336:) must exercise it in accordance with the values of kaitiakitanga – to act unselfishly, with right mind and heart, and with proper Mana and kaitiakitanga go together as right and responsibility, and that kaitiakitanga responsibility can be understood not only as a cultural principle but as a system of law”. The Tribunal also provide a working definition of a ‘taonga-derived work’ as being that:
340:"A taonga-derived work is a work that derives its inspiration from mātauranga Māori or a taonga work, but does not relate to or invoke ancestral connections, nor contain or reflect traditional narratives or stories, in any direct way. A taonga-derived work is identifiably Māori in nature or contains identifiably Māori elements, but has neither mauri nor living kaitiaki in accordance with
315:
health, education, science, intellectual property, indigenous flora and fauna, resource management, conservation, the Māori language, arts and culture, heritage, and the involvement of Māori in the development of New
Zealand’s positions on international instruments affecting indigenous rights." The First Chapter of volume 1 (of the full 2 volume report) considers the relationship between
332:
obligation, arising from the kin relationship, to nurture or care for a person or thing it has a spiritual aspect, encompassing not only an obligation to care for and nurture not only physical well-being but also mauri." Kaitiaki obligations are described by the
Tribunal as being that, “those who have mana (or, to use treaty terminology,
323:"A taonga work is a work, whether or not it has been fixed, that is in its entirety an expression of mātauranga Māori; it will relate to or invoke ancestral connections, and contain or reflect traditional narratives or stories. A taonga work will possess mauri and have living kaitiaki in accordance with
314:
On 2 July 2011 the
Tribunal released its report into the Wai 262 claim: "Ko Aotearoa Tēnei" (‘This is Aotearoa’ or ‘This is New Zealand’). "Ko Aotearoa Tēnei" considers more than 20 Government departments and agencies and makes recommendations as to reforms of "laws, policies or practices relating to
109:
has major political, economic and social consequences in New
Zealand and has been the subject of fierce debates as the varying definitions and interpretations have implications for policies regarding such things as intellectual property, genetic engineering and allocation of radio frequency spectrum.
331:
These working definitions involve concepts which are described by the
Tribunal as being: Mauri is having a living essence or spirit. Kaitiaki can be spiritual guardians that exist in non-human form; kaitiaki obligations also exist in the human realm. The related concept is that "Kaitiakitanga is the
257:
was breached by the Crown proceeding to introduce legislation related to Māori language before the delivery of the
Tribunal's "Report on the Te Reo Maori Claim", and as a consequence, the Māori people would be denied their claims for radio frequencies and a television channel. In June 1990 claim Wai
244:
In June 1985 a claim was lodged asking that the Māori language receive official recognition. It was proposed that the language be official for all purposes enabling its use as of right in
Parliament, the Courts, Government Departments, local authorities and public bodies.
162:
Section 6(e) of the
Resource Management Act 1991 mandates decision-makers to "recognise and provide for the relationship of Māori and their culture and traditions with their ancestral lands, water, sites, wāhi tapu , and other taonga" as a matter of national importance.
283:
In
November 1996, various members of Te Roroa filed a claim with the Waitangi Tribunal concerning the Maunganui block, the Waipoua Forest, Lake Taharoa and surroundings, and the Waimamaku Valley in Northland. A part of the Wai 38 claim related to
348:
The
Tribunal considered which principles applied to whether consent to its use, rather than mere consultation, was necessary where the work was a taonga work, or where the knowledge or information was mātauranga Māori.
275:. The Waitangi Tribunal amalgamated the Wai 26 with the Wai 150 claim, with the final report of the Tribunal recommending that the Crown suspend the radio frequency tender process and proceed to negotiate with the iwi.
270:
over the allocation of radio frequencies; the claim being that in the absence of an agreement with the Māori, the sale of frequency management licences under the Radiocommunications Act 1989 would be in breach of the
118:
Fundamental to taonga are the relationships they exist in, including the people that made or cared for them, the communities they came from, and the ways they are connected to specific aspects of Maori culture.
679:
668:
Ko te Kuini o Ingarani ka wakarite ka wakaae ki nga Rangitira ki nga hapu – ki nga tangata katoa o Nu Tirani te tino rangatiratanga o o ratou wenua o ratou kainga me o ratou taonga katoa
59:
as "property procured by the spear" and is now interpreted to mean a wide range of both tangible and intangible possessions, especially items of historical cultural significance.
844:"Mātauranga Māori and Taonga. The Nature and Extent of Treaty Rights Held by Iwi and Hapū in Indigenous Flora and Fauna Cultural Heritage Objects and valued Traditional Knowledge"
147:). The English-language version of the treaty guaranteed the Māori signatories "full exclusive and undisturbed possession of their Lands and Estates Forests Fisheries and
288:, in particular: wahi tapu "spiritual places of special significance to tangata whenua", and wakatupapaku (burial chests deposited in ana (caves and crevices)).
721:
538:
924:
887:
401:
361:
is often used in the Māori names of institutions and organisations that manage historical collections. Many New Zealand museums contain the term
817:
733:
489:
769:
843:
793:
691:
307:
or Māori knowledge in respect of indigenous flora and fauna. The claimants commissioned a report from Professor D. Williams on
949:
155:
version of the treaty, which the vast majority of the signing parties endorsed (461 of 500 signatures), used the word
413:
308:
638:
586:
512:
319:
works and intellectual property. The Tribunal provides a working definition of a ‘taonga work’ as being that:
40:
663:
389:
263:
86:
of rivers or streams. Intangible examples may include language and spiritual beliefs. The concept of
954:
425:
771:
Report of the Waitangi Tribunal on Claims Concerning the Allocation of Radio Frequencies (Wai 26)
609:
701:
311:, ethnobotany and international and New Zealand law on intellectual property and conservation.
91:
67:
304:
79:
865:
563:
291:
The Tribunal report delivered on 3 April 1992 found that the Crown had allowed Te Roroa's
8:
734:
Report of the Waitangi Tribunal on Claims Concerning the Allocation of Radio Frequencies
78:, natural resources such as geothermal springs and access to natural resources, such as
539:"A new Log 'o Wood: Ranfurly Shield undergoes major restoration as old wood is retired"
379:
272:
254:
136:
52:
20:
696:
437:
229:
185:
152:
140:
44:
341:
324:
181:
48:
95:
462:
450:
333:
267:
259:
303:
The Wai 262 claim in the Waitangi Tribunal is a claim of rights in respect of
55:
significant. The current definition differs from the historical one, noted by
943:
83:
71:
217:
132:
818:"The Te Roroa Report 1992 (Wai 38) Chapter 6, Taonga (Sacred Treasures)"
253:
In June 1986, the Waitangi Tribunal received the Wai 26 claim that the
56:
200:
172:
75:
51:. It lacks a direct translation into English, making its use in the
745:
625:
Taonga Maori and the evolution of the representation of the other
213:
208:) is a carving of a bird made in serpentine stone. Some Māori of
63:
795:
Radio Spectrum Management and Development Final Report (Wai 776)
209:
193:
747:
The Maori Broadcasting Claim: A Pakeha Economist's Perspective
122:
135:
because of the use of the word in the second article of the
212:
allegiance believe that it was brought to the country from
365:("treasure house") in the name. Here are some examples:
16:
Treasured possession in the Māori culture of New Zealand
680:
Resource Management Act 1991 at www.legislation.govt.nz
866:"Time to Move beyond Grievance in Treaty Relationship"
298:
278:
192:(literally "The rainbow") represents the tribal god
159:
to translate the English phrase "other properties".
490:"Ngawha Geothermal Resource Report 1993 (Wai 304)"
941:
47:word that refers to a treasured possession in
627:. Wellington: Department of Internal Affairs.
613:, 11 December 2002. Accessed 12 January 2008.
131:has potential constitutional significance in
513:"Ranfurly Shield: Give it to the Heartland"
223:
123:Treaty of Waitangi and te Tiriti o Waitangi
923:"Key Concepts, Vol. 1, Introduction 5.2".
228:A number of claims have been made to the
102:amongst the New Zealand rugby community.
918:
916:
914:
912:
910:
908:
841:
622:
880:
835:
942:
584:
510:
94:and non-Māori items; for example, the
905:
810:
536:
266:. The claim was in respect of their
248:
684:
431:Ngā Kaitiaki O Ngā Taonga Whitiāhua
62:Tangible examples are all sorts of
19:For the New Zealand TV series, see
13:
858:
645:. Ministry of Culture and Heritage
587:"Lego Site Irks Maori Sympathizer"
482:
299:Māori knowledge of flora and fauna
14:
966:
414:New Zealand Historic Places Trust
402:Ministry for Culture and Heritage
279:Spiritual places and burial sites
239:
585:Griggs, Kim (21 November 2002).
309:traditional ecological knowledge
232:, relating to the protection of
113:
90:can also transcend into general
932:. Waitangi Tribunal. July 2011.
786:
762:
738:
727:
715:
673:
511:Julian, Adam (5 October 2023).
352:
893:. Waitangi Tribunal. July 2011
657:
631:
623:Kaeppler, Adrienne L. (1990).
616:
601:
578:
556:
537:Cully, Paul (18 August 2023).
530:
504:
1:
475:
166:
7:
10:
971:
456:Te Whare Taonga O Te Arawa
18:
823:. Waitangi Tribunal. 1992
798:. Waitangi Tribunal. 1999
774:. Waitangi Tribunal. 1990
492:. Waitangi Tribunal. 1993
468:Te Whare Taonga o Waikato
264:New Zealand Maori Council
842:Williams, David (1997).
426:New Zealand Film Archive
224:Waitangi Tribunal claims
950:Māori words and phrases
566:. BBC News. 31 May 2005
564:"Lego game irks Maoris"
327:." (Vol 1, 1.7.3 p. 96)
105:What is deemed to be a
702:Waipa District Council
390:Southern Māori dialect
344:."(Vol 1, 1.7.3 p. 96)
258:150 was lodged by Sir
180:is an important early
144:
80:riparian water rights
750:. Brian Easton. 1990
722:"Te Reo Maori Claim"
664:Te Tiriti o Waitangi
639:"Signing the Treaty"
145:te Tiriti o Waitangi
888:"Ko Aotearoa Tēnei"
846:. Waitangi Tribunal
724:, Waitangi Tribunal
386:Uare Taoka o Hākena
216:in their ancestral
98:is recognised as a
92:New Zealand culture
444:Ngā Taonga Kōrero
380:Hocken Collections
273:Treaty of Waitangi
255:Treaty of Waitangi
137:Treaty of Waitangi
127:The definition of
82:and access to the
53:Treaty of Waitangi
41:South Island Māori
21:Taonga (TV series)
926:Ko Aotearoa Tēnei
697:Te Awamutu Museum
543:www.thepost.co.nz
473:
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438:Radio New Zealand
262:on behalf of the
249:Radio frequencies
230:Waitangi Tribunal
186:Te Awamutu Museum
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305:Mātauranga Māori
295:to be violated.
149:other properties
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440:Sound Archives
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96:Ranfurly Shield
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643:NZ History.Gov
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268:rangatiratanga
260:Graham Latimer
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240:Māori language
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206:bird of sorrow
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153:Māori-language
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45:Māori-language
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868:. 2 July 2011
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114:Relationships
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84:riparian zone
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49:Māori culture
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26:
22:
925:
897:11 September
895:. Retrieved
882:
872:14 September
870:. Retrieved
860:
850:11 September
848:. Retrieved
837:
825:. Retrieved
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800:. Retrieved
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776:. Retrieved
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764:
752:. Retrieved
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729:
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707:21 September
705:. Retrieved
695:
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675:
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649:24 September
647:. Retrieved
642:
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608:
603:
591:. Retrieved
589:. Wired News
580:
568:. Retrieved
558:
548:14 September
546:. Retrieved
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532:
522:14 September
520:. Retrieved
516:
506:
494:. Retrieved
484:
467:
455:
443:
430:
418:
406:
394:Whare Taonga
393:
385:
363:Whare taonga
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353:Modern usage
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61:
35:
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29:
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25:
802:1 September
778:1 September
754:1 September
374:Māori name
133:New Zealand
944:Categories
476:References
382:, Dunedin
184:housed at
57:Hongi Hika
827:3 October
593:14 August
570:14 August
496:3 October
357:The word
201:Korotangi
190:Te Uenuku
173:Te Uenuku
167:Artifacts
76:fisheries
68:artefacts
64:heirlooms
692:"Uenuku"
517:Newsroom
392:form of
214:Hawaiki
151:". The
43:) is a
359:taonga
317:taonga
293:taonga
286:taonga
234:taonga
210:Tainui
194:Uenuku
178:Uenuku
157:taonga
129:taonga
107:taonga
100:taonga
88:taonga
30:Taonga
930:(PDF)
891:(PDF)
821:(PDF)
388:(the
141:Māori
36:taoka
899:2011
874:2011
852:2011
829:2011
804:2011
780:2011
756:2011
709:2013
651:2019
595:2006
572:2006
550:2024
524:2024
498:2011
218:waka
72:land
66:and
39:(in
188:.
33:or
946::
907:^
700:.
694:.
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641:.
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854:.
831:.
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670:.
653:.
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204:(
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23:.
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