km (19 mi), for long distances. During this season, from April until October, it is a succession of lagoons, full of long islands and intricate channels with a lot of water wildlife. Near Carvoeiro the last major tributary of the Rio Negro, the
1122:. In this stretch the river is constantly fed with tributaries from both sides, and it quickly grows in size creating large river islands, a common feature for all rivers in the Amazon basin. After forming the border between Colombia and Venezuela for 260 km (160 mi) the Rio Negro reaches the
2701:
Much has been written on the productivity of the Rio Negro and other blackwater rivers. The older idea that these are "hunger rivers" is giving way, with new research, to the recognition that the Rio Negro, for example, supports a large fishing industry and has numerous turtle beaches. If explorers
1221:, a 350,018 ha (864,910 acres) conservation unit that was originally an ecological station created in 1981, protects part of the Anavilhanas river archipelago in this part of the river. Below the archipelago, it meets the
2643:, who first came upon it in 1541. By the middle of the 17th century, Jesuits had settled along its banks in the midst of numerous tribes: Manau, Aruák, and Trumá Indians. After 1700 slaving along the river was common, and
3090:
1082:, passing several small indigenous settlements on its way, such as Cuarinuma, Brujas, Santa Rosa and Tabaquén. After roughly 400 km (250 mi) the river starts forming the border between Colombia's
1154:, the largest tributary of the Rio Negro, also enters from the right hand side. The Rio Negro now turns markedly towards the east, forming several rapids and small islets on its way. It then passes
3153:
1158:
an important commercial city. After several more rapids and imposing views of the
Adormecida mountain chain the river leaves the Guyana shield it traversed in its upper and middle course.
3316:
Saint-Paul, U., Berger, U., Zuanon, J., Villacorta Correa, M. A., García, M., Fabré, N. N., et al. (2000). "Fish communities in central
Amazonian white- and blackwater floodplains,"
3097:
2706:
along the Rio Negro during the 17th century, it is likely that their populations were reduced because of new infectious diseases and warfare rather than low river productivity.
3274:
3332:
A narrative of travels on the Amazon and Rio Negro, with an account of the native tribes, and observations on the climate, geology, and natural history of the Amazon Valley
1190:
enters the Rio Negro the river continues its eastward course forming many large islands and becoming very wide at several locations. It passes local communities such as
2956:
2954:
2952:
2950:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2914:
2912:
2910:
2908:
3091:"PLANO ESTADUAL DE RECURSOS HÍDRICOS DO AMAZONAS, (PERH/AM) - RT 03 - DIAGNÓSTICO, PROGNÓSTICO E CENÁRIOS FUTUROS DO RECURSOS HÍDRICOS DO ESTADO - TOMO III"
1143:
3145:
2905:
2961:
Juan
Gabriel, Leon; Stèphane, Calmont; F., Seyler; Marie-Paule, Bonnet; Mathilde, Cauhopé; Frédéric, Frappart; Naziano, Filizola; Pascal, Fraizy (2010).
3138:
2713:. About 700 fish species have been documented in the river basin, and it is estimated that the total is 800–900 fish species, including almost 100
3181:
3179:
3177:
3175:
2698:
due to an incomplete breakdown of phenol-containing vegetation from sandy clearings. The river was named because it looks black from a distance.
3392:
3172:
2647:
populations were greatly diminished after contact with
Eurasian diseases. This area was the filming location for Survivor:The Amazon in 2003.
3372:
1119:
2998:
2996:
2994:
2992:
2990:
2988:
1210:. The river now takes a more southeastern course, becoming again very wide in many stretches before reaching the biggest city on its course
2985:
2963:"Rating curves and estimation of average water depth at the upper Negro River based on satellite altimeter data and modeled discharges"
3323:
Sioli, H. (1955). "Beiträge zur regionalen
Limnologie des Amazonasgebietes. III. Über einige Gewässer des oberen Rio Negro-Gebietes."
2499:
2379:
2330:
675:
589:
332:
3367:
2779:
2570:
2271:
3275:"Description of a new Heros species (Teleostei, Cichlidae) from the Rio Orinoco drainage and notes on Heros severus Heckel, 1840"
2874:
2872:
2870:
2868:
2866:
2450:
2190:
3387:
2833:
2863:
2921:"The Negro River in the Anavilhanas Archipelago: Streamflow and geomorphology of a complex anabranching system in the Amazon"
3154:"Estimating cell-to-cell land surface drainage paths from digital channel networks, with an application to the Amazon basin"
1347:
895:
246:
2733:, many aquatic species are found both in the Rio Negro and Orinoco. Because the Casiquiare includes both blackwater and
2644:
3346:
3311:
3239:
3004:
2827:
2819:
2789:
75:
53:
3304:
Rio Negro, Rich Life in Poor Water : Amazonian
Diversity and Foodchain Ecology as seen through Fish Communities
46:
3226:
1094:
is the first
Venezuelan town the river passes. 120 km (75 mi) further downstream the river receives the
3402:
3188:"Assessment of different precipitation datasets and their impacts on the water balance of the Negro River basin"
2751:
2738:
2734:
3005:"Assessing the performance of global hydrological models for capturing peak river flows in the Amazon basin"
3377:
2703:
3382:
3362:
1087:
1034:
2443:
2741:
sections, only relatively adaptable species are able to pass through it between the two river systems.
314:
20:
1115:
2264:
1218:
1191:
527:
2879:
Rogério
Ribeiro, Marinho; Naziano Filizola, Junior; Jean Michel, Martinez; Tristan, Harmel (2022).
1155:
1134:
of
Colombia, Venezuela and Brazil is found in the middle of the river and it now completely enters
1079:
40:
1083:
1071:
2881:"Suspended sediment transport estimation in Negro River (Amazon Basin) using MSI/Sentinel-2 data"
1445:
967:
3407:
1207:
1135:
57:
3397:
3152:
Emilio, Mayorga; Miles, G. Logsdon; Maria
Victoria, R. Ballester; Jeffrey, E. Richey (2005).
2640:
1320:
903:
228:
899:
224:
3199:
2757:
8:
2919:
Rogério Ribeiro, Marinho; Paulo Rodrigo, Zanin; Naziano Pantoja, Filizola Junior (2021).
2718:
1090:. After passing the Colombian community of Tonina and Macanal the river turns southwest.
992:
984:
144:
3203:
2920:
2880:
2671:
2040:
919:
1142:, the river continues south, only temporarily turning west for several kilometers. In
428:
20 m (66 ft) (Serrinha); 24 m (79 ft) to 31 m (102 ft) (
3342:
3307:
3235:
3048:
2823:
2785:
2152:
1967:
1230:
931:
2813:
1747:
1222:
1202:
joins the Rio Negro and the river temporarily forms the border between the state of
1058:
859:
3259:
3207:
3161:
3021:
2974:
2932:
2892:
2730:
2710:
2691:
2070:
1166:
1123:
1114:
The river now continues in a southeastern direction passing the Venezuelan town of
1095:
1030:
1005:
997:
847:
159:
3211:
2978:
2851:
2849:
2847:
2845:
2843:
1864:
1678:
1418:
951:
883:
855:
3165:
2878:
1091:
1078:. The young river generally flows in an east-northeasterly direction through the
2099:
1990:
1578:
959:
927:
915:
381:
2840:
2726:
1910:
1724:
1470:
887:
879:
863:
851:
819:
811:
2015:
1942:
1370:
1187:
1147:
935:
923:
891:
3356:
2585:
2572:
2514:
2501:
2465:
2452:
2394:
2381:
2345:
2332:
2286:
2273:
2205:
2192:
1818:
1772:
1395:
1127:
971:
947:
943:
690:
677:
604:
591:
347:
334:
261:
248:
2897:
2918:
2666:
1601:
1551:
1524:
1226:
1199:
1171:
1151:
1026:
1022:
875:
871:
867:
826:
807:
298:
122:
1628:
1499:
1038:
963:
955:
293:
3050:
Rivers of the World: A Social, Geographical and Environmental Sourcebook
2655:
1241:
List of the major tributaries of the Rio Negro (from the mouth upwards)
2695:
1195:
1126:, an igneous rock formation from the Precambrian era, belonging to the
3065:
116:
2936:
1841:
1018:
939:
187:
3187:
2962:
2722:
2714:
1131:
232:
182:
2563:
1139:
1053:
758:
101:
2960:
1203:
1099:
3302:
Goulding, M., Carvalho, M. L., & Ferreira, E. J. G. (1988).
3263:. Freshwater Ecoregions of the World. Retrieved 12 February 2013
3151:
626:(Period: 1997–2015)16,845.5 m/s (594,890 cu ft/s)
540:(Period: 2008–2019)34,444 m/s (1,216,400 cu ft/s)
480:(Period: 2015–2019)34,573 m/s (1,220,900 cu ft/s)
2660:
2183:
1211:
1179:
1175:
1042:
770:(Period: 1997–2014)5,113.1 m/s (180,570 cu ft/s)
712:(Period: 1997–2014)8,314.5 m/s (293,620 cu ft/s)
468:
443:
429:
318:
310:
192:
107:
3218:
3341:. São Paulo, Brazil: UNICAMP & Instituto Socioambiental.
2812:
Ziesler, R.; Ardizzone, G.D. (1979). "Amazon River System".
2856:
1102:
and the Amazon river basin. Henceforth the river is called
2687:
1098:
from the left (north), forming a unique link between the
2820:
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
560:
65,510 m/s (2,313,000 cu ft/s) (2014/06)
3064:
1118:, its largest settlement on the river, and Colombia's
1017:
as it is known in its upper part, is the largest left
1070:
The source of the Rio Negro lies in Colombia, in the
3339:
História indígena e do indigenismo no Alto Rio Negro
550:
7,633 m/s (269,600 cu ft/s) (2009/10)
2118:
2115:
2112:
2109:
2106:
2103:
2091:
2088:
2085:
2082:
2079:
2076:
2057:
2054:
2051:
2048:
2034:
2031:
2028:
2025:
2022:
2019:
2009:
2006:
2003:
2000:
1997:
1994:
1984:
1981:
1978:
1975:
1961:
1958:
1955:
1952:
1949:
1946:
1927:
1924:
1921:
1918:
1904:
1901:
1898:
1895:
1883:
1880:
1877:
1874:
1858:
1855:
1852:
1849:
1835:
1832:
1829:
1826:
1812:
1809:
1806:
1803:
1791:
1788:
1785:
1782:
1779:
1776:
1764:
1761:
1758:
1755:
1741:
1738:
1735:
1732:
1718:
1715:
1712:
1709:
1695:
1692:
1689:
1686:
1670:
1667:
1664:
1661:
1647:
1644:
1641:
1638:
1635:
1632:
1620:
1617:
1614:
1611:
1595:
1592:
1589:
1586:
1570:
1567:
1564:
1561:
1558:
1555:
1545:
1542:
1539:
1536:
1533:
1530:
1518:
1515:
1512:
1509:
1506:
1503:
1491:
1488:
1485:
1482:
1479:
1476:
1464:
1461:
1458:
1455:
1452:
1449:
1437:
1434:
1431:
1428:
1412:
1409:
1406:
1403:
1387:
1384:
1381:
1378:
1364:
1361:
1358:
1355:
1341:
1338:
1335:
1332:
1329:
1326:
1303:
1300:
1297:
1294:
1291:
1288:
3047:
2857:"Amazon basin water resources observation service"
2721:. Among these are many that are important in the
1037:. Despite its high flow, the Rio Negro has a low
3354:
2811:
2317:29,518.2 m/s (1,042,430 cu ft/s)
2256:29,607.4 m/s (1,045,580 cu ft/s)
2175:29,615.7 m/s (1,045,870 cu ft/s)
2164:30,640.8 m/s (1,082,070 cu ft/s)
136:
3272:
3070:(in Portuguese), ISA: Instituto Socioambiental
2486:13,150.7 m/s (464,410 cu ft/s)
2435:16,611.9 m/s (586,640 cu ft/s)
2415:16,845.5 m/s (594,890 cu ft/s)
2366:19,545.2 m/s (690,230 cu ft/s)
2307:34,444 m/s (1,216,400 cu ft/s)
2246:28,400 m/s (1,000,000 cu ft/s)
2236:35,943 m/s (1,269,300 cu ft/s)
2226:34,573 m/s (1,220,900 cu ft/s)
1025:(accounting for about 14% of the water in the
3224:
2686:, its waters are similar in colour to strong
2626:5,065.1 m/s (178,870 cu ft/s)
2606:5,113.1 m/s (180,570 cu ft/s)
2555:8,244.8 m/s (291,160 cu ft/s)
2535:8,314.5 m/s (293,620 cu ft/s)
646:30,000 m/s (1,100,000 cu ft/s)
500:64,380 m/s (2,274,000 cu ft/s)
392:714,577.6 km (275,900.0 sq mi)
151:
2639:The river was named by the Spanish explorer
2425:18,082 m/s (638,600 cu ft/s)
1041:(5.76 million tonnes per year on average in
2616:4,940 m/s (174,000 cu ft/s)
2545:7,984 m/s (282,000 cu ft/s)
1150:joins the Rio Negro and in São Joaquim the
790:10,500 m/s (370,000 cu ft/s)
732:15,500 m/s (550,000 cu ft/s)
3266:
3041:
3039:
2777:
636:5,000 m/s (180,000 cu ft/s)
490:4,240 m/s (150,000 cu ft/s)
3133:
3131:
3129:
3127:
3125:
3123:
3121:
3119:
3117:
2896:
1033:in the world, and one of the world's ten
722:1,200 m/s (42,000 cu ft/s)
106:Sunset over the Rio Negro, upstream from
76:Learn how and when to remove this message
3225:Théry, Hervé; Maurence, Pascale (1997).
3085:
3083:
2665:
2654:
1165:
1052:
284:250 m (820 ft) (approximately)
39:This article includes a list of general
3185:
3036:
780:400 m/s (14,000 cu ft/s)
3355:
3306:. The Hague: SPB Academic Publishing.
3253:
3251:
3114:
3393:International rivers of South America
3080:
3002:
2925:Earth Surface Processes and Landforms
2836:from the original on 8 November 2014.
1229:, creating a phenomenon known as the
1004:
991:
3373:Rivers of Amazonas (Brazilian state)
3045:
2784:. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group.
2778:Tannenbaum, Frank (29 August 2012).
1236:
25:
3318:Environmental Biology of Fishes, 57
3248:
2885:Revista Brasileira de Geomorfologia
1035:largest rivers by average discharge
13:
3273:Staeck, W.; Schindler, I. (2015).
2815:The Inland waters of Latin America
2805:
2650:
45:it lacks sufficient corresponding
14:
3419:
2761:was filmed in Rio Negro in 2003.
121:Map showing the Rio Negro in the
3257:Hales, J., and P. Petry (2013).
1109:
1074:where the river is known as the
115:
100:
30:
3368:Tributaries of the Amazon River
3058:
1161:
1065:
3228:HYDROLOGIE DU BASSIN AMAZONIEN
3014:
2771:
326: • coordinates
240: • coordinates
1:
3296:
3212:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2011.04.037
2979:10.1016/J.JHYDROL.2005.12.006
2694:. The dark color comes from
384:2,250 km (1,400 mi)
202:Physical characteristics
16:Tributary of the Amazon River
3166:10.1016/j.hydrol.2005.03.023
3024:. Amazon Waters. 28 May 2014
2515:0.369946000°N 67.311943000°W
2466:0.134156000°S 67.093971000°W
2395:0.482631000°S 64.826847000°W
2346:0.983249000°S 62.858997000°W
2287:3.081468000°S 60.233467000°W
2125:
1048:
691:0.369946000°N 67.311943000°W
605:0.482631000°S 64.826847000°W
410:2,450 m (8,040 ft)
365: • elevation
280: • elevation
7:
2744:
2471:-0.134156000; -67.093971000
2400:-0.482631000; -64.826847000
2351:-0.983249000; -62.858997000
2292:-3.081468000; -60.233467000
2206:3.138714000°S 60.02764500°W
754: • location
668: • location
610:-0.482631000; -64.826847000
582: • location
522: • location
464: • location
306: • location
220: • location
10:
3424:
3186:Josyane, Ronchail (2011).
3096:. Jan 2019. Archived from
3054:. Santa Barbara: ABC Clio.
2709:Rio Negro has a very high
2634:
2586:1.187981000°S 66.8398500°W
2520:0.369946000; -67.311943000
2211:-3.138714000; -60.02764500
786: • maximum
776: • minimum
766: • average
728: • maximum
718: • minimum
708: • average
696:0.369946000; -67.311943000
642: • maximum
632: • minimum
622: • average
556: • maximum
546: • minimum
536: • average
496: • maximum
486: • minimum
476: • average
438: • maximum
424: • average
406: • average
21:Rio Negro (disambiguation)
18:
3388:Colombia–Venezuela border
2801:– via Google Books.
2591:-1.187981000; -66.8398500
2561:
2492:
2441:
2372:
2323:
2262:
2181:
2150:
2062:
1939:
1932:
1868:
1769:
1703:
1528:
1324:
1312:
1308:
1283:
1258:
1255:
1252:
1249:
1246:
1219:Anavilhanas National Park
1192:Santa Isabel do Rio Negro
1080:Puinawai National Reserve
909:
841:
833:
817:
803:
798:
794:
784:
774:
764:
752:
744:
740:
736:
726:
716:
706:
666:
658:
654:
650:
640:
630:
620:
580:
572:
568:
564:
554:
544:
534:
520:
512:
508:
504:
494:
484:
474:
462:
454:
450:
442:60 m (200 ft) (
436:
422:
414:
404:
396:
388:
373:
363:
324:
304:
292:
288:
278:
238:
218:
210:
206:
201:
175:
170:
129:
114:
99:
90:
3282:Bulletin of Fish Biology
2764:
2444:São Gabriel da Cachoeira
1156:Sao Gabriel da Cachoeira
911: • right
3330:Wallace, A. R. (1853).
2898:10.20502/rbg.v23i1.2076
1116:San Carlos de Río Negro
843: • left
60:more precise citations.
3403:Ramsar sites in Brazil
3046:Penn, James R (2001).
3003:Jamie, Towner (2019).
2690:, which is typical of
2675:
2663:
1208:Amazonas State, Brazil
1183:
1170:The confluence of the
1136:Amazonas State, Brazil
1062:
1001:
988:
152:
137:
2729:. As a result of the
2725:trade, including the
2669:
2658:
2641:Francisco de Orellana
1174:and the Rio Negro at
1169:
1084:Department of Guainía
1072:Department of Guainía
1057:Rio Negro watershed (
1056:
1006:[ˈri.oˈneɣɾo]
369:8 m (26 ft)
214:highlands of Colombia
3325:Arch. Hydrobiol., 50
3192:Journal of Hydrology
3158:Journal of Hydrology
3067:PARNA de Anavilhanas
2967:Journal of Hydrology
2758:Survivor: The Amazon
2749:The sixth season of
993:[ˈʁi.uneɡɾu]
348:3.13333°S 59.90833°W
262:1.94722°N 70.03194°W
19:For other uses, see
3378:Rivers of Venezuela
3337:Wright, R. (2005).
3204:2011JHyd..404..304G
2719:undescribed species
2582: /
2511: /
2462: /
2391: /
2342: /
2283: /
2202: /
799:Basin features
687: /
601: /
353:-3.13333; -59.90833
344: /
258: /
3383:Rivers of Colombia
3363:Rio Negro (Amazon)
2704:Indigenous peoples
2702:did not find many
2676:
2672:Victoria amazonica
2664:
2153:Encontro das Águas
1259:Average discharge
1184:
1063:
267:1.94722; -70.03194
225:Guainía Department
2781:TEN KEYS LAT AMER
2692:blackwater rivers
2632:
2631:
2132:Average discharge
2123:
2122:
1237:Major tributaries
1231:Meeting of Waters
977:
976:
86:
85:
78:
3415:
3334:. London: Reeve.
3290:
3289:
3279:
3270:
3264:
3255:
3246:
3245:
3233:
3222:
3216:
3215:
3198:(3–4): 304–322.
3183:
3170:
3169:
3149:
3143:
3142:
3135:
3112:
3111:
3109:
3108:
3102:
3095:
3087:
3078:
3077:
3076:
3075:
3062:
3056:
3055:
3053:
3043:
3034:
3033:
3031:
3029:
3018:
3012:
3011:
3009:
3000:
2983:
2982:
2973:(3–4): 481–496.
2958:
2941:
2940:
2937:10.1002/esp.5306
2931:(4): 1108–1123.
2916:
2903:
2902:
2900:
2876:
2861:
2860:
2853:
2838:
2837:
2809:
2803:
2802:
2800:
2798:
2775:
2731:Casiquiare canal
2711:species richness
2597:
2596:
2594:
2593:
2592:
2587:
2583:
2580:
2579:
2578:
2575:
2526:
2525:
2523:
2522:
2521:
2516:
2512:
2509:
2508:
2507:
2504:
2477:
2476:
2474:
2473:
2472:
2467:
2463:
2460:
2459:
2458:
2455:
2406:
2405:
2403:
2402:
2401:
2396:
2392:
2389:
2388:
2387:
2384:
2357:
2356:
2354:
2353:
2352:
2347:
2343:
2340:
2339:
2338:
2335:
2298:
2297:
2295:
2294:
2293:
2288:
2284:
2281:
2280:
2279:
2276:
2217:
2216:
2214:
2213:
2212:
2207:
2203:
2200:
2199:
2198:
2195:
2137:
2136:
1934:Middle Rio Negro
1250:Right tributary
1244:
1243:
1144:Missão Boa Vista
1138:. After passing
1124:Piedra del Cocuy
1096:Casiquiare canal
1086:and Venezuela's
1031:blackwater river
1008:
995:
912:
844:
822:
787:
777:
767:
755:
729:
719:
709:
702:
701:
699:
698:
697:
692:
688:
685:
684:
683:
680:
669:
643:
633:
623:
616:
615:
613:
612:
611:
606:
602:
599:
598:
597:
594:
583:
557:
547:
537:
523:
497:
487:
477:
465:
439:
425:
407:
359:
358:
356:
355:
354:
349:
345:
342:
341:
340:
337:
281:
273:
272:
270:
269:
268:
263:
259:
256:
255:
254:
251:
241:
221:
163:
155:
148:
140:
119:
104:
88:
87:
81:
74:
70:
67:
61:
56:this article by
47:inline citations
34:
33:
26:
3423:
3422:
3418:
3417:
3416:
3414:
3413:
3412:
3353:
3352:
3299:
3294:
3293:
3288:(1–2): 121–136.
3277:
3271:
3267:
3256:
3249:
3242:
3231:
3223:
3219:
3184:
3173:
3150:
3146:
3137:
3136:
3115:
3106:
3104:
3100:
3093:
3089:
3088:
3081:
3073:
3071:
3063:
3059:
3044:
3037:
3027:
3025:
3020:
3019:
3015:
3007:
3001:
2986:
2959:
2944:
2917:
2906:
2877:
2864:
2855:
2854:
2841:
2830:
2810:
2806:
2796:
2794:
2792:
2776:
2772:
2767:
2747:
2678:While the name
2659:Rio Negro near
2653:
2651:Fauna and flora
2645:Native American
2637:
2590:
2588:
2584:
2581:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2569:
2568:
2519:
2517:
2513:
2510:
2506:67°18′42.9948″W
2505:
2502:
2500:
2498:
2497:
2470:
2468:
2464:
2461:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2449:
2448:
2399:
2397:
2393:
2390:
2386:64°49′36.6492″W
2385:
2382:
2380:
2378:
2377:
2350:
2348:
2344:
2341:
2337:62°51′32.3892″W
2336:
2333:
2331:
2329:
2328:
2291:
2289:
2285:
2282:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2270:
2269:
2210:
2208:
2204:
2201:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2189:
2188:
2128:
2064:Upper Rio Negro
1889:Igarapé Inambu
1653:Igarapé Adairá
1314:Lower Rio Negro
1247:Left tributary
1239:
1164:
1112:
1068:
1059:Interactive map
1051:
1029:), the largest
918:(Upper Negro),
910:
842:
818:
785:
775:
765:
753:
727:
717:
707:
695:
693:
689:
686:
682:67°18′42.9948″W
681:
678:
676:
674:
673:
667:
641:
631:
621:
609:
607:
603:
600:
596:64°49′36.6492″W
595:
592:
590:
588:
587:
581:
555:
545:
535:
521:
495:
485:
475:
463:
437:
423:
405:
366:
352:
350:
346:
343:
338:
335:
333:
331:
330:
327:
307:
279:
274:(approximately)
266:
264:
260:
257:
252:
249:
247:
245:
244:
239:
219:
197:
166:
157:
142:
125:
110:
95:
92:
82:
71:
65:
62:
52:Please help to
51:
35:
31:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3421:
3411:
3410:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3385:
3380:
3375:
3370:
3365:
3351:
3350:
3335:
3328:
3321:
3314:
3298:
3295:
3292:
3291:
3265:
3247:
3240:
3217:
3171:
3144:
3113:
3079:
3057:
3035:
3013:
2984:
2942:
2904:
2862:
2839:
2828:
2804:
2790:
2769:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2746:
2743:
2727:cardinal tetra
2652:
2649:
2636:
2633:
2630:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2620:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2610:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2600:
2599:
2574:1°11′16.7316″S
2559:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2549:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2539:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2529:
2528:
2503:0°22′11.8056″N
2490:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2480:
2479:
2457:67°5′38.2956″W
2439:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2429:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2419:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2409:
2408:
2383:0°28′57.4716″S
2370:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2360:
2359:
2334:0°58′59.6964″S
2321:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2311:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2301:
2300:
2278:60°14′0.4812″W
2260:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2250:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2240:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2230:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2220:
2219:
2179:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2169:
2168:
2166:
2161:
2157:
2156:
2148:
2147:
2144:
2141:
2127:
2124:
2121:
2120:
2117:
2114:
2111:
2108:
2105:
2102:
2097:
2094:
2093:
2090:
2087:
2084:
2081:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2067:
2066:
2060:
2059:
2056:
2053:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2043:
2037:
2036:
2033:
2030:
2027:
2024:
2021:
2018:
2012:
2011:
2008:
2005:
2002:
1999:
1996:
1993:
1987:
1986:
1983:
1980:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1970:
1964:
1963:
1960:
1957:
1954:
1951:
1948:
1945:
1940:
1937:
1936:
1930:
1929:
1926:
1923:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1913:
1907:
1906:
1903:
1900:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1890:
1886:
1885:
1882:
1879:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1869:
1867:
1861:
1860:
1857:
1854:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1844:
1838:
1837:
1834:
1831:
1828:
1825:
1823:
1821:
1815:
1814:
1811:
1808:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1798:
1794:
1793:
1790:
1787:
1784:
1781:
1778:
1775:
1770:
1767:
1766:
1763:
1760:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1750:
1744:
1743:
1740:
1737:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1727:
1721:
1720:
1717:
1714:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1704:
1702:
1698:
1697:
1694:
1691:
1688:
1685:
1683:
1681:
1676:
1673:
1672:
1669:
1666:
1663:
1660:
1658:
1656:
1654:
1650:
1649:
1646:
1643:
1640:
1637:
1634:
1631:
1626:
1623:
1622:
1619:
1616:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1606:
1604:
1598:
1597:
1594:
1591:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1581:
1576:
1573:
1572:
1569:
1566:
1563:
1560:
1557:
1554:
1548:
1547:
1544:
1541:
1538:
1535:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1521:
1520:
1517:
1514:
1511:
1508:
1505:
1502:
1497:
1494:
1493:
1490:
1487:
1484:
1481:
1478:
1475:
1473:
1467:
1466:
1463:
1460:
1457:
1454:
1451:
1448:
1443:
1440:
1439:
1436:
1433:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1423:
1421:
1415:
1414:
1411:
1408:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1398:
1393:
1390:
1389:
1386:
1383:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1373:
1367:
1366:
1363:
1360:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1350:
1344:
1343:
1340:
1337:
1334:
1331:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1317:
1316:
1310:
1309:
1306:
1305:
1302:
1299:
1296:
1293:
1290:
1287:
1281:
1280:
1277:
1274:
1271:
1268:
1265:
1261:
1260:
1257:
1254:
1251:
1248:
1238:
1235:
1223:Solimões River
1163:
1160:
1111:
1108:
1088:Amazonas State
1067:
1064:
1050:
1047:
975:
974:
913:
907:
906:
845:
839:
838:
835:
831:
830:
823:
815:
814:
812:Atlantic Ocean
805:
801:
800:
796:
795:
792:
791:
788:
782:
781:
778:
772:
771:
768:
762:
761:
756:
750:
749:
746:
742:
741:
738:
737:
734:
733:
730:
724:
723:
720:
714:
713:
710:
704:
703:
679:0°22′11.8056″N
670:
664:
663:
660:
656:
655:
652:
651:
648:
647:
644:
638:
637:
634:
628:
627:
624:
618:
617:
593:0°28′57.4716″S
584:
578:
577:
574:
570:
569:
566:
565:
562:
561:
558:
552:
551:
548:
542:
541:
538:
532:
531:
524:
518:
517:
514:
510:
509:
506:
505:
502:
501:
498:
492:
491:
488:
482:
481:
478:
472:
471:
466:
460:
459:
456:
452:
451:
448:
447:
440:
434:
433:
426:
420:
419:
416:
412:
411:
408:
402:
401:
398:
394:
393:
390:
386:
385:
375:
371:
370:
367:
364:
361:
360:
328:
325:
322:
321:
315:Amazonas State
308:
305:
302:
301:
296:
290:
289:
286:
285:
282:
276:
275:
242:
236:
235:
222:
216:
215:
212:
208:
207:
204:
203:
199:
198:
196:
195:
190:
185:
179:
177:
173:
172:
168:
167:
165:
164:
149:
133:
131:
127:
126:
120:
112:
111:
105:
97:
96:
93:
84:
83:
38:
36:
29:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3420:
3409:
3408:Border rivers
3406:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3384:
3381:
3379:
3376:
3374:
3371:
3369:
3366:
3364:
3361:
3360:
3358:
3348:
3347:85-7591-042-6
3344:
3340:
3336:
3333:
3329:
3326:
3322:
3320:(3), 235–250.
3319:
3315:
3313:
3312:90-5103-016-9
3309:
3305:
3301:
3300:
3287:
3283:
3276:
3269:
3262:
3261:
3254:
3252:
3243:
3241:2-7011-1532-9
3237:
3230:
3229:
3221:
3213:
3209:
3205:
3201:
3197:
3193:
3189:
3182:
3180:
3178:
3176:
3167:
3163:
3159:
3155:
3148:
3140:
3134:
3132:
3130:
3128:
3126:
3124:
3122:
3120:
3118:
3103:on 2021-05-06
3099:
3092:
3086:
3084:
3069:
3068:
3061:
3052:
3051:
3042:
3040:
3023:
3017:
3006:
2999:
2997:
2995:
2993:
2991:
2989:
2980:
2976:
2972:
2968:
2964:
2957:
2955:
2953:
2951:
2949:
2947:
2938:
2934:
2930:
2926:
2922:
2915:
2913:
2911:
2909:
2899:
2894:
2890:
2886:
2882:
2875:
2873:
2871:
2869:
2867:
2858:
2852:
2850:
2848:
2846:
2844:
2835:
2831:
2829:92-5-000780-9
2825:
2821:
2817:
2816:
2808:
2793:
2791:9780307826565
2787:
2783:
2782:
2774:
2770:
2762:
2760:
2759:
2754:
2753:
2742:
2740:
2736:
2732:
2728:
2724:
2720:
2716:
2712:
2707:
2705:
2699:
2697:
2693:
2689:
2685:
2681:
2674:
2673:
2668:
2662:
2657:
2648:
2646:
2642:
2628:
2625:
2622:
2621:
2618:
2615:
2612:
2611:
2608:
2605:
2602:
2601:
2598:
2595:
2577:66°50′23.46″W
2566:
2565:
2560:
2557:
2554:
2551:
2550:
2547:
2544:
2541:
2540:
2537:
2534:
2531:
2530:
2527:
2524:
2495:
2491:
2488:
2485:
2482:
2481:
2478:
2475:
2446:
2445:
2440:
2437:
2434:
2431:
2430:
2427:
2424:
2421:
2420:
2417:
2414:
2411:
2410:
2407:
2404:
2375:
2371:
2368:
2365:
2362:
2361:
2358:
2355:
2326:
2322:
2319:
2316:
2313:
2312:
2309:
2306:
2303:
2302:
2299:
2296:
2275:3°4′53.2848″S
2267:
2266:
2261:
2258:
2255:
2252:
2251:
2248:
2245:
2242:
2241:
2238:
2235:
2232:
2231:
2228:
2225:
2222:
2221:
2218:
2215:
2197:60°1′39.522″W
2194:3°8′19.3704″S
2186:
2185:
2180:
2177:
2174:
2171:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2162:
2159:
2158:
2155:
2154:
2149:
2145:
2142:
2139:
2138:
2135:
2134:
2133:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2095:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2068:
2065:
2061:
2046:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2038:
2017:
2014:
2013:
1992:
1989:
1988:
1973:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1965:
1944:
1941:
1938:
1935:
1931:
1916:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1908:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1887:
1872:
1870:
1866:
1863:
1862:
1847:
1845:
1843:
1840:
1839:
1824:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1816:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1795:
1774:
1771:
1768:
1753:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1745:
1730:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1722:
1707:
1705:
1700:
1699:
1684:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1675:
1674:
1659:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1651:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1624:
1609:
1607:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1599:
1584:
1582:
1580:
1577:
1575:
1574:
1553:
1550:
1549:
1526:
1523:
1522:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1495:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1468:
1447:
1444:
1442:
1441:
1426:
1424:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1416:
1401:
1399:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1391:
1376:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1368:
1353:
1351:
1349:
1346:
1345:
1322:
1319:
1318:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1275:
1272:
1269:
1266:
1263:
1262:
1245:
1242:
1234:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1215:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1194:. During the
1193:
1189:
1181:
1177:
1173:
1168:
1159:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1128:Guyana Shield
1125:
1121:
1117:
1110:Middle course
1107:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1076:Guainía River
1073:
1060:
1055:
1046:
1044:
1040:
1039:sediment load
1036:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1007:
1003:
999:
994:
990:
986:
982:
973:
969:
965:
961:
957:
953:
949:
945:
941:
937:
933:
929:
925:
921:
917:
914:
908:
905:
901:
897:
893:
889:
885:
881:
877:
873:
869:
865:
861:
857:
853:
849:
846:
840:
836:
832:
829:
828:
824:
821:
816:
813:
809:
806:
802:
797:
793:
789:
783:
779:
773:
769:
763:
760:
757:
751:
747:
743:
739:
735:
731:
725:
721:
715:
711:
705:
700:
671:
665:
661:
657:
653:
649:
645:
639:
635:
629:
625:
619:
614:
585:
579:
575:
571:
567:
563:
559:
553:
549:
543:
539:
533:
529:
525:
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
493:
489:
483:
479:
473:
470:
467:
461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
435:
431:
427:
421:
417:
413:
409:
403:
399:
395:
391:
387:
383:
379:
376:
372:
368:
362:
357:
329:
323:
320:
316:
312:
309:
303:
300:
297:
295:
291:
287:
283:
277:
271:
243:
237:
234:
230:
229:Amazon region
226:
223:
217:
213:
209:
205:
200:
194:
191:
189:
186:
184:
181:
180:
178:
174:
169:
161:
154:
150:
146:
139:
135:
134:
132:
128:
124:
118:
113:
109:
103:
98:
94:Guainía River
89:
80:
77:
69:
59:
55:
49:
48:
42:
37:
28:
27:
22:
3398:Amazon basin
3338:
3331:
3324:
3317:
3303:
3285:
3281:
3268:
3258:
3227:
3220:
3195:
3191:
3157:
3147:
3105:. Retrieved
3098:the original
3072:, retrieved
3066:
3060:
3049:
3026:. Retrieved
3016:
2970:
2966:
2928:
2924:
2888:
2884:
2814:
2807:
2795:. Retrieved
2780:
2773:
2756:
2750:
2748:
2717:and several
2708:
2700:
2683:
2679:
2677:
2670:
2638:
2567:
2562:
2496:
2493:
2454:0°8′2.9616″S
2447:
2442:
2376:
2373:
2327:
2324:
2268:
2263:
2187:
2182:
2163:
2151:
2131:
2130:
2129:
2063:
1933:
1313:
1284:
1240:
1227:Amazon River
1225:to form the
1216:
1200:Branco River
1185:
1172:Amazon River
1162:Lower course
1152:Uaupes River
1113:
1103:
1075:
1069:
1066:Upper course
1027:Amazon basin
1023:Amazon River
1014:
1010:
980:
978:
900:Tarumã Mirim
827:Amazon River
825:
820:River system
672:São Felipe,
526:Paricatuba (
377:
299:Amazon River
123:Amazon Basin
72:
66:January 2010
63:
44:
3160:: 167-182.
2684:Black River
2589: /
2518: /
2469: /
2398: /
2349: /
2290: /
2209: /
1968:Curicuriari
1256:Basin size
1188:Marié River
1148:Içana River
1130:. Here the
1011:Black River
932:Curicuriari
834:Tributaries
804:Progression
694: /
608: /
528:Anavilhanas
351: /
265: /
130:Native name
58:introducing
3357:Categories
3327:(1), 1-32.
3297:References
3107:2021-10-03
3074:2016-04-30
3028:10 October
2739:whitewater
2696:humic acid
2623:1971–2000
2613:1980–2006
2603:1997–2014
2552:1971–2000
2542:1980–2006
2532:1997–2014
2494:São Felipe
2483:1971–2000
2432:1971–2000
2422:1980–2006
2412:1997–2015
2363:1971–2000
2314:1971–2000
2304:2008–2019
2265:Paricatuba
2253:1971–2000
2243:1973–1992
2233:1980–2006
2223:2015–2019
2172:1971–2000
2160:1979–2015
2143:Discharge
2071:Casiquiare
1537:190,789.2
1321:Taruma-Açu
1304:1,082,070
1196:wet season
1186:After the
1120:San Felipe
985:Portuguese
946:, Aiuanã,
904:Tarumã Açu
848:Casiquiare
586:Serrinha,
389:Basin size
339:59°54′30″W
145:Portuguese
41:references
3260:Rio Negro
2680:Rio Negro
2126:Discharge
2113:11,158.2
2110:28,899.5
2029:13,774.3
2026:35,675.3
2004:24,853.6
2001:64,370.4
1976:14,202.2
1919:12,139.3
1827:12,474.7
1639:11,776.1
1615:15,355.1
1612:39,769.6
1562:12,590.5
1540:73,664.1
1486:15,375.9
1483:39,823.5
1456:18,896.6
1429:11,832.2
1301:30,640.8
1285:Rio Negro
1104:Rio Negro
1049:Geography
1019:tributary
1002:Río Negro
989:Rio Negro
981:Rio Negro
745:Discharge
659:Discharge
573:Discharge
513:Discharge
455:Discharge
378:Rio Negro
336:3°08′00″S
253:70°1′55″W
250:1°56′50″N
188:Venezuela
176:Countries
153:Río Negro
138:Rio Negro
91:Rio Negro
3139:"Amazon"
3022:"Waters"
2834:Archived
2752:Survivor
2745:In media
2723:aquarium
2715:endemics
2374:Serrinha
2325:Barcelos
2116:2,432.7
2089:2,575.8
2032:2,278.9
2010:153,440
2007:4,344.9
1979:5,483.5
1959:1,226.8
1922:4,687.0
1911:Cauaburi
1899:1,783.3
1896:4,618.8
1853:2,457.9
1850:6,365.9
1830:4,816.5
1807:1,772.5
1804:4,590.7
1786:2,647.1
1783:6,855.9
1759:1,178.9
1756:3,053.3
1725:Padauari
1665:1,272.2
1662:3,294.9
1642:4,546.8
1618:1,357.9
1590:2,831.0
1587:7,332.3
1565:4,861.2
1546:190,000
1516:1,501.4
1489:1,336.8
1471:Jauaperi
1459:7,296.0
1432:4,568.4
1407:1,317.2
1404:3,411.5
1382:1,466.8
1379:3,799.1
1348:Cuieiras
1298:277,691
1295:719,216
1279:cu ft/s
1132:Tripoint
896:Cuieiras
888:Baependi
880:Jauaperi
864:Padauari
860:Macucuaú
852:Cauaburi
233:Colombia
183:Colombia
171:Location
3200:Bibcode
2797:9 April
2635:History
2140:Period
2119:85,910
2100:Guainía
2092:90,960
2086:16,401
2083:42,478
2058:17,240
2035:80,480
1985:32,380
1962:43,320
1953:25,378
1928:15,640
1865:Marauiá
1836:17,240
1819:Uneiuxi
1797:Aiuanã
1792:11,000
1773:Urubaxi
1742:21,430
1733:17,384
1679:Ararirá
1648:17,360
1621:47,950
1596:10,500
1579:Cauarés
1571:15,770
1519:53,020
1513:10,592
1510:27,433
1492:47,210
1465:30,700
1438:14,400
1419:Camanaú
1396:Puduari
1253:Length
1204:Roraima
1100:Orinoco
1021:of the
1015:Guainía
1013:"), or
998:Spanish
972:Puduari
952:Ararirá
948:Urubaxi
944:Uneiuxi
916:Guainía
884:Camanaú
856:Marauiá
382:Guainía
160:Spanish
54:improve
3345:
3310:
3238:
2826:
2788:
2735:clear-
2682:means
2661:Manaus
2184:Manaus
2055:488.1
2052:3,175
2049:8,222
1995:1,375
1991:Uaupés
1982:916.8
1956:9,799
1925:442.9
1905:4,970
1902:140.6
1884:9,020
1881:255.3
1878:2,592
1875:6,712
1859:7,110
1856:201.4
1833:488.3
1813:6,540
1810:185.2
1789:311.6
1765:4,060
1762:114.9
1739:606.8
1736:6,712
1719:4,090
1716:115.7
1713:1,255
1710:3,251
1701:Ererê
1696:4,050
1693:114.6
1690:1,322
1687:3,425
1671:3,570
1668:101.1
1645:491.6
1629:Cuiuni
1602:Demini
1568:446.6
1552:Jufari
1543:5,400
1531:1,430
1525:Branco
1462:869.2
1413:4,540
1410:128.6
1388:5,420
1385:153.6
1365:5,090
1362:144.2
1359:1,329
1356:3,441
1342:1,850
1333:1,372
1292:1,468
1289:2,362
1273:sq mi
1212:Manaus
1180:Brazil
1176:Manaus
1043:Manaus
960:Caurés
956:Cuiuni
928:Uaupés
876:Branco
872:Jufari
868:Demini
837:
808:Amazon
748:
662:
576:
516:
469:Manaus
458:
444:Manaus
430:Manaus
418:
400:
374:Length
319:Brazil
311:Manaus
211:Source
193:Brazil
156:
141:
108:Manaus
43:, but
3278:(PDF)
3232:(PDF)
3101:(PDF)
3094:(PDF)
3008:(PDF)
2765:Notes
2564:Cucuí
2146:Ref.
2016:Içana
1943:Marié
1748:Daraá
1500:Unini
1371:Apuaú
1339:52.3
1140:Cucuí
1092:Maroa
964:Unini
936:Marié
924:Içana
892:Apuaú
759:Cucuí
415:Depth
397:Width
294:Mouth
3343:ISBN
3308:ISBN
3236:ISBN
3030:2017
2824:ISBN
2799:2018
2786:ISBN
2107:383
2104:617
2080:220
2077:354
2023:432
2020:696
1998:854
1950:500
1947:800
1780:160
1777:250
1636:250
1633:400
1593:296
1559:193
1556:311
1534:890
1507:330
1504:530
1480:344
1477:554
1453:250
1450:400
1435:408
1336:530
1327:139
1217:The
1206:and
1146:the
979:The
3208:doi
3196:404
3162:doi
2975:doi
2971:328
2933:doi
2893:doi
2737:to
2688:tea
2041:Xié
1842:Teá
1446:Jaú
1330:86
1276:m/s
1267:mi
1045:).
968:Jaú
940:Tea
920:Xié
3359::
3286:15
3284:.
3280:.
3250:^
3234:.
3206:.
3194:.
3190:.
3174:^
3156:.
3116:^
3082:^
3038:^
2987:^
2969:.
2965:.
2945:^
2929:47
2927:.
2923:.
2907:^
2891:.
2889:23
2887:.
2883:.
2865:^
2842:^
2832:.
2822:.
2818:.
2755:,
1270:km
1264:km
1233:.
1214:.
1178:,
1106:.
1000::
996:;
987::
970:,
966:,
962:,
958:,
954:,
950:,
942:,
938:,
934:,
930:,
926:,
922:,
902:,
898:,
894:,
890:,
886:,
882:,
878:,
874:,
870:,
866:,
862:,
858:,
854:,
850:,
810:→
317:,
313:,
231:,
227:,
3349:.
3244:.
3214:.
3210::
3202::
3168:.
3164::
3141:.
3110:.
3032:.
3010:.
2981:.
2977::
2939:.
2935::
2901:.
2895::
2859:.
1182:.
1061:)
1009:"
983:(
530:)
446:)
432:)
380:–
162:)
158:(
147:)
143:(
79:)
73:(
68:)
64:(
50:.
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
