1385:—was placed in charge of the King, whom the Yorkists had brought with them as the "nominal" head of their army (said the early-20th-century historian C. L. Scofield). They were responsible for Henry's protection during the battle. This, suggests Ross, may indicate that even at this late stage Bonville was still primarily motivated by a wish to protect the King he had served since youth. Warwick's force was rapidly isolated by the swift-moving Lancastrian army, and Warwick fled, leaving the field—and King—to the victorious Lancastrians. Bonville and Kyriell were also captured. The following day they were summoned before the Queen and Prince Edward, and it is possible that both had been promised a pardon by the King. However, in the presence of the Earl of Devon—and probably at his instigation—the two were tried for treason. The result was a foregone conclusion. Prince Edward "was jugge ys own selfe", and sentenced them to death. Both men were
250:. This had traditionally been a hereditary office of the earls of Devon, and the Earl was enraged at its loss. The dispute soon descended into violence, and Bonville and Courtenay ravaged each other's properties. The situation was exacerbated in 1442 when the Crown appointed Courtenay to effectively the same stewardship it had appointed Bonville, which inflamed the situation even more. The feud between them continued intermittently for the next decade. Generally, Henry and his government failed to intervene between the two parties; when it did, its efforts were ineffectual. On one occasion Bonville was persuaded to undertake further service in France—primarily to get Bonville out of the region—but the mission was poorly funded, a military failure, and when Bonville returned the feud reignited. In 1453, King Henry became ill and entered a
59:
1793:
after King Henry". The story presented by the (Yorkist) chroniclers was that the Prince of Wales, encouraged by Queen
Margaret, personally passed Bonville's and Kyriel's death sentences. Supposedly she asked him, "Fair son, what manner of death shall these knights, whom you see here, die?", to which the Prince replied, "Let them have their heads taken off". To the Prince, Kyriel is said to have retorted, "May God destroy those who have taught thee this manner of speech!"This stage of the civil wars saw frequent post-battlefield beheadings by the victor. Two months previously, captured Yorkists (including the Earl of Salisbury) had been executed after Wakefield; earlier in February, Lancastrians were killed after the
1157:. Although Courtenay was nominally York's ally, the Earl did not see any major benefits from this relationship. (York's other allies, argues John Watts, the Nevilles, received York's assistance in their on-going feud with the Percies in Yorkshire.) Bonville experienced no lessening of his position during the protectorate; indeed, he had committed flagrant acts of piracy against foreign shipping off the south-west coast, which went unpunished. The most prominent victims of Bonville's actions were the Duke of Burgundy's merchants; Burgundy was England's ally on the continent, a position which Bonville's ships endangered.
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946:, and Suffolk's government could not afford to alienate the Earl of Devon. Conversely, Suffolk was still an attractive ally for Bonville against the Earl, as Bonville's Lincolnshire associate and later son-in-law, Tailboys, was closely linked with Suffolk. Suffolk's policy was one of trying to keep both Bonville and Courtenay happy. Bonville's newly-acquired political proximity to Suffolk brought benefits. In 1444 Bonville joined the duke's retinue to France, where Bonville played a central role in the
798:; Courtenay's wealth was already reduced by his mother's dower, and so granting Bonville the stewardship was not only a blow to the regional hegemony the Courtenays traditionally enjoyed but reduced the earl's income further. The stewardship was a significant source of patronage to whoever held it in its own right. During the Earl's minority, Courtenay influence in Devon waned and shifted towards the county's upper gentry ("among whom Bonville was pre-eminent", argues Cherry). The historian
616:
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1018:, son of the Thomas Brooke whom Bonville had feuded with over a decade previously. Courtenay's alliance with York was not as strong as the Earl believed, and when York arrived in Devon to restore order, he promptly cast both Bonville and Courtenay, with many of their retainers, into prison for a month. Bonville was forced to put Taunton Castle into the duke's custody. This particular phase of the feud was suspended by the holding of a
1266:, to the east of Exeter. "Moche people wer sleyn": Although the engagement appears to have been somewhat inconclusive, if anyone lost, it was Bonville, who managed to escape alive, although, suggests Hicks, dishonoured, as he had been the challenger. Two days later, Courtenay attacked Bonville's Shute residence, pillaging it thoroughly and carrying away much booty. Courtenay continued his campaign against Bonville for two months.
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207:. Bonville's father died before Bonville reached adulthood. As a result, he grew up in the household of his grandfather and namesake, who was a prominent member of the Devon gentry. Both Bonville's father and grandfather had been successful in politics and land acquisition, and when Bonville came of age, he gained control of a large estate. He augmented this further by a series of lawsuits against his stepfather,
860:. This, Cherry says, was "a post so similar to that held by Bonville as to be hardly distinguishable from it," and disrupted an already fragile balance of power in the region. Violence between Bonville and Courtenay broke out soon after and "divers and many men hurte". In November 1442 both men were summoned before the King's Council to explain themselves. Bonville attended in person and was
510:
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1207:. The plan failed, but Bonville was prevented from carrying out his duty as a collector of a royal loan. Although in the following June both Bonville and Courtenay were instructed by the King to keep the peace—and each bound over for £4,000 to do so—they appear to have continued their war of attrition. Such was the "anarchic state of affairs" in Devon following St Albans that the
593:. On reaching his legal majority, Bonville sued his stepfather for his maternal inheritance. This struggle took over six years, but he succeeded in establishing his rights to the estates by 1422. Bonville's grandmother survived until 1426; by then Bonville had also inherited substantial estates from other relatives, including a cousin and an aunt. These brought him the manors of
1179:
they controlled the government. Although clearly unwilling to turn against his King at this point, Bonville did attend the
Yorkist parliament of September 1455, where he voted in favour of the Duke of York's appointment as protector. Bonville was appointed to the parliamentary committee set up to improve naval defence. He also used his local influence to ensure that the vacant
1377:, had been left in charge of the King in London. Bonville, who had been in the south-west raising an army, returned to London. Warwick, Bonville and other lords left the capital on 12 February 1461 with an army to intercept the Queen's force before the latter could reach the city gates. They encountered each other at the
1049:, south-east of London. Courtenay stood alongside him. Somerset and much of the rest of the nobility faced York and Courtenay down: they surrendered without a fight. Bonville had raised a body of men to join the King's army, and subsequently profited from Courtenay's disfavour with the King. The historian
958:
of 10 March the following year
Bonville was elevated to the peerage. This was both in recognition of his successes in France—it had been a "turbulent period" in Gascony—but also a reflection of the esteem Suffolk held him in. As Baron Bonville of Chewton; he was summoned to every parliament until the
1715:
as "exceptionally violent and unscrupulous even for that age". Tailboys was involved in a long-running and increasingly violent feud with Lord
Cromwell throughout the 1440s and 1450s, and, Virgoe suggests, probably found Bonville and the latter's connections at court of particular assistance against
1178:
was used as a messenger by the King's councillors. He did not join the royal army, however. Michael Hicks has suggested that both
Bonville and Courtenay were more interested in prosecuting their own feud than the national one. King Henry had been captured by the Yorkists after the battle: once again
1141:
correspondent reported, was only after he had "maken all the puissance they can and may to come hider with theym". It was rumoured that
Bonville was planning to join up with other lords—those of Beaumont, Poynings, Clifford and Egremont—and march on London itself, although in the event this did not
802:
has argued that the minority created a power vacuum in the county which the regional gentry, such as
Bonville, had helped fill. This enabled them to find new areas of profit in the absence of traditional Courtenay patronage. Bonville's (and other local gentry's) pre-eminence in Devon was found to be
1136:
In August 1453, King Henry suffered a period of illness and mental collapse during which he was unable to respond to people or stimulus. He was, therefore, unable to carry out his royal duties. The
Lancastrian regime, already weakened by factionalism, was paralysed, and the national political scene
1792:
Recent scholarship has cast an element of doubt on this story, as it would dovetail neatly into the
Yorkist narrative as propaganda. As has been said, "both Bonville and Kyriel were experienced military commanders, and it is unlikely that their role in the battle would have been limited to looking
1225:
Devon had committed such offences, so
Bonville said, falsely, cowardly and traitourously, in breach of his faith as a knight, his prowess and honour, his allegiance, the common good, and the standards "that should pertain to thy estate" as an earl. So damaging were these charges to the Earl's good
1165:
In early 1455 King Henry made a sudden recovery. York and Salisbury were removed from their positions in government and retired to their estates. National politics, already heavily partisan, was tense. The King summoned a great council to be held in Leicester in May. Several chroniclers of the day
896:
to provide 20 men-at-arms and 600 archers as an advance-guard to a larger expeditionary force. King Henry presented him with a personal gift of ÂŁ100 towards his campaign expenses. Yet it is almost certain that their fleet did not leave Plymouth for many more months. Griffiths has suggested that by
545:
says this was "a figure not far short of that enjoyed by the fifteenth-century earls of Devon themselves". His lands—comprising 18 manors—were situated all over England, although concentrated in Devon, particularly around Shute in the south-east of the county, and Somerset. These lands encompassed
1769:
The following day, 23 November 1455, Courtenay replied in much the same spirit, informing Bonville that, for Courtenay, "all frendly greting stonde for nougt". The Earl then informs Bonville that he would refute Bonville's slurs "upon thy fals body prove at time and place by me appoynted". Martin
1738:
was also King of England, the lieutenant ruled directly on the King's behalf. It was a royal appointment, usually to a close relative of the King, although it was a sporadic one, being mostly filled during periods of war or civil disturbance. It was not a particularly profitable office, notes the
1211:
judicial sessions that were due to be held in Exeter had to be cancelled. Courtenay went on to terrorise the county with his army and ransacked Bonville's houses. This culminated on 23 October 1455 with what has been described as the "most notorious private crime of the century", when Courtenay's
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has described this "double grant" as the "most famous instance" of what she has termed the "deskilling" of governmental administrative departments in the early years of Henry VI's personal rule, which resulted in, as Bonville and Courtenay discovered, not only a "lack of control over grants, but
1467:
George Neville, later called Bonville a "strenuous cavalier", and the 1461 attainder of ex-King Henry referred to Bonville's "prowesse of knyghthode". In recognition of the contribution that Bonville and his family had made to the House of York, Edward granted Bonville's widow Elizabeth a large
851:
The grant of the stewardship has been described by Carpenter as "the immediate catalyst for the Courtenay–Bonville feud, which had been threatening for some time". It was one of many internecine and familial feuds within the English noble families in the second half of Henry VI's reign. It was
1053:
suggests that Bonville was given "a free hand" in the region as a result of York's and Devon's eclipse and according to Cherry, this allowed Bonville to become the predominant figure in county politics. He was commissioned to oversee the arrest and prosecution of the Earl of Devon's men after
344:
and Devon on multiple occasions and has been described by a historian as one of "the most prominent west-country gentry in the late fourteenth century". On hearing of the birth of his grandson, a contemporary reports, Sir William "raised his hands to heaven and praised God". Along with the
1312:
Courtenay, by his actions at St Albans, had earned the support of Henry's powerful Queen, Margaret, who was by now implacably opposed to the Yorkist party. His son Thomas, who inherited the earldom, married the Queen's cousin, Marie de Maine, and in 1458 Bonville's grandson married
1269:
Neither party had sufficient military or political weight to crush their opponent, and, "nasty as they were, there was little danger of the fights spreading geographically". Outside the region, the national political situation had become increasingly fraught with tension, and the
1262:, which Bonville had already twice attempted unsuccessfully to lift. Courtenay had no choice but to take up Bonville's challenge, which openly informed the Earl that "all due salutacions of friendlihode laide aparte". On 15 December the two sides met in battle near
933:
Bonville was absent from England for slightly over two years and returned in April 1445. During his absence, Courtenay had become increasingly powerful in Devon. The King, though, was revealing himself to be a weak-willed monarch, unwilling—or unable—to impose the
867:
Bonville antagonised Courtenay by going out of his way to recruit men to his retinue who had traditionally been retained by the Earl. An arbitration took place; or, at least, a decision was imposed upon them, even if an "unworkable" one, according to the historian
257:
Bonville generally seems to have remained loyal to the king, although his guiding motivation was to support whoever would aid him in his struggle against Courtenay. Their feud was part of a broader breakdown in law and order which eventually evolved into the
1406:
when he died. His estates and wealth were effectively divided three ways: between his widow; his brother; and his illegitimate son. As both Bonville's legitimate sons had predeceased him, his estates and titles passed to his one-year-old great-granddaughter
982:
to the continent. Roskell notes that, although Bonville is known to have attended this parliament, it remains unknown what position he took—if he took any—on Suffolk's impeachment. One of the most powerful critics of Suffolk's government had been
689:
On his return to England, much of Bonville's time was occupied with the administration of his estates. Extensive as they were, there was occasional friction—some of it violent—with his neighbours. In 1427 he was engaged in a bitter feud with
1617:
Feuds between baronial and noble families had become particularly common in fifteenth-century England. Apart from that of Bonville's and Courtenay's in the southwest, another dispute that descended into armed feuding took place between the
6042:
Briefly joined the Lancastrians. Briefly joined the Yorkists. Defected from the Yorkist to the Lancastrian cause. Initially a Yorkist who later supported the Tudor claim. Initially a Lancastrian who later supported the Tudor claim.
1202:
every day as long as he abideth with theym". Bonville's dominance in the south-west forced the Earl of Devon to respond drastically, and at the end of April 1454 Devon brought an armed force of hundreds of men into Exeter in a planned
1258:, albeit for both men to be accompanied by their retainers. He may also have been attempting to draw the Earl out of the city of Exeter, which Courtenay had been occupying for over a fortnight, or to distract him from his siege of
1329:
has described Bonville during this period as "a veteran servant of the House of Lancaster, who had been promoted to his peerage by King Henry VI clung to the court he had always served". He swore to uphold the rights of young
754:
made an official complaint to the English government about the treatment meted out to Burgundian shipping in the area. In 1440 Bonville, with Sir Philip Courtenay—a close friend of Bonville's—commanded a small fleet of thirty
1241:
Radford's murder marked the beginning of a brief campaign—a "range war"—between the two sides, even more violent than had gone before; which, says Griffiths, turned the region "periodically into a private jousting-field".
1198:(also at this time very close to the court) were recruiting heavily. They caused a proclamation "to be cryed at Taunton in Somersetshire that every man that is likely and wole go with theym and serve theym shalle have
872:. Bonville was by now fifty years old and had not been abroad for nearly 20 years, but in 1443 the council—probably hoping another stint in France would "divert his ample energies from the West Country"—appointed him
1522:
The legal concept of dower had existed since the late twelfth century as a means of protecting a woman from being left landless if her husband died first. He would, when they married, assign certain estates to her—a
1166:
suggest that Somerset was poisoning the King's mind against York. He and the Nevilles may have feared imminent arrest. In any case, they reacted swiftly and with violence. They ambushed the King's small army at the
1393:
has described as the "general condemnation" of contemporaries. Bonville's death extinguished the male line of the Bonville family of Chute, and, says Pollard, settled the Bonville-Courtenay "blood feud" for good.
706:
of Bonville's godfather, the Abbot of Newenham, who found against Brooke, who had to pay all Bonville's legal costs and reverse his enclosure. By now, Bonville was also a royal official, having been appointed
1357:' estates there. York and the Earl of Salisbury, with their smaller army, marched north the following month; Bonville remained in London. Bonville's son William marched with York, and died with him at the
1626:
in Yorkshire; this was of such violence and breadth that it directly influenced national politics. Less impactful nationally yet still regionally destructive were the feuds between the Harrington and
1349:. This act effectively granted York the throne on Henry's death, and thus disinherited the Prince of Wales. Margaret and her nobles withdrew to the north, where they gathered an army and began to
763:. They saw little action; the occasional encounters with the enemy did not necessarily go in their favour, as on one occasion rival Portuguese merchants captured two ships from Bonville's fleet.
1345:
in June 1460. Here the victorious Yorkists again captured King Henry, and Bonville was put in charge of his safe-keeping. Bonville attended the parliament of November that year which passed the
585:
to their children. On her death in April 1414 Stucley thereby gained Devon lands worth around ÂŁ105 per annum as well as Wiltshire manors of the Bonville estate, including the valuable manor of
4617:
Kleineke, H. (2015). "Some Observations on the Household and Circle of Humphrey Stafford, Lord Stafford of Southwick and Earl of Devon: The Last Will of Roger Bekensawe". In Clark, L. (ed.).
388:. Bonville had a younger brother, Thomas, who, by the time William came of age, had already married a cousin of Robert, Baron Poynings. This connection to the Poynings family, the historian
1779:
Further illustrating the favour Courtenay was in with the Queen, suggests Griffiths, was the fact that the wedding gowns for his son's marriage to Marie were paid for out of the King's own
897:
now, "the time had passed when a modest-sized army like Bonville's would do". Its size had been limited by the fact that the vast majority of the men raised by the Crown were despatched to
836:
262:
in 1455. Bonville seems to have managed to avoid implication in the variable swings in political fortune which followed until 1460. At this point, he threw in his lot with the rebellious
321:, who had previously described the family as "a powerful and respected element in Devon...there was no need for them to stand in dread of the great, for they were not small themselves".
1743:, and indeed was "as likely to be a source of loss as gain" for the appointee, and the King was regularly forced to provide financial inducements to those he wished to take up the post.
1250:, "on both sides houses were pllaged, cattle driven off, and plenty of plunder taken". Determined to "bring Devon out into the open on as equal terms as possible", says the historian
6139:
364:
Bonville's father died when his son was four, and young William probably grew up in his grandfather's household. Grandfather Bonville died in 1408, while Bonville was still legally a
231:. Throughout his life, Bonville was despatched on further operations in France, but increasingly events in the south-west of England took up more of his time and energy, as he became
1831:
has identified only three other noble families whose ultimate extinction in the main line was directly attributable to the Wars of the Roses: those of Welles, Hungerford and Talbot.
4218:
6119:
1246:, the Bishop of Exeter, complained that his tenants "dared not occupy the land". Bonville retaliated against Courtenay by looting the Earl's Colcombe manor; says the historian
1041:
The Earl of Devon's continuing alliance with York brought Courtenay further problems in 1452. By then, York felt excluded from the government as the King had a new favourite,
803:
almost unassailable by the Earl, who wished to regain the regional authority that his ancestors had held. This friction between Bonville and Courtenay soon turned violent.
1437:
5066:
5016:
991:. Courtenay saw his newly-reinforced position as sufficiently secure to allow him to reignite the feud with Bonville, who in Taunton was recruiting men to his banner at
691:
1604:
Courtenay had been born in 1414, had come of age in 1425, but his mother, Anne Talbot, survived until 1441. During this time she controlled, through both her dower and
1801:; Bonville and Kyriel two weeks later at St Albans; and two months later, in April 1461, the Earl of Devon ("who was sick in York and could not get away", commented
1064:
of Shute. Bonville received further offices and responsibilities. He was confirmed as steward of the Duchy of Cornwall, reappointed seneschal of Gascony and also made
856:
described the grant as causing "grete trouble". Courtenay—in what Griffiths describes as "imprudent treatment" by the crown—was granted the office of steward of the
1278:. The Earl was subsequently imprisoned, although only for a short period, and died in 1458 with neither the feud resolved or Bonville beaten. Bonville was made a
1428:
by Bonville's grandfather, and these lands descended to his younger brother, Thomas, and then Thomas' son. Much of Bonville's retinue entered the employment of
5041:
1651:
1608:, approximately two-thirds of the Courtenay inheritance. Furthermore, she had set up a council to manage the estate. This, says Archer, severely mismanaged it.
1304:
on easternmost of north aisle piers in St Clement's Church, Powderham, showing the arms of Courtenay of Powderham impaling Bonville. These are the arms of Sir
353:
to the young William. The younger William was heir to both his father and grandfather; the latter—who had married twice—had substantially expanded the family
826:
merchant, addressed to the King, seeking restoration of the merchant's ship and the goods it contained, captured at sea by Bonville and being held by him in
1325:
suggest that throughout this period Bonville managed to conceal any sympathy for the Duke of York and remained "outwardly loyal to Henry VI". The historian
313:
comments, on the family's social position, that they were of sufficiently "landed and official status to be regarded as what might be termed 'super-knights'
4092:
336:, to John Bonville (d. 1396) and Elizabeth Fitzroger (c. 1370–c. 1414). William Bonville's grandfather was his namesake Sir William Bonville, who had been
678:. The war in France continued in spite of Henry VI's youth, and Bonville returned in 1423 in Gloucester's army. Bonville fought in the campaign to regain
1112:, "exalted in the west country". Bonville never took up his seneschalcy as what remained of England's territorial possessions in France were lost at the
1818:, where Lord Bonville's cousin John Bonville resided and made a family. This John was the grandson of William, Lord Bonville's paternal uncle, Thomas.
1561:
notes that the numbers known to have begun the campaign had been reduced by early losses, sickness and those otherwise invalided to England after the
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to the English throne—because the Duke had borrowed money from Bonville. Bonville had returned to England before May, when he attended parliament at
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Detail of petition SC 8/269/13408 held at The National Archives (United Kingdom), highlighting "Gilliam Boneville" in a contemporary scribal hand.
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1532:
542:
569:
Owing to the deaths of their husbands in 1396 and 1408, respectively, Bonville's mother and grandmother each held a third of his inheritance in
1712:
1699:
4226:
3837:
Archer, R. E. (1995). "Parliamentary Restoration: John Mowbray and the Dukedom of Norfolk in 1425". In Archer, R. E. & Walker, S. (eds.).
328:
Very little of the original medieval manor house remains of Bonville's birthplace; the section shown here is from the late fourteenth century.
3932:
The General Armory of England, Scotland, Ireland, and Wales: Comprising a Registry of Armorial Bearings from the Earliest to the Present Time
719:
for Devon from July 1431, for Somerset from March 1435, and for Cornwall from November 1438. Other commissions included local inquiries into
6129:
4746:
4721:
4579:
Kenny, G. (2003). "The Power of Dower: The Importance of Dower in the Lives of Medieval Women in Ireland". In Meek, C.; Lawless, C. (eds.).
294:
families of late-fourteenth-century Devon, often working in close co-operation with their neighbours. The most important of these were the
1254:, and believing himself to have the "backing of God, the law, and the commonweal", on 22 November 1455 Bonville challenged Courtenay to a
5404:
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477:
457:
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to Bonville on the wedding day, and Bonville likewise contracted to settle estates to the value of 100 pounds on himself and his wife,
4225:. Universities of Keele, Liverpool, Oxford, Southampton, King's College London, and the Université Michel de Montaigne. Archived from
5649:
5058:
1770:
Cherry has noted how their antagonistic greetings "neatly parodied" the usual form of greetings that contemporary letters began with.
750:, being described as a "King's knight". He was zealous in combating piracy off the Cornish coast, to such an extent that in 1454 the
5008:
6134:
6124:
4086:
1698:, overseeing security and general provisioning for the region. It was his political knowledge and experience, says the medievalist
1213:
901:, which was considered more important. At least one ship and men (possibly amounting to a third of his army) and materiel was lost
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421:
236:
4035:
Cherry, M. (1979). "The Courtenay Earls of Devon: The Formation and Disintegration of a Late Medieval Aristocratic Affinity".
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in the county before 1430. From then on he was regularly occupied with his duties as a royal official in the region: he was a
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1174:. Courtenay fought for the King and was wounded. Bonville may also have been sympathetic to the royal cause, as one of his
416:. Grey also paid another 200 marks in instalments over the following four years. With Margaret he had four known children:
5033:
1402:
Bonville's household was almost immediately dissolved, although some of his staff remained with his widow. He had left no
5863:
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1417:
1216:—and a small force of men attacked and brutally murdered one of Bonville's close councillors, the prominent local lawyer
453:
275:
1459:, and Edward claimed the throne as King Edward IV. Following the battle, the Earl of Devon was captured and beheaded at
5694:
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5177:
Bourgogne et Angleterre: Relations Politiques et Économiques Entre les Pays-Bas Bourguignons et l'Angleterre, 1435–1467
1455:
on 29 March 1461. The Lancastrian army was destroyed: Queen Margaret escaped to Scotland, Henry went on the run in the
1031:
4320:
Henry of Lancaster's Expedition to Aquitaine, 1345–1346: Military Service and Professionalism in the Hundred Years War
1681:
The Seneschal of Gascony, with four sub-seneschals, headed the military, judicial and administrative framework of the
1341:
Within a few months, say Roskell and Woodger, Bonville "revealed his true colours" and fought for the Yorkists at the
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English Gascony, 1399-1453: A Study of War, Government and Politics During the Later Stages of the Hundred Years' War
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The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom: Extant, Extinct, or Dormant
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1220:. Carpenter comments: "there were other enormities, principally directed against Lord Bonville. Nothing was done".
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17:
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further exacerbated, in 1440, by what the Griffiths calls "a serious blunder" by the crown—a contemporary council
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Grant, A. (2014). "Murder Will Out: Kingship, Kinship and Killing in Medieval Scotland". In Boardman, S. (ed.).
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5689:
830:. It was escapades such as this that led to the Duke of Burgundy's intervention on behalf of his own merchants.
523:
58:
4973:
The Commons in the Parliament of 1422: English Society and Parliamentary Representation Under the Lancastrians
5963:
5883:
5788:
5714:
5579:
4065:
Cherry, M. (1981b). "The Struggle for Power in Mid-Fifteenth Century Devonshire". In Griffiths, R. A. (ed.).
1794:
1054:
Blackheath, and the following year King Henry demonstrated the esteem Bonville stood in when, during Henry's
740:
1535:
argues that this made it "one of the most destructive of baronial incidents" on account of how a long-lived
1045:. In February that year York rebelled and marched on London with a large force. He faced the King's army at
452:
After Margaret died, sometime between April 1426 and October 1427, he married Elizabeth Courtenay, widow of
5868:
5793:
5234:
Vale, J. (1995). Kekewich, M. L.; Richmond, C.; Sutton, A. F.; Visser-Fuchs, L. & Watts, J. L. (eds.).
1342:
995:
a day. To this end he launched a series of raids onto Bonville properties, which culminated in Courtenay's
671:
5272:
East Anglian Society and the Political Community of Late Medieval England: Selected Papers of Roger Virgoe
502:
6004:
5923:
5664:
5609:
5564:
4379:
Griffiths, R. A. (1984). "The King's Council and the First Protectorate of the Duke of York, 1450–1454".
3818:
Archer, R. E. (1984). "Rich Old Ladies: The Problem of Late Medieval Dowagers". In Pollard, A. J. (ed.).
1271:
1184:
772:
464:
to marry because Elizabeth was already a godmother to one of Bonville's daughters and in the eyes of the
232:
1805:). Over 40 other knights and nobles were beheaded by the victorious Yorkists after the Battle of Towton.
6051:
5888:
5783:
5624:
5390:
4738:
4713:
1378:
987:, and the Earl of Devon soon allied himself with the duke as a means of furthering his position in the
271:
107:
746:
In 1437 King Henry VI's minority ended, and he began his personal rule. Bonville was appointed to the
654:. Roskell suggests that Bonville must have been greatly trusted by Clarence—at the time of his death,
6084:
5953:
5858:
5838:
5639:
1251:
1167:
984:
5270:
Virgoe, R. (1997). "William Tailboys and Lord Cromwell: Crime and politics in Lancastrian England".
6094:
6014:
5958:
5928:
5456:
1752:
In other words, it was rumoured that Bonville ordered the gathering of the largest force of men (a
1326:
636:
220:
211:. Bonville undertook royal service, which then meant fighting in France in the later years of the
5908:
5798:
5057:
Roskell, J.S. & Woodger, L. S. (1993). J. S. Roskell; L. Clark & C. R. Rawcliffe (eds.).
3993:
Carpenter, C. (2010). "Henry VI and the Deskilling of the Royal Bureaucracy". In Clark L. (ed.).
1802:
1557:
It is unknown, however, whether Bonville fought in the Battle of Agincourt itself. The historian
1436:. Bonville's and Courtenay's deaths prolonged the power vacuum in Devon, and, says the historian
1065:
1035:
992:
127:
1488:
619:
The main gate, in 2017, of Bonville's castle at Taunton, which was besieged by the Earl of Devon
6009:
5948:
5933:
5853:
5704:
5494:
1694:
The governor worked alongside Guyenne's seneschal and was responsible for assembling the ducal
1120:
to investigate sympathy for York's rebellion in the area, and the King made him a gift of ÂŁ50.
869:
4800:
Orme, N. (1999). "Representation and Rebellion in the Later Middle Ages". In Jones, H. (ed.).
4598:
Kleineke, H. (2007). ""Ăľe Kynges Citie":Exeter in the Wars of the Roses". In Clark, L. (ed.).
5968:
5893:
5848:
5524:
5468:
5424:
4914:
Rogers, C. J. (2008). "The Battle of Agincourt". In Villalon, L. J. A.; Kagay, D. J. (eds.).
1780:
1760:) to Westminster with him; from a letter of 19 January 1454 from John Studley to John Paston.
1301:
1291:
1137:
became increasingly tense. Bonville attended a council at Westminster in early 1454. This, a
1019:
667:
624:
603:
465:
263:
212:
4621:. The Fifteenth Century. Vol. XIV. Woodbridge: Boydell & Brewer. pp. 117–130.
4602:. The Fifteenth Century. Vol. VII. Woodbridge: Boydell & Brewer. pp. 137–156.
929:, as shown in 2010; Bonville attempted to lift Courtenay's siege here on multiple occasions.
607:, "without doubt Bonville ranked among the very wealthiest landowners of the West Country".
487:
With Elizabeth he had no known children, but with Isabel Kirkby he had an illegitimate son:
6079:
6074:
5999:
5943:
5504:
4339:
1448:
1335:
1279:
913:). His campaign achieved little, and Bonville himself was seriously injured in a skirmish.
873:
716:
541:
in 1414 he inherited an income of approximately ÂŁ900 per annum; for context, the historian
385:
337:
4301:
Kings, Lords and Men in Scotland and Britain, 1300-1625: Essays in Honour of Jenny Wormald
1030:
in 1451. This was an important enough political event for it to warrant the attendance of
892:—a "reliable and experienced" soldier—Bonville sailed in March the following year. He had
884:
since the previous November. The council intended that Courtenay should also help relieve
537:
Bonville's father and grandfather had both had successful careers. As such, when Bonville
8:
5878:
5549:
5464:
1588:
1487:
There is conflicting evidence regarding Philippa's relationship to William Bonville. See
1358:
1113:
663:
628:
590:
492:
369:
302:
267:
266:. His new allegiance brought him little profit; his son was killed alongside York at the
243:
228:
4337:
Griffiths, R. A. (1965). "Gruffydd ap Nicholas and the Fall of the House of Lancaster".
4263:
The English Nobility in the Late Middle Ages: The Fourteenth-Century Political Community
3997:. The Fifteenth Century. Vol. IX. Woodbridge: Boydell & Brewer. pp. 1–37.
1531:
of. By the fifteenth century, the widow was deemed entitled to her dower; the historian
938:
in the south-west, or, for that matter, elsewhere. Henry was under the influence of his
5729:
5519:
5498:
5488:
5478:
5429:
5213:
1558:
1464:
1403:
1382:
1362:
1171:
1046:
481:
461:
435:
358:
295:
224:
200:
4676:
The Nobility of Later Medieval England: The Ford Lectures for 1953 and Related Studies
1575:
651:
254:
for eighteen months, heightening the political factionalism that had riven his reign.
5918:
5903:
5873:
5544:
5413:
5368:
5349:
5332:
5313:
5294:
5291:
The Livery Collar in Late Medieval England and Wales: Politics, Identity and Affinity
5275:
5258:
5239:
5220:
5197:
5180:
5161:
5142:
5125:
5106:
5087:
4993:
4976:
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4919:
4900:
4883:
4862:
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4805:
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4679:
4660:
4641:
4622:
4603:
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4527:
4508:
4489:
4470:
4451:
4432:
4413:
4396:
4365:
4348:
4323:
4304:
4285:
4266:
4247:
4203:
4184:
4165:
4146:
4129:
4070:
4044:
4021:
3998:
3979:
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3935:
3916:
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1735:
1562:
1305:
1275:
1117:
1081:
1007:
951:
921:
898:
857:
747:
441:
Elizabeth Bonville,who by November 1446 married an important Midlands landowner, Sir
259:
247:
5103:
The Foremost Man of the Kingdom: John de Vere, Thirteenth Earl of Oxford (1442–1513)
4467:
Valois Guyenne: A Study of Politics, Government, and Society in Late Medieval France
702:
and obstructing roads that Bonville's tenants needed to use. The matter went to the
449:
These marriages further enhanced Bonville's aristocratic and political connections.
5938:
5913:
5898:
5813:
4388:
4141:
Collins, H. (1996). "The Order of the Garter, 1348–1461". In Dunn, D. E. S. (ed.).
4097:
1682:
1623:
1456:
1452:
1259:
1217:
1180:
1116:
in July 1453. King Henry—now in Exeter—appointed Bonville to a large commission of
926:
783:
712:
708:
659:
655:
594:
442:
428:
204:
4783:
Upon My Husband's Death: Widows in the Literature and Histories of Medieval Europe
4116:
5679:
1828:
1655:
1510:
1247:
1208:
1154:
1101:
1027:
970:
Bonville's association with Suffolk was not to last. In early 1450, the duke was
964:
791:
760:
751:
582:
574:
538:
420:
William Bonville, who around 1443 married Elizabeth Harington, only daughter of
409:
377:
324:
318:
251:
208:
196:
88:
4392:
4145:. The Fifteenth Century Series. Vol. IV. Stroud: Sutton. pp. 155–180.
1734:
The office of lieutenant of Aquitaine went back to at least 1278, and since the
1142:
occur. Everyone, including Bonville, was preparing for war on a national scale.
1076:
as being "an excellent choice for lieutenant" and received the constableship of
694:, whom Bonville—described as a "thrusting and able man"—accused of unilaterally
581:
landowner. In 1410 she granted Stucley a life-interest in her inheritance, with
6024:
6019:
5994:
5843:
5530:
4505:
Richard III and His Rivals: Magnates and Their Motives in the Wars of the Roses
4101:
1740:
1647:
1627:
1619:
1296:
1150:
1146:
1138:
1085:
1059:
1055:
1000:
586:
551:
346:
50:
4764:
The Medieval Gentry: Power, Leadership and Choice during the Wars of the Roses
3939:
491:
John Bonville (died 1491), who married Alice Dennis. His father granted him a
6068:
5984:
5724:
5336:
5262:
5184:
4980:
4887:
4866:
4400:
4352:
4133:
3976:
The Wars of the Roses: Politics and the Constitution in England, c. 1437–1509
3966:
3903:
3839:
Rulers and Ruled in Late Medieval England: Essays Presented to Gerald Harriss
1635:
1354:
1346:
1263:
1077:
1050:
823:
555:
469:
401:
389:
298:
1725:
Translated to English, Worcester described it as "the greatest disturbance".
1440:, "a dominant source of authority in the area remained elusive thereafter".
1338:, and in early 1460 he was commissioned to raise an army in the south-west.
1153:
of the realm during the King's incapacitation, and York appointed Salisbury
1128:
5738:
5699:
5129:
4859:
Essays on Medieval Agriculture and General Problems of the Medieval Economy
4048:
1643:
1243:
1188:
1071:
988:
967:
was attacked by "insurgents against the peace of the Church and the King".
835:
598:
333:
279:
92:
3858:
The King's Towns: Identity and Survival in Late Medieval English Boroughs
1093:
1089:
935:
906:
876:. He was not the government's only option for the post: his own retainer
703:
683:
472:. Since Elizabeth was already well connected, being the sister-in-law of
365:
354:
3135:
546:
his grandfather's patrimony, with manors in Devon, Somerset, Dorset and
5709:
5535:
5508:
5434:
4282:
The Wars of the Roses: Military Activity and English Society, 1452–1497
1815:
1798:
1175:
794:
yearly. This immediately made him an enemy of the young Earl of Devon,
720:
527:
The location of Shute, Bonville's birthplace, within Devon and England.
373:
4362:
The Reign of King Henry VI: The Exercise of Royal Authority, 1422–1461
662:. Henry V died in France in August 1422 leaving his six-month-old son
5474:
3647:
3645:
2256:
2254:
2252:
1444:
1433:
1425:
1097:
1004:
947:
939:
910:
893:
885:
861:
728:
724:
695:
679:
547:
350:
5382:
4918:. History of warfare. Vol. 52. Leiden: Brill. pp. 37–132.
2040:
2038:
615:
332:
William Bonville was born on either 12 or 31 August 1392 or 1393 in
5484:
5034:"Styuecle, Richard (d. 1440/1), of Merston and Chewton Mendip, Som"
4842:. British History in Perspective (II ed.). London: Macmillan.
4503:
Hicks, M. A. (1991). "Idealism in Late Medieval English Politics".
4160:
Fleming, P. (2005). "Politics". In Radulescu R. Truelove A. (ed.).
1605:
1412:
1308:(d. 1485), husband of Margaret, daughter of William, Lord Bonville.
1105:
787:
736:
647:
643:, sometime before his seventeenth birthday, Bonville was knighted.
640:
413:
341:
114:
3642:
3567:
2249:
1642:
in the Midlands, and, resulting in a battlefield confrontation at
1236:
4244:
The Wars of the Roses: Peace and Conflict in 15th-Century England
2035:
1536:
1350:
996:
905:. Bonville focussed on assaulting the harbour, fleet and town of
881:
853:
812:
699:
675:
632:
4067:
Patronage, the Crown and the Provinces in Later Medieval England
1160:
3820:
Property and Politics: Essays in Later Medieval English History
3528:
3242:
1592:
1574:
Clarence had predeceased King Henry, having been killed at the
1528:
1421:
1386:
1361:, where the Yorkist army went down to a crushing defeat by the
1204:
756:
563:
291:
5331:. Vol. II: Biographies. London: H. M. Stationery Office.
2765:
2753:
2491:
2489:
1389:
the same day; the executions were met with what the historian
1003:
with a force of over 5,000 men—a crisis that the contemporary
864:. Courtenay, says Griffiths, "disdainfully made his excuses".
4600:
Conflicts, Consequences and the Crown in the Late Middle Ages
4581:
Studies on Medieval and Early Modern Women: Pawns Or Players?
3620:
3618:
2676:
1953:
1951:
1949:
1947:
1945:
1943:
1941:
1939:
1937:
1935:
1933:
1931:
1929:
1927:
1925:
1923:
1921:
1919:
1917:
1915:
1913:
1911:
1909:
1907:
1905:
1903:
1901:
1899:
1897:
1895:
1893:
1891:
1889:
1887:
1885:
1883:
1881:
1879:
975:
963:. In 1446 Bonville suppressed a revolt in Somerset, in which
827:
578:
570:
3759:
3368:
3366:
3338:
3336:
2366:
1877:
1875:
1873:
1871:
1869:
1867:
1865:
1863:
1861:
1859:
1814:
Other cadet branches of the family remained; for example at
1373:
The Lancastrians proceeded to march south; Salisbury's son,
495:
in 1453, and at death bequeathed him "substantial" property.
392:
has suggested, was instrumental in Bonville's own marriage.
5236:
The Politics of Fifteenth-Century England: John Vale's Book
4469:. Studies in History 71. Woodbridge: Boydell & Brewer.
4303:. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. pp. 193–226.
4164:. Manchester: Manchester University Press. pp. 50–62.
4018:
The Fifteenth-century Inquisitions Post Mortem: A Companion
3696:
3603:
2786:
2784:
2782:
2780:
2707:
2705:
2703:
2555:
2553:
2551:
2549:
2547:
2545:
2486:
2440:
2438:
2278:
2090:
2088:
2086:
2084:
1756:) that he could, and that having done so, he brought them (
1460:
1274:
soon became just one battlefield in the broader one of the
1255:
955:
559:
5367:. Yale English Monarchs. Berkeley: Yale University Press.
5059:"Bonville, Sir William II (c. 1392–1461), of Shute, Devon"
5032:
Roskell, J. S.; Clark, L. & Rawcliffe, C. R. (1993b).
5007:
Roskell, J. S.; Clark, L. & Rawcliffe, C. R. (1993a).
4202:. Vol. II (repr. ed.). Gloucester: Alan Sutton.
4128:. Vol. 2 (2nd ed.). London: St Catherine Press.
3896:
Crime and Public Order in England in the Later Middle Ages
3749:
3747:
3615:
3184:
3182:
3180:
3178:
3176:
3174:
2530:
2410:
2408:
2215:
2213:
2211:
2184:
2162:
2160:
2123:
1970:
1968:
1966:
480:, this marriage greatly increased Bonville's links to the
270:
in December 1460, while Bonville himself took part in the
6140:
Members of the Parliament of England (pre-1707) for Devon
4564:. Oxford Historical Monographs. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
4143:
Courts, Counties and the Capital in the Later Middle Ages
3783:
3363:
3333:
3302:
3159:
3039:
2861:
2859:
2518:
2329:
2327:
2325:
2323:
2321:
2319:
2317:
2121:
2119:
2117:
2115:
2113:
2111:
2109:
2107:
2105:
2103:
1856:
1123:
1068:. Bonville has been described by historians connected to
888:, although in the event he did not do so. Accompanied by
646:
In 1421, Bonville acted as one of the Duke of Clarence's
438:, whose mother was from a branch of the Courtenay family.
427:
Margaret Bonville, who married Sir William Courtenay, of
246:
granted Bonville the profitable office of steward of the
5274:. Norwich: University of East Anglia. pp. 286–308.
5009:"Bonville, Sir William I (c.1332–1408), of Shute, Devon"
3732:
3720:
3579:
3480:
3468:
3444:
3353:
3351:
3218:
3111:
3063:
3051:
2943:
2907:
2895:
2883:
2844:
2832:
2777:
2729:
2700:
2640:
2594:
2592:
2542:
2508:
2506:
2504:
2450:
2435:
2302:
2172:
2081:
2025:
2023:
2021:
2019:
2017:
2015:
2013:
2011:
2009:
2007:
1468:
dower. She died 18 October 1471 having never remarried.
434:
Philippa Bonville,who married Sir William Grenville, of
3795:
3771:
3744:
3684:
3674:
3672:
3657:
3557:
3555:
3492:
3432:
3420:
3410:
3408:
3383:
3381:
3323:
3321:
3319:
3317:
3254:
3230:
3206:
3171:
3147:
2565:
2425:
2423:
2405:
2383:
2381:
2344:
2342:
2290:
2208:
2157:
1963:
1183:
was reserved for the Earl of Salisbury's youngest son,
6120:
People executed under the Plantagenets by decapitation
5031:
5006:
4804:. Exeter: University of Exeter Press. pp. 14–46.
4448:
The Dead and the Living in Paris and London, 1500–1670
3708:
3540:
3504:
3456:
3290:
3278:
3266:
2967:
2955:
2919:
2856:
2741:
2616:
2314:
2260:
2225:
2196:
2145:
2133:
2100:
2044:
1992:
1980:
4876:
Report and Transactions of the Devonshire Association
4087:"Bonville, William, First Baron Bonville (1392–1461)"
4012:
Carpenter, C. (2012). "The Lesser Landowners and the
3630:
3591:
3516:
3348:
3027:
3015:
2979:
2931:
2808:
2796:
2717:
2604:
2589:
2501:
2462:
2354:
2071:
2069:
2067:
2065:
2063:
2061:
2059:
2057:
2055:
2053:
2004:
1711:
William Tailboys has been described by the historian
909:
itself (French chroniclers referred to Bonville as a
610:
4874:
Radford, G.H. (1912). "The Fight at Clyst in 1455".
3669:
3552:
3405:
3393:
3378:
3314:
3194:
3123:
3075:
3003:
2991:
2820:
2652:
2628:
2474:
2420:
2378:
2339:
2266:
2237:
3946:
3651:
3573:
2871:
2393:
1321:. The modern historians Roskell and Woodger in the
376:and marriage into his own hands. This was valuable
5212:
5179:. Bruxelles: Presses universitaires de Bruxelles.
4956:. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
4695:England in the Fifteenth Century: Collected Essays
4524:English Political Culture in the Fifteenth Century
4085:
2688:
2577:
2050:
1844:
1080:. He also received grants of lands and estates in
361:as a "capable, energetic and well-connected man".
195:(12 or 31 August 1392 – 18 February 1461), was an
4916:The Hundred Years War (Part II): Different Vistas
4638:Kingship and Masculinity in Late Medieval England
3947:Burley, P.; Elliott, M. & Watson, H. (2007).
3099:
3087:
2664:
1132:Map of the location of the Clyst engagement, 1455
6066:
5194:The Transformation of Medieval England 1370–1529
4990:Parliament and Politics in Late Medieval England
4181:Peasants and Landlords in Later Medieval England
1827:Apart from the Bonville and Courtenay families,
1527:, or dower—usually a third of everything he was
1443:Although executed for treason, Bonville escaped
1432:and Bonville's old ally Sir Philip Courtenay of
1058:through the south-west, he stayed at Bonville's
5124:. Vol. I. London: Longmans, Green and Co.
4899:. Washington, DC: University Press of America.
4429:From Wakefield to Towton: The Wars of the Roses
4124:Cokayne, George E. (1912). Gibbs, V. E. (ed.).
1237:Bonville's challenge and Courtenay's ascendancy
978:as a result. Suffolk was subsequently murdered
790:for life, for which he received a salary of 40
5056:
4992:. Vol. III. London: Bloomsbury Academic.
1957:
1702:, "that ultimately determined his importance".
1187:, and in November Bonville received a general
961:Willelmo Bonville domino Bonville et de Chuton
766:
589:. Stucley based his claim on the tradition of
468:this placed her within a prohibited degree of
5398:
4219:"King's Lieutenants in the Duchy (1278–1453)"
4020:. Woodbridge: Boydell Press. pp. 47–78.
3934:(new ed.). London: Harrison & sons.
3913:The Medieval Soldier in the Wars of the Roses
3877:Agincourt: The King, the Campaign, the Battle
1587:Prior to the 1430s, he was only appointed to
1539:could reduce an inheritance over generations.
1368:
1161:Battle of St Albans and Bonville's ascendancy
456:and daughter of his grandfather's associate
27:For other people named William Bonville, see
5326:
4364:. Berkeley: University of California Press.
4260:
4216:
4096:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
3841:. London: Hambledon Press. pp. 99–116.
3702:
2495:
1974:
1317:, daughter of the powerful northern magnate
285:
5136:
5086:(2nd ed.). London: Thames and Hudson.
4975:. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
4785:. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
4507:. London: Hambledon Press. pp. 41–60.
3822:. Gloucester: Alan Sutton. pp. 15–35.
2536:
140:
5405:
5391:
5346:The Later Middle Ages in England 1216–1485
5174:
4241:
3372:
2901:
2771:
1194:In the south-west, Bonville and his ally,
274:two months later on the losing side; with
5343:
5312:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
4951:
4932:
4861:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
4692:
4673:
4450:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
4378:
4359:
4336:
4011:
3992:
3978:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
3973:
3789:
3738:
3534:
3474:
3342:
3308:
3248:
3224:
3165:
3069:
3057:
2949:
2913:
2889:
2850:
2838:
2790:
2759:
2735:
2711:
2682:
2646:
2571:
2559:
2456:
2444:
2372:
2308:
2178:
2094:
1998:
1986:
1381:on 17 February 1461. Bonville—along with
1149:eventually appointed the Duke of York as
666:as his heir, and his surviving brothers,
395:
5141:. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
5119:
5084:The Wars of the Roses: A Concise History
4654:
4616:
4597:
4410:A Short History of the Wars of the Roses
4407:
4197:
4060:(Thesis). University of Wales (Swansea).
4058:The Crown and Political Society in Devon
3910:
3765:
3726:
3690:
3663:
3585:
3486:
3450:
3260:
3212:
3117:
2414:
2296:
2284:
2219:
2166:
1447:due to the victory a few weeks later of
1295:
1127:
950:between King Henry and his bride-to-be,
920:
711:in 1423, although he received few other
614:
380:, which the King granted firstly to Sir
323:
199:and an important, powerful landowner in
6100:English politicians convicted of crimes
5635:Henry Percy, 3rd Earl of Northumberland
5630:Henry Percy, 2nd Earl of Northumberland
5327:Wedgwood, J. C. & Holt, A. (1936).
5191:
4987:
4970:
4873:
4837:
4818:
4583:. Dublin: Four Courts. pp. 59–74.
4559:
4445:
4279:
4162:Gentry Culture in Late-Medieval England
4159:
4140:
4123:
4093:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
4069:. Stroud: A. Sutton. pp. 123–144.
4064:
4055:
3893:
3855:
3801:
3777:
3753:
3714:
3609:
3498:
3438:
3426:
3236:
3188:
3153:
2973:
2961:
2937:
2925:
2865:
2747:
2622:
2512:
2468:
2333:
2202:
2190:
2151:
2139:
2127:
2029:
573:. His mother had remarried in 1397, to
550:. The Fitzroger estates were mainly in
357:. He has been described by the scholar
65:Sable, six mullets argent pierced gules
14:
6115:People executed under the Lancastrians
6067:
5555:Edward of Westminster, Prince of Wales
5362:
5269:
5155:
5139:Vengeance in Medieval Europe: A Reader
5137:Smail, D. L. & Gibson, K. (2009).
4913:
4894:
4856:
4802:Historical Atlas of South-West England
4780:
4761:
4464:
4317:
4083:
4034:
3874:
3836:
3817:
3624:
3546:
3510:
3296:
3284:
3272:
3045:
3033:
3021:
3009:
2997:
2985:
2814:
2802:
2723:
2658:
2610:
2598:
2524:
2429:
2387:
2360:
2348:
2272:
2243:
2075:
1672:outright confusion and contradiction".
1420:. A portion of the patrimony had been
1124:Henry's illness and Yorkist government
474:William Harington, 5th Baron Harington
422:William Harington, 5th Baron Harington
5650:Humphrey Stafford, Duke of Buckingham
5625:Thomas Neville, Bastard of Fauconberg
5565:Edmund Beaufort, 4th Duke of Somerset
5560:Edmund Beaufort, 2nd Duke of Somerset
5550:Elizabeth Woodville, Queen of England
5412:
5386:
5310:Henry VI and the Politics of Kingship
5307:
5215:Crown and Nobility: England 1272–1461
5044:from the original on 12 December 2019
4635:
4578:
4540:
4521:
4502:
4483:
4426:
4298:
4246:. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson.
4178:
3929:
3678:
3636:
3597:
3522:
3414:
3387:
3357:
3327:
3200:
3141:
3081:
2877:
2826:
2634:
2480:
2231:
1850:
1463:. Edward IV's cousin and chancellor,
1226:name that they could not be ignored.
682:, bringing with him a retinue of ten
532:
5804:George Plantagenet, Duke of Clarence
5293:. Woodbridge: Boydell & Brewer.
5288:
5252:
5233:
5210:
5105:. Woodbridge: Boydell & Brewer.
5100:
5081:
4935:Nobles and the Noble Life, 1295–1500
4799:
4736:
4711:
4322:. Woodbridge: Boydell & Brewer.
4223:The Gascon Rolls Project (1317–1468)
3995:English and Continental Perspectives
3561:
3462:
3399:
3129:
3105:
3093:
2694:
2670:
2583:
2399:
2261:Roskell, Clark & Rawcliffe 1993b
2045:Roskell, Clark & Rawcliffe 1993a
1650:killed in action, the feud over the
1634:and James, Earl of Wiltshire on the
1513:equivalent to two-thirds of a pound.
1491:(Bonville's first wife) for details.
1285:
1026:) between Bonville and Courtenay at
1014:". Fighting alongside Courtenay was
650:following the latter's death at the
301:. Bonville's grandfather had been a
290:The Bonvilles were one of the major
188:William Bonville, 1st Baron Bonville
5799:Edmund Plantagenet, Earl of Rutland
5685:Thomas Clifford, 8th Baron Clifford
5545:Margaret of Anjou, Queen of England
5257:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
5219:(2nd ed.). Oxford: Blackwell.
5069:from the original on 11 August 2018
5019:from the original on 11 August 2018
4749:from the original on 15 August 2018
4724:from the original on 15 August 2018
4545:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
1483:
1481:
944:William de la Pole, Duke of Suffolk
558:, and the south-east of England in
478:Thomas Courtenay, 5th Earl of Devon
458:Edward Courtenay, 3rd Earl of Devon
454:John Harington, 4th Baron Harington
24:
5779:Richard Neville, Earl of Salisbury
5749:Thomas FitzGerald, Earl of Desmond
5645:Henry Stafford, Duke of Buckingham
5160:(repr. ed.). Stroud: Sutton.
3144:, pp. 324 + n.274, 338 n.328.
1319:Richard Neville, Earl of Salisbury
1108:, making him, wrote the historian
834:
811:
611:Political career and royal service
25:
6151:
5754:William Herbert, Earl of Pembroke
5670:George Talbot, Earl of Shrewsbury
5615:John Neville, Marquess of Montagu
5158:The End of the House of Lancaster
4766:. London: Bloomsbury Publishing.
4619:Essays Presented to Michael Hicks
3652:Burley, Elliott & Watson 2007
3574:Burley, Elliott & Watson 2007
29:William Bonville (disambiguation)
6130:People of the Hundred Years' War
6047:
6046:
5809:Humphrey Stafford, Earl of Devon
5759:William Hastings, Baron Hastings
5744:John de la Pole, Earl of Lincoln
5728:
5620:Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick
5575:Henry Beaufort, Duke of Somerset
5570:John Beaumont, Viscount Beaumont
5534:
5523:
5507:
5497:
5487:
5477:
5467:
5329:History of Parliament: 1439–1509
4954:Old Age in Late Medieval England
4821:Late Medieval England, 1399–1509
4543:The Fifteenth Century, 1399–1485
1821:
1808:
1786:
1773:
1763:
1746:
1478:
782:In 1437, Bonville was appointed
508:
501:
408:. Lord Grey promised to pay 200
57:
6135:People of the Wars of the Roses
6125:People from East Devon District
6030:Second Cornish uprising of 1497
5769:Francis Lovell, Viscount Lovell
5675:John Talbot, Earl of Shrewsbury
1728:
1719:
1705:
1688:
1675:
1661:
1638:, between William Tailboys and
1611:
1598:
1581:
1568:
1551:
1542:
1516:
1509:A medieval English mark was an
1503:
1451:—son of Richard of York—at the
1418:Thomas Grey, Marquess of Dorset
1196:James Butler, Earl of Wiltshire
1038:as the King's representatives.
237:Thomas Courtenay, Earl of Devon
5990:Issue of Edward III of England
5739:Anne Neville, Queen of England
5700:Jasper Tudor, Earl of Pembroke
5695:Edmund Tudor, Earl of Richmond
4562:Duke Richard of York 1411–1460
4284:. New York: Barnes and Noble.
3860:. Frankfurt am Main: P. Lang.
1500:Occasionally spelt Bonneville.
1494:
627:in 1415, and joined Henry V's
406:Reginald, Baron Grey of Ruthin
317:"; she echoed the medievalist
227:'s brother, and fought in the
13:
1:
6090:15th-century English nobility
5964:Stafford and Lovell rebellion
5789:William Neville, Earl of Kent
5774:John Mowbray, Duke of Norfolk
5715:Edward Woodville, Lord Scales
5660:George Stanley, Baron Strange
5655:Thomas Stanley, Earl of Derby
5605:Henry Holland, Duke of Exeter
5600:John Courtenay, Earl of Devon
5595:John Clifford, Baron Clifford
5580:John Sutton, 1st Baron Dudley
1838:
1595:in April 1418 and March 1419.
509:
5864:Siege of the Tower of London
5764:John Howard, Duke of Norfolk
5585:James Butler, Earl of Ormond
4117:UK public library membership
1397:
1334:against the Yorkists at the
916:
820:TNA, document SC 8/269-13408
777:
672:Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester
601:, and as a result, says the
235:with his powerful neighbour
162:John Bonville (illegitimate)
7:
5924:1470 Lincolnshire Rebellion
5610:John Neville, Baron Neville
5590:John Butler, Earl of Ormond
5122:Life and Reign of Edward IV
4937:. London: Allen and Unwin.
4697:. London: Hambledon Press.
4678:. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
4431:. Barnsley: Pen and Sword.
3951:. Barnsley: Pen and Sword.
1630:families in the northwest,
767:Feud with the Earl of Devon
10:
6156:
5690:James Tuchet, Baron Audley
5192:Thomson, J. A. F. (1983).
4745:. University of Michigan.
4720:. University of Michigan.
3879:. St Ives: Little, Brown.
3810:
1958:Roskell & Woodger 1993
1795:Battle of Mortimer's Cross
1379:Second Battle of St Albans
1369:Second Battle of St Albans
1289:
1016:Edward Brooke, Lord Cobham
770:
272:Second Battle of St Albans
217:English invasion of France
108:Second Battle of St Albans
104:18 February 1461 (aged 68)
26:
6040:
5977:
5831:
5723:
5518:
5455:
5448:
5420:
5063:The History of Parliament
5038:The History of Parliament
5013:The History of Parliament
4952:Rosenthal, J. T. (1996).
4933:Rosenthal, J. T. (1976).
4743:Middle English Dictionary
4718:Middle English Dictionary
4693:McFarlane, K. B. (1981).
4674:McFarlane, K. B. (1973).
4488:. Oxford: Longman Group.
4393:10.1093/ehr/XCIX.CCCXC.67
4381:English Historical Review
4360:Griffiths, R. A. (1981).
4261:Given-Wilson, C. (1987).
4016:". In Hicks M. A. (ed.).
3949:The Battles of St. Albans
1168:First Battle of St Albans
808:
286:Background and early life
215:. In 1415, he joined the
177:
169:
135:
123:
113:
100:
81:
71:
56:
48:
41:
5120:Scofield, C. L. (1923).
4200:Paston letters 1422–1509
4014:Inquisitions Post Mortem
3911:Boardman, A. W. (1998).
3703:Wedgwood & Holt 1936
1471:
1375:Richard, Earl of Warwick
1231:Michael Hicks, historian
1043:Edmund, Duke of Somerset
925:The western entrance of
637:Thomas, Duke of Clarence
221:Thomas, Duke of Clarence
6005:Bonville–Courtenay feud
5238:. Stroud: Alan Sutton.
5175:Thielemans, M. (1966).
4988:Roskell, J. S. (1983).
4971:Roskell, J. S. (1954).
4838:Pollard, A. J. (2001).
4819:Pollard, A. J. (2000).
4659:. Abingdon: Routledge.
4655:Matusiak, John (2012).
4560:Johnson, P. A. (1988).
4242:Gillingham, J. (1993).
3894:Bellamy, J. G. (1973).
3856:Attreed, L. C. (2001).
2537:Smail & Gibson 2009
1332:Edward, Prince of Wales
1272:Bonville–Courtenay feud
1066:lieutenant of Aquitaine
773:Bonville–Courtenay feud
741:concealment of treasure
635:of the King's brother,
625:royal service in France
6105:High sheriffs of Devon
5954:Buckingham's rebellion
5934:Readeption of Henry VI
5363:Wolffe, B. P. (1981).
5344:Wilkinson, B. (1995).
5156:Storey, R. L. (1999).
4897:Lancastrian Englishmen
4895:Reeves, A. C. (1981).
4857:Postan, M. M. (1973).
4412:. London: I.B.Tauris.
4318:Gribit, N. A. (2016).
4102:10.1093/ref:odnb/50217
3974:Carpenter, C. (1997).
1685:on behalf of its lord.
1548:Also spelled Styuecle.
1309:
1228:
1133:
1036:Jacquetta, Lady Rivers
930:
839:
816:
620:
460:. The couple required
396:Marriages and children
329:
6110:Knights of the Garter
5640:Thomas Ros, Baron Ros
5425:Red Rose of Lancaster
5348:. London: Routledge.
5196:. London: Routledge.
4840:The Wars of the Roses
4640:. London: Routledge.
4541:Jacob, E. F. (1993).
4526:. London: Routledge.
4522:Hicks, M. A. (2002).
4486:Warwick the Kingmaker
4484:Hicks, M. A. (1998).
4408:Grummitt, D. (2013).
4265:. London: Routledge.
4217:Gascon Rolls (2014).
4198:Gairdner, J. (1986).
4179:Fryde, E. B. (1996).
3898:. London: Routledge.
1365:on 30 December 1460.
1343:Battle of Northampton
1323:History of Parliament
1299:
1292:The Wars of the Roses
1223:
1131:
985:Richard, Duke of York
924:
838:
815:
668:John, Duke of Bedford
618:
604:History of Parliament
372:took both Bonville's
327:
282:on 18 February 1461.
276:the new Earl of Devon
264:Richard, Duke of York
6015:Neville–Neville feud
6000:Princes in the Tower
5082:Ross, C. D. (1994).
4636:Lewis, K. J (2013).
4446:Harding, V. (2002).
4340:Welsh History Review
4280:Goodman, A. (1981).
4056:Cherry, M. (1981a).
3537:, p. 841 n.175.
3251:, p. 770 n.202.
2774:, pp. 160, 338.
2762:, p. 469 n.141.
1652:Berkeley inheritance
1640:Ralph, Lord Cromwell
1589:commissions of array
1416:. She later married
1280:Knight of the Garter
1032:Richard, Lord Rivers
874:seneschal of Gascony
822:: The petition of a
717:justice of the peace
631:, travelling in the
524:class=notpageimage|
386:Edward, Duke of York
368:. As was customary,
338:member of Parliament
85:12 or 31 August 1392
5794:Sir Richard Herbert
4823:. London: Longman.
4781:Mirrer, L. (1992).
4762:Mercer, M. (2010).
4465:Harris, R. (1994).
4084:Cherry, M. (2004).
3930:Burke, B. (1864) .
3875:Barker, J. (2009).
3768:, pp. 124–125.
3627:, pp. 174–175.
3612:, pp. 138–139.
3048:, pp. 259–260.
2685:, p. 601 n.79.
2527:, pp. 114–115.
2375:, pp. 574–575.
2287:, pp. 232–233.
2193:, pp. 218–219.
1669:Christine Carpenter
1359:Battle of Wakefield
1181:Bishopric of Exeter
1114:Battle of Castillon
974:House of Lords and
959:end of his life as
880:had been governing
878:Sir Philip Chetwynd
674:as the baby King's
623:Bonville undertook
493:financial endowment
400:In 1414 he married
311:Christine Carpenter
268:Battle of Wakefield
181:Elizabeth Fitzroger
131:Elizabeth Courtenay
6010:Percy–Neville feud
5889:St Albans (Second)
5784:Sir Thomas Neville
5430:White Rose of York
5308:Watts, J. (1996).
4427:Haigh, P. (2002).
4229:on 22 October 2019
4183:. Stroud: Sutton.
3915:. Stroud: Sutton.
1578:the previous year.
1559:Clifford J. Rogers
1465:Archbishop of York
1383:Sir Thomas Kyriell
1310:
1172:pre-emptive strike
1134:
1012:maxima perturbatio
948:betrothal ceremony
931:
840:
817:
788:county of Cornwall
629:Agincourt campaign
621:
533:Estates and wealth
462:papal dispensation
330:
305:of the 11th Earl,
233:involved in a feud
229:Agincourt campaign
219:in the retinue of
213:Hundred Years' War
201:south-west England
159:Elizabeth Bonville
63:Arms of Bonville:
6060:
6059:
5839:St Albans (First)
5827:
5826:
5705:Margaret Beaufort
5414:Wars of the Roses
5374:978-0-30008-926-4
5355:978-1-31787-323-5
5319:978-0-52165-393-0
5300:978-1-78327-115-3
5289:Ward, M. (2016).
5281:978-0-90621-944-7
5253:Vale, M. (1970).
5245:978-0-75090-913-6
5226:978-0-63121-466-3
5211:Tuck, A. (1999).
5203:978-1-31787-260-3
5167:978-0-75092-007-0
5148:978-1-44260-126-0
5112:978-1-78327-005-7
5101:Ross, J. (2011).
5093:978-0-50027-407-1
4999:978-0-90762-830-9
4963:978-0-81223-355-1
4944:978-0-04942-139-4
4925:978-9-00416-821-3
4906:978-0-81911-943-8
4849:978-1-13712-166-0
4830:978-0-58203-135-7
4811:978-0-85989-434-0
4792:978-0-47210-257-0
4773:978-1-44114-083-8
4714:"Puissaunce (n.)"
4704:978-0-82644-191-1
4685:978-0-19822-657-4
4666:978-0-41562-027-7
4647:978-1-13445-453-2
4628:978-1-78327-048-4
4609:978-1-84383-333-8
4590:978-1-85182-775-6
4571:978-0-19820-268-4
4552:978-0-19285-286-1
4533:978-0-41521-764-4
4514:978-1-85285-053-1
4495:978-0-63123-593-4
4476:978-0-86193-226-9
4457:978-0-52181-126-2
4438:978-1-47382-039-5
4419:978-1-84885-875-6
4371:978-0-52004-372-5
4329:978-1-78327-117-7
4310:978-0-74869-151-7
4291:978-1-13814-851-2
4272:978-0-41514-883-2
4253:978-1-84212-274-7
4209:978-0-86299-306-1
4190:978-0-75092-255-5
4171:978-0-71906-825-6
4152:978-0-75091-149-8
4115:(Subscription or
4076:978-0-90438-745-2
4027:978-1-84383-712-1
4004:978-1-84383-607-0
3985:978-0-52131-874-7
3958:978-1-84415-569-9
3922:978-0-75091-465-9
3886:978-0-74812-219-6
3867:978-0-82045-163-3
3848:978-1-85285-133-0
3829:978-0-86299-163-0
3465:, pp. 41–44.
2496:Given-Wilson 1987
2234:, pp. 59–60.
1975:Gascon Rolls 2014
1736:Duke of Aquitaine
1632:John, Lord Talbot
1563:siege of Harfleur
1430:Humphrey Stafford
1315:Katherine Neville
1306:William Courtenay
1286:Wars of the Roses
1170:on the 22nd in a
1118:oyer and terminer
1008:William Worcester
952:Margaret of Anjou
858:Duchy of Cornwall
849:
848:
733:Earl of Warwick's
692:Sir Thomas Brooke
347:Abbot of Newenham
278:watching, he was
260:Wars of the Roses
248:Duchy of Cornwall
185:
184:
173:Sir John Bonville
156:Margaret Bonville
150:Philippa Bonville
16:(Redirected from
6147:
6085:English MPs 1422
6050:
6049:
5884:Mortimer's Cross
5814:Margaret of York
5732:
5538:
5527:
5511:
5501:
5491:
5481:
5471:
5453:
5452:
5407:
5400:
5393:
5384:
5383:
5378:
5359:
5340:
5323:
5304:
5285:
5266:
5249:
5230:
5218:
5207:
5188:
5171:
5152:
5133:
5116:
5097:
5078:
5076:
5074:
5053:
5051:
5049:
5028:
5026:
5024:
5003:
4984:
4967:
4948:
4929:
4910:
4891:
4870:
4853:
4834:
4815:
4796:
4777:
4758:
4756:
4754:
4733:
4731:
4729:
4708:
4689:
4670:
4651:
4632:
4613:
4594:
4575:
4556:
4537:
4518:
4499:
4480:
4461:
4442:
4423:
4404:
4375:
4356:
4333:
4314:
4295:
4276:
4257:
4238:
4236:
4234:
4213:
4194:
4175:
4156:
4137:
4120:
4112:
4110:
4108:
4089:
4080:
4061:
4052:
4037:Southern History
4031:
4008:
3989:
3970:
3943:
3926:
3907:
3890:
3871:
3852:
3833:
3805:
3799:
3793:
3787:
3781:
3775:
3769:
3763:
3757:
3751:
3742:
3736:
3730:
3724:
3718:
3712:
3706:
3700:
3694:
3688:
3682:
3676:
3667:
3661:
3655:
3649:
3640:
3634:
3628:
3622:
3613:
3607:
3601:
3595:
3589:
3583:
3577:
3571:
3565:
3559:
3550:
3544:
3538:
3532:
3526:
3520:
3514:
3508:
3502:
3496:
3490:
3484:
3478:
3472:
3466:
3460:
3454:
3448:
3442:
3436:
3430:
3424:
3418:
3412:
3403:
3397:
3391:
3385:
3376:
3370:
3361:
3355:
3346:
3340:
3331:
3325:
3312:
3306:
3300:
3294:
3288:
3282:
3276:
3270:
3264:
3258:
3252:
3246:
3240:
3234:
3228:
3222:
3216:
3210:
3204:
3198:
3192:
3186:
3169:
3163:
3157:
3151:
3145:
3139:
3133:
3127:
3121:
3115:
3109:
3103:
3097:
3091:
3085:
3079:
3073:
3067:
3061:
3055:
3049:
3043:
3037:
3031:
3025:
3019:
3013:
3007:
3001:
2995:
2989:
2983:
2977:
2971:
2965:
2959:
2953:
2947:
2941:
2935:
2929:
2923:
2917:
2911:
2905:
2899:
2893:
2887:
2881:
2875:
2869:
2863:
2854:
2848:
2842:
2836:
2830:
2824:
2818:
2812:
2806:
2800:
2794:
2788:
2775:
2769:
2763:
2757:
2751:
2745:
2739:
2733:
2727:
2721:
2715:
2709:
2698:
2692:
2686:
2680:
2674:
2668:
2662:
2656:
2650:
2644:
2638:
2632:
2626:
2620:
2614:
2608:
2602:
2596:
2587:
2581:
2575:
2569:
2563:
2557:
2540:
2534:
2528:
2522:
2516:
2510:
2499:
2493:
2484:
2478:
2472:
2466:
2460:
2454:
2448:
2442:
2433:
2427:
2418:
2412:
2403:
2397:
2391:
2385:
2376:
2370:
2364:
2358:
2352:
2346:
2337:
2331:
2312:
2306:
2300:
2294:
2288:
2282:
2276:
2270:
2264:
2258:
2247:
2241:
2235:
2229:
2223:
2217:
2206:
2200:
2194:
2188:
2182:
2176:
2170:
2164:
2155:
2149:
2143:
2137:
2131:
2125:
2098:
2092:
2079:
2073:
2048:
2042:
2033:
2027:
2002:
1996:
1990:
1984:
1978:
1972:
1961:
1955:
1854:
1848:
1832:
1825:
1819:
1812:
1806:
1790:
1784:
1777:
1771:
1767:
1761:
1750:
1744:
1732:
1726:
1723:
1717:
1709:
1703:
1692:
1686:
1683:Duchy of Gascony
1679:
1673:
1665:
1659:
1615:
1609:
1602:
1596:
1585:
1579:
1572:
1566:
1555:
1549:
1546:
1540:
1520:
1514:
1507:
1501:
1498:
1492:
1485:
1453:Battle of Towton
1363:Lancastrian army
1260:Powderham Castle
1232:
1218:Nicholas Radford
1092:of Lydford, the
972:impeached in the
927:Powderham Castle
843:
831:
806:
805:
796:Thomas Courtenay
752:Duke of Burgundy
739:, smuggling and
735:fleet in 1438),
709:Sheriff of Devon
686:and 30 archers.
656:heir presumptive
512:
511:
505:
443:William Tailboys
316:
309:. The historian
205:Late Middle Ages
197:English nobleman
194:
153:William Bonville
144:
96:
61:
43:William Bonville
39:
38:
21:
18:William Bonville
6155:
6154:
6150:
6149:
6148:
6146:
6145:
6144:
6095:Barons Bonville
6065:
6064:
6061:
6056:
6036:
5973:
5949:Siege of London
5823:
5819:Richard of York
5727:
5719:
5680:Andrew Trollope
5665:William Stanley
5533:
5529:
5528:
5522:
5514:
5444:
5416:
5411:
5381:
5375:
5356:
5320:
5301:
5282:
5246:
5227:
5204:
5168:
5149:
5113:
5094:
5072:
5070:
5047:
5045:
5022:
5020:
5000:
4964:
4945:
4926:
4907:
4850:
4831:
4812:
4793:
4774:
4752:
4750:
4727:
4725:
4705:
4686:
4667:
4648:
4629:
4610:
4591:
4572:
4553:
4534:
4515:
4496:
4477:
4458:
4439:
4420:
4372:
4330:
4311:
4292:
4273:
4254:
4232:
4230:
4210:
4191:
4172:
4153:
4114:
4106:
4104:
4077:
4028:
4005:
3986:
3959:
3923:
3887:
3868:
3849:
3830:
3813:
3808:
3800:
3796:
3788:
3784:
3776:
3772:
3764:
3760:
3752:
3745:
3737:
3733:
3725:
3721:
3713:
3709:
3701:
3697:
3689:
3685:
3677:
3670:
3662:
3658:
3650:
3643:
3635:
3631:
3623:
3616:
3608:
3604:
3596:
3592:
3584:
3580:
3572:
3568:
3560:
3553:
3545:
3541:
3533:
3529:
3521:
3517:
3509:
3505:
3497:
3493:
3485:
3481:
3473:
3469:
3461:
3457:
3449:
3445:
3437:
3433:
3425:
3421:
3413:
3406:
3398:
3394:
3386:
3379:
3373:Gillingham 1993
3371:
3364:
3356:
3349:
3341:
3334:
3326:
3315:
3307:
3303:
3295:
3291:
3283:
3279:
3271:
3267:
3259:
3255:
3247:
3243:
3235:
3231:
3223:
3219:
3211:
3207:
3199:
3195:
3187:
3172:
3164:
3160:
3152:
3148:
3140:
3136:
3128:
3124:
3116:
3112:
3104:
3100:
3092:
3088:
3080:
3076:
3068:
3064:
3056:
3052:
3044:
3040:
3032:
3028:
3020:
3016:
3008:
3004:
2996:
2992:
2984:
2980:
2972:
2968:
2960:
2956:
2948:
2944:
2936:
2932:
2924:
2920:
2912:
2908:
2902:Gillingham 1993
2900:
2896:
2888:
2884:
2876:
2872:
2864:
2857:
2849:
2845:
2837:
2833:
2825:
2821:
2813:
2809:
2801:
2797:
2789:
2778:
2772:Thielemans 1966
2770:
2766:
2758:
2754:
2746:
2742:
2734:
2730:
2722:
2718:
2710:
2701:
2693:
2689:
2681:
2677:
2669:
2665:
2657:
2653:
2645:
2641:
2633:
2629:
2621:
2617:
2609:
2605:
2597:
2590:
2582:
2578:
2570:
2566:
2558:
2543:
2535:
2531:
2523:
2519:
2511:
2502:
2494:
2487:
2479:
2475:
2467:
2463:
2455:
2451:
2443:
2436:
2428:
2421:
2413:
2406:
2398:
2394:
2386:
2379:
2371:
2367:
2359:
2355:
2347:
2340:
2332:
2315:
2307:
2303:
2295:
2291:
2283:
2279:
2271:
2267:
2259:
2250:
2242:
2238:
2230:
2226:
2218:
2209:
2201:
2197:
2189:
2185:
2177:
2173:
2165:
2158:
2150:
2146:
2138:
2134:
2126:
2101:
2093:
2082:
2074:
2051:
2043:
2036:
2028:
2005:
1997:
1993:
1985:
1981:
1973:
1964:
1956:
1857:
1849:
1845:
1841:
1836:
1835:
1829:K. B. McFarlane
1826:
1822:
1813:
1809:
1791:
1787:
1778:
1774:
1768:
1764:
1751:
1747:
1733:
1729:
1724:
1720:
1710:
1706:
1693:
1689:
1680:
1676:
1666:
1662:
1656:Gloucestershire
1616:
1612:
1603:
1599:
1586:
1582:
1576:Battle of Baugé
1573:
1569:
1556:
1552:
1547:
1543:
1521:
1517:
1511:accounting unit
1508:
1504:
1499:
1495:
1486:
1479:
1474:
1400:
1371:
1336:1459 Parliament
1294:
1288:
1282:the same year.
1248:John Gillingham
1239:
1234:
1230:
1209:Michaelmas term
1163:
1126:
1102:forestry rights
965:Wells Cathedral
919:
890:Sir John Popham
845:
844:
841:
832:
818:
800:Hannes Kleineke
780:
775:
769:
652:Battle of Baugé
613:
577:, an important
575:Richard Stucley
535:
530:
529:
528:
526:
520:
519:
518:
517:
513:
398:
378:royal patronage
359:Ralph Griffiths
319:K. B. McFarlane
314:
288:
252:catatonic state
209:Richard Stucley
190:
165:
138:
137:
130:
105:
87:
86:
76:Cecily Bonville
67:
44:
35:
32:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6153:
6143:
6142:
6137:
6132:
6127:
6122:
6117:
6112:
6107:
6102:
6097:
6092:
6087:
6082:
6077:
6058:
6057:
6055:
6054:
6041:
6038:
6037:
6035:
6034:
6033:
6032:
6027:
6025:Battle of Deal
6020:Perkin Warbeck
6017:
6012:
6007:
6002:
5997:
5995:Titulus Regius
5992:
5987:
5981:
5979:
5975:
5974:
5972:
5971:
5966:
5961:
5959:Bosworth Field
5956:
5951:
5946:
5941:
5936:
5931:
5929:Losecoat Field
5926:
5921:
5916:
5911:
5906:
5901:
5896:
5891:
5886:
5881:
5876:
5871:
5866:
5861:
5856:
5854:Ludford Bridge
5851:
5846:
5844:Loveday (1458)
5841:
5835:
5833:
5829:
5828:
5825:
5824:
5822:
5821:
5816:
5811:
5806:
5801:
5796:
5791:
5786:
5781:
5776:
5771:
5766:
5761:
5756:
5751:
5746:
5741:
5735:
5733:
5721:
5720:
5718:
5717:
5712:
5707:
5702:
5697:
5692:
5687:
5682:
5677:
5672:
5667:
5662:
5657:
5652:
5647:
5642:
5637:
5632:
5627:
5622:
5617:
5612:
5607:
5602:
5597:
5592:
5587:
5582:
5577:
5572:
5567:
5562:
5557:
5552:
5547:
5541:
5539:
5516:
5515:
5513:
5512:
5502:
5492:
5482:
5472:
5461:
5459:
5450:
5446:
5445:
5443:
5442:
5437:
5432:
5427:
5421:
5418:
5417:
5410:
5409:
5402:
5395:
5387:
5380:
5379:
5373:
5360:
5354:
5341:
5324:
5318:
5305:
5299:
5286:
5280:
5267:
5250:
5244:
5231:
5225:
5208:
5202:
5189:
5172:
5166:
5153:
5147:
5134:
5117:
5111:
5098:
5092:
5079:
5054:
5029:
5004:
4998:
4985:
4968:
4962:
4949:
4943:
4930:
4924:
4911:
4905:
4892:
4871:
4854:
4848:
4835:
4829:
4816:
4810:
4797:
4791:
4778:
4772:
4759:
4734:
4709:
4703:
4690:
4684:
4671:
4665:
4652:
4646:
4633:
4627:
4614:
4608:
4595:
4589:
4576:
4570:
4557:
4551:
4538:
4532:
4519:
4513:
4500:
4494:
4481:
4475:
4462:
4456:
4443:
4437:
4424:
4418:
4405:
4376:
4370:
4357:
4334:
4328:
4315:
4309:
4296:
4290:
4277:
4271:
4258:
4252:
4239:
4214:
4208:
4195:
4189:
4176:
4170:
4157:
4151:
4138:
4121:
4081:
4075:
4062:
4053:
4032:
4026:
4009:
4003:
3990:
3984:
3971:
3957:
3944:
3927:
3921:
3908:
3891:
3885:
3872:
3866:
3853:
3847:
3834:
3828:
3814:
3812:
3809:
3807:
3806:
3804:, p. 171.
3794:
3792:, p. 148.
3790:McFarlane 1973
3782:
3780:, p. 138.
3770:
3758:
3756:, p. 219.
3743:
3739:Rosenthal 1996
3731:
3729:, p. 123.
3719:
3707:
3695:
3683:
3668:
3656:
3641:
3639:, p. 240.
3629:
3614:
3602:
3600:, p. 216.
3590:
3588:, p. 140.
3578:
3566:
3564:, p. 142.
3551:
3549:, p. 150.
3539:
3535:Griffiths 1981
3527:
3525:, p. 128.
3515:
3513:, p. 173.
3503:
3501:, p. 303.
3491:
3489:, p. 141.
3479:
3475:Rosenthal 1976
3467:
3455:
3453:, p. 143.
3443:
3441:, p. 260.
3431:
3429:, p. 123.
3419:
3404:
3402:, p. 263.
3392:
3377:
3362:
3360:, p. 193.
3347:
3345:, p. 221.
3343:Griffiths 1965
3332:
3313:
3311:, p. 139.
3309:Carpenter 1997
3301:
3299:, p. 168.
3289:
3287:, p. 167.
3277:
3275:, p. 166.
3265:
3253:
3249:Griffiths 1981
3241:
3239:, p. 149.
3229:
3225:Griffiths 1984
3217:
3205:
3193:
3191:, p. 155.
3170:
3168:, p. 740.
3166:Griffiths 1981
3158:
3156:, p. 151.
3146:
3134:
3132:, p. 271.
3122:
3120:, p. 299.
3110:
3098:
3086:
3084:, p. 508.
3074:
3072:, p. 723.
3070:Griffiths 1981
3062:
3060:, p. 715.
3058:Griffiths 1981
3050:
3038:
3036:, p. 262.
3026:
3024:, p. 165.
3014:
3002:
2990:
2988:, p. 259.
2978:
2976:, p. 132.
2966:
2964:, p. 136.
2954:
2952:, p. 128.
2950:Carpenter 1997
2942:
2930:
2928:, p. 255.
2918:
2916:, p. 596.
2914:Griffiths 1981
2906:
2894:
2892:, p. 692.
2890:Griffiths 1981
2882:
2870:
2868:, p. 254.
2855:
2853:, p. 356.
2851:Griffiths 1981
2843:
2841:, p. 353.
2839:Griffiths 1981
2831:
2829:, p. 239.
2819:
2817:, p. 295.
2807:
2805:, p. 291.
2795:
2793:, p. 576.
2791:Griffiths 1981
2776:
2764:
2760:Griffiths 1981
2752:
2750:, p. 194.
2740:
2738:, p. 466.
2736:Griffiths 1981
2728:
2726:, p. 161.
2716:
2714:, p. 465.
2712:Griffiths 1981
2699:
2687:
2683:Griffiths 1981
2675:
2663:
2651:
2649:, p. 529.
2647:Griffiths 1981
2639:
2637:, p. 178.
2627:
2625:, p. 253.
2615:
2613:, p. 223.
2603:
2601:, p. 107.
2588:
2576:
2572:Carpenter 2010
2564:
2562:, p. 575.
2560:Griffiths 1981
2541:
2539:, p. 456.
2529:
2517:
2500:
2498:, p. 168.
2485:
2483:, p. 208.
2473:
2461:
2459:, p. 112.
2457:Carpenter 1997
2449:
2447:, p. 563.
2445:Griffiths 1981
2434:
2419:
2417:, p. 140.
2404:
2402:, p. 177.
2392:
2377:
2373:Griffiths 1981
2365:
2363:, p. 305.
2353:
2338:
2336:, p. 154.
2313:
2311:, p. 311.
2309:Wilkinson 1995
2301:
2299:, p. 218.
2289:
2277:
2265:
2248:
2236:
2224:
2222:, p. 122.
2207:
2205:, p. 128.
2195:
2183:
2181:, p. 580.
2179:Griffiths 1981
2171:
2169:, p. 121.
2156:
2154:, p. xiv.
2144:
2142:, p. 111.
2132:
2130:, p. 153.
2099:
2097:, p. 574.
2095:Griffiths 1981
2080:
2049:
2034:
2032:, p. 218.
2003:
1999:McFarlane 1981
1991:
1987:Carpenter 2012
1979:
1962:
1855:
1842:
1840:
1837:
1834:
1833:
1820:
1807:
1785:
1781:Great Wardrobe
1772:
1762:
1745:
1741:Michael Postan
1727:
1718:
1704:
1687:
1674:
1667:The historian
1660:
1648:Viscount Lisle
1610:
1597:
1580:
1567:
1565:in particular.
1550:
1541:
1515:
1502:
1493:
1476:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1449:Edward of York
1438:Malcolm Mercer
1399:
1396:
1391:David Grummitt
1370:
1367:
1287:
1284:
1238:
1235:
1222:
1185:George Neville
1162:
1159:
1147:House of Lords
1125:
1122:
1110:Bertram Wolffe
1088:, borough and
1056:royal progress
1010:described as "
1001:Taunton Castle
999:of Bonville's
918:
915:
847:
846:
833:
810:
809:
779:
776:
768:
765:
759:to patrol the
748:King's Council
612:
609:
552:Leicestershire
534:
531:
522:
521:
515:
514:
507:
506:
500:
499:
498:
497:
496:
476:, and aunt of
447:
446:
439:
432:
425:
404:, daughter of
397:
394:
384:, and then to
299:earls of Devon
287:
284:
242:In 1437, King
183:
182:
179:
175:
174:
171:
167:
166:
164:
163:
160:
157:
154:
151:
147:
145:
133:
132:
125:
121:
120:
117:
111:
110:
106:Following the
102:
98:
97:
83:
79:
78:
73:
69:
68:
62:
54:
53:
51:Baron Bonville
46:
45:
42:
33:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6152:
6141:
6138:
6136:
6133:
6131:
6128:
6126:
6123:
6121:
6118:
6116:
6113:
6111:
6108:
6106:
6103:
6101:
6098:
6096:
6093:
6091:
6088:
6086:
6083:
6081:
6078:
6076:
6073:
6072:
6070:
6063:
6053:
6045:
6044:
6039:
6031:
6028:
6026:
6023:
6022:
6021:
6018:
6016:
6013:
6011:
6008:
6006:
6003:
6001:
5998:
5996:
5993:
5991:
5988:
5986:
5985:Act of Accord
5983:
5982:
5980:
5976:
5970:
5967:
5965:
5962:
5960:
5957:
5955:
5952:
5950:
5947:
5945:
5942:
5940:
5937:
5935:
5932:
5930:
5927:
5925:
5922:
5920:
5917:
5915:
5912:
5910:
5909:Hedgeley Moor
5907:
5905:
5902:
5900:
5897:
5895:
5892:
5890:
5887:
5885:
5882:
5880:
5877:
5875:
5872:
5870:
5867:
5865:
5862:
5860:
5857:
5855:
5852:
5850:
5847:
5845:
5842:
5840:
5837:
5836:
5834:
5830:
5820:
5817:
5815:
5812:
5810:
5807:
5805:
5802:
5800:
5797:
5795:
5792:
5790:
5787:
5785:
5782:
5780:
5777:
5775:
5772:
5770:
5767:
5765:
5762:
5760:
5757:
5755:
5752:
5750:
5747:
5745:
5742:
5740:
5737:
5736:
5734:
5731:
5726:
5722:
5716:
5713:
5711:
5708:
5706:
5703:
5701:
5698:
5696:
5693:
5691:
5688:
5686:
5683:
5681:
5678:
5676:
5673:
5671:
5668:
5666:
5663:
5661:
5658:
5656:
5653:
5651:
5648:
5646:
5643:
5641:
5638:
5636:
5633:
5631:
5628:
5626:
5623:
5621:
5618:
5616:
5613:
5611:
5608:
5606:
5603:
5601:
5598:
5596:
5593:
5591:
5588:
5586:
5583:
5581:
5578:
5576:
5573:
5571:
5568:
5566:
5563:
5561:
5558:
5556:
5553:
5551:
5548:
5546:
5543:
5542:
5540:
5537:
5532:
5526:
5521:
5517:
5510:
5506:
5503:
5500:
5496:
5493:
5490:
5486:
5483:
5480:
5476:
5473:
5470:
5466:
5463:
5462:
5460:
5458:
5454:
5451:
5447:
5441:
5438:
5436:
5433:
5431:
5428:
5426:
5423:
5422:
5419:
5415:
5408:
5403:
5401:
5396:
5394:
5389:
5388:
5385:
5376:
5370:
5366:
5361:
5357:
5351:
5347:
5342:
5338:
5334:
5330:
5325:
5321:
5315:
5311:
5306:
5302:
5296:
5292:
5287:
5283:
5277:
5273:
5268:
5264:
5260:
5256:
5251:
5247:
5241:
5237:
5232:
5228:
5222:
5217:
5216:
5209:
5205:
5199:
5195:
5190:
5186:
5182:
5178:
5173:
5169:
5163:
5159:
5154:
5150:
5144:
5140:
5135:
5131:
5127:
5123:
5118:
5114:
5108:
5104:
5099:
5095:
5089:
5085:
5080:
5068:
5064:
5060:
5055:
5043:
5039:
5035:
5030:
5018:
5014:
5010:
5005:
5001:
4995:
4991:
4986:
4982:
4978:
4974:
4969:
4965:
4959:
4955:
4950:
4946:
4940:
4936:
4931:
4927:
4921:
4917:
4912:
4908:
4902:
4898:
4893:
4889:
4885:
4881:
4877:
4872:
4868:
4864:
4860:
4855:
4851:
4845:
4841:
4836:
4832:
4826:
4822:
4817:
4813:
4807:
4803:
4798:
4794:
4788:
4784:
4779:
4775:
4769:
4765:
4760:
4748:
4744:
4740:
4737:MED (2014b).
4735:
4723:
4719:
4715:
4712:MED (2014a).
4710:
4706:
4700:
4696:
4691:
4687:
4681:
4677:
4672:
4668:
4662:
4658:
4653:
4649:
4643:
4639:
4634:
4630:
4624:
4620:
4615:
4611:
4605:
4601:
4596:
4592:
4586:
4582:
4577:
4573:
4567:
4563:
4558:
4554:
4548:
4544:
4539:
4535:
4529:
4525:
4520:
4516:
4510:
4506:
4501:
4497:
4491:
4487:
4482:
4478:
4472:
4468:
4463:
4459:
4453:
4449:
4444:
4440:
4434:
4430:
4425:
4421:
4415:
4411:
4406:
4402:
4398:
4394:
4390:
4386:
4382:
4377:
4373:
4367:
4363:
4358:
4354:
4350:
4346:
4342:
4341:
4335:
4331:
4325:
4321:
4316:
4312:
4306:
4302:
4297:
4293:
4287:
4283:
4278:
4274:
4268:
4264:
4259:
4255:
4249:
4245:
4240:
4228:
4224:
4220:
4215:
4211:
4205:
4201:
4196:
4192:
4186:
4182:
4177:
4173:
4167:
4163:
4158:
4154:
4148:
4144:
4139:
4135:
4131:
4127:
4122:
4118:
4103:
4099:
4095:
4094:
4088:
4082:
4078:
4072:
4068:
4063:
4059:
4054:
4050:
4046:
4042:
4038:
4033:
4029:
4023:
4019:
4015:
4010:
4006:
4000:
3996:
3991:
3987:
3981:
3977:
3972:
3968:
3964:
3960:
3954:
3950:
3945:
3941:
3937:
3933:
3928:
3924:
3918:
3914:
3909:
3905:
3901:
3897:
3892:
3888:
3882:
3878:
3873:
3869:
3863:
3859:
3854:
3850:
3844:
3840:
3835:
3831:
3825:
3821:
3816:
3815:
3803:
3798:
3791:
3786:
3779:
3774:
3767:
3766:Kleineke 2015
3762:
3755:
3750:
3748:
3741:, p. 86.
3740:
3735:
3728:
3727:Kleineke 2015
3723:
3717:, p. 39.
3716:
3711:
3705:, p. 92.
3704:
3699:
3693:, p. 76.
3692:
3691:Grummitt 2013
3687:
3681:, p. 92.
3680:
3675:
3673:
3666:, p. 55.
3665:
3664:Boardman 1998
3660:
3654:, p. 79.
3653:
3648:
3646:
3638:
3633:
3626:
3621:
3619:
3611:
3606:
3599:
3594:
3587:
3586:Scofield 1923
3582:
3576:, p. 57.
3575:
3570:
3563:
3558:
3556:
3548:
3543:
3536:
3531:
3524:
3519:
3512:
3507:
3500:
3495:
3488:
3487:Kleineke 2007
3483:
3477:, p. 83.
3476:
3471:
3464:
3459:
3452:
3451:Kleineke 2007
3447:
3440:
3435:
3428:
3423:
3417:, p. 49.
3416:
3411:
3409:
3401:
3396:
3390:, p. 48.
3389:
3384:
3382:
3375:, p. 96.
3374:
3369:
3367:
3359:
3354:
3352:
3344:
3339:
3337:
3330:, p. 60.
3329:
3324:
3322:
3320:
3318:
3310:
3305:
3298:
3293:
3286:
3281:
3274:
3269:
3263:, p. 36.
3262:
3261:Grummitt 2013
3257:
3250:
3245:
3238:
3233:
3227:, p. 78.
3226:
3221:
3215:, p. 59.
3214:
3213:Grummitt 2013
3209:
3203:, p. 94.
3202:
3197:
3190:
3185:
3183:
3181:
3179:
3177:
3175:
3167:
3162:
3155:
3150:
3143:
3138:
3131:
3126:
3119:
3118:Gairdner 1986
3114:
3107:
3102:
3095:
3090:
3083:
3078:
3071:
3066:
3059:
3054:
3047:
3042:
3035:
3030:
3023:
3018:
3012:, p. 74.
3011:
3006:
3000:, p. 13.
2999:
2994:
2987:
2982:
2975:
2970:
2963:
2958:
2951:
2946:
2940:, p. 20.
2939:
2934:
2927:
2922:
2915:
2910:
2904:, p. 72.
2903:
2898:
2891:
2886:
2880:, p. 93.
2879:
2874:
2867:
2862:
2860:
2852:
2847:
2840:
2835:
2828:
2823:
2816:
2811:
2804:
2799:
2792:
2787:
2785:
2783:
2781:
2773:
2768:
2761:
2756:
2749:
2744:
2737:
2732:
2725:
2720:
2713:
2708:
2706:
2704:
2697:, p. 24.
2696:
2691:
2684:
2679:
2672:
2667:
2661:, p. 23.
2660:
2655:
2648:
2643:
2636:
2631:
2624:
2619:
2612:
2607:
2600:
2595:
2593:
2586:, p. 72.
2585:
2580:
2574:, p. 22.
2573:
2568:
2561:
2556:
2554:
2552:
2550:
2548:
2546:
2538:
2533:
2526:
2521:
2515:, p. 58.
2514:
2509:
2507:
2505:
2497:
2492:
2490:
2482:
2477:
2471:, p. 27.
2470:
2465:
2458:
2453:
2446:
2441:
2439:
2432:, p. 13.
2431:
2426:
2424:
2416:
2415:Kleineke 2007
2411:
2409:
2401:
2396:
2390:, p. 26.
2389:
2384:
2382:
2374:
2369:
2362:
2357:
2351:, p. 95.
2350:
2345:
2343:
2335:
2330:
2328:
2326:
2324:
2322:
2320:
2318:
2310:
2305:
2298:
2297:Matusiak 2012
2293:
2286:
2285:Matusiak 2012
2281:
2275:, p. 52.
2274:
2269:
2262:
2257:
2255:
2253:
2246:, p. 16.
2245:
2240:
2233:
2228:
2221:
2220:Kleineke 2015
2216:
2214:
2212:
2204:
2199:
2192:
2187:
2180:
2175:
2168:
2167:Kleineke 2015
2163:
2161:
2153:
2148:
2141:
2136:
2129:
2124:
2122:
2120:
2118:
2116:
2114:
2112:
2110:
2108:
2106:
2104:
2096:
2091:
2089:
2087:
2085:
2077:
2072:
2070:
2068:
2066:
2064:
2062:
2060:
2058:
2056:
2054:
2046:
2041:
2039:
2031:
2026:
2024:
2022:
2020:
2018:
2016:
2014:
2012:
2010:
2008:
2001:, p. 16.
2000:
1995:
1989:, p. 76.
1988:
1983:
1976:
1971:
1969:
1967:
1959:
1954:
1952:
1950:
1948:
1946:
1944:
1942:
1940:
1938:
1936:
1934:
1932:
1930:
1928:
1926:
1924:
1922:
1920:
1918:
1916:
1914:
1912:
1910:
1908:
1906:
1904:
1902:
1900:
1898:
1896:
1894:
1892:
1890:
1888:
1886:
1884:
1882:
1880:
1878:
1876:
1874:
1872:
1870:
1868:
1866:
1864:
1862:
1860:
1853:, p. 99.
1852:
1847:
1843:
1830:
1824:
1817:
1811:
1804:
1800:
1796:
1789:
1782:
1776:
1766:
1759:
1755:
1749:
1742:
1737:
1731:
1722:
1714:
1708:
1701:
1697:
1691:
1684:
1678:
1670:
1664:
1657:
1653:
1649:
1645:
1641:
1637:
1636:Welsh marches
1633:
1629:
1625:
1621:
1614:
1607:
1601:
1594:
1590:
1584:
1577:
1571:
1564:
1560:
1554:
1545:
1538:
1534:
1533:Rowena Archer
1530:
1526:
1519:
1512:
1506:
1497:
1490:
1489:Margaret Grey
1484:
1482:
1477:
1469:
1466:
1462:
1458:
1454:
1450:
1446:
1441:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1419:
1415:
1414:
1410:
1405:
1395:
1392:
1388:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1366:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1355:Yorkist lords
1352:
1348:
1347:Act of Accord
1344:
1339:
1337:
1333:
1328:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1307:
1303:
1298:
1293:
1283:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1267:
1265:
1264:Clyst St Mary
1261:
1257:
1253:
1252:Michael Hicks
1249:
1245:
1233:
1227:
1221:
1219:
1215:
1210:
1206:
1201:
1197:
1192:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1158:
1156:
1152:
1148:
1143:
1140:
1130:
1121:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1078:Exeter Castle
1075:
1073:
1067:
1063:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1051:A. J. Pollard
1048:
1044:
1039:
1037:
1034:and his wife
1033:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1006:
1002:
998:
994:
990:
986:
981:
977:
973:
968:
966:
962:
957:
953:
949:
945:
941:
937:
928:
923:
914:
912:
908:
904:
900:
895:
891:
887:
883:
879:
875:
871:
865:
863:
859:
855:
837:
829:
825:
821:
814:
807:
804:
801:
797:
793:
789:
785:
774:
764:
762:
758:
753:
749:
744:
742:
738:
734:
730:
726:
722:
718:
714:
710:
705:
701:
697:
693:
687:
685:
681:
677:
673:
669:
665:
661:
657:
653:
649:
644:
642:
638:
634:
630:
626:
617:
608:
606:
605:
600:
596:
592:
588:
584:
580:
576:
572:
567:
565:
561:
557:
556:East Midlands
553:
549:
544:
543:Martin Cherry
540:
525:
504:
494:
490:
489:
488:
485:
483:
479:
475:
471:
470:consanguinity
467:
463:
459:
455:
450:
444:
440:
437:
433:
430:
426:
423:
419:
418:
417:
415:
411:
407:
403:
402:Margaret Grey
393:
391:
390:J. S. Roskell
387:
383:
379:
375:
371:
370:King Henry IV
367:
362:
360:
356:
352:
348:
343:
339:
335:
326:
322:
320:
312:
308:
304:
300:
297:
293:
283:
281:
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
255:
253:
249:
245:
240:
238:
234:
230:
226:
222:
218:
214:
210:
206:
202:
198:
193:
189:
180:
176:
172:
168:
161:
158:
155:
152:
149:
148:
146:
143:
142:
134:
129:
128:Margaret Grey
126:
122:
118:
116:
112:
109:
103:
99:
94:
90:
84:
80:
77:
74:
70:
66:
60:
55:
52:
47:
40:
37:
34:English noble
30:
19:
6062:
5364:
5345:
5328:
5309:
5290:
5271:
5254:
5235:
5214:
5193:
5176:
5157:
5138:
5121:
5102:
5083:
5071:. Retrieved
5062:
5046:. Retrieved
5037:
5021:. Retrieved
5012:
4989:
4972:
4953:
4934:
4915:
4896:
4879:
4875:
4858:
4839:
4820:
4801:
4782:
4763:
4751:. Retrieved
4742:
4739:"hider (n.)"
4726:. Retrieved
4717:
4694:
4675:
4656:
4637:
4618:
4599:
4580:
4561:
4542:
4523:
4504:
4485:
4466:
4447:
4428:
4409:
4384:
4380:
4361:
4344:
4338:
4319:
4300:
4281:
4262:
4243:
4231:. Retrieved
4227:the original
4222:
4199:
4180:
4161:
4142:
4125:
4105:. Retrieved
4091:
4066:
4057:
4040:
4036:
4017:
4013:
3994:
3975:
3948:
3931:
3912:
3895:
3876:
3857:
3838:
3819:
3802:Collins 1996
3797:
3785:
3778:Cherry 1981b
3773:
3761:
3754:Cokayne 1912
3734:
3722:
3715:Pollard 2001
3710:
3698:
3686:
3659:
3632:
3610:Cherry 1981b
3605:
3593:
3581:
3569:
3542:
3530:
3518:
3506:
3499:Cherry 1981a
3494:
3482:
3470:
3458:
3446:
3439:Radford 1912
3434:
3427:Cherry 1981b
3422:
3395:
3304:
3292:
3280:
3268:
3256:
3244:
3237:Pollard 2000
3232:
3220:
3208:
3196:
3189:Roskell 1954
3161:
3154:Johnson 1988
3149:
3137:
3125:
3113:
3101:
3089:
3077:
3065:
3053:
3041:
3029:
3017:
3005:
2993:
2981:
2974:Cherry 1981b
2969:
2962:Pollard 2000
2957:
2945:
2938:Goodman 1981
2933:
2926:Radford 1912
2921:
2909:
2897:
2885:
2873:
2866:Radford 1912
2846:
2834:
2822:
2810:
2798:
2767:
2755:
2748:Thomson 1983
2743:
2731:
2719:
2690:
2678:
2673:, p. 6.
2666:
2654:
2642:
2630:
2623:Radford 1912
2618:
2606:
2579:
2567:
2532:
2520:
2513:Fleming 2005
2476:
2469:Bellamy 1973
2464:
2452:
2395:
2368:
2356:
2334:Roskell 1954
2304:
2292:
2280:
2268:
2239:
2227:
2203:Attreed 2001
2198:
2191:Cokayne 1912
2186:
2174:
2152:Harding 2002
2147:
2140:Roskell 1983
2135:
2128:Roskell 1954
2030:Cokayne 1912
1994:
1982:
1846:
1823:
1810:
1797:, including
1788:
1775:
1765:
1757:
1753:
1748:
1730:
1721:
1713:Roger Virgoe
1707:
1700:Malcolm Vale
1695:
1690:
1677:
1663:
1644:Nibley Green
1613:
1600:
1583:
1570:
1553:
1544:
1525:dos nominata
1524:
1518:
1505:
1496:
1442:
1411:
1401:
1372:
1340:
1327:Charles Ross
1322:
1311:
1268:
1244:Edmund Lacey
1240:
1229:
1224:
1199:
1193:
1164:
1144:
1135:
1072:Gascon Rolls
1069:
1060:
1040:
1023:
1011:
989:West Country
979:
969:
960:
936:King's peace
932:
902:
866:
850:
781:
745:
698:parkland in
688:
645:
622:
602:
599:Mudford Sock
568:
536:
486:
451:
448:
399:
382:John Tiptoft
363:
334:Shute, Devon
331:
289:
256:
241:
187:
186:
139:
115:Noble family
64:
36:
6080:1461 deaths
6075:1392 births
5969:Stoke Field
5894:Ferrybridge
5869:Northampton
5849:Blore Heath
5495:Richard III
5449:Key figures
5440:Family tree
5048:12 December
4882:: 252–265.
4347:: 213–231.
3625:Storey 1999
3547:Mirrer 1992
3511:Storey 1999
3297:Storey 1999
3285:Storey 1999
3273:Storey 1999
3046:Wolffe 1981
3034:Wolffe 1981
3022:Storey 1999
3010:Postan 1973
2998:Gribit 2016
2986:Wolffe 1981
2815:Virgoe 1997
2803:Virgoe 1997
2724:Wolffe 1981
2659:Harris 1994
2611:Reeves 1981
2599:Wolffe 1981
2525:Archer 1995
2430:Mercer 2010
2388:Archer 1984
2361:Barker 2009
2349:Cherry 1979
2273:Rogers 2008
2244:Archer 1984
2076:Cherry 2004
1803:John Leland
1176:pursuivants
1094:conservancy
1082:South Teign
1024:dies amoris
907:La Rochelle
713:commissions
704:arbitration
684:men-at-arms
660:Westminster
639:. While in
539:came of age
349:, he stood
203:during the
89:Shute Manor
6069:Categories
5944:Tewkesbury
5710:Owen Tudor
5435:Tudor rose
4233:22 October
4119:required.)
3940:1006139958
3679:Haigh 2002
3637:Lewis 2013
3598:Hicks 1998
3523:Hicks 1998
3415:Hicks 1991
3388:Hicks 1991
3358:Fryde 1996
3328:Hicks 2002
3201:Hicks 1998
3142:Watts 1996
3082:Jacob 1993
2878:Hicks 1998
2827:Watts 1996
2635:Watts 1996
2481:Grant 2014
2232:Kenny 2003
1851:Burke 1864
1839:References
1816:Dillington
1799:Owen Tudor
1754:puissaunce
1739:economist
1646:which saw
1302:escutcheon
1290:See also:
1155:chancellor
1047:Blackheath
1005:chronicler
894:indentured
870:John Watts
862:bound over
771:See also:
731:(from the
723:, piracy,
721:necromancy
5879:Wakefield
5520:Lancaster
5505:Henry VII
5475:Edward IV
5337:847222345
5263:899104985
5185:468288442
5073:11 August
5023:11 August
4981:797541879
4888:226001020
4867:611653031
4753:15 August
4728:15 August
4401:754650998
4387:: 67–82.
4353:796038480
4134:926878974
4107:11 August
4043:: 71–97.
3967:102328860
3904:224783573
3562:Ross 1994
3463:Orme 1999
3400:Vale 1995
3130:Tuck 1999
3106:MED 2014b
3094:MED 2014a
2695:Vale 1970
2671:Vale 1970
2584:Ward 2016
2400:Ross 2011
1716:Cromwell.
1696:parlement
1606:jointures
1445:attainder
1434:Powderham
1426:male line
1398:Aftermath
1300:Heraldic
1276:civil war
1212:son—also
1151:protector
1098:River Exe
997:besieging
940:favourite
917:1440–1453
886:Avranches
778:1437–1440
729:desertion
725:extortion
696:enclosing
680:Le Crotoy
648:executors
595:Yelverton
583:remainder
548:Wiltshire
429:Powderham
355:patrimony
351:godparent
296:Courtenay
72:Successor
6052:Category
5978:See also
5859:Sandwich
5485:Edward V
5465:Henry VI
5457:Monarchs
5365:Henry VI
5067:Archived
5042:Archived
5017:Archived
4747:Archived
4722:Archived
1624:Nevilles
1622:and the
1422:entailed
1413:suo jure
1387:beheaded
1106:Dartmoor
1028:Colcombe
993:sixpence
980:en route
903:en route
899:Normandy
737:felonies
641:Normandy
591:courtesy
374:wardship
342:Somerset
303:retainer
280:beheaded
244:Henry VI
119:Bonville
5919:Edgcote
5904:Piltown
5874:Worksop
5130:1367922
4657:Henry V
4049:6001787
3811:Sources
1628:Stanley
1620:Percies
1537:dowager
1424:in the
1351:pillage
1096:of the
1074:Project
1020:loveday
954:. By a
911:corsair
882:Guyenne
786:of the
784:Steward
761:Channel
757:galleys
700:Axmouth
676:regents
633:retinue
587:Chewton
482:peerage
414:jointly
315:
225:Henry V
124:Spouses
95:, Devon
5939:Barnet
5914:Hexham
5899:Towton
5832:Events
5371:
5352:
5335:
5316:
5297:
5278:
5261:
5242:
5223:
5200:
5183:
5164:
5145:
5128:
5109:
5090:
4996:
4979:
4960:
4941:
4922:
4903:
4886:
4865:
4846:
4827:
4808:
4789:
4770:
4701:
4682:
4663:
4644:
4625:
4606:
4587:
4568:
4549:
4530:
4511:
4492:
4473:
4454:
4435:
4416:
4399:
4368:
4351:
4326:
4307:
4288:
4269:
4250:
4206:
4187:
4168:
4149:
4132:
4113:
4073:
4047:
4024:
4001:
3982:
3965:
3955:
3938:
3919:
3902:
3883:
3864:
3845:
3826:
1593:Dorset
1529:seised
1409:Cecily
1214:Thomas
1205:ambush
1189:pardon
1139:Paston
1100:, and
1086:castle
1084:, the
976:exiled
854:minute
824:Breton
564:Sussex
554:, the
466:church
307:Edward
292:gentry
178:Mother
170:Father
141:Detail
5531:Tudor
1758:hider
1472:Notes
1457:north
1090:manor
1061:caput
828:Fowey
792:marks
664:Henry
579:Essex
571:dower
516:Shute
436:Stowe
410:marks
366:minor
136:Issue
93:Shute
5725:York
5369:ISBN
5350:ISBN
5333:OCLC
5314:ISBN
5295:ISBN
5276:ISBN
5259:OCLC
5240:ISBN
5221:ISBN
5198:ISBN
5181:OCLC
5162:ISBN
5143:ISBN
5126:OCLC
5107:ISBN
5088:ISBN
5075:2018
5050:2019
5025:2018
4994:ISBN
4977:OCLC
4958:ISBN
4939:ISBN
4920:ISBN
4901:ISBN
4884:OCLC
4863:OCLC
4844:ISBN
4825:ISBN
4806:ISBN
4787:ISBN
4768:ISBN
4755:2018
4730:2018
4699:ISBN
4680:ISBN
4661:ISBN
4642:ISBN
4623:ISBN
4604:ISBN
4585:ISBN
4566:ISBN
4547:ISBN
4528:ISBN
4509:ISBN
4490:ISBN
4471:ISBN
4452:ISBN
4433:ISBN
4414:ISBN
4397:OCLC
4385:XCIX
4366:ISBN
4349:OCLC
4324:ISBN
4305:ISBN
4286:ISBN
4267:ISBN
4248:ISBN
4235:2019
4204:ISBN
4185:ISBN
4166:ISBN
4147:ISBN
4130:OCLC
4109:2018
4071:ISBN
4045:OCLC
4022:ISBN
3999:ISBN
3980:ISBN
3963:OCLC
3953:ISBN
3936:OCLC
3917:ISBN
3900:OCLC
3881:ISBN
3862:ISBN
3843:ISBN
3824:ISBN
1591:for
1461:York
1404:will
1353:the
1256:duel
1200:vjd.
1145:The
1070:The
956:writ
670:and
597:and
562:and
560:Kent
340:for
101:Died
82:Born
49:1st
4389:doi
4098:doi
1654:in
1104:in
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5040:.
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3644:^
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3407:^
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3335:^
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2858:^
2779:^
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2591:^
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2488:^
2437:^
2422:^
2407:^
2380:^
2341:^
2316:^
2251:^
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2159:^
2102:^
2083:^
2052:^
2037:^
2006:^
1965:^
1858:^
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