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set judicial terms of office to eight years (even with changes in the election process, the tenure has remained the same ever since) and provided that all judges (including supreme court justices) would be elected by the people. Under this arrangement, a justice could enter office either through
231:
When
Tennessee was admitted as a state on June 1, 1796, it didn't have a provision for a judicial branch of government in its constitution. The Tennessee legislature created a Superior Court with three judges who were elected by the general assembly and functioned as both a trial court and an
407:, in his dissent, opined that the supreme court justices approving the constitutionality of the Modified Missouri Plan had, "like Esau, sold precious birthright, equality and freedom for a mess of potage" and had made the judicial branch subordinate to the legislative branch.
393:, appellate judges (including supreme court justices) would be subjected only to a "Yes/No" retention vote rather than to any challenge from an electoral opponent. Thus, it became impossible to become an appellate judge without being appointed by the governor.
403:(1973), the Court held that the retention elections were constitutional, as the constitution specified only that judges must be elected, without precisely defining what kinds of elections the General Assembly must enact for that purpose. Justice
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recused itself altogether and entirely now. The governor appointed five temporary replacements to hear this case. That body declined to rule on the constitutionality of the
Tennessee Plan but rather remanded the case on a technicality.
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themselves in cases in which they may have a personal interest; the whole court once had to step aside and a case be heard by a special court appointed by the governor, this occurring when the court itself became the subject of
410:
Partially as a result of that decision, the statute was revised in 1974 to remove
Tennessee Supreme Court justices from the plan, yet a 1994 revision to what was now called the "
2098:
308:(SCALES). SCALES has been instrumental in allowing over 36,000 high school students from over 540 high schools in Tennessee to see the court in action since 1995.
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an independent branch of government, which included the
Supreme Court as well as a system of lower courts. This court had three justices.
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Only one member of the
Tennessee Supreme Court has ever been removed under the Tennessee Plan. Former Justice
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election. Either way, the justice would have to stand for re-election during the next general state election.
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The method by which
Tennessee's supreme court justices are selected has changed significantly over the years.
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while adding to it a provision that gubernatorial appointments must be confirmed by the
General Assembly.
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In 2014, Tennessee voters approved an amendment to the
Tennessee Constitution, which codified the
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appellate court. In 1809, the
Superior Court was abolished by the Tennessee legislature and a new
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In 1971, a statute modified this process at the appellate level. Under a modified version of the
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was appealed to the
Tennessee Supreme Court, which, if it had not recused itself in the case of
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had been incompetent to render a decision because of its interest in the outcome of the case.
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challenged the statute once more in 1998. The plaintiffs argued that the process was not an "
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As of September 1, 2024, the justices of the Tennessee Supreme Court are:
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was removed in 1996 in a campaign reminiscent of that used a few years earlier in
236:, which only heard appellate cases, was established. In 1835, Tennessee adopted a
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The justices serve eight-year terms and can succeed themselves. The office of
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825:"Justice Kirby Elected To Serve As Chief Justice Of Tennessee Supreme Court"
1922:
460:, and for largely the same reason: a demonstrated unwillingness to uphold
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901:"SCALES program brings Tennessee Supreme Court to local high schoolers"
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335:, which have traditionally been appealed directly to it from the
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The revised statute was subject to litigation. In the case of
993:"Tenn. voters approve all four constitutional amendments date"
382:
gubernatorial appointment (to fill a vacancy) or by winning a
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200:. As of September 1, 2023, the chief justice is
1500:
844:, State of Tennessee website, accessed August 15, 2009
192:, Tennessee. The Court is composed of five members: a
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315:
rotates among the justices. Justices are required to
79:
Executive selection plus non-partisan retention (see
625:
574:
414:" extended it once again to supreme court justices.
306:
Supreme Court Advancing Legal Education for Students
180:. The Supreme Court's three buildings are seated in
33:
Tennessee Supreme Court building in Nashville, 2022
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474:List of justices of the Tennessee Supreme Court
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1486:
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370:Originally, each justice was elected by the
16:Highest court in the U.S. state of Tennessee
1023:Judicial Selection in the States: Tennessee
842:Office of the Attorney General and Reporter
219:, the Tennessee Supreme Court appoints the
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732:1984 or 1985 (age 39–40)
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2674:State supreme courts of the United States
1029:Supreme Court Information and Biographies
2664:Courts and tribunals established in 1870
211:is directly elected or appointed by the
1549:Speaker of the House of Representatives
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915:
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954:480, 495 (Humphreys, J., dissenting).
898:
771:Term ends Aug. 31 of the year listed.
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357:Tennessee Court of Errors and Appeals
991:Locker, Richard (November 5, 2014).
978:Robert L. Delaney vs. Brook Thompson
296:, throughout the state as part of a
981:, 01S01-9808-CH-00144 (Tenn. 1998).
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327:The Tennessee Supreme Court has no
13:
1501:Officers of the State of Tennessee
1094:Supreme Court of the United States
1041:(pdf) (accessed September 9, 2014)
234:Supreme Court of Error and Appeals
207:Unlike other states, in which the
104:Supreme Court of the United States
14:
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2659:1870 establishments in Tennessee
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27:
1461:(federal and state, all levels)
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456:to remove former Chief Justice
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1:
1943:Ridge-and-Valley Appalachians
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343:which have been heard by the
2099:Chattanooga–Cleveland–Dalton
1422:United States Virgin Islands
1031:(accessed September 9, 2014)
1025:(accessed September 9, 2014)
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636:1982 (age 41–42)
351:that have been heard by the
254:Tennessee State Constitution
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172:is the highest court in the
7:
1459:Courts of the United States
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467:
339:, it hears only appeals of
10:
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1928:Mississippi Alluvial Plain
899:Staff (15 November 2019).
805:Tennessee Attorney General
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372:Tennessee General Assembly
331:. Other than in cases of
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221:Tennessee Attorney General
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995:. Knoxville News Sentinel
965:Tennessee Code, Annotated
928:Knoxville Bar Association
924:"The Courts of Tennessee"
903:. Tennessee Supreme Court
880:. Tennessee Supreme Court
353:Court of Criminal Appeals
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1778:Tennessee National Guard
1412:Northern Mariana Islands
855:"History and Milestones"
2669:Government of Tennessee
2654:Tennessee Supreme Court
1580:Tennessee Supreme Court
1076:Highest judicial bodies
1018:Tennessee Supreme Court
785:Government of Tennessee
170:Tennessee Supreme Court
22:Tennessee Supreme Court
2679:Tennessee state courts
379:the state constitution
324:, as described below.
238:new state constitution
209:state attorney general
1933:Mississippi embayment
1544:Speaker of the Senate
800:Governor of Tennessee
377:An 1853 amendment to
333:worker's compensation
329:original jurisdiction
240:that established the
2634:Tennessee portal
2122:Tullahoma–Manchester
1908:Cumberland Mountains
1903:Blue Ridge Mountains
1402:District of Columbia
1105:State supreme courts
1078:in the United States
405:Allison B. Humphries
1793:Tourist attractions
1763:Lieutenant Governor
1537:Legislative offices
1519:Lieutenant Governor
1039:Tennessee Blue Book
790:Courts of Tennessee
479:Current composition
431:DeLaney v. Thompson
419:DeLaney v. Thompson
118:Number of positions
2109:Micropolitan areas
2026:Metropolitan areas
1913:Cumberland Plateau
1554:Secretary of State
1443:Philippine Islands
672:Dwight E. Tarwater
363:Judicial selection
113:8 years; renewable
76:Composition method
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2091:statistical areas
1709:African Americans
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1564:State Comptroller
1507:Executive offices
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1438:Panama Canal Zone
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736:September 1, 2024
693:September 1, 2023
640:February 10, 2022
629:Sarah K. Campbell
578:Jeffrey S. Bivins
548:September 1, 2014
217:state legislature
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110:Judge term length
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1768:General Assembly
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878:"SCALES Program"
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861:. Archived from
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266:Middle Tennessee
159:Jurist term ends
130:Official website
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472:Main article:
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443:Tennessee Plan
412:Tennessee Plan
364:
361:
349:criminal cases
270:West Tennessee
262:East Tennessee
249:
246:
228:
225:
202:Holly M. Kirby
164:
163:
160:
156:
155:
152:
148:
147:
145:Holly M. Kirby
142:
138:
137:
133:
132:
127:
123:
122:
119:
115:
114:
111:
107:
106:
101:
95:
94:
89:
85:
84:
81:Tennessee Plan
77:
73:
72:
59:
55:
54:
48:
44:
43:
42:March 26, 1870
40:
36:
35:
32:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2691:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2662:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2651:
2649:
2636:
2635:
2622:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2142:
2140:
2138:
2134:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2114:
2112:
2110:
2106:
2100:
2097:
2096:
2094:
2092:
2086:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2031:
2029:
2027:
2023:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1968:
1966:
1964:
1960:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1900:
1898:
1894:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1874:
1872:
1870:
1866:
1858:
1855:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1844:
1842:
1840:
1837:
1835:
1832:
1830:
1827:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1807:
1806:
1804:
1800:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1773:Supreme Court
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1757:
1754:
1753:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1739:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1722:
1721:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1707:
1705:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1665:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1656:
1654:
1652:
1648:
1643:
1642:
1636:
1632:
1628:
1621:
1616:
1614:
1609:
1607:
1602:
1601:
1598:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1577:
1575:
1571:
1565:
1562:
1560:
1557:
1555:
1552:
1550:
1547:
1545:
1542:
1541:
1539:
1535:
1530:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1511:
1509:
1505:
1496:
1491:
1489:
1484:
1482:
1477:
1476:
1473:
1460:
1457:
1456:
1454:
1452:Complete list
1450:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1436:
1435:
1433:
1429:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1385:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1368:West Virginia
1366:
1364:
1361:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1346:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1333:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1297:
1294:
1292:
1289:
1288:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1253:New Hampshire
1251:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1213:Massachusetts
1211:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1151:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1110:
1108:
1106:
1102:
1096:
1095:
1091:
1090:
1088:
1086:
1082:
1077:
1070:
1065:
1063:
1058:
1056:
1051:
1050:
1047:
1040:
1036:
1035:Supreme Court
1033:
1030:
1027:
1024:
1021:
1019:
1016:
1015:
994:
987:
980:
979:
973:
966:
960:
953:
949:
948:State v. Dunn
944:
929:
925:
918:
902:
895:
879:
872:
864:
860:
856:
850:
843:
838:
830:
826:
820:
816:
806:
803:
801:
798:
796:
793:
791:
788:
786:
783:
782:
768:
764:
756:
753:
750:
747:
744:
734:
731:
726:
720:
719:
716:
713:
710:
707:
704:
701:
691:
688:(age 69)
678:
673:
667:
666:
663:
660:
657:
654:
651:
648:
638:
635:
630:
624:
623:
620:
617:
614:
611:
608:
605:
602:
599:July 16, 2014
597:
594:(age 64)
584:
579:
573:
572:
569:
566:
563:
560:
557:
554:
552:2023–present
551:
546:
543:(age 67)
533:
531:
530:Chief Justice
524:
518:
517:
513:
511:Appointed by
510:
506:
503:
500:
497:
494:
491:
488:
487:
484:
475:
465:
463:
459:
455:
451:
446:
444:
439:
436:
432:
428:
424:
420:
415:
413:
408:
406:
402:
401:
394:
392:
391:Missouri Plan
387:
385:
380:
375:
373:
368:
360:
358:
354:
350:
346:
342:
338:
334:
330:
325:
323:
318:
314:
313:chief justice
309:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
263:
259:
255:
245:
243:
239:
235:
224:
222:
218:
214:
210:
205:
203:
199:
195:
194:chief justice
191:
187:
183:
179:
175:
171:
161:
157:
153:
149:
146:
143:
139:
136:Chief Justice
134:
131:
128:
124:
120:
116:
112:
108:
105:
102:
100:
96:
93:
90:
88:Authorized by
86:
82:
78:
74:
71:
67:
63:
60:
56:
52:
49:
45:
41:
37:
30:
25:
20:
2625:
2054:Johnson City
2006:Johnson City
1996:Murfreesboro
1923:Highland Rim
1819:Demographics
1772:
1741:Constitution
1699:Homelessness
1639:
1579:
1327:
1323:South Dakota
1313:Rhode Island
1308:Pennsylvania
1278:North Dakota
1092:
997:. Retrieved
986:
976:
972:
964:
959:
947:
943:
931:. Retrieved
927:
917:
905:. Retrieved
894:
882:. Retrieved
871:
863:the original
858:
849:
837:
828:
819:
767:
541:July 9, 1957
529:
508:represented
482:
447:
440:
434:
430:
426:
418:
417:The case of
416:
409:
397:
395:
388:
376:
369:
366:
326:
310:
305:
300:project for
251:
230:
206:
169:
167:
47:Jurisdiction
2039:Clarksville
2034:Chattanooga
1991:Clarksville
1986:Chattanooga
1714:LGBT rights
1704:Tennesseans
1417:Puerto Rico
1388:Territorial
1228:Mississippi
1143:Connecticut
999:January 29,
967:article 67.
613:Bill Haslam
562:Bill Haslam
514:Law school
450:Penny White
398:Higgins v.
341:civil cases
337:trial court
302:high school
286:Chattanooga
196:, and four
39:Established
2648:Categories
2610:Williamson
2590:Washington
2525:Sequatchie
2515:Rutherford
2455:Montgomery
2385:Lauderdale
2230:Cumberland
2127:Union City
2117:Cookeville
2074:Morristown
1953:Tri-Cities
1847:newspapers
1834:Literature
1724:newspapers
1719:Mass media
1363:Washington
1263:New Mexico
1258:New Jersey
1133:California
811:References
682:1955-04-28
619:Vanderbilt
603:2016–2021
588:1960-08-31
537:1957-07-09
501:Term ends
454:California
374:for life.
322:litigation
252:The third
99:Appeals to
2580:Van Buren
2565:Trousdale
2510:Robertson
2365:Jefferson
2355:Humphreys
2335:Henderson
2205:Claiborne
2079:Nashville
2064:Knoxville
2044:Cleveland
1981:Knoxville
1971:Nashville
1829:Education
1746:Elections
1689:Geography
1644:(capital)
1641:Nashville
1631:Tennessee
1373:Wisconsin
1328:Tennessee
1287:Oklahoma
1223:Minnesota
1198:Louisiana
715:Tennessee
458:Rose Bird
347:, and of
290:Kingsport
278:Knoxville
274:Nashville
248:Structure
242:judiciary
186:Knoxville
182:Nashville
178:Tennessee
162:August 31
141:Currently
66:Knoxville
62:Nashville
51:Tennessee
2550:Sullivan
2425:Marshall
2390:Lawrence
2315:Hardeman
2305:Hamilton
2285:Grainger
2270:Franklin
2265:Fentress
2235:Davidson
2225:Crockett
2195:Cheatham
2175:Campbell
2145:Anderson
2137:Counties
2089:Combined
2001:Franklin
1751:Governor
1694:Gun laws
1664:Cannabis
1659:Abortion
1514:Governor
1431:Obsolete
1358:Virginia
1341:criminal
1296:criminal
1268:New York
1243:Nebraska
1233:Missouri
1218:Michigan
1208:Maryland
1193:Kentucky
1173:Illinois
1148:Delaware
1138:Colorado
1128:Arkansas
779:See also
757:Memphis
752:Bill Lee
709:Bill Lee
656:Bill Lee
489:Justice
468:Justices
423:election
384:partisan
213:governor
198:justices
58:Location
2600:Weakley
2545:Stewart
2485:Pickett
2475:Overton
2440:McNairy
2415:Madison
2400:Lincoln
2370:Johnson
2360:Jackson
2350:Houston
2345:Hickman
2330:Haywood
2325:Hawkins
2310:Hancock
2300:Hamblen
2260:Fayette
2250:Dickson
2240:Decatur
2200:Chester
2185:Carroll
2170:Bradley
2160:Bledsoe
2150:Bedford
2069:Memphis
2049:Jackson
2011:Jackson
1976:Memphis
1896:Regions
1824:Economy
1802:Culture
1788:Symbols
1684:Outline
1679:History
1378:Wyoming
1353:Vermont
1238:Montana
1178:Indiana
1158:Georgia
1153:Florida
1123:Arizona
1113:Alabama
1037:in the
907:14 July
884:14 July
876:Staff.
652:Middle
609:Middle
568:Memphis
495:Joined
294:Memphis
282:Jackson
227:History
190:Jackson
126:Website
70:Jackson
2615:Wilson
2585:Warren
2570:Unicoi
2560:Tipton
2555:Sumner
2535:Shelby
2530:Sevier
2495:Putnam
2465:Morgan
2450:Monroe
2435:McMinn
2420:Marion
2405:Loudon
2320:Hardin
2295:Grundy
2290:Greene
2275:Gibson
2245:DeKalb
2220:Coffee
2190:Carter
2180:Cannon
2165:Blount
2155:Benton
1882:Middle
1843:Media
1651:Topics
1332:Texas
1303:Oregon
1248:Nevada
1188:Kansas
1163:Hawaii
1118:Alaska
952:S.W.2d
950:, 496
317:recuse
292:, and
280:, and
268:, and
188:, and
68:, and
2605:White
2595:Wayne
2575:Union
2540:Smith
2520:Scott
2505:Roane
2480:Perry
2470:Obion
2460:Moore
2445:Meigs
2430:Maury
2410:Macon
2395:Lewis
2340:Henry
2280:Giles
2215:Cocke
1852:radio
1839:Music
1814:Crime
1729:radio
1627:State
1336:civil
1291:civil
1203:Maine
1168:Idaho
933:1 May
748:West
745:2026
705:East
702:2024
649:2030
606:2030
558:West
555:2030
492:Born
174:state
151:Since
2500:Rhea
2490:Polk
2380:Lake
2375:Knox
2255:Dyer
2210:Clay
1887:West
1877:East
1756:list
1674:Name
1407:Guam
1348:Utah
1283:Ohio
1183:Iowa
1001:2016
963:See
935:2015
909:2020
886:2020
754:(R)
711:(R)
662:Duke
658:(R)
615:(R)
564:(R)
400:Dunn
168:The
1629:of
288:,
215:or
176:of
2650::
1857:TV
1734:TV
926:.
857:.
827:.
684:)
590:)
539:)
528:,
464:.
359:.
276:,
264:,
223:.
204:.
184:,
64:,
1619:e
1612:t
1605:v
1494:e
1487:t
1480:v
1068:e
1061:t
1054:v
1003:.
937:.
911:.
888:.
831:.
741:–
698:–
680:(
645:–
586:(
535:(
260:(
121:5
83:)
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