1312:
1089:
446:
421:
117:
103:
407:
762:
Chamberlain. His official residence was in
Carpentras. He had no authority over Avignon, however, which was administered by a Cardinal Legate or a Vice-Legate, also appointed directly by the Pope. Gradually, however, the power of the Vice-Legate encroached on that of the Rector, until the Cardinal virtually held the position of a governor, and the Rector had the functions of a judge. In both cases their tenure was for a period of three years, renewable.
157:
148:
772:
The administration of the Comtat was in the hands of the
Estates of the Comtat, which consisted of the Ălu (a nobleman), the Bishop of Carpentras, the Bishop of Cavaillon, the Bishop of Vaison, and eighteen representatives of the three judicial districts into which the Comtat was divided. The Estates
765:
The Rector had the right to receive the feudal oaths of homage of all the papal vassals. He also had the right to receive the oaths of bishops who held property by virtue of their office which was in feudal tenure from the pope. The Rector named the
Notaries of the Comtat. He presided at the
761:
From 1294 to 1791 the chief administrator of the Comtat
Venaissin was the Rector, who was appointed directly by the Pope. Most of the incumbents were in fact prelates, either Archbishops or Bishops, and the Rector therefore had the right to wear a purple garb, similar to that of an Apostolic
766:
negotiation and payment of revenues of the
Apostolic Chamber. His court was the Supreme Court of the Comtat Venaissin, and he had both criminal and civil jurisdiction of the first instance, and appellate jurisdiction from the courts of the regular judges of the three judicial circuits.
776:
The
Apostolic Camera (Treasury of the Holy Roman Church) had a permanent office in Carpentras, with full jurisdiction in all financial matters concerning the rights of the Holy See in the Comtat. This included the obligations of bishops and other ecclesiastical persons to the papacy.
705:
Successive French rulers sought to annex the region to France. It was invaded by French troops in 1663, 1668 and 1768â1774 during disputes between the Crown and the Church. It was also subjected to trade and customs restrictions during the reigns of
657:
1055:
1622:
1077:
769:
The Rector was seconded by a Vice-Rector, named the
Lieutenant of the Rector, also a papal appointee. He had judicial powers similar to those of the Rector.
1612:
1582:
1085:
721:, under pressure from French revolutionaries, was held and the inhabitants voted for annexation by France. The process was facilitated by
1070:
116:
1587:
1577:
1311:
122:
1063:
1024:
970:
936:
Histoire du gouvernement des
Recteurs pontificaux dans le Comtat-Venaissin: D'aprĂšs les notes recueillies par Charles Cottier
830:
1477:
676:
were joined together to form a unified papal enclave geographically, though retaining their separate political identities.
1592:
599:
512:
878:
Notes sur la chronologie des vice-légats d'Avignon au XVIe siÚcle: extrait des Mémoires de l'Académie de
Vaucluse
1538:
684:
603:
683:, making life in the Comtat considerably more attractive than under the French Crown. It became a haven for
102:
607:
619:
271:
1211:
1191:
615:
108:
17:
1617:
722:
1482:
1607:
1121:
951:
661:
581:
992:
1602:
1467:
1336:
820:
734:
439:
342:
1502:
1487:
1226:
1166:
758:
Under the Counts of
Toulouse, the chief officer of the Comtat Venaissin was the Seneschal.
1517:
743:
206:
8:
1291:
1241:
1221:
1136:
1093:
1048:
Histoire de la révolution d'Avignon et du Comté-Venaissin, en 1789 & années suivantes
707:
360:
328:
1472:
1331:
1111:
945:
711:
669:
635:
412:
315:
1597:
1161:
1097:
1088:
1020:
966:
826:
695:
611:
529:
248:
245:
229:
947:
Histoire des protestants de Provence, comtat Venaissin et de la principauté d'Orange
1301:
1236:
699:
680:
490:
65:
1181:
1046:
1035:
1014:
1003:
981:
960:
934:
876:
866:
687:, who received better treatment under papal rule than in the rest of France. The
518:
485:
211:
50:
1492:
1206:
1186:
571:
426:
80:
983:
Histoire des réunions temporaires d'Avignon et du Comtat Venaissin à la France
750:
for the southern half. The papacy did not recognise this formally until 1814.
1571:
1553:
1540:
1246:
1146:
994:
Dictionnaire géographique, historique et politique des Gaules et de la France
786:
642:
553:
506:
167:
1356:
1261:
1396:
1151:
631:
378:
258:
1411:
1406:
1391:
1386:
1361:
1176:
1446:
1286:
718:
688:
672:, Queen of Naples and Countess of Provence, in 1348, whereupon the two
650:
347:
297:
189:
871:(in Latin). Vol. Tomus primus. Paris: Coignard. pp. 841â850.
565:
156:
1497:
1371:
1366:
1251:
1216:
1116:
691:
242:
239:
694:, built in the 14th century, is the oldest in France, and until the
679:
The enclave's inhabitants did not pay taxes and were not subject to
1451:
1436:
1426:
1416:
1296:
1281:
1256:
1231:
1156:
730:
646:
627:
183:
147:
1141:
543:
1401:
1341:
1326:
1271:
1201:
1196:
1171:
747:
623:
559:
547:
533:
525:
310:
170:
965:. Published for the Littman Library by Oxford University Press.
1421:
1376:
1346:
1276:
1266:
1126:
997:(in French). Vol. Tome II. Amsterdam: Desaint et Saillant.
464:
1512:
1507:
1441:
1431:
1381:
1351:
1131:
726:
656:
216:
874:
868:
Gallia christiana, in provincias ecclesiasticas distributa
717:
Papal control continued until 1791, when an unauthorized
135:
57:
863:
A list of the Legates and Vice-Legates can be found in:
822:
Clement VI: The Pontificate and Ideas of an Avignon Pope
645:
in 1274. The region was named after its former capital,
1008:(in French). Vedene: Comptoir Général du Livre Occitan.
864:
590:, although this no longer has any political meaning.
990:
630:
on his death in 1271. Since this happened during an
1040:(in French). Carpentras: Imprimerie de D.G. Quenin.
1001:
1037:Mémoire statistique sur le département de Vaucluse
1016:Les juifs du Pape: Avignon et le Comtat Venaissin
1569:
1033:
825:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 47â50.
584:. The region is still known informally as the
1623:States and territories disestablished in 1791
1071:
585:
575:
563:
551:
537:
510:
499:
474:
42:
1019:(in French). Paris: Editions Albin Michel.
809:. New York, Fordham University Press, 1967.
497:; 'County of Venaissin'), often called the
72:
1583:States and territories established in 1274
1078:
1064:
818:
580:also bordered (and mostly surrounded) the
155:
146:
1005:Le Comtat Venaissin pontifical: 1229-1791
979:
532:, comprising the area around the city of
27:Enclave of the Papal States within France
1044:
1012:
1002:Mouliérac-Lamoureux, Rose Leone (1977).
655:
562:located to the north around the town of
958:
14:
1570:
950:(in French). Paris: Grassart. p.
943:
509:from 1274 to 1791, in what is now the
1613:History of Provence-Alpes-CĂŽte d'Azur
1059:
932:
484:
939:(in French). Carpentras: Devillario.
875:Roger Vallentin Du Cheylard (1890).
598:In 1096, the Comtat was part of the
74:Pagus Vendascinus/Venuxini Comitatus
773:held their meetings at Carpentras.
649:, which was replaced as capital by
24:
668:Avignon was sold to the papacy by
123:Coat of arms of the Avignon Papacy
25:
1634:
1034:SĂ©guin de Pazzis, Maxime (1808).
986:(in French). Paris: Calmann LĂ©vy.
753:
1588:History of Catholicism in France
1578:1791 disestablishments in Europe
1310:
1087:
1051:(in French). Paris: Seguin aßné.
444:
419:
405:
141:("For the Pope, for the nation")
115:
101:
926:
865:Denis de Sainte-Marthe (1715).
660:Map showing the Comtat and the
913:
904:
895:
886:
857:
848:
839:
812:
799:
13:
1:
991:Expilly, Jean-Joseph (1764).
792:
604:Raymond IV, Count of Toulouse
505:for short, was a part of the
608:William Bertrand of Provence
316:Joanna, Countess of Provence
7:
1461:Foreign territories in 1789
1320:Minor provinces and regions
881:(in French). Seguin frĂšres.
780:
620:Alphonse, Count of Poitiers
10:
1639:
1593:Former provinces of France
1045:Soullier, Charles (1844).
980:Charpenne, Pierre (1886).
962:The carriĂšre of Carpentras
959:Calmann, Marianne (1984).
700:Provençal Jewish tradition
638:to protect Joan's rights.
616:Joan, Countess of Toulouse
593:
536:(itself always a separate
513:Provence-Alpes-CĂŽte d'Azur
285:âą Acquired by papacy
137:Per lo Papa, per la nacion
1460:
1319:
1308:
1104:
576:
564:
552:
511:
460:
384:
374:
370:
357:
339:
325:
307:
293:
283:
268:
264:
254:
235:
225:
199:
176:
163:
154:
145:
131:
97:
92:
34:
919:Expilly, p. 92 column 2.
910:SĂ©guin de Pazzis, p. 32.
892:SĂ©guin de Pazzis, p. 19.
854:Expilly, p. 92 column 1.
723:Pierre-Antoine Antonelle
698:preserved a distinctive
109:Flag of the Papal States
1013:Moulinas, René (1992).
944:Arnaud, EugĂšne (1884).
807:The Albigensian Crusade
600:Margraviate of Provence
295:âą Capital moved to
665:
662:Principality of Orange
602:that was inherited by
586:
582:Principality of Orange
542:) roughly between the
538:
500:
494:
486:[kÉÌtavÉnÉsÉÌ]
475:
136:
73:
58:
43:
1478:Menton and Roquebrune
933:André, J. F. (1847).
738:was created based on
729:. A few years later,
659:
610:. These lands in the
482:French pronunciation:
440:French First Republic
341:âą Reversed into
200:Common languages
1227:Lorraine and Barrois
1094:Historical provinces
641:The Comtat became a
1550: /
1105:General governments
901:Expilly, pp. 91â92.
819:Diana Wood (2002).
618:, and her husband,
361:Treaty of Tolentino
335:1663, 1668, 1768â74
805:Madaule, Jacques.
746:and a part of the
744:exclave of Valréas
666:
636:Holy Roman Emperor
524:The region was an
495:lo Comtat Venaicin
413:County of Toulouse
1533:
1532:
1026:978-2-226-05866-9
972:978-0-19-710037-0
832:978-0-521-89411-1
696:French Revolution
612:Holy Roman Empire
530:Kingdom of France
470:
469:
456:
455:
452:
451:
432:
431:
353:14 September 1791
274:Count of Poitiers
249:absolute monarchy
230:Roman Catholicism
16:(Redirected from
1630:
1565:
1564:
1562:
1561:
1560:
1555:
1554:44.083°N 5.000°E
1551:
1548:
1547:
1546:
1543:
1525:Comtat Venaissin
1521:
1314:
1092:
1091:
1080:
1073:
1066:
1057:
1056:
1052:
1041:
1030:
1009:
998:
987:
976:
955:
940:
920:
917:
911:
908:
902:
899:
893:
890:
884:
882:
872:
861:
855:
852:
846:
843:
837:
836:
816:
810:
803:
740:Comtat Venaissin
725:, then mayor of
681:military service
589:
587:Comtat Venaissin
579:
578:
569:
568:
557:
556:
541:
516:
515:
503:
488:
483:
478:
476:Comtat Venaissin
448:
447:
436:
435:
423:
422:
409:
408:
402:
401:
386:
385:
270:âą Death of
159:
150:
139:
119:
105:
84:
76:
69:
61:
54:
46:
44:Comtat Venaissin
36:Comtat Venaissin
32:
31:
21:
1638:
1637:
1633:
1632:
1631:
1629:
1628:
1627:
1618:Former exclaves
1568:
1567:
1558:
1556:
1552:
1549:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1537:
1536:
1534:
1529:
1515:
1456:
1315:
1306:
1100:
1086:
1084:
1027:
973:
929:
924:
923:
918:
914:
909:
905:
900:
896:
891:
887:
862:
858:
853:
849:
845:Expilly, p. 91.
844:
840:
833:
817:
813:
804:
800:
795:
783:
756:
643:Papal territory
634:, there was no
596:
519:Southern France
481:
445:
420:
406:
363:
350:
345:
332:
318:
314:
300:
296:
286:
276:
273:
221:
195:
140:
127:
126:
125:
120:
112:
111:
106:
88:
87:
78:
63:
59:Comtat Venessin
48:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1636:
1626:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1608:Avignon Papacy
1605:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1585:
1580:
1531:
1530:
1528:
1527:
1522:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1495:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1475:
1470:
1464:
1462:
1458:
1457:
1455:
1454:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1329:
1323:
1321:
1317:
1316:
1309:
1307:
1305:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1108:
1106:
1102:
1101:
1083:
1082:
1075:
1068:
1060:
1054:
1053:
1042:
1031:
1025:
1010:
999:
988:
977:
971:
956:
941:
928:
925:
922:
921:
912:
903:
894:
885:
856:
847:
838:
831:
811:
797:
796:
794:
791:
790:
789:
782:
779:
755:
754:Administration
752:
742:including the
595:
592:
572:Pope John XXII
558:, and a small
468:
467:
462:
458:
457:
454:
453:
450:
449:
442:
433:
430:
429:
427:Avignon Papacy
424:
416:
415:
410:
398:
397:
392:
382:
381:
376:
372:
371:
368:
367:
364:
358:
355:
354:
351:
340:
337:
336:
333:
326:
323:
322:
319:
313:purchased from
308:
305:
304:
301:
294:
291:
290:
287:
284:
281:
280:
279:21 August 1271
277:
269:
266:
265:
262:
261:
256:
255:Historical era
252:
251:
237:
233:
232:
227:
223:
222:
220:
219:
214:
209:
203:
201:
197:
196:
194:
193:
187:
180:
178:
174:
173:
165:
161:
160:
152:
151:
143:
142:
129:
128:
121:
114:
113:
107:
100:
99:
98:
95:
94:
90:
89:
86:
85:
70:
55:
39:
38:
35:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1635:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1581:
1579:
1576:
1575:
1573:
1566:
1563:
1559:44.083; 5.000
1526:
1523:
1519:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1494:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1465:
1463:
1459:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1324:
1322:
1318:
1313:
1303:
1302:Trois-ĂvĂȘchĂ©s
1300:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1288:
1285:
1283:
1280:
1278:
1275:
1273:
1270:
1268:
1265:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1253:
1250:
1248:
1247:Lower Navarre
1245:
1243:
1240:
1238:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1228:
1225:
1223:
1220:
1218:
1215:
1213:
1212:Ăle-de-France
1210:
1208:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1198:
1195:
1193:
1192:Franche-Comté
1190:
1188:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1178:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1140:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1109:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1090:
1081:
1076:
1074:
1069:
1067:
1062:
1061:
1058:
1050:
1049:
1043:
1039:
1038:
1032:
1028:
1022:
1018:
1017:
1011:
1007:
1006:
1000:
996:
995:
989:
985:
984:
978:
974:
968:
964:
963:
957:
953:
949:
948:
942:
938:
937:
931:
930:
916:
907:
898:
889:
880:
879:
870:
869:
860:
851:
842:
834:
828:
824:
823:
815:
808:
802:
798:
788:
785:
784:
778:
774:
770:
767:
763:
759:
751:
749:
745:
741:
737:
736:
732:
728:
724:
720:
715:
713:
709:
703:
701:
697:
693:
690:
686:
682:
677:
675:
671:
663:
658:
654:
652:
648:
644:
639:
637:
633:
629:
625:
621:
617:
613:
609:
605:
601:
591:
588:
583:
573:
570:purchased by
567:
561:
555:
549:
545:
540:
535:
531:
527:
522:
520:
514:
508:
504:
502:
496:
492:
487:
479:
477:
466:
463:
461:Today part of
459:
443:
441:
438:
437:
434:
428:
425:
418:
417:
414:
411:
404:
403:
400:
399:
396:
393:
391:
388:
387:
383:
380:
377:
373:
369:
365:
362:
356:
352:
349:
344:
338:
334:
330:
324:
320:
317:
312:
306:
302:
299:
292:
288:
282:
278:
275:
267:
263:
260:
257:
253:
250:
247:
244:
241:
238:
234:
231:
228:
224:
218:
215:
213:
210:
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205:
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33:
30:
19:
1603:Papal States
1535:
1524:
1047:
1036:
1015:
1004:
993:
982:
961:
946:
935:
927:Bibliography
915:
906:
897:
888:
877:
867:
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821:
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787:Papal States
775:
771:
768:
764:
760:
757:
739:
733:
716:
704:
678:
673:
667:
640:
614:belonged to
597:
554:Mont Ventoux
523:
507:Papal States
498:
473:
471:
395:Succeeded by
394:
389:
133:Motto:
132:
29:
1557: /
1516: [
1503:Sarrewerden
1483:Montbéliard
1152:Bourbonnais
735:département
685:French Jews
632:interregnum
622:. Alphonse
528:within the
390:Preceded by
379:Roman scudo
331:occupation
259:Middle Ages
192:(1320â1791)
186:(1274-1320)
1572:Categories
1447:Vermandois
1337:Beaujolais
1287:Roussillon
793:References
719:plebiscite
689:Carpentras
651:Carpentras
626:it to the
624:bequeathed
517:region of
348:plebiscite
298:Carpentras
243:theocratic
236:Government
190:Carpentras
1498:Salm-Salm
1372:Couserans
1367:Comminges
1357:Cambrésis
1292:Saintonge
1262:Orléanais
1252:Nivernais
1217:Languedoc
1167:Champagne
1117:Angoumois
708:Louis XIV
692:synagogue
653:in 1320.
272:Alphonse,
226:Religion
207:Provençal
93:1274â1791
18:Venaissin
1598:Vaucluse
1488:Mulhouse
1468:Créhange
1452:Vivarais
1437:Valromey
1427:Rouergue
1417:Ponthieu
1412:PĂ©rigord
1407:NĂ©bouzan
1392:GĂ©vaudan
1387:GĂątinais
1362:CĂ©vennes
1332:Armagnac
1297:Touraine
1282:Provence
1257:Normandy
1232:Lyonnais
1222:Limousin
1182:Flanders
1177:Dauphiné
1162:Burgundy
1157:Brittany
1137:Auvergne
781:See also
731:Vaucluse
712:Louis XV
670:Joanna I
647:Venasque
628:Holy See
375:Currency
246:elective
184:Venasque
1402:Labourd
1342:Bigorre
1327:Agenais
1272:Picardy
1207:Hainaut
1202:Guyenne
1197:Gascony
1172:Corsica
748:Luberon
674:comtats
664:in 1547
594:History
566:Valréas
560:exclave
548:Durance
534:Avignon
526:enclave
491:Occitan
359:âą
327:âą
311:Avignon
309:âą
177:Capital
171:enclave
66:Occitan
1542:44°5âČN
1422:Quercy
1377:Dombes
1347:Bresse
1277:Poitou
1267:Perche
1242:Marche
1127:Artois
1112:Alsace
1098:France
1023:
969:
873:, and
829:
577:Comtat
574:. The
546:, the
539:comtat
501:Comtat
465:France
343:France
329:French
240:Feudal
212:French
164:Status
77:
62:
51:French
47:
1545:5°0âČE
1520:]
1513:Tende
1508:Savoy
1442:Velay
1432:Soule
1382:Forez
1352:Bugey
1237:Maine
1147:Berry
1142:BĂ©arn
1132:Aunis
1122:Anjou
727:Arles
606:from
544:RhĂŽne
217:Latin
168:Papal
81:Latin
1493:Nice
1473:Dabo
1187:Foix
1021:ISBN
967:ISBN
827:ISBN
710:and
550:and
472:The
366:1797
321:1348
303:1320
289:1274
1397:Gex
1096:of
952:140
346:by
1574::
1518:fr
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702:.
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489:;
1079:e
1072:t
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