1648:
568:
852:
868:
733:
748:
599:
691:
420:
672:
884:
552:
167:
760:
637:
623:
2977:
7210:
912:
653:
826:
896:
2988:
1339:
583:
1331:
310:
7221:
4701:
3375:
802:
537:
1241:
7261:
1308:
721:
7241:
1319:
7251:
814:
7231:
2965:
7198:
4690:
1843:
209:
47:
329:, who was known more commonly in 16th and 17th century England as a comfitmaker. Reflecting their original medicinal purpose, however, comfits were also produced by apothecaries and directions on how to make them appear in dispensatories as well as cookery texts. An early medieval Latin name for an apothecary was
1283:(NAICS 2012) splits sugar confectionery across three categories: National industry code 311340 for all non-chocolate confectionery manufacturing, 311351 for chocolate and confectionery manufacturing from cacao beans, and national industry 311352 for confectionery manufacturing from purchased chocolate.
1623:
is largely determined by the amount of water present in the candy and the storage conditions. High-sugar candies, such as boiled candies, can have a shelf life of many years if kept covered in a dry environment. Spoilage of low-moisture candies tends to involve a loss of shape, color, texture, and
465:
The definition of which foods are "confectionery" vs "bread" can vary based on cultures and laws. In
Ireland, the definition of "bread" as a "staple food" for tax purposes requires that the sugar or fat content be no more than 2% of the weight of the flour, so some products sold as bread in the US
320:
As the non-medicinal applications of sugar developed, the comfitmaker, or confectioner gradually came into being as a separate trade. In the late medieval period the words confyt, comfect or cumfitt were generic terms for all kinds of sweetmeats made from fruits, roots, or flowers preserved with
279:
In the early history of sugar usage in Europe, it was initially the apothecary who had the most important role in the production of sugar-based preparations. Medieval
European physicians learned the medicinal uses of the material from the Arabs and Byzantine Greeks. One Middle Eastern remedy for
612:
is a large and diverse category of baked goods, united by the flour-based doughs used as the base for the product. These doughs are not always sweet, and the sweetness may come from the sugar, fruit, chocolate, cream, or other fillings that are added to the finished confection. Pastries can be
1632:, which results in the transfer of unwanted water from a high-moisture environment into a low-moisture candy, rendering it rubbery, or the loss of desirable water from a high-moisture candy into a dry environment, rendering the candy dry and brittle.
1627:
Candies spoil more quickly if they have different amounts of water in different parts of the candy (for example, a candy that combines marshmallow and nougat), or if they are stored in high-moisture environments. This process is due to the effects of
200:", thus in the sense of "things made or sold by a confectioner". Also according to the OED, the sense of "the art and business of a confectioner" is first recorded in 1743, and the earliest use in the sense of a "confectioner's shop" dates to 1803.
1611:: A confection made by caramelizing sugar or molasses along with butter. Toffee has a glossy surface and textures ranging from soft and sticky to a hard, brittle material. Its brown color and smoky taste arise from the caramelization of the sugars.
2713:, eldest son of John Cadbury who founded the now iconic brand, was the first chocolate-maker to commercialize the association between confectionery and romance, producing a heart-shaped box of chocolates for Valentine's Day in 1868
1268:(ISIC) scheme (revision 4) classifies both chocolate and sugar confectionery as ISIC 1073, which includes the manufacture of chocolate and chocolate confectionery; sugar confectionery proper (caramels, cachous, nougats, fondant,
154:(sugar worker). The confectionery industry also includes specialized training schools and extensive historical records. Traditional confectionery goes back to ancient times and continued to be eaten through the
342:
diverse cosmopolitan cultural influences were reflected in published recipes such as
European-style molded jellies flavored with cordials. In Europe, Ottoman confections (especially "lumps of delight" (
1273:
1265:
220:
or sweets. Sugar and desserts have a long history in India: by about 500 BCE, people in India had developed the technology to produce sugar crystals. In the local language, these crystals were called
1831:
and was once banned in
Austria, Germany, and Norway. Some countries such as the UK have asked the food industry to phase out the use of these colorants, especially for products marketed to children.
1721:
commonly eat confections as part of their travels. The indulgence in rich, sugary foods is seen as a special treat, and choosing local specialties is popular. For example, visitors to Vienna eat
2402:
851:
2697:
1591:: A crumbly milk-based soft and hard candy, based on sugars cooked to the soft ball stage. Comes in several forms, such as wafers and heart shapes. Not to be confused with
567:
690:
1647:
348:
399:, which is sweeter and is also a common commercial ingredient. Finally, confections, especially commercial ones, are sweetened by a variety of syrups obtained by
321:
sugar. By the 16th century, a cumfit was more specifically a seed, nut or small piece of spice enclosed in a round or ovoid mass of sugar. The production of
2594:
2572:
2542:
1605:): A sugar confection that is folded many times above 120 °F (50 °C), incorporating air bubbles thus reducing its density and making it opaque.
842:
are small, sweet baked treats. They originated as small cakes, and some traditional cookies have a soft, cake-like texture. Others are crisp or hard.
636:
1034:, although this term generally refers to a specific range of confectionery and does not include some items of sugar confectionery (e.g. ice cream).
867:
732:
2766:
2394:
375:
Confections are defined by the presence of sweeteners. These are usually sugars, but it is possible to buy sugar-free candies, such as sugar-free
1585:: A thick sugar paste made with gelatin, water, and confectioner's sugar, similar to gum paste, which is moulded into shapes, which then harden.
1280:
2074:
2183:
73:
although exact definitions are difficult. In general, however, confections are divided into two broad and somewhat overlapping categories:
551:
6924:
7050:
335:, and it was in this sort of sugar work that the activities of the two trades overlapped and that the word "confectionery" originated.
4986:
2483:
598:
883:
298:. These became known in England as alphenics, or more commonly as penidia, penids, pennet or pan sugar. They were the precursors of
264:, made contact with the Indian subcontinent and its "reeds that produce honey without bees". They adopted and then spread sugar and
2512:
326:
6186:
1711:) was the first to commercialize the connection between romance and confectionery, producing a heart-shaped box of chocolates for
5187:
4956:
2681:
1272:), chewing gum, preserving fruit, nuts, fruit peels, and making confectionery lozenges and pastilles. In the European Union, the
671:
2857:
2349:
Terry
Richardson, Geert Andersen, "Confectionery" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 2005 Wiley-VCH, Weinheim.
2271:
119:(confections made of chocolate) are treated as a separate category, as are sugar-free versions of sugar confections. The words
2846:
652:
582:
7004:
4981:
2909:
2867:
2318:
2115:
2021:
503:, were rich yeast breads. The variety of styles and presentations extends from simple to elaborate. Major categories include
7254:
1652:
1624:
flavor, rather than the growth of dangerous microbes. Impermeable packaging can reduce spoilage due to storage conditions.
895:
2992:
213:
17:
1808:
in confectionery can be particularly harmful to children. Therefore, confectionery contaminants, such as high levels of
1765:, although some confections, especially fried doughs and chocolate, are high-fat foods. Many confections are considered
759:
316:. Sugar-coated nuts or spices for non-medicinal purposes marked the beginning of confectionery in late medieval England.
6622:
4737:
2254:
2237:
747:
346:) became very fashionable among European and British high society. An important study of Ottoman confectionery called
6724:
2890:
2738:
2691:
2467:
2434:
2377:
2167:
2142:
2054:
1991:
1964:
7014:
4814:
4802:
3086:
1871:
1774:
3890:
3410:
3111:
3022:
256:
to coat fruits and flowers to preserve them or to create sweetmeats. Between the 6th and 4th centuries BCE, the
5073:
2602:
2580:
2550:
6899:
6884:
5450:
3362:
2623:
Margaret McWilliams. (2006) Nutrition and
Dietetics Eighth edition edn. Prentice Hall: Pearson Education Inc.
536:
6904:
6790:
5336:
3106:
3096:
1666:
7098:
6934:
6919:
6856:
6754:
6385:
1573:, typically made from dairy products and/or some form of flour. Sugar or molasses are used as sweeteners.
2980:
2754:
6999:
6909:
6548:
6518:
5306:
3352:
3212:
2762:
483:
155:
1432:: Made by boiling milk and sugar to the soft-ball stage. In the US, it tends to be chocolate-flavored.
6914:
6874:
6600:
6558:
6553:
6528:
6074:
4971:
4861:
2214:
George Watt (1893), The
Economic Products of India, W.H. Allen & Co., Vol 6, Part II, pages 29â30
1931:
1793:
1528:
7234:
6994:
6949:
6864:
6699:
6677:
6662:
6652:
6637:
6605:
6538:
6533:
6513:
5445:
4856:
4851:
4775:
3600:
3504:
3265:
1387:
825:
7108:
6812:
6672:
6657:
6647:
6523:
6471:
6425:
5462:
5118:
5098:
4782:
2085:
971:
955:
confections are treated as a separate category, as are sugar-free versions of sugar confections.
2190:
2134:
Confectionery
Products Handbook (Chocolate, Toffees, Chewing Gum & Sugar Free Confectionery)
7285:
6929:
6780:
6667:
6580:
6211:
5393:
5113:
4961:
4891:
4881:
4834:
4797:
4792:
4730:
4522:
4322:
4013:
3207:
1734:
1588:
1566:
1518:
781:
622:
2726:
2638:
Ergun R, Lietha R, Hartel RW (February 2010). "Moisture and shelf life in sugar confections".
2491:
2459:
2424:
2367:
2046:
1981:
1954:
813:
720:
6879:
6869:
6785:
6682:
6570:
6236:
6191:
5907:
5897:
5761:
5627:
5562:
5522:
5316:
4886:
4819:
3765:
3635:
3615:
2969:
1770:
785:
178:
is by
Richard Jonas in 1540, who spelled or misspelled it as "confection nere" in a passage "
5984:
5388:
2451:
2038:
232:
Before sugar was readily available in the ancient western world, confectionery was based on
7067:
7062:
7045:
6964:
6807:
6734:
6615:
6610:
6595:
6543:
6281:
6171:
5845:
5840:
5632:
5108:
4976:
4770:
4492:
4297:
4063:
3813:
3803:
3755:
3139:
3101:
3091:
1898:
1827:, have many restrictions around the world. Tartrazine, for example, can cause allergic and
801:
430:
Bakers' confectionery includes sweet baked goods, especially those that are served for the
166:
3938:
111:, in many English-speaking countries), candied nuts, chocolates, chewing gum, bubble gum,
8:
7264:
6313:
6216:
6206:
6181:
6064:
6024:
5994:
5964:
5959:
5781:
5771:
5366:
5289:
5165:
5033:
5023:
4966:
4829:
4307:
4221:
4153:
4058:
3585:
3489:
3403:
3045:
3015:
1861:
1820:
1570:
1006:
700:
356:
269:
7240:
4604:
2920:
2520:
192:
7077:
6944:
6824:
6440:
6420:
6415:
6303:
6271:
6246:
6196:
6176:
6124:
6094:
6079:
6069:
6029:
6004:
5937:
5912:
5902:
5882:
5766:
5751:
5741:
5639:
5597:
5572:
5547:
5502:
5457:
5383:
5321:
5296:
5093:
5043:
5013:
4951:
4941:
4936:
4594:
4108:
3885:
3875:
3575:
3134:
3129:
2663:
2104:
1754:
1712:
1536:
1002:
3828:
1535:, this candy is chewier and more resilient than gums or gelatin candies. For example,
495:
have a somewhat bread-like texture, and many earlier cakes, such as the centuries-old
7295:
7156:
7030:
6894:
6795:
6759:
6729:
6478:
6410:
6400:
6395:
6348:
6343:
6333:
6296:
6226:
6139:
6059:
6049:
5989:
5969:
5944:
5927:
5820:
5791:
5709:
5704:
5694:
5669:
5617:
5602:
5552:
5487:
5482:
5467:
5351:
5254:
5249:
5217:
5212:
5180:
5160:
5155:
5145:
5140:
5083:
5063:
5038:
5003:
4946:
4824:
4787:
4723:
4537:
4236:
4181:
4028:
3720:
3595:
3461:
3169:
3154:
2905:
2886:
2863:
2788:
2734:
2687:
2655:
2463:
2452:
2430:
2373:
2314:
2250:
2233:
2163:
2138:
2111:
2050:
2039:
2017:
1987:
1960:
1824:
1245:
558:
419:
360:
28:
4093:
3838:
3673:
3456:
2667:
2267:
7224:
7180:
7163:
7093:
7072:
6979:
6939:
6841:
6802:
6775:
6709:
6694:
6585:
6483:
6380:
6365:
6360:
6308:
6291:
6286:
6266:
6256:
6251:
6104:
6084:
6039:
6034:
6019:
6009:
5999:
5979:
5922:
5917:
5887:
5877:
5813:
5808:
5803:
5786:
5689:
5684:
5679:
5649:
5644:
5567:
5542:
5537:
5532:
5507:
5477:
5440:
5425:
5415:
5405:
5361:
5346:
5341:
5326:
5301:
5259:
5227:
5222:
5170:
5135:
5123:
5078:
5068:
5053:
5028:
5018:
5008:
4931:
4926:
4921:
4908:
4868:
4841:
4765:
4277:
4148:
4143:
4078:
4053:
4008:
3993:
3988:
3848:
3793:
3690:
3545:
3357:
3347:
3174:
2647:
2350:
1812:, have been restricted to 1 ppm in the US. There is no specific maximum in the EU.
1636:
1276:(NACE) scheme (revision 2) matches the UN classification, under code number 10.82.
1260:. Classification is sometimes challenging because products can overlap categories.
1025:
524:
487:
364:
4559:
3555:
2232:
Thomas E. Furia (1973), CRC Handbook of Food
Additives, Second Edition, Volume 1,
1293:
are classified with dairy products under ISIC 1050, NACE 10.52, and NAICS 311520.
6984:
6974:
6954:
6846:
6719:
6689:
6508:
6488:
6435:
6390:
6375:
6370:
6318:
6276:
6241:
6201:
6166:
6129:
6119:
6114:
6109:
6014:
5974:
5954:
5932:
5872:
5857:
5852:
5798:
5756:
5746:
5736:
5731:
5716:
5622:
5592:
5512:
5472:
5410:
5398:
5373:
5331:
5284:
5269:
5237:
5232:
5207:
5202:
5197:
5192:
5175:
5150:
5103:
5088:
5048:
4998:
4760:
4654:
4542:
4421:
4382:
4370:
4176:
4118:
4088:
3983:
3905:
3900:
3695:
3525:
3342:
3316:
3179:
3144:
3081:
2710:
2308:
2132:
2011:
1903:
1866:
1708:
1506:
1373:. Some of the categories and types of sugar confectionery include the following:
1302:
1269:
979:
967:
963:
479:
343:
339:
134:
7244:
6744:
2814:
7290:
7103:
7040:
7009:
6969:
6739:
6642:
6590:
6575:
6498:
6493:
6430:
6328:
6261:
6231:
6221:
6154:
6099:
6089:
6044:
5949:
5892:
5862:
5835:
5830:
5825:
5699:
5664:
5654:
5607:
5557:
5517:
5497:
5492:
5435:
5420:
5378:
5356:
5279:
5242:
4916:
4876:
4846:
4704:
4669:
4554:
4461:
4398:
4387:
4365:
4337:
4211:
3880:
3700:
3620:
3565:
3499:
3396:
3379:
3159:
3008:
2543:"ISIC Rev.4 code 1073: Manufacture of cocoa, chocolate and sugar confectionery"
1766:
1750:
1726:
1629:
1532:
1473:
1346:
1342:
927:
Sugar confections include sweet, sugar-based foods, which are usually eaten as
911:
573:
303:
273:
257:
249:
4584:
2651:
1326:, which can either be consumed as-is or used as an ingredient in other dishes.
7279:
7136:
7057:
6989:
6889:
6714:
6704:
6632:
6503:
6405:
6338:
6323:
6159:
6149:
6144:
6054:
5776:
5726:
5721:
5659:
5612:
5430:
5311:
5274:
5264:
5128:
5058:
4991:
4903:
4809:
4629:
4614:
4375:
4355:
4048:
3870:
3853:
3645:
3590:
3535:
3429:
3337:
3250:
3149:
2976:
2354:
1876:
1805:
1693:
1598:
1550:
1423:
940:
932:
765:
475:
306:. In 1390, the Earl of Derby paid "two shillings for two pounds of penydes."
245:
241:
237:
3915:
1579:: similar to marzipan, but made with peaches or apricots instead of almonds.
7214:
7151:
6959:
6466:
6461:
6355:
6134:
5674:
5587:
5582:
5577:
5527:
4466:
4436:
4302:
4287:
4252:
4186:
4073:
4033:
3978:
3818:
3808:
3530:
3451:
3311:
3306:
3280:
3270:
3217:
3184:
2879:
2848:
Foods From Spain History: Bakery & Confectionery. A Taste For Sweetness
2659:
2395:"For Subway, A Ruling Not So Sweet. Irish Court Says Its Bread Isn't Bread"
1856:
1785:
1689:
1366:
1274:
Statistical Classification of Economic Activities in the European Community
1266:
International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities
1253:
1249:
628:
423:
396:
384:
299:
253:
188:
174:
The oldest recorded use of the word confectionery discovered so far by the
70:
1639:
process. This can cause amorphous candies to lose their intended texture.
1338:
146:
133:(Australia and New Zealand) are common words for some of the most popular
7202:
6834:
6627:
5867:
4694:
4599:
4589:
4579:
4532:
4517:
4441:
4262:
4257:
4103:
3963:
3823:
3760:
3735:
3705:
3668:
3640:
3625:
3610:
3438:
3227:
3194:
3065:
3055:
3050:
2189:. Food and Agriculture Organization, United Nations. 2009. Archived from
1848:
1789:
1778:
1722:
1674:
1635:
Another factor, affecting only non-crystalline amorphous candies, is the
1546:
1522:
1491:
1461:
1399:
1330:
1257:
944:
777:
643:
504:
380:
376:
309:
115:, and other confections that are made primarily of sugar. In some cases,
62:
3953:
2987:
958:
Different dialects of English use regional terms for sugar confections:
923:
confections may be treated separately or as part of sugar confectionery.
216:
from hundreds of varieties. In certain parts of India, these are called
4674:
4649:
4639:
4624:
4574:
4549:
4507:
4502:
4451:
4406:
4360:
4216:
4206:
4138:
4133:
4098:
4023:
4018:
3998:
3948:
3933:
3843:
3788:
3783:
3775:
3730:
3715:
3663:
3605:
3580:
3540:
3476:
3466:
3290:
3235:
3202:
1816:
1620:
1582:
1540:
1510:
1469:
1465:
1457:
1449:
1395:
1377:
1370:
1311:
991:
928:
738:
542:
520:
408:
400:
112:
35:
4644:
3943:
3858:
2484:"Definition of chuddy Oxford dictionary (British & World English)"
2365:
1979:
1486:: Frozen, flavored cream, often containing small pieces of chocolate,
1240:
7035:
6456:
4634:
4487:
4446:
4416:
4392:
4312:
4272:
4231:
4196:
4191:
4163:
4128:
4083:
4068:
4038:
3925:
3833:
3750:
3745:
3680:
3655:
3630:
3509:
3121:
3060:
2223:
J.A. Hill (1902), The Anglo-American Encyclopedia, Volume 7, page 725
1777:
has been manufactured in the past for military use as a high-density
1738:
1697:
1681:
1592:
1483:
1381:
1362:
1358:
1323:
1286:
952:
948:
936:
920:
916:
874:
832:
662:
589:
512:
500:
265:
3260:
2902:
The Sucker's Guide: A Journey into the Soft Centre of the Sweet Shop
1415:
1307:
462:. In the Middle East and Asia, flour-based confections predominate.
313:
7126:
4664:
4619:
4512:
4497:
4482:
4426:
4332:
4317:
4282:
4267:
4226:
4168:
4123:
4003:
3895:
3863:
3740:
3725:
3710:
3685:
3321:
3285:
3255:
3240:
2819:
1762:
1718:
1576:
1556:
1453:
1452:: Based on sugars cooked to the hard-crack stage. Examples include
1354:
1318:
1047:
858:
788:
and, in sweeter, less traditional interpretations, can seem like a
708:
696:
451:
392:
144:
encompasses the categories of cooking performed by both the French
69:, or sweet foods. Confections are items that are rich in sugar and
4431:
4201:
2295:
Sweet treats around the world: an encyclopedia of food and culture
1412:-like delicacy popular in Indonesia, Malaysia, and the Philippines
7131:
6829:
6749:
4746:
4659:
4609:
4527:
4456:
4327:
4292:
4113:
4043:
3798:
3494:
3484:
1758:
1704:
1657:
1514:
1502:
789:
677:
496:
431:
388:
352:
was published by the royal confectioner Friedrich Unger in 1838.
322:
1986:(2nd ed.). Chichester, U.K.: WileyâBlackwell. p. 106.
4411:
3973:
3550:
3275:
3245:
2964:
2939:
2372:(2nd ed.). Chichester, U.K.: WileyâBlackwell. p. 39.
1828:
1730:
1685:
1608:
1560:
1498:
1477:
1443:
1439:
1419:
1409:
1391:
1290:
839:
681:
609:
459:
447:
439:
404:
261:
89:
51:
2765:, United States Department of Agriculture. 13 September 2013.
2249:
Mary Ellen Snodgrass (2004), Encyclopedia of Kitchen History,
7141:
6563:
3910:
3446:
3164:
3031:
1893:
1891:
1680:
Confections are used to mark celebrations or events, such as
1487:
1472:, etc. Also included are types often mixed with nuts such as
1435:
1429:
1405:
1030:
773:
508:
455:
435:
233:
208:
180:
121:
97:
93:
7197:
4689:
1842:
7175:
7146:
6819:
4715:
4569:
3419:
2547:
United Nations Statistics Division, Classification Registry
1809:
492:
443:
184:
2068:
2066:
1888:
1497:
Jelly candies: Including those based on sugar and starch,
1384:, considered different from a candy bar made of chocolate.
88:, includes principally sweet pastries, cakes, and similar
7168:
4564:
658:
434:
course. Bakers' confections are sweet foods that feature
46:
3388:
3000:
2686:. Guinness World Records. 8 September 2016. p. 90.
2063:
1815:
Candy colorants, particularly yellow colorants such as
2429:. Oxford University Press. 1 April 2015. p. 368.
1926:
1924:
1922:
527:
are cakes despite seeming to be named something else.
1673:
Both bakers' and sugar confections are used to offer
2727:"Sugar in Tourism: 'Wrapped in Devonshire Sunshine'"
2366:
International Food Information Service, ed. (2009).
1980:
International Food Information Service, ed. (2009).
1838:
292:
285:
1919:
613:elaborately decorated, or they can be plain dough.
523:, are not technically cakes, while others, such as
515:. Confusingly, some confections that have the word
27:"Sweetmeat" redirects here. For the racehorse, see
2878:
2844:
2103:
1314:is simply sugar, with optional coloring or flavor.
103:Sugar confectionery includes candies (also called
2637:
2458:. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry. p.
2293:Roufs, Timothy G.; Roufs, Kathleen Smyth (2014).
2137:. India: Asia Pacific Business Press. p. 1.
2045:. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry. p.
1380:: Bite-sized confectioneries generally made with
280:rheums and fevers were little, twisted sticks of
268:agriculture. Sugarcane is indigenous to tropical
96:, and thus is a subset of products produced by a
7277:
379:. The most common sweetener for home cooking is
170:Confectionery can be mass-produced in a factory.
2733:. Channel View Publications. pp. 159â172.
2184:"Agribusiness Handbook: Sugar beet white sugar"
2157:
2151:
2101:
915:Depending on the chosen classification scheme,
901:Oreos are an example of a mass-produced Cookie.
395:. Hydrolysis of sucrose gives a mixture called
1725:and visitors to seaside resorts in the UK eat
1046:In the US, a chocolate-coated candy bar (e.g.
994:and occasionally for (brittle) boiled sweets.
41:Prepared foods rich in sugar and carbohydrates
4731:
3404:
3016:
2937:
1281:North American Industry Classification System
1661:) in "The Great Buddha Sweet Shop" from the
54:is a traditional Swedish baker's confection.
2268:"American Heritage Dictionary Entry: candy"
1353:Sugar confectionery items include candies,
741:and similar doughnuts are fried in hot fat.
330:
4738:
4724:
3411:
3397:
3023:
3009:
2918:
2876:
2595:"Correspondences for ISIC Rev.4 code 1050"
2573:"Correspondences for ISIC Rev.4 code 1073"
2345:
2343:
2292:
2176:
1569:: A generic term for confectionery in the
92:. Baker's confectionery excludes everyday
2855:
2369:Dictionary of Food Science and Technology
2240:, page 7 (Chapter 1, by Thomas D. Luckey)
2009:
1983:Dictionary of Food Science and Technology
1615:
1563:-based confection, doughy in consistency.
466:would be treated as confectionery there.
2859:The Oxford Companion to Sugar and Sweets
2731:Sugar Heritage and Tourism in Transition
2426:The Oxford Companion to Sugar and Sweets
2310:The Oxford Companion to Sugar and Sweets
2016:. Oxford University Press. p. 171.
2013:The Oxford Companion to Sugar and Sweets
1959:. Oxford University Press. p. 213.
1952:
1646:
1337:
1329:
1317:
1306:
1239:
910:
418:
414:
407:. These sweeteners include all types of
308:
224:(à€à€Łà„à€Ą), which is the source of the word
207:
165:
45:
2449:
2340:
2313:. Oxford University Press. April 2015.
2036:
14:
7278:
2922:A Treatise on the Art of Boiling Sugar
2899:
2724:
2274:from the original on 20 September 2018
1729:candy. Transportable confections like
906:
6925:Historical North Indian and Pakistani
4719:
3392:
3004:
2938:Confectionery, International (2018).
2633:
2631:
2629:
2392:
1021:are Australian slang for chewing gum.
889:Cookies can be elaborately decorated.
861:have been made since the Middle Ages.
604:Cake with decorations made from sugar
7230:
2983:at the Wikibooks Cookbook subproject
2845:GarcĂa Ballesteros, Enrique (2012).
2755:"Foods of Minimal Nutritional Value"
2700:from the original on 10 January 2023
2405:from the original on 17 October 2021
2337:, Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers (2004)
2158:Toussaint-Samat, Maguelonne (2009).
2130:
2005:
2003:
1792:, are defined in US law as foods of
1099:sugar candy, candy, rock, rock sweet
370:
7250:
2941:International Confectionery Journal
1784:Many sugar confections, especially
699:pastries are made to celebrate the
84:Bakers' confectionery, also called
24:
2838:
2626:
2599:United Nations Statistics Division
2577:United Nations Statistics Division
2454:The Science of Sugar Confectionery
2041:The Science of Sugar Confectionery
1749:Generally, confections are low in
1196:chocolate bar, chocolate candy bar
998:are boiled sweets fixed on sticks.
646:can be filled with fruit or cream.
592:are baked around a metal cylinder.
340:cuisine of the Late Ottoman Empire
25:
7307:
2957:
2815:"Ministers agree food colour ban"
2519:. 7 February 2000. Archived from
2000:
1642:
1235:
1038:is occasionally used, as well as
7259:
7249:
7239:
7229:
7220:
7219:
7208:
7196:
4700:
4699:
4688:
3374:
3373:
3087:List of top-selling candy brands
2986:
2975:
2963:
2769:from the original on 28 May 2015
2761:. Appendix B of 7 CFR Part 210.
1872:List of top-selling candy brands
1841:
1203:(e.g. Cadbury's Milk Chocolate)
894:
882:
866:
850:
824:
812:
800:
758:
746:
731:
719:
689:
670:
651:
635:
621:
597:
581:
566:
550:
535:
499:(fruit cake), or the even older
135:varieties of sugar confectionery
7260:
3112:List of chocolate manufacturers
2807:
2781:
2747:
2718:
2674:
2617:
2587:
2565:
2535:
2505:
2476:
2443:
2417:
2393:Oxner, Reese (1 October 2021).
2386:
2359:
2335:Encyclopedia of Kitchen History
2327:
2301:
2286:
2260:
2243:
2226:
2217:
2208:
2162:. New Jersey: Wiley-Blackwell.
2072:
1934:. Oxford University Press. 2023
1595:, a method of candy production.
129:(UK, Ireland, and others), and
6915:Historical Indian subcontinent
2124:
2095:
2030:
1973:
1946:
1904:Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary
1775:Specially formulated chocolate
1464:, peppermint drops and disks,
1345:are a combination of nuts and
13:
1:
2991:The dictionary definition of
1882:
1394:-like confectionery based on
1248:has walls and roof made from
1228:chocolates, box of chocolates
877:are a German Christmas treat.
576:may be elaborately decorated.
438:as a main ingredient and are
214:Indian confectionery desserts
4745:
3107:List of chocolate bar brands
3097:List of confectionery brands
1956:The Oxford Companion to Food
1744:
1539:. It has a similar taste to
1531:: Containing extract of the
363:who had worked six years in
161:
7:
7099:List of historical cuisines
6935:History of alcoholic drinks
4952:Lowcountry (South Carolina)
3939:KĂŒrtĆskalĂĄcs (Chimney cake)
2877:Richardson, Tim H. (2002).
2862:. Oxford University Press.
2683:Guinness World Records 2017
2106:Sugar: A Bitterweet History
1932:"Oxford English Dictionary"
1834:
1788:and the different kinds of
1442:, a paste made from ground
1369:, and other sweet items of
1296:
1119:candied fruit, glazed fruit
1054:, in Britain more likely a
857:Thin wafer cookies such as
819:Cranberry scones with icing
442:. Major categories include
355:The first confectionery in
293:
286:
10:
7312:
6386:Trinidadian and Tobagonian
3213:List of chewing gum brands
2944:. Hand Media International
2919:Weatherley, Henry (1865).
2881:Sweets: A History of Candy
2763:Food and Nutrition Service
2257:, Routledge, pages 145â146
2075:"The Art of Confectionery"
1651:A Japanese vendor selling
1300:
1279:In the United States, the
1252:and decorations made from
1082:(formal, uncommon, broad)
484:List of doughnut varieties
473:
281:
203:
33:
26:
7191:
7119:
7086:
7023:
6855:
6768:
6449:
4902:
4753:
4683:
4475:
4346:
4245:
4162:
3962:
3924:
3774:
3654:
3564:
3518:
3475:
3437:
3426:
3418:
3371:
3330:
3299:
3226:
3193:
3120:
3074:
3038:
3030:
2856:Goldstein, Darra (2015).
2652:10.1080/10408390802248833
2010:Goldstein, Darra (2015).
1794:minimal nutritional value
1438:: Confectionery based on
1211:(chocolate coated types)
990:is used specifically for
176:Oxford English Dictionary
158:and into the modern era.
7005:Scottish royal household
6950:History of vegetarianism
5188:Central African Republic
3601:Flourless chocolate cake
3505:Smoked salmon cheesecake
2355:10.1002/14356007.a07_411
2102:Elizabeth Abbot (2010).
1821:E104 Quinoline Yellow WS
1799:
545:are cooked on a griddle.
519:in their names, such as
469:
426:are baker's confections.
383:, which is chemically a
325:was a core skill of the
34:Not to be confused with
1953:Davidson, Alan (2014).
1707:(under the guidance of
1507:Turkish delight (lokum)
1169:pudding, sweet, dessert
711:may be fried or baked.
642:Empty shells made with
6930:History of agriculture
4323:Portuguese sweet bread
4014:Coffee and walnut cake
3208:Functional chewing gum
2640:Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr
2601:. 2014. Archived from
2579:. 2014. Archived from
2549:. 2014. Archived from
2490:, 2014, archived from
2488:oxforddictionaries.com
2450:Edwards, W.P. (2000).
2037:Edwards, W.P. (2000).
1825:E110 Sunset Yellow FCF
1786:caramel-coated popcorn
1703:The chocolate company
1670:
1616:Storage and shelf life
1476:, which is similar to
1350:
1335:
1327:
1315:
1261:
1094:rock candy, rock sugar
1058:than unspecifically a
972:Commonwealth countries
924:
786:baking powder biscuits
726:Glazed raised doughnut
427:
349:Conditorei des Orients
331:
317:
229:
171:
150:(pastry chef) and the
55:
6900:Early modern European
6628:Indigenous Australian
6187:SĂŁo TomĂ© and PrĂncipe
5074:Bosnian-Herzegovinian
3766:Torta alla Monferrina
3636:Molten chocolate cake
3616:German chocolate cake
3363:Pies, tarts and flans
2789:"Lead in Food | EFSA"
2725:Cleave, Paul (2012).
1771:ultra-processed foods
1650:
1341:
1333:
1321:
1310:
1301:Further information:
1243:
914:
715:Examples of doughnuts
422:
415:Bakers' confectionery
312:
211:
169:
117:chocolate confections
49:
7063:Molecular gastronomy
6995:Pre-contact Hawaiian
6905:Historical Argentine
6791:Mangalorean Catholic
4972:Pacific Northwestern
4493:Better than sex cake
4298:Date and walnut loaf
3756:Queen Elizabeth cake
3140:Couverture chocolate
3102:List of chocolatiers
3092:List of breath mints
2972:at Wikimedia Commons
2900:Stroud, Jon (2008).
2270:. Ahdictionary.com.
2091:on 18 November 2017.
1737:may be purchased as
1398:whites with chopped
1264:The United Nations'
1066:Comparison of terms
1050:) would be called a
768:with powdered sugar
665:and a sweet filling.
561:is for celebrations.
236:. Honey was used in
6920:Historical Japanese
6755:Transylvanian Saxon
6623:Indigenous American
4222:Spanische Windtorte
4059:Lady Baltimore cake
3586:Black Forest gateau
3490:Japanese cheesecake
3046:Sugar confectionery
2196:on 5 September 2015
1862:Confectionery store
1829:asthmatic reactions
1571:Indian subcontinent
1422:and other types of
1111:boiled sweet, candy
1067:
907:Sugar confectionery
846:Examples of cookies
753:Decorated doughnuts
701:Mid-Autumn Festival
357:Manchester, England
270:Indian subcontinent
75:bakers' confections
18:Sugar confectionery
7000:Korean royal court
6945:History of seafood
6910:Historical Chinese
6885:Antebellum America
6725:Pennsylvania Dutch
5337:Equatorial Guinean
5307:Dominican Republic
4109:Paper wrapped cake
3876:Prinzregententorte
3135:Compound chocolate
3130:Types of chocolate
2885:. Bloomsbury USA.
2823:. 12 November 2008
2793:www.efsa.europa.eu
1671:
1537:Liquorice allsorts
1456:, jawbreakers (or
1351:
1336:
1328:
1316:
1262:
1065:
986:is a derivative).
925:
796:Examples of scones
776:and related sweet
617:Examples of pastry
428:
367:as a housekeeper.
327:early confectioner
318:
260:, followed by the
230:
172:
140:The occupation of
56:
7273:
7272:
7015:Thirteen Colonies
6875:Ancient Israelite
6075:Papua New Guinean
4873:Intercontinental
4713:
4712:
4237:Zuger Kirschtorte
4182:Brazo de Mercedes
4029:Frankfurter Kranz
3891:Smith Island cake
3814:Devil's food cake
3721:Jewish apple cake
3596:Chocolate brownie
3462:Gooey butter cake
3386:
3385:
3170:Belgian chocolate
3155:Chocolate truffle
2968:Media related to
2911:978-1-84024-709-1
2869:978-0-19-931339-6
2517:The Straight Dope
2333:Snodgrass, M. E.
2320:978-0-19-931362-4
2160:A History of Food
2117:978-1-590-20297-5
2023:978-0-19-931339-6
1907:. Merriam-Webster
1804:Contaminants and
1663:Miyako meisho zue
1246:gingerbread house
1233:
1232:
1223:box of chocolates
1088:(formal, narrow)
1071:American English
951:. In some cases,
784:, are similar to
559:rainbow rice cake
371:Sweetening agents
361:Elizabeth Raffald
284:called in Arabic
125:(Canada and US),
86:flour confections
79:sugar confections
29:Sweetmeat (horse)
16:(Redirected from
7303:
7263:
7262:
7253:
7252:
7243:
7233:
7232:
7223:
7222:
7215:Drink portal
7213:
7212:
7211:
7201:
7200:
7181:Meal preparation
7094:List of cuisines
6940:History of bread
6865:Ancient Egyptian
6842:Ritual slaughter
6700:Louisiana Creole
6638:Italian American
6457:African American
5446:Greek Macedonian
4740:
4733:
4726:
4717:
4716:
4703:
4702:
4693:
4692:
4308:Flies' graveyard
4149:Upside-down cake
4144:Tres leches cake
4054:Hummingbird cake
3994:Buko pandan cake
3989:Boston cream pie
3849:Maria Luisa cake
3794:Buckwheat gateau
3413:
3406:
3399:
3390:
3389:
3377:
3376:
3175:French chocolate
3025:
3018:
3011:
3002:
3001:
2990:
2979:
2967:
2953:
2951:
2949:
2934:
2932:
2930:
2915:
2896:
2884:
2873:
2852:
2833:
2832:
2830:
2828:
2811:
2805:
2804:
2802:
2800:
2785:
2779:
2778:
2776:
2774:
2759:www.fns.usda.gov
2751:
2745:
2744:
2722:
2716:
2715:
2707:
2705:
2678:
2672:
2671:
2635:
2624:
2621:
2615:
2614:
2612:
2610:
2591:
2585:
2584:
2583:on 22 July 2014.
2569:
2563:
2562:
2560:
2558:
2539:
2533:
2532:
2530:
2528:
2523:on 30 April 2008
2509:
2503:
2502:
2501:
2499:
2480:
2474:
2473:
2457:
2447:
2441:
2440:
2421:
2415:
2414:
2412:
2410:
2390:
2384:
2383:
2363:
2357:
2347:
2338:
2331:
2325:
2324:
2305:
2299:
2298:
2290:
2284:
2283:
2281:
2279:
2264:
2258:
2247:
2241:
2230:
2224:
2221:
2215:
2212:
2206:
2205:
2203:
2201:
2195:
2188:
2180:
2174:
2173:
2155:
2149:
2148:
2128:
2122:
2121:
2109:
2099:
2093:
2092:
2090:
2084:. Archived from
2082:historicfood.com
2079:
2070:
2061:
2060:
2044:
2034:
2028:
2027:
2007:
1998:
1997:
1977:
1971:
1970:
1950:
1944:
1943:
1941:
1939:
1928:
1917:
1916:
1914:
1912:
1895:
1851:
1846:
1845:
1637:glass transition
1217:(e.g. Snickers)
1201:bar of chocolate
1074:British English
1068:
1064:
947:, and sometimes
931:. This includes
898:
886:
870:
854:
828:
816:
804:
762:
750:
735:
723:
693:
674:
655:
639:
625:
601:
585:
570:
554:
539:
531:Examples of cake
525:Boston cream pie
488:List of pastries
387:containing both
365:domestic service
334:
296:
289:
21:
7311:
7310:
7306:
7305:
7304:
7302:
7301:
7300:
7276:
7275:
7274:
7269:
7209:
7207:
7203:Food portal
7195:
7187:
7115:
7082:
7019:
6851:
6764:
6472:Arab-Indonesian
6445:
6426:Western Saharan
5898:Liechtensteiner
5463:Guinea-Bissauan
5099:Channel Islands
4987:Southwestern US
4907:
4898:
4749:
4744:
4714:
4709:
4695:Food portal
4687:
4679:
4655:Sweetheart cake
4471:
4422:Marry girl cake
4348:
4342:
4241:
4177:Angel food cake
4166:
4158:
4154:Victoria sponge
4119:Red velvet cake
4089:Marry girl cake
3984:Battenberg cake
3965:
3958:
3920:
3906:Torta Tre Monti
3901:Torta setteveli
3829:EsterhĂĄzy torte
3770:
3696:Clementine cake
3650:
3567:
3560:
3526:Brazil nut cake
3514:
3471:
3433:
3422:
3417:
3387:
3382:
3380:Category: Candy
3367:
3326:
3317:Horehound drops
3300:Medicinal candy
3295:
3222:
3189:
3180:Swiss chocolate
3145:White chocolate
3116:
3082:List of candies
3070:
3034:
3029:
2960:
2947:
2945:
2928:
2926:
2912:
2904:. Summersdale.
2893:
2870:
2841:
2839:Further reading
2836:
2826:
2824:
2813:
2812:
2808:
2798:
2796:
2795:. 20 April 2010
2787:
2786:
2782:
2772:
2770:
2753:
2752:
2748:
2741:
2723:
2719:
2711:Richard Cadbury
2703:
2701:
2694:
2680:
2679:
2675:
2636:
2627:
2622:
2618:
2608:
2606:
2605:on 22 July 2014
2593:
2592:
2588:
2571:
2570:
2566:
2556:
2554:
2553:on 22 July 2014
2541:
2540:
2536:
2526:
2524:
2511:
2510:
2506:
2497:
2495:
2494:on 12 July 2012
2482:
2481:
2477:
2470:
2448:
2444:
2437:
2423:
2422:
2418:
2408:
2406:
2391:
2387:
2380:
2364:
2360:
2348:
2341:
2332:
2328:
2321:
2307:
2306:
2302:
2291:
2287:
2277:
2275:
2266:
2265:
2261:
2248:
2244:
2231:
2227:
2222:
2218:
2213:
2209:
2199:
2197:
2193:
2186:
2182:
2181:
2177:
2170:
2156:
2152:
2145:
2129:
2125:
2118:
2100:
2096:
2088:
2077:
2071:
2064:
2057:
2035:
2031:
2024:
2008:
2001:
1994:
1978:
1974:
1967:
1951:
1947:
1937:
1935:
1930:
1929:
1920:
1910:
1908:
1899:"confectionery"
1897:
1896:
1889:
1885:
1867:List of candies
1847:
1840:
1837:
1817:E102 Tartrazine
1806:coloring agents
1802:
1747:
1713:Valentine's Day
1709:Richard Cadbury
1645:
1618:
1549:: For example,
1418:: Sugar-coated
1334:Assorted fudges
1305:
1303:List of candies
1299:
1270:white chocolate
1238:
980:Scottish Gaelic
909:
902:
899:
890:
887:
878:
871:
862:
855:
835:
829:
820:
817:
808:
807:Scones with jam
805:
769:
763:
754:
751:
742:
736:
727:
724:
704:
694:
685:
675:
666:
661:is made from a
656:
647:
640:
631:
626:
605:
602:
593:
586:
577:
571:
562:
555:
546:
540:
490:
480:List of cookies
472:
417:
373:
344:Turkish delight
332:confectionarius
206:
197:confection nere
164:
42:
39:
32:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7309:
7299:
7298:
7293:
7288:
7271:
7270:
7268:
7267:
7257:
7247:
7237:
7227:
7217:
7205:
7192:
7189:
7188:
7186:
7185:
7184:
7183:
7173:
7172:
7171:
7161:
7160:
7159:
7154:
7144:
7139:
7134:
7129:
7123:
7121:
7117:
7116:
7114:
7113:
7112:
7111:
7104:Lists of foods
7101:
7096:
7090:
7088:
7084:
7083:
7081:
7080:
7075:
7070:
7065:
7060:
7055:
7054:
7053:
7048:
7038:
7033:
7027:
7025:
7021:
7020:
7018:
7017:
7012:
7007:
7002:
6997:
6992:
6987:
6982:
6977:
6972:
6967:
6962:
6957:
6952:
6947:
6942:
6937:
6932:
6927:
6922:
6917:
6912:
6907:
6902:
6897:
6892:
6887:
6882:
6877:
6872:
6867:
6861:
6859:
6853:
6852:
6850:
6849:
6844:
6839:
6838:
6837:
6827:
6822:
6817:
6816:
6815:
6805:
6800:
6799:
6798:
6793:
6788:
6778:
6772:
6770:
6766:
6765:
6763:
6762:
6757:
6752:
6747:
6742:
6737:
6732:
6727:
6722:
6717:
6712:
6707:
6702:
6697:
6692:
6687:
6686:
6685:
6680:
6675:
6670:
6665:
6660:
6655:
6650:
6640:
6635:
6630:
6625:
6620:
6619:
6618:
6613:
6608:
6603:
6598:
6588:
6583:
6581:Greek-American
6578:
6573:
6568:
6567:
6566:
6561:
6556:
6551:
6546:
6541:
6536:
6531:
6526:
6521:
6516:
6506:
6501:
6496:
6491:
6486:
6481:
6476:
6475:
6474:
6464:
6459:
6453:
6451:
6447:
6446:
6444:
6443:
6438:
6433:
6428:
6423:
6418:
6413:
6408:
6403:
6398:
6393:
6388:
6383:
6378:
6373:
6368:
6363:
6358:
6353:
6352:
6351:
6341:
6336:
6331:
6326:
6321:
6316:
6311:
6306:
6301:
6300:
6299:
6294:
6289:
6284:
6279:
6274:
6269:
6264:
6259:
6254:
6249:
6239:
6234:
6229:
6224:
6219:
6214:
6212:Sierra Leonean
6209:
6204:
6199:
6194:
6189:
6184:
6179:
6174:
6169:
6164:
6163:
6162:
6157:
6152:
6147:
6142:
6137:
6132:
6127:
6122:
6117:
6107:
6102:
6097:
6092:
6087:
6082:
6077:
6072:
6067:
6062:
6057:
6052:
6047:
6042:
6037:
6032:
6027:
6022:
6017:
6012:
6007:
6002:
5997:
5992:
5987:
5982:
5977:
5972:
5967:
5962:
5957:
5952:
5947:
5942:
5941:
5940:
5935:
5925:
5920:
5915:
5910:
5905:
5900:
5895:
5890:
5885:
5880:
5875:
5870:
5865:
5860:
5855:
5850:
5849:
5848:
5843:
5833:
5828:
5823:
5818:
5817:
5816:
5806:
5801:
5796:
5795:
5794:
5789:
5784:
5779:
5774:
5769:
5764:
5759:
5754:
5749:
5744:
5734:
5729:
5724:
5719:
5714:
5713:
5712:
5707:
5702:
5697:
5692:
5687:
5682:
5677:
5672:
5667:
5662:
5657:
5652:
5647:
5637:
5636:
5635:
5630:
5625:
5620:
5615:
5610:
5605:
5600:
5595:
5590:
5585:
5580:
5575:
5570:
5565:
5560:
5555:
5550:
5545:
5540:
5535:
5530:
5525:
5520:
5515:
5510:
5505:
5500:
5490:
5485:
5480:
5475:
5470:
5465:
5460:
5455:
5454:
5453:
5448:
5443:
5438:
5428:
5423:
5418:
5413:
5408:
5403:
5402:
5401:
5396:
5394:French Guianan
5391:
5386:
5376:
5371:
5370:
5369:
5359:
5354:
5349:
5344:
5339:
5334:
5329:
5324:
5319:
5314:
5309:
5304:
5299:
5294:
5293:
5292:
5287:
5277:
5272:
5267:
5262:
5257:
5252:
5247:
5246:
5245:
5240:
5235:
5230:
5225:
5220:
5215:
5210:
5200:
5195:
5190:
5185:
5184:
5183:
5178:
5168:
5163:
5158:
5153:
5148:
5143:
5138:
5133:
5132:
5131:
5126:
5121:
5116:
5114:Northern Irish
5111:
5106:
5101:
5096:
5086:
5081:
5076:
5071:
5066:
5061:
5056:
5051:
5046:
5041:
5036:
5031:
5026:
5021:
5016:
5011:
5006:
5001:
4996:
4995:
4994:
4989:
4984:
4979:
4974:
4969:
4964:
4959:
4954:
4949:
4944:
4939:
4929:
4924:
4919:
4913:
4911:
4900:
4899:
4897:
4896:
4895:
4894:
4892:Middle Eastern
4889:
4884:
4882:Latin American
4879:
4871:
4866:
4865:
4864:
4859:
4854:
4849:
4839:
4838:
4837:
4832:
4827:
4822:
4817:
4807:
4806:
4805:
4800:
4795:
4790:
4780:
4779:
4778:
4773:
4768:
4757:
4755:
4751:
4750:
4743:
4742:
4735:
4728:
4720:
4711:
4710:
4708:
4707:
4697:
4684:
4681:
4680:
4678:
4677:
4672:
4670:Watergate cake
4667:
4662:
4657:
4652:
4647:
4642:
4637:
4632:
4627:
4622:
4617:
4612:
4607:
4602:
4597:
4592:
4587:
4582:
4577:
4572:
4567:
4562:
4557:
4555:Ice cream cake
4552:
4547:
4546:
4545:
4540:
4530:
4525:
4520:
4515:
4510:
4505:
4500:
4495:
4490:
4485:
4479:
4477:
4473:
4472:
4470:
4469:
4464:
4459:
4454:
4449:
4444:
4439:
4434:
4429:
4424:
4419:
4414:
4409:
4404:
4403:
4402:
4399:Rosca de reyes
4390:
4388:Halloween cake
4385:
4380:
4379:
4378:
4373:
4366:Christmas cake
4363:
4358:
4352:
4350:
4344:
4343:
4341:
4340:
4338:Streuselkuchen
4335:
4330:
4325:
4320:
4315:
4310:
4305:
4300:
4295:
4290:
4285:
4280:
4275:
4270:
4265:
4260:
4255:
4249:
4247:
4243:
4242:
4240:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4224:
4219:
4214:
4209:
4204:
4199:
4194:
4189:
4184:
4179:
4173:
4171:
4160:
4159:
4157:
4156:
4151:
4146:
4141:
4136:
4131:
4126:
4121:
4116:
4111:
4106:
4101:
4096:
4094:Misérable cake
4091:
4086:
4081:
4076:
4071:
4066:
4061:
4056:
4051:
4046:
4041:
4036:
4031:
4026:
4021:
4016:
4011:
4006:
4001:
3996:
3991:
3986:
3981:
3976:
3970:
3968:
3960:
3959:
3957:
3956:
3951:
3946:
3941:
3936:
3930:
3928:
3922:
3921:
3919:
3918:
3913:
3908:
3903:
3898:
3893:
3888:
3883:
3878:
3873:
3868:
3867:
3866:
3861:
3856:
3846:
3841:
3839:GĂąteau magique
3836:
3831:
3826:
3821:
3816:
3811:
3806:
3804:Chantilly cake
3801:
3796:
3791:
3786:
3780:
3778:
3772:
3771:
3769:
3768:
3763:
3758:
3753:
3748:
3743:
3738:
3733:
3728:
3723:
3718:
3713:
3708:
3703:
3701:Crema de fruta
3698:
3693:
3688:
3683:
3678:
3677:
3676:
3666:
3660:
3658:
3652:
3651:
3649:
3648:
3643:
3638:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3621:Hedgehog slice
3618:
3613:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3572:
3570:
3562:
3561:
3559:
3558:
3553:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3522:
3520:
3516:
3515:
3513:
3512:
3507:
3502:
3500:Ube cheesecake
3497:
3492:
3487:
3481:
3479:
3473:
3472:
3470:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3457:GĂąteau nantais
3454:
3449:
3443:
3441:
3435:
3434:
3427:
3424:
3423:
3416:
3415:
3408:
3401:
3393:
3384:
3383:
3372:
3369:
3368:
3366:
3365:
3360:
3355:
3350:
3345:
3340:
3334:
3332:
3328:
3327:
3325:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3303:
3301:
3297:
3296:
3294:
3293:
3288:
3283:
3278:
3273:
3268:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3232:
3230:
3224:
3223:
3221:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3199:
3197:
3191:
3190:
3188:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3160:Mint chocolate
3157:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3132:
3126:
3124:
3118:
3117:
3115:
3114:
3109:
3104:
3099:
3094:
3089:
3084:
3078:
3076:
3072:
3071:
3069:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3042:
3040:
3036:
3035:
3028:
3027:
3020:
3013:
3005:
2999:
2998:
2984:
2973:
2959:
2958:External links
2956:
2955:
2954:
2935:
2916:
2910:
2897:
2891:
2874:
2868:
2853:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2834:
2806:
2780:
2746:
2739:
2717:
2692:
2673:
2625:
2616:
2586:
2564:
2534:
2513:"Cotton Candy"
2504:
2475:
2468:
2442:
2435:
2416:
2385:
2378:
2358:
2339:
2326:
2319:
2300:
2297:. p. 343.
2285:
2259:
2255:978-1579583804
2242:
2238:978-0849305429
2225:
2216:
2207:
2175:
2168:
2150:
2143:
2123:
2116:
2094:
2062:
2055:
2029:
2022:
1999:
1992:
1972:
1965:
1945:
1918:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1880:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1853:
1852:
1836:
1833:
1801:
1798:
1767:empty calories
1763:fat-free foods
1761:. They may be
1751:micronutrients
1746:
1743:
1727:Blackpool rock
1644:
1643:Cultural roles
1641:
1630:water activity
1617:
1614:
1613:
1612:
1606:
1596:
1586:
1580:
1574:
1564:
1554:
1551:circus peanuts
1544:
1533:liquorice root
1526:
1495:
1481:
1447:
1433:
1427:
1413:
1403:
1385:
1298:
1295:
1237:
1236:Classification
1234:
1231:
1230:
1225:
1219:
1218:
1212:
1205:
1204:
1198:
1192:
1191:
1178:
1172:
1171:
1166:
1160:
1159:
1154:
1143:
1142:
1137:
1127:
1126:
1121:
1115:
1114:
1108:
1102:
1101:
1096:
1090:
1089:
1083:
1076:
1075:
1072:
1044:
1043:
1022:
999:
941:candied fruits
908:
905:
904:
903:
900:
893:
891:
888:
881:
879:
872:
865:
863:
856:
849:
847:
837:
836:
830:
823:
821:
818:
811:
809:
806:
799:
797:
771:
770:
764:
757:
755:
752:
745:
743:
737:
730:
728:
725:
718:
716:
706:
705:
703:in East Asia.
695:
688:
686:
676:
669:
667:
657:
650:
648:
641:
634:
632:
627:
620:
618:
607:
606:
603:
596:
594:
587:
580:
578:
574:Birthday cakes
572:
565:
563:
556:
549:
547:
541:
534:
532:
471:
468:
416:
413:
372:
369:
359:was opened by
314:Jordan almonds
274:Southeast Asia
250:Ancient Greece
205:
202:
193:gallia muscata
163:
160:
40:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7308:
7297:
7294:
7292:
7289:
7287:
7286:Confectionery
7284:
7283:
7281:
7266:
7258:
7256:
7248:
7246:
7242:
7238:
7236:
7228:
7226:
7218:
7216:
7206:
7204:
7199:
7194:
7193:
7190:
7182:
7179:
7178:
7177:
7174:
7170:
7167:
7166:
7165:
7162:
7158:
7155:
7153:
7150:
7149:
7148:
7145:
7143:
7140:
7138:
7137:Culinary arts
7135:
7133:
7130:
7128:
7125:
7124:
7122:
7118:
7110:
7107:
7106:
7105:
7102:
7100:
7097:
7095:
7092:
7091:
7089:
7085:
7079:
7076:
7074:
7071:
7069:
7066:
7064:
7061:
7059:
7056:
7052:
7049:
7047:
7044:
7043:
7042:
7039:
7037:
7034:
7032:
7029:
7028:
7026:
7022:
7016:
7013:
7011:
7008:
7006:
7003:
7001:
6998:
6996:
6993:
6991:
6988:
6986:
6983:
6981:
6978:
6976:
6973:
6971:
6968:
6966:
6963:
6961:
6958:
6956:
6953:
6951:
6948:
6946:
6943:
6941:
6938:
6936:
6933:
6931:
6928:
6926:
6923:
6921:
6918:
6916:
6913:
6911:
6908:
6906:
6903:
6901:
6898:
6896:
6893:
6891:
6888:
6886:
6883:
6881:
6880:Ancient Roman
6878:
6876:
6873:
6871:
6870:Ancient Greek
6868:
6866:
6863:
6862:
6860:
6858:
6854:
6848:
6845:
6843:
6840:
6836:
6833:
6832:
6831:
6828:
6826:
6823:
6821:
6818:
6814:
6811:
6810:
6809:
6806:
6804:
6801:
6797:
6794:
6792:
6789:
6787:
6786:Goan Catholic
6784:
6783:
6782:
6779:
6777:
6774:
6773:
6771:
6767:
6761:
6758:
6756:
6753:
6751:
6748:
6746:
6743:
6741:
6738:
6736:
6733:
6731:
6728:
6726:
6723:
6721:
6718:
6716:
6713:
6711:
6708:
6706:
6703:
6701:
6698:
6696:
6693:
6691:
6688:
6684:
6681:
6679:
6676:
6674:
6671:
6669:
6666:
6664:
6661:
6659:
6656:
6654:
6651:
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5628:Uttar Pradesh
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4957:Midwestern US
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4887:Mediterranean
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4630:Punschkrapfen
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4608:
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4605:Pain d'Ă©pices
4603:
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4586:
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4560:Ispanaklı kek
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4401:
4400:
4396:
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4391:
4389:
4386:
4384:
4381:
4377:
4376:Pan de Pascua
4374:
4372:
4371:Bûche de Noël
4369:
4368:
4367:
4364:
4362:
4359:
4357:
4356:Birthday cake
4354:
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4075:
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4067:
4065:
4062:
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4057:
4055:
4052:
4050:
4049:Hot milk cake
4047:
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3877:
3874:
3872:
3871:Princess cake
3869:
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3854:Cremeschnitte
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3646:Torta caprese
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3607:
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3591:Blackout cake
3589:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3577:
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3573:
3571:
3569:
3563:
3557:
3556:Pain de GĂȘnes
3554:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3536:Chestnut cake
3534:
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3442:
3440:
3436:
3432:
3431:
3430:List of cakes
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3150:Chocolate bar
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2997:at Wiktionary
2996:
2995:
2994:confectionery
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2970:Confectionery
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2892:1-58234-229-6
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2740:9781845413897
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2646:(2): 162â92.
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2058:
2056:9780854045938
2052:
2048:
2043:
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2019:
2015:
2014:
2006:
2004:
1995:
1993:9781405187404
1989:
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1968:
1966:9780199677337
1962:
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1949:
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1927:
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1877:List of foods
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1694:birthday cake
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1215:chocolate bar
1213:
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1199:
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1155:
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1145:
1144:
1141:
1138:
1135:
1132:
1131:cotton candy,
1129:
1128:
1125:
1124:candied fruit
1122:
1120:
1117:
1116:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1104:
1103:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1091:
1087:
1086:confectionery
1084:
1081:
1080:confectionery
1078:
1077:
1073:
1070:
1069:
1063:
1061:
1057:
1056:chocolate bar
1053:
1049:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1032:
1027:
1026:North America
1023:
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934:
933:sugar candies
930:
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766:Apple fritter
761:
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698:
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680:is made with
679:
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528:
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522:
518:
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510:
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498:
494:
489:
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481:
477:
476:List of cakes
467:
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457:
453:
449:
445:
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246:Ancient Egypt
243:
242:Ancient India
239:
238:Ancient China
235:
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82:
80:
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72:
71:carbohydrates
68:
64:
60:
59:Confectionery
53:
48:
44:
37:
30:
19:
7068:Note by Note
7046:New American
6735:Pontic Greek
6616:South Indian
6611:North Indian
6282:Extremaduran
6172:Saint Lucian
5846:South Korean
5841:North Korean
5705:Palembangese
5633:Uttarakhandi
5119:Saint Helena
5109:Gibraltarian
4977:Puerto Rican
4467:Wedding cake
4437:Pop out cake
4397:
4383:Groom's cake
4303:Easter bread
4288:Chorley cake
4253:Banbury cake
4187:Chiffon cake
4074:Madeira cake
4034:French Fancy
3886:Sarawak cake
3881:Rainbow cake
3819:Doberge cake
3809:Coconut cake
3531:Castagnaccio
3452:Banana bread
3439:Butter cakes
3428:
3312:Nicotine gum
3307:Cough sweets
3271:Marshmallows
3218:Gum industry
3185:Chocolaterie
2993:
2946:. Retrieved
2940:
2927:. Retrieved
2925:. H.C. Baird
2921:
2901:
2880:
2858:
2847:
2825:. Retrieved
2818:
2809:
2797:. Retrieved
2792:
2783:
2771:. Retrieved
2758:
2749:
2730:
2720:
2709:
2702:. Retrieved
2682:
2676:
2643:
2639:
2619:
2607:. Retrieved
2603:the original
2598:
2589:
2581:the original
2576:
2567:
2555:. Retrieved
2551:the original
2546:
2537:
2525:. Retrieved
2521:the original
2516:
2507:
2496:, retrieved
2492:the original
2487:
2478:
2453:
2445:
2425:
2419:
2407:. Retrieved
2398:
2388:
2368:
2361:
2334:
2329:
2309:
2303:
2294:
2288:
2278:20 September
2276:. Retrieved
2262:
2245:
2228:
2219:
2210:
2198:. Retrieved
2191:the original
2178:
2159:
2153:
2133:
2126:
2105:
2097:
2086:the original
2081:
2040:
2032:
2012:
1982:
1975:
1955:
1948:
1936:. Retrieved
1909:. Retrieved
1902:
1857:Candy making
1814:
1803:
1783:
1757:but high in
1748:
1717:
1702:
1690:wedding cake
1679:
1672:
1662:
1656:
1634:
1626:
1619:
1602:
1424:sugar panned
1367:cotton candy
1352:
1285:
1278:
1263:
1250:cookie dough
1227:
1222:
1214:
1208:
1200:
1195:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1175:
1168:
1163:
1156:
1150:
1147:candy, treat
1146:
1139:
1133:
1130:
1123:
1118:
1110:
1105:
1098:
1093:
1085:
1079:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1045:
1039:
1035:
1029:
1018:
1014:
1010:
995:
987:
983:
975:
957:
926:
838:
778:quick breads
772:
707:
629:Choux pastry
608:
516:
505:butter cakes
491:
464:
429:
424:Petits fours
397:invert sugar
385:disaccharide
374:
354:
347:
337:
319:
300:barley sugar
291:
282:pulled sugar
278:
254:Ancient Rome
231:
225:
221:
217:
196:
189:frankencense
179:
175:
173:
151:
145:
142:confectioner
141:
139:
130:
126:
120:
116:
108:
107:, short for
104:
102:
85:
83:
78:
74:
66:
58:
57:
43:
7255:WikiProject
6835:Kosher food
6217:Singaporean
6207:Seychellois
6182:Sammarinese
6065:Palestinian
6025:New Zealand
5995:Montenegrin
5965:Mauritanian
5960:Marshallese
5772:Piedmontese
5700:Minangkabau
5670:Gorontalese
5451:Heptanesean
5367:Kapampangan
5290:Greenlandic
5166:Cameroonian
5034:Bangladeshi
5024:Azerbaijani
4982:Southern US
4967:New Mexican
4962:New English
4937:Californian
4754:Continental
4600:Ontbijtkoek
4590:Marble cake
4585:Mané pelado
4580:Louise cake
4533:Gingerbread
4523:Coffee cake
4518:Carrot cake
4442:Simnel cake
4263:Bienenstich
4258:Berlingozzo
4246:Yeast cakes
4104:Pandan cake
3824:Dobos torte
3776:Layer cakes
3761:Raisin cake
3736:Mango float
3706:Dundee cake
3691:Cherry cake
3669:Banana cake
3641:Sachertorte
3626:Joffre cake
3611:Garash cake
3477:Cheesecakes
3228:Sugar candy
3195:Chewing gum
3066:Penny candy
3056:Chewing gum
3051:Sugar candy
3039:By category
2981:Confections
2704:16 November
2527:30 November
2110:. Penguin.
2073:Day, Ivan.
1849:Food portal
1790:sugar candy
1779:food energy
1723:Sachertorte
1677:to guests.
1675:hospitality
1547:Marshmallow
1511:jelly beans
1466:candy canes
1462:lemon drops
1458:gobstoppers
1347:caramelized
1258:sugar candy
1140:candy floss
1134:fairy floss
1007:New Zealand
970:, and some
945:chewing gum
644:puff pastry
543:Welsh cakes
381:table sugar
377:peppermints
304:cough drops
302:and modern
156:Middle Ages
90:baked goods
67:confections
7280:Categories
7078:Vegetarian
6857:Historical
6601:Indonesian
6549:Indonesian
6519:Australian
6441:Zimbabwean
6421:Vietnamese
6416:Venezuelan
6304:Sri Lankan
6272:Cantabrian
6247:Andalusian
6197:Senegalese
6177:Salvadoran
6125:Circassian
6095:Portuguese
6080:Paraguayan
6070:Panamanian
6030:Nicaraguan
6005:Mozambican
5985:Monégasque
5938:Sarawakian
5913:Macedonian
5903:Lithuanian
5767:Neapolitan
5640:Indonesian
5598:Rajasthani
5573:Meghalayan
5548:Jharkhandi
5503:Arunachali
5458:Guatemalan
5389:La RĂ©union
5322:Ecuadorian
5297:Djiboutian
5044:Belarusian
5014:Australian
4942:Floribbean
4675:Welsh cake
4650:Sugee cake
4640:Ruske kape
4625:Petit four
4575:Lolly cake
4550:Heavy cake
4508:Cake balls
4503:Bulla cake
4452:Stack cake
4407:Kransekake
4361:Buccellato
4217:Sans rival
4207:Mango cake
4164:Foam cakes
4139:Swiss roll
4134:Spice cake
4099:Opera cake
4064:Ladyfinger
4024:Fanta cake
4019:Donauwelle
3999:Bundt cake
3949:Spettekaka
3934:Baumkuchen
3926:Spit cakes
3916:VĂnarterta
3844:Liver cake
3789:Bolo fiado
3784:Angel cake
3731:Mango cake
3716:Genoa cake
3674:BĂĄnh chuá»i
3664:Apple cake
3656:Fruitcakes
3606:Fudge cake
3581:Batik cake
3541:Falculelle
3467:Pound cake
3291:Jelly bean
3236:Hard candy
3203:Bubble gum
2409:17 October
2200:3 February
1883:References
1715:in 1868.
1621:Shelf life
1601:(British:
1583:Pastillage
1541:star anise
1501:, gum, or
1470:rock candy
1450:Hard candy
1378:Chocolates
1371:snack food
1359:candy bars
1312:Rock candy
1185:blancmange
1136:(archaic)
1106:hard candy
992:rock candy
943:and nuts,
937:chocolates
929:snack food
780:, such as
739:Oliebollen
590:spit cakes
521:cheesecake
513:foam cakes
474:See also:
409:corn syrup
401:hydrolysis
113:pastillage
109:sweetmeats
65:of making
36:Sweetbread
7157:sociology
7036:Fast food
7031:Classique
6895:Byzantine
6796:Mennonite
6781:Christian
6769:Religious
6730:Peranakan
6678:Sephardic
6663:Ethiopian
6653:Ashkenazi
6606:Malaysian
6559:Pakistani
6554:Malaysian
6529:Cambodian
6479:Aromanian
6411:Vanuatuan
6401:Uruguayan
6396:Ukrainian
6349:Zanzibari
6344:Tanzanian
6334:Taiwanese
6297:Valencian
6292:Manchegan
6227:Slovenian
6140:Mordovian
6060:Pakistani
6050:Norwegian
5990:Mongolian
5970:Mauritian
5945:Maldivian
5928:Malaysian
5821:Jordanian
5782:Sardinian
5742:Abruzzese
5710:Sundanese
5695:Minahasan
5618:Telangana
5603:Sikkimese
5553:Karnataka
5488:Icelandic
5483:Hungarian
5352:Ethiopian
5302:Dominican
5255:Congolese
5250:Colombian
5218:Hong Kong
5213:Cantonese
5181:Québécois
5161:Cambodian
5156:Burundian
5146:Burkinabé
5141:Bulgarian
5094:Anguillia
5084:Brazilian
5064:Bhutanese
5039:Barbadian
5004:Argentine
4825:Levantine
4815:Caucasian
4788:Caribbean
4635:Rice cake
4488:Beer cake
4447:Soul cake
4417:Love cake
4393:King cake
4349:occasions
4313:Gugelhupf
4278:Campanile
4273:Cacavellu
4232:Yema cake
4197:Kyiv cake
4192:Dacquoise
4129:Shortcake
4084:Mantecada
4079:Madeleine
4069:Lamington
4039:Frog cake
4009:Charlotte
3834:Flan cake
3751:Plum cake
3746:Panpepato
3681:Black bun
3631:Kladdkaka
3566:Chocolate
3546:Financier
3519:Nut cakes
3353:Doughnuts
3322:Lollipops
3122:Chocolate
3061:Chocolate
1745:Nutrition
1739:souvenirs
1698:Halloween
1682:Christmas
1593:tableting
1529:Liquorice
1484:Ice cream
1454:lollipops
1382:chocolate
1363:chocolate
1355:lollipops
1324:chocolate
1322:A bar of
1287:Ice cream
1209:candy bar
1052:candy bar
1003:Australia
953:chocolate
949:ice cream
921:chocolate
917:ice cream
875:lebkuchen
833:rock cake
709:Doughnuts
663:pie crust
588:European
501:king cake
452:doughnuts
266:sugarcane
162:Etymology
152:confiseur
147:patissier
7296:Desserts
7245:Cookbook
7225:Category
7127:Cookbook
7109:Prepared
7073:Nouvelle
7051:Eurasian
6980:Medieval
6776:Buddhist
6710:Ossetian
6695:Livonian
6673:Moroccan
6658:Bukharan
6648:American
6586:Hazaragi
6564:Peruvian
6539:Filipino
6534:Canadian
6514:American
6484:Assyrian
6381:Tuvaluan
6366:Tunisian
6361:Togolese
6309:Sudanese
6287:Galician
6267:Canarian
6257:Balearic
6252:Asturian
6105:Romanian
6085:Peruvian
6040:Nigerian
6020:Nepalese
6010:Namibian
6000:Moroccan
5980:Moldovan
5923:Malawian
5918:Malagasy
5888:Liberian
5878:Lebanese
5814:Okinawan
5809:Japanese
5804:Jamaican
5792:Venetian
5787:Sicilian
5762:Lucanian
5752:Ligurian
5690:Makassar
5685:Madurese
5680:Javanese
5650:Balinese
5645:Acehnese
5568:Manipuri
5543:Kashmiri
5538:Haryanvi
5533:Gujarati
5508:Assamese
5478:Honduran
5441:Epirotic
5426:Ghanaian
5416:Georgian
5406:Gabonese
5384:Corsican
5362:Filipino
5347:Estonian
5342:Eritrean
5327:Egyptian
5260:Croatian
5243:Xinjiang
5228:Shandong
5223:Macanese
5171:Canadian
5136:Bruneian
5124:Scottish
5079:Botswana
5069:Bolivian
5059:Beninese
5054:Belizean
5029:Bahraini
5019:Austrian
5009:Armenian
4947:Hawaiian
4932:American
4927:Algerian
4922:Albanian
4909:regional
4904:National
4869:Oceanian
4842:European
4783:Americas
4747:Cuisines
4705:Category
4665:Tiramisu
4620:Parrozzo
4595:Nonnette
4513:Cake pop
4498:Bizcocho
4483:Basbousa
4427:Mooncake
4333:Rum baba
4318:Inuliata
4283:Canestru
4268:Breudher
4227:Ube cake
4169:meringue
4124:Rum cake
4004:Castella
3954:TrdelnĂk
3896:Spekkoek
3864:Tompouce
3741:Panforte
3726:Kornigou
3711:Fig cake
3686:Bolo-rei
3576:Amandine
3358:Pastries
3348:Desserts
3286:Licorice
3256:Marzipan
3241:Caramels
2827:30 April
2820:BBC News
2799:30 April
2773:4 August
2767:Archived
2698:Archived
2668:19980997
2660:20112158
2403:Archived
2272:Archived
1835:See also
1781:source.
1759:calories
1719:Tourists
1669:) (1787)
1667:ja:éœćæćłäŒ
1577:Persipan
1557:Marzipan
1515:gumdrops
1505:such as
1426:candies.
1388:Divinity
1343:Brittles
1297:Examples
1048:Snickers
859:pizzelle
831:A sweet
697:Mooncake
448:pastries
446:, sweet
393:fructose
294:al pÀnÀd
287:al fÀnÀd
258:Persians
7265:Outline
7235:Commons
7152:history
7132:Cooking
7120:Related
6990:Peasant
6985:Ottoman
6955:Hittite
6830:Kashrut
6813:Chinese
6808:Islamic
6720:Pashtun
6690:Kurdish
6668:Mizrahi
6596:English
6524:British
6509:Chinese
6489:Balochi
6436:Zambian
6391:Ugandan
6376:Turkmen
6371:Turkish
6319:Swedish
6277:Catalan
6242:Spanish
6202:Serbian
6167:Rwandan
6130:Cossack
6120:Chechen
6115:Bashkir
6110:Russian
6015:Nauruan
5975:Mexican
5955:Maltese
5933:Sabahan
5883:Lesotho
5873:Latvian
5858:Kuwaiti
5853:Kosovan
5799:Ivorian
5757:Lombard
5747:Apulian
5737:Italian
5732:Israeli
5717:Iranian
5623:Tripuri
5593:Punjabi
5513:Bengali
5473:Haitian
5468:Guinean
5411:Gambian
5399:Occitan
5374:Finnish
5332:Emirati
5285:Faroese
5270:Cypriot
5238:Tibetan
5233:Sichuan
5208:Beijing
5203:Chinese
5198:Chilean
5193:Chadian
5176:Acadian
5151:Burmese
5104:English
5089:British
5049:Belgian
4999:Angolan
4857:Eastern
4852:Central
4820:Central
4761:African
4660:Teacake
4645:Soufflé
4610:Pancake
4528:Cupcake
4462:Strenna
4457:Stollen
4347:Special
4328:Pandoro
4293:Cozonac
4212:Pavlova
4114:Pionono
4044:GĂ©noise
3979:BĂĄnh bĂČ
3944:Ć akotis
3859:Ć ampita
3799:Cassata
3495:Ostkaka
3485:Fiadone
3343:Cookies
3266:Praline
2948:14 July
2929:14 July
2609:18 June
2557:18 June
2498:15 July
2399:NPR.org
1911:2 March
1755:protein
1705:Cadbury
1658:wagashi
1523:gummies
1519:jujubes
1503:gelatin
1490:and/or
1478:chikkis
1474:brittle
1420:almonds
1181:custard
1176:pudding
1164:dessert
1153:(rare)
1151:, sweet
1113:(rare)
1011:lollies
996:Lollies
984:suiteis
968:Ireland
964:Britain
840:Cookies
790:cupcake
782:bannock
684:pastry.
678:Baklava
557:Korean
497:stollen
460:cookies
432:dessert
389:glucose
338:In the
323:comfits
204:History
131:lollies
61:is the
7041:Fusion
7024:Styles
7010:Soviet
6975:Mughal
6970:Muisca
6760:Yup'ik
6750:Tejano
6740:Romani
6683:Syrian
6643:Jewish
6591:Indian
6576:Gagauz
6544:Indian
6499:Buryat
6494:Berber
6450:Ethnic
6431:Yemeni
6329:Syrian
6262:Basque
6232:Somali
6222:Slovak
6155:Udmurt
6100:Qatari
6090:Polish
6045:Niuean
5950:Malian
5893:Libyan
5863:Kyrgyz
5836:Korean
5831:Kenyan
5826:Kazakh
5665:Betawi
5655:Banjar
5608:Sindhi
5558:Kerala
5518:Bihari
5498:Andhra
5493:Indian
5436:Cretan
5421:German
5379:French
5357:Fijian
5280:Danish
4917:Afghan
4877:Global
4847:Balkan
4615:Parkin
4412:Lekach
3974:Bahulu
3964:Sponge
3551:Neccio
3378:
3331:Sweets
3276:Nougat
3261:Dragée
3246:Toffee
2908:
2889:
2866:
2737:
2690:
2666:
2658:
2466:
2433:
2376:
2317:
2253:
2236:
2166:
2141:
2114:
2053:
2020:
1990:
1963:
1938:27 May
1735:tablet
1731:fudges
1686:Easter
1653:sweets
1609:Toffee
1589:Tablet
1567:Mithai
1561:almond
1525:, etc.
1499:pectin
1488:fruits
1446:seeds.
1444:sesame
1440:tahini
1436:Halvah
1416:Dragée
1410:toffee
1392:nougat
1349:sugar.
1291:sorbet
1149:(rare)
1019:Chuddy
976:sweets
873:Spicy
774:Scones
682:phyllo
610:Pastry
511:, and
509:tortes
486:, and
458:, and
456:scones
405:starch
262:Greeks
222:khanda
218:mithai
127:sweets
105:sweets
94:breads
52:Krokan
7291:Candy
7142:Drink
7087:Lists
7058:Haute
6965:Mayan
6890:Aztec
6803:Hindu
6715:Parsi
6705:Malay
6633:Inuit
6504:Cajun
6406:Uzbek
6339:Tajik
6324:Swiss
6314:Swazi
6160:Yamal
6150:Tatar
6145:Sakha
6055:Omani
6035:Niger
5777:Roman
5727:Irish
5722:Iraqi
5660:Batak
5613:Tamil
5431:Greek
5312:Dutch
5275:Czech
5265:Cuban
5129:Welsh
4992:Texan
4830:South
4810:Asian
4798:South
4793:North
4766:North
4538:house
4476:Other
4432:PascÄ
4202:MamĂłn
3966:cakes
3911:Torte
3568:cakes
3447:Babka
3420:Cakes
3338:Cakes
3281:Mints
3251:Taffy
3165:Fudge
3075:Lists
3032:Candy
2664:S2CID
2194:(PDF)
2187:(PDF)
2089:(PDF)
2078:(PDF)
1800:Risks
1696:, or
1603:chews
1599:Taffy
1559:: An
1430:Fudge
1406:Dodol
1254:icing
1244:This
1189:jelly
1157:sweet
1060:sweet
1040:treat
1036:Sweet
1031:candy
1015:Chewy
988:Candy
982:word
978:(the
493:Cakes
470:Types
444:cakes
440:baked
436:flour
234:honey
226:candy
212:Some
185:muske
181:Ambre
122:candy
98:baker
50:This
7176:Meal
7164:Diet
7147:Food
6960:Inca
6847:Sikh
6825:Jain
6820:Ital
6745:SĂĄmi
6467:Arab
6462:Ainu
6356:Thai
6135:Komi
5675:Indo
5588:Odia
5583:Naga
5578:Mizo
5528:Goan
4862:list
4835:list
4803:list
4776:list
4771:West
4570:Kuih
4167:and
2950:2018
2931:2008
2906:ISBN
2887:ISBN
2864:ISBN
2829:2024
2801:2024
2775:2017
2735:ISBN
2706:2021
2688:ISBN
2656:PMID
2611:2014
2559:2014
2529:2011
2500:2014
2464:ISBN
2431:ISBN
2411:2021
2374:ISBN
2315:ISBN
2280:2018
2251:ISBN
2234:ISBN
2202:2018
2164:ISBN
2139:ISBN
2112:ISBN
2051:ISBN
2018:ISBN
1988:ISBN
1961:ISBN
1940:2024
1913:2021
1823:and
1810:lead
1769:and
1753:and
1733:and
1688:, a
1492:nuts
1408:: A
1400:nuts
1390:: A
1289:and
1256:and
1017:and
1005:and
919:and
517:cake
391:and
272:and
252:and
195:and
77:and
7169:Fat
5868:Lao
4906:and
4565:Kue
4543:man
2648:doi
2351:doi
1700:.
1460:),
1396:egg
1024:In
1001:In
962:In
659:Pie
403:of
290:or
63:art
7282::
3510:Tu
2817:.
2791:.
2757:.
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