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825:(DEQ) developed the Oregon Water Quality Index (OWQI) in the 1970s to rate general water quality at different locations. Scores can vary from 10 (worst) to 100 (ideal). Portland's Bureau of Environmental Services (BES) incorporated the OWQI into its monitoring of Tryon Creek in 1997. As of 2004, the overall OWQI score for Tryon Creek was 74 or "poor"; this was slightly better than nearby Fanno Creek at 67. The State of Oregon listed Tryon Creek as "water-quality limited" in 1998 because water temperatures on the lower 5 miles (8 km) of the main stem as well as on Nettle, Arnold, and Falling creeks exceeded the upper limit for protecting
536:
57:
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29:
1228:
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The creek receives Red Fox Creek from the right and
Palatine Hill Creek from the left, then flows out of Portland and Multnomah County and into the city of Lake Oswego and Clackamas County. The stream then passes under the Iron Mountain Bridge, which carries the Iron Mountain Trail. Just below the bridge, Nettle Creek enters from the right at 1.06 miles (1.71 km) from the mouth, and shortly thereafter the creek passes a
41:
64:
1208:. Equestrians can ride through the woods on horse trails totaling about 5 miles (8 km). Hikers can use the bike path, horse trails, and about 8 miles (13 km) of hiking trails. A paved loop trail of about 0.35-mile (0.56 km), furnished with drinking fountains and interpretive signs, can accommodate
1215:
Tryon Creek, which flows through the middle of the state park, also runs through
Marshall Park, a modified natural area of about 26 acres (11 ha) in a canyon in the hills northwest of Mount Sylvania. It features hiking trails, a playground, picnic tables, a waterfall, and a stone bridge over the
503:
with a combined length of 260 feet (79 m) then flows on the surface before entering another culvert, 160 feet (49 m) long under
Southwest 30th Avenue at river mile (RM) 4.56 or river kilometer (RK) 7.34. Shortly thereafter, the stream passes under Route 99W (Barbur Boulevard)
1101:
Riparian zones and floodplains are relatively intact along the lower reaches of the main stem in the state natural area, fairly intact in
Marshall Park, and marginal in the upper reaches surrounded by homes. Arnold Creek has riparian corridors wider than 100 feet (30 m) in good condition, while
746:
covers about 4,100 acres (1,700 ha) or 6.5 square miles (17 km). Of this, about 80 percent is within the
Portland city limits, and the remaining 20 percent is split among the jurisdictions of the city of Lake Oswego, and the counties of Multnomah and Clackamas. These four overlap
543:
Park Creek enters from the right at RM 1.80 (RK 2.90). Slightly below the confluence, the creek passes under the Red Fox Bridge, which carries the Red Fox Trail. Thereafter, the creek runs roughly parallel to the South Creek Trail, which is on the right for about 0.40 miles (0.64 km).
858:
In 2015, BES began issuing annual "report cards" for watersheds or fractions thereof that lie within the city. BES assigns grades for each of four categories: hydrology, water quality, habitat, and fish and wildlife. Hydrology grades depend on the amount of pavement and other impervious surfaces in
781:
in the creek and its tributaries. The total length of surface streams in the drainage basin is about 27 miles (43 km), while another 3 miles (5 km) run through culverts or pipes. Although major flooding in 1996 caused landslides and severe damage to stream beds and banks along Tryon Creek
511:
at 4.16 miles (6.69 km) from the mouth. Quail and
Burlingame creeks enter from the right shortly thereafter. At Marshall Park, the stream passes through a series of rock pools and steps known as the Marshall Cascade from RM 3.48 (RK 5.60) to RM 3.28 (RK 5.28). At the end of
805:
The major smaller streams in the Tryon Creek watershed are Arnold Creek and
Falling Creek. The larger of the two, Arnold Creek, has a watershed of roughly 1.2 square miles (3.1 km) or 18 percent of the 6.5-square-mile (17 km) total, while Falling Creek's watershed covers 0.4 square
573:
Since 2002, the USGS has monitored the flow of Tryon Creek at a station 1 mile (1.6 km) from the mouth. The average flow between 2002 and 2011 was 8.72 cubic feet per second (0.25 m/s). This is from a drainage area of 6.28 square miles (16.27 km), about 97 percent of the total
1019:
Local efforts began in the 1950s to establish a park along the creek, In 1969, the government of
Multnomah County bought 45 acres (18 ha) to start a large regional park and sought citizen assistance with the project. This led to formation of Friends of Tryon Creek Park, which raised funds,
498:
and flows southeast for 4.85 miles (7.81 km) through
Portland residential neighborhoods as well as Marshall Park and the Tryon Creek State Natural Area to its confluence with the Willamette River in the city of Lake Oswego. Not far from its source, the main stem runs through three closely
1031:. The Friends and the state collaborated in park planning and further fund-raising. In 1973, more than 300 volunteers built trails, and the nature center and shelter were finished by 1975. The park was officially dedicated on July 1, 1975 and later renamed Tryon Creek State Natural Area.
531:
within the park. High Bridge carries the Middle Creek Trail as well as a linear horse trail connecting the park's North and South horse loops. Below this bridge, the creek flows for about 0.20 miles (0.32 km) before passing under the Beaver Bridge. In this stretch, the Middle Creek Trail
512:
the
Marshall Cascade, it receives Owl Creek. Arnold Creek, which is Tryon Creek's largest tributary, enters from the right 2.68 miles (4.31 km) from the mouth. Almost immediately, the creek enters a culvert, about 150 feet (46 m) long, that passes under Southwest Boones Ferry Road.
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by the Portland Bureau of Environmental Services gives a precise length of 4.85 miles (7.81 km). The plan describes inflow above that point as a "headwaters complex" that "includes all small upper tributaries above RM 4.85." By convention, stream lengths do not include tributary
767:
About 35 inches (890 mm) of precipitation, almost entirely rain, fall on the watershed each year. Summers are dry, and most of the precipitation occurs between October and May. Elevations within the drainage basin vary from Mount Sylvania, which rises to 970 feet (300 m) above
832:
BES monitors water quality at three Tryon Creek sites. Two are near I-5 and Barbur Boulevard in the upper watershed, and the third is at Southwest Boones Ferry Road, about 2.7 miles (4.3 km) from the mouth. BES looks at several indicators such as dissolved oxygen, nutrients, and
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creek. Other parks in the watershed include West Portland Park, a natural area of about 15 acres (6 ha), Foley-Balmer Natural Area, and Maricara Park, a natural area of about 17 acres (7 ha). Metro plans to acquire additional land along the creek to add to the parks.
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Clackamas County community, which is to the left. The Tryon Creek Wastewater Treatment Plant is on the right during this last stretch before the creek enters the Willamette River about 20 miles (32 km) upstream from its confluence with the Columbia River.
849:
outfalls draining 368 acres (149 ha) of the upper watershed and contributing about half of the creek's total suspended solids. As of 2004, the only water-quality indicator in the watershed that failed to meet minimal standards was the water temperature.
793:, 5 percent; commercial, 3 percent, and insufficient data, 2 percent. To reach 100 percent, BES listed but did not differentiate by zoning type the roughly 20 percent of the watershed that lies beyond the Portland city limits.
726:. Over long stretches of time between the great floods, dry winds deposited silt. At elevations above 300 feet (90 m) in the Tryon Creek watershed, wind-blown silt covers the lava, while at lower elevations sand and gravel cover the bedrock.
420:. Parks and open spaces cover about 21 percent of the watershed, while single-family homes dominate most of the remainder. The largest of the parks is the state natural area, which straddles the border between the two cities and counties.
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Falling Creek's riparian zones, surrounded by homes, are in poor condition. Damaged zones from which native vegetation has been removed lead to erosion, stream bank failure, sedimentation, lack of shading, and higher stream temperatures.
969:, about 17 miles (27 km) downriver from the mouth of Tryon Creek. Lewis and Clark estimated that 800 Multnomahs inhabited 5 villages on the island in 1806, but disease reduced them later in the century to near extinction.
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at the south end of Tryon Creek canyon. Five years later, he died, leaving the land to his wife, Frances. The land then passed to other relatives, including Socrates Tryon, Jr., who sold the 645 acres (261 ha) in 1874 to the
574:
Tryon Creek watershed. The maximum flow recorded during this period was 1,210 cubic feet per second (34 m/s) on December 9, 2010. The minimum was 0.09 cubic feet per second (0.0025 m/s) on September 4, 5, and 12, 2002.
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to the south. More than 70 miles (110 km) of surface streets, including parts of Interstate 5, Oregon Route 99W, Oregon Route 43, Boones Ferry Road, Taylors Ferry Road, and Terwilliger Boulevard, run through the watershed.
772:
in the West Hills, to 10 feet (3.0 m) where the creek enters the Willamette River. Between 60 and 75 percent of the slopes in the watershed exceed a 30-percent grade and are especially steep near the headwaters.
797:, the regional government for the Portland metropolitan area, says that parks and natural areas cover about 21 percent of the total watershed, while single-family housing dominates most of the rest.
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in different parts of the creek at different times of the year. None was present in large number. Cutthroat trout had the biggest population, estimated at 53 individual fish during the spring of 2002.
1886:
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and Cook's Butte, are in the Tryon Creek watershed. The Mount Sylvania eruptions included ash plumes and lava flows that covered some of the Waverly Heights Formation and Columbia River basalts.
652:
vents in eastern Oregon and Washington flowed across much of northern Oregon, sometimes reaching the Pacific Ocean. Although these basalts have been mapped in the West Hills under Marquam Hill,
1467:
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miles (1.0 km) or 6 percent of the total. The seven named tributaries from mouth to source are Nettle, Palatine Hill, Red Fox, Park, Fourth Avenue, Arnold, and Falling creeks.
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2324:
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parallels the stream along the right bank but crosses to the left bank at the bridge. Shortly thereafter, the creek passes under Obie's Bridge, which carries the Old Man Trail.
515:
Shortly thereafter, Tryon Creek enters the Tryon Creek State Natural Area. To the stream's right is the North Creek Trail. Soon the creek receives Fourth Avenue Creek from the
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soon merges with the Lewis and Clark Trail, which also runs parallel to the creek along the left bank. Then Tryon Creek passes under the High Bridge, the uppermost of five
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cover about 24 percent of the basin. These surfaces and the relatively impermeable silt and clay soils that underlie the area contribute to rapid runoff and low
785:
In 2000, the population of the Tryon Creek watershed within Portland was about 18,000. In 2005, Portland's Bureau of Environmental Services (BES) described land-use
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was formally established. As of 2005, about 37 percent of the watershed was wooded and supported more than 60 species of birds as well as small mammals,
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Logging resumed in 1912 in the north part of the canyon, where The Boone's Ferry Wood and Tie Company had a site near what became Alfred Street. A sawmill and
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in Lake Oswego. Its logging road later became Old Iron Mountain Trail in the Tryon Creek State Natural Area. In 1900, fire in the upper canyon left charred
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1925:
1897:
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helped arrange land deals, worked on problems of jurisdiction in a two-county, two-city park, and sought help from the state. In 1970, Oregon Governor
1212:. A park building called the Nature Center houses a gift shop, a large classroom, space for educational exhibits, and a play area for small children.
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and others through the mid-20th century. Efforts to establish a large park in the watershed began in the 1950s and succeeded in 1975 when the
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and flagpoles, and left huge cedar stumps that remain in the park. Intermittent logging continued through 1961, and a 1962 windstorm known as the
2310:
1193:, Oregon's only metropolitan state park. At about 630 acres (250 ha), the natural area is much larger than the watershed's other parks.
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2474:
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the watershed and the degree to which its streams flow freely, not dammed or diverted. Water-quality grades are based on measurements of
1137:, which are invertebrates that can walk on water, are common in the pools of Tryon Creek. More than 60 species of birds, including
1834:
1680:
822:
552:, which is on the right. The creek leaves the Tryon Creek State Natural Area just before entering a 200-foot (61 m) culvert under
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reduced this population to 88 by 1851, and in 1855 the tribe signed a treaty surrendering its lands. Another group of Chinookans, the
1279:
1027:
Over the next few years, the state bought more than 600 acres (240 ha) of land for nearly $ 3 million, including federal
601:
separated North America from Europe and North Africa and pushed it westward did the continent acquire, bit by bit, what became the
2168:
1962:
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1118:
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basin, about 5 miles (8 km) upriver from the mouth of Tryon Creek and on the east side of the Willamette, was home to the
262:
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2202:
1441:
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visited the area in 1806, the Clackamas tribe consisted of about 1,800 people living in 11 villages. Epidemics of
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2124:
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inundated the Columbia River basin many times. These floods deposited huge amounts of debris and sediment and created new
56:
1270:
1070:; they are celebrated each spring during the park's Trillium Festival. More than 90 species of wildflower such as
794:
2242:
2221:
889:. In 2015, the BES grades for Tryon Creek are hydrology, B; water quality, B; habitat, B, and fish and wildlife, Cā.
177:
2395:
1275:
545:
789:
in the watershed as follows: single-family residential, 55 percent; parks and open space, 14 percent;
1933:
1190:
413:
2063:"Portland's Keystone Crustacean: Signal Crayfish Behavior, Health, & Habitat in the Tryon Creek Watershed"
1265:
1619:
973:
637:, across the Willamette River from Tryon Creek, and this formation underlies most of Tryon Creek State Park.
605:. Over many millions of years, the continent collided with and incorporated islands, reefs, and other exotic
455:
83:
660:, they flowed around but did not completely cover the Waverly Hills Formation in the Tryon Creek watershed.
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engine operated near the future sites of Beaver Bridge and Obie's Bridge. The lumber was used chiefly for
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405:
1013:
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1990:
1988:
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1984:
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tracks. Below this, Tryon Creek forms the boundary between the city of Lake Oswego and Briarwood, an
1648:
1646:
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1642:
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1332:
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1981:
1894:
Salmon and Steelhead Runs and Related Events of the Clackamas River Basin: A Historical Perspective
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1401:
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790:
397:
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244:
159:
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2017:
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756:
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1342:
519:. At this point, the Fourth Avenue Trail runs parallel to the creek along the left bank. This
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from flooding and erosion, and layers of wind-blown silt. Two dormant volcanoes from the
417:
240:
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1063:
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711:
626:
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401:
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below the confluence with Nettle Creek, 1 mile (1.6 km) from the Tryon Creek mouth
142:
1390:
Although other sources give the creek's length as 7 miles (11 km), Chapter 10 of
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Tryon Creek is among the few streams in the Portland metropolitan area with a run of
2400:
2238:
2217:
2198:
2084:
1966:
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in the 19th century. Evidence suggests that people lived in the northern Oregon
910:
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723:
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439:. Known as the Waverly Hills Formation, it lies buried under ash and lava from later
1812:
1789:
751:, which owns the natural area. Watersheds that border the Tryon Creek watershed are
582:
2350:
2253:
2109:
Weist, Ellison G. (October 23, 2007). "Tryon Creek Trails Welcome Hooves, Wheels".
2074:
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on the east edge of the park as part of the Portland metropolitan area's system of
1142:
1138:
1083:
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to the Pacific Ocean. The Clackamas lands included the lower Willamette River from
882:
865:
680:
590:
491:
409:
381:
228:
155:
1613:"Lake Oswego Surface Water Management Plan, Chapter 3: Study Area Characteristics"
885:, and other variables. The fish and wildlife assessment includes birds, fish, and
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1130:
1114:
1087:
1043:
918:
870:
707:
672:
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Starting about 3 million years ago and continuing at least through the late
598:
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535:
1468:"United States Geological Survey Topographic Map: Lake Oswego, Oregon, quadrant"
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and its tributaries, it caused no significant property damage in the watershed.
508:
2345:
2039:
1563:"Tryon Creek Watershed Atlas, Part Two: A Profile of the Tryon Creek Watershed"
1122:
994:
930:
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653:
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389:
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2088:
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914:
878:
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1066:. The forest understory in the Tryon Creek State Natural Area includes many
877:. Habitat ranking depends on the condition of stream banks and floodplains,
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2079:
1766:
1743:
1313:
1205:
1079:
1005:
1001:
934:
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The state park includes a 3-mile (5 km) bicycle path that runs along
897:
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lies under the Tryon Creek watershed. The terrane consisted of a chain of
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2023:
1994:
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as early as 10,000 years ago. By 2,000 to 3,000 years ago, the
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One hundred and fifty million years ago, Oregon did not exist. Not until
463:
223:
28:
1368:"Water-Data Report 2011: USGS 14211315 Tryon Creek Near Lake Oswego, OR"
2067:
International Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activities
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1170:
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1021:
874:
846:
826:
719:
524:
40:
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About 37 percent of the watershed is wooded. Dominant trees are
769:
528:
478:, and fish. At the same time, the human population was about 18,000.
475:
1501:(Map) (April 2008 ed.). Oregon Parks and Recreation Department.
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1067:
1009:
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778:
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that by 34 million years ago was being uplifted to become the
618:
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428:
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still visible along the natural area's Center and Big Fir trails.
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1154:
990:
958:
954:
738:
A path runs through the forest near Tryon Creek in Marshall Park.
703:
649:
606:
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440:
424:
423:
The bedrock under the watershed includes part of the last exotic
1078:. Invasive species found in many parts of the watershed include
392:, its watershed covers about 6.5 square miles (16.8 km) in
2292:
1166:
1162:
1150:
786:
630:
614:
436:
385:
248:
163:
109:
818:
High Bridge over Tryon Creek in Tryon Creek State Natural Area
2195:
In Search of Ancient Oregon: A Geological and Natural History
2007:
2005:
2003:
715:
520:
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and I-5 through another culvert, 560 feet (170 m) long.
905:
Multnomah and Clackamas counties were named after groups of
845:
of pollution in the creek include two major upper-watershed
556:
at RM 0.24 (RK 0.39) and soon thereafter a set of
2237:(7th ed.). Portland: Oregon Historical Society Press.
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fish rearing and migratory fish passage during the summer.
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2000:
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The Tryon house, built in 1850 and demolished in the 1990s
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1535:
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609:. Part of the last major exotic terrane acquired by the
2287:
1505:
976:, a pioneer settler of European descent, established a
1618:. City of Lake Oswego. 1992. p. 2. Archived from
1169:, moles, rabbits, skunks, and squirrels, while frogs,
2214:
Wild in the City: A Guide to Portland's Natural Areas
1173:, snakes, and turtles also do well in the watershed.
1565:. Portland State University. 1994ā95. Archived from
1436:(Map) (2007 ed.). G.M. Johnson and Associates.
1223:
1965:. Friends of Tryon Creek State Park. Archived from
1024:announced the formation of Tryon Creek State Park.
985:. For nearly 25 years, the company cut virgin
759:to the north, the Willamette River to the east and
2254:"Fanno and Tryon Creeks Watershed Management Plan"
2252:Portland Bureau of Environmental Services (2005).
1835:"Lost Landmarks: Other Neighborhoods: Tryon House"
1811:Portland Bureau of Environmental Services (2015).
1788:Portland Bureau of Environmental Services (2015).
1765:Portland Bureau of Environmental Services (2015).
1742:Portland Bureau of Environmental Services (2015).
2108:
1683:. Metro Regional Government. 2009. Archived from
640:Between 15 and 16 million years ago, in the
2451:
2230:
1865:
1557:
1555:
1553:
1392:Fanno and Tryon Creeks Watershed Management Plan
1300:
1074:are found in the park as well as plants such as
945:to its confluence with the Columbia River. When
679:. This field extended roughly from Portland and
2231:McArthur, Lewis A.; McArthur, Lewis L. (2003).
1957:
1955:
1953:
1951:
1185:Nature Center at Tryon Creek State Natural Area
1046:flourish in the Tryon Creek State Natural Area.
380:is a 4.85-mile (7.81 km) tributary of the
2024:Portland Bureau of Environmental Services 2005
1995:Portland Bureau of Environmental Services 2005
1730:Portland Bureau of Environmental Services 2005
1718:Portland Bureau of Environmental Services 2005
1706:Portland Bureau of Environmental Services 2005
1665:Portland Bureau of Environmental Services 2005
1653:Portland Bureau of Environmental Services 2005
1412:Portland Bureau of Environmental Services 2005
1349:Portland Bureau of Environmental Services 2005
1337:Portland Bureau of Environmental Services 2005
841:enters the creek from its urban surroundings.
629:(West Hills). The easternmost exposure of the
400:counties. The stream flows southeast from the
71:Location of the mouth of Tryon Creek in Oregon
2318:
2216:. Portland: Oregon Historical Society Press.
1920:
1918:
1550:
1133:have also been found in significant numbers.
1948:
1461:
1459:
1457:
1455:
1453:
633:of this terrane is in Waverly Heights, near
507:Tryon Creek receives Falling Creek from the
1932:. National Geographic. 2008. Archived from
1896:. Portland General Electric. Archived from
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1493:
1491:
1489:
1487:
1485:
1428:
1426:
1424:
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1420:
1189:Parks in the Tryon Creek watershed include
909:who lived in the area before settlement by
16:Tributary of the Willamette River in Oregon
2325:
2311:
1915:
1034:
823:Oregon Department of Environmental Quality
675:led to eruption of small volcanoes in the
2211:
2078:
2011:
1880:
1878:
1876:
1874:
1840:. Oswego Heritage Council. Archived from
1450:
702:About 15,000 years ago, cataclysmic
454:Named for mid-19th century settler,
2042:. Oregon Parks and Recreation Department
1827:
1670:
1482:
1417:
1280:United States Department of the Interior
1180:
1161:frequent the area. Some of the resident
1038:
896:
813:
733:
593:, southwest of the Tryon Creek watershed
581:
534:
357:0.09 cu ft/s (0.0025 m/s)
2212:Houck, Mike; Cody, M. J., eds. (2000).
2102:
2060:
2034:
2032:
1930:Lewis and Clark Interactive Journey Log
1361:
1359:
1357:
347:8.72 cu ft/s (0.247 m/s)
2452:
2333:Rivers and streams of Portland, Oregon
2288:Friends of Marshall and Maricara Parks
2192:
1884:
1871:
1599:
1587:
1544:
1529:
1514:
1260:
1258:
1256:
1119:Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife
2306:
2171:. Portland Parks and Recreation. 2009
2149:. Portland Parks and Recreation. 2009
2127:. Portland Parks and Recreation. 2009
1316:search using GNIS source coordinates.
1306:
873:, and substances such as mercury and
853:
695:on the east. Two of these volcanoes,
486:Tryon Creek begins slightly north of
367:1,210 cu ft/s (34 m/s)
2061:Schmitt, Kyla (September 13, 2022).
2029:
1354:
388:. Part of the drainage basin of the
2475:Tributaries of the Willamette River
1271:Geographic Names Information System
1253:
925:tribe. They were a subgroup of the
710:or Bretz Floods originating in the
458:, the creek ran through forests of
63:
13:
2465:Rivers of Multnomah County, Oregon
2197:. Portland, Oregon: Timber Press.
1434:City Street Map: Portland, Gresham
451:are in the Tryon Creek watershed.
33:Upper Tryon Creek in Marshall Park
14:
2486:
2293:Friends of Tryon Creek State Park
2276:
2147:"West Portland Park Natural Area"
1466:United States Geological Survey.
1366:United States Geological Survey.
416:to the Willamette in the city of
2359:
2263:from the original on May 6, 2015
2040:"Tryon Creek State Natural Area"
1226:
1016:blew down many remaining trees.
809:
315:6.5 sq mi (17 km)
62:
55:
39:
27:
2161:
2139:
2117:
2054:
1804:
1781:
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1735:
1605:
1276:United States Geological Survey
546:United States Geological Survey
1744:"About Watershed Report Cards"
1384:
1312:Source elevation derived from
1191:Tryon Creek State Natural Area
800:
466:that were later logged by the
414:Tryon Creek State Natural Area
256: • coordinates
171: • coordinates
1:
2460:Geography of Portland, Oregon
2298:Tryon Creek Watershed Council
2193:Bishop, Ellen Morris (2003).
1247:
1117:in the creek. Surveys by the
974:Socrates Hotchkiss Tryon, Sr.
747:with the jurisdiction of the
656:, and the steepest slopes of
456:Socrates Hotchkiss Tryon, Sr.
130:Physical characteristics
84:Socrates Hotchkiss Tryon, Sr.
1997:, pp. 13ā16, Chapter 2.
1866:McArthur & McArthur 2003
1720:, pp. 15ā16, Chapter 6.
1708:, pp. 11ā13, Chapter 6.
1667:, pp. 16ā17, Chapter 2.
1301:McArthur & McArthur 2003
929:speakers who lived near the
729:
568:
539:Tryon Creek at Obie's Bridge
435:as it moved west during the
295: • elevation
210: • elevation
86:, who settled nearby in 1850
7:
2026:, pp. 13ā16, Chapter2.
1339:, pp. 1ā7, Chapter 10.
1219:
755:to the west and northwest,
333: • location
307:4.85 mi (7.81 km)
236: • location
151: • location
10:
2491:
2186:
1732:, pp. 2ā7, Chapter 6.
1655:, pp. 5ā9, Chapter 2.
1414:, pp. 1ā5, Chapter 2.
892:
577:
363: • maximum
353: • minimum
343: • average
2429:
2368:
2357:
2338:
1813:"Tryon Creek Report Card"
837:. Diffuse pollution from
685:Battle Ground, Washington
481:
404:(West Hills) through the
371:
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323:
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169:
149:
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129:
115:
105:
95:
90:
79:
50:
38:
26:
21:
1885:Taylor, Barbara (1999).
1242:List of rivers of Oregon
1176:
1062:, western redcedar, and
791:multi-family residential
214:641 ft (195 m)
2283:Friends of Arnold Creek
2234:Oregon Geographic Names
2169:"Maricara Natural Area"
1868:, pp. 203ā04, 684.
1351:, p. 1, Chapter 2.
1127:coastal cutthroat trout
1035:Vegetation and wildlife
869:bacteria, temperature,
299:10 ft (3.0 m)
2113:. Pamplin Media Group.
2080:10.7710/2168-0620.0380
1681:"Tryon Creek Linkages"
1186:
1047:
989:and fir to use in its
902:
835:total suspended solids
819:
739:
646:Columbia River basalts
594:
558:Union Pacific Railroad
540:
278:45.42278Ā°N 122.65667Ā°W
193:45.44694Ā°N 122.72167Ā°W
2406:North Portland Harbor
2386:Crystal Springs Creek
2012:Houck & Cody 2000
1963:"History of the Park"
1499:Tryon Creek Trail Map
1198:Terwilliger Boulevard
1184:
1042:
900:
817:
737:
677:Boring volcanic field
585:
538:
384:in the U.S. state of
45:Tryon Creek watershed
2259:. City of Portland.
1936:on February 17, 2015
1625:on February 26, 2012
1204:trails known as the
1121:in 2002 found coho,
1084:Himalayan blackberry
706:events known as the
669:extensional faulting
611:North American Plate
433:North American Plate
283:45.42278; -122.65667
198:45.44694; -122.72167
1926:"Multnomah Indians"
1282:. November 28, 1980
1113:have been recorded
983:Oregon Iron Company
978:donation land claim
775:Impervious surfaces
714:region of northern
468:Oregon Iron Company
274: /
189: /
1969:on August 17, 2007
1815:. City of Portland
1792:. City of Portland
1769:. City of Portland
1746:. City of Portland
1602:, pp. 226ā29.
1590:, pp. 192ā93.
1547:, pp. 144ā48.
1532:, pp. 101ā02.
1303:, pp. 970ā71.
1187:
1048:
1014:Columbus Day Storm
911:European Americans
903:
887:macroinvertebrates
854:Annual report card
820:
740:
687:, on the north to
627:Tualatin Mountains
623:Oregon Coast Range
595:
541:
431:, acquired by the
402:Tualatin Mountains
143:Tualatin Mountains
2445:
2444:
2401:Multnomah Channel
2204:978-0-88192-789-4
2014:, pp. 48ā50.
1903:on March 12, 2006
1847:on March 20, 2009
1790:"What We Measure"
1517:, pp. 13ā14.
1443:978-1-897152-94-2
1143:great blue herons
1125:, steelhead, and
1044:Western trilliums
724:Willamette Valley
603:Pacific Northwest
496:Multnomah Village
449:Boring Lava Field
406:Multnomah Village
375:
374:
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2470:Rivers of Oregon
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1096:western clematis
939:Willamette Falls
907:Native Americans
871:suspended solids
861:dissolved oxygen
839:nonpoint sources
742:The Tryon Creek
492:Oregon Route 99W
408:neighborhood of
382:Willamette River
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1064:western hemlock
1037:
947:Lewis and Clark
941:at what became
919:Clackamas River
895:
856:
812:
803:
749:State of Oregon
732:
708:Missoula Floods
683:on the west to
671:of the Earth's
644:, eruptions of
599:plate tectonics
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1135:Water striders
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1092:garlic mustard
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1029:matching funds
931:Columbia River
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879:riparian zones
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757:Stephens Creek
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697:Mount Sylvania
654:Hoyt Arboretum
642:Middle Miocene
587:Mount Sylvania
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2092:. Retrieved
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1971:. Retrieved
1967:the original
1938:. Retrieved
1934:the original
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1905:. Retrieved
1898:the original
1893:
1887:"Indian Use"
1861:
1849:. Retrieved
1842:the original
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1567:the original
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1374:. Retrieved
1344:
1314:Google Earth
1308:
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1284:. Retrieved
1269:
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1206:40-Mile Loop
1195:
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1109:Trout, and
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145:(West Hills)
2421:Tryon Creek
2391:Fanno Creek
2376:Balch Creek
2073:(1): 1ā20.
1600:Bishop 2003
1588:Bishop 2003
1545:Bishop 2003
1530:Bishop 2003
1515:Bishop 2003
1470:. TopoQuest
1210:wheelchairs
1171:salamanders
1147:kingfishers
1111:coho salmon
1080:English ivy
1060:Douglas-fir
965:, lived on
943:Oregon City
801:Tributaries
761:Oswego Lake
753:Fanno Creek
720:floodplains
665:Pleistocene
658:Forest Park
613:during the
525:footbridges
443:eruptions,
418:Lake Oswego
378:Tryon Creek
281: /
269:122Ā°39ā²24ā³W
241:Lake Oswego
196: /
184:122Ā°43ā²18ā³W
22:Tryon Creek
2454:Categories
1248:References
1165:are bats,
1076:sword fern
1022:Tom McCall
963:Multnomahs
875:phosphorus
847:stormwater
712:Clark Fork
490:(I-5) and
476:amphibians
472:state park
312:Basin size
266:45Ā°25ā²22ā³N
181:45Ā°26ā²49ā³N
2089:2168-0620
1107:steelhead
1072:fringecup
1068:trilliums
1052:red alder
972:In 1850,
927:Chinookan
923:Clackamas
779:baseflows
770:sea level
744:watershed
730:Watershed
635:Milwaukie
619:seamounts
569:Discharge
529:main stem
445:sediments
429:seamounts
398:Clackamas
394:Multnomah
324:Discharge
124:Clackamas
120:Multnomah
80:Etymology
2261:Archived
2046:April 6,
1973:April 6,
1395:lengths.
1220:See also
1202:greenway
1155:waxwings
1115:spawning
1010:cordwood
951:smallpox
915:Cascades
827:salmonid
681:Tualatin
650:volcanic
625:and the
607:terranes
591:Tualatin
501:culverts
441:volcanic
412:and the
410:Portland
156:Portland
91:Location
2187:Sources
1940:July 4,
1907:July 4,
1819:May 11,
1796:May 10,
1773:May 10,
1750:May 10,
1629:June 8,
1573:June 8,
1474:May 10,
1167:coyotes
1163:mammals
1151:towhees
991:foundry
959:measles
955:malaria
893:History
722:in the
704:ice age
631:basalts
578:Geology
548:(USGS)
499:spaced
425:terrane
96:Country
2267:May 8,
2241:
2220:
2201:
2087:
1440:
1286:May 3,
1157:, and
1094:, and
957:, and
866:E-coli
787:zoning
693:Boring
615:Eocene
482:Course
437:Eocene
386:Oregon
327:
304:Length
249:Oregon
164:Oregon
139:Source
116:County
110:Oregon
2369:Minor
2339:Major
2257:(PDF)
1901:(PDF)
1890:(PDF)
1845:(PDF)
1838:(PDF)
1623:(PDF)
1616:(PDF)
1371:(PDF)
1177:Parks
1159:wrens
995:snags
987:cedar
933:from
795:Metro
716:Idaho
689:Sandy
673:crust
648:from
521:trail
509:right
494:near
460:cedar
224:Mouth
106:State
2269:2009
2239:ISBN
2218:ISBN
2199:ISBN
2177:2009
2155:2009
2133:2009
2096:2022
2085:ISSN
2048:2009
1975:2009
1942:2009
1909:2009
1853:2009
1821:2015
1798:2015
1775:2015
1752:2015
1693:2009
1631:2009
1575:2009
1476:2009
1438:ISBN
1378:2012
1288:2009
691:and
517:left
462:and
396:and
122:and
2075:doi
464:fir
2456::
2083:.
2071:14
2069:.
2065:.
2031:^
2002:^
1983:^
1950:^
1928:.
1917:^
1892:.
1873:^
1672:^
1639:^
1552:^
1537:^
1522:^
1507:^
1484:^
1452:^
1419:^
1400:^
1356:^
1321:^
1278:,
1274:.
1268:.
1255:^
1153:,
1149:,
1145:,
1141:,
1098:.
1090:,
1086:,
1082:,
1058:,
1054:,
1008:,
953:,
881:,
863:,
667:,
247:,
243:,
162:,
158:,
2326:e
2319:t
2312:v
2271:.
2247:.
2226:.
2207:.
2179:.
2157:.
2135:.
2098:.
2077::
2050:.
1977:.
1944:.
1911:.
1855:.
1823:.
1800:.
1777:.
1754:.
1695:.
1633:.
1577:.
1478:.
1446:.
1380:.
1290:.
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