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bands to the leg. A leg bag is usually worn during the day, as it fits discreetly under pants or skirts, and is easily emptied into a toilet. The second type of drainage bag is a larger device called a down drain that may be used overnight. This device is hung on a hook under the patient's bed—never
492:
There is no clear evidence that any one catheter type or insertion technique is superior compared to another in preventing infections or complications. In the UK it is generally accepted that cleaning the area surrounding the urethral meatus with 0.9% sodium chloride solution is sufficient for both
194:(F). The most common sizes are 10 F (3.3mm) to 28 F (9.3mm). The clinician selects a size large enough to allow free flow of urine, and large enough to control leakage of urine around the catheter. A larger size is necessary when the urine is thick, bloody, or contains large amounts of
430:
with catheterization and may be more common in males. If bladder spasms occur, or there is no urine in the drainage bag, the catheter may be blocked by blood, thick sediment, or a kink in the catheter or drainage tubing. Sometimes spasms are caused by the catheter irritating the bladder,
311:
A catheter that is left in place for more than a short period of time is generally attached to a drainage bag to collect the urine. This also allows for measurement of urine volume. There are three types of drainage bags: The first is a leg bag, a smaller drainage device that attaches by
317:
placed on the floor, due to the risk of bacterial infection. The third is called a belly bag and is secured around the waist. This bag can be worn at all times. It can be worn under the patient's underwear to provide a totally undetectable look.
232:
due to damage to the spinal cord or brain. This can be performed by the patient four to six times a day, using a clean technique. Nurses use a sterile technique to perform intermittent catheterization in hospital settings. For patients with
160:
An intermittent catheter/Robinson catheter is a flexible catheter that is removed after each use. Unlike the Foley catheter, it has no balloon on its tip and therefore cannot stay in place unaided. These can be non-coated or coated (e.g.,
157:) is retained by means of a balloon at the tip that is inflated with sterile water. The balloons typically come in two different sizes: 5 cm and 30 cm. They are commonly made in silicone rubber or natural rubber.
237:
due to spinal cord injury, intermittent catheterization (IC) is a standard method for bladder emptying. The technique is safe and effective and results in improved kidney and upper urinary tract status, lessening of
329:
are often catheterized and may remain so for some time. The patient may require irrigation of the bladder with sterile saline injected through the catheter to flush out clots or other matter that does not drain.
198:. Larger catheters, however, are more likely to damage the urethra. Some people develop allergies or sensitivities to latex after long-term latex catheter use making it necessary to use silicone or Teflon types.
320:
During long-term use, the catheter may be left in place all the time, or a patient may be instructed on a procedure for placing a catheter just long enough to empty the bladder and then removing it (known as
403:. Because of this risk catheterization is a last resort for the management of incontinence where other measures have proved unsuccessful. Other long term complications may include blood infections (
918:
Shore ND, Dineen MK, Saslawsky MJ, Lumerman JH, Corica AP (March 2007). "A temporary intraurethral prostatic stent relieves prostatic obstruction following transurethral microwave thermotherapy".
399:
Catheterization can have short and long term complications. Generally long-term catheterization carries higher risk of complications. Long-term catheterization carries a significant risk of
242:
and amelioration of continence. In addition to the clinical benefits, patient quality of life is enhanced by the increased independence and security offered by self-catheterization.
133:, usually performs the procedure, but self-catheterization is also possible. A catheter may be in place for long periods of time (indwelling catheter) or removed after each use (
179:. This is useful following endoscopic surgical procedures, or in the case of gross hematuria. There are both two-way and three-way hematuria catheters (double and triple lumen).
225:), urinary incontinence that may compromise the ability to heal wounds, and the effects of various surgical interventions involving the bladder, prostate, or bowel.
523:
as urinary catheters to overcome blockages, and catheterization to relieve urinary retention has also been described in ancient Indian and
Chinese texts.
168:
A coudé catheter, including
Tiemann's catheter, is designed with a curved tip that makes it easier to pass through the curvature of the prostatic urethra.
408:
665:
Hedlund H, HjelmĂĄs K, Jonsson O, Klarskov P, Talja M (February 2001). "Hydrophilic versus non-coated catheters for intermittent catheterization".
46:
1025:
708:
Lapides J, Diokno AC, Silber SJ, Lowe BS (March 1972). "Clean, intermittent self-catheterization in the treatment of urinary tract disease".
125:
to drain from the bladder for collection. It may also be used to inject liquids used for treatment or diagnosis of bladder conditions. A
997:
991:
221:, orthopedic procedures that may limit a patient's movement, the need for accurate monitoring of input and output (such as in an
902:
790:
380:
493:
male and female patients as there is no reliable evidence to suggest that the use of antiseptic agents reduces the risk of
356:
344:
504:
have been viewed as a possible alternative to indwelling catheterization and the infections associated with their use.
459:
Everyday care of the catheter and drainage bag is important to reduce the risk of infection. Such precautions include:
1018:
596:
571:
183:
1346:
782:
292:
368:
953:
Nahon, I; Waddington, G; Dorey, G; Adams, R (2011). "The history of urologic surgery: from reeds to robotics".
234:
229:
280:
1204:
1063:
1011:
218:
134:
1381:
1209:
154:
1296:
1003:
838:"Intermittent catheter techniques, strategies and designs for managing long-term bladder conditions"
1239:
1056:
548:
475:
Keeping the drainage bag connector as clean as possible and cleaning the drainage bag periodically.
202:
53:
1281:
494:
400:
222:
1291:
1095:
814:
622:"Types of indwelling urethral catheters for short-term catheterisation in hospitalised adults"
1249:
1161:
466:
Cleansing the urethral area (the area where the catheter exits body) and the catheter itself.
239:
191:
488:
Sexual activity is very high risk for urinary infections, especially for catheterized women.
1254:
1128:
836:
Prieto, Jacqui A.; Murphy, Catherine L.; Stewart, Fiona; Fader, Mandy (October 26, 2021).
268:
8:
1259:
642:
621:
256:
1376:
1301:
1214:
870:
837:
771:
690:
186:
can be used by males and carries a lower risk of infection than an indwelling catheter.
721:
30:
1339:
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898:
875:
857:
796:
786:
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682:
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602:
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451:, although most patients eventually adjust to the irritation and the spasms go away.
436:
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41:
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73:
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59:
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150:
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939:
879:
778:
756:
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651:
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102:
817:. MedlinePlus, the National Institutes of Health's Web site. March 9, 2010
729:
1334:
1286:
1189:
1184:
1090:
1078:
1051:
440:
162:
67:
485:
Drinking sufficient liquid to produce at least two litres of urine daily
478:
Use of a thin catheter where possible to reduce the risk of harming the
213:
Common indications for urinary catheterization include acute or chronic
83:
1351:
1306:
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1156:
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176:
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1033:
416:
313:
172:
126:
620:
Lam TB, Omar MI, Fisher E, Gillies K, MacLennan S (September 2014).
463:
Urinary catheterization should be done in a sterile aseptic manner.
432:
195:
110:
106:
800:
469:
Disconnecting the drainage bag from catheter only with clean hands
1176:
479:
326:
118:
895:
The Royal
Marsden Hospital Manual of Clinical Nursing Procedures
606:
591:(2nd ed.). Springhouse, Pa.: Springhouse Corp. p. 97.
1110:
1043:
404:
228:
Intermittent self-catheterization may be indicated in cases of
201:
Evidence does not support an important decrease in the risk of
664:
444:
130:
122:
98:
917:
16:
Insertion of a catheter through the urethra to drain urine
952:
892:
835:
447:. Such spasms can be controlled with medication such as
175:
catheter is a type of Foley catheter used for Post-TURP
773:
Best practices : evidence-based nursing procedures
707:
217:(which can damage the kidneys) from conditions such as
743:
Winder A (2002). "Intermittent self-catheterisation".
472:
Disconnecting the drainage bag as seldom as possible.
619:
770:
542:
500:Recent developments in the field of the temporary
1368:
893:Dougherty Lisa; Lister Sara (August 15, 2011).
561:
1019:
911:
842:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
701:
658:
1026:
1012:
29:
946:
869:
736:
641:
145:Catheters come in several basic designs:
543:Hanno PM, Wein AJ, Malkowicz SB (2001).
886:
538:
536:
454:
350:How to properly drain a condom catheter
306:
1369:
742:
613:
419:). After many years of catheter use,
362:How to properly drain a Foley catheter
205:when silver-alloy catheters are used.
1007:
586:
519:physicians have been described using
533:
190:Catheter diameters are sized by the
35:Urinary catheterization with a dummy
1034:Tests and procedures involving the
1000:, Merck Manual Professional Edition
994:, Merck Manual Professional Edition
386:How to empty a urinary drainage bag
13:
14:
1398:
985:
783:Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
564:Urology: Problems in Primary Care
323:intermittent self-catheterization
140:
1347:Extracorporeal shockwave therapy
394:
379:
367:
355:
343:
291:
279:
267:
255:
967:10.7257/1053-816X.2011.31.3.173
829:
854:10.1002/14651858.CD006008.pub5
807:
763:
634:10.1002/14651858.CD004013.pub4
580:
555:
374:Closed urinary drainage method
208:
1:
722:10.1016/s0022-5347(17)61055-3
526:
325:). Patients undergoing major
1205:Artificial urinary sphincter
1064:Percutaneous nephrolithotomy
992:Female urinary catherization
219:benign prostatic hyperplasia
135:intermittent catheterization
7:
1210:Urethral bulking injections
566:. Medical Economics Books.
298:Female Self-Catheterization
155:indwelling urinary catheter
10:
1403:
1297:Voiding cystourethrography
998:Male urinary catherization
932:10.1016/j.juro.2006.10.059
626:Cochrane Database Syst Rev
545:Clinical manual of urology
507:
415:, and blood in the urine (
1317:
1230:
1223:
1175:
1147:
1109:
1042:
897:. John Wiley & Sons.
679:10.1080/00365590151030822
286:Male Self-Catheterization
165:coated and ready to use).
80:
66:
52:
40:
28:
23:
1240:Urinary tract ultrasound
549:McGraw-Hill Professional
203:urinary tract infections
109:tube known as a urinary
1325:Urinary catheterization
1282:Radioisotope renography
667:Scand. J. Urol. Nephrol
562:Elroy D. Kursh (1987).
495:urinary tract infection
426:Some people experience
401:urinary tract infection
95:urinary catheterization
24:Urinary catheterization
1292:Retrograde urethrogram
1096:Kidney transplantation
1162:Suprapubic cystostomy
240:vesicoureteral reflux
192:French catheter scale
113:is inserted into the
1129:Ureterosigmoidostomy
455:Preventing infection
307:Catheter maintenance
815:"Urinary catheters"
423:may also develop.
1382:Medical treatments
1302:Urodynamic testing
1215:Cystourethrography
411:, skin breakdown,
235:neurogenic bladder
230:neurogenic bladder
1364:
1363:
1360:
1359:
1340:Laser lithotripsy
1195:Urethral sounding
1124:Urinary diversion
904:978-1-4443-3509-5
792:978-1-58255-532-4
587:Black MA (1994).
482:during insertion.
215:urinary retention
91:
90:
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955:Urologic Nursing
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848:(10): CD006008.
833:
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777:(2nd ed.).
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449:butylscopolamine
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84:edit on Wikidata
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628:(9): CD004013.
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502:prostatic stent
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598:0-87434-738-6
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573:9780874894196
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551:. p. 78.
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1139:Ureteroscopy
1134:Ureterolysis
1119:Ureterostomy
1086:Renal biopsy
1057:percutaneous
958:
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888:
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819:. Retrieved
809:
779:Philadelphia
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748:
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738:
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673:(1): 49–53.
670:
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200:
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144:
117:through the
103:polyurethane
94:
92:
18:
1335:Lithotripsy
1287:Cystography
1250:Intravenous
1190:Urethrotomy
1185:Urethropexy
1091:Nephrectomy
1079:Nephroscopy
1052:Nephrostomy
821:December 1,
335:Maintenance
209:Indications
163:hydrophilic
68:MedlinePlus
1371:Categories
1352:Urinalysis
1307:Cystometry
1272:CT urogram
1255:Retrograde
1167:Cystoscopy
1157:Cystectomy
1101:Nephropexy
1069:Nephrotomy
801:2006012245
751:(48): 50.
745:Nurs Times
527:References
177:hemostasis
129:, often a
1377:Catheters
1260:Antegrade
1245:Pyelogram
1074:Endoscopy
862:1469-493X
695:218867279
417:hematuria
173:hematuria
127:clinician
121:to allow
975:21805756
940:17296408
880:34699062
785:. 2007.
757:12501532
687:11291688
652:25248140
643:11197149
607:94035389
433:prostate
196:sediment
111:catheter
107:silicone
42:ICD-9-CM
1387:Urology
1232:Imaging
1224:General
1177:Urethra
1149:Bladder
920:J. Urol
871:8547544
730:5010715
710:J. Urol
508:History
480:urethra
327:surgery
314:elastic
119:urethra
115:bladder
60:D014546
1111:Ureter
1044:Kidney
973:
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878:
868:
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799:
789:
755:
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693:
685:
650:
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570:
405:sepsis
74:003981
1318:Other
691:S2CID
521:reeds
517:Roman
445:vulva
441:penis
439:, or
131:nurse
123:urine
105:, or
99:latex
82:[
47:57.94
971:PMID
936:PMID
899:ISBN
876:PMID
858:ISSN
846:2021
823:2010
797:LCCN
787:ISBN
753:PMID
726:PMID
683:PMID
648:PMID
603:LCCN
593:ISBN
568:ISBN
515:and
97:, a
54:MeSH
1265:Gas
963:doi
928:doi
924:177
866:PMC
850:doi
718:doi
714:107
675:doi
638:PMC
630:doi
407:),
223:ICU
137:).
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182:A
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101:,
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