459:
proper examination will lead the physician to obtain appropriate historical information and/or laboratory tests that are able to confirm the diagnosis. Upon examination, the important clinical observations are the (1) morphology, (2) configuration, and (3) distribution of the lesion(s). With regard to morphology, the initial lesion that characterizes a condition is known as the "primary lesion", and identification of such a lesions is the most important aspect of the cutaneous examination. Over time, these primary lesions may continue to develop or be modified by regression or trauma, producing "secondary lesions". However, with that being stated, the lack of standardization of basic dermatologic terminology has been one of the principal barriers to successful communication among physicians in describing cutaneous findings. Nevertheless, there are some commonly accepted terms used to describe the macroscopic morphology, configuration, and distribution of skin lesions, which are listed below.
303:. Of these, keratinocytes are the major component, constituting roughly 95% of the epidermis. This stratified squamous epithelium is maintained by cell division within the stratum basale, in which differentiating cells slowly displace outwards through the stratum spinosum to the stratum corneum, where cells are continually shed from the surface. In normal skin, the rate of production equals the rate of loss; about two weeks are needed for a cell to migrate from the basal cell layer to the top of the granular cell layer, and an additional two weeks to cross the stratum corneum.
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353:. The dermis contains two vascular networks that run parallel to the skin surface—one superficial and one deep plexus—which are connected by vertical communicating vessels. The function of blood vessels within the dermis is fourfold: to supply nutrition, to regulate temperature, to modulate inflammation, and to participate in wound healing.
977:"Distribution" refers to how lesions are localized. They may be confined to a single area (a patch) or may be in several places. Some distributions correlate with the means by which a given area becomes affected. For example, contact dermatitis correlates with locations where allergen has elicited an allergic immune response.
458:
The physical examination of the skin and its appendages, as well as the mucous membranes, forms the cornerstone of an accurate diagnosis of cutaneous conditions. Most of these conditions present with cutaneous surface changes termed "lesions," which have more or less distinct characteristics. Often
601:: A patch is a large macule equal to or greater than either 5 or 10 mm across, depending on one's definition of a macule. Patches may have some subtle surface change, such as a fine scale or wrinkling, but although the consistency of the surface is changed, the lesion itself is not palpable.
78:
Bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites, insects, trauma, cancers, allergies, toxins, vitamin/nutritional deficiencies/excesses, prolonged pressure, impaired blood circulation, ingrown hairs or nails, autoimmune conditions, aging, sun exposure, radiation exposure, exposure to heat/cold, dryness,
989:("shingles"). Chicken pox appears nearly everywhere on the body, but herpes zoster tends to follow one or two dermatomes; for example, the eruptions may appear along the bra line, on either or both sides of the patient.
595:: A macule is a change in surface color, without elevation or depression, so nonpalpable, well or ill-defined, variously sized, but generally considered less than either 5 or 10 mm in diameter at the widest point.
809:
refers to a loss of skin, and can be epidermal, dermal, or subcutaneous. With epidermal atrophy, the skin appears thin, translucent, and wrinkled. Dermal or subcutaneous atrophy is represented by depression of the
617:: A plaque has been described as a broad papule, or confluence of papules equal to or greater than 10 mm, or alternatively as an elevated, plateau-like lesion that is greater in its diameter than in its depth.
625:: A nodule is morphologically similar to a papule in that it is also a palpable spherical lesion less than 10 mm in diameter. However, it is differentiated by being centered deeper in the dermis or subcutis.
4338:
132:). While only a small number of skin diseases account for most visits to the physician, thousands of skin conditions have been described. Classification of these conditions often presents many
151:
Clinically, the diagnosis of any particular skin condition begins by gathering pertinent information of the presenting skin lesion(s), including: location (e.g. arms, head, legs); symptoms (
124:
Conditions of the human integumentary system constitute a broad spectrum of diseases, also known as dermatoses, as well as many nonpathologic states (like, in certain circumstances,
4331:
5412:
2418:
213:, the nonhairy skin on the palms and soles (also referred to as the "palmoplantar" surfaces), and hair-bearing skin. Within the latter type, hairs in structures called
4324:
136:
challenges, since underlying causes and pathogenetics are often not known. Therefore, most current textbooks present a classification based on location (for example,
387:
compartments, which differ in microscopic appearance. Functionally, the subcutaneous fat insulates the body, absorbs trauma, and serves as a reserve energy source.
2959:
197:
The skin weighs an average of 4 kg (8.8 lb), covers an area of about 2 m (22 sq ft), and is made of three distinct layers: the
3979:
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609:: A papule is a circumscribed, solid elevation of skin, varying in size from less than either 5 or 10 mm in diameter at the widest point.
137:
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848:"Configuration" refers to how lesions are locally grouped ("organized"), which contrasts with how they are distributed (see next section).
145:
2952:
654:, a rounded or irregularly shaped blister equal to or greater than either 5 or 10 mm, depending on one's definition of a vesicle.
333:
of the epidermis, between which the two layers interact through the basement membrane zone. Structural components of the dermis are
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is also called a welt, with the ID injection process itself frequently referred to as simply "raising a wheal" in medical texts.
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644:, a circumscribed, epidermal elevation generally considered less than either 5 or 10 mm in diameter at the widest point.
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information that can be correlated with the clinical presentation and any laboratory data. The introduction of cutaneous
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also called extra fibrillar matrix. Within these components are the pilosebaceous units, arrector pili muscles, and the
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789:: An ulcer is a discontinuity of the skin exhibiting complete loss of the epidermis and often portions of the dermis.
698:, disappearing within 24 to 48 hours. The temporary raised skin on the site of a properly delivered intradermal (ID)
724:: A burrow appears as a slightly elevated, grayish, tortuous line in the skin, and is caused by burrowing organisms.
4930:
757:: Epidermal thickening characterized by visible and palpable thickening of the skin with accentuated skin markings
4104:
3817:
777:
produced by mechanical means (often scratching), usually involving only the epidermis, but commonly reaching the
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317:
The dermis is the layer of skin between the epidermis and subcutaneous tissue, and comprises two sections, the
710:: Welts occur as a result of blunt force being applied to the body with elongated objects without sharp edges.
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from the dermis, since the epidermis is without direct blood supply. The epidermis contains four cell types:
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718:: A telangiectasia represents an enlargement of superficial blood vessels to the point of being visible.
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3223:
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1291:
Lippens S, Hoste E, Vandenabeele P, Agostinis P, Declercq W (April 2009). "Cell death in the skin".
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humidity, other organ damage or condition, substance usage or contact, hereditary conditions, etc.
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978:
680:: A pustule is a small elevation of the skin usually consisting of necrotic inflammatory cells.
423:
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694:: A wheal is a rounded or flat-topped, pale red papule or plaque that is characteristically
383:, or fat cell. The structure of this tissue is composed of septal (i.e. linear strands) and
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has allowed the detection of cutaneous tumors, inflammatory processes, and skin diseases.
8:
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2018:
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446:('On the diseases of the skin'). It is considered the first scientific work dedicated to
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121:. The major function of this system is as a barrier against the external environment.
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371:. This tissue may be further divided into two components, the actual fatty layer, or
94:
63:
1675:
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1634:
1618:"[Skin biopsy and its histopathologic analysis: Why? What for? How? Part I]"
1617:
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1659:"[Skin biopsy with histopathologic analysis: why? what for? how? part II]"
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110:
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is dermal thickening causing the cutaneous surface to feel thicker and firmer.
763:: An erosion is a discontinuity of the skin exhibiting incomplete loss of the
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129:
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The subcutaneous tissue is a layer of fat between the dermis and underlying
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125:
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155:, pain); duration (acute or chronic); arrangement (solitary, generalized,
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is formation of a depression at the top of a papule, vesicle, or pustule.
447:
411:
300:
172:
133:
68:
2476:
2163:
2146:
1949:
1900:
1724:
Weedon's Skin
Pathology, 2-Volume Set: Expert Consult – Online and Print
1457:
Lambert WC, Everett MA (October 1981). "The nosology of parapsoriasis".
818:: softening and turning white of the skin due to being consistently wet.
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1815:
Paus R, Cotsarelis G (August 1999). "The biology of hair follicles".
1234:
1114:
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477:
380:
284:
508:
171:); and color (red, yellow, etc.). Some diagnoses may also require a
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2017:
Amirlak B, Shahabi L. Talavera F, Stadelmann WK, Caputy GG (eds.).
1347:
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238:
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Similar to a nodule, but it is larger than 10 mm in diameter.
433:
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4841:
4791:
4720:
4444:
4439:
4434:
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2770:
2124:(2nd ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. p. 1019.
1290:
1217:
1124:
1031:
738:
651:
641:
260:
2391:
1752:"Real-Time Elastography in Inflammatory Skin Diseases: A Primer"
5460:
4783:
4728:
4495:
4490:
4464:
4373:
2120:
Ryan T (1991). "Cutaneous
Circulation". In Goldsmith LA (ed.).
1119:
1102:
917:
767:, a lesion that is moist, circumscribed, and usually depressed.
613:
605:
368:
312:
202:
164:
118:
114:
1593:
Fitzpatrick's Color Atlas and
Synopsis of Clinical Dermatology
4449:
1230:
437:
2392:
Copstead LE, Diestelmeier RE, Diestelmeier MR (2016-09-03).
751:
usually mixed with epithelial and sometimes bacterial debris
5030:
4549:
4368:
3847:
2765:
2360:
Cotran RS, Kumar V, Fausto N, Robbins SL, Abbas AK (2005).
2122:
Physiology, biochemistry, and molecular biology of the skin
1698:
Xu X, Elder DA, Elenitsas R, Johnson BL, Murphy GE (2008).
1022:: in an area where two skin areas may touch or rub together
684:
662:
106:
27:
Any medical condition that affects the integumentary system
1494:"Historical outline of attempts to classify skin diseases"
522:
2147:"Role of microvascular endothelial cells in inflammation"
2359:
797:
is a lesion in the skin that is usually narrow but deep.
1697:
255:
The epidermis is the most superficial layer of skin, a
2298:
2242:
2240:
2039:
1746:
1702:. Hagerstwon, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
981:
is known to recur (after its initial presentation as
2441:
2355:
2353:
2238:
2236:
2234:
2232:
2230:
2228:
2226:
2224:
2222:
2220:
2188:"Recognizing neoplastic skin lesions: a photo guide"
1590:
379:. The main cellular component of this tissue is the
58:
3D medical illustration showing major layers of skin
2301:
1595:(5th ed.). McGraw-Hill Medical Pub. Division.
237:, which is chemically influenced by the underlying
1370:
661:"Pustule" redirects here. Not to be confused with
4347:Diseases of the skin and appendages by morphology
3980:Disseminate and recurrent infundibulofolliculitis
2350:
2217:
1843:
1716:
1691:
5714:
2967:
2299:James WD, Berger TD, Elston DM, Odom RB (2006).
1268:Lookingbill and Marks' Principles of Dermatology
486:bites on human skin showing characteristic welts
241:that forms the dermis and subcutaneous tissues.
3084:Congenital onychodysplasia of the index fingers
1039:: on the palm of the hand or bottom of the foot
233:, the epidermis, hair, and glands are from the
146:skin conditions resulting from physical factors
2362:Robbins and Cotran pathologic basis of disease
2144:
1991:
1814:
1459:Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
1456:
375:, and a deeper vestigial layer of muscle, the
283:. Nourishment is provided to these layers via
5413:
4832:Pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta
4332:
3990:Erythromelanosis follicularis faciei et colli
2953:
2492:
1994:Fitzpatrick's Dermatology in General Medicine
1429:
1261:
1259:
1257:
1255:
1253:
1251:
836:on any external part of the body, such as in
4486:Dermatofibroma (benign fibrous histiocytoma)
1931:
1925:
1877:"Scratching the surface of skin development"
1868:
1650:
1609:
1586:
1584:
1582:
1580:
1578:
1576:
1574:
1572:
1570:
2322:
2320:
2294:
2292:
2290:
2288:
2138:
2040:Bolognia JL, Jorizzo JL, Rapini RP (2007).
1284:
1265:
741:, they represent thickened stratum corneum.
441:
5420:
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4339:
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2946:
2499:
2485:
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2094:
2088:
2016:
1785:
1783:
1781:
1779:
1726:. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone. 2009.
1526:
1450:
1432:Annales de Dermatologie et de Venereologie
1423:
1248:
49:
2506:
2416:
2394:"Alterations in the Integumentary System"
2162:
2065:
2063:
2061:
1957:
1908:
1849:
1789:
1767:
1674:
1633:
1567:
1550:
1509:
1051:: around or under a fingernail or toenail
186:
5427:
3985:Erosive pustular dermatosis of the scalp
3405:Central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia
2333:Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary
2326:
2317:
2151:The Journal of Investigative Dermatology
2033:
1591:Wolff K, Johnson RA, Suurmond R (2005).
1539:Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine
1368:
2265:
2145:Swerlick RA, Lawley TJ (January 1993).
1987:
1985:
1983:
1981:
1979:
1977:
1852:Biochemistry and physiology of the skin
1776:
1532:
1491:
1400:
1398:
1396:
1394:
1362:
930:: with rounded, breast-like projections
688:: A cyst is an epithelial-lined cavity.
390:
209:. The two main types of human skin are
14:
5715:
5139:Disseminated intravascular coagulation
3965:Acrokeratosis paraneoplastica of Bazex
2246:
2069:
2058:
1656:
1615:
1485:
1082:
356:
5401:
4320:
2941:
2480:
2387:
2385:
2383:
2381:
1874:
1792:Rook's Textbook of Dermatology CD-ROM
1404:
1045:: around an orifice such as the mouth
4004:Intermittent hair–follicle dystrophy
2820:Hydroxyethyl starch-induced pruritus
2364:. St. Louis, Mo: Elsevier Saunders.
2185:
2119:
1996:. Vol. 2. McGraw-Hill Medical.
1974:
1808:
1756:Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology
1750:, Cerezo E, Roustan G (April 2015).
1535:"The creation of global dermatology"
1498:Canadian Medical Association Journal
1391:
1334:King LS (1954). "What Is Disease?".
1333:
1077:: associated with a particular nerve
737:: Dry or greasy laminated masses of
728:
160:
105:that encloses the body and includes
3942:Recurrent palmoplantar hidradenitis
3823:Idiopathic facial aseptic granuloma
3460:Marie Unna hereditary hypotrichosis
2584:Urushiol-induced contact dermatitis
2113:
2099:. Informa Healthcare. p. 163.
1817:The New England Journal of Medicine
1327:
325:. The superficial papillary dermis
24:
4964:
4921:Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation
3683:Lupus miliaris disseminatus faciei
3430:Dissecting cellulitis of the scalp
2657:Autoimmune progesterone dermatitis
2378:
1769:10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2014.12.341
1700:Lever's Histopathology of the Skin
1067:: in places where sunlight reaches
467:
25:
5734:
4822:Transient acantholytic dermatosis
3947:Neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis
3706:Granulomatous perioral dermatitis
2437:
1932:Fuchs E, Horsley V (April 2008).
1663:Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia
1622:Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia
1145:
138:conditions of the mucous membrane
4931:Idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis
1430:Tilles G, Wallach D (1989). "".
843:
584:Relative incidence of skin cysts
577:
563:
549:
535:
521:
507:
493:
476:
4941:Hypopigmented mycosis fungoides
4105:Traumatic anserine folliculosis
3818:Granulomatous facial dermatitis
2410:
2251:. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders.
2179:
2010:
1992:Wolff KD, Goldsmith LA (2008).
1740:
1676:10.1590/S0365-05962009000500010
1635:10.1590/s0365-05962009000400010
972:
5182:Lichen sclerosis et atrophicus
4890:Subcorneal pustular dermatosis
4516:Infantile digital fibromatosis
3129:Malalignment of the nail plate
2694:Hyperkeratotic hand dermatitis
2652:Autoimmune estrogen dermatitis
1934:"More than one way to skin . "
1233:, an injury which damages the
882:: with finger-like projections
13:
1:
4774:Epidermolysis bullosa simplex
4611:Langerhans cell histiocytosis
3755:Erythrotelangiectatic rosacea
2903:substances taken internally:
2742:Nutritional deficiency eczema
2548:Pityriasis simplex capillitii
2419:"Description of Skin Lesions"
2417:Benedetti J (December 2021).
1471:10.1016/S0190-9622(81)70100-2
1241:
1008:: on the front of the fingers
556:Fissures, erosions and ulcers
402:Diseases of the skin include
142:chronic blistering conditions
5633:Obstetric labor complication
5250:Systemic lupus erythematosus
5005:Systemic lupus erythematosus
4696:Systemic lupus erythematosus
4008:Keratosis pilaris atropicans
3913:Folliculitis nares perforans
2701:Autosensitization dermatitis
2589:African blackwood dermatitis
1533:Copeman PW (February 1995).
1266:Miller JH, Marks JG (2006).
1111:(lasting less than 24 hours)
1014:: on the back of the fingers
1002:: one side mirrors the other
453:
244:
168:
7:
4531:Lymphangioma circumscriptum
3780:Persistent edema of rosacea
2927:Papuloerythroderma of Ofuji
2732:Juvenile plantar dermatosis
2336:(33rd ed.). Elsevier.
1854:. Oxford University Press.
1829:10.1056/NEJM199908123410706
1224:
10:
5739:
5628:Complications of pregnancy
5353:Mucous membrane pemphigoid
4210:Postmiliarial hypohidrosis
4038:Menkes kinky hair syndrome
3455:Frontal fibrosing alopecia
3264:Staining of the nail plate
3124:Longitudinal erythronychia
3119:Lichen planus of the nails
2679:Topical steroid withdrawal
2634:Protein contact dermatitis
2249:Color atlas of dermatology
2186:Rose LC (September 1998).
2072:Practical dermatopathology
1409:. Williams & Wilkins.
659:
462:
421:
417:
394:
360:
310:
248:
190:
5692:
5674:Connective tissue disease
5659:
5646:
5623:
5595:
5577:
5564:
5546:
5523:
5510:
5497:
5469:
5451:
5433:
5316:
5283:
5227:
5212:
5203:
5160:
5131:
5110:
5101:
5054:
5013:
4982:
4971:
4953:
4898:
4840:
4782:
4719:
4639:
4568:
4557:
4548:
4463:
4427:
4359:
4352:
4292:
4264:
4165:
4154:
4095:Rubinstein–Taybi syndrome
3957:
3925:Pseudofolliculitis barbae
3898:
3845:
3810:
3691:
3547:
3536:
3468:
3296:
3287:
3224:Pterygium inversum unguis
2976:
2896:
2760:
2747:Sulzberger–Garbe syndrome
2642:
2561:
2538:
2515:
2445:
2192:American Family Physician
1875:Fuchs E (February 2007).
1657:Werner B (October 2009).
1305:10.1007/s10495-009-0324-z
910:: coiled or spiral-shaped
898:: with a particular shape
306:
74:
62:
57:
48:
40:
35:
5664:Musculoskeletal disorder
5587:Gastrointestinal disease
5118:Thrombocytopenic purpura
4764:Dermatitis herpetiformis
4749:Acute contact dermatitis
4701:Pityriasis rubra pilaris
4626:Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome
4596:Lichen simplex chronicus
4476:Epidermal inclusion cyst
4137:Uncombable hair syndrome
4121:Trichorrhexis invaginata
3937:Hidradenitis suppurativa
3795:Periorificial dermatitis
2779:Lichen simplex chronicus
1790:Burns T, Rook A (2006).
1616:Werner B (August 2009).
1057:: following the path of
965:Verrucous or Verruciform
668:For the hieroglyph, see
5383:Squamous-cell carcinoma
5378:Systemic histoplasmosis
4769:Porphyria cutanea tarda
4399:Squamous-cell carcinoma
4115:Trichomycosis axillaris
4048:Parakeratosis pustulosa
3567:Acne miliaris necrotica
3348:(male-pattern baldness)
3312:noncicatricial alopecia
3234:Purpura of the nail bed
2604:Abietic acid dermatitis
1938:Genes & Development
773:: A punctate or linear
640:: A vesicle is a small
397:List of skin conditions
159:, linear); morphology (
5605:Female genital disease
5582:Maxillofacial disorder
5551:Cardiovascular disease
5358:Cicatricial pemphigoid
5275:Acne keloidalis nuchae
5270:Folliculitis decalvans
4132:Trichostasis spinulosa
3828:Periorbital dermatitis
3745:Papulopustular rosacea
3663:Acne with facial edema
3653:Acne keloidalis nuchae
3440:Folliculitis decalvans
3435:Graham-Little syndrome
3189:Onychoptosis defluvium
2095:Grant-Kels JM (2007).
1492:Jackson R (May 1977).
1105:(a type of dermatitis)
979:Varicella zoster virus
892:: round or disc-shaped
570:A pustule on the cheek
442:
424:History of dermatology
187:Layer of skin involved
5528:Neurological disorder
5260:Loose anagen syndrome
5187:Necrobiosis lipoidica
5123:Actinic/solar purpura
4797:Insect bite reactions
4586:Seborrheic dermatitis
4409:Merkel-cell carcinoma
4389:Molluscum contagiosum
4302:Sebaceous hyperplasia
4217:Granulosis rubra nasi
4080:Pityriasis amiantacea
4033:Loose anagen syndrome
3975:Bubble hair deformity
3765:Gram-negative rosacea
3528:Nevoid hypertrichosis
3400:Pseudopelade of Brocq
3279:Twenty-nail dystrophy
3154:Nail–patella syndrome
3134:Median nail dystrophy
2815:Drug-induced pruritus
2540:Seborrheic dermatitis
2303:. Saunders Elsevier.
1850:Goldsmith LA (1983).
1336:Philosophy of Science
650:: A bulla is a large
5723:Cutaneous conditions
5669:Soft tissue disorder
5615:Male genital disease
5428:Major Disease groups
5083:Annulare centrifugum
4606:Glucagonoma syndrome
4404:Basal-cell carcinoma
4379:Seborrheic keratosis
4185:Miliaria crystalline
4126:Trichorrhexis nodosa
3395:cicatricial alopecia
3377:Alopecia neoplastica
3372:Trichorrhexis nodosa
3005:Yellow nail syndrome
2861:Cholestatic pruritus
2851:due to liver disease
2720:Molluscum dermatitis
2330:(23 December 2020).
2198:(4): 873–84, 887–8.
2044:. St. Louis: Mosby.
1369:Bluefarb SM (1984).
1049:Periungual/subungual
946:: with a wavy border
670:Pustule (hieroglyph)
391:Diseases of the skin
193:Integumentary system
99:integumentary system
5697:Congenital disorder
5638:Postpartum disorder
5569:Respiratory disease
5502:Hematologic disease
5328:Aphthous stomatitis
5265:Lichen planopilaris
5240:Androgenic alopecia
5046:Fixed drug eruption
4621:Pemphigus foliaceus
4521:Granular cell tumor
4284:Fox–Fordyce disease
4069:Pili pseudoannulati
4023:Lichen planopilaris
4000:Hair follicle nevus
3918:Tufted folliculitis
3701:Perioral dermatitis
3450:Triangular alopecia
3367:Lichen planopilaris
3346:Androgenic alopecia
3254:Splinter hemorrhage
3249:Shell nail syndrome
3094:Half and half nails
2917:Nummular dermatitis
2910:Fixed drug reaction
2727:Circumostomy eczema
2525:Prurigo gestationis
2164:10.1038/jid.1993.33
1950:10.1101/gad.1645908
1901:10.1038/nature05659
1893:2007Natur.445..834F
1794:. Wiley-Blackwell.
1083:Other related terms
430:Geronimo Mercuriali
377:panniculus carnosus
373:panniculus adiposus
363:Subcutaneous tissue
357:Subcutaneous tissue
329:with the overlying
257:squamous epithelium
215:pilosebaceous units
207:subcutaneous tissue
91:cutaneous condition
44:Cutaneous condition
5484:Metabolic disorder
5348:Pemphigus vulgaris
5177:Granuloma annulare
5041:Carcinoid syndrome
4926:Tuberous sclerosis
4885:Coccidioidomycosis
4759:Bullous pemphigoid
4754:Pemphigus vulgaris
4686:Secondary syphilis
4576:Contact dermatitis
4205:Occlusion miliaria
4195:Miliaria pustulosa
4085:Plica neuropathica
3785:Rosacea conglobata
3596:Acne medicamentosa
3415:Traumatic alopecia
3269:Subungual hematoma
2873:Prurigo pigmentosa
2832:Aquagenic pruritus
2624:Contact stomatitis
2563:Contact dermatitis
2421:. The Merck Manual
2074:. Elsevier Mosby.
2070:Rapini RP (2005).
1135:Horn (a cell type)
940:: resembling a net
904:: resembling drops
542:Vesicles and bulla
443:De morbis cutaneis
273:stratum granulosum
5710:
5709:
5556:Lymphatic disease
5474:Endocrine disease
5443:Parasitic disease
5395:
5394:
5391:
5390:
5235:Telogen effluvium
5199:
5198:
5195:
5194:
5156:
5155:
5152:
5151:
5097:
5096:
4949:
4948:
4817:Lichen spinulosus
4812:Keratosis pilaris
4691:Mycosis fungoides
4591:Stasis dermatitis
4581:Atopic dermatitis
4544:
4543:
4419:Trichoepithelioma
4394:Actinic keratosis
4314:
4313:
4310:
4309:
4190:Miliaria profunda
4150:
4149:
4142:Woolly hair nevus
4028:Lichen spinulosus
3868:Trichilemmal cyst
3841:
3840:
3760:Glandular rosacea
3713:Phymatous rosacea
3643:Occupational acne
3425:Hot comb alopecia
3410:Pressure alopecia
3387:Alopecia mucinosa
3362:Traction alopecia
3357:Telogen effluvium
2935:
2934:
2846:Adult blaschkitis
2783:Prurigo nodularis
2674:Eyelid dermatitis
2614:Airbag dermatitis
2517:Atopic dermatitis
2474:
2473:
2343:978-0-323-66148-5
2247:Callen J (2000).
2106:978-0-8493-3794-9
2051:978-1-4160-2999-1
2003:978-0-07-146690-5
1887:(7130): 834–842.
1733:978-0-7020-3941-6
1709:978-0-7817-7363-8
1665:(in Portuguese).
1624:(in Portuguese).
1504:(10): 1165–1168.
1405:Lynch PJ (1994).
1193:Hydropic swelling
838:phymatous rosacea
729:Secondary lesions
514:Papule and plaque
225:, and associated
97:that affects the
95:medical condition
83:
82:
30:Medical condition
16:(Redirected from
5730:
5600:Urologic disease
5422:
5415:
5408:
5399:
5398:
5333:Oral candidiasis
5210:
5209:
5108:
5107:
5036:Erythema nodosum
4980:
4979:
4969:
4968:
4962:
4961:
4906:Tinea versicolor
4744:Bullous impetigo
4681:Pityriasis rosea
4616:Lichen sclerosus
4601:Darier's disease
4566:
4565:
4555:
4554:
4511:Kaposi's sarcoma
4357:
4356:
4341:
4334:
4327:
4318:
4317:
4163:
4162:
4100:Setleis syndrome
4064:Pili multigemini
3800:Pyoderma faciale
3545:
3544:
3382:Anagen effluvium
3294:
3293:
3229:Pterygium unguis
3149:Muehrcke's lines
3036:Onychotillomania
2962:
2955:
2948:
2939:
2938:
2883:Puncta pruritica
2856:Biliary pruritus
2501:
2494:
2487:
2478:
2477:
2443:
2442:
2431:
2430:
2428:
2426:
2414:
2408:
2407:
2405:
2404:
2398:Basicmedical Key
2389:
2376:
2375:
2357:
2348:
2347:
2324:
2315:
2314:
2296:
2263:
2262:
2244:
2215:
2214:
2212:
2210:
2183:
2177:
2176:
2166:
2157:(1): 111S–115S.
2142:
2136:
2135:
2117:
2111:
2110:
2092:
2086:
2085:
2067:
2056:
2055:
2037:
2031:
2030:
2028:
2026:
2014:
2008:
2007:
1989:
1972:
1971:
1961:
1929:
1923:
1922:
1912:
1872:
1866:
1865:
1847:
1841:
1840:
1812:
1806:
1805:
1787:
1774:
1773:
1771:
1744:
1738:
1737:
1720:
1714:
1713:
1695:
1689:
1688:
1678:
1654:
1648:
1647:
1637:
1613:
1607:
1606:
1588:
1565:
1564:
1554:
1530:
1524:
1523:
1513:
1489:
1483:
1482:
1454:
1448:
1447:
1427:
1421:
1420:
1402:
1389:
1388:
1376:
1366:
1360:
1359:
1331:
1325:
1324:
1288:
1282:
1281:
1263:
1065:Photodistributed
1059:Blaschko's lines
779:papillary dermis
673:
666:
581:
567:
553:
539:
525:
511:
500:Macule and patch
497:
480:
445:
395:For a list, see
343:ground substance
323:reticular dermis
319:papillary dermis
297:Langerhans cells
277:stratum spinosum
251:Epidermis (skin)
89:, also known as
53:
33:
32:
21:
5738:
5737:
5733:
5732:
5731:
5729:
5728:
5727:
5713:
5712:
5711:
5706:
5688:
5655:
5642:
5619:
5591:
5573:
5560:
5542:
5519:
5515:Mental disorder
5506:
5493:
5489:Immune disorder
5465:
5447:
5429:
5426:
5396:
5387:
5319:
5312:
5279:
5245:Alopecia areata
5223:
5205:
5191:
5148:
5127:
5103:
5093:
5050:
5009:
4995:Viral exanthems
4973:
4957:
4955:
4945:
4916:Pityriasis alba
4894:
4836:
4778:
4715:
4635:
4631:Zinc deficiency
4561:
4559:
4540:
4468:
4459:
4423:
4414:Nevus sebaceous
4348:
4345:
4315:
4306:
4288:
4260:
4157:
4146:
4119:Trichorrhexis (
3953:
3894:
3863:Epidermoid cyst
3837:
3806:
3770:Steroid rosacea
3687:
3648:Acne aestivalis
3586:Excoriated acne
3562:Acne conglobata
3539:
3532:
3464:
3301:
3283:
3259:Spotted lunulae
3219:Psoriatic nails
3174:Onychomatricoma
2987:Onychogryphosis
2972:
2970:skin appendages
2966:
2936:
2931:
2922:Pityriasis alba
2892:
2888:Uremic pruritus
2878:Prurigo simplex
2827:Senile pruritus
2803:Pruritus vulvae
2798:Pruritus scroti
2769:
2756:
2737:Nummular eczema
2638:
2619:Baboon syndrome
2565:
2557:
2534:
2511:
2505:
2475:
2470:
2469:
2454:
2440:
2435:
2434:
2424:
2422:
2415:
2411:
2402:
2400:
2390:
2379:
2372:
2358:
2351:
2344:
2325:
2318:
2311:
2297:
2266:
2259:
2245:
2218:
2208:
2206:
2184:
2180:
2143:
2139:
2132:
2118:
2114:
2107:
2093:
2089:
2082:
2068:
2059:
2052:
2038:
2034:
2024:
2022:
2015:
2011:
2004:
1990:
1975:
1930:
1926:
1873:
1869:
1862:
1848:
1844:
1813:
1809:
1802:
1788:
1777:
1745:
1741:
1734:
1722:
1721:
1717:
1710:
1696:
1692:
1655:
1651:
1614:
1610:
1603:
1589:
1568:
1531:
1527:
1490:
1486:
1455:
1451:
1428:
1424:
1417:
1403:
1392:
1385:
1367:
1363:
1332:
1328:
1289:
1285:
1278:
1264:
1249:
1244:
1227:
1222:
1163:Hypergranulosis
1148:
1143:
1085:
1080:
975:
970:
958:: resembling a
846:
755:Lichenification
731:
674:
667:
660:
589:
588:
587:
586:
585:
582:
573:
572:
571:
568:
559:
558:
557:
554:
545:
544:
543:
540:
531:
530:
529:
526:
517:
516:
515:
512:
503:
502:
501:
498:
489:
488:
487:
481:
470:
468:Primary lesions
465:
456:
426:
420:
404:skin infections
400:
393:
365:
359:
351:apocrine glands
315:
309:
269:stratum lucidum
265:stratum corneum
253:
247:
223:sebaceous gland
195:
189:
140:), morphology (
31:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5736:
5726:
5725:
5708:
5707:
5705:
5704:
5699:
5693:
5690:
5689:
5687:
5686:
5681:
5676:
5671:
5666:
5660:
5657:
5656:
5654:
5653:
5647:
5644:
5643:
5641:
5640:
5635:
5630:
5624:
5621:
5620:
5618:
5617:
5612:
5610:Breast disease
5607:
5602:
5596:
5593:
5592:
5590:
5589:
5584:
5578:
5575:
5574:
5572:
5571:
5565:
5562:
5561:
5559:
5558:
5553:
5547:
5544:
5543:
5541:
5540:
5535:
5530:
5524:
5521:
5520:
5518:
5517:
5511:
5508:
5507:
5505:
5504:
5498:
5495:
5494:
5492:
5491:
5486:
5481:
5476:
5470:
5467:
5466:
5464:
5463:
5458:
5452:
5449:
5448:
5446:
5445:
5440:
5434:
5431:
5430:
5425:
5424:
5417:
5410:
5402:
5393:
5392:
5389:
5388:
5386:
5385:
5380:
5375:
5370:
5368:Coxsackievirus
5365:
5360:
5355:
5350:
5345:
5340:
5335:
5330:
5324:
5322:
5314:
5313:
5311:
5310:
5305:
5300:
5295:
5289:
5287:
5281:
5280:
5278:
5277:
5272:
5267:
5262:
5257:
5252:
5247:
5242:
5237:
5231:
5229:
5225:
5224:
5222:
5221:
5218:
5216:
5207:
5201:
5200:
5197:
5196:
5193:
5192:
5190:
5189:
5184:
5179:
5174:
5164:
5162:
5158:
5157:
5154:
5153:
5150:
5149:
5147:
5146:
5141:
5135:
5133:
5129:
5128:
5126:
5125:
5120:
5114:
5112:
5105:
5099:
5098:
5095:
5094:
5092:
5091:
5085:
5080:
5078:Gyratum repens
5075:
5070:
5064:
5058:
5056:
5052:
5051:
5049:
5048:
5043:
5038:
5033:
5028:
5023:
5017:
5015:
5011:
5010:
5008:
5007:
5002:
5000:Toxic erythema
4997:
4992:
4990:Drug eruptions
4986:
4984:
4977:
4966:
4959:
4951:
4950:
4947:
4946:
4944:
4943:
4938:
4933:
4928:
4923:
4918:
4913:
4908:
4902:
4900:
4896:
4895:
4893:
4892:
4887:
4882:
4877:
4872:
4867:
4862:
4857:
4852:
4846:
4844:
4838:
4837:
4835:
4834:
4829:
4827:Lichen nitidus
4824:
4819:
4814:
4809:
4804:
4799:
4794:
4788:
4786:
4780:
4779:
4777:
4776:
4771:
4766:
4761:
4756:
4751:
4746:
4741:
4736:
4731:
4729:Herpes simplex
4725:
4723:
4717:
4716:
4714:
4713:
4708:
4703:
4698:
4693:
4688:
4683:
4678:
4672:
4667:
4662:
4657:
4651:
4645:
4643:
4637:
4636:
4634:
4633:
4628:
4623:
4618:
4613:
4608:
4603:
4598:
4593:
4588:
4583:
4578:
4572:
4570:
4563:
4552:
4546:
4545:
4542:
4541:
4539:
4538:
4533:
4528:
4523:
4518:
4513:
4508:
4503:
4498:
4493:
4488:
4483:
4478:
4472:
4470:
4461:
4460:
4458:
4457:
4452:
4447:
4442:
4437:
4431:
4429:
4425:
4424:
4422:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4406:
4401:
4396:
4391:
4386:
4381:
4376:
4371:
4365:
4363:
4354:
4350:
4349:
4344:
4343:
4336:
4329:
4321:
4312:
4311:
4308:
4307:
4305:
4304:
4298:
4296:
4290:
4289:
4287:
4286:
4281:
4276:
4270:
4268:
4262:
4261:
4259:
4258:
4257:
4256:
4246:
4245:
4244:
4239:
4234:
4224:
4222:Ross' syndrome
4219:
4214:
4213:
4212:
4207:
4202:
4200:Miliaria rubra
4197:
4192:
4187:
4182:
4180:Colloid milium
4171:
4169:
4160:
4152:
4151:
4148:
4147:
4145:
4144:
4139:
4134:
4129:
4123:
4117:
4112:
4107:
4102:
4097:
4092:
4087:
4082:
4077:
4071:
4066:
4061:
4059:Pili bifurcati
4056:
4050:
4045:
4040:
4035:
4030:
4025:
4020:
4018:Koenen's tumor
4015:
4010:
4005:
4002:
3997:
3992:
3987:
3982:
3977:
3972:
3970:Acroosteolysis
3967:
3961:
3959:
3955:
3954:
3952:
3951:
3950:
3949:
3944:
3939:
3928:
3927:
3922:
3921:
3920:
3915:
3904:
3902:
3896:
3895:
3893:
3892:
3887:
3886:
3885:
3880:
3874:Steatocystoma
3872:
3871:
3870:
3865:
3857:Sebaceous cyst
3852:
3850:
3843:
3842:
3839:
3838:
3836:
3835:
3833:SAPHO syndrome
3830:
3825:
3820:
3814:
3812:
3808:
3807:
3805:
3804:
3803:
3802:
3797:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3775:Ocular rosacea
3772:
3767:
3762:
3757:
3752:
3750:Lupoid rosacea
3747:
3742:
3741:
3740:
3735:
3730:
3725:
3720:
3710:
3709:
3708:
3697:
3695:
3689:
3688:
3686:
3685:
3680:
3675:
3673:Acne necrotica
3670:
3665:
3660:
3658:Acne mechanica
3655:
3650:
3645:
3640:
3638:Acne cosmetica
3635:
3630:
3625:
3624:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3603:
3593:
3591:Acne fulminans
3588:
3583:
3577:Infantile acne
3574:
3569:
3564:
3559:
3553:
3551:
3542:
3534:
3533:
3531:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3519:
3518:
3513:
3508:
3500:
3499:
3498:
3493:
3488:
3480:
3474:
3472:
3470:Hypertrichosis
3466:
3465:
3463:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3443:
3442:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3420:Tumor alopecia
3417:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3390:
3389:
3384:
3379:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3342:
3341:
3340:
3339:
3334:
3329:
3324:
3307:
3305:
3291:
3285:
3284:
3282:
3281:
3276:
3271:
3266:
3261:
3256:
3251:
3246:
3241:
3236:
3231:
3226:
3221:
3216:
3214:Plummer's nail
3211:
3206:
3201:
3196:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3156:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3121:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3081:
3076:
3075:
3074:
3069:
3057:
3056:
3051:
3044:
3043:
3038:
3031:
3030:
3025:
3018:
3017:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2995:
2994:
2989:
2982:
2980:
2974:
2973:
2965:
2964:
2957:
2950:
2942:
2933:
2932:
2930:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2913:
2912:
2907:
2900:
2898:
2894:
2893:
2891:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2868:Prion pruritus
2865:
2864:
2863:
2858:
2848:
2842:
2841:
2840:
2839:
2829:
2824:
2823:
2822:
2811:
2810:
2808:Scalp pruritus
2805:
2800:
2795:
2786:
2785:
2775:
2773:
2758:
2757:
2755:
2754:
2752:Xerotic eczema
2749:
2744:
2739:
2734:
2729:
2724:
2723:
2722:
2717:
2712:
2698:
2697:
2696:
2691:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2660:
2659:
2654:
2648:
2646:
2640:
2639:
2637:
2636:
2631:
2626:
2621:
2616:
2611:
2606:
2597:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2577:
2575:
2559:
2558:
2556:
2555:
2550:
2544:
2542:
2536:
2535:
2533:
2532:
2527:
2521:
2519:
2513:
2512:
2504:
2503:
2496:
2489:
2481:
2472:
2471:
2468:
2467:
2455:
2450:
2449:
2447:
2446:Classification
2439:
2438:External links
2436:
2433:
2432:
2409:
2377:
2370:
2349:
2342:
2316:
2309:
2264:
2257:
2216:
2178:
2137:
2130:
2112:
2105:
2087:
2080:
2057:
2050:
2032:
2019:"Skin Anatomy"
2009:
2002:
1973:
1944:(8): 976–985.
1924:
1867:
1860:
1842:
1823:(7): 491–497.
1807:
1800:
1775:
1762:(4): S82–S83.
1739:
1732:
1715:
1708:
1690:
1669:(5): 507–513.
1649:
1628:(4): 391–395.
1608:
1601:
1566:
1525:
1484:
1465:(4): 373–395.
1449:
1422:
1415:
1390:
1383:
1361:
1348:10.1086/287343
1342:(3): 193–203.
1326:
1299:(4): 549–569.
1283:
1276:
1246:
1245:
1243:
1240:
1239:
1238:
1226:
1223:
1221:
1220:
1215:
1210:
1205:
1200:
1195:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1175:
1173:Papillomatosis
1170:
1165:
1160:
1155:
1153:Hyperkeratosis
1149:
1147:
1146:Histopathology
1144:
1142:
1141:
1136:
1133:
1127:
1122:
1117:
1112:
1106:
1100:
1095:
1090:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1078:
1068:
1062:
1052:
1046:
1040:
1034:
1023:
1019:Intertriginous
1015:
1009:
1003:
997:
991:
974:
971:
969:
968:
962:
953:
947:
941:
931:
925:
920:
911:
905:
899:
893:
883:
877:
867:
857:
850:
845:
842:
841:
840:
825:
819:
811:
804:
798:
790:
782:
768:
758:
752:
742:
730:
727:
726:
725:
719:
715:Telangiectasia
711:
703:
689:
681:
656:
655:
645:
635:
626:
618:
610:
602:
596:
583:
576:
575:
574:
569:
562:
561:
560:
555:
548:
547:
546:
541:
534:
533:
532:
527:
520:
519:
518:
513:
506:
505:
504:
499:
492:
491:
490:
482:
475:
474:
473:
472:
471:
469:
466:
464:
461:
455:
452:
419:
416:
408:skin neoplasms
392:
389:
361:Main article:
358:
355:
339:elastic fibers
327:interdigitates
311:Main article:
308:
305:
281:stratum basale
249:Main article:
246:
243:
191:Main article:
188:
185:
148:), and so on.
113:, and related
87:skin condition
81:
80:
76:
72:
71:
66:
60:
59:
55:
54:
46:
45:
42:
38:
37:
36:Skin condition
29:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5735:
5724:
5721:
5720:
5718:
5703:
5702:Fetal disease
5700:
5698:
5695:
5694:
5691:
5685:
5682:
5680:
5677:
5675:
5672:
5670:
5667:
5665:
5662:
5661:
5658:
5652:
5649:
5648:
5645:
5639:
5636:
5634:
5631:
5629:
5626:
5625:
5622:
5616:
5613:
5611:
5608:
5606:
5603:
5601:
5598:
5597:
5594:
5588:
5585:
5583:
5580:
5579:
5576:
5570:
5567:
5566:
5563:
5557:
5554:
5552:
5549:
5548:
5545:
5539:
5536:
5534:
5531:
5529:
5526:
5525:
5522:
5516:
5513:
5512:
5509:
5503:
5500:
5499:
5496:
5490:
5487:
5485:
5482:
5480:
5477:
5475:
5472:
5471:
5468:
5462:
5459:
5457:
5454:
5453:
5450:
5444:
5441:
5439:
5436:
5435:
5432:
5423:
5418:
5416:
5411:
5409:
5404:
5403:
5400:
5384:
5381:
5379:
5376:
5374:
5371:
5369:
5366:
5364:
5361:
5359:
5356:
5354:
5351:
5349:
5346:
5344:
5341:
5339:
5338:Lichen planus
5336:
5334:
5331:
5329:
5326:
5325:
5323:
5321:
5315:
5309:
5306:
5304:
5301:
5299:
5296:
5294:
5293:Onychomycosis
5291:
5290:
5288:
5286:
5282:
5276:
5273:
5271:
5268:
5266:
5263:
5261:
5258:
5256:
5255:Tinea capitis
5253:
5251:
5248:
5246:
5243:
5241:
5238:
5236:
5233:
5232:
5230:
5226:
5220:
5219:
5217:
5215:
5211:
5208:
5204:Miscellaneous
5202:
5188:
5185:
5183:
5180:
5178:
5175:
5173:
5169:
5166:
5165:
5163:
5159:
5145:
5142:
5140:
5137:
5136:
5134:
5130:
5124:
5121:
5119:
5116:
5115:
5113:
5109:
5106:
5102:Nonblanchable
5100:
5089:
5086:
5084:
5081:
5079:
5076:
5074:
5071:
5069:
5065:
5063:
5060:
5059:
5057:
5053:
5047:
5044:
5042:
5039:
5037:
5034:
5032:
5029:
5027:
5024:
5022:
5019:
5018:
5016:
5012:
5006:
5003:
5001:
4998:
4996:
4993:
4991:
4988:
4987:
4985:
4981:
4978:
4976:
4970:
4967:
4963:
4960:
4952:
4942:
4939:
4937:
4934:
4932:
4929:
4927:
4924:
4922:
4919:
4917:
4914:
4912:
4909:
4907:
4904:
4903:
4901:
4899:Hypopigmented
4897:
4891:
4888:
4886:
4883:
4881:
4878:
4876:
4873:
4871:
4868:
4866:
4863:
4861:
4858:
4856:
4853:
4851:
4850:Acne vulgaris
4848:
4847:
4845:
4843:
4839:
4833:
4830:
4828:
4825:
4823:
4820:
4818:
4815:
4813:
4810:
4808:
4805:
4803:
4802:Lichen planus
4800:
4798:
4795:
4793:
4790:
4789:
4787:
4785:
4781:
4775:
4772:
4770:
4767:
4765:
4762:
4760:
4757:
4755:
4752:
4750:
4747:
4745:
4742:
4740:
4737:
4735:
4734:Herpes zoster
4732:
4730:
4727:
4726:
4724:
4722:
4718:
4712:
4709:
4707:
4706:Parapsoriasis
4704:
4702:
4699:
4697:
4694:
4692:
4689:
4687:
4684:
4682:
4679:
4676:
4673:
4671:
4668:
4666:
4663:
4661:
4658:
4656:
4652:
4650:
4647:
4646:
4644:
4642:
4638:
4632:
4629:
4627:
4624:
4622:
4619:
4617:
4614:
4612:
4609:
4607:
4604:
4602:
4599:
4597:
4594:
4592:
4589:
4587:
4584:
4582:
4579:
4577:
4574:
4573:
4571:
4567:
4564:
4556:
4553:
4551:
4547:
4537:
4534:
4532:
4529:
4527:
4524:
4522:
4519:
4517:
4514:
4512:
4509:
4507:
4504:
4502:
4499:
4497:
4494:
4492:
4489:
4487:
4484:
4482:
4479:
4477:
4474:
4473:
4471:
4466:
4462:
4456:
4453:
4451:
4448:
4446:
4443:
4441:
4438:
4436:
4433:
4432:
4430:
4426:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4382:
4380:
4377:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4367:
4366:
4364:
4362:
4358:
4355:
4351:
4342:
4337:
4335:
4330:
4328:
4323:
4322:
4319:
4303:
4300:
4299:
4297:
4295:
4291:
4285:
4282:
4280:
4279:Chromhidrosis
4277:
4275:
4272:
4271:
4269:
4267:
4263:
4255:
4252:
4251:
4250:
4247:
4243:
4240:
4238:
4235:
4233:
4230:
4229:
4228:
4227:Hyperhidrosis
4225:
4223:
4220:
4218:
4215:
4211:
4208:
4206:
4203:
4201:
4198:
4196:
4193:
4191:
4188:
4186:
4183:
4181:
4178:
4177:
4176:
4173:
4172:
4170:
4168:
4164:
4161:
4159:
4153:
4143:
4140:
4138:
4135:
4133:
4130:
4127:
4124:
4122:
4118:
4116:
4113:
4111:
4108:
4106:
4103:
4101:
4098:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4075:
4072:
4070:
4067:
4065:
4062:
4060:
4057:
4055:
4054:Pili annulati
4051:
4049:
4046:
4044:
4041:
4039:
4036:
4034:
4031:
4029:
4026:
4024:
4021:
4019:
4016:
4014:
4011:
4009:
4006:
4003:
4001:
3998:
3996:
3993:
3991:
3988:
3986:
3983:
3981:
3978:
3976:
3973:
3971:
3968:
3966:
3963:
3962:
3960:
3956:
3948:
3945:
3943:
3940:
3938:
3935:
3934:
3933:
3930:
3929:
3926:
3923:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3910:
3909:
3906:
3905:
3903:
3901:
3897:
3891:
3888:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3876:
3875:
3873:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3861:
3860:
3858:
3854:
3853:
3851:
3849:
3844:
3834:
3831:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3816:
3815:
3813:
3809:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3792:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3768:
3766:
3763:
3761:
3758:
3756:
3753:
3751:
3748:
3746:
3743:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3723:Blepharophyma
3721:
3719:
3716:
3715:
3714:
3711:
3707:
3704:
3703:
3702:
3699:
3698:
3696:
3694:
3690:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3659:
3656:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3646:
3644:
3641:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3631:
3629:
3626:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3609:
3608:
3607:
3604:
3601:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3581:Neonatal acne
3578:
3575:
3573:
3572:Tropical acne
3570:
3568:
3565:
3563:
3560:
3558:
3557:Acne vulgaris
3555:
3554:
3552:
3550:
3546:
3543:
3541:
3535:
3529:
3526:
3524:
3521:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3503:
3501:
3497:
3494:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3483:
3481:
3479:
3476:
3475:
3473:
3471:
3467:
3461:
3458:
3456:
3453:
3451:
3448:
3445:
3444:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3396:
3392:
3391:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3352:Hypotrichosis
3350:
3347:
3344:
3343:
3338:
3335:
3333:
3330:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3319:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3309:
3308:
3306:
3304:
3299:
3295:
3292:
3290:
3286:
3280:
3277:
3275:
3274:Terry's nails
3272:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3262:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3237:
3235:
3232:
3230:
3227:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3202:
3200:
3199:Onychoschizia
3197:
3195:
3194:Onychorrhexis
3192:
3190:
3187:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3179:Onychomycosis
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3169:Onychomadesis
3167:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3159:Onychoatrophy
3157:
3155:
3152:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3064:
3063:
3059:
3058:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3046:
3045:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3033:
3032:
3029:
3028:Nail clubbing
3026:
3024:
3020:
3019:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2997:
2996:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2984:
2983:
2981:
2979:
2975:
2971:
2968:Disorders of
2963:
2958:
2956:
2951:
2949:
2944:
2943:
2940:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2914:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2902:
2901:
2899:
2895:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2854:
2853:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2843:
2838:
2835:
2834:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2821:
2818:
2817:
2816:
2813:
2812:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2788:
2787:
2784:
2780:
2777:
2776:
2774:
2772:
2767:
2763:
2759:
2753:
2750:
2748:
2745:
2743:
2740:
2738:
2735:
2733:
2730:
2728:
2725:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2715:Dermatophytid
2713:
2711:
2708:
2707:
2706:
2702:
2699:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2686:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2664:Breast eczema
2662:
2661:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2649:
2647:
2645:
2641:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2629:Metal allergy
2627:
2625:
2622:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2602:
2599:
2598:
2595:
2594:Tulip fingers
2592:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2579:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2569:
2564:
2560:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2546:
2545:
2543:
2541:
2537:
2531:
2530:Sweat allergy
2528:
2526:
2523:
2522:
2520:
2518:
2514:
2509:
2502:
2497:
2495:
2490:
2488:
2483:
2482:
2479:
2466:
2462:
2461:
2457:
2456:
2453:
2448:
2444:
2420:
2413:
2399:
2395:
2388:
2386:
2384:
2382:
2373:
2371:0-7216-0187-1
2367:
2363:
2356:
2354:
2345:
2339:
2335:
2334:
2329:
2323:
2321:
2312:
2310:0-7216-2921-0
2306:
2302:
2295:
2293:
2291:
2289:
2287:
2285:
2283:
2281:
2279:
2277:
2275:
2273:
2271:
2269:
2260:
2258:0-7216-8256-1
2254:
2250:
2243:
2241:
2239:
2237:
2235:
2233:
2231:
2229:
2227:
2225:
2223:
2221:
2205:
2201:
2197:
2193:
2189:
2182:
2174:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2156:
2152:
2148:
2141:
2133:
2131:0-19-505612-4
2127:
2123:
2116:
2108:
2102:
2098:
2091:
2083:
2081:0-323-01198-5
2077:
2073:
2066:
2064:
2062:
2053:
2047:
2043:
2036:
2020:
2013:
2005:
1999:
1995:
1988:
1986:
1984:
1982:
1980:
1978:
1969:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1943:
1939:
1935:
1928:
1920:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1902:
1898:
1894:
1890:
1886:
1882:
1878:
1871:
1863:
1861:0-19-261253-0
1857:
1853:
1846:
1838:
1834:
1830:
1826:
1822:
1818:
1811:
1803:
1801:1-4051-3130-6
1797:
1793:
1786:
1784:
1782:
1780:
1770:
1765:
1761:
1757:
1753:
1749:
1743:
1735:
1729:
1725:
1719:
1711:
1705:
1701:
1694:
1686:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1668:
1664:
1660:
1653:
1645:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1627:
1623:
1619:
1612:
1604:
1602:0-07-144019-4
1598:
1594:
1587:
1585:
1583:
1581:
1579:
1577:
1575:
1573:
1571:
1562:
1558:
1553:
1548:
1544:
1540:
1536:
1529:
1521:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1495:
1488:
1480:
1476:
1472:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1453:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1434:(in French).
1433:
1426:
1418:
1416:0-683-05252-7
1412:
1408:
1401:
1399:
1397:
1395:
1386:
1384:0-89501-004-6
1380:
1377:. Upjohn Co.
1375:
1374:
1365:
1357:
1353:
1349:
1345:
1341:
1337:
1330:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1287:
1279:
1277:1-4160-3185-5
1273:
1269:
1262:
1260:
1258:
1256:
1254:
1252:
1247:
1236:
1232:
1229:
1228:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1203:Vacuolization
1201:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1158:Parakeratosis
1156:
1154:
1151:
1150:
1140:
1137:
1134:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1110:
1107:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1096:
1094:
1091:
1088:
1087:
1076:
1072:
1069:
1066:
1063:
1060:
1056:
1053:
1050:
1047:
1044:
1043:Periorificial
1041:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1030:: resembling
1029:
1028:
1024:
1021:
1020:
1016:
1013:
1010:
1007:
1004:
1001:
998:
996:
993:
992:
990:
988:
987:herpes zoster
984:
980:
966:
963:
961:
957:
954:
952:: star-shaped
951:
948:
945:
942:
939:
935:
932:
929:
926:
924:
921:
919:
916:: resembling
915:
912:
909:
906:
903:
900:
897:
894:
891:
887:
884:
881:
878:
875:
871:
868:
866:: ring-shaped
865:
861:
858:
856:: in clusters
855:
852:
851:
849:
844:Configuration
839:
835:
831:
830:
826:
823:
820:
817:
816:
812:
808:
805:
802:
799:
796:
795:
791:
788:
787:
783:
780:
776:
772:
769:
766:
762:
759:
756:
753:
750:
746:
743:
740:
736:
733:
732:
723:
720:
717:
716:
712:
709:
708:
704:
701:
697:
693:
690:
687:
686:
682:
679:
676:
675:
671:
664:
658:
653:
649:
646:
643:
639:
636:
633:
631:
627:
624:
623:
619:
616:
615:
611:
608:
607:
603:
600:
597:
594:
591:
590:
580:
566:
552:
538:
524:
510:
496:
485:
479:
460:
451:
449:
444:
439:
435:
431:
425:
415:
413:
409:
405:
398:
388:
386:
382:
378:
374:
370:
364:
354:
352:
348:
344:
340:
336:
332:
328:
324:
320:
314:
304:
302:
298:
294:
290:
289:keratinocytes
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
262:
259:with several
258:
252:
242:
240:
236:
232:
231:In the embryo
228:
227:arrector pili
224:
220:
219:hair follicle
216:
212:
211:glabrous skin
208:
204:
200:
194:
184:
182:
178:
175:which yields
174:
170:
166:
162:
158:
154:
149:
147:
143:
139:
135:
131:
130:racquet nails
127:
122:
120:
116:
112:
108:
104:
100:
96:
92:
88:
77:
73:
70:
67:
65:
61:
56:
52:
47:
43:
39:
34:
19:
5684:Chondropathy
5679:Bone disease
5651:Skin disease
5479:Malnutrition
5456:Benign tumor
5308:Ingrown nail
4880:Dermatophyte
4875:Gonococcemia
4860:Folliculitis
4501:Neurofibroma
4469:subcutaneous
4249:Hypohidrosis
4242:Palmoplantar
4110:Trichomegaly
4013:Kinking hair
3932:Hidradenitis
3908:Folliculitis
3900:Inflammation
3789:
3606:Halogen acne
3600:steroid acne
3446:
3393:
3310:
3239:Racquet nail
3209:Pincer nails
3184:Onychophosis
3144:Melanonychia
3114:Ingrown nail
3104:Hapalonychia
3079:Chevron nail
3049:Ingrown nail
3041:Onychophagia
3015:Azure lunula
3000:Beau's lines
2850:
2793:Pruritus ani
2790:by location:
2789:
2600:
2580:
2458:
2423:. Retrieved
2412:
2401:. Retrieved
2397:
2361:
2332:
2300:
2248:
2207:. Retrieved
2195:
2191:
2181:
2154:
2150:
2140:
2121:
2115:
2096:
2090:
2071:
2041:
2035:
2023:. Retrieved
2012:
1993:
1941:
1937:
1927:
1884:
1880:
1870:
1851:
1845:
1820:
1816:
1810:
1791:
1759:
1755:
1742:
1723:
1718:
1699:
1693:
1666:
1662:
1652:
1625:
1621:
1611:
1592:
1545:(2): 78–84.
1542:
1538:
1528:
1501:
1497:
1487:
1462:
1458:
1452:
1435:
1431:
1425:
1406:
1372:
1364:
1339:
1335:
1329:
1296:
1292:
1286:
1270:. Saunders.
1267:
1183:Acantholysis
1178:Dyskeratosis
1139:Poikiloderma
1074:
1070:
1064:
1054:
1048:
1042:
1037:Palmoplantar
1036:
1027:Morbilliform
1025:
1017:
1011:
1005:
999:
994:
976:
973:Distribution
964:
955:
949:
943:
937:
933:
927:
922:
913:
907:
901:
895:
889:
885:
879:
876:: arc-shaped
873:
869:
863:
859:
853:
847:
827:
822:Umbilication
821:
813:
806:
800:
792:
784:
770:
760:
754:
744:
734:
721:
713:
705:
691:
683:
677:
657:
647:
637:
628:
620:
612:
604:
598:
592:
457:
440:, completed
427:
401:
366:
316:
301:Merkel cells
254:
196:
150:
126:melanonychia
123:
103:organ system
90:
86:
84:
18:Skin disease
5538:Ear disease
5533:Eye disease
5363:Herpesvirus
5343:Leukoplakia
5168:Scleroderma
5055:Specialized
4983:Generalized
4958:involvement
4870:Candidiasis
4562:involvement
4536:Myxoid cyst
4384:Acrochordon
4232:Generalized
4043:Monilethrix
3846:Follicular
3728:Gnathophyma
3668:Pomade acne
3523:Prepubertal
3506:generalised
3502:Congenital
3491:generalised
3332:universalis
3244:Red lunulae
3204:Platonychia
3164:Onycholysis
3139:Mees' lines
3089:Green nails
3060:ungrouped:
3023:Koilonychia
3010:Leukonychia
2985:thickness:
2705:Id reaction
2689:Dyshidrosis
2684:Hand eczema
2609:Diaper rash
2042:Dermatology
1438:(1): 9–26.
1407:Dermatology
1373:Dermatology
1218:Lentiginous
1071:Zosteriform
1061:in the skin
995:Generalized
983:chicken pox
967:: wart-like
944:Serpiginous
938:reticulated
928:Mammillated
914:Herpetiform
771:Excoriation
448:dermatology
412:skin cancer
410:(including
331:rete ridges
293:melanocytes
173:skin biopsy
134:nosological
69:Dermatology
41:Other names
5303:Paronychia
5144:Vasculitis
5068:Multiforme
5066:Erythema (
5021:Cellulitis
4972:Blanchable
4721:Blistering
4711:Ichthyosis
4569:Eczematous
4481:Hemangioma
4254:Anhidrosis
4074:Pili torti
3995:Hair casts
3718:Rhinophyma
3616:Bromoderma
3447:ungrouped:
3062:Paronychia
3034:behavior:
2992:Onychauxis
2905:Bromoderma
2669:Ear eczema
2553:Cradle cap
2510:and eczema
2508:Dermatitis
2403:2019-07-01
2021:. Medscape
1748:Alfageme F
1242:References
1213:Ulceration
1198:Exocytosis
1188:Spongiosis
1168:Acanthosis
1109:Evanescent
1089:Collarette
1075:dermatomal
1055:Blaschkoid
815:Maceration
801:Induration
696:evanescent
422:See also:
181:ultrasound
177:histologic
144:), cause (
5438:Infection
5298:Psoriasis
5206:disorders
5161:Indurated
5062:Urticaria
5014:Localized
4956:epidermal
4739:Varicella
4649:Psoriasis
4560:epidermal
4526:Leiomyoma
4428:Pigmented
4361:Epidermal
4294:Sebaceous
4274:Body odor
4237:Gustatory
3958:Ungrouped
3883:multiplex
3811:Ungrouped
3733:Metophyma
3678:Blackhead
3621:Chloracne
3611:Iododerma
3538:Acneiform
3511:localised
3496:patterned
3486:localised
3482:Acquired
3478:Hirsutism
3298:Hair loss
3109:Hook nail
3054:Anonychia
2837:Aquadynia
1356:120875348
1293:Apoptosis
1235:epidermis
1132:(redness)
1115:Granuloma
1098:Confluent
1000:Symmetric
956:Targetoid
934:Reticular
864:circinate
765:epidermis
700:injection
454:Diagnoses
428:In 1572,
381:adipocyte
285:diffusion
245:Epidermis
199:epidermis
93:, is any
64:Specialty
5717:Category
5373:Syphilis
5320:membrane
4975:Erythema
4911:Vitiligo
4865:Impetigo
4842:Pustular
4807:Miliaria
4655:Corporis
4506:Xanthoma
4455:Melanoma
4435:Freckles
4266:Apocrine
4175:Miliaria
4090:Poliosis
3790:variants
3738:Otophyma
3633:Tar acne
3628:Oil acne
3540:eruption
3516:X-linked
3337:Ophiasis
3317:Alopecia
3303:Baldness
3099:Hangnail
2762:Pruritus
2710:Candidid
2572:irritant
2568:allergic
2328:Elsevier
1968:18413712
1919:17314969
1837:10441606
1685:20098854
1644:19851671
1321:13058619
1313:19221876
1225:See also
1130:Erythema
1012:Extensor
1006:Flexural
960:bullseye
950:Stellate
896:Figurate
890:nummular
880:Digitate
870:Arciform
854:Agminate
834:tubercle
775:abrasion
747:: Dried
335:collagen
321:and the
239:mesoderm
235:ectoderm
229:muscle.
169:vesicles
153:pruritus
5172:morphea
5132:Papular
5111:Macular
5104:Purpura
5088:Ab igne
5073:Migrans
5026:Abscess
4954:Without
4936:Leprosy
4855:Rosacea
4792:Scabies
4784:Papular
4653:Tinea (
4641:Scaling
4445:Melasma
4440:Lentigo
4353:Growths
4167:Eccrine
3878:simplex
3693:Rosacea
3598:(e.g.,
3327:totalis
3072:Chronic
3047:other:
3021:shape:
2998:color:
2771:Prurigo
2581:plants:
2465:D012871
2204:9767724
2173:8423379
1959:2732395
1910:2405926
1889:Bibcode
1561:7769599
1552:1295100
1511:1879511
1479:7026622
1444:2653160
1208:Erosion
1125:Purpura
1032:measles
902:Guttate
886:Discoid
874:arcuate
860:Annular
807:Atrophy
794:Fissure
761:Erosion
739:keratin
678:Pustule
652:blister
642:blister
638:Vesicle
528:Nodules
484:Chigger
463:Lesions
418:History
385:lobular
347:eccrine
217:have a
165:papules
161:macules
157:annular
5461:Cancer
5318:Mucous
5214:Ulcers
4675:Faciei
4670:Manuum
4660:Cruris
4550:Rashes
4496:Lipoma
4491:Keloid
4465:Dermal
4374:Callus
4158:glands
4052:Pili (
3322:areata
2644:Eczema
2601:other:
2425:3 June
2368:
2340:
2307:
2255:
2209:3 June
2202:
2171:
2128:
2103:
2078:
2048:
2025:3 June
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1881:Nature
1858:
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1413:
1381:
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1319:
1311:
1274:
1120:Livedo
1103:Eczema
1093:Comedo
923:Linear
918:herpes
908:Gyrate
722:Burrow
622:Nodule
614:Plaque
606:Papule
593:Macule
369:fascia
341:, and
313:Dermis
307:Dermis
299:, and
279:, and
263:: the
261:strata
205:, and
203:dermis
119:glands
115:muscle
75:Causes
4665:Pedis
4450:Nevus
4156:Sweat
3890:Milia
3848:cysts
3067:Acute
2897:Other
1352:S2CID
1317:S2CID
1231:Wound
985:) as
829:Phyma
810:skin.
786:Ulcer
749:sebum
745:Crust
735:Scale
707:Welts
692:Wheal
648:Bulla
630:Tumor
599:Patch
438:Italy
434:Forlì
111:nails
101:—the
5285:Nail
5228:Hair
5031:Boil
4558:With
4369:Wart
3549:Acne
3289:Hair
2978:Nail
2766:Itch
2460:MeSH
2427:2013
2366:ISBN
2338:ISBN
2305:ISBN
2253:ISBN
2211:2013
2200:PMID
2169:PMID
2126:ISBN
2101:ISBN
2076:ISBN
2046:ISBN
2027:2013
1998:ISBN
1964:PMID
1915:PMID
1856:ISBN
1833:PMID
1796:ISBN
1728:ISBN
1704:ISBN
1681:PMID
1640:PMID
1597:ISBN
1557:PMID
1516:PMID
1475:PMID
1440:PMID
1411:ISBN
1379:ISBN
1309:PMID
1272:ISBN
832:: A
685:Cyst
663:Boil
406:and
349:and
128:and
117:and
107:skin
4965:Red
4467:and
2159:doi
2155:100
1954:PMC
1946:doi
1905:PMC
1897:doi
1885:445
1825:doi
1821:341
1764:doi
1671:doi
1630:doi
1547:PMC
1506:PMC
1502:116
1467:doi
1436:116
1344:doi
1301:doi
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