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development, as a medium for dramatic expression, Mr. Lincoln achieved success as a maker of photodramas. Undaunted by the-fact that studio facilities were confined to improvisations of one sort and another, that practical experience was only to be acquired by spending money and risking failure, he stuck to his work, and secured results that, were the more to be commended in that they were obtained under such' discouraging conditions. That
Australia could not keep pace in the general upward trend in production, was not the fault of Lincoln and others who strove to establish the industry here.
500:(1916). The shoot was not easy and Lincoln was unwell during filming. However Mary Bateman later wrote, "Lincoln was a talented director and this film shows the maturity he had reached in film production" adding that the movie "has a haunting beauty. The long camera shots, interior lighting and sophisticated direction mark him as a particularly sensitive and advanced director for that time."
118:
film stories, -Mr
Lincoln's work was carried on under conditions that might well have daunted the most sanguine. That he made admirable use of the materials that lay to his hand is generally admitted, and in some of his earlier productions he achieved a technical standard that was little if at all inferior to the output of the overseas studios at that time.
411:(1913). Australian films were now struggling to compete with American product β according to one report, the meteoric progress made in the development of moving pictures in America, due chiefly to the exploiting of the growing popular taste for this form of entertainment by wealthy organisations, quickly left the Australian product behind."
470:
In
October 1915 it was announced that Lincoln "has been in poor health lately, and has had to take things quietly. He is contemplating spending a few weeks at one of the mountain resorts, and while there will looks over, manuscripts of some big film, factories which are under consideration for future
450:
Lincoln was originally supposed to direct for
Williamsons as well but according to Mary Bateman, "Lincolnβs drinking appears to have been uncontrollable for a period during his association with Williamsonβs, and there were fears he would be unable to fulfil his obligations to them." His caused him to
210:
According to
Lincoln's obituary "He worked with Meynell, Gunn and Clarke in their early days" (the Meynell and Gunn Dramatic Company). He did this from 1906 to 1909. In 1907 Harold Bessett went bankrupt. He blamed Lincoln, his manager, but Lincoln denied this. He then became the theatrical manager of
528:
One of the stoutest champions of
Australian moving picture production. Although his sanguine views of the business as a profitable investment were not shared by all his friends, it was conceded by everyone who kn6w him, that he had the courage of his convictions. In the early years of moving picture
342:
Another article wrote
Lincoln "had an undoubted capacity for .writing scenarios, and he had an excellent dramatic company, so that he produced quite a number of photo-plays. There were some big fakes in then occasionally, as when the St. Kilda railway station did duty for the great Euston station of
227:
According to historian Mary
Bateman, "By 1909, he was well versed in almost every facet of the theatrical and moving picture world. He was not, however, noted for his business acumen. One of his difficulties, wrote Theatre, was detail; he could never itemize an expense account... had a good sense
117:
His faith in the possibilities of
Australia as a centre of' activity in moving picture production was unbounded, and for many years past he had devoted his energies chiefly to the realisation of this conviction. In common with others with whom he was at different periods associated in the making of
354:
A 1913 article called
Lincoln "a captivating conversationalist". Mary Bateman says around this time that "It is logical, given Lincolnβs film experience and undoubted talent as a writer and producer, and his knowledge, that there was no outlet for his creative ability within his present position."
350:
The Taits withdrew from film production around 1912 to focus on importing and distributing overseas films, which was cheaper than making local movies. In 1912 Lincoln became publicity manager of Amalgamated. The following year he bought out Amalgamated Picture's interest in the "Paradise" theatre.
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to make films as the Lincoln-Cass Film Company. According to a contemporary report "Mr. Lincoln has the literary taste, the business qualifications, and wide experience as a showman to justify him in taking this step." Lincoln said "they were Australians, and hopeful of interesting the public in
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323:
In later writing about these films Lincoln said "I am... in a somewhat awkward position in appraising their merits, but in justice to those who assisted in these productions, I may say that their work under discouraging conditions, Is entitled to the highest commendation."
122:
Film historians Graham Shirley and Brian Adams wrote that Lincoln's films "were more like stage tableaux than films. However, with the right ingredients at their disposal the best of Lincoln's early productions were well-received".
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446:
Lincoln " succeeded in producing a strong story of German intrigue and cunning, of patriotism and valor all happening within our gates. Startling as the story is, it is made to appear quite feasible."
565:
Lincoln married Pearl Ireland (d. 4 February 1943) in 1896 β they were described as "a runaway match". They had one child, a daughter Marguerite ("Madge") (1897β1972). His daughter married in 1923.
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that "They were very cheaply produced (the cost per film was between Β£300 and Β£400), and Johnson and Gibson must have done well out of them, although they were not first-class. How could they be?"
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Australian pictures. With the interest of the public and the generosity of the managers, they hoped to succeed, and to illustrate much which was interesting in Australia and its features."
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Lincoln's drinking got worse and he died in Sydney on 18 August 1917. At the time of his death he was working on an adaptation of the stage play
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of humour. He was probably at his best writing plays and promoting companies in the grand manner, and forgetting about the tedious detail."
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Miss Lancashire Ltd which toured Australia; this production starred Florence Baines. Lincoln also worked as an advertising copywriter for
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Lincoln first became involved with the film industry for J. C Williamson, managing his Anglo-American Bio-Tableau in 1904 to 1905.
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He then managed the Australasian tour of the Gaiety Company for Williamson. While doing this he received notice to meet up with
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239:, one of the earliest moving picture palaces in Melbourne. He had begun to write and direct films for show in the theatre.
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The company survived for only one year, but in that time it made eight films, most of which Lincoln directed. These were
207:. Lincoln toured with this and some other films throughout Western Australia. It was a massive success with the public.
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258:(1911), based on a popular play and novel, for the Tait brothers. They appointed him director of their new company,
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2075:"PICTURE PROFILES IN THE OLDEN DAYS", a 1916 article by W. J. Lincoln on the history of Australian filmmaking
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103:(1870 β 18 August 1917) was an Australian playwright, theatre manager, film director and screenwriter in the
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135:. Thomas Lincoln was a middle class merchant, a partner in the firm Lincoln, Stuaart and Company.
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the films did good business. During this time Lincoln continued to manage the Paradise Gardens.
153:
which debuted in London in 1893 and in Melbourne in 1894. This play would later be rewritten by
131:
Lincoln was born in Melbourne, the only son of Thomas and Esther Lincoln, and was brought up in
110:
One obituary called him "undoubtedly the pioneer of the Australian picture-producing industry".
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Lincoln later formed Lincoln-Barnes Productions in partnership with G.H. Barnes, directing
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224:(1907) but this seems doubtful. Lincoln himself attributed the direction to Sam Crews.
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took over the job, launching Niblo's considerable career as director. Niblo directed
188:. Lincoln appears to have worked with the Alfred Dampier Company from 1901 to 1904.
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In 1909 Lincoln became manager of the Paradise of Living Pictures movie theatre in
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304:(1911) (based on Lincolns own play, but the film was not commercially released),
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Lincoln and Barnes would up in litigation against Amalgamated Pictures in 1917.
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Peter Fogarty, 'The Screening of St Kilda: A History of St Kilda's Cinemas',
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According to one newspaper report he produced and directed the feature film
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605:(7 January 1911) β based on his stage adaptation of novel, writer, director
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645:(7 Oct 1911) β based on his stage adaptation of the play, writer, director
180:(1900) which was also performed by Dampier, though with less success than
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107:. He produced, directed and/or wrote 23 films between 1911 and 1916.
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1188:"History of the films goes back to the day just 65 years ago ..."
32:
1661:
Australian Film 1900β1977: A Guide to Feature Film Production
661:(filmed around Oct 1911 but not released) β writer, director
1061:. New South Wales, Australia. 24 September 1905. p. 1
143:
Lincoln began as a playwright his first credit seemingly
252:
Lincoln made his film debut as director and writer with
113:
Another obituary echoed these sentiments, adding that:
521:. It was unclear if this was a play or a film script.
16:
Australian playwright, film director and screenwriter
1145:. Victoria, Australia. 14 December 1905. p. 38
474:Lincoln recovered sufficiently to write and direct
1342:. Victoria, Australia. 1 September 1917. p. 6
1008:. Victoria, Australia. 23 December 1893. p. 6
958:. Victoria, Australia. 25 August 1917. p. 10
467:for Williamson's with Lincoln working as writer.
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1513:. Victoria, Australia. 16 August 1913. p. 5
1482:. Victoria, Australia. 4 October 1913. p. 6
1663:, Melbourne: Oxford University Press, 1998, 12.
1553:. Hobart, Tasmania. 4 September 1917. p. 7
1029:
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1025:
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752:(filmed 1913, released 21 June 1915) β director
2119:
1766:. Victoria, Australia. 20 May 1911. p. 14
1426:. Victoria, Australia. 8 March 1913. p. 5
1275:St Kilda Historical Series Number Two: Cinemas
2105:
1583:
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358:
1953:"AMUSEMENTS. CRITERION.β"POWER OF WEALTH.""
818:(10 Apri 1916) β director, writer, producer
2112:
2098:
1997:– via National Library of Australia.
1969:– via National Library of Australia.
1924:– via National Library of Australia.
1876:– via National Library of Australia.
1848:– via National Library of Australia.
1746:– via National Library of Australia.
1718:– via National Library of Australia.
1690:– via National Library of Australia.
1649:– via National Library of Australia.
1621:– via National Library of Australia.
1561:– via National Library of Australia.
1462:– via National Library of Australia.
1406:– via National Library of Australia.
1378:– via National Library of Australia.
1304:– via National Library of Australia.
1262:– via National Library of Australia.
1234:– via National Library of Australia.
1203:– via National Library of Australia.
1125:– via National Library of Australia.
1097:– via National Library of Australia.
910:– via National Library of Australia.
845:(1893) β writer. Rewritten by Lincoln and
826:(4 Sept 1916) β writer, producer, director
787:(21 Feb 1916) β director, writer, producer
31:
2281:The Life's Romance of Adam Lindsay Gordon
2085:"A Bush Funeral", 1907 article by Lincoln
978:Australian Cinema: The First Eighty Years
830:
823:The Life's Romance of Adam Lindsay Gordon
594:
497:The Life's Romance of Adam Lindsay Gordon
1868:. Melbourne. 19 November 1897. p. 8
1840:. Melbourne. 5 December 1890. p. 14
1613:. Melbourne. 20 October 1915. p. 10
1226:. Melbourne. 9 February 1916. p. 11
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940:
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2011:
1710:. Melbourne. 29 August 1917. p. 10
1499:
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1195:. Adelaide. 30 October 1954. p. 10
875:(pantomime) (1903) β writer of the book
414:
247:
94:Pearl Ireland (m. 1896β1917; his death)
2436:19th-century Australian businesspeople
2398:
1254:. Melbourne. 4 October 1909. p. 9
1169:, John Haynes and J.F. Archibald, 1880
970:
921:
919:
917:
432:(1915), directed by Frank Harvey, and
423:when they moved into film production.
2093:
2053:at Australian Variety Theatre Archive
1916:. Melbourne. 13 June 1896. p. 39
1280:
1212:
1210:
937:
681:
184:. He wrote the book to the pantomime
1641:. Melbourne. 19 July 1917. p. 2
1494:
1398:. Melbourne. 28 June 1913. p. 7
1218:"PICTURE PROFILES IN THE OLDEN DAYS"
1005:The Caulfield and Elsternwick Leader
756:
316:(1912). Apart from the not-released
2080:1902 article by Lincoln on the arts
1989:. Sydney. 27 April 1904. p. 10
914:
13:
1981:"PALACEβ"LITTLE RED RIDING HOOD.""
1803:. Sydney. 11 April 1923. p. 6
1296:. Vic. 2 September 1911. p. 3
1207:
902:. Vic. 1 September 1917. p. 6
669:(16 March 1912) β writer, director
629:(15 April 1911) β writer, director
621:(24 March 1911) β writer, director
537:obituary said his best films were
524:An obituary described Lincoln as:
14:
2447:
2431:Australian film studio executives
2025:
807:
2012:Bateman, Mary (JuneβJuly 1980).
1454:. Vic. 4 October 1913. p. 6
976:Graham Shirley and Brian Adams,
653:(21 Oct 1911) β writer, director
590:(9 Feb 1911) β based on his play
560:
438:(1916), directed by Monte Luke.
166:Lincoln wrote the one act plays
2324:Captain Midnight, the Bush King
2070:National Film and Sound Archive
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1089:. WA. 23 August 1904. p. 7
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863:(1897) β one act play, writer|*
857:(1896) β writer of one act play
587:Captain Midnight, the Bush King
419:Lincol n later worked for
363:In 1913 Lincoln partnered with
160:Captain Midnight, the Bush King
1579:. 1 October 1915. p. 300.
1370:. Vic. 28 June 1913. p. 5
1117:. 5 September 1906. p. 12
1045:
1036:
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426:Lincoln wrote the scripts for
174:(1897). He wrote another play
1:
1738:. 6 February 1943. p. 16
1659:Andrew Pike and Ross Cooper,
879:
377:(1913), based on the poem by
138:
2137:It Is Never Too Late to Mend
602:It Is Never Too Late to Mend
329:It Is Never Too Late to Mend
255:It Is Never Too Late to Mend
242:
7:
2145:The Mystery of a Hansom Cab
1961:. 20 August 1900. p. 9
1682:. 20 August 1917. p. 6
1322:. 19 June 1924. p. 36.
950:"Life's Phases on the Film"
610:The Mystery of a Hansom Cab
579:(1910) β based on his play
265:The Mystery of a Hansom Cab
221:The Story of the Kelly Gang
10:
2452:
2416:1910s in Australian cinema
2348:Get-Rich-Quick Wallingford
2005:
1573:"Australian Made Pictures"
1109:"THE BLANCHE ARRAL SEASON"
980:, Currency Press 1989 p 42
792:Get-Rich-Quick Wallingford
454:Get-Rich-Quick Wallingford
451:be removed as director of
191:
147:(1890). He wrote the play
2421:Australian film directors
2366:
2307:
2128:
1958:The Sydney Morning Herald
1832:"THE VICTORIAN ORCHESTRA"
1735:The Sydney Morning Herald
1679:The Sydney Morning Herald
1505:"PICTURE FILM PRODUCTION"
1114:The Sydney Morning Herald
716:(29 Sept 1913) β director
708:(15 Sept 1913) β director
677:(6 April 1912) β director
613:(4 March 1911) β director
519:The Worst Woman in Sydney
514:The Worst Woman in London
421:J. C. Williamson Ltd
415:J. C. Williamson Ltd
359:Lincoln-Cass Film Company
333:Mystery of the Hansom Cab
90:
82:
74:
58:
42:
30:
23:
2153:The Luck of Roaring Camp
1246:"PARADISE" AT ST. KILDA"
849:(as Adam Pierre) in 1900
769:Deeds That Won Gallipoli
736:(27 Oct 1913) β director
726:(13 Oct 1913) β director
700:(1 Sept 1913) β director
692:(18 Aug 1913) β director
637:(13 May 1911) β director
618:The Luck of Roaring Camp
506:
271:The Luck of Roaring Camp
2047:(subscription required)
1702:"PROLIFIC STAGE WRITER"
803:(1 April 1916) β writer
744:(3 Nov 1913) β director
2426:Writers from Melbourne
1860:"On and Off the Stage"
1479:Williamstown Chronicle
1451:Williamstown Chronicle
1334:"IN THE BARBER'S SHOP"
894:"IN THE BARBER'S SHOP"
873:Little Red Riding Hood
831:Select theatre credits
795:(21 Feb 1916) β writer
779:(10 Jan 1916) β writer
531:
186:Little Red Riding Hood
120:
101:William Joseph Lincoln
47:William Joseph Lincoln
1888:"An Affair of Honour"
1510:The Prahran Telegraph
1423:The Prahran Telegraph
1339:The Prahran Telegraph
526:
127:Early life and career
115:
2308:Films as writer only
1288:"MOTION PHOTOGRAPHY"
767:(19 July 1915) (aka
595:Amalgamated Pictures
260:Amalgamated Pictures
248:Amalgamated Pictures
203:who had film of the
2383:The Power of Wealth
2217:The Sick Stockrider
2020:. pp. 172β174.
1936:The Power of Wealth
1800:The Daily Telegraph
1605:"THE PICTURE SHOWS"
1000:"PLAYS AND PLAYERS"
933:. 6 September 1917.
866:The Power of Wealth
861:An Affair of Honour
689:The Sick Stockrider
555:Adam Lindsay Gordon
539:The Sick Stockrider
379:Adam Lindsay Gordon
374:The Sick Stockrider
177:The Power of Wealth
172:An Affair of Honour
2233:The Remittance Man
1908:"CONCERTS, &c"
1811:– via Trove.
1774:– via Trove.
1521:– via Trove.
1490:– via Trove.
1434:– via Trove.
1350:– via Trove.
1153:– via Trove.
1137:"Greenroom Gossip"
1069:– via Trove.
1016:– via Trove.
966:– via Trove.
927:"AT POVERTY POINT"
705:The Remittance Man
682:Lincoln Cass Films
384:The Remittance Man
205:Russo-Japanese War
2393:
2392:
2201:Breaking the News
2129:Films as director
1545:"MUSIC AND DRAMA"
1418:"DAYS OF DELIGHT"
1367:Prahran Telegraph
1293:Prahran Telegraph
899:Prahran Telegraph
757:JC Williamson Ltd
666:Breaking the News
327:A writer said of
307:Breaking the News
98:
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83:Years active
66:(aged 46β47)
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2332:Within Our Gates
2249:The Road to Ruin
2185:The Double Event
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723:The Road to Ruin
650:The Double Event
581:Captain Moonlite
444:Within Our Gates
429:Within Our Gates
396:The Road to Ruin
295:The Double Event
145:One Summer's Eve
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37:Lincoln, c. 1913
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2014:"W. J. Lincoln"
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1316:"Poverty Point"
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2169:The Lost Chord
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2026:External links
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442:wrote that in
435:Within the Law
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283:The Lost Chord
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2122:W. J. Lincoln
2120:The works of
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2066:W. J. Lincoln
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2057:W. J. Lincoln
2055:
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2051:W. J. Lincoln
2049:
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2042:
2041:W. J. Lincoln
2039:
2037:
2033:
2032:W. J. Lincoln
2030:
2029:
2019:
2018:Cinema Papers
2015:
2010:
2009:
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1821:Bateman,p 173
1818:
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1758:"A LOST WILL"
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1633:"Advertising"
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1594:Bateman p 174
1591:
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1577:The Lone Hand
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1534:Bateman p 175
1531:
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1474:"Advertising"
1469:
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1446:"Advertising"
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1390:"Advertising"
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1081:"Advertising"
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1053:"Advertising"
1048:
1039:
1033:Bateman p 173
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989:Bateman p 172
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471:production."
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78:Film director
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25:W. J. Lincoln
22:
19:
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2289:Nurse Cavell
2287:
2279:
2271:
2265:The Reprieve
2263:
2255:
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2207:
2199:
2191:
2183:
2175:
2167:
2159:
2151:
2143:
2135:
2121:
2017:
1991:. Retrieved
1984:
1975:
1963:. Retrieved
1956:
1947:
1935:
1930:
1918:. Retrieved
1911:
1902:
1891:
1882:
1870:. Retrieved
1863:
1854:
1842:. Retrieved
1835:
1826:
1817:
1805:. Retrieved
1798:
1789:
1784:Bateman p173
1780:
1768:. Retrieved
1761:
1752:
1740:. Retrieved
1733:
1724:
1712:. Retrieved
1705:
1696:
1684:. Retrieved
1677:
1668:
1660:
1655:
1645:24 September
1643:. Retrieved
1636:
1627:
1615:. Retrieved
1608:
1599:
1576:
1567:
1555:. Retrieved
1548:
1539:
1515:. Retrieved
1508:
1484:. Retrieved
1477:
1468:
1456:. Retrieved
1449:
1440:
1428:. Retrieved
1421:
1412:
1402:23 September
1400:. Retrieved
1393:
1384:
1372:. Retrieved
1365:
1356:
1344:. Retrieved
1337:
1328:
1320:The Bulletin
1319:
1310:
1298:. Retrieved
1291:
1282:
1274:
1268:
1256:. Retrieved
1249:
1240:
1228:. Retrieved
1221:
1197:. Retrieved
1190:
1182:
1171:, retrieved
1166:The bulletin
1165:
1159:
1147:. Retrieved
1140:
1131:
1119:. Retrieved
1112:
1103:
1091:. Retrieved
1084:
1075:
1063:. Retrieved
1058:Sunday Times
1056:
1047:
1038:
1010:. Retrieved
1003:
994:
985:
977:
972:
960:. Retrieved
953:
931:The Bulletin
930:
904:. Retrieved
897:
888:
872:
864:
860:
852:
842:
836:
821:
813:
798:
790:
784:Nurse Cavell
782:
774:
768:
762:
747:
741:The Reprieve
739:
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695:
687:
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477:Nurse Cavell
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473:
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425:
418:
408:The Reprieve
406:
405:(1913), and
400:
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365:Godfrey Cass
362:
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217:
213:The Bulletin
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121:
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109:
100:
99:
64:(1917-08-18)
18:
2411:1917 deaths
2406:1870 births
2356:Officer 666
2297:La Revanche
2241:Transported
2161:Called Back
1993:6 September
1986:The Referee
1965:8 September
1550:The Mercury
1458:6 September
1258:6 September
1121:6 September
1093:6 September
815:La Revanche
800:Officer 666
713:Transported
626:Called Back
569:Filmography
547:Le Revanche
490:Later years
483:La Revanche
480:(1916) and
464:Officer 666
390:Transported
345:Called Back
337:Called Back
310:(1911) and
277:Called Back
170:(1896) and
2400:Categories
2257:The Crisis
1865:Table Talk
1844:26 October
1837:Table Talk
1795:"WEDDINGS"
1714:26 October
1617:26 October
1362:"Paradise"
955:The Herald
906:26 October
880:References
771:) β writer
733:The Crisis
533:Lincoln's
459:Fred Niblo
402:The Crisis
343:London in
139:Playwright
105:silent era
75:Occupation
2273:The Wreck
2177:The Bells
1251:The Argus
749:The Wreck
642:The Bells
551:The Bells
440:Lone Hand
289:The Bells
243:Filmmaker
237:Melbourne
86:1911β1916
53:Melbourne
2316:Moonlite
2225:Moondyne
2061:AusStage
1807:17 March
1770:15 March
1557:19 April
1517:17 March
1486:17 March
1430:17 March
1346:17 March
1149:17 March
1065:17 March
1012:17 March
962:17 March
697:Moondyne
576:Moonlite
535:Bulletin
486:(1916).
399:(1913),
298:(1911),
292:(1911),
286:(1911),
280:(1911),
274:(1911),
268:(1911),
233:St Kilda
163:(1911).
133:St Kilda
2045:AustLit
2006:Sources
1941:AustLit
1893:AustLit
1763:The Age
1742:18 June
1686:18 June
1638:The Age
1395:The Age
1374:20 June
1300:18 June
1230:20 June
1199:18 June
517:called
192:Manager
2386:(1900)
2378:(1893)
2359:(1916)
2351:(1916)
2343:(1916)
2335:(1915)
2327:(1911)
2319:(1910)
2300:(1916)
2292:(1916)
2284:(1916)
2276:(1913)
2268:(1913)
2260:(1913)
2252:(1913)
2244:(1913)
2236:(1913)
2228:(1913)
2220:(1913)
2212:(1912)
2204:(1912)
2188:(1911)
2180:(1911)
2172:(1911)
2164:(1911)
2156:(1911)
2148:(1911)
2140:(1911)
1920:2 July
1872:2 July
1707:Winner
1610:Winner
1223:Winner
1173:4 June
91:Spouse
69:Sydney
1142:Punch
507:Death
2036:IMDb
1995:2013
1967:2013
1922:2015
1874:2015
1846:2014
1809:2020
1772:2020
1744:2015
1716:2014
1688:2015
1647:2015
1619:2014
1559:2012
1519:2020
1488:2020
1460:2013
1432:2020
1404:2015
1376:2015
1348:2020
1302:2015
1260:2013
1232:2015
1201:2015
1175:2018
1151:2020
1123:2013
1095:2013
1067:2020
1014:2020
964:2020
908:2014
553:and
335:and
59:Died
50:1870
43:Born
2068:at
2059:at
2043:at
2034:at
1939:at
545:,
2402::
2016:.
1983:.
1955:.
1910:.
1890:.
1862:.
1834:.
1797:.
1760:.
1732:.
1704:.
1676:.
1635:.
1607:.
1585:^
1575:.
1547:.
1527:^
1507:.
1496:^
1476:.
1448:.
1420:.
1392:.
1364:.
1336:.
1318:.
1290:.
1248:.
1220:.
1209:^
1139:.
1111:.
1083:.
1055:.
1022:^
1002:.
952:.
939:^
929:.
916:^
896:.
557:.
549:,
541:,
393:,
387:,
381:,
347:.
331:,
235:,
215:.
2113:e
2106:t
2099:v
1896:.
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