1606:
FGF9 that spreads throughout the developing XY gonad, leading to further differentiation of
Sertoli cells via the up-regulation of SOX9. SOX9 and SRY are also believed to be responsible for many of the later processes of testis development (such as Leydig cell differentiation, sex cord formation, and formation of testis-specific vasculature), although exact mechanisms remain unclear. It has been shown, however, that SOX9, in the presence of PDG2, acts directly on Amh (encoding anti-Müllerian hormone) and is capable of inducing testis formation in XX mice gonads, indicating it is vital to testes development.
345:
322:
1824:
and external genitalia were reversed. When the piglets were born they were phenotypically male but expressed female genitalia. Another study done on mice used TALEN technology to produce an SRY knockout model. These mice expressed external and internal genitalia as well as a normal female level of circulating testosterone. These mice, despite having XY chromosomes, expressed a normal estrus cycle albeit with reduced fertility. Both of these studies highlighted the role that SRY plays in the development of the testes and other male reproductive organs.
4279:
1549:, another transcriptional regulator) complex and bind to TESCO (testis-specific enhancer of Sox9 core), the testes-specific enhancer element of the Sox9 gene in Sertoli cell precursors, located upstream of the Sox9 gene transcription start site. Specifically, it is the HMG region of SRY that binds to the minor groove of the DNA target sequence, causing the DNA to bend and unwind. The establishment of this particular DNA "architecture" facilitates the transcription of the Sox9 gene. In the nucleus of Sertoli cells, SOX9 directly targets the
4264:
244:
219:
4234:
4249:
596:
351:
250:
9936:
1126:
1505:), which in turn leads to further upregulation of SOX9. Once proper SOX9 levels are reached, the bipotential cells of the gonad begin to differentiate into Sertoli cells. Additionally, cells expressing SRY will continue to proliferate to form the primordial testis. This brief review constitutes the basic series of events, but there are many more factors that influence sex differentiation.
1743:. SRY encodes a protein that controls the concentration of dopamine, the neurotransmitter that carries signals from the brain that control movement and coordination. Research in mice has shown that a mutation in SOX10, an SRY encoded transcription factor, is linked to the condition of Dominant megacolon in mice. This mouse model is being used to investigate the link between SRY and
56:
1711:
produced and initiate the development of other male sexual characteristics. Comparably, if SRY is not present for XX, there will be a lack of the SRY based on no Y chromosome. The lack of SRY will allow the cortex of embryonic gonads to develop into ovaries, which will then produce estrogen, and lead to the development of other female sexual characteristics.
1785:
and were not disqualified. Specifically, eight female participants (out of a total of 3387) at these games were found to have the SRY gene. However, after further investigation of their genetic conditions, all these athletes were verified as female and allowed to compete. These athletes were found to
1597:
The SF-1 protein, on its own, leads to minimal transcription of the SOX9 gene in both the XX and XY bipotential gonadal cells along the urogenital ridge. However, binding of the SRY-SF1 complex to the testis-specific enhancer (TESCO) on SOX9 leads to significant up-regulation of the gene in only the
1598:
XY gonad, while transcription in the XX gonad remains negligible. Part of this up-regulation is accomplished by SOX9 itself through a positive feedback loop; like SRY, SOX9 complexes with SF1 and binds to the TESCO enhancer, leading to further expression of SOX9 in the XY gonad. Two other proteins,
1823:
One of the knockout models for the SRY gene was done in pigs. Through the use of CRISPR technology the SRY gene was knocked out in male pigs. The target for the CRISPR technology is the high mobility group located on the SRY gene. The research showed that with the absence of SRY, both the internal
1642:
occurs when a body has 46:XX Karyotype and SRY attaches to one of them through translocation. People with XX male syndrome have a XX Karyotype but are male. Individuals with either of these syndromes can experience delayed puberty, infertility, and growth features of the opposite sex they identify
1706:
While the presence or absence of SRY has generally determined whether or not testis development occurs, it has been suggested that there are other factors that affect the functionality of SRY. Therefore, there are individuals who have the SRY gene, but still develop as females, either because the
1605:
SOX9 and SRY are believed to be responsible for the cell-autonomous differentiation of supporting cell precursors in the gonads into
Sertoli cells, the beginning of testes development. These initial Sertoli cells, in the center of the gonad, are hypothesized to be the starting point for a wave of
1710:
Additionally, other sex determining systems that rely on SRY beyond XY are the processes that come after SRY is present or absent in the development of an embryo. In a normal system, if SRY is present for XY, SRY will activate the medulla to develop gonads into testes. Testosterone will then be
1806:
Despite the progress made during the past several decades in the study of sex determination, the SRY gene, and its protein, work is still being conducted to further understanding in these areas. There remain factors that need to be identified in the sex-determining molecular network, and the
1364:
has little in common with sex determination genes of other model organisms, therefore, mice are the main model research organisms that can be utilized for its study. Understanding its regulation is further complicated because even between mammalian species, there is little protein
82:
1633:
Most of the time, when a developing sperm cell undergoes crossover during meiosis, the SRY gene stays on the Y chromosome. If the SRY gene is transferred to the X chromosome instead of staying on the Y chromosome, testis development will no longer occur. This is known as
1428:
and an N-terminal Pro/Glu-rich region and primarily functions as an activator. Mutation of the zinc fingers or inactivation of WT1 results in reduced male gonad size. Deletion of the gene resulted in complete sex reversal. It is not clear how WT1 functions to up-regulate
1602:(fibroblast growth factor 9) and PDG2 (prostaglandin D2), also maintain this up-regulation. Although their exact pathways are not fully understood, they have been proven to be essential for the continued expression of SOX9 at the levels necessary for testes development.
1731:(AIS). Individuals with AIS are unable to respond to androgens properly due to a defect in their androgen receptor gene, and affected individuals can have complete or partial AIS. SRY has also been linked to the fact that males are more likely than females to develop
1419:
binding sites leads to a 90% reduction in gene transcription. Studies of SF1 have resulted in less definite results. Mutations of SF1 can lead to sex reversal, and deletion can lead to incomplete gonad development. However, it is not clear how SF1 interacts with the
1437:, which stands for dosage-sensitive sex reversal, adrenal hypoplasia critical region, on chromosome X, gene 1. An additional copy of DAX1 in mice leads to sex reversal. It is not clear how DAX1 functions, and many different pathways have been suggested, including
1638:, characterized by an XY karyotype and a female phenotype. Individuals who have this syndrome have normally formed uteri and fallopian tubes, but the gonads are not functional. Swyer syndrome individuals are usually considered as females. On the other spectrum,
1790:, despite having an SRY gene, making them externally phenotypically female. In the late 1990s, a number of relevant professional societies in United States called for elimination of gender verification, including the
3387:
Haqq CM, King CY, Ukiyama E, Falsafi S, Haqq TN, Donahoe PK, et al. (December 1994). "Molecular basis of mammalian sexual determination: activation of Müllerian inhibiting substance gene expression by SRY".
3241:
1433:, but some research suggests that it helps stabilize message processing. However, there are complications to this hypothesis, because WT1 also is responsible for expression of an antagonist of male development,
358:
257:
3879:
Sinclair AH, Berta P, Palmer MS, Hawkins JR, Griffiths BL, Smith MJ, et al. (July 1990). "A gene from the human sex-determining region encodes a protein with homology to a conserved DNA-binding motif".
4278:
3820:
Müller J, Schwartz M, Skakkebaek NE (July 1992). "Analysis of the sex-determining region of the Y chromosome (SRY) in sex reversed patients: point-mutation in SRY causing sex-reversion in a 46,XY female".
2111:
Katoh K, Miyata T (December 1999). "A heuristic approach of maximum likelihood method for inferring phylogenetic tree and an application to the mammalian SOX-3 origin of the testis-determining gene SRY".
1496:
cells). SRY initiates testis differentiation by activating male-specific transcription factors that allow these bipotential cells to differentiate and proliferate. SRY accomplishes this by upregulating
4319:
4058:
Ellis NA, Goodfellow PJ, Pym B, Smith M, Palmer M, Frischauf AM, et al. (January 1989). "The pseudoautosomal boundary in man is defined by an Alu repeat sequence inserted on the Y chromosome".
4263:
4103:
Whitfield LS, Hawkins TL, Goodfellow PN, Sulston J (May 1995). "41 kilobases of analyzed sequence from the pseudoautosomal and sex-determining regions of the short arm of the human Y chromosome".
1811:
screening of the genital ridge genes at varying developmental stages, mutagenesis screens in mice for sex-reversal phenotypes, and identifying the genes that transcription factors act on using
4233:
4248:
1415:
The promoter region has two Sp1 binding sites, at -150 and -13 that function as regulatory sites. Sp1 is a transcription factor that binds GC-rich consensus sequences, and mutation of the
1441:
transcriptional destabilization and RNA binding. There is evidence from work on suppression of male development that DAX1 can interfere with function of SF1, and in turn transcription of
2414:"The molecular action and regulation of the testis-determining factors, SRY (sex-determining region on the Y chromosome) and SOX9 [SRY-related high-mobility group (HMG) box 9]"
1614:
Embryos are gonadally identical, regardless of genetic sex, until a certain point in development when the testis-determining factor causes male sex organs to develop. A typical male
1807:
chromosomal changes involved in many other human sex-reversal cases are still unknown. Scientists continue to search for additional sex-determining genes, using techniques such as
1755:, or the process of cartilage formation, and manifests as skeletal CD. Two thirds of 46,XY individuals diagnosed with CD have fluctuating amounts of male-to-female sex reversal.
9763:
4312:
1707:
gene itself is defective or mutated, or because one of the contributing factors is defective. This can happen in individuals exhibiting a XY, XXY, or XX SRY-positive karyotype.
1322:
is a quickly evolving gene, and its regulation has been difficult to study because sex determination is not a highly conserved phenomenon within the animal kingdom. Even within
3633:
Hawkins JR, Taylor A, Berta P, Levilliers J, Van der Auwera B, Goodfellow PN (February 1992). "Mutational analysis of SRY: nonsense and missense mutations in XY sex reversal".
1349:
is one of only four genes on the human Y chromosome that have been shown to have arisen from the original Y chromosome. The other genes on the human Y chromosome arose from an
1272:. SRY gene effects normally take place 6–8 weeks after fetus formation which inhibits the female anatomical structural growth in males. It also works towards developing the
5241:
3968:
Berta P, Hawkins JR, Sinclair AH, Taylor A, Griffiths BL, Goodfellow PN, et al. (November 1990). "Genetic evidence equating SRY and the testis-determining factor".
3234:
1936:
Berta P, Hawkins JR, Sinclair AH, Taylor A, Griffiths BL, Goodfellow PN, et al. (November 1990). "Genetic evidence equating SRY and the testis-determining factor".
9731:
4305:
5740:
1424:
promoter directly. The promoter region also has two WT1 binding sites at -78 and -87 bp from the ATG codon. WT1 is transcription factor that has four C-terminal
3850:
McElreavey KD, Vilain E, Boucekkine C, Vidaud M, Jaubert F, Richaud F, et al. (July 1992). "XY sex reversal associated with a nonsense mutation in SRY".
3748:
Jäger RJ, Harley VR, Pfeiffer RA, Goodfellow PN, Scherer G (December 1992). "A familial mutation in the testis-determining gene SRY shared by both sexes".
9756:
864:
180:
7947:
845:
4013:
Jäger RJ, Anvret M, Hall K, Scherer G (November 1990). "A human XY female with a frame shift mutation in the candidate testis-determining gene SRY".
6625:
5647:
5642:
5637:
1369:. The only conserved group in mice and other mammals is the HMG box region that is responsible for DNA binding. Mutations in this region result in
5286:
3044:
Pritchett J, Athwal V, Roberts N, Hanley NA, Hanley KP (2011). "Understanding the role of SOX9 in acquired diseases: lessons from development".
9749:
5271:
4957:
151:, SRXX1, SRXY1, TDF, TDY, Testis determining factor, sex determining region Y, Sex-determining region of Y-chromosome, Sex-determining region Y
1918:
1900:
1380:, regulatory elements and regulation are not well understood. Within related mammalian groups there are homologies within the first 400–600
5780:
1777:
in 1992. Athletes with an SRY gene were not permitted to participate as females, although all athletes in whom this was "detected" at the
9575:
9559:
4378:
5632:
1501:, a transcription factor with a DNA-binding site very similar to SRY's. SOX9 leads to the upregulation of fibroblast growth factor 9 (
8348:
8343:
8338:
8333:
8328:
5417:
5410:
5405:
5393:
5388:
5383:
5378:
5373:
5301:
2304:
Graves JA (December 2015). "Weird mammals provide insights into the evolution of mammalian sex chromosomes and dosage compensation".
2694:
9297:
7420:
1064:
1071:
9855:
8508:
8503:
8453:
8443:
8423:
8408:
8388:
8313:
8293:
7435:
7430:
6096:
4287:: 3D Solution NMR Structure of the M9I Mutant of the HMG-Box Domain of the Human Male Sex Determining Factor SRY Complexed to DNA
9802:
7664:
7622:
7617:
7612:
7550:
7384:
7172:
7123:
7118:
5165:
5155:
4213:
3549:
3514:
2838:
1883:
1675:
SRY gene is transferred to the X chromosome instead of staying on the Y chromosome, testis development will no longer occur.
9960:
79:
9060:
4952:
4524:
4272:: 3D Solution NMR Structure of the Wild Type HMG-BOX Domain of the Human Male Sex Determining Factor Sry Complexed to DNA
3927:"Clinical and pathologic spectrum of 46,XY gonadal dysgenesis: its relevance to the understanding of sex differentiation"
1862:
3122:
1727:
and individuals with XY karyotype and a functional SRY gene can have an outwardly female phenotype due to an underlying
9975:
9939:
9329:
8228:
6315:
3672:"Evidence for increased prevalence of SRY mutations in XY females with complete rather than partial gonadal dysgenesis"
1468:. Studies suggest that FOG2 and GATA4 associate with nucleosome remodeling proteins that could lead to its activation.
5773:
5768:
5696:
5686:
4563:
4553:
4388:
4188:
provides an overview of all the structure information available in the PDB for Human Sex-determining region Y protein
2513:
1589:
loop, involving SOX9 acting as its own transcription factor and resulting in the synthesis of large amounts of SOX9.
344:
9795:
5691:
5605:
1838:
1273:
35:
4242:: THE 3D STRUCTURE OF THE HUMAN SRY-DNA COMPLEX SOLVED BY MULTID-DIMENSIONAL HETERONUCLEAR-EDITED AND-FILTERED NMR
1630:, when a sperm cell is developing, can result in karyotypes that are not typical for their phenotypic expression.
1618:
is XY, whereas a female's is XX. There are exceptions, however, in which SRY plays a major role. Individuals with
8627:
5903:
5893:
4494:
4373:
4257:: THE 3D STRUCTURE OF THE HUMAN SRY-DNA COMPLEX SOLVED BY MULTI-DIMENSIONAL HETERONUCLEAR-EDITED AND-FILTERED NMR
1887:
1866:
1787:
1774:
1728:
1720:
1464:
transcription. FOGs have zinc finger motifs that can bind DNA, but there is no evidence of FOG2 interaction with
321:
2719:
2262:"Phylogeny of the SOX family of developmental transcription factors based on sequence and structural indicators"
9965:
6258:
5898:
5593:
1808:
909:
9540:
9535:
8686:
5598:
1812:
1794:, stating that the method used was uncertain and ineffective. Chromosomal screening was eliminated as of the
1518:
4170:
3266:
Kurtz S, Lucas-Hahn A, Schlegelberger B, Göhring G, Niemann H, Mettenleiter TC, et al. (January 2021).
2984:"Mutation of the Sry-related Sox10 gene in Dominant megacolon, a mouse model for human Hirschsprung disease"
1747:, or congenital megacolon in humans. There is also a link between SRY encoded transcription factor SOX9 and
890:
9916:
9635:
7971:
6121:
5674:
5664:
2726:. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
2675:. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
1791:
1643:
with. XX male syndrome expressers may develop breasts, and those with Swyer syndrome may have facial hair.
1581:). The reentry of SOX9 into the nucleus is facilitated by autocrine or paracrine signaling conducted by PGD
1392:
promoter have shown that a region of at least 310 bp upstream to translational start site are required for
1202:
243:
218:
160:
1396:
promoter function. It has been shown that binding of three transcription factors, steroidogenic factor 1 (
9850:
9845:
9840:
8140:
8135:
7686:
5763:
5681:
5669:
4745:
3787:"Familial case with sequence variant in the testis-determining region associated with two sex phenotypes"
2453:
Knower KC, Kelly S, Harley VR (2003). "Turning on the male--SRY, SOX9 and sex determination in mammals".
5876:
4874:
1764:
1695:
Characterized by a body that has 46:XX Karyotype and SRY attaches to one of them through translocation.
3104:
357:
256:
9885:
9807:
9292:
6173:
6158:
6141:
6136:
6131:
6126:
6037:
6012:
5888:
5800:
5790:
4947:
4420:
4206:
2982:
Herbarth B, Pingault V, Bondurand N, Kuhlbrodt K, Hermans-Borgmeyer I, Puliti A, et al. (1998).
1782:
147:
4297:
1269:
350:
249:
9835:
9772:
9034:
8669:
8185:
7758:
7597:
6532:
6527:
6512:
5987:
5962:
5844:
5795:
5588:
4979:
4445:
4174:
4164:
2904:
2537:
Sekido R, Lovell-Badge R (January 2009). "Sex determination and SRY: down to a wink and a nudge?".
1833:
1622:
inherit a normal Y chromosome and multiple X chromosomes, giving them a karyotype of XXY. Atypical
1554:
1401:
168:
17:
1318:. Monotremes lack SRY and some of their sex chromosomes share homology with bird sex chromosomes.
9399:
7440:
6757:
5871:
5859:
1168:
4180:
3925:
Berkovitz GD, Fechner PY, Zacur HW, Rock JA, Snyder HM, Migeon CJ, et al. (November 1991).
3536:. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. Vol. 511. pp. 1–13, discussion 13–4.
3152:
Elsas LJ, Ljungqvist A, Ferguson-Smith MA, Simpson JL, Genel M, Carlson AS, et al. (2000).
1769:
One of the most controversial uses of this discovery was as a means for sex verification at the
1047:
1026:
1000:
979:
9790:
9776:
9530:
7577:
7572:
5967:
5864:
5659:
5620:
4683:
4332:
1740:
1546:
1397:
1225:
3705:
Ferrari S, Harley VR, Pontiggia A, Goodfellow PN, Lovell-Badge R, Bianchi ME (December 1992).
3604:
Polanco JC, Koopman P (February 2007). "Sry and the hesitant beginnings of male development".
3501:. Novartis Foundation Symposia. Vol. 244. pp. 57–66, discussion 66–7, 79–85, 253–7.
2745:
Polanco JC, Koopman P (February 2007). "Sry and the hesitant beginnings of male development".
1681:
Individuals have normally formed uteri and fallopian tubes, but the gonads are not functional.
9522:
9082:
5881:
5817:
5812:
5625:
4701:
2896:
1627:
1623:
1366:
3268:"Knockout of the HMG domain of the porcine SRY gene causes sex reversal in gene-edited pigs"
2782:"Ovaries and female phenotype in a girl with 46,XY karyotype and mutations in the CBX2 gene"
1658:
Inherit a normal Y chromosome and multiple X chromosomes, giving persons a karyotype of XXY.
9970:
9819:
9103:
9095:
6933:
6415:
5940:
5935:
5930:
5610:
5493:
4328:
4199:
4067:
4022:
3977:
3889:
3397:
3338:
3279:
2995:
2935:
2177:
2121:
1945:
1795:
1778:
1748:
1744:
1619:
1530:
1157:
232:
28:
2922:
Dewing P, Chiang CW, Sinchak K, Sim H, Fernagut PO, Kelly S, et al. (February 2006).
1480:
are in a bipotential state, meaning they possess the ability to become either male cells (
1460:
transcription is not clear, but FOG2 and GATA4 mutants have significantly lower levels of
653:
transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II distal enhancer sequence-specific binding
8:
9417:
9121:
8817:
7020:
6225:
5807:
5785:
5758:
5720:
5654:
3325:
Kato T, Miyata K, Sonobe M, Yamashita S, Tamano M, Miura K, et al. (November 2013).
2902:
2211:
Veyrunes F, Waters PD, Miethke P, Rens W, McMillan D, Alsop AE, et al. (June 2008).
1514:
1377:
1339:
1338:
differs between species. The gene sequence also changes; while the core of the gene, the
1245:
1153:
188:
9741:
4160:
4071:
4026:
3981:
3893:
3670:
Hawkins JR, Taylor A, Goodfellow PN, Migeon CJ, Smith KD, Berkovitz GD (November 1992).
3438:
3401:
3342:
3283:
2999:
2939:
2864:"SRY interacts with and negatively regulates androgen receptor transcriptional activity"
2181:
2125:
2013:
1988:
1949:
8955:
4091:
4046:
4001:
3956:
3913:
3803:
3786:
3773:
3722:
3688:
3671:
3658:
3592:
3485:
3359:
3326:
3302:
3267:
2961:
2806:
2781:
2601:
2576:
2505:
2478:
2378:
2353:
2329:
2237:
2212:
2193:
2145:
2026:
1969:
192:
3731:
3706:
2133:
779:
774:
769:
764:
759:
754:
749:
744:
739:
734:
729:
724:
719:
703:
698:
693:
688:
672:
667:
662:
657:
647:
642:
637:
8537:
8528:
8165:
7113:
5854:
5849:
4185:
4141:
4120:
4083:
4038:
3993:
3948:
3943:
3926:
3905:
3867:
3863:
3838:
3808:
3765:
3736:
3693:
3650:
3621:
3584:
3555:
3545:
3520:
3510:
3497:
Harley VR (2002). "The
Molecular Action of Testis-Determining Factors SRY and SOX9".
3477:
3442:
3413:
3364:
3307:
3216:
3211:
3194:
3175:
3170:
3153:
3061:
3023:
3018:
2983:
2953:
2885:
2844:
2834:
2811:
2762:
2647:
2606:
2554:
2519:
2509:
2470:
2435:
2383:
2333:
2321:
2283:
2242:
2213:"Bird-like sex chromosomes of platypus imply recent origin of mammal sex chromosomes"
2137:
2072:
2018:
1961:
1724:
1586:
1493:
1179:
140:
72:
3960:
3777:
3596:
3489:
2482:
2197:
2149:
2030:
1545:
to SRY, facilitating its import into the nucleus. Once in the nucleus, SRY and SF1 (
9814:
7064:
7046:
5615:
5562:
5336:
4112:
4095:
4075:
4050:
4030:
4005:
3985:
3938:
3917:
3897:
3859:
3830:
3798:
3757:
3726:
3718:
3683:
3662:
3642:
3613:
3576:
3537:
3502:
3467:
3434:
3405:
3354:
3346:
3297:
3287:
3206:
3165:
3053:
3013:
3003:
2965:
2943:
2875:
2801:
2793:
2754:
2668:
2637:
2596:
2588:
2546:
2501:
2462:
2425:
2373:
2369:
2365:
2313:
2273:
2232:
2224:
2185:
2129:
2062:
2008:
2000:
1973:
1953:
1639:
1574:
1513:
The SRY protein consists of three main regions. The central region encompasses the
1489:
1477:
1293:
437:
368:
312:
267:
172:
9205:
8428:
8298:
7462:
3057:
1798:, but this was later followed by other forms of testing based on hormone levels.
1237:
412:
196:
3785:
Vilain E, McElreavey K, Jaubert F, Raymond JP, Richaud F, Fellous M (May 1992).
3617:
3541:
2758:
1923:
National Center for
Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine
1905:
National Center for
Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine
1373:, where the opposite sex is produced. Because there is little conservation, the
9867:
9302:
7582:
7565:
5708:
5363:
4360:
3272:
Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
2797:
1752:
1635:
513:
4133:
3834:
3580:
3425:
Goodfellow PN, Lovell-Badge R (1993). "SRY and sex determination in mammals".
2948:
2923:
2848:
2550:
2317:
2189:
2004:
9954:
9906:
9860:
8160:
7500:
5925:
5713:
5041:
3130:
2352:
Ely D, Underwood A, Dunphy G, Boehme S, Turner M, Milsted A (November 2010).
2092:
1770:
1736:
1529:
domain can be phosphorylated to enhance DNA-binding. The process begins with
624:
3472:
3455:
3409:
3292:
1538:
1537:
of the nuclear localization signal regions, which allows for the binding of
573:
451:
9921:
9877:
9872:
9710:
9022:
8905:
8897:
8268:
8224:
7227:
7075:
4145:
4116:
3625:
3588:
3567:
Oh HJ, Lau YF (March 2006). "KRAB: a partner for SRY action on chromatin".
3559:
3524:
3506:
3368:
3311:
3220:
3179:
3065:
3008:
2957:
2924:"Direct regulation of adult brain function by the male-specific factor SRY"
2889:
2880:
2863:
2815:
2766:
2651:
2610:
2558:
2523:
2474:
2439:
2387:
2325:
2287:
2278:
2261:
2246:
2141:
2076:
2022:
1481:
1425:
1370:
1297:
1265:
1261:
1229:
1194:
1130:
430:
209:
4124:
4087:
4042:
3997:
3952:
3909:
3871:
3842:
3812:
3769:
3740:
3697:
3654:
3481:
3446:
3417:
3193:
Dickinson BD, Genel M, Robinowitz CB, Turner PL, Woods GL (October 2002).
3027:
2780:
Biason-Lauber A, Konrad D, Meyer M, DeBeaufort C, Schoenle EJ (May 2009).
2168:
Bakloushinskaya, I Y (2009). "Evolution of sex determination in mammals".
1965:
1111:
1106:
652:
595:
9394:
8997:
7477:
7192:
7157:
5546:
5351:
5346:
4789:
4593:
4588:
4484:
4364:
3532:
Jordan BK, Vilain E (2002). "SRY and the
Genetics of Sex Determination".
2592:
2430:
2413:
1534:
1485:
1385:
1257:
954:
935:
4134:"Nonsyndromic 46,XX Testicular Disorders/Differences of Sex Development"
673:
DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific
9706:
9657:
9129:
8733:
8642:
8622:
8595:
7942:
7691:
7540:
7528:
7523:
6522:
6517:
5281:
5276:
5254:
5120:
4938:
4642:
4583:
4578:
4558:
3761:
3646:
2228:
2067:
2050:
1542:
1526:
1522:
1476:
During gestation, the cells of the primordial gonad that lie along the
1381:
1307:
329:
226:
176:
3350:
2642:
2625:
2466:
117:
113:
109:
105:
101:
9580:
9570:
9553:
9027:
8800:
8046:
5751:
5180:
4838:
4327:
4079:
4034:
3989:
3901:
2833:(Eleventh ed.). Hoboken, New Jersey: Pearson Education Limited.
1989:"Sex determination in mammals--before and after the evolution of SRY"
1957:
1615:
1327:
1323:
1311:
1217:
1206:
1183:
809:
663:
DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific
396:
383:
295:
282:
184:
3265:
3151:
1125:
9911:
9047:
7187:
5746:
5703:
4755:
3327:"Production of Sry knockout mouse using TALEN via oocyte injection"
1732:
1350:
1345:, is conserved between species, other regions of the gene are not.
1248:. These cords form in the central part of the yet-undifferentiated
1241:
1210:
1198:
1095:
8825:
2981:
2903:
Lister Hill
National Center for Biomedical Communications (2008).
2779:
9447:
9427:
9422:
9134:
7108:
6892:
4804:
4799:
4794:
4782:
4777:
4102:
1342:
921:
876:
794:
790:
3849:
3704:
3079:
2498:
GATA Transcription
Factors in the Developing Reproductive System
164:
41:
Protein that initiates male sex determination in therian mammals
9628:
9623:
9618:
9608:
9603:
9322:
8877:
8872:
8867:
8862:
8128:
8123:
8000:
7995:
7990:
7975:
7966:
7961:
7956:
7935:
7849:
7844:
7632:
7627:
7607:
7602:
7592:
7587:
7425:
7377:
7372:
7367:
7362:
7332:
7327:
7322:
7317:
7287:
7237:
7232:
6995:
6915:
6887:
6882:
6877:
6872:
6867:
6862:
6857:
6852:
6847:
6842:
6837:
6832:
6827:
6822:
6817:
6812:
6807:
6802:
6792:
6787:
6782:
6777:
6772:
6767:
6762:
6752:
6747:
6742:
6702:
6655:
6650:
6645:
6640:
6635:
6630:
6620:
6608:
6603:
6369:
6364:
6359:
6241:
6236:
6208:
6203:
6188:
6183:
6178:
6168:
6163:
6151:
6146:
5518:
5513:
5508:
5503:
5498:
5473:
5400:
5368:
5311:
5306:
5093:
5088:
5083:
4967:
4772:
4662:
4657:
4630:
4625:
4620:
4546:
1315:
1253:
1187:
1175:
1172:
1079:
831:
604:
4191:
3784:
3192:
1456:
by associating with its promoter. How these proteins regulate
9889:
9672:
9650:
9645:
9613:
9502:
9497:
9442:
9437:
9432:
9376:
9285:
9280:
9275:
9270:
9265:
9260:
9255:
9250:
9198:
9193:
9181:
9176:
9171:
9166:
9154:
9149:
9144:
9139:
9108:
9075:
9070:
9065:
9012:
9007:
9002:
8977:
8935:
8930:
8925:
8920:
8915:
8910:
8882:
8835:
8830:
8776:
8771:
8766:
8761:
8738:
8513:
8498:
8493:
8488:
8483:
8478:
8473:
8468:
8463:
8458:
8448:
8438:
8433:
8418:
8413:
8403:
8398:
8393:
8383:
8378:
8373:
8368:
8363:
8358:
8353:
8323:
8318:
8308:
8303:
8288:
8283:
8278:
8273:
8207:
8202:
8197:
8170:
8145:
8113:
8106:
8101:
8007:
7985:
7980:
7952:
7930:
7925:
7920:
7915:
7810:
7805:
7750:
7743:
7738:
7723:
7696:
7357:
7352:
7347:
7342:
7337:
7312:
7307:
7302:
7297:
7292:
7282:
7277:
7272:
7267:
7262:
7257:
7252:
7247:
7242:
7222:
7217:
7212:
7207:
7202:
7197:
7182:
7177:
7002:
6990:
6985:
6980:
6975:
6943:
6938:
6737:
6727:
6722:
6717:
6712:
6707:
6697:
6692:
6687:
6682:
6598:
6588:
6581:
6576:
6571:
6566:
6556:
6500:
6495:
6490:
6485:
6480:
6475:
6470:
6391:
6386:
6381:
6325:
6320:
6219:
6198:
6193:
6067:
6062:
6057:
6052:
6047:
6042:
5249:
5014:
5009:
5004:
4994:
4989:
4984:
4974:
4962:
4912:
4892:
4833:
4821:
4816:
4740:
4733:
4728:
4718:
4711:
4706:
4637:
4568:
4541:
4536:
4519:
4514:
4509:
4504:
4499:
4489:
4477:
4472:
4450:
4440:
4435:
4425:
3747:
3669:
1609:
1449:
1249:
4181:
OMIM entries on 46,XX Testicular
Disorder of Sex Development
3632:
3043:
2577:"Male sex determination: insights into molecular mechanisms"
9699:
9694:
9689:
9679:
9667:
9662:
9509:
9492:
9356:
9351:
9346:
9317:
9312:
9245:
9240:
9235:
9230:
9225:
9220:
9215:
9210:
9161:
9055:
9017:
8992:
8987:
8982:
8965:
8857:
8850:
8845:
8726:
8721:
8716:
8711:
8706:
8701:
8696:
8691:
8681:
8674:
8664:
8659:
8647:
8637:
8632:
8615:
8610:
8605:
8588:
8583:
8578:
8553:
8548:
8543:
8261:
8256:
8251:
8246:
8241:
8180:
8155:
8150:
8091:
8086:
8081:
8076:
8071:
8066:
8061:
8056:
8051:
8022:
8017:
7910:
7905:
7900:
7895:
7881:
7876:
7871:
7866:
7861:
7832:
7827:
7822:
7788:
7783:
7778:
7773:
7768:
7763:
7728:
7716:
7711:
7706:
7659:
7654:
7649:
7644:
7639:
7560:
7545:
7535:
7511:
7506:
7492:
7487:
7482:
7472:
7467:
7455:
7450:
7394:
7389:
7167:
7152:
7147:
7135:
7130:
6963:
6958:
6953:
6797:
6732:
6677:
6672:
6667:
6551:
6546:
6541:
6465:
6460:
6455:
6450:
6445:
6440:
6435:
6430:
6425:
6408:
6403:
6347:
6342:
6310:
6305:
6300:
6290:
6285:
6278:
6273:
6268:
6263:
6253:
6248:
6231:
6089:
6084:
6079:
6007:
5468:
5463:
5458:
5453:
5448:
5443:
5356:
5341:
5318:
5291:
5264:
5259:
5224:
5202:
5197:
5192:
5175:
5170:
5160:
5150:
5100:
5058:
5053:
5036:
5031:
5026:
4924:
4919:
4907:
4865:
4860:
4850:
4765:
4760:
4750:
4669:
4652:
4615:
4603:
4598:
4573:
4531:
4460:
4455:
4430:
4413:
4408:
4403:
4398:
4393:
4383:
1599:
1502:
1498:
1434:
1408:), to the human promoter sequence, influence expression of
1302:
1233:
1164:
1129:
In humans, the SRY gene is located on short (p) arm of the
3967:
3878:
1935:
9771:
9341:
8970:
8960:
8840:
8236:
7793:
7142:
6593:
6330:
5824:
5296:
5125:
5115:
5110:
4902:
4897:
3924:
3324:
2210:
1405:
1221:
1190:
765:
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
760:
negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
4136:. In Adam MP, Feldman J, Mirzaa GM, et al. (eds.).
3819:
2495:
2351:
2044:
2042:
2040:
420:
5542:
4057:
2574:
2500:. Advances in Genetics. Vol. 76. pp. 93–134.
2411:
2051:"Sry: the master switch in mammalian sex determination"
55:
4012:
3424:
3386:
3097:
2921:
1678:
Characterized by an XY karyotype and female phenotype.
2259:
2037:
1818:
585:
3823:
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
1448:
There is also evidence that GATA binding protein 4 (
1310:. This duplication occurred after the split between
9471:
2412:Harley VR, Clarkson MJ, Argentaro A (August 2003).
740:
positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
2623:
2575:McClelland K, Bowles J, Koopman P (January 2012).
2536:
2354:"Review of the Y chromosome, Sry and hypertension"
2163:
2161:
2159:
2090:Mittwoch U (October 1988). "The race to be male".
1986:
1879:
1877:
1875:
1858:
1856:
1854:
1592:
1334:in their sex determination process, the action of
3240:. International Olympic Committee. 22 June 2012.
2452:
2260:Bowles J, Schepers G, Koopman P (November 2000).
1698:Individuals have XX karyotype and male phenotype.
1232:of other transcription factors, most importantly
1228:, SRY acts as a transcription factor that causes
367:
266:
9952:
7042:
3707:"SRY, like HMG1, recognizes sharp angles in DNA"
3195:"Gender verification of female Olympic athletes"
2167:
2048:
1987:Wallis MC, Waters PD, Graves JA (October 2008).
1279:
755:regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
3123:"The Major Medical Blunder of the 20th Century"
2988:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
2570:
2568:
2347:
2345:
2343:
2156:
1872:
1851:
1167:that is responsible for the initiation of male
3603:
3080:"OMIM Entry – # 114290 – CAMPOMELIC DYSPLASIA"
2862:Yuan X, Lu ML, Li T, Balk SP (December 2001).
2744:
2720:"46,XX testicular disorder of sex development"
2407:
2405:
2403:
2401:
2399:
2397:
1884:GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000069036
1751:(CD). This missense mutation causes defective
9757:
9732:transcription factor/coregulator deficiencies
8803:β-Scaffold factors with minor groove contacts
4313:
4207:
3499:The Genetics and Biology of Sex Determination
3116:
3114:
2496:Zaytouni T, Efimenko EE, Tevosian SG (2011).
2489:
745:positive regulation of male gonad development
3531:
3235:"IOC Regulations on Female Hyperandrogenism"
3186:
3145:
3039:
3037:
2915:
2861:
2855:
2773:
2738:
2617:
2565:
2446:
2340:
2204:
2083:
1561:gene. SOX9 binding to the enhancer near the
4131:
3199:Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
2977:
2975:
2828:
2394:
2110:
1980:
1863:GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000184895
1758:
1525:domain has no conserved structure, and the
1353:that fused with the original Y chromosome.
1224:-binding proteins. When complexed with the
9764:
9750:
4320:
4306:
4214:
4200:
3456:"Mutational analysis of SRY in XY females"
3111:
2089:
1610:SRY disorders' influence on sex expression
725:regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
27:"SRY" redirects here. For other uses, see
4173:at the U.S. National Library of Medicine
4163:at the U.S. National Library of Medicine
3942:
3802:
3730:
3687:
3471:
3358:
3301:
3291:
3210:
3169:
3120:
3034:
3017:
3007:
2947:
2879:
2805:
2641:
2600:
2429:
2377:
2299:
2297:
2277:
2236:
2066:
2012:
1714:
638:DNA-binding transcription factor activity
3154:"Gender verification of female athletes"
2972:
2049:Kashimada K, Koopman P (December 2010).
1521:and acts as the DNA-binding domain. The
1508:
1205:with varying effects on an individual's
1124:
3453:
2626:"Genetic control of testis development"
1452:) and FOG2 contribute to activation of
1156:(also known as gene-regulatory protein/
14:
9953:
9803:Development of the reproductive system
3496:
2303:
2294:
1661:Persons with this are considered male.
775:positive regulation of gene expression
9745:
9470:
8799:
7041:
5541:
4344:
4343:
4301:
4195:
4140:. University of Washington, Seattle.
3566:
2663:
2661:
1565:promoter allows for the synthesis of
372:
333:
328:
271:
230:
225:
3569:Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology
3129:. facius-homepage.dk. Archived from
2911:. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
1993:Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences
1929:
1773:, under a system implemented by the
5486:(1.6) Basic helix-span-helix (bHSH)
3439:10.1146/annurev.ge.27.120193.000443
3247:from the original on 13 August 2012
2868:The Journal of Biological Chemistry
1801:
1260:of the testis then start secreting
24:
3791:American Journal of Human Genetics
3723:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1992.tb05551.x
3676:American Journal of Human Genetics
3379:
2786:American Journal of Human Genetics
2658:
2506:10.1016/B978-0-12-386481-9.00004-3
1819:Fetal development- knockout models
1573:gene allows for the production of
1240:causes the development of primary
770:central nervous system development
25:
9987:
4154:
2905:"Androgen insensitivity syndrome"
2624:Sekido R, Lovell-Badge R (2013).
9935:
9934:
4277:
4262:
4247:
4232:
4171:Sex-Determining+Region+Y+Protein
3944:10.1097/00005792-199111000-00003
3212:10.1097/00005768-200210000-00001
3205:(10): 1539–42, discussion 1543.
3171:10.1097/00125817-200007000-00008
1839:Sexual differentiation in humans
1585:. SOX9 protein then initiates a
1274:secondary sexual characteristics
1201:in this gene lead to a range of
1138:Sex-determining region Y protein
594:
356:
349:
343:
320:
255:
248:
242:
217:
54:
36:Sexual differentiation in humans
9473:(0) Other transcription factors
8757:transcriptional enhancer factor
4374:Activating transcription factor
4221:
3318:
3259:
3227:
3072:
2822:
2712:
2687:
2530:
2455:Cytogenetic and Genome Research
2253:
1775:International Olympic Committee
1729:androgen insensitivity syndrome
1593:SOX9 and testes differentiation
2831:Human Anatomy & Physiology
2370:10.1016/j.steroids.2009.10.015
2104:
1911:
1893:
1519:nuclear localization sequences
605:More reference expression data
574:More reference expression data
34:For a broader background, see
13:
1:
8687:Interferon regulatory factors
6926:(2.5) Alternating composition
6122:General transcription factors
2134:10.1016/S0014-5793(99)01621-X
1844:
1813:chromatin immunoprecipitation
1517:(HMG) domain, which contains
1404:) and Wilms tumor protein 1 (
1356:
1280:Gene evolution and regulation
536:epithelium of small intestine
341:
240:
9917:Disorders of sex development
7972:Octamer transcription factor
4680:(1.2) Basic helix-loop-helix
4132:Délot EC, Vilain EJ (1993).
3864:10.1016/0888-7543(92)90164-N
3058:10.1016/j.molmed.2010.12.001
3046:Trends in Molecular Medicine
1792:American Medical Association
1786:have either partial or full
1445:by recruiting corepressors.
1388:. In vitro studies of human
1284:
1203:disorders of sex development
735:transcription, DNA-templated
643:transcription factor binding
7:
9961:Genes on human chromosome Y
4746:Myogenic regulatory factors
3618:10.1016/j.ydbio.2006.08.049
3542:10.1007/978-1-4615-0621-8_1
3534:Pediatric Gender Assignment
3121:Facius GM (1 August 2004).
2829:Marieb EN, Hoehn K (2018).
2759:10.1016/j.ydbio.2006.08.049
1827:
1471:
1244:, which later develop into
10:
9992:
2798:10.1016/j.ajhg.2009.03.016
2581:Asian Journal of Andrology
1765:Sex verification in sports
1762:
1735:-related diseases such as
1569:while SOX9 binding to the
1400:), specificity protein 1 (
33:
26:
9976:Sex-determination systems
9930:
9899:
9828:
9783:
9727:
9589:
9549:
9518:
9483:
9479:
9466:
9408:
9385:
9367:
9117:
9091:
9043:
8946:
8893:
8813:
8809:
8795:
8747:
8566:(3.5) Tryptophan clusters
8564:
8524:
8220:
8037:
7677:
7403:
7091:
7072:
7060:
7056:
7037:
7011:
6924:
6903:
6105:
6025:
5996:
5976:
5951:
5914:
5833:
5729:
5577:
5558:
5554:
5537:
5484:
5429:
5327:
5237:
5213:
5136:
5069:
4933:
4883:
4692:
4678:
4356:
4352:
4339:
4227:
3835:10.1210/jcem.75.1.1619028
3581:10.1016/j.mce.2005.12.011
3427:Annual Review of Genetics
2949:10.1016/j.cub.2006.01.017
2551:10.1016/j.tig.2008.10.008
2318:10.1007/s12041-015-0572-3
2190:10.1134/S1062359009020095
2005:10.1007/s00018-008-8109-z
1919:"Mouse PubMed Reference:"
1901:"Human PubMed Reference:"
1193:-determining gene on the
1146:testis-determining factor
1110:
1105:
1101:
1094:
1078:
1059:
1044:
1040:
1023:
1019:
1012:
997:
993:
976:
972:
965:
952:
948:
933:
929:
920:
907:
903:
888:
884:
875:
862:
858:
843:
839:
830:
815:
808:
804:
788:
623:
619:
602:
593:
584:
571:
520:
511:
458:
449:
419:
411:
407:
390:
377:
340:
319:
310:
306:
289:
276:
239:
216:
207:
203:
158:
155:
145:
138:
133:
98:
93:
76:
71:
66:
62:
53:
48:
9836:Sex-determination system
9387:(4.10) Cold-shock domain
4175:Medical Subject Headings
4165:Medical Subject Headings
3105:"Olympic Gender Testing"
1834:Sex-determination system
1759:Use in Olympic screening
1555:prostaglandin D synthase
1488:cells) or female cells (
1402:Sp1 transcription factor
1386:translational start site
466:tendon of biceps brachii
4333:intracellular receptors
3473:10.1002/humu.1380020504
3410:10.1126/science.7985018
3293:10.1073/pnas.2008743118
2909:Genetics Home Reference
2724:Genetics Home Reference
2673:Genetics Home Reference
1384:(bp) upstream from the
1292:may have arisen from a
1218:SOX (SRY-like box) gene
1216:SRY is a member of the
9884:Sex determining gene:
9791:Sexual differentiation
4117:10.1006/geno.1995.1047
3507:10.1002/0470868732.ch6
3009:10.1073/pnas.95.9.5161
2881:10.1074/jbc.M108404200
2279:10.1006/dbio.2000.9883
1788:androgen insensitivity
1719:SRY has been shown to
1715:Role in other diseases
1547:steroidogenic factor 1
1270:anti-Müllerian hormone
1134:
780:neuron differentiation
750:male sex determination
9966:Transcription factors
9856:Temperature-dependent
9096:TATA-binding proteins
4329:Transcription factors
3606:Developmental Biology
2747:Developmental Biology
2266:Developmental Biology
1763:Further information:
1624:genetic recombination
1509:Action in the nucleus
1367:sequence conservation
1128:
1072:Chr Y: 2.66 – 2.66 Mb
1065:Chr Y: 2.79 – 2.79 Mb
9820:Paramesonephric duct
3158:Genetics in Medicine
2695:"XX Male Syndrome {"
2593:10.1038/aja.2011.169
2431:10.1210/er.2002-0025
1796:2000 Summer Olympics
1779:1996 Summer Olympics
1749:campomelic dysplasia
1745:Hirschsprung disease
1652:Klinefelter Syndrome
1620:Klinefelter syndrome
1553:gene as well as the
1531:nuclear localization
1252:, turning it into a
1246:seminiferous tubules
1158:transcription factor
720:cell differentiation
498:right adrenal cortex
335:Y chromosome (mouse)
233:Y chromosome (human)
94:List of PDB id codes
67:Available structures
29:SRY (disambiguation)
9591:(0.6) Miscellaneous
9122:High-mobility group
8818:Rel homology region
5808:Testicular receptor
5549:DNA-binding domains
4072:1989Natur.337...81E
4027:1990Natur.348..452J
3982:1990Natur.348..448B
3894:1990Natur.346..240S
3454:Hawkins JR (1993).
3402:1994Sci...266.1494H
3343:2013NatSR...3E3136K
3284:2021PNAS..11808743K
3000:1998PNAS...95.5161H
2940:2006CBio...16..415D
2306:Journal of Genetics
2182:2009BioBu..36..167B
2126:1999FEBSL.463..129K
1950:1990Natur.348..448B
1741:Parkinson's disease
1647:
1515:high-mobility group
1340:high-mobility group
1154:DNA-binding protein
730:sex differentiation
482:islet of Langerhans
8956:p53 p63 p73 family
8529:Heat shock factors
3762:10.1007/BF00220457
3647:10.1007/BF00215684
3396:(5190): 1494–500.
3331:Scientific Reports
3133:on 26 January 2010
2630:Sexual Development
2539:Trends in Genetics
2229:10.1101/gr.7101908
2068:10.1242/dev.048983
1646:
1306:, a member of the
1256:. The now-induced
1135:
910:ENSMUSG00000069036
713:Biological process
682:Cellular component
648:calmodulin binding
631:Molecular function
548:supraoptic nucleus
9948:
9947:
9773:Sex determination
9739:
9738:
9723:
9722:
9719:
9718:
9462:
9461:
9458:
9457:
8791:
8790:
8787:
8786:
8033:
8032:
7673:
7672:
7033:
7032:
7029:
7028:
6021:
6020:
5877:Mineralocorticoid
5533:
5532:
5529:
5528:
5233:
5232:
4346:(1) Basic domains
4295:
4294:
3551:978-1-4613-5162-7
3516:978-0-470-86873-7
3351:10.1038/srep03136
2840:978-0-13-458099-9
2643:10.1159/000342221
2467:10.1159/000074336
2418:Endocrine Reviews
1725:androgen receptor
1704:
1703:
1587:positive feedback
1180:placental mammals
1169:sex determination
1160:) encoded by the
1121:
1120:
1117:
1116:
1090:
1089:
1055:
1054:
1034:
1033:
1008:
1007:
987:
986:
961:
960:
942:
941:
916:
915:
897:
896:
871:
870:
852:
851:
800:
799:
615:
614:
611:
610:
580:
579:
567:
566:
505:
504:
403:
402:
302:
301:
129:
128:
125:
124:
77:Ortholog search:
16:(Redirected from
9983:
9938:
9937:
9815:Mesonephric duct
9766:
9759:
9752:
9743:
9742:
9563:-related factors
9481:
9480:
9468:
9467:
9369:(4.9) Grainyhead
8811:
8810:
8797:
8796:
8749:(3.6) TEA domain
8039:(3.2) Paired box
7680:
7414:
7408:
7102:
7096:
7089:
7088:
7085:
7079:
7070:
7069:
7058:
7057:
7047:Helix-turn-helix
7039:
7038:
6001:
5981:
5956:
5919:
5889:Estrogen related
5838:
5734:
5582:
5575:
5574:
5563:Nuclear receptor
5556:
5555:
5539:
5538:
5218:
5139:
5072:
4941:
4886:
4695:
4690:
4689:
4354:
4353:
4341:
4340:
4322:
4315:
4308:
4299:
4298:
4281:
4266:
4251:
4236:
4216:
4209:
4202:
4193:
4192:
4149:
4128:
4099:
4080:10.1038/337081a0
4054:
4035:10.1038/348452a0
4009:
3990:10.1038/348448A0
3976:(6300): 448–50.
3964:
3946:
3921:
3902:10.1038/346240a0
3875:
3846:
3816:
3806:
3781:
3744:
3734:
3717:(12): 4497–506.
3711:The EMBO Journal
3701:
3691:
3666:
3629:
3600:
3563:
3528:
3493:
3475:
3450:
3421:
3373:
3372:
3362:
3322:
3316:
3315:
3305:
3295:
3263:
3257:
3256:
3254:
3252:
3246:
3239:
3231:
3225:
3224:
3214:
3190:
3184:
3183:
3173:
3149:
3143:
3142:
3140:
3138:
3118:
3109:
3108:
3101:
3095:
3094:
3092:
3090:
3076:
3070:
3069:
3041:
3032:
3031:
3021:
3011:
2994:(9): 5161–5165.
2979:
2970:
2969:
2951:
2919:
2913:
2912:
2900:
2894:
2893:
2883:
2874:(49): 46647–54.
2859:
2853:
2852:
2826:
2820:
2819:
2809:
2777:
2771:
2770:
2742:
2736:
2735:
2733:
2731:
2716:
2710:
2709:
2707:
2705:
2699:encyclopedia.com
2691:
2685:
2684:
2682:
2680:
2669:"Swyer syndrome"
2665:
2656:
2655:
2645:
2621:
2615:
2614:
2604:
2572:
2563:
2562:
2534:
2528:
2527:
2493:
2487:
2486:
2450:
2444:
2443:
2433:
2409:
2392:
2391:
2381:
2349:
2338:
2337:
2301:
2292:
2291:
2281:
2257:
2251:
2250:
2240:
2208:
2202:
2201:
2170:Biology Bulletin
2165:
2154:
2153:
2108:
2102:
2101:
2087:
2081:
2080:
2070:
2046:
2035:
2034:
2016:
1984:
1978:
1977:
1958:10.1038/348448A0
1944:(6300): 448–50.
1933:
1927:
1926:
1915:
1909:
1908:
1897:
1891:
1881:
1870:
1860:
1802:Ongoing research
1689:XX Male Syndrome
1648:
1645:
1640:XX male syndrome
1575:prostaglandin D2
1478:urogenital ridge
1294:gene duplication
1133:at position 11.2
1103:
1102:
1074:
1067:
1050:
1038:
1037:
1029:
1017:
1016:
1013:RefSeq (protein)
1003:
991:
990:
982:
970:
969:
946:
945:
927:
926:
901:
900:
882:
881:
856:
855:
837:
836:
806:
805:
621:
620:
607:
598:
591:
590:
576:
544:Ileal epithelium
516:
514:Top expressed in
509:
508:
494:ventricular zone
454:
452:Top expressed in
447:
446:
426:
425:
409:
408:
399:
386:
375:
360:
353:
347:
336:
324:
308:
307:
298:
285:
274:
259:
252:
246:
235:
221:
205:
204:
199:
150:
143:
120:
91:
90:
85:
64:
63:
58:
46:
45:
21:
9991:
9990:
9986:
9985:
9984:
9982:
9981:
9980:
9951:
9950:
9949:
9944:
9926:
9895:
9824:
9779:
9777:differentiation
9770:
9740:
9735:
9715:
9585:
9545:
9514:
9475:
9454:
9404:
9381:
9363:
9113:
9087:
9039:
8942:
8889:
8805:
8783:
8743:
8560:
8520:
8216:
8029:
7678:
7669:
7410:
7409:
7404:
7399:
7098:
7097:
7092:
7081:
7080:
7073:
7052:
7025:
7007:
6920:
6908:
6899:
6114:
6110:
6101:
6030:
6027:(2.2) Other Cys
6017:
5997:
5992:
5977:
5972:
5952:
5947:
5915:
5910:
5845:Steroid hormone
5834:
5829:
5730:
5725:
5589:Thyroid hormone
5578:
5569:
5550:
5525:
5480:
5425:
5323:
5229:
5216:
5214:
5209:
5137:
5132:
5070:
5065:
4936:
4934:
4929:
4884:
4879:
4693:
4674:
4348:
4335:
4326:
4296:
4291:
4288:
4282:
4273:
4267:
4258:
4252:
4243:
4237:
4223:
4220:
4157:
4152:
4021:(6300): 452–4.
3888:(6281): 240–4.
3552:
3517:
3382:
3380:Further reading
3377:
3376:
3323:
3319:
3264:
3260:
3250:
3248:
3244:
3237:
3233:
3232:
3228:
3191:
3187:
3150:
3146:
3136:
3134:
3119:
3112:
3103:
3102:
3098:
3088:
3086:
3078:
3077:
3073:
3042:
3035:
2980:
2973:
2928:Current Biology
2920:
2916:
2901:
2897:
2860:
2856:
2841:
2827:
2823:
2778:
2774:
2743:
2739:
2729:
2727:
2718:
2717:
2713:
2703:
2701:
2693:
2692:
2688:
2678:
2676:
2667:
2666:
2659:
2622:
2618:
2573:
2566:
2535:
2531:
2516:
2494:
2490:
2461:(3–4): 185–98.
2451:
2447:
2410:
2395:
2350:
2341:
2302:
2295:
2258:
2254:
2217:Genome Research
2209:
2205:
2166:
2157:
2120:(1–2): 129–32.
2109:
2105:
2088:
2084:
2061:(23): 3921–30.
2047:
2038:
1999:(20): 3182–95.
1985:
1981:
1934:
1930:
1917:
1916:
1912:
1899:
1898:
1894:
1882:
1873:
1861:
1852:
1847:
1830:
1821:
1804:
1783:false positives
1767:
1761:
1717:
1612:
1595:
1584:
1580:
1511:
1474:
1359:
1287:
1282:
1112:View/Edit Mouse
1107:View/Edit Human
1070:
1063:
1060:Location (UCSC)
1046:
1025:
999:
978:
891:ENSG00000184895
784:
708:
677:
668:protein binding
603:
572:
563:
558:
554:
550:
546:
542:
538:
534:
530:
528:ascending aorta
526:
512:
501:
496:
492:
488:
486:Achilles tendon
484:
480:
478:skin of abdomen
476:
472:
468:
464:
450:
394:
381:
373:
363:
362:
361:
354:
334:
311:Gene location (
293:
280:
272:
262:
261:
260:
253:
231:
208:Gene location (
197:SRY - orthologs
159:
146:
139:
100:
78:
42:
39:
32:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
9989:
9979:
9978:
9973:
9968:
9963:
9946:
9945:
9943:
9942:
9931:
9928:
9927:
9925:
9924:
9919:
9914:
9909:
9903:
9901:
9897:
9896:
9894:
9893:
9882:
9881:
9880:
9875:
9868:Sex chromosome
9865:
9864:
9863:
9858:
9853:
9848:
9843:
9832:
9830:
9826:
9825:
9823:
9822:
9817:
9812:
9811:
9810:
9800:
9799:
9798:
9787:
9785:
9781:
9780:
9769:
9768:
9761:
9754:
9746:
9737:
9736:
9728:
9725:
9724:
9721:
9720:
9717:
9716:
9714:
9713:
9704:
9703:
9702:
9697:
9692:
9682:
9677:
9676:
9675:
9670:
9665:
9655:
9654:
9653:
9648:
9638:
9633:
9632:
9631:
9626:
9621:
9616:
9611:
9606:
9595:
9593:
9587:
9586:
9584:
9583:
9578:
9573:
9567:
9565:
9547:
9546:
9544:
9543:
9538:
9533:
9527:
9525:
9516:
9515:
9513:
9512:
9507:
9506:
9505:
9500:
9489:
9487:
9477:
9476:
9464:
9463:
9460:
9459:
9456:
9455:
9453:
9452:
9451:
9450:
9445:
9440:
9435:
9430:
9425:
9414:
9412:
9406:
9405:
9403:
9402:
9397:
9391:
9389:
9383:
9382:
9380:
9379:
9373:
9371:
9365:
9364:
9362:
9361:
9360:
9359:
9354:
9349:
9344:
9334:
9333:
9332:
9327:
9326:
9325:
9320:
9315:
9300:
9295:
9290:
9289:
9288:
9283:
9278:
9273:
9268:
9263:
9258:
9253:
9248:
9243:
9238:
9233:
9228:
9223:
9218:
9213:
9203:
9202:
9201:
9196:
9186:
9185:
9184:
9179:
9174:
9169:
9159:
9158:
9157:
9152:
9147:
9142:
9132:
9126:
9124:
9115:
9114:
9112:
9111:
9106:
9100:
9098:
9089:
9088:
9086:
9085:
9080:
9079:
9078:
9073:
9068:
9063:
9052:
9050:
9041:
9040:
9038:
9037:
9032:
9031:
9030:
9025:
9020:
9015:
9010:
9005:
9000:
8995:
8990:
8985:
8975:
8974:
8973:
8968:
8963:
8952:
8950:
8948:(4.3) p53-like
8944:
8943:
8941:
8940:
8939:
8938:
8933:
8928:
8923:
8918:
8913:
8902:
8900:
8891:
8890:
8888:
8887:
8886:
8885:
8880:
8875:
8870:
8865:
8855:
8854:
8853:
8848:
8843:
8838:
8833:
8822:
8820:
8807:
8806:
8793:
8792:
8789:
8788:
8785:
8784:
8782:
8781:
8780:
8779:
8774:
8769:
8764:
8753:
8751:
8745:
8744:
8742:
8741:
8736:
8731:
8730:
8729:
8724:
8719:
8714:
8709:
8704:
8699:
8694:
8684:
8679:
8678:
8677:
8672:
8667:
8662:
8652:
8651:
8650:
8645:
8640:
8635:
8625:
8620:
8619:
8618:
8613:
8608:
8598:
8593:
8592:
8591:
8586:
8581:
8570:
8568:
8562:
8561:
8559:
8558:
8557:
8556:
8551:
8546:
8533:
8531:
8522:
8521:
8519:
8518:
8517:
8516:
8511:
8506:
8501:
8496:
8491:
8486:
8481:
8476:
8471:
8466:
8461:
8456:
8451:
8446:
8441:
8436:
8431:
8426:
8421:
8416:
8411:
8406:
8401:
8396:
8391:
8386:
8381:
8376:
8371:
8366:
8361:
8356:
8351:
8346:
8341:
8336:
8331:
8326:
8321:
8316:
8311:
8306:
8301:
8296:
8291:
8286:
8281:
8276:
8266:
8265:
8264:
8259:
8254:
8249:
8244:
8233:
8231:
8218:
8217:
8215:
8214:
8213:
8212:
8211:
8210:
8205:
8200:
8190:
8189:
8188:
8183:
8173:
8168:
8158:
8153:
8148:
8143:
8138:
8133:
8132:
8131:
8126:
8116:
8111:
8110:
8109:
8104:
8096:
8095:
8094:
8089:
8084:
8079:
8074:
8069:
8064:
8059:
8054:
8043:
8041:
8035:
8034:
8031:
8030:
8028:
8027:
8026:
8025:
8020:
8010:
8005:
8004:
8003:
7998:
7993:
7988:
7983:
7978:
7969:
7964:
7959:
7950:
7940:
7939:
7938:
7933:
7928:
7923:
7918:
7913:
7908:
7903:
7898:
7888:
7887:
7886:
7885:
7884:
7879:
7874:
7869:
7864:
7854:
7853:
7852:
7847:
7837:
7836:
7835:
7830:
7825:
7815:
7814:
7813:
7808:
7798:
7797:
7796:
7791:
7786:
7781:
7776:
7771:
7766:
7753:
7748:
7747:
7746:
7741:
7731:
7726:
7721:
7720:
7719:
7714:
7709:
7699:
7694:
7689:
7683:
7681:
7675:
7674:
7671:
7670:
7668:
7667:
7662:
7657:
7652:
7647:
7642:
7637:
7636:
7635:
7630:
7625:
7620:
7615:
7610:
7605:
7600:
7595:
7590:
7585:
7575:
7570:
7569:
7568:
7563:
7553:
7548:
7543:
7538:
7533:
7532:
7531:
7526:
7516:
7515:
7514:
7509:
7497:
7496:
7495:
7490:
7485:
7480:
7475:
7470:
7460:
7459:
7458:
7453:
7443:
7438:
7433:
7428:
7423:
7417:
7415:
7401:
7400:
7398:
7397:
7392:
7387:
7382:
7381:
7380:
7375:
7370:
7365:
7360:
7355:
7350:
7345:
7340:
7335:
7330:
7325:
7320:
7315:
7310:
7305:
7300:
7295:
7290:
7285:
7280:
7275:
7270:
7265:
7260:
7255:
7250:
7245:
7240:
7235:
7230:
7225:
7220:
7215:
7210:
7205:
7200:
7195:
7185:
7180:
7175:
7170:
7166:extended Hox:
7164:
7163:
7162:
7161:
7160:
7155:
7150:
7140:
7139:
7138:
7128:
7127:
7126:
7121:
7105:
7103:
7086:
7067:
7054:
7053:
7035:
7034:
7031:
7030:
7027:
7026:
7024:
7023:
7017:
7015:
7009:
7008:
7006:
7005:
7000:
6999:
6998:
6993:
6988:
6983:
6978:
6968:
6967:
6966:
6961:
6956:
6946:
6941:
6936:
6930:
6928:
6922:
6921:
6919:
6918:
6912:
6910:
6906:
6901:
6900:
6898:
6897:
6896:
6895:
6890:
6885:
6880:
6875:
6870:
6865:
6860:
6855:
6850:
6845:
6840:
6835:
6830:
6825:
6820:
6815:
6810:
6805:
6800:
6795:
6790:
6785:
6780:
6775:
6770:
6765:
6760:
6755:
6750:
6745:
6740:
6735:
6730:
6725:
6720:
6715:
6710:
6705:
6700:
6695:
6690:
6685:
6680:
6675:
6670:
6660:
6659:
6658:
6653:
6648:
6643:
6638:
6633:
6628:
6623:
6613:
6612:
6611:
6606:
6596:
6591:
6586:
6585:
6584:
6579:
6574:
6569:
6559:
6554:
6549:
6544:
6539:
6538:
6537:
6536:
6535:
6530:
6525:
6520:
6515:
6505:
6504:
6503:
6498:
6493:
6488:
6483:
6478:
6473:
6468:
6463:
6458:
6453:
6448:
6443:
6438:
6433:
6428:
6413:
6412:
6411:
6406:
6396:
6395:
6394:
6389:
6384:
6374:
6373:
6372:
6367:
6362:
6352:
6351:
6350:
6345:
6335:
6334:
6333:
6328:
6323:
6318:
6313:
6308:
6303:
6293:
6288:
6283:
6282:
6281:
6276:
6271:
6266:
6256:
6251:
6246:
6245:
6244:
6239:
6234:
6222:
6216:
6215:
6214:
6213:
6212:
6211:
6206:
6201:
6196:
6191:
6186:
6181:
6176:
6166:
6161:
6156:
6155:
6154:
6149:
6139:
6134:
6129:
6118:
6116:
6112:
6108:
6103:
6102:
6100:
6099:
6094:
6093:
6092:
6087:
6082:
6072:
6071:
6070:
6065:
6060:
6055:
6050:
6045:
6034:
6032:
6028:
6023:
6022:
6019:
6018:
6016:
6015:
6010:
6004:
6002:
5994:
5993:
5991:
5990:
5984:
5982:
5974:
5973:
5971:
5970:
5965:
5959:
5957:
5949:
5948:
5946:
5945:
5944:
5943:
5938:
5933:
5922:
5920:
5912:
5911:
5909:
5908:
5907:
5906:
5901:
5896:
5886:
5885:
5884:
5879:
5874:
5872:Glucocorticoid
5869:
5868:
5867:
5862:
5852:
5841:
5839:
5831:
5830:
5828:
5827:
5822:
5821:
5820:
5815:
5805:
5804:
5803:
5798:
5793:
5783:
5778:
5777:
5776:
5771:
5761:
5756:
5755:
5754:
5749:
5737:
5735:
5727:
5726:
5724:
5723:
5718:
5717:
5716:
5711:
5701:
5700:
5699:
5694:
5689:
5679:
5678:
5677:
5672:
5667:
5657:
5652:
5651:
5650:
5645:
5640:
5630:
5629:
5628:
5623:
5613:
5608:
5603:
5602:
5601:
5596:
5585:
5583:
5572:
5567:
5552:
5551:
5535:
5534:
5531:
5530:
5527:
5526:
5524:
5523:
5522:
5521:
5516:
5511:
5506:
5501:
5490:
5488:
5482:
5481:
5479:
5478:
5477:
5476:
5471:
5466:
5461:
5456:
5451:
5446:
5435:
5433:
5427:
5426:
5424:
5423:
5422:
5421:
5415:
5414:
5413:
5408:
5398:
5397:
5396:
5391:
5386:
5381:
5376:
5361:
5360:
5359:
5354:
5349:
5344:
5333:
5331:
5325:
5324:
5322:
5321:
5316:
5315:
5314:
5309:
5299:
5294:
5289:
5284:
5279:
5274:
5269:
5268:
5267:
5262:
5252:
5246:
5244:
5235:
5234:
5231:
5230:
5228:
5227:
5221:
5219:
5211:
5210:
5208:
5207:
5206:
5205:
5200:
5195:
5185:
5184:
5183:
5178:
5173:
5168:
5163:
5158:
5153:
5142:
5140:
5134:
5133:
5131:
5130:
5129:
5128:
5123:
5118:
5113:
5103:
5098:
5097:
5096:
5091:
5086:
5075:
5073:
5067:
5066:
5064:
5063:
5062:
5061:
5056:
5046:
5045:
5044:
5039:
5034:
5029:
5019:
5018:
5017:
5012:
5007:
4999:
4998:
4997:
4992:
4987:
4977:
4972:
4971:
4970:
4965:
4955:
4950:
4944:
4942:
4931:
4930:
4928:
4927:
4922:
4917:
4916:
4915:
4910:
4905:
4895:
4889:
4887:
4881:
4880:
4878:
4877:
4872:
4871:
4870:
4869:
4868:
4863:
4853:
4843:
4842:
4841:
4836:
4826:
4825:
4824:
4819:
4809:
4808:
4807:
4802:
4797:
4787:
4786:
4785:
4780:
4770:
4769:
4768:
4763:
4758:
4753:
4743:
4738:
4737:
4736:
4731:
4721:
4716:
4715:
4714:
4709:
4698:
4696:
4687:
4676:
4675:
4673:
4672:
4667:
4666:
4665:
4660:
4655:
4645:
4640:
4635:
4634:
4633:
4628:
4623:
4618:
4608:
4607:
4606:
4601:
4596:
4591:
4581:
4576:
4571:
4566:
4561:
4556:
4551:
4550:
4549:
4544:
4539:
4529:
4528:
4527:
4522:
4517:
4512:
4507:
4502:
4492:
4487:
4482:
4481:
4480:
4475:
4465:
4464:
4463:
4458:
4453:
4448:
4443:
4438:
4433:
4428:
4418:
4417:
4416:
4411:
4406:
4401:
4396:
4391:
4386:
4381:
4370:
4368:
4361:leucine zipper
4350:
4349:
4337:
4336:
4325:
4324:
4317:
4310:
4302:
4293:
4292:
4290:
4289:
4283:
4276:
4274:
4268:
4261:
4259:
4253:
4246:
4244:
4238:
4231:
4228:
4225:
4224:
4219:
4218:
4211:
4204:
4196:
4190:
4189:
4183:
4178:
4168:
4156:
4155:External links
4153:
4151:
4150:
4129:
4100:
4066:(6202): 81–4.
4055:
4010:
3965:
3922:
3876:
3847:
3817:
3797:(5): 1008–11.
3782:
3750:Human Genetics
3745:
3702:
3667:
3635:Human Genetics
3630:
3601:
3575:(1–2): 47–52.
3564:
3550:
3529:
3515:
3494:
3460:Human Mutation
3451:
3422:
3383:
3381:
3378:
3375:
3374:
3317:
3258:
3226:
3185:
3144:
3127:Gender Testing
3110:
3096:
3071:
3052:(3): 166–174.
3033:
2971:
2914:
2895:
2854:
2839:
2821:
2772:
2737:
2711:
2686:
2657:
2636:(1–3): 21–32.
2616:
2564:
2529:
2514:
2488:
2445:
2393:
2364:(11): 747–53.
2339:
2293:
2252:
2203:
2176:(2): 167–174.
2155:
2103:
2100:(1635): 38–42.
2082:
2036:
1979:
1928:
1910:
1892:
1871:
1849:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1842:
1841:
1836:
1829:
1826:
1820:
1817:
1803:
1800:
1760:
1757:
1753:chondrogenesis
1716:
1713:
1702:
1701:
1700:
1699:
1696:
1691:
1685:
1684:
1683:
1682:
1679:
1676:
1671:
1669:Swyer Syndrome
1665:
1664:
1663:
1662:
1659:
1654:
1636:Swyer syndrome
1611:
1608:
1594:
1591:
1582:
1578:
1510:
1507:
1473:
1470:
1358:
1355:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1226:(SF-1) protein
1119:
1118:
1115:
1114:
1109:
1099:
1098:
1092:
1091:
1088:
1087:
1085:
1083:
1076:
1075:
1068:
1061:
1057:
1056:
1053:
1052:
1042:
1041:
1035:
1032:
1031:
1021:
1020:
1014:
1010:
1009:
1006:
1005:
995:
994:
988:
985:
984:
974:
973:
967:
963:
962:
959:
958:
950:
949:
943:
940:
939:
931:
930:
924:
918:
917:
914:
913:
905:
904:
898:
895:
894:
886:
885:
879:
873:
872:
869:
868:
860:
859:
853:
850:
849:
841:
840:
834:
828:
827:
822:
817:
813:
812:
802:
801:
798:
797:
786:
785:
783:
782:
777:
772:
767:
762:
757:
752:
747:
742:
737:
732:
727:
722:
716:
714:
710:
709:
707:
706:
701:
696:
691:
685:
683:
679:
678:
676:
675:
670:
665:
660:
655:
650:
645:
640:
634:
632:
628:
627:
617:
616:
613:
612:
609:
608:
600:
599:
588:
582:
581:
578:
577:
569:
568:
565:
564:
562:
561:
560:lacrimal gland
557:
553:
552:salivary gland
549:
545:
541:
537:
533:
529:
525:
521:
518:
517:
506:
503:
502:
500:
499:
495:
491:
487:
483:
479:
475:
471:
467:
463:
459:
456:
455:
443:
442:
434:
423:
417:
416:
413:RNA expression
405:
404:
401:
400:
392:
388:
387:
379:
376:
371:
365:
364:
355:
348:
342:
338:
337:
332:
326:
325:
317:
316:
304:
303:
300:
299:
291:
287:
286:
278:
275:
270:
264:
263:
254:
247:
241:
237:
236:
229:
223:
222:
214:
213:
201:
200:
157:
153:
152:
144:
136:
135:
131:
130:
127:
126:
123:
122:
96:
95:
87:
86:
75:
69:
68:
60:
59:
51:
50:
40:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
9988:
9977:
9974:
9972:
9969:
9967:
9964:
9962:
9959:
9958:
9956:
9941:
9933:
9932:
9929:
9923:
9920:
9918:
9915:
9913:
9910:
9908:
9907:Hermaphrodite
9905:
9904:
9902:
9898:
9891:
9887:
9883:
9879:
9876:
9874:
9871:
9870:
9869:
9866:
9862:
9861:Haplodiploidy
9859:
9857:
9854:
9852:
9849:
9847:
9844:
9842:
9839:
9838:
9837:
9834:
9833:
9831:
9829:Genetic basis
9827:
9821:
9818:
9816:
9813:
9809:
9806:
9805:
9804:
9801:
9797:
9794:
9793:
9792:
9789:
9788:
9786:
9782:
9778:
9774:
9767:
9762:
9760:
9755:
9753:
9748:
9747:
9744:
9734:
9733:
9726:
9712:
9708:
9705:
9701:
9698:
9696:
9693:
9691:
9688:
9687:
9686:
9683:
9681:
9678:
9674:
9671:
9669:
9666:
9664:
9661:
9660:
9659:
9656:
9652:
9649:
9647:
9644:
9643:
9642:
9639:
9637:
9634:
9630:
9627:
9625:
9622:
9620:
9617:
9615:
9612:
9610:
9607:
9605:
9602:
9601:
9600:
9597:
9596:
9594:
9592:
9588:
9582:
9579:
9577:
9574:
9572:
9569:
9568:
9566:
9564:
9561:
9558:
9555:
9552:
9548:
9542:
9539:
9537:
9534:
9532:
9529:
9528:
9526:
9524:
9523:Pocket domain
9521:
9517:
9511:
9508:
9504:
9501:
9499:
9496:
9495:
9494:
9491:
9490:
9488:
9486:
9485:(0.2) HMGI(Y)
9482:
9478:
9474:
9469:
9465:
9449:
9446:
9444:
9441:
9439:
9436:
9434:
9431:
9429:
9426:
9424:
9421:
9420:
9419:
9416:
9415:
9413:
9411:
9407:
9401:
9398:
9396:
9393:
9392:
9390:
9388:
9384:
9378:
9375:
9374:
9372:
9370:
9366:
9358:
9355:
9353:
9350:
9348:
9345:
9343:
9340:
9339:
9338:
9335:
9331:
9328:
9324:
9321:
9319:
9316:
9314:
9311:
9310:
9309:
9306:
9305:
9304:
9301:
9299:
9296:
9294:
9291:
9287:
9284:
9282:
9279:
9277:
9274:
9272:
9269:
9267:
9264:
9262:
9259:
9257:
9254:
9252:
9249:
9247:
9244:
9242:
9239:
9237:
9234:
9232:
9229:
9227:
9224:
9222:
9219:
9217:
9214:
9212:
9209:
9208:
9207:
9204:
9200:
9197:
9195:
9192:
9191:
9190:
9187:
9183:
9180:
9178:
9175:
9173:
9170:
9168:
9165:
9164:
9163:
9160:
9156:
9153:
9151:
9148:
9146:
9143:
9141:
9138:
9137:
9136:
9133:
9131:
9128:
9127:
9125:
9123:
9120:
9116:
9110:
9107:
9105:
9102:
9101:
9099:
9097:
9094:
9090:
9084:
9081:
9077:
9074:
9072:
9069:
9067:
9064:
9062:
9059:
9058:
9057:
9054:
9053:
9051:
9049:
9046:
9042:
9036:
9033:
9029:
9026:
9024:
9021:
9019:
9016:
9014:
9011:
9009:
9006:
9004:
9001:
8999:
8996:
8994:
8991:
8989:
8986:
8984:
8981:
8980:
8979:
8976:
8972:
8969:
8967:
8964:
8962:
8959:
8958:
8957:
8954:
8953:
8951:
8949:
8945:
8937:
8934:
8932:
8929:
8927:
8924:
8922:
8919:
8917:
8914:
8912:
8909:
8908:
8907:
8904:
8903:
8901:
8899:
8896:
8892:
8884:
8881:
8879:
8876:
8874:
8871:
8869:
8866:
8864:
8861:
8860:
8859:
8856:
8852:
8849:
8847:
8844:
8842:
8839:
8837:
8834:
8832:
8829:
8828:
8827:
8824:
8823:
8821:
8819:
8816:
8812:
8808:
8804:
8798:
8794:
8778:
8775:
8773:
8770:
8768:
8765:
8763:
8760:
8759:
8758:
8755:
8754:
8752:
8750:
8746:
8740:
8737:
8735:
8732:
8728:
8725:
8723:
8720:
8718:
8715:
8713:
8710:
8708:
8705:
8703:
8700:
8698:
8695:
8693:
8690:
8689:
8688:
8685:
8683:
8680:
8676:
8673:
8671:
8668:
8666:
8663:
8661:
8658:
8657:
8656:
8653:
8649:
8646:
8644:
8641:
8639:
8636:
8634:
8631:
8630:
8629:
8626:
8624:
8621:
8617:
8614:
8612:
8609:
8607:
8604:
8603:
8602:
8599:
8597:
8594:
8590:
8587:
8585:
8582:
8580:
8577:
8576:
8575:
8572:
8571:
8569:
8567:
8563:
8555:
8552:
8550:
8547:
8545:
8542:
8541:
8540:
8539:
8535:
8534:
8532:
8530:
8527:
8523:
8515:
8512:
8510:
8507:
8505:
8502:
8500:
8497:
8495:
8492:
8490:
8487:
8485:
8482:
8480:
8477:
8475:
8472:
8470:
8467:
8465:
8462:
8460:
8457:
8455:
8452:
8450:
8447:
8445:
8442:
8440:
8437:
8435:
8432:
8430:
8427:
8425:
8422:
8420:
8417:
8415:
8412:
8410:
8407:
8405:
8402:
8400:
8397:
8395:
8392:
8390:
8387:
8385:
8382:
8380:
8377:
8375:
8372:
8370:
8367:
8365:
8362:
8360:
8357:
8355:
8352:
8350:
8347:
8345:
8342:
8340:
8337:
8335:
8332:
8330:
8327:
8325:
8322:
8320:
8317:
8315:
8312:
8310:
8307:
8305:
8302:
8300:
8297:
8295:
8292:
8290:
8287:
8285:
8282:
8280:
8277:
8275:
8272:
8271:
8270:
8267:
8263:
8260:
8258:
8255:
8253:
8250:
8248:
8245:
8243:
8240:
8239:
8238:
8235:
8234:
8232:
8230:
8226:
8223:
8219:
8209:
8206:
8204:
8201:
8199:
8196:
8195:
8194:
8191:
8187:
8184:
8182:
8179:
8178:
8177:
8174:
8172:
8169:
8167:
8164:
8163:
8162:
8159:
8157:
8154:
8152:
8149:
8147:
8144:
8142:
8139:
8137:
8134:
8130:
8127:
8125:
8122:
8121:
8120:
8117:
8115:
8112:
8108:
8105:
8103:
8100:
8099:
8097:
8093:
8090:
8088:
8085:
8083:
8080:
8078:
8075:
8073:
8070:
8068:
8065:
8063:
8060:
8058:
8055:
8053:
8050:
8049:
8048:
8045:
8044:
8042:
8040:
8036:
8024:
8021:
8019:
8016:
8015:
8014:
8011:
8009:
8006:
8002:
7999:
7997:
7994:
7992:
7989:
7987:
7984:
7982:
7979:
7977:
7973:
7970:
7968:
7965:
7963:
7960:
7958:
7954:
7951:
7949:
7946:
7945:
7944:
7941:
7937:
7934:
7932:
7929:
7927:
7924:
7922:
7919:
7917:
7914:
7912:
7909:
7907:
7904:
7902:
7899:
7897:
7894:
7893:
7892:
7889:
7883:
7880:
7878:
7875:
7873:
7870:
7868:
7865:
7863:
7860:
7859:
7858:
7855:
7851:
7848:
7846:
7843:
7842:
7841:
7838:
7834:
7831:
7829:
7826:
7824:
7821:
7820:
7819:
7816:
7812:
7809:
7807:
7804:
7803:
7802:
7799:
7795:
7792:
7790:
7787:
7785:
7782:
7780:
7777:
7775:
7772:
7770:
7767:
7765:
7762:
7761:
7760:
7757:
7756:
7754:
7752:
7749:
7745:
7742:
7740:
7737:
7736:
7735:
7732:
7730:
7727:
7725:
7722:
7718:
7715:
7713:
7710:
7708:
7705:
7704:
7703:
7700:
7698:
7695:
7693:
7690:
7688:
7685:
7684:
7682:
7676:
7666:
7663:
7661:
7658:
7656:
7653:
7651:
7648:
7646:
7643:
7641:
7638:
7634:
7631:
7629:
7626:
7624:
7621:
7619:
7616:
7614:
7611:
7609:
7606:
7604:
7601:
7599:
7596:
7594:
7591:
7589:
7586:
7584:
7581:
7580:
7579:
7576:
7574:
7571:
7567:
7564:
7562:
7559:
7558:
7557:
7554:
7552:
7549:
7547:
7544:
7542:
7539:
7537:
7534:
7530:
7527:
7525:
7522:
7521:
7520:
7517:
7513:
7510:
7508:
7505:
7504:
7503:
7502:
7498:
7494:
7491:
7489:
7486:
7484:
7481:
7479:
7476:
7474:
7471:
7469:
7466:
7465:
7464:
7461:
7457:
7454:
7452:
7449:
7448:
7447:
7444:
7442:
7439:
7437:
7434:
7432:
7429:
7427:
7424:
7422:
7419:
7418:
7416:
7413:
7407:
7402:
7396:
7393:
7391:
7388:
7386:
7383:
7379:
7376:
7374:
7371:
7369:
7366:
7364:
7361:
7359:
7356:
7354:
7351:
7349:
7346:
7344:
7341:
7339:
7336:
7334:
7331:
7329:
7326:
7324:
7321:
7319:
7316:
7314:
7311:
7309:
7306:
7304:
7301:
7299:
7296:
7294:
7291:
7289:
7286:
7284:
7281:
7279:
7276:
7274:
7271:
7269:
7266:
7264:
7261:
7259:
7256:
7254:
7251:
7249:
7246:
7244:
7241:
7239:
7236:
7234:
7231:
7229:
7226:
7224:
7221:
7219:
7216:
7214:
7211:
7209:
7206:
7204:
7201:
7199:
7196:
7194:
7191:
7190:
7189:
7186:
7184:
7181:
7179:
7176:
7174:
7171:
7169:
7165:
7159:
7156:
7154:
7151:
7149:
7146:
7145:
7144:
7141:
7137:
7134:
7133:
7132:
7129:
7125:
7122:
7120:
7117:
7116:
7115:
7112:
7111:
7110:
7107:
7106:
7104:
7101:
7095:
7090:
7087:
7084:
7078:
7077:
7071:
7068:
7066:
7063:
7059:
7055:
7051:
7048:
7045:
7040:
7036:
7022:
7019:
7018:
7016:
7014:
7010:
7004:
7001:
6997:
6994:
6992:
6989:
6987:
6984:
6982:
6979:
6977:
6974:
6973:
6972:
6969:
6965:
6962:
6960:
6957:
6955:
6952:
6951:
6950:
6947:
6945:
6942:
6940:
6937:
6935:
6932:
6931:
6929:
6927:
6923:
6917:
6914:
6913:
6911:
6909:
6902:
6894:
6891:
6889:
6886:
6884:
6881:
6879:
6876:
6874:
6871:
6869:
6866:
6864:
6861:
6859:
6856:
6854:
6851:
6849:
6846:
6844:
6841:
6839:
6836:
6834:
6831:
6829:
6826:
6824:
6821:
6819:
6816:
6814:
6811:
6809:
6806:
6804:
6801:
6799:
6796:
6794:
6791:
6789:
6786:
6784:
6781:
6779:
6776:
6774:
6771:
6769:
6766:
6764:
6761:
6759:
6756:
6754:
6751:
6749:
6746:
6744:
6741:
6739:
6736:
6734:
6731:
6729:
6726:
6724:
6721:
6719:
6716:
6714:
6711:
6709:
6706:
6704:
6701:
6699:
6696:
6694:
6691:
6689:
6686:
6684:
6681:
6679:
6676:
6674:
6671:
6669:
6666:
6665:
6664:
6661:
6657:
6654:
6652:
6649:
6647:
6644:
6642:
6639:
6637:
6634:
6632:
6629:
6627:
6624:
6622:
6619:
6618:
6617:
6614:
6610:
6607:
6605:
6602:
6601:
6600:
6597:
6595:
6592:
6590:
6587:
6583:
6580:
6578:
6575:
6573:
6570:
6568:
6565:
6564:
6563:
6560:
6558:
6555:
6553:
6550:
6548:
6545:
6543:
6540:
6534:
6531:
6529:
6526:
6524:
6521:
6519:
6516:
6514:
6511:
6510:
6509:
6506:
6502:
6499:
6497:
6494:
6492:
6489:
6487:
6484:
6482:
6479:
6477:
6474:
6472:
6469:
6467:
6464:
6462:
6459:
6457:
6454:
6452:
6449:
6447:
6444:
6442:
6439:
6437:
6434:
6432:
6429:
6427:
6424:
6423:
6422:
6419:
6418:
6417:
6416:Sp/KLF family
6414:
6410:
6407:
6405:
6402:
6401:
6400:
6397:
6393:
6390:
6388:
6385:
6383:
6380:
6379:
6378:
6375:
6371:
6368:
6366:
6363:
6361:
6358:
6357:
6356:
6353:
6349:
6346:
6344:
6341:
6340:
6339:
6336:
6332:
6329:
6327:
6324:
6322:
6319:
6317:
6314:
6312:
6309:
6307:
6304:
6302:
6299:
6298:
6297:
6294:
6292:
6289:
6287:
6284:
6280:
6277:
6275:
6272:
6270:
6267:
6265:
6262:
6261:
6260:
6257:
6255:
6252:
6250:
6247:
6243:
6240:
6238:
6235:
6233:
6230:
6229:
6228:
6227:
6223:
6221:
6218:
6217:
6210:
6207:
6205:
6202:
6200:
6197:
6195:
6192:
6190:
6187:
6185:
6182:
6180:
6177:
6175:
6172:
6171:
6170:
6167:
6165:
6162:
6160:
6157:
6153:
6150:
6148:
6145:
6144:
6143:
6140:
6138:
6135:
6133:
6130:
6128:
6125:
6124:
6123:
6120:
6119:
6117:
6115:
6104:
6098:
6095:
6091:
6088:
6086:
6083:
6081:
6078:
6077:
6076:
6073:
6069:
6066:
6064:
6061:
6059:
6056:
6054:
6051:
6049:
6046:
6044:
6041:
6040:
6039:
6036:
6035:
6033:
6031:
6024:
6014:
6011:
6009:
6006:
6005:
6003:
6000:
5995:
5989:
5986:
5985:
5983:
5980:
5975:
5969:
5966:
5964:
5961:
5960:
5958:
5955:
5950:
5942:
5939:
5937:
5934:
5932:
5929:
5928:
5927:
5924:
5923:
5921:
5918:
5913:
5905:
5902:
5900:
5897:
5895:
5892:
5891:
5890:
5887:
5883:
5880:
5878:
5875:
5873:
5870:
5866:
5863:
5861:
5858:
5857:
5856:
5853:
5851:
5848:
5847:
5846:
5843:
5842:
5840:
5837:
5832:
5826:
5823:
5819:
5816:
5814:
5811:
5810:
5809:
5806:
5802:
5799:
5797:
5794:
5792:
5789:
5788:
5787:
5784:
5782:
5779:
5775:
5772:
5770:
5767:
5766:
5765:
5762:
5760:
5757:
5753:
5750:
5748:
5744:
5743:
5742:
5739:
5738:
5736:
5733:
5728:
5722:
5719:
5715:
5712:
5710:
5707:
5706:
5705:
5702:
5698:
5695:
5693:
5690:
5688:
5685:
5684:
5683:
5680:
5676:
5673:
5671:
5668:
5666:
5663:
5662:
5661:
5658:
5656:
5653:
5649:
5646:
5644:
5641:
5639:
5636:
5635:
5634:
5631:
5627:
5624:
5622:
5619:
5618:
5617:
5614:
5612:
5609:
5607:
5604:
5600:
5597:
5595:
5592:
5591:
5590:
5587:
5586:
5584:
5581:
5576:
5573:
5571:
5564:
5561:
5557:
5553:
5548:
5545:
5540:
5536:
5520:
5517:
5515:
5512:
5510:
5507:
5505:
5502:
5500:
5497:
5496:
5495:
5492:
5491:
5489:
5487:
5483:
5475:
5472:
5470:
5467:
5465:
5462:
5460:
5457:
5455:
5452:
5450:
5447:
5445:
5442:
5441:
5440:
5437:
5436:
5434:
5432:
5428:
5419:
5416:
5412:
5409:
5407:
5404:
5403:
5402:
5399:
5395:
5392:
5390:
5387:
5385:
5382:
5380:
5377:
5375:
5372:
5371:
5370:
5367:
5366:
5365:
5362:
5358:
5355:
5353:
5350:
5348:
5345:
5343:
5340:
5339:
5338:
5335:
5334:
5332:
5330:
5326:
5320:
5317:
5313:
5310:
5308:
5305:
5304:
5303:
5300:
5298:
5295:
5293:
5290:
5288:
5285:
5283:
5280:
5278:
5275:
5273:
5270:
5266:
5263:
5261:
5258:
5257:
5256:
5253:
5251:
5248:
5247:
5245:
5243:
5240:
5236:
5226:
5223:
5222:
5220:
5212:
5204:
5201:
5199:
5196:
5194:
5191:
5190:
5189:
5186:
5182:
5179:
5177:
5174:
5172:
5169:
5167:
5164:
5162:
5159:
5157:
5154:
5152:
5149:
5148:
5147:
5144:
5143:
5141:
5135:
5127:
5124:
5122:
5119:
5117:
5114:
5112:
5109:
5108:
5107:
5104:
5102:
5099:
5095:
5092:
5090:
5087:
5085:
5082:
5081:
5080:
5077:
5076:
5074:
5068:
5060:
5057:
5055:
5052:
5051:
5050:
5047:
5043:
5040:
5038:
5035:
5033:
5030:
5028:
5025:
5024:
5023:
5020:
5016:
5013:
5011:
5008:
5006:
5003:
5002:
5000:
4996:
4993:
4991:
4988:
4986:
4983:
4982:
4981:
4978:
4976:
4973:
4969:
4966:
4964:
4961:
4960:
4959:
4956:
4954:
4951:
4949:
4946:
4945:
4943:
4940:
4932:
4926:
4923:
4921:
4918:
4914:
4911:
4909:
4906:
4904:
4901:
4900:
4899:
4896:
4894:
4891:
4890:
4888:
4882:
4876:
4873:
4867:
4864:
4862:
4859:
4858:
4857:
4854:
4852:
4849:
4848:
4847:
4844:
4840:
4837:
4835:
4832:
4831:
4830:
4827:
4823:
4820:
4818:
4815:
4814:
4813:
4810:
4806:
4803:
4801:
4798:
4796:
4793:
4792:
4791:
4788:
4784:
4781:
4779:
4776:
4775:
4774:
4771:
4767:
4764:
4762:
4759:
4757:
4754:
4752:
4749:
4748:
4747:
4744:
4742:
4739:
4735:
4732:
4730:
4727:
4726:
4725:
4722:
4720:
4717:
4713:
4710:
4708:
4705:
4704:
4703:
4700:
4699:
4697:
4691:
4688:
4685:
4681:
4677:
4671:
4668:
4664:
4661:
4659:
4656:
4654:
4651:
4650:
4649:
4646:
4644:
4641:
4639:
4636:
4632:
4629:
4627:
4624:
4622:
4619:
4617:
4614:
4613:
4612:
4609:
4605:
4602:
4600:
4597:
4595:
4592:
4590:
4587:
4586:
4585:
4582:
4580:
4577:
4575:
4572:
4570:
4567:
4565:
4562:
4560:
4557:
4555:
4552:
4548:
4545:
4543:
4540:
4538:
4535:
4534:
4533:
4530:
4526:
4523:
4521:
4518:
4516:
4513:
4511:
4508:
4506:
4503:
4501:
4498:
4497:
4496:
4493:
4491:
4488:
4486:
4483:
4479:
4476:
4474:
4471:
4470:
4469:
4466:
4462:
4459:
4457:
4454:
4452:
4449:
4447:
4444:
4442:
4439:
4437:
4434:
4432:
4429:
4427:
4424:
4423:
4422:
4419:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4382:
4380:
4377:
4376:
4375:
4372:
4371:
4369:
4366:
4362:
4359:
4355:
4351:
4347:
4342:
4338:
4334:
4330:
4323:
4318:
4316:
4311:
4309:
4304:
4303:
4300:
4286:
4280:
4275:
4271:
4265:
4260:
4256:
4250:
4245:
4241:
4235:
4230:
4229:
4226:
4217:
4212:
4210:
4205:
4203:
4198:
4197:
4194:
4187:
4184:
4182:
4179:
4176:
4172:
4169:
4166:
4162:
4159:
4158:
4147:
4143:
4139:
4135:
4130:
4126:
4122:
4118:
4114:
4111:(2): 306–11.
4110:
4106:
4101:
4097:
4093:
4089:
4085:
4081:
4077:
4073:
4069:
4065:
4061:
4056:
4052:
4048:
4044:
4040:
4036:
4032:
4028:
4024:
4020:
4016:
4011:
4007:
4003:
3999:
3995:
3991:
3987:
3983:
3979:
3975:
3971:
3966:
3962:
3958:
3954:
3950:
3945:
3940:
3937:(6): 375–83.
3936:
3932:
3928:
3923:
3919:
3915:
3911:
3907:
3903:
3899:
3895:
3891:
3887:
3883:
3877:
3873:
3869:
3865:
3861:
3858:(3): 838–40.
3857:
3853:
3848:
3844:
3840:
3836:
3832:
3828:
3824:
3818:
3814:
3810:
3805:
3800:
3796:
3792:
3788:
3783:
3779:
3775:
3771:
3767:
3763:
3759:
3755:
3751:
3746:
3742:
3738:
3733:
3728:
3724:
3720:
3716:
3712:
3708:
3703:
3699:
3695:
3690:
3685:
3682:(5): 979–84.
3681:
3677:
3673:
3668:
3664:
3660:
3656:
3652:
3648:
3644:
3640:
3636:
3631:
3627:
3623:
3619:
3615:
3611:
3607:
3602:
3598:
3594:
3590:
3586:
3582:
3578:
3574:
3570:
3565:
3561:
3557:
3553:
3547:
3543:
3539:
3535:
3530:
3526:
3522:
3518:
3512:
3508:
3504:
3500:
3495:
3491:
3487:
3483:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3466:(5): 347–50.
3465:
3461:
3457:
3452:
3448:
3444:
3440:
3436:
3432:
3428:
3423:
3419:
3415:
3411:
3407:
3403:
3399:
3395:
3391:
3385:
3384:
3370:
3366:
3361:
3356:
3352:
3348:
3344:
3340:
3336:
3332:
3328:
3321:
3313:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3285:
3281:
3277:
3273:
3269:
3262:
3243:
3236:
3230:
3222:
3218:
3213:
3208:
3204:
3200:
3196:
3189:
3181:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3164:(4): 249–54.
3163:
3159:
3155:
3148:
3132:
3128:
3124:
3117:
3115:
3106:
3100:
3085:
3081:
3075:
3067:
3063:
3059:
3055:
3051:
3047:
3040:
3038:
3029:
3025:
3020:
3015:
3010:
3005:
3001:
2997:
2993:
2989:
2985:
2978:
2976:
2967:
2963:
2959:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2941:
2937:
2934:(4): 415–20.
2933:
2929:
2925:
2918:
2910:
2906:
2899:
2891:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2873:
2869:
2865:
2858:
2850:
2846:
2842:
2836:
2832:
2825:
2817:
2813:
2808:
2803:
2799:
2795:
2792:(5): 658–63.
2791:
2787:
2783:
2776:
2768:
2764:
2760:
2756:
2752:
2748:
2741:
2725:
2721:
2715:
2700:
2696:
2690:
2674:
2670:
2664:
2662:
2653:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2635:
2631:
2627:
2620:
2612:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2594:
2590:
2587:(1): 164–71.
2586:
2582:
2578:
2571:
2569:
2560:
2556:
2552:
2548:
2544:
2540:
2533:
2525:
2521:
2517:
2515:9780123864819
2511:
2507:
2503:
2499:
2492:
2484:
2480:
2476:
2472:
2468:
2464:
2460:
2456:
2449:
2441:
2437:
2432:
2427:
2424:(4): 466–87.
2423:
2419:
2415:
2408:
2406:
2404:
2402:
2400:
2398:
2389:
2385:
2380:
2375:
2371:
2367:
2363:
2359:
2355:
2348:
2346:
2344:
2335:
2331:
2327:
2323:
2319:
2315:
2312:(4): 567–74.
2311:
2307:
2300:
2298:
2289:
2285:
2280:
2275:
2272:(2): 239–55.
2271:
2267:
2263:
2256:
2248:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2230:
2226:
2223:(6): 965–73.
2222:
2218:
2214:
2207:
2199:
2195:
2191:
2187:
2183:
2179:
2175:
2171:
2164:
2162:
2160:
2151:
2147:
2143:
2139:
2135:
2131:
2127:
2123:
2119:
2115:
2107:
2099:
2095:
2094:
2093:New Scientist
2086:
2078:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2060:
2056:
2052:
2045:
2043:
2041:
2032:
2028:
2024:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2006:
2002:
1998:
1994:
1990:
1983:
1975:
1971:
1967:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1943:
1939:
1932:
1924:
1920:
1914:
1906:
1902:
1896:
1889:
1885:
1880:
1878:
1876:
1868:
1864:
1859:
1857:
1855:
1850:
1840:
1837:
1835:
1832:
1831:
1825:
1816:
1814:
1810:
1799:
1797:
1793:
1789:
1784:
1780:
1776:
1772:
1771:Olympic Games
1766:
1756:
1754:
1750:
1746:
1742:
1738:
1737:schizophrenia
1734:
1730:
1726:
1722:
1712:
1708:
1697:
1694:
1693:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1686:
1680:
1677:
1674:
1673:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1666:
1660:
1657:
1656:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1649:
1644:
1641:
1637:
1631:
1629:
1625:
1621:
1617:
1607:
1603:
1601:
1590:
1588:
1576:
1572:
1568:
1564:
1560:
1556:
1552:
1548:
1544:
1540:
1536:
1532:
1528:
1524:
1520:
1516:
1506:
1504:
1500:
1495:
1491:
1487:
1483:
1479:
1469:
1467:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1446:
1444:
1440:
1436:
1432:
1427:
1423:
1418:
1413:
1411:
1407:
1403:
1399:
1395:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1376:
1372:
1368:
1363:
1354:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1313:
1309:
1305:
1304:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1277:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1266:Sertoli cells
1263:
1259:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1243:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1214:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1189:
1186:). SRY is an
1185:
1181:
1177:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1132:
1127:
1123:
1113:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1097:
1093:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1051:
1049:
1043:
1039:
1036:
1030:
1028:
1022:
1018:
1015:
1011:
1004:
1002:
996:
992:
989:
983:
981:
975:
971:
968:
966:RefSeq (mRNA)
964:
957:
956:
951:
947:
944:
938:
937:
932:
928:
925:
923:
919:
912:
911:
906:
902:
899:
893:
892:
887:
883:
880:
878:
874:
867:
866:
861:
857:
854:
848:
847:
842:
838:
835:
833:
829:
826:
823:
821:
818:
814:
811:
807:
803:
796:
792:
787:
781:
778:
776:
773:
771:
768:
766:
763:
761:
758:
756:
753:
751:
748:
746:
743:
741:
738:
736:
733:
731:
728:
726:
723:
721:
718:
717:
715:
712:
711:
705:
702:
700:
697:
695:
694:nuclear speck
692:
690:
687:
686:
684:
681:
680:
674:
671:
669:
666:
664:
661:
659:
656:
654:
651:
649:
646:
644:
641:
639:
636:
635:
633:
630:
629:
626:
625:Gene ontology
622:
618:
606:
601:
597:
592:
589:
587:
583:
575:
570:
559:
555:
551:
547:
543:
539:
535:
531:
527:
523:
522:
519:
515:
510:
507:
497:
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
461:
460:
457:
453:
448:
445:
444:
441:
439:
435:
433:
432:
428:
427:
424:
422:
418:
414:
410:
406:
398:
393:
389:
385:
380:
370:
366:
359:
352:
346:
339:
331:
327:
323:
318:
314:
309:
305:
297:
292:
288:
284:
279:
269:
265:
258:
251:
245:
238:
234:
228:
224:
220:
215:
211:
206:
202:
198:
194:
190:
186:
182:
178:
174:
170:
166:
162:
154:
149:
142:
137:
132:
121:
119:
115:
111:
107:
103:
97:
92:
89:
88:
84:
81:
74:
70:
65:
61:
57:
52:
47:
44:
37:
30:
19:
9922:Sex reversal
9878:Y chromosome
9873:X chromosome
9729:
9684:
9640:
9598:
9590:
9562:
9556:
9550:
9519:
9484:
9472:
9409:
9386:
9368:
9336:
9307:
9188:
9118:
9092:
9044:
8947:
8894:
8814:
8802:
8756:
8748:
8654:
8600:
8573:
8565:
8536:
8525:
8269:FOX proteins
8229:winged helix
8221:
8192:
8175:
8118:
8038:
8012:
7890:
7856:
7839:
7817:
7800:
7733:
7701:
7555:
7518:
7499:
7445:
7411:
7405:
7099:
7093:
7082:
7076:Antennapedia
7074:
7061:
7049:
7043:
7012:
6970:
6948:
6925:
6904:
6662:
6615:
6561:
6507:
6420:
6398:
6376:
6354:
6337:
6295:
6224:
6106:
6074:
6026:
5998:
5978:
5953:
5916:
5882:Progesterone
5835:
5731:
5579:
5565:
5559:
5543:
5485:
5438:
5430:
5328:
5238:
5187:
5145:
5105:
5078:
5048:
5021:
4855:
4845:
4828:
4811:
4723:
4679:
4647:
4610:
4467:
4357:
4345:
4284:
4269:
4254:
4239:
4137:
4108:
4104:
4063:
4059:
4018:
4014:
3973:
3969:
3934:
3930:
3885:
3881:
3855:
3851:
3829:(1): 331–3.
3826:
3822:
3794:
3790:
3756:(4): 350–5.
3753:
3749:
3714:
3710:
3679:
3675:
3641:(4): 471–4.
3638:
3634:
3612:(1): 13–24.
3609:
3605:
3572:
3568:
3533:
3498:
3463:
3459:
3433:(1): 71–92.
3430:
3426:
3393:
3389:
3334:
3330:
3320:
3275:
3271:
3261:
3249:. Retrieved
3229:
3202:
3198:
3188:
3161:
3157:
3147:
3135:. Retrieved
3131:the original
3126:
3099:
3087:. Retrieved
3083:
3074:
3049:
3045:
2991:
2987:
2931:
2927:
2917:
2908:
2898:
2871:
2867:
2857:
2830:
2824:
2789:
2785:
2775:
2753:(1): 13–24.
2750:
2746:
2740:
2728:. Retrieved
2723:
2714:
2702:. Retrieved
2698:
2689:
2677:. Retrieved
2672:
2633:
2629:
2619:
2584:
2580:
2545:(1): 19–29.
2542:
2538:
2532:
2497:
2491:
2458:
2454:
2448:
2421:
2417:
2361:
2357:
2309:
2305:
2269:
2265:
2255:
2220:
2216:
2206:
2173:
2169:
2117:
2114:FEBS Letters
2113:
2106:
2097:
2091:
2085:
2058:
2054:
1996:
1992:
1982:
1941:
1937:
1931:
1922:
1913:
1904:
1895:
1822:
1805:
1768:
1718:
1709:
1705:
1688:
1668:
1651:
1632:
1613:
1604:
1596:
1570:
1566:
1562:
1558:
1550:
1512:
1475:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1447:
1442:
1438:
1430:
1426:zinc fingers
1421:
1416:
1414:
1409:
1393:
1389:
1374:
1371:sex reversal
1361:
1360:
1346:
1335:
1331:
1330:, which use
1319:
1301:
1298:X chromosome
1289:
1288:
1264:, while the
1262:testosterone
1258:Leydig cells
1230:upregulation
1215:
1195:Y chromosome
1161:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1136:
1131:Y chromosome
1122:
1045:
1024:
998:
977:
953:
934:
908:
889:
863:
844:
824:
819:
540:cumulus cell
532:aortic valve
470:right testis
436:
429:
374:Y|Ypter
156:External IDs
99:
43:
9971:Epigenetics
9410:(4.11) Runt
7065:Homeodomain
6663:zinc finger
5999:subfamily 0
5979:subfamily 6
5954:subfamily 5
5917:subfamily 4
5836:subfamily 3
5732:subfamily 2
5580:subfamily 1
5547:Zinc finger
4790:Neurogenins
4358:(1.1) Basic
4222:PDB gallery
4138:GeneReviews
3337:(1): 3136.
3089:29 February
2055:Development
1781:were ruled
1535:acetylation
1300:bound gene
699:nucleoplasm
658:DNA binding
524:ankle joint
490:skin of leg
474:left testis
134:Identifiers
9955:Categories
7943:POU domain
7083:ANTP class
7013:(2.6) WRKY
6296:GLI family
5431:(1.5) RF-X
5329:(1.4) NF-1
4161:Genes,+sry
2849:1004376412
1890:, May 2017
1869:, May 2017
1845:References
1809:microarray
1543:calmodulin
1539:importin β
1533:of SRY by
1527:N-terminal
1523:C-terminal
1492:cells and
1382:base pairs
1357:Regulation
1328:placentals
1324:marsupials
1312:monotremes
1308:SOX family
1276:of males.
1238:expression
1220:family of
1188:intronless
1184:marsupials
440:(ortholog)
395:2,663,658
382:2,662,471
294:2,787,682
281:2,786,855
177:HomoloGene
9888:(mammal)
9730:see also
9571:Apetala 2
8225:Fork head
6905:(2.4) Cys
6107:(2.3) Cys
4839:Scleraxis
2334:186238659
1723:with the
1628:crossover
1616:karyotype
1343:(HMG) box
1285:Evolution
1242:sex cords
1207:phenotype
1199:Mutations
1048:NP_035694
1027:NP_003131
1001:NM_011564
980:NM_003140
810:Orthologs
689:cytoplasm
185:GeneCards
9940:Category
9912:Intersex
9900:See also
9784:Overview
9048:MADS box
7188:Homeobox
7100:Hox-like
7094:protoHOX
5855:Estrogen
5850:Androgen
5704:Rev-ErbA
5242:bHLH-ZIP
5217:bHLH-COE
4756:Myogenin
4146:20301589
4105:Genomics
3961:37972412
3931:Medicine
3852:Genomics
3778:19470332
3626:16996051
3597:19870331
3589:16414182
3560:12575752
3525:11990798
3490:43503112
3369:24190364
3312:33443157
3251:9 August
3242:Archived
3221:12370551
3180:11252710
3084:omim.org
3066:21237710
2958:16488877
2890:11585838
2816:19361780
2767:16996051
2652:22964823
2611:22179516
2559:19027189
2524:22099693
2483:20940513
2475:14684982
2440:12920151
2388:19914267
2358:Steroids
2326:26690510
2288:11071752
2247:18463302
2198:36988324
2150:24519808
2142:10601652
2077:21062860
2031:31675679
2023:18581056
2014:11131626
1886:–
1865:–
1828:See also
1733:dopamine
1721:interact
1490:follicle
1472:Function
1378:promoter
1351:autosome
1316:therians
1268:produce
1211:genotype
1152:), is a
1096:Wikidata
789:Sources:
18:SRY gene
9892:(birds)
9448:RUNX1T1
9428:CBFA2T3
9423:CBFA2T2
9303:TCF/LEF
7412:NK-like
7406:metaHOX
7109:ParaHox
7050:domains
5741:COUP-TF
5215:Group F
5138:Group E
5071:Group D
4935:Group C
4885:Group B
4829:Paraxis
4694:Group A
4186:PDBe-KB
4125:7557997
4096:2890077
4088:2909893
4068:Bibcode
4051:4326539
4043:2247151
4023:Bibcode
4006:3336314
3998:2247149
3978:Bibcode
3953:1956279
3918:4364032
3910:1695712
3890:Bibcode
3872:1639410
3843:1619028
3813:1570829
3804:1682588
3770:1483689
3741:1425584
3698:1415266
3689:1682856
3663:9332496
3655:1339396
3482:8257986
3447:8122913
3418:7985018
3398:Bibcode
3390:Science
3360:3817445
3339:Bibcode
3303:7812820
3280:Bibcode
3137:12 June
3028:9560246
2996:Bibcode
2966:5939578
2936:Bibcode
2807:2680992
2730:3 March
2704:3 March
2679:3 March
2602:3735148
2379:2891862
2238:2413164
2178:Bibcode
2122:Bibcode
1974:3336314
1966:2247149
1946:Bibcode
1888:Ensembl
1867:Ensembl
1626:during
1482:Sertoli
1296:of the
1176:mammals
1173:therian
922:UniProt
877:Ensembl
816:Species
795:QuickGO
704:nucleus
556:condyle
415:pattern
141:Aliases
9808:gonads
9796:humans
8161:Bicoid
7426:BARHL2
7421:BARHL1
7003:JMJD1B
6916:HIVEP1
5401:I-SMAD
5369:R-SMAD
5287:MLXIPL
5042:Period
4968:ARNTL2
4773:NeuroD
4177:(MeSH)
4167:(MeSH)
4144:
4123:
4094:
4086:
4060:Nature
4049:
4041:
4015:Nature
4004:
3996:
3970:Nature
3959:
3951:
3916:
3908:
3882:Nature
3870:
3841:
3811:
3801:
3776:
3768:
3739:
3732:557025
3729:
3696:
3686:
3661:
3653:
3624:
3595:
3587:
3558:
3548:
3523:
3513:
3488:
3480:
3445:
3416:
3367:
3357:
3310:
3300:
3219:
3178:
3064:
3026:
3016:
2964:
2956:
2888:
2847:
2837:
2814:
2804:
2765:
2650:
2609:
2599:
2557:
2522:
2512:
2481:
2473:
2438:
2386:
2376:
2332:
2324:
2286:
2245:
2235:
2196:
2148:
2140:
2075:
2029:
2021:
2011:
1972:
1964:
1938:Nature
1559:Ptgds)
1486:Leydig
1254:testis
1236:. Its
1144:), or
1082:search
1080:PubMed
955:Q05738
936:Q05066
832:Entrez
586:BioGPS
273:Yp11.2
165:480000
9890:DMRT1
9711:Sigma
9576:EREBP
9560:EREBP
9551:(0.5)
9520:(0.3)
9443:RUNX3
9438:RUNX2
9433:RUNX1
9377:TFCP2
9298:SSRP1
9119:(4.7)
9109:TBPL1
9093:(4.6)
9045:(4.4)
8895:(4.2)
8836:NFKB2
8831:NFKB1
8826:NF-κB
8815:(4.1)
8739:MYBL2
8526:(3.4)
8222:(3.3)
8171:BICD2
8146:SHOX2
8114:PROP1
8098:PRRX
8008:SATB2
7953:BRN-3
7948:PIT-1
7840:PKNOX
7755:TALE
7751:NOBOX
7724:HESX1
7697:CUTL1
7679:other
7573:NANOG
7436:BARX2
7431:BARX1
7183:MEOX2
7178:MEOX1
7062:(3.1)
6971:JARID
6944:GRLF1
6939:DIDO1
6599:Zbtb7
6589:TSHZ3
6557:PRDM9
6355:HIVEP
6220:ATBF1
6174:TFIIH
6159:TFIIF
6142:TFIIE
6137:TFIID
6132:TFIIB
6127:TFIIA
6097:TRPS1
5963:LRH-1
5941:NURR1
5931:NGFIB
5759:Ear-2
5560:(2.1)
5302:SREBP
5239:(1.3)
5001:NPAS
4990:EPAS1
4975:CLOCK
4963:ARNTL
4937:bHLH-
4913:n-Myc
4908:l-Myc
4903:c-Myc
4893:FIGLA
4875:Twist
4834:TCF15
4741:MESP2
4719:ATOH1
4712:ASCL2
4707:ASCL1
4638:NFIL3
4569:GABPA
4564:DDIT3
4495:C/EBP
4490:BLZF1
4451:c-Jun
4441:FOSL2
4436:FOSL1
4426:c-Fos
4092:S2CID
4047:S2CID
4002:S2CID
3957:S2CID
3914:S2CID
3774:S2CID
3659:S2CID
3593:S2CID
3486:S2CID
3278:(2).
3245:(PDF)
3238:(PDF)
3019:20231
2962:S2CID
2479:S2CID
2330:S2CID
2194:S2CID
2146:S2CID
2027:S2CID
1970:S2CID
1571:Ptgds
1494:theca
1450:GATA4
1250:gonad
865:21674
825:Mouse
820:Human
791:Amigo
462:gonad
438:Mouse
431:Human
378:Start
313:Mouse
277:Start
210:Human
181:48168
173:98660
9775:and
9680:MNDA
9599:ARID
9554:AP-2
9541:RBL2
9536:RBL1
9510:HBP1
9493:HMGA
9400:YBX1
9395:CSDA
9330:LEF1
9162:HMGN
9135:HMGB
9056:Mef2
9035:MYRF
9023:TBR2
9018:TBR1
8966:TP63
8906:STAT
8898:STAT
8858:NFAT
8851:RELB
8846:RELA
8801:(4)
8682:FLI1
8648:SPIB
8349:D4L6
8344:D4L5
8339:D4L4
8334:D4L3
8329:D4L1
8193:PITX
8156:VSX2
8151:VSX1
8141:SHOX
8119:PHOX
7801:MEIS
7729:HOPX
7665:VAX2
7660:VAX1
7655:TLX3
7650:TLX2
7645:TLX1
7640:NATO
7623:HMX3
7618:HMX2
7613:HMX1
7551:LBX2
7546:LBX1
7536:HHEX
7395:MNX1
7390:GBX2
7385:GBX1
7173:Evx2
7168:Evx1
7136:PDX1
7131:Xlox
7021:WRKY
6934:AIRE
6893:804A
6616:ZBTB
6562:SALL
6552:OSR1
6547:MYT1
6542:MTF1
6377:IKZF
6316:REST
6291:GFI1
6286:ERV3
6254:E4F1
6249:CTCF
6038:GATA
6008:DAX1
5988:GCNF
5936:NOR1
5764:HNF4
5633:PPAR
5566:(Cys
5494:AP-2
5364:SMAD
5319:USF1
5292:MXI1
5272:MITF
5265:MXD3
5260:MXD1
5250:AP-4
5225:EBF1
5101:Pho4
5079:BHLH
4958:ARNT
4953:AHRR
4925:TCF4
4920:MXD4
4851:LYL1
4812:OLIG
4766:MYF6
4761:MYF5
4751:MyoD
4724:HAND
4702:AS-C
4684:bHLH
4670:XBP1
4574:GCN4
4554:CREM
4532:CREB
4485:BATF
4468:BACH
4461:JunD
4456:JUNB
4446:JDP2
4431:FOSB
4421:AP-1
4379:AATF
4365:bZIP
4331:and
4285:1j47
4270:1j46
4255:1hrz
4240:1hry
4142:PMID
4121:PMID
4084:PMID
4039:PMID
3994:PMID
3949:PMID
3906:PMID
3868:PMID
3839:PMID
3809:PMID
3766:PMID
3737:PMID
3694:PMID
3651:PMID
3622:PMID
3585:PMID
3556:PMID
3546:ISBN
3521:PMID
3511:ISBN
3478:PMID
3443:PMID
3414:PMID
3365:PMID
3308:PMID
3253:2012
3217:PMID
3176:PMID
3139:2011
3091:2020
3062:PMID
3024:PMID
2954:PMID
2886:PMID
2845:OCLC
2835:ISBN
2812:PMID
2763:PMID
2732:2020
2706:2020
2681:2020
2648:PMID
2607:PMID
2555:PMID
2520:PMID
2510:ISBN
2471:PMID
2436:PMID
2384:PMID
2322:PMID
2284:PMID
2243:PMID
2138:PMID
2073:PMID
2019:PMID
1962:PMID
1739:and
1600:FGF9
1577:(PGD
1541:and
1503:Fgf9
1499:SOX9
1484:and
1435:DAX1
1326:and
1314:and
1303:SOX3
1234:SOX9
1209:and
1182:and
1165:gene
846:6736
421:Bgee
369:Band
330:Chr.
268:Band
227:Chr.
161:OMIM
118:2GZK
114:1J47
110:1J46
106:1HRZ
102:1HRY
83:RCSB
80:PDBe
9886:SRY
9707:Rho
9685:NFY
9658:MLL
9641:IFI
9636:CAP
9418:CBF
9337:TOX
9308:TCF
9293:SRY
9206:SOX
9189:HNF
9130:BBX
9104:TBP
9083:SRF
9028:TFT
8978:TBX
8971:p73
8961:p53
8841:REL
8734:MYB
8655:ETV
8643:ERG
8628:ETS
8623:ERF
8601:ELK
8596:EGF
8574:ELF
8538:HSF
8237:E2F
8176:OTX
8166:GSC
8136:RAX
8047:PAX
8013:ZEB
7986:3/4
7936:21A
7891:PHF
7857:SIX
7818:PBX
7794:MKX
7759:IRX
7734:LMX
7702:FHL
7692:CRX
7687:ARX
7633:6-2
7628:6-1
7608:3-2
7603:3-1
7598:2-5
7593:2-3
7588:2-2
7583:2-1
7578:NKX
7556:MSX
7541:HLX
7501:EMX
7463:DLX
7446:DBX
7441:BSX
7378:D13
7373:D12
7368:D11
7363:D10
7333:C13
7328:C12
7323:C11
7318:C10
7288:B13
7238:A13
7233:A11
7228:A10
7143:Cdx
7114:Gsx
7044:(3)
6949:ING
6888:655
6883:649
6878:644
6873:638
6868:593
6863:471
6858:452
6853:451
6848:423
6843:384
6838:366
6833:365
6828:350
6823:346
6818:330
6813:318
6808:300
6803:281
6798:268
6793:267
6788:259
6783:239
6778:238
6773:219
6768:217
6763:202
6758:165
6753:148
6748:146
6743:143
6703:33B
6594:WT1
6421:KLF
6399:ILF
6338:HIC
6331:YY1
6259:EGR
6242:11B
6237:11A
6226:BCL
6209:3C2
6204:3C1
6111:His
6075:MTA
6013:SHP
5968:SF1
5926:NUR
5825:TLX
5786:RXR
5781:PNR
5721:VDR
5682:ROR
5660:RAR
5655:PXR
5643:β/δ
5616:LXR
5611:FXR
5606:CAR
5544:(2)
5474:ANK
5439:RFX
5337:NFI
5297:Myc
5282:MLX
5277:MNT
5255:MAX
5188:HEY
5146:HES
5049:SIM
5022:PER
4980:HIF
4948:AhR
4939:PAS
4898:Myc
4856:TAL
4846:SLC
4648:NRF
4643:NRL
4611:NFE
4584:MAF
4579:HLF
4559:DBP
4113:doi
4076:doi
4064:337
4031:doi
4019:348
3986:doi
3974:348
3939:doi
3898:doi
3886:346
3860:doi
3831:doi
3799:PMC
3758:doi
3727:PMC
3719:doi
3684:PMC
3643:doi
3614:doi
3610:302
3577:doi
3573:247
3538:doi
3503:doi
3468:doi
3435:doi
3406:doi
3394:266
3355:PMC
3347:doi
3298:PMC
3288:doi
3276:118
3207:doi
3166:doi
3054:doi
3014:PMC
3004:doi
2944:doi
2876:doi
2872:276
2802:PMC
2794:doi
2755:doi
2751:302
2638:doi
2597:PMC
2589:doi
2547:doi
2502:doi
2463:doi
2459:101
2426:doi
2374:PMC
2366:doi
2314:doi
2274:doi
2270:227
2233:PMC
2225:doi
2186:doi
2130:doi
2118:463
2098:120
2063:doi
2059:137
2009:PMC
2001:doi
1954:doi
1942:348
1567:Amh
1563:Amh
1551:Amh
1466:SRY
1462:SRY
1458:SRY
1454:SRY
1443:SRY
1439:SRY
1431:SRY
1422:SR1
1417:SRY
1410:SRY
1406:WT1
1398:SF1
1394:SRY
1390:SRY
1375:SRY
1362:SRY
1347:SRY
1336:SRY
1332:SRY
1320:SRY
1290:SRY
1222:DNA
1191:sex
1171:in
1162:SRY
1150:TDF
1142:SRY
391:End
290:End
193:OMA
189:SRY
169:MGI
148:SRY
73:PDB
49:SRY
9957::
9851:ZW
9846:X0
9841:XY
9673:T1
9651:35
9646:16
9629:4A
9624:3B
9619:3A
9609:1B
9604:1A
9581:B3
9531:Rb
9286:21
9281:18
9276:15
9271:14
9266:13
9261:12
9256:11
9251:10
9199:1B
9194:1A
9013:22
9008:21
9003:19
8878:C4
8873:C3
8868:C2
8863:C1
8514:S1
8509:R2
8504:R1
8499:Q1
8494:P4
8489:P3
8484:P2
8479:P1
8474:O6
8469:O4
8464:O3
8459:O1
8454:N4
8449:N3
8444:N2
8439:N1
8434:M1
8429:L2
8424:L1
8419:K2
8414:K1
8409:J3
8404:J2
8399:J1
8394:I3
8389:I2
8384:I1
8379:H1
8374:G1
8369:F2
8364:F1
8359:E3
8354:E1
8324:D4
8319:D3
8314:D2
8309:D1
8304:C2
8299:C1
8294:B2
8289:B1
8284:A3
8279:A2
8274:A1
8227:/
8129:2B
8124:2A
8001:11
7974::
7955::
7931:20
7926:17
7921:16
7916:10
7744:1B
7739:1A
7519:EN
7358:D9
7353:D8
7348:D4
7343:D3
7338:D1
7313:C9
7308:C8
7303:C6
7298:C5
7293:C4
7283:B9
7278:B8
7273:B7
7268:B6
7263:B5
7258:B4
7253:B3
7248:B2
7243:B1
7223:A9
7218:A7
7213:A5
7208:A4
7203:A3
7198:A2
7193:A1
6991:1D
6986:1C
6981:1B
6976:1A
6738:74
6733:51
6728:44
6723:43
6718:41
6713:35
6708:34
6698:24
6693:22
6688:19
6683:10
6656:40
6651:33
6646:32
6641:21
6636:20
6631:17
6626:16
6621:11
6609:7B
6604:7A
6508:SP
6501:17
6496:15
6491:14
6486:13
6481:12
6476:11
6471:10
6326:S2
6321:S1
6199:3A
6194:2I
5752:II
5106:ID
4995:3A
4985:1A
4631:L3
4626:L2
4621:L1
4547:L1
4119:.
4109:27
4107:.
4090:.
4082:.
4074:.
4062:.
4045:.
4037:.
4029:.
4017:.
4000:.
3992:.
3984:.
3972:.
3955:.
3947:.
3935:70
3933:.
3929:.
3912:.
3904:.
3896:.
3884:.
3866:.
3856:13
3854:.
3837:.
3827:75
3825:.
3807:.
3795:50
3793:.
3789:.
3772:.
3764:.
3754:90
3752:.
3735:.
3725:.
3715:11
3713:.
3709:.
3692:.
3680:51
3678:.
3674:.
3657:.
3649:.
3639:88
3637:.
3620:.
3608:.
3591:.
3583:.
3571:.
3554:.
3544:.
3519:.
3509:.
3484:.
3476:.
3462:.
3458:.
3441:.
3431:27
3429:.
3412:.
3404:.
3392:.
3363:.
3353:.
3345:.
3333:.
3329:.
3306:.
3296:.
3286:.
3274:.
3270:.
3215:.
3203:34
3201:.
3197:.
3174:.
3160:.
3156:.
3125:.
3113:^
3082:.
3060:.
3050:17
3048:.
3036:^
3022:.
3012:.
3002:.
2992:95
2990:.
2986:.
2974:^
2960:.
2952:.
2942:.
2932:16
2930:.
2926:.
2907:.
2884:.
2870:.
2866:.
2843:.
2810:.
2800:.
2790:84
2788:.
2784:.
2761:.
2749:.
2722:.
2697:.
2671:.
2660:^
2646:.
2632:.
2628:.
2605:.
2595:.
2585:14
2583:.
2579:.
2567:^
2553:.
2543:25
2541:.
2518:.
2508:.
2477:.
2469:.
2457:.
2434:.
2422:24
2420:.
2416:.
2396:^
2382:.
2372:.
2362:75
2360:.
2356:.
2342:^
2328:.
2320:.
2310:94
2308:.
2296:^
2282:.
2268:.
2264:.
2241:.
2231:.
2221:18
2219:.
2215:.
2192:.
2184:.
2174:36
2172:.
2158:^
2144:.
2136:.
2128:.
2116:.
2096:.
2071:.
2057:.
2053:.
2039:^
2025:.
2017:.
2007:.
1997:65
1995:.
1991:.
1968:.
1960:.
1952:.
1940:.
1921:.
1903:.
1874:^
1853:^
1815:.
1412:.
1213:.
1197:.
793:/
397:bp
384:bp
296:bp
283:bp
191:;
187::
183:;
179::
175:;
171::
167:;
163::
116:,
112:,
108:,
104:,
9765:e
9758:t
9751:v
9709:/
9700:C
9695:B
9690:A
9668:3
9663:2
9614:2
9557:/
9503:2
9498:1
9357:4
9352:3
9347:2
9342:1
9323:4
9318:3
9313:1
9246:9
9241:8
9236:6
9231:5
9226:4
9221:3
9216:2
9211:1
9182:4
9177:3
9172:2
9167:1
9155:4
9150:3
9145:2
9140:1
9076:D
9071:C
9066:B
9061:A
8998:5
8993:3
8988:2
8983:1
8936:6
8931:5
8926:4
8921:3
8916:2
8911:1
8883:5
8777:4
8772:3
8767:2
8762:1
8727:8
8722:7
8717:6
8712:5
8707:4
8702:3
8697:2
8692:1
8675:6
8670:5
8665:4
8660:1
8638:2
8633:1
8616:4
8611:3
8606:1
8589:5
8584:4
8579:2
8554:4
8549:2
8544:1
8262:5
8257:4
8252:3
8247:2
8242:1
8208:3
8203:2
8198:1
8186:2
8181:1
8107:2
8102:1
8092:9
8087:8
8082:7
8077:6
8072:5
8067:4
8062:3
8057:2
8052:1
8023:2
8018:1
7996:7
7991:6
7981:2
7976:1
7967:C
7962:B
7957:A
7911:8
7906:6
7901:3
7896:1
7882:5
7877:4
7872:3
7867:2
7862:1
7850:2
7845:1
7833:3
7828:2
7823:1
7811:2
7806:1
7789:6
7784:5
7779:4
7774:3
7769:2
7764:1
7717:3
7712:2
7707:1
7566:2
7561:1
7529:2
7524:1
7512:2
7507:1
7493:6
7488:5
7483:4
7478:3
7473:2
7468:1
7456:2
7451:1
7158:4
7153:2
7148:1
7124:2
7119:1
6996:2
6964:4
6959:2
6954:1
6907:6
6678:9
6673:7
6668:3
6582:4
6577:3
6572:2
6567:1
6533:8
6528:7
6523:4
6518:2
6513:1
6466:9
6461:8
6456:7
6451:6
6446:5
6441:4
6436:3
6431:2
6426:1
6409:3
6404:2
6392:3
6387:2
6382:1
6370:3
6365:2
6360:1
6348:2
6343:1
6311:3
6306:2
6301:1
6279:4
6274:3
6269:2
6264:1
6232:6
6189:4
6184:2
6179:1
6169:2
6164:1
6152:2
6147:1
6113:2
6109:2
6090:3
6085:2
6080:1
6068:6
6063:5
6058:4
6053:3
6048:2
6043:1
6029:4
5904:γ
5899:β
5894:α
5865:β
5860:α
5818:4
5813:2
5801:γ
5796:β
5791:α
5774:γ
5769:α
5747:I
5745:(
5714:β
5709:α
5697:γ
5692:β
5687:α
5675:γ
5670:β
5665:α
5648:γ
5638:α
5626:β
5621:α
5599:β
5594:α
5570:)
5568:4
5519:ε
5514:δ
5509:γ
5504:β
5499:α
5469:6
5464:5
5459:4
5454:3
5449:2
5444:1
5420:)
5418:4
5411:7
5406:6
5394:9
5389:5
5384:3
5379:2
5374:1
5357:X
5352:C
5347:B
5342:A
5312:2
5307:1
5203:L
5198:2
5193:1
5181:7
5176:6
5171:5
5166:4
5161:3
5156:2
5151:1
5126:4
5121:3
5116:2
5111:1
5094:9
5089:3
5084:2
5059:2
5054:1
5037:3
5032:2
5027:1
5015:3
5010:2
5005:1
4866:2
4861:1
4822:2
4817:1
4805:3
4800:2
4795:1
4783:2
4778:1
4734:2
4729:1
4686:)
4682:(
4663:3
4658:2
4653:1
4616:2
4604:K
4599:G
4594:F
4589:B
4542:3
4537:1
4525:ζ
4520:ε
4515:δ
4510:γ
4505:β
4500:α
4478:2
4473:1
4414:7
4409:6
4404:5
4399:4
4394:3
4389:2
4384:1
4367:)
4363:(
4321:e
4314:t
4307:v
4215:e
4208:t
4201:v
4148:.
4127:.
4115::
4098:.
4078::
4070::
4053:.
4033::
4025::
4008:.
3988::
3980::
3963:.
3941::
3920:.
3900::
3892::
3874:.
3862::
3845:.
3833::
3815:.
3780:.
3760::
3743:.
3721::
3700:.
3665:.
3645::
3628:.
3616::
3599:.
3579::
3562:.
3540::
3527:.
3505::
3492:.
3470::
3464:2
3449:.
3437::
3420:.
3408::
3400::
3371:.
3349::
3341::
3335:3
3314:.
3290::
3282::
3255:.
3223:.
3209::
3182:.
3168::
3162:2
3141:.
3107:.
3093:.
3068:.
3056::
3030:.
3006::
2998::
2968:.
2946::
2938::
2892:.
2878::
2851:.
2818:.
2796::
2769:.
2757::
2734:.
2708:.
2683:.
2654:.
2640::
2634:7
2613:.
2591::
2561:.
2549::
2526:.
2504::
2485:.
2465::
2442:.
2428::
2390:.
2368::
2336:.
2316::
2290:.
2276::
2249:.
2227::
2200:.
2188::
2180::
2152:.
2132::
2124::
2079:.
2065::
2033:.
2003::
1976:.
1956::
1948::
1925:.
1907:.
1583:2
1579:2
1557:(
1178:(
1148:(
1140:(
315:)
212:)
195::
38:.
31:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.