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While these were written to encourage
Koreans to practice inner alchemy for the sake of immortality (i.e., deliverance from the corpse), they also re-envision and broaden the meaning of Korean religious history by reiterating nativist and folk traditions about the role of Korean mountain recluses and
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may be viewed as a Taoist parable. The exact origin, despite various theories by historians, is in question because the royal records maintained by the early Korean kingdoms were destroyed during the two occasions in which the royal libraries were burned by invading
Chinese armies. Later attempts to
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In the 16th to 18th centuries, Taoism flourished, as literati, monks, private scholars (sarim), and even women, studied and practiced Taoist meditation and inner alchemy (naedan/Danhak) and produced hagiographic and anecdotal accounts of their Taoist contemporaries and forebears. The most important
1590:
Taoism's effects have been limited because of a lack of an institutional or political base, rejected by
Confucian and Buddhist elites. Some modern scholars, however, are calling for a more critical reading of Confucianized histories, study of alternative sources, and a broader definition of Taoism,
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can be described as Neo-Confucianism, although not popular among the common people. At least at the start of the dynasty, Taoist literature was quite popular among groups of the intelligentsia. These writings on Taoism were predominantly from a
Confucian perspective. However, there was a growing
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Starting
December 2013 and ending in March 2014, the National Museum of Korea held an exhibit dubbed, "Taoist Culture in Korea: The Road to Happiness." The exhibit featured hundreds of pieces of Taoist art and other artifacts from earlier dynasties and kingdoms. One of the few notable artifacts
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Taoism has been absorbed into the traditional Korean vision of the world, a world view in which shamanistic, Confucian, Buddhist, and Taoist elements are so intimately intertwined that often only a scholar can distinguish which is which.
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Since the late Joseon dynasty, Taoism has been marginalized not only by the Korean Royal Court, Confucians, and
Buddhists but also by society as a whole. Due to such a history, only a handful of Taoists exist throughout Korea today.
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Very little writing on Taoism survived prior to the 20th century. Until recently, Taoism in Korea received little attention from scholars, usually only described as a "romantic influence" or "literary theme" within other contexts.
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and
Confucian institutions, temples, and ceremonies. The Taoist practice in Korea developed, somewhat in contrast to China, as an esoteric meditative practice in the mountains taught by the "mountain masters" or "mountain sages".
1632:. Buddhist temples were eventually transformed to Taoist temples. However, this first enthusiasm lasted for only 30 years. Taoist symbols are found in Goguryeo tomb murals near
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in 738 from the Tang emperor, left the most substantial legacy of Taoism. Silla scholars went to China to study Taoism, and Lao-tzu was tested in civil service examinations.
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1849:(bliss) decorate many everyday articles, from spoons to pillow cases, even today. Many place names, especially related to mountains, bear strong Taoist influence.
1743:(r. 1105–1122). The object of worship in these rituals included most of the major and minor deities of the Taoist pantheon, but certain deities such as
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Silla Taoism concentrated on the practice and training of one's mind or self-discipline. Its most distinctive mark can be found in the
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present at the exhibition was the Baekje Gilt-Bronze
Incense Burner, which is known for its heavy influence from Buddhism and Taoism.
1523:. Despite its diminished influence during those periods, it permeated all strata of the Korean populace, integrating with its native
1841:. Even if the term "Taoism" is not used, the terms, techniques, and goals are clearly Taoist. The Taoist mark of Chinese characters
1677:. The Tao most often coexisted with another Tao that was non-sapient and represented the laws of nature and "polytheistic belief in
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of these accounts known to date are four anecdotal biographies of immortals (Sason chon) in the collected writings of
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One of Korea's well-known founding myths in which a tiger and a bear seek to become human during an encounter with
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study the history and philosophy of Korean Taoism were suppressed during the Joseon kingdom which embraced only
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1795:(1569–1618), the Ch'onghakjip (Collected Discourses of Master Blue Crane) by Cho Yojok (early 17th century).
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2042:; Vallely, Anne; Woo, Terry Tak-ling; Nelson, John K. (2010). Oxtoby, Willard Gurdon; Amore, Roy C. (eds.).
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Korean Taoism and Korean folk religion from this point onwards had some religious groups believing in the
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as much as
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Some Taoist beliefs spread from
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against Taoism, and Taoism began to be perceived as "heretical". However, Taoists were not as
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and other native Korean religious practices taken from antiquity to current times.
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earthbound immortals in the maintenance and protection of Korean society.
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folk beliefs and practices, but it was also influenced by Korean Taoism.
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Session 73: Taoism: The Forgotten Strand in Korea's Religious Heritage
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Broadly speaking, Taoism, Confucianism and Buddhism infused native
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Modern Korean Taoist organizations are often heavily inspired by
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Exhibition on Taoist Culture in Korea: the road to happiness
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Way of the Celestial Masters#The Southern Celestial Masters
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kingdom as the national religion and the dominance of
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2046:(3rd ed.). Donn Mills, Ontario:
2016:. Association for Asian Studies, Inc.
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2044:World Religions: Eastern Traditions
1947:World Religions: Eastern Traditions
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1766:The state religion under the
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1312:Way of the Five Pecks of Rice
1007:Three Great Emperor-Officials
503:100 Cultural Symbols of Korea
1881:Way of the Celestial Masters
1704:, having received Lao-tzu's
1307:Way of the Celestial Masters
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2130:Collection: "Daoism/Taoism"
2010:Jahyun Kim Haboush (1995).
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16:Overview of Taoism in Korea
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2072:The Flag of South Korea
2048:Oxford University Press
1952:Oxford University Press
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970:Four heavenly ministers
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1982:: CS1 maint: others (
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1954:. 2002. p. 398.
1681:and nature deities".
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43:improve this article
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1852:The Taoist symbol
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1389:Taoist temple
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1379:Mount Penglai
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1216:Zhang Sanfeng
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1092:Zhang Daoling
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749:Five Precepts
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640:(five phases)
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60: –
59:
55:
54:Find sources:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
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20:
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2012:
1946:
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1737:Song dynasty
1730:
1718:
1706:Tao Te Ching
1700:
1688:
1672:monotheistic
1661:
1657:
1651:
1645:
1642:
1614:Tang dynasty
1603:
1589:
1585:
1582:
1574:Confucianism
1551:
1542:Confucianism
1534:
1504:
1498:
1497:
1491:
1483:
1384:Mount Kunlun
1228:
1188:Zhang Boduan
1170:Tao Hongjing
1082:Heshang Gong
975:Jade Emperor
920:
913:
906:
899:
894:Sanhuangjing
892:
885:
878:
871:
864:
857:
852:Tao Te Ching
850:
843:
818:
800:
789:
782:
773:
766:
754:Ten Precepts
724:
720:
710:
698:
681:
673:
666:
663:(non-action)
658:
650:
643:
635:
624:Yin and yang
616:
609:
602:
441:
409:
400:Martial arts
385:
378:
206:Architecture
105:
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
2101:Maewoldang
1885:shamanistic
1866:North Korea
1839:Kouk Sun Do
1807:invocations
1638:P'yongan-do
1576:during the
1527:as well as
1519:during the
1511:during the
1327:Zhengyi Dao
1291:Dragon Gate
1160:Kou Qianzhi
1155:Bao Jingyan
1069:Zhuang Zhou
873:Taipingjing
472:South Korea
460:North Korea
419:Video games
304:Traditional
2160:Categories
2103:Kim Si-sŭp
1923:References
1781:persecuted
1773:Yi dynasty
1562:Common Era
1548:Background
1399:Louguantai
1342:Yao Taoism
1165:Lu Xiujing
1145:Wei Huacun
1140:Sun Hanhua
1087:Wei Boyang
826:Priesthood
759:Meditation
678:(immortal)
655:(reversal)
289:Television
250:Literature
99:March 2017
69:newspapers
2132:from the
1978:cite book
1862:Chondoism
1799:Commoners
1714:animistic
1624:, to the
1558:Shamanism
1484:Taegeukgi
1251:Huang–Lao
1203:Qiu Chuji
1193:Sun Bu'er
1183:Chen Tuan
1135:Guo Xiang
1102:Zhang Jue
1074:Lie Yukou
901:Huahujing
866:Huainanzi
738:Practices
689:True form
443:Mugunghwa
405:Taekwondo
359:Mythology
1970:46661540
1891:See also
1793:Heo Gyun
1777:factions
1626:Goguryeo
1622:Zhuangzi
1600:Goguryeo
1554:Totemism
1529:Buddhist
1509:Buddhism
1299:Wuliupai
1221:Zhu Quan
1107:Zhang Lu
1044:Body god
936:Theology
880:Xiang'er
859:Zhuangzi
763:Alchemy
587:Concepts
546:a series
544:Part of
374:Clothing
369:Holidays
364:Folklore
221:Painting
190:Religion
180:Language
173:Diaspora
135:a series
133:Part of
2095:Hwadam
1917:Tonghak
1854:Taegeuk
1835:Tonghak
1803:liturgy
1721:Hwarang
1537:Hwanung
1525:animism
1492:Taegeuk
1261:Xuanxue
1244:Schools
1230:Fangshi
1150:Ge Hong
1122:Wang Bi
1112:Ge Xuan
1039:Li Hong
1034:Guan Yu
1017:Chang'e
922:Daozang
915:Baopuzi
845:I Ching
683:Zhenren
645:Bianhua
577:History
572:Outline
483:Taegeuk
467:Aegukga
455:Aegukka
436:Arirang
427:Symbols
411:Ssireum
352:Banchan
342:Cuisine
326:Theater
294:K-drama
277:Webtoon
216:Pottery
163:History
153:Society
83:scholar
2090:Silhak
2054:
1968:
1958:
1897:Taoism
1860:, and
1762:Joseon
1756:Goryeo
1749:T'aeil
1745:Samgye
1741:Yejong
1727:Goryeo
1691:Baekje
1685:Baekje
1668:divine
1634:Kangso
1570:Goryeo
1513:Goryeo
1500:Taoism
1486:, the
1117:He Yan
1097:Gan Ji
1057:People
784:Bugang
775:Waidan
768:Neidan
660:Wu wei
637:Wuxing
554:Taoism
395:Sports
380:Hanbok
347:Kimchi
300:Music
272:Manhwa
265:Poetry
168:People
137:on the
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
1702:Silla
1697:Silla
1618:Laozi
1610:China
1606:Gaozu
1566:Silla
1064:Laozi
990:Houtu
887:Liezi
838:Texts
668:Ziran
631:Bagua
618:Taiji
478:Flags
334:Other
319:K-pop
314:South
309:North
284:Media
260:South
255:North
243:South
238:North
228:Dance
90:JSTOR
76:books
2052:ISBN
1984:link
1966:OCLC
1956:ISBN
1837:and
1747:and
1660:and
1658:Tian
1653:Tian
1650:(or
1620:and
1568:and
1556:and
1503:or "
820:Fulu
802:Bigu
797:Diet
723:and
712:Shen
700:Jing
675:Xian
611:Wuji
233:Film
62:news
1847:bok
1689:In
1675:god
1656:or
1648:Tao
1612:'s
814:Art
791:Chu
721:Hun
652:Fan
598:Tao
387:Tal
211:Art
45:by
2162::
2038:;
2034:;
2022:^
1992:^
1980:}}
1976:{{
1964:.
1931:^
1872:.
1843:su
1833:,
1663:Di
1640:.
1636:,
1580:.
1505:Do
725:po
706:Qi
604:De
548:on
469:"
457:"
2060:.
1986:)
1972:.
1468:e
1461:t
1454:v
1293:)
805:)
799:(
530:e
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516:v
465:"
453:"
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434:"
112:)
106:(
101:)
97:(
87:·
80:·
73:·
66:·
39:.
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